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href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Родовий відмінок">род. відм.</a> <i>renis</i>; <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Грецька мова">грец.</a> <span lang="el">νεφρός</span>) — життєво важливий парний орган у <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хребетні">хребетних тварин</a>, зокрема <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Людина розумна">людини</a>, що розташований в <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Заочеревинний простір">заочеревинному просторі</a>. Основна його функція виведення продуктів життєдіяльності шляхом <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фільтрація">фільтрації</a> <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кров">крові</a>. Також нирки беруть участь в регуляції водно-сольового балансу, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%27%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кров'яний тиск">кров'яного тиску</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кровотворення">кровоутворення</a>, кальцієвому обміні тощо.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Kidney_PioM.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/300px-Kidney_PioM.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/450px-Kidney_PioM.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/600px-Kidney_PioM.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1018"></a> <figcaption> <b>Будова нирки:</b> <br> 1. Мозкова речовина та ниркові піраміди (<i>Pyramides renales</i>) <br> 2. Виносна клубочкова артеріола (<i>Arteriola glomerularis efferens</i>) <br> 3. Ниркова артерія (<i>Arteria renalis</i>) <br> 4. Ниркова вена (<i>Vena renalis</i>) <br> 5. Ниркові ворота (<i>Hilus renalis</i>) <br> 6. Ниркова миска (<i>Pelvis renalis</i>) <br> 7. Сечовід (<i>Ureter</i>) <br> 8. Мала ниркова миска (<i>Calices minores renales</i>) <br> 9. Фіброзна капсула нирки (<i>Capsula fibrosa renalis</i>) <br> 10. Нижній полюс нирки (<i>Extremitas inferior</i>) <br> 11. Верхній полюс нирки (<i>Extremitas superior</i>) <br> 12. Приносна клубочкова артеріола (<i>Arteriola glomerularis afferens</i>) <br> 13. <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нефрон">Нефрон</a> (<i>Nephron</i>)<br> 14. Ниркова пазуха (<i>Sinus renalis</i>) <br> 15. Велика ниркова миска (<i>Calices majores renales</i>) <br> 16. Вершина ниркової піраміди (<i>Papillae renales</i>) <br> 17. Нирковий стовп (<i>Columna renalis</i>) </figcaption> </figure> <div class="dablink noprint" style="font-style:italic; padding-left:2em;"> У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_(%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Нирки (значення)">Нирки (значення)</a>. </div> <div class="dablink noprint" style="font-style:italic; padding-left:2em;"> У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Нирка (значення)">Нирка</a>. </div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="uk" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Зміст</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Еволюція та онтогенез нирки</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Будова та функціювання нирок</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Фізіологія ниркової системи</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Захворювання</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Запальні захворювання</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Незапальні захворювання</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B2._%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B6"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Див. також</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Примітки</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Джерела</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Додаткова література</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Посилання</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Еволюція_та_онтогенез_нирки"><span id=".D0.95.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.8E.D1.86.D1.96.D1.8F_.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.B7_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Еволюція та онтогенез нирки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Еволюція та онтогенез нирки" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>У <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Зародок">зародків</a> (<a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Личинка">личинок</a>) <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хребетні">хребетних</a> спочатку утворюється головна нирка, або <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пронефрос">пронефрос</a>. Риси будови такої нирки у дорослих особин зберігаються лише у <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Міноги">міног</a>. У зародків первинноназемних тварин (<a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Амніоти">амніотів</a>) спочатку закладається <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Протонефрос (ще не написана)">протонефрос</a>, потім закладаються тулубові нирки (<a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Мезонефрос">мезонефрос</a>) та виникає <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вольфів канал">вольфів</a> і <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Мюллерів канал">мюллерів</a> канали. Однак у другій половині зародкового розвитку у тазовій області утворюються канальці вторинної, або тазової нирки (<a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Метанефрос">метанефрос</a>). Мезонефрос функціює протягом усього життя у <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Круглороті">круглоротих</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Риби">риб</a> та <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Земноводні">земноводних</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Будова_та_функціювання_нирок"><span id=".D0.91.D1.83.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.B0_.D1.84.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.BA.D1.86.D1.96.D1.8E.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BA"></span>Будова та функціювання нирок</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Будова та функціювання нирок" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Нирки складаються з мільйонів мікроскопічних капілярних ниркових клубочків та канальців. За 1 хвилину через нирки проходить 1200 мл <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кров">крові</a>, яка фільтрується в клубочках, після чого в канальцях вибірково всмоктується назад вода та інші речовини. Робота нирок залежить від часу доби — вночі сповільнюється, положення тіла — в горизонтальному посилюється, кров'яного тиску. У нормі за добу виділяється 1,5 л <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сеча">сечі</a>.</p> <p>Структура тканини нирки має особливу будову, тому належить до паренхіматозних органів.</p> <p><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нефрон">Нефрон</a> — це структурно-функціональна одиниця нирки, що складається з системи звивистих і прямих епітеліальних канальців, які починаються від кожного ниркового тільця.<br><b>Нефрон</b> включає:</p> <ul> <li>капсулу Шумлянського-Боумена</li> <li>проксимальний звивистий і прямий канальці</li> <li>тонкий каналець</li> <li>дистальний прямий і звивистий канальці</li> </ul> <p><b>Ниркове тільце</b> — це судинний клубочок разом з капсулою Шумлянського-Боумена. Залежно від локалізації і особливостей будови нефрони бувають кіркові й юкстамедулярні. Кіркові своєю чергою поділяються на короткі — 1 %, які цілком занурені в кіркову речовину і проміжні — 80 %, це петлі, які спускаються у зовнішню зону мозкової речовини. Юкстамедулярні нефрони становлять 20 %, вони дуже довгі і глибоко сягають мозкової речовини.</p> <p><b><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ендокринний комплекс нирки (ще не написана)">Ендокринний комплекс нирки</a></b> містить такі види клітин:</p> <ul> <li>юкстагломерулярні клітини — розташовані під ендотелієм і стінці приносної і виносної артеріол, овальної форми, у цитоплазмі є гранули реніну — що виділяються у кров, ренін сприяє підвищенню кров'яного тиску.</li> <li>клітини щільної плями — лежать біля ниркового тільця, між приносною і виносною артеріолами, не мають базальних складок, особливістю базальної мембрани є те, що вона утворює розчеплення між якими лежать відростки юкставаскулярних клітин, це сприяє контакту між цими клітинами, що необхідно для регуляції синтезу реніну і запобіганню вилущуванню клітин щільної плями. Ці клітини реагують на зміну концентрації натрію в сечі.</li> <li>юкставаскулярні клітини — розташовані в ділянці судинного полюса ниркового тільця, вважають, що вони продукують ренін, а також еритропоетин.</li> <li>інтерстиційні клітини — мезенхімального походження, розташовані у стромі мозкових пірамід. Продукують <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Простагландини">простагландини</a>, які знижують кров'яний тиск.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Фізіологія_ниркової_системи"><span id=".D0.A4.D1.96.D0.B7.D1.96.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.96.D1.8F_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.97_.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B8"></span>Фізіологія ниркової системи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Фізіологія ниркової системи" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r43693357">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style> <table class="box-Розширити_розділ plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> Цей розділ <b>потребує</b> <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%26action%3Dedit"><b>доповнення</b></a>. <span class="date-container"><small><i>(<span class="date">червень 2016</span>)</i></small></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Захворювання"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8E.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F"></span>Захворювання</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Захворювання" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Захворювання нирок поділяють на запальні (виникають після <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Застуда">застуди</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стрептококовий фарингіт">стрептококових уражень ротоглотки</a>, внаслідок безпосереднього попадання збудників у сечовивідні шляхи — <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Інфекція сечових шляхів">інфекція сечових шляхів</a>) та незапальні — внаслідок <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Артеріальна гіпертензія">артеріальної гіпертензії</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Цукровий діабет">цукрового діабету</a>, порушень обміну речовин, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Аномалії розвитку (ще не написана)">аномалії розвитку</a> (наприклад, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Підковоподібна нирка">підковоподібна нирка</a>).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Запальні_захворювання"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.96_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8E.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F"></span>Запальні захворювання</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Запальні захворювання" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Запальні захворювання">Запальні захворювання</a> нирок (<a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гломерулонефрит">гломерулонефрит</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пієлонефрит">пієлонефрит</a>) виникають через кілька тижнів після застуди, стрептококового фарингіту, переохолодження тощо; можуть супроводжуватись такими скаргами — біль у попереку, підвищення температури, порушення сечовиділення, загальна слабкість. Можуть з'явитися набряки, підвищення артеріального тиску. Якщо з'являються такі скарги необхідно здати <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%96?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клінічний аналіз сечі">клінічний аналіз сечі</a>, звернутися до дільничного терапевта. Ураження нирок запального характеру також відбуваються в перебігу деяких <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Інфекційні захворювання">інфекційних хвороб</a> — <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Геморагічна гарячка з нирковим синдромом">геморагічній гарячці з нирковим синдромом</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Лептоспіроз">лептоспірозі</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0,_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8E%D1%94_%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%95%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хвороба, яку спричинює вірус Ебола">хворобі, яку спричинює вірус Ебола</a> тощо.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Незапальні_захворювання"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.96_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8E.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F"></span>Незапальні захворювання</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Незапальні захворювання" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Незапальні <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Захворювання нирок">захворювання нирок</a> — нефропатії, тривали час можуть перебігати безсимптомно, але якщо не вживати заходів, прогресує порушення функції нирок. Тому хворим на <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Артеріальна гіпертонія">артеріальну гіпертонію</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Цукровий діабет">цукровий діабет</a> потрібно час від часу здавати клінічний аналіз сечі. При виявленні патологічних змін в аналізі необхідно проконсультуватись у <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нефрологія">нефролога</a>. Ураження нирок з ішемією їхньої паренхіми внаслідок спазму судин нирок відбувається при <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Шок">шоках</a>, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Колапс (медицина)">колапсі</a>.</p> <p>У жінок під час <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вагітність">вагітності</a> може порушуватись робота нирок внаслідок <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гестоз">гестозу</a>: виникати запальні процеси, підвищення артеріального тиску, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Набряк">набряки</a>, виділення <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Білок">білка</a> з сечею. Внаслідок падіння внутрішньочеревного тиску після пологів може розвиватись надмірна рухомість нирки — так звана, <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Блукаюча нирка">блукаюча нирка</a>. Тому після <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пологи">пологів</a> необхідно пройти обстеження у дільничного <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Терапевт">терапевта</a> або нефролога.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Див._також"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B8.D0.B2._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B6"></span>Див. також</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Див. також" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Канальцево-клубочковий механізм">Канальцево-клубочковий механізм</a></li> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нефрон">Нефрон</a></li> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пієлонефрит">Пієлонефрит</a></li> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гломерулонефрит">Гломерулонефрит</a></li> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Всесвітній день нирки">Всесвітній день нирки</a></li> <li><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полікістоз нирок">Полікістоз нирок</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Примітки"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D1.96.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Примітки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Примітки" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r43816068">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Наумов Н. П., Карташев Н. Н. Зоология позвоночных. — М. : Высш. школа, 1979. — Т. 1. — 333 с.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Джерела"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B6.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B0"></span>Джерела</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Джерела" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li>Головацький А. С., Черкасов В. Г., Сапін М. Р., Федонюк Я. І. Анатомія людини (в 3-х кн.). — Вінниця: Нова Книга, 2006—2009. — 368+456+376 с. (С.?)</li> <li>Мицкан Б., Попель С., Федонюк Я. Функціональна анатомія. — К. : Навчальна книга — Богдан, 2007. — 552 с. — <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/9664080888?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 966-408-088-8</a>. (С.?)</li> <li>Внутрішня медицина: у 3-х т.: підручник /А. С. Свінціцький [та ін.] ; за ред. К. М. Амосова. — Київ: Медицина, Т. 2. — 2009. — 1087 с. <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/9789661000758?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-966-10-0075-8</a> (С.?)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Додаткова_література"><span id=".D0.94.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0_.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Додаткова література</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Додаткова література" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul> <li><span class="citation"><i>Наточин Юрий Викторович</i>. Основы физиологии <b>почки</b>. — Ленинград : «Медицина». Ленинградское отделение, 1982. — 208 с. — 7 000 прим.</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r43693355">.mw-parser-output .ref-info{font-size:85%;cursor:help;margin-left:0.2em;color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}</style><span title="російською мовою" class="ref-info">(рос.)</span></li> <li>Людина. / Навч. посібник з анатомії та фізіології. — Львів. 2002. — 240 с.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Посилання"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F"></span>Посилання</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редагувати розділ: Посилання" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ред.</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pharmencyclopedia.com.ua/article/1240/nirki">Нирки</a> <small>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425172029/http://www.pharmencyclopedia.com.ua/article/1240/nirki">Архівовано</a> 25 квітня 2016 у <a href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.]</small></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r43815798">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style> </div> </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Отримано з <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%26oldid%3D43887217">https://uk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Нирки&oldid=43887217</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://uk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="A.sav" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731531600"> <span>Останнє редагування: 13 листопада 2024, 21:00</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Мови</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nier" title="Nier — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A9%25E1%2588%258B%25E1%2588%258A%25E1%2589%25B5" title="ኩላሊት — амхарська" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኩላሊት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riny%25C3%25B3n" title="Rinyón — арагонська" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rinyón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2583%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="كلية — арабська" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%259F%25DC%2598%25DC%25A0%25DC%259D%25DC%25AC%25DC%2590" title="ܟܘܠܝܬܐ — арамейська" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܟܘܠܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%2583%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2595" title="বৃক্ক — асамська" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বৃক্ক" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%25C3%25B1%25C3%25B3n" title="Reñón — астурійська" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reñón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otetikosiw" title="Otetikosiw — атикамек" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Otetikosiw" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="атикамек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D1%258C%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0" title="Ургьисала — аварська" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Ургьисала" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25B6yr%25C9%2599k" title="Böyrək — азербайджанська" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Böyrək" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A4%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2585%25DB%258C" title="بؤیرک سیستمی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بؤیرک سیستمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bato_(anatomiya)" title="Bato (anatomiya) — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bato (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D1%258B%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Нырка — білоруська" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нырка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="білоруська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D1%258B%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Нырка — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нырка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginjel" title="Ginjel — бетаві" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ginjel" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="бетаві" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%258A%25D0%25B1%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="Бъбрек — болгарська" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бъбрек" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%25B7%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%258F%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ပွိုင်းဝွို့တောမ်ႏကျောက်ကပ် — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပွိုင်းဝွို့တောမ်ႏကျောက်ကပ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%2583%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2595" title="বৃক্ক — бенгальська" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বৃক্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BD%2581%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BC%258B" title="མཁལ་མ་ — тибетська" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མཁལ་མ་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lounezh" title="Lounezh — бретонська" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lounezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubreg" title="Bubreg — боснійська" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bubreg" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginjal" title="Ginjal — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ginjal" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rony%25C3%25B3" title="Ronyó — каталонська" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ronyó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25DB%2595" title="گورچیلە — центральнокурдська" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گورچیلە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledvina" title="Ledvina — чеська" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ledvina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чеська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D3%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5" title="Пӳре — чуваська" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пӳре" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aren" title="Aren — валлійська" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aren" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyre" title="Nyre — данська" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nyre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="данська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niere" title="Niere — німецька" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Niere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="німецька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%25C4%25B1k" title="Velık — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Velık" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%258E%25DE%25AA%25DE%2583%25DE%25AA%25DE%258B%25DE%25A7" title="ގުރުދާ — дивехі" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގުރުދާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивехі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259D%25CE%25B5%25CF%2586%25CF%2581%25CF%258C%25CF%2582" title="Νεφρός — грецька" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νεφρός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грецька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney — англійська" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kidney" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reno" title="Reno — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%25C3%25B1%25C3%25B3n" title="Riñón — іспанська" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Riñón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neerud" title="Neerud — естонська" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Neerud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giltzurrun" title="Giltzurrun — баскська" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Giltzurrun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2587" title="کلیه — перська" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="перська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munuainen" title="Munuainen — фінська" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Munuainen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauh" title="Rauh — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Rauh" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rein" title="Rein — французька" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rein" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%25C3%25A1n" title="Duán — ірландська" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Duán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren" title="Ren — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ren" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ril" title="Ril — галісійська" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ril" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitikiri%2527i" title="Pitikiri'i — гуарані" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pitikiri'i" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарані" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%25C3%25ACn" title="Shìn — хаккаська" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Shìn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хаккаська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259B%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%2594" title="כליה — іврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="गुर्दा — гінді" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गुर्दा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="гінді" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubreg" title="Bubreg — хорватська" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bubreg" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren" title="Ren — гаїтянська креольська" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ren" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаїтянська креольська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vese" title="Vese — угорська" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vese" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="угорська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B4" title="Երիկամ — вірменська" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երիկամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="вірменська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B4" title="Երիկամ — Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Երիկամ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren_(organo)" title="Ren (organo) — інтерлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ren (organo)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтерлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginjal" title="Ginjal — індонезійська" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ginjal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="індонезійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reno" title="Reno — ідо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Reno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ідо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25BDra" title="Nýra — ісландська" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nýra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rene" title="Rene — італійська" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2585%258E%25E8%2587%2593" title="腎臓 — японська" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="腎臓" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginjel" title="Ginjel — яванська" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ginjel" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598" title="თირკმელი — грузинська" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თირკმელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tig%25E1%25BA%2593elt" title="Tigẓelt — кабільська" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tigẓelt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабільська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladibiye" title="Ladibiye — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ladibiye" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="Бүйрек — казахська" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бүйрек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%2582%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25A1" title="ಮೂತ್ರಪಿಂಡ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೂತ್ರಪಿಂಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25BD%25A9%25ED%258C%25A5" title="콩팥 — корейська" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콩팥" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DB%2584%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A4%25D9%25B9" title="بۄکؤٹ — кашмірська" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="بۄکؤٹ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмірська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gur%25C3%25A7ik" title="Gurçik — курдська" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gurçik" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D3%25A9%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BA" title="Бөйрөк — киргизька" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бөйрөк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren" title="Ren — латинська" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ren" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nier" title="Nier — люксембурзька" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембурзька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583" title="Ччарлу — Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ччарлу" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren" title="Ren — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ren" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neer_(orgaan)" title="Neer (orgaan) — лімбургійська" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Neer (orgaan)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лімбургійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BB%259D%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%2581%25E0%25BB%2584%25E0%25BA%2582%25E0%25BB%2588%25E0%25BA%25AB%25E0%25BA%25BC%25E0%25BA%25B1%25E0%25BA%2587" title="ໝາກໄຂ່ຫຼັງ — лаоська" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໝາກໄຂ່ຫຼັງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаоська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkstas" title="Inkstas — литовська" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Inkstas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добра стаття"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieres" title="Nieres — латиська" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nieres" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латиська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voa_(taovam-biby)" title="Voa (taovam-biby) — малагасійська" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Voa (taovam-biby)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B3" title="Бубрег — македонська" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бубрег" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B5%2583%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%2595" title="വൃക്ക — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൃക്ക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D3%25A9%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580" title="Бөөр — монгольська" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бөөр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2582%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="मूत्रपिंड — маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मूत्रपिंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D3%2593%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D3%25B9" title="Вӓргӹ — Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Вӓргӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buah_pinggang" title="Buah pinggang — малайська" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Buah pinggang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilwa" title="Kilwa — мальтійська" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kilwa" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ကျောက်ကပ် — бірманська" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကျောက်ကပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бірманська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5_(%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581)" title="Пиче (рунгонь пелькс) — ерзя" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пиче (рунгонь пелькс)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ерзя" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25DA%25A9%25D9%2587" title="وکه — мазандеранська" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="وکه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A5%258C%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="मृगौला — непальська" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मृगौला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2582" title="जलासें — неварі" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जलासें" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bua" title="Bua — ніаська" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Bua" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="ніаська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nier_(biologie)" title="Nier (biologie) — нідерландська" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nier (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідерландська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyre" title="Nyre — норвезька (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвезька (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyre" title="Nyre — норвезька (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвезька (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren_(anatomia)" title="Ren (anatomia) — окситанська" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ren (anatomia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalee" title="Kalee — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kalee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25AC%25E0%25AD%2583%25E0%25AC%2595%25E0%25AD%258D%25E2%2580%258C%25E0%25AC%2595" title="ବୃକ୍‌କ — одія" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବୃକ୍‌କ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="одія" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2597%25E0%25A9%2581%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A6%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਗੁਰਦਾ — панджабі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੁਰਦਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batok" title="Batok — пангасінанська" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Batok" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="пангасінанська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu" title="Batu — пампанга" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Batu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerka" title="Nerka — польська" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nerka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25DB%2592" title="گردے — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گردے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25DA%259A%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9%25D9%258A" title="پښتورکي — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پښتورکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim" title="Rim — португальська" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasa_ruru" title="Wasa ruru — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wasa ruru" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinichi" title="Rinichi — румунська" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rinichi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Почка — російська" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Почка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="російська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="वृक्का — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वृक्का" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rene" title="Rene — сардинська" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rene" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rini" title="Rini — сицилійська" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Rini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилійська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neer" title="Neer — шотландська" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Neer" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DA%25AA%25D9%258A" title="بڪي — синдхі" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بڪي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubreg" title="Bubreg — сербсько-хорватська" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bubreg" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербсько-хорватська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tig%25E1%25BA%2593%25E1%25BA%2593lt" title="Tigẓẓlt — тачеліт" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tigẓẓlt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="тачеліт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B6%25A9%25E0%25B7%2594" title="වකුගඩු — сингальська" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වකුගඩු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kidney" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obli%25C4%258Dka" title="Oblička — словацька" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Oblička" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledvica" title="Ledvica — словенська" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ledvica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsvo" title="Itsvo — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Itsvo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veshka" title="Veshka — албанська" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Veshka" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B3" title="Бубрег — сербська" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бубрег" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphio" title="Diphio — південна сото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Diphio" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="південна сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabubuahan" title="Kabubuahan — сунданська" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kabubuahan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njure" title="Njure — шведська" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Njure" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figo" title="Figo — суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Figo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25B1%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="சிறுநீரகம் — тамільська" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிறுநீரகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B1%2582%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%2582%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B1%2581" title="మూత్రపిండము — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మూత్రపిండము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Гурда — таджицька" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гурда" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджицька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B9%2584%25E0%25B8%2595" title="ไต — тайська" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bato_(anatomiya)" title="Bato (anatomiya) — тагальська" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bato (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагальська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25B6brek" title="Böbrek — турецька" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Böbrek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D3%25A9%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Бөер — татарська" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D2%25AF%25D2%25AF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA" title="Бүүрек — тувинська" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Бүүрек" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувинська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DB%2586%25D8%25B1%25DB%2595%25D9%2583" title="بۆرەك — уйгурська" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۆرەك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25DB%2581" title="گردہ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گردہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyrak" title="Buyrak — узбецька" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buyrak" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбецька" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rene" title="Rene — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Rene" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%25E1%25BA%25ADn" title="Thận — вʼєтнамська" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thận" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вʼєтнамська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roin" title="Roin — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Roin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rno" title="Rno — валлонська" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rno" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinyon" title="Rinyon — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rinyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2582%25BE" title="肾 — китайська уська" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="肾" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="китайська уська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izintso" title="Izintso — кхоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Izintso" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="кхоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25AD%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25AD%25E1%2583%2590_(%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2592%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590)" title="ჭაჭა (ბიოლოგია) — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჭაჭა (ბიოლოგია)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8" title="ניר — їдиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ניר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="їдиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25ADnd%25C3%25ACnr%25C3%25ADn" title="Kíndìnrín — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kíndìnrín" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mak_(Iucij)" title="Mak (Iucij) — чжуан" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mak (Iucij)" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2585%258E" title="腎 — китайська" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="腎" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2585%258E" title="腎 — кантонська" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="腎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонська" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izinso" title="Izinso — зулуська" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Izinso" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуська" 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