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查看“︁意大利语”︁的源代码 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">查看“︁意大利语”︁的源代码</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="这篇条目只存在于此语言中。添加其他语言的条目" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">添加语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li 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</nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" 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id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E6%2584%258F%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%2588%25A9%25E8%25AF%25AD%26action%3Dedit"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E6%2584%258F%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%2588%25A9%25E8%25AF%25AD%26action%3Dedit"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q652" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">←<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="意大利语">意大利语</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>根据以下的原因,您并无权限去编辑该页面: </p> <ul class="permissions-errors"><li class="mw-permissionerror-blockedtext"> <table id="mw-blocked-text" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,rgba(0,0,0,0.4)); border-radius: 3px; width:100%; margin:0 auto 6px auto; padding: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin: 1.3em 0 1.3em 0;"><div style="font-size:1.6em; color:var(--color-error,rgba(221,51,51,1));"><b>您現在使用的IP地址目前不能編輯維基百科</b></div> <div style="text-align: center;"><div style="display: inline-block; padding: 0 2em; border-radius: 3px;"><b>您可以瀏覽頁面</b>,但不能編輯或建立頁面</div></div> </div> <div style="margin:auto; width:70%;"> <div style="text-align:justify;"> <p>目前,IP地址區段「<u>8.222.0.0/16</u>」已被Jimmy-abot<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLOCK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLOCK">封禁</a></b>,而您所使用的IP地址正位於被封禁的範圍內。該IP地址區段被封禁的 </p> <div style="margin:1em; background: var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0); padding:0.6em 2em; border:0px var(--border-color-notice,#666) solid; border-radius: 3px;" id="mw-blocked-text-reason"> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive--active,rgba(42,75,141,1))">封禁理由:</div> <div style="color: var(--color-error,rgba(221,51,51,1)); margin:0.5em 1em"> <table class="user-block" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); padding: 0.5em; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banned_proxys.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Banned_proxys.svg/50px-Banned_proxys.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Banned_proxys.svg/75px-Banned_proxys.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Banned_proxys.svg/100px-Banned_proxys.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>您正在使用的<a href="/wiki/IP%E4%BD%8D%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="IP位址">IP地址</a>被判定用于代理工具,因此这一IP已经被封禁。 <p>为防止破坏,<b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/No_open_proxies/zh" class="extiw" title="m:No open proxies/zh">维基媒体基金会禁止使用部分代理工具来编辑维基百科</a></b>。 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #AAA; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <p><b>为什么?</b> </p><p>您当前访问维基百科使用的IP被我们判定为代理(包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E7%A0%B4%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%A1%E6%9F%A5" title="突破网络审查">突破网络审查</a>)工具所使用的IP。因代理工具可以隐藏用户的真实IP,使破坏者可以以人工或程序对维基百科进行破坏,故禁止使用公共代理工具进行编辑。 </p><p><b>怎么办?</b> </p> <ul><li>直接访问维基百科,不经过代理服务。</li> <li>如果您在中国大陆而必须使用代理服务器,或是有特殊需要,请您 <span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock-zh/Blocked_proxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Unblock-zh/Blocked proxy"><span class="mw-ui-button mw-ui-progressive" role="button">使用网站</span></a></span> 或者 <span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IPBEMAIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:IPBEMAIL"><span class="mw-ui-button mw-ui-progressive" role="button">使用电邮</span></a></span> 申请IP封禁豁免。带有此权限的用户可以使用被封禁的代理编辑维基百科。</li> <li>如果您相信自己并未运行或使用代理,那很可能是因为上一个从<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E4%BE%9B%E5%BA%94%E5%95%86" title="互联网服务供应商">互联网服务供应商</a>分配到此IP地址的用户运行了代理。那么请在您的<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:讨论页">讨论页</a>使用{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Unblock" title="Template:Unblock">unblock</a>}}模板申请解除封禁。极少数情况下,您的网络设备或服务提供商可能未进行正确配置,或已被恶意软件(如病毒)入侵。</li> <li>您如果无法自行解决问题,可至<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93" title="Wikipedia:IRC聊天频道">IRC聊天频道</a>寻求其他编者的帮助。</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive--active,rgba(42,75,141,1))">這次封禁的結束時間是:<b>2025年7月23日 (三) 10:52 (<a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a>)</b></div> </div> <p>如您对此封禁有疑问或异议,您可以: </p> <div style="margin:1em; background: var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0); color: var(--color-progressive--active,rgba(42,75,141,1)); padding:0.6em 2em; border:0px var(--border-color-notice,#666 solid); border-radius: 3px;"> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.4em;"><b>网站申诉</b>:前往<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unblock-zh.org/new/zhwp">-{R|https://unblock-zh.org/new/zhwp}-</a>,如果您没有账户,请选择“无法创建账户”。如果您有账户,请选择“已有账户,但无法编辑”。在页面下方的“IP地址和IPBE”一节,请您选择“检测并提供我的IP地址信息,同时申请IPBE权限”。如果您使用代理/翻墙工具,请确保您开启全局模式,以保证我们获得您的准确IP信息。管理员将手工处理您的请求。</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.4em;"><b>邮件申诉</b>:将您的用户名和申诉理由写入电子邮件,发送至 <b><samp>unblock-zh<span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="@"><img alt="@" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nospam_at.svg/12px-Nospam_at.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nospam_at.svg/18px-Nospam_at.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nospam_at.svg/24px-Nospam_at.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span>lists.wikimedia.org</samp></b>。管理员将在收到邮件后考虑您的请求。请注意邮件发送可能会有延时,请勿重复多次发送。</div> <div class="user-show"><b>联络管理员</b>:聯絡<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%94%B5%E9%82%AE%E8%81%94%E7%B3%BB/Jimmy-abot" title="Special:电邮联系/Jimmy-abot">执行封禁的管理员Jimmy-abot</a>或者其他的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%91%98%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95#在任管理员" title="Wikipedia:管理员名单">管理員</a>,討論這次封禁。如果您希望使用「電郵用戶」功能聯絡管理員,請注意您必须已于您的<a href="/wiki/Special:%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE" title="Special:参数设置">参数设置</a>中設定了一個有效的電子郵件地址,并且在管理员执行封禁时没有被禁止发送电子邮件。</div></div> <p>您目前的IP地址是8.222.208.146,而該封鎖ID是#566341。請您在所有申訴中註明此IP地址及封鎖ID。 </p><p><br /> </p> <div style="height: 2em;"></div> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>您的IP地址属于已<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">在所有维基媒体基金会维基受到封禁</a>的地址段。</b> <p>封禁执行者是<a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">Jon Kolbert</a>。封禁原因是<i><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </i>。 </p> <ul><li>封禁开始时间:2023年8月27日 (日) 15:12</li> <li>封禁期满时间:2028年8月27日 (日) 15:12</li></ul> <p>您当前的IP地址是8.222.208.146。封禁的地址段是8.222.128.0/17。 </p> 请在进行咨询时提供上面所有详情。如果您认为您受到错误封禁,您可以在<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">禁止公开代理</a>全域方针里找到更多信息和说明。您也可以<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">到元维基发布复查申请</a>讨论该封禁。您还可以给<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">监管员</a><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a>队列(<kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd>)发送提供上面所有详情的电子邮件。</li></ul><hr /> <p>您可以查看和复制此页面的源代码。 </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="zh" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{多個問題| {{WP|语言}} {{Refimprove|time=2019-12-15T14:22:56+00:00}} {{Expert needed|subject=语言学|time=2023-09-03T11:42:47+00:00}} }} {{NoteTA |G1=Linguistics |G2=意大利地名 |1 =zh-cn:意大利;zh-tw:義大利;zh-hk:意大利 }} {{Infobox language | name = 意大利语 | nativename = ''Italiano, lingua italiana'' | pronunciation = {{IPA-it|itaˈljaːno|}} | states =[[亚平宁半岛]]及[[斯洛文尼亚]][[伊斯特拉半岛]] 。<br />{{flag|Italy|name=意大利}}<br />{{flag|梵蒂冈}}<br />{{flag|瑞士}}({{flag|Ticino}})<br />{{flag|圣马力诺}}<br />{{SMOM}} | region = [[斯洛文尼亚沿海地区]] ( {{flag|斯洛文尼亚}} )<br />[[伊斯特拉县]] ( {{flag|克罗地亚}} ) |speakers = [[欧洲联盟成员国|歐盟成員國]]共有6,500萬[[母語]]使用者<ref name="europa2006">{{PDFlink|[http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_sum_en.pdf Eurobarometer – Europeans and their languages]|485&nbsp;KB}}, February 2006</ref> |speakers2 =8,500萬人([[母語|第一]]及[[第二語言]])<ref name="Italian language">{{cite web |url=http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/modern-languages/lal/languages%20at%20lal/italian |title=Italian — University of Leicester |publisher=.le.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2015-10-22 |archive-date=2014-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502004444/http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/modern-languages/lal/languages%20at%20lal/italian |dead-url=no }}</ref> |dateprefix= |date = 2012 |ref = e18 | familycolor = Indo-European | fam2 = [[意大利语族]] | fam3 = [[拉丁语族]] | fam4 = 意大利 - 达尔马提亚语 | fam5 = [[托斯卡纳方言]] | script = 拉丁字母<br />意大利盲文 | sign = ''意大利语'' "Signed Italian"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdila.it/cds/Index?q=object/detail&p=_system_cms_node/_a_ID/_v_33 |title=Centro documentazione per l'integrazione |publisher=Cdila.it |date= |accessdate=2015-10-22 |archive-date=2016-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101035439/http://www.cdila.it/cds/Index?q=object%2Fdetail&p=_system_cms_node%2F_a_ID%2F_v_33 |dead-url=no }}</ref> <br />''italiano segnato esatto'' "Signed Exact Italian"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdila.it/cds/Index?q=object/detail&p=_system_cms_node/_a_ID/_v_37 |title=Centro documentazione per l'integrazione |publisher=Cdila.it |date= |accessdate=2015-10-22 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201303/http://www.cdila.it/cds/Index?q=object%2Fdetail&p=_system_cms_node%2F_a_ID%2F_v_37 |dead-url=no }}</ref> | nation = {{flag|Italy|name=意大利}}<br />{{flag|San Marino}}<br />{{flag|Switzerland}}<br />{{flag|Vatican City}}<br />{{flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}<br />''{{flag|European Union}}'' | minority = {{Flag|Croatia}}<br />{{flag|Slovenia}} | agency = 德拉克鲁斯卡艺术学院 (''[[de facto]]'') | iso1 = it | iso2 = ita | iso3 = ita | glotto = ital1282 | glottorefname = Italian | lingua = 51-AAA-q | notice = IPA | map = [[File:Linguistic map of the Italian language.svg|310px]] | mapcaption = 在世界上的意大利语言的地理分布:意大利语的社区以绿色显示;淡蓝色表示的地方在殖民时期官方为意大利语但目前已经消亡 |fam1=印歐语系}} '''意大利语'''({{lang|it|Italiano}}),中文也简称为'''-{zh:意;zh-hans:意;zh-hant:意;zh-hk:意;zh-mo:意;zh-tw:義;}-语''',隸屬於[[印欧语系]]的[[羅曼語族]]。现有7千万人日常用意大利语,大多是[[意大利]]居民。另有28个国家使用意大利语,其中4个立它为官方语言。标准意大利语源自於[[托斯卡納語]]中的佛羅倫斯方言,发音处于意大利中北部方言之间。标准音近来稍微加进了经济较为发达的[[米兰]]地区口音。在作曲領域中,亦使用為數不少的意大利文字詞。意大利语和[[拉丁语]]一样,有[[輔音延長|长辅音]]。其他的罗曼语族语言如[[西班牙语]]、[[法语]]已无长辅音。 == 地理分布 == {{Main|意大利語地理分佈}} 意大利語是[[意大利]]、[[聖馬利諾]]的官方語言,也為[[瑞士]][[官方語言]]之一,在瑞士主要集中在[[提契諾州]]和[[格劳宾登州]]。意大利語亦是[[梵蒂岡]]的第二種官方語言,在[[斯洛文尼亞]]和[[克羅地亞]],被一些[[意大利裔]]少數族群使用,並在[[摩納哥]]廣泛應用和教學。於[[科西嘉島]]、[[薩伏依]]和[[尼斯]](歷史上被法國吞併前講意大利語的地方)的部分地區亦能夠被理解。另外,在[[阿爾巴尼亞]]亦有所應用。 [[意大利]]在[[非洲]]的前[[殖民地]](例如:[[利比亞]]、[[索馬里]]和[[厄立特里亞]]),都有一些人說意大利語,但人数正不斷下降。[[厄立特里亞]]在被殖民期間,意大利語是教學語言。至1997年,只餘一所意大利語言學院。 意大利語和意大利語方言由意大利移民和其後裔廣泛使用。在西歐,主要分佈在[[盧森堡]]、[[德國]]、[[英國]]和[[比利時]],另外則有[[美國]]、[[加拿大]]、[[澳洲]]和[[拉丁美洲]](特別是[[烏拉圭]]、[[巴西]]、[[阿根廷]]以及[[委內瑞拉]]这些意大利移民多的国家)。 在[[美國]],意大利語主要在[[波士頓]]、[[芝加哥]]、[[紐約]]和[[費城]]四個城市中使用。而在[[加拿大]],意大利語的社區主要集中在[[蒙特利爾]]和[[多倫多]]。此外,由于意大利移民多的缘故,意大利語是澳洲第二多人使用的外语。 {{Alphabet it}} == 發音 == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+辅音音素 |- ! width=22% | ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[双唇音]] ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[唇齿音]] ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[齿音]]/<br />[[齿龈音]] ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[齒齦後音|齿龈后音]] ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[硬腭音]] ! colspan=2 width=13% | [[软腭音]] |- ! [[鼻音 (辅音)|鼻音]] |style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|m}} | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|n}} | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|&nbsp;||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|ɲ|ɲː}} | colspan=2 | |- ! [[塞音]] |style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|p}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|b}} | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|t̪|t}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|d̪|d}} | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|k}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|ɡ}} |- ! [[塞擦音]] | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|t͡s||style="border-left: 0;"|d̪͡z̪ |style="border-right: 0;"|t͡ʃ||style="border-left: 0;"|d͡ʒ | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |- ! [[擦音]] | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|f}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|v}} |style="border-right: 0;"|s̪||style="border-left: 0;"|z̪ |style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|ʃ|ʃː}}||style="border-left: 0;"| | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |- ! [[近音]] | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|&nbsp;||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|j}} |style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|w}} |- ! [[边音]] | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|l}} | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"|&nbsp;||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|ʎ|ʎː}} | colspan=2 | |- ! [[颤音 (语音学)|颤音]] | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|r}} | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | | colspan=2 | |} == 语法 == {{main|意大利语语法}} == 詞彙 == {| class="wikitable" ! 英語 || 意語 || 中文 |- ||{{lang|en|Italian}} || {{lang|it|''italiano''}}|| 意大利語 |- ||{{lang|en|English}} || {{lang|it|''inglese''}}|| 英語 |- ||{{lang|en|Spanish}} || {{lang|it|''spagnolo''}}|| 西班牙語 |- ||{{lang|en|Yes}} || {{lang|it|''Sì''}}|| 是/對 |- ||{{lang|en|No}} || {{lang|it|''No''}}|| 不是/不對 |- ||{{lang|en|Of course!}} || {{lang|it|''Certo!''}} / {{lang|it|Certamente!}} / {{lang|it|''Naturalmente!''}}|| 當然 |- ||{{lang|en|Hello!}} || {{lang|it|''Ciao!''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Salve!''}}(正式)|| 你好!/您好! |- ||{{lang|en|How are you?}} || {{lang|it|''Come stai?''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Come sta?''}}(正式)/ {{lang|it|''Come state?''}}(复数)/ {{lang|it|''Come va?''}}(通常用) || 你好吗?/您好吗?/你们好吗?/你怎样? |- ||{{lang|en|Good morning!}} || {{lang|it|''Buongiorno!''}}|| 早上好 |- ||{{lang|en|Good afternoon!}} || {{lang|it|''Buon pomeriggio!''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Buonasera!''}}(正式)|| 下午好 |- ||{{lang|en|Good evening!}} || {{lang|it|''Buonasera!''}}|| 晚上好 |- ||{{lang|en|Good night!}} || {{lang|it|''Buonanotte!''}}|| 晚安 |- ||{{lang|en|I love you!}} || {{lang|it|''Ti amo!''}}(仅情侣之间)/ {{lang|it|''Ti voglio bene!''}}(朋友或其他人之间)|| 我愛你 |- ||{{lang|en|Welcome [to...]}} || {{lang|it|''Benvenuto/-i''}}(用于男性或男女混合)/ {{lang|it|''Benvenuta/-e''}}(用于女性) {{lang|it|[''a / in...'']}}|| 歡迎 |- ||{{lang|en|Goodbye!}} || {{lang|it|''Ciao!''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Arrivederci!''}}(正式)|| 再見 |- ||{{lang|en|Thank you!}} || {{lang|it|''Grazie!''}}(通常用)/ {{lang|it|''Ti ringrazio!''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''La ringrazio!''}}(正式)/ {{lang|it|''Vi ringrazio!''}}(复数) || 多謝 |- ||{{lang|en|I'm sorry}} || {{lang|it|''Mi dispiace''}}(通常用) {{lang|it|''/ Scusa(mi)''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Mi scusi''}}(非正式)/ {{lang|it|''Scusatemi''}}(复数)/ {{lang|it|''Sono desolato''}}(用于男性)/ {{lang|it|''Sono desolata''}}(用于女性)|| 對不起 |- ||{{lang|en|Who?}} || {{lang|it|''Chi?''}}|| 誰? |- ||{{lang|en|What?}} || {{lang|it|''Che cosa?''}} / {{lang|it|''Cosa?''}} / {{lang|it|''Che?''}}|| 什麼? |- ||{{lang|en|When?}} || {{lang|it|''Quando?''}}|| 何時? |- ||{{lang|en|Where?}} || {{lang|it|''Dove?''}}|| 哪裡? |- ||{{lang|en|Why?}} || {{lang|it|''Perché?''}}|| 為什麼? |- ||{{lang|en|How?}} || {{lang|it|''Come?''}}|| 如何? |- ||{{lang|en|How much?}} / {{lang|en|How many?}} || {{lang|it|''Quanto?''}} / {{lang|it|''Quanta?''}} / {{lang|it|''Quanti?''}} / {{lang|it|''Quante?''}}|| 有多少? |- ||{{lang|en|I do not understand.}} || {{lang|it|''Non capisco.''}} / {{lang|it|''Non ho capito.''}}|| 我不明白。 |- ||{{lang|en|Yes, I understand.}} || {{lang|it|''Sì, capisco.''}} / {{lang|it|''Ho capito.''}}|| 是,我明白。 |- ||{{lang|en|What time is it?}} || {{lang|it|''Che ora è?''}} / {{lang|it|''Che ore sono?''}}|| 現在几点了? |- ||{{lang|en|I don't understand Italian.}} || {{lang|it|''Non capisco l'italiano.''}} / {{lang|it|''Non comprendo l'italiano.''}}|| 我不懂意語。 |} ==意大利語與西班牙語的比較 == 意大利語與[[西班牙語]]是非常近似的語言,均属于[[印欧语系]][[罗曼语族]]。它们的[[發音|发音]]與[[构词法]]不但相近,而且词汇與語法也有众多相近之處;但西班牙語和義大利語的使用者在没有经过特别地学习地情况下不具备完全的[[相互理解性]]。 西班牙語與意大利語的发音的區别大致如下: === 發音的區別<!-- 此处可能存在一些问题,请会意大利语的编辑协助编辑。 -->=== *意大利語中 {{lang|it|ch}} 在 {{lang|it|i}} 或 {{lang|it|e}} 前,發音為/[[清軟顎塞音|k]]/(類似[[英語]]的{{lang|en|'''c'''at}}的音);而西班牙語則發為/[[清顎齦塞擦音|tʃ]]/(類似[[英語]]的'''ch'''at的音)。 *意大利語中 {{lang|it|c}} 若碰到 {{lang|it|i}} 或 {{lang|it|e}} 的話,發音為/[[清顎齦塞擦音|tʃ]]/;西班牙語則是發/[[清齒擦音|θ]]/ (類似英語{{lang|en|'''th'''ing}}的音)。 *意大利語中的 {{lang|it|g}} 碰到 {{lang|it|i}} 或 {{lang|it|e}} 的話,發音是/[[濁顎齦塞擦音|dʒ]]/(類似[[英語]]的{{lang|en|'''j'''ar}}的音);而西班牙語則是/[[清軟腭擦音|x]]/。 *意大利語中 {{lang|it|qu}}/{{lang|it|gu}} 發音時要考慮 {{lang|it|u}} 而發為/ku/及/gu/;西班牙語則僅發為/[[清軟腭塞音|k]]/及/[[濁軟顎塞音|g]]/。若西班牙文要表示/ku/或/gu/的发音,[[加泰罗尼亚语]]則需以在 qu/gu 的 u 上方加上[[分音符]]([[分音符|◌̈]]),西班牙语则用{{lang|es|cu}}表示,而意大利文沒有使用這個符號。 *意大利語中 {{lang|it|gli}} 的 {{lang|it|gl}} 要發/[[硬顎邊音|ʎ]]/音;西班牙語則用 {{lang|es|ll}} 來表示同樣的聲音。 *意大利語的清音 {{lang|it|z}} 發/[[清齒齦塞擦音|ts]]/音;西班牙語則是發/[[清齒擦音|θ]]/ 。 *意大利語中有加[[重音符]]的[[元音]]標記為「{{lang|it|à/è/ì/ò/ù}}」;西班牙語則是「{{lang|es|á/é/í/ó/ú}}」。 *意大利語的 {{lang|it|gn}} 發音是/[[硬顎鼻音|ɲ]]/;西班牙語則是用 {{lang|es|ñ}} 這個字母來表記。 *意大利語的 {{lang|it|sci}}/{{lang|it|sce}} 發音為/[[清顎齦擦音|ʃ]]/;西班牙語無此音。 *意大利語的 {{lang|it|ll}} 發音与一個 {{lang|it|l}} 沒有區別(除了輔音長短的區別外);而西班牙語{{lang|es|ll}}則是發/[[硬顎邊音|ʎ]]/的音。 *意大利語與西班牙語常用 k、w 來表記外来語。{{lang|it|j}}、{{lang|it|x}}、{{lang|it|y}} 一般是意大利語表記外来語的,而在西班牙語中的[[固有詞|固有词]]卻是頻繁使用的。 ==註釋== {{reflist}} ==文献== * {{cite book |last=Berloco |first=Fabrizio |year=2018 |title=The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition |publisher=Lengu |ISBN=9788894034813 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=DYynDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false |ref=ff2018 |access-date=2019-10-30 |archive-date=2020-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320053611/https://books.google.it/books?id=DYynDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false |dead-url=no }} * {{cite book|last=Palermo |first=Massimo |year=2015 |title=Linguistica italiana |url=https://archive.org/details/linguisticaitali0000pale |publisher=Il Mulino |ISBN=9788815258847 |ref=palermo2015}} * {{cite book|first=Simone |last=Raffaele |year=2010 |title=Enciclopedia dell'italiano |publisher=Treccani |ISBN= |ref=simone}} == 外部链接 == {{InterWiki|code=it}} {{WikisourceWiki|code=it}} {{Sister project links|wikt=Category:意大利语|b=意大利语|q=no|s=no|c=Category:Italian language|n=no|voy=意大利语会话手册|v=no|species=no|m=no|mw=no}} * {{DMOZ|Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural/Indo-European/Italic/Romance/Italian/}} * [[:wikt:Appendix:Italian Swadesh list|Swadesh list in English and Italian]] * [[:wikiquote:Italian proverbs|Italian proverbs]] * {{cite web| url= http://www.theitaliantutor.blogspot.com| title= 義大利文家教老師| accessdate= 2020-10-10| archive-date= 2020-08-15| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200815054724/http://theitaliantutor.blogspot.com/| dead-url= no}} * "[http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/italian/ Learn Italian] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/italian/ |date=20160911092404 }}," ''[[BBC]]'' * {{cite web| url= http://www.italian.org.cn| title= 列奥纳多·达芬奇学校| accessdate= 2020-10-10| archive-date= 2020-07-22| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200722061326/http://www.italian.org.cn/| dead-url= no}} * [https://www.polidesign.com.tw/learning-italian/ 義大利文的語言特色] {{Wayback|url=https://www.polidesign.com.tw/learning-italian/ |date=20210920011312 }} {{羅曼語族}} {{歐盟官方語言}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:義大利語| ]] [[Category:罗曼语族]] [[Category:義大利語言]] [[Category:瑞士语言]] 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