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id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家族" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家族"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>家族</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家族-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">章惇</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。3种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="章惇" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="章惇" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="章惇" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11598435#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上传" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&oldid=82638719" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&id=82638719&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25AB%25A0%25E6%2583%2587"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25AB%25A0%25E6%2583%2587"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11598435" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">章惇</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">性别</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">男</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">景祐二年（1035年）<br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">大宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E8%B7%AF" title="福建路">福建路</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">崇寧四年十一月二十五日（1106年1月2日）<br /><span class="deathplace">舒州</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">教育程度</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">私塾</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">职业</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="">政治人物</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">活跃时期</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">11世紀</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">亲属</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">父親<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E4%BF%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="章俞（页面不存在）">章俞</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#eeee);text-align:center;color: inherit;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">经历</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><dl style="margin: 0; padding: 0.25em 0 0 0; border; none; text-align: left;"> 進士、商洛令、中書檢正<br />起居注、參知政事、知汝州<br />尚書左僕射門下侍郎<br />申國公、雷州司戶、舒州團練副使 </dl></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>章惇</b>（1035年—1106年1月2日），字<b>子厚</b>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D)" title="建州 (唐朝)">建州</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E5%9F%8E%E5%8E%BF" title="浦城县">浦城縣</a>人，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>政治人物，<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%8A%E9%BB%A8%E7%88%AD" title="新舊黨爭">新舊黨爭</a>的變法派要角。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%AE%E9%BA%88%E9%8C%84" title="揮麈錄">揮麈錄</a>》稱章惇是父親<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E4%BF%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="章俞（页面不存在）">章俞</a>與其<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B3%E6%AF%8D" title="岳母">丈母娘</a>楊氏通奸所生的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B8%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="奸生子">奸生子</a>，假冒為章俞之妻羅氏所生<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。“惇豪俊、博学善文”<sup id="cite_ref-a1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="宋仁宗">宋仁宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E7%A5%90" title="嘉祐">嘉祐</a>二年（1057年）考取<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="進士">進士</a>，可是族侄<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E8%A1%A1" title="章衡">章衡</a>考取<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%80%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="狀元">狀元</a>，便不就而去，而再舉進士甲科，調<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%B3%B3%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="丹鳳縣">商洛</a>令。章惇能攀絕壁題字，面不改色，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇軾">蘇軾</a>說他：“子厚必能殺人”<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>雖然章惇力主改革，但由於與<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>不合，而僅用其為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8" title="中書">中書</a>檢正，後為<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E7%A5%9E%E5%AE%97" title="宋神宗">宋神宗</a>起用，<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧">熙寧</a>五年（1072年），受命為<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E8%B7%AF" title="荆湖北路">荊湖北路</a>察訪使，熙寧十年（1077年），平定<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">貴州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西</a>三省交界的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="少数民族">少数民族</a>叛亂，招撫45州。但是由於章惇強硬對付少數民族的政策，引發<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%8A%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E8%B7%AF" title="荊湖南路">荊湖南路</a>、荊湖北路一帶的騷動，被貶為<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E5%B1%85%E6%B3%A8" title="起居注">起居注</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E8%B1%90_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="元豐 (北宋)">元豐</a>三年（1080年）調<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E7%9F%A5%E6%94%BF%E4%BA%8B" title="參知政事">參知政事</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%93%B2%E5%AE%97" title="宋哲宗">宋哲宗</a>即位之後，章惇又因為廢除新法的問題與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>當著<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E4%BB%81%E5%9C%A3%E7%83%88%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="宣仁圣烈皇后">宣仁太后</a>之前犯顏爭議，而出知<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9D%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="汝州 (古代)">汝州</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%A5%90_(%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7)" class="mw-redirect" title="元祐 (年号)">元祐</a>九年（1094年），章惇於宣仁太后死後入京，出任<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6%E5%B7%A6%E4%BB%86%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="尚书左仆射">尚書左僕射</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E4%B8%8B%E4%BE%8D%E9%83%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="门下侍郎">門下侍郎</a>，主持恢復<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧變法">熙豐新法</a>，史稱“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8D%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8D%E8%BF%B0" title="绍圣绍述">紹述</a>”，北宋國力因而得以恢復發展，更取得對<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>的多次戰略性軍事勝利。然而在章惇當政期間，絕大部分支持<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="舊黨">舊黨</a>黨人都被放逐，甚至於貶到<a href="/wiki/%E5%B6%BA%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="嶺南">嶺南</a>等蠻荒地區；而章惇也進行言論控制，設立<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E7%A5%90%E6%8F%90%E5%88%B6%E5%B1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="元祐提制局（页面不存在）">元祐提制局</a>等單位對於反對新法的言論加以控制，甚至於在宮廷內部興獄。<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%81%96" title="紹聖">紹聖</a>三年（1096年），章惇以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%AB%E8%A0%B1" title="巫蠱">巫蠱</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%9B%E5%92%92" title="詛咒">詛咒</a>的罪名，要求宋哲宗廢宣仁太后所立的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E6%85%88%E5%9C%A3%E7%8C%AE%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="昭慈圣献皇后">孟皇后</a>，由此改立<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E6%87%B7%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="昭懷皇后">劉皇后</a>，連<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%93%B2%E5%AE%97" title="宋哲宗">宋哲宗</a>都大嘆：「章惇壞我名節！」 </p><p>宋哲宗死後，章惇反對端王<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BE%BD%E5%AE%97" title="宋徽宗">趙佶</a>繼位，議立簡王<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E4%BC%BC" title="趙似">趙似</a>遭<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A6%E5%9C%A3%E7%8C%AE%E8%82%83%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="钦圣献肃皇后">欽聖太后</a>所拒，寧願立年長但有眼疾的申王<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E4%BD%96" title="趙佖">趙佖</a>，也不願擁立端王，甚至當著欽聖太后面前明言「端王輕佻，不可以君天下」<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，不僅遭同儕<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%B8%83" title="曾布">曾布</a>怒斥道：「章惇，聽太后處分！」端王趙佶即位，是為宋徽宗。宋徽宗即位初封章惇為申國公，但由於章惇反對立宋徽宗而觸怒欽聖太后，不久被罷相，貶<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="雷州 (古代)">雷州</a>司戶，再貶<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D)" title="舒州 (唐朝)">舒州</a>團練副使，死於任上。 </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="宋史">宋史</a>》以他：「盡復熙豐舊法，黜逐元祐朝臣；肆開邊隙，詆誣宣仁后。」列入〈奸臣傳〉。後世學者對他恢復<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧變法">王安石之法</a>、加強遼夏邊境軍備以及被列入奸臣多有不同看法。 </p><p>死後被追封為昭化軍節度副使。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B3%E7%86%99" title="淳熙">淳熙</a>年間，賜諡<b>忠敏</b>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家族"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E6.97.8F"></span>家族</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：家族"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>玄祖：<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E4%BB%94%E9%88%9E" title="章仔鈞">章仔鈞</a>，贈金紫光祿大夫、上柱國、武寧郡開國伯，諡忠憲</li> <li>高祖：章仁徹</li> <li>曾祖：章文炎，贈金紫光祿大夫、太子少保</li> <li>曾祖母：陳氏，追贈潁川郡太夫人</li> <li>祖父：章佺，先贈工部尚書、改贈金紫光祿大夫、加贈太保</li> <li>祖母：楊氏，福昌縣太君、追封延安郡夫人</li> <li>父：章俞，徙蘇州。起家至職方郎中，致仕，用章惇貴，累官銀青光祿大夫，年八十九卒<sup id="cite_ref-a1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>母：羅氏，吳興郡君、追封吳興郡夫人</li> <li>妻：張氏，累封安定郡君、嘉興郡夫人</li> <li>弟：章愷</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks" style="float: right;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11598435" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q11598435"><span class="nomobile">在维基数据</span>编<span class="nomobile">辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </p> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本：" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7471#章惇" class="extiw" title="s:宋史/卷471">宋史·卷471</a>》，出自<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E8%84%B1" title="脱脱">脱脱</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="宋史">宋史</a>》</dd> <dd></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%AE%E9%BA%88%E9%8C%84" title="揮麈錄">揮麈錄</a>·挥麈录馀话·卷一》“章俞者，郇公之族子，早歲不自拘檢。妻之母楊氏，年少而寡，俞與之通，已而有娠生子。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a1_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a1_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="宋史">宋史</a>·章惇传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%B5%B7%E7%B1%BB%E7%BC%96" title="学海类编">學海類編</a>》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%8C%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91" title="續資治通鑑">續資治通鑑</a>》</span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%B2" title="呂大防">吕大防</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6%E5%B7%A6%E4%BB%86%E5%B0%84%E5%85%BC%E9%97%A8%E4%B8%8B%E4%BE%8D%E9%83%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="尚书左仆射兼门下侍郎">尚书左仆射兼门下侍郎</a></b><br />1094年—1100年 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%BF%A0%E5%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="韩忠彦">韩忠彦</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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