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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans">资助维基百科</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"> 创建账号</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"> 登录</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息">了解详情</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y">贡献</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概覽" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概覽"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 概覽 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-概覽-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关概覽子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-概覽-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-原子序数" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#原子序数"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 原子序数 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-原子序数-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-質量數" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#質量數"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 質量數 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-質量數-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-同位素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#同位素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 同位素 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-同位素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-原子量" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#原子量"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 原子量 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-原子量-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-同素异形体" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#同素异形体"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 同素异形体 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-同素异形体-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元素性質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元素性質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 元素性質 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元素性質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-一般性質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般性質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.1 一般性質 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般性質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-物質狀態" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物質狀態"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.2 物質狀態 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-物質狀態-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-熔點及沸點" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#熔點及沸點"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.3 熔點及沸點 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-熔點及沸點-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-密度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#密度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.4 密度 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-密度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晶體結構" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晶體結構"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.5 晶體結構 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晶體結構-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-放射性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#放射性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.6 放射性 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-放射性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-存在狀況及來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#存在狀況及來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7.7 存在狀況及來源 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-存在狀況及來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-週期表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#週期表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 週期表 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-週期表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-命名法及符號" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#命名法及符號"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 命名法及符號 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-命名法及符號-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关命名法及符號子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-命名法及符號-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-元素名稱詞源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元素名稱詞源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 元素名稱詞源 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元素名稱詞源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元素符號" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元素符號"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 元素符號 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元素符號-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-命名争议和區域政治" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#命名争议和區域政治"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 命名争议和區域政治 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-命名争议和區域政治-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中文命名法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中文命名法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 中文命名法 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中文命名法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-已發現的118個元素列表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#已發現的118個元素列表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 已發現的118個元素列表 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-已發現的118個元素列表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-起源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#起源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 起源 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-起源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-蘊藏量" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蘊藏量"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 蘊藏量 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蘊藏量-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 歷史 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歷史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关歷史子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-定義的演變" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定義的演變"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 定義的演變 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-定義的演變-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早期的定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早期的定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 早期的定義 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早期的定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化學定義及原子定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學定義及原子定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.2 化學定義及原子定義 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學定義及原子定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-許多元素的發現及認可" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#許多元素的發現及認可"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 許多元素的發現及認可 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-許多元素的發現及認可-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-近來發現的元素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#近來發現的元素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 近來發現的元素 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-近來發現的元素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 参见 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 參考文獻 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 外部連結 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">化學元素</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。181种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-181" aria-hidden="true" > 181种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drah_kimia" title="Drah kimia – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Drah kimia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiese_element" title="Chemiese element – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemiese element" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisches_Element" title="Chemisches Element – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chemisches Element" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%A8_%E1%8A%90%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD" title="ንጥረ ነገር – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ንጥረ ነገር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_quimico" title="Elemento quimico – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Elemento quimico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93afodgesceaft" title="Hēafodgesceaft – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hēafodgesceaft" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="रासायनिक तत्त्व – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रासायनिक तत्त्व" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="عنصر كيميائي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عنصر كيميائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A" title="عنصر كيماوي – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عنصر كيماوي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%89" title="عنصر كيماوى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عنصر كيماوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2" title="ৰাসায়নিক মৌল – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাসায়নিক মৌল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementu_qu%C3%ADmicu" title="Elementu químicu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elementu químicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimy%C9%99vi_element" title="Kimyəvi element – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimyəvi element" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA" title="شیمیایی المنت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیمیایی المنت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химик элемент – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Химик элемент" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu_kimia" title="Datu kimia – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Datu kimia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem%C4%97nis_elements" title="Kemėnis elements – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kemėnis elements" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementong_kimikal" title="Elementong kimikal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Elementong kimikal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хімічны элемент – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічны элемент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хімічны элемэнт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хімічны элемэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химичен елемент – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химичен елемент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="रासायनिक तत्व – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रासायनिक तत्व" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemen_blong_Kemistri" title="Elemen blong Kemistri – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Elemen blong Kemistri" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဒြပ်စင် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဒြပ်စင်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="মৌলিক পদার্থ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মৌলিক পদার্থ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfenn_gimiek" title="Elfenn gimiek – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Elfenn gimiek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijski_element" title="Hemijski element – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemijski element" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химиин элемент – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Химиин элемент" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_qu%C3%ADmic" title="Element químic – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Element químic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%A1-h%C5%8Fk_ngu%C3%B2ng-s%C3%B3" title="Huá-hŏk nguòng-só – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huá-hŏk nguòng-só" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento" title="Elemento – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Elemento" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AE%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="توخمی کیمیایی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="توخمی کیمیایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himiyaviy_element" title="Himiyaviy element – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Himiyaviy element" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%BD_prvek" title="Chemický prvek – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemický prvek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химилле элемент – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Химилле элемент" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfen_gemegol" title="Elfen gemegol – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elfen gemegol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundstof" title="Grundstof – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grundstof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisches_Element" title="Chemisches Element – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemisches Element" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF" title="Χημικό στοιχείο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημικό στοιχείο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical element" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_elemento" title="Kemia elemento – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemia elemento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Elemento químico – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elemento químico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_element" title="Keemiline element – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemiline element" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementu_kimiko" title="Elementu kimiko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elementu kimiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementu_qu%C3%ADmicu" title="Elementu químicu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Elementu químicu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="عنصر شیمیایی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عنصر شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkuaine" title="Alkuaine – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alkuaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_element" title="Keemiline element – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Keemiline element" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumevni" title="Frumevni – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Frumevni" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ment_chimique" title="Élément chimique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élément chimique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_chimic" title="Element chimic – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Element chimic" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemint_(skiekunde)" title="Elemint (skiekunde) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elemint (skiekunde)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAil_cheimiceach" title="Dúil cheimiceach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dúil cheimiceach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="元素 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="元素" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9man_chimik" title="Éléman chimik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Éléman chimik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eileamaid_cheimigeach" title="Eileamaid cheimigeach – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eileamaid cheimigeach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Elemento químico – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Elemento químico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%E1%BB%B9i_Kimi_rehegua" title="Apỹi Kimi rehegua – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Apỹi Kimi rehegua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5" title="તત્ત્વ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તત્ત્વ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunstoo" title="Bunstoo – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bunstoo" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa-ho%CC%8Dk_ngi%C3%A8n-su" title="Fa-ho̍k ngièn-su – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fa-ho̍k ngièn-su" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumumea_kemikala" title="Kumumea kemikala – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kumumea kemikala" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99" title="יסוד כימי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יסוד כימי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="रासायनिक तत्व – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक तत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasaenik_element" title="Rasaenik element – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rasaenik element" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijski_element" title="Kemijski element – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijski element" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleman_chimik" title="Eleman chimik – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Eleman chimik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elem" title="Kémiai elem – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kémiai elem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Քիմիական տարրեր – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիական տարրեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Քիմիական Տարրեր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Քիմիական Տարրեր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_chimic" title="Elemento chimic – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Elemento chimic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unsur kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimic_element" title="Chimic element – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Chimic element" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiko_nga_elemento" title="Kimiko nga elemento – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kimiko nga elemento" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemial_elemento" title="Kemial elemento – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kemial elemento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumefni" title="Frumefni – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frumefni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_chimico" title="Elemento chimico – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elemento chimico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="元素 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="元素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimikal_eliment" title="Kimikal eliment – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kimikal eliment" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/selratni" title="selratni – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="selratni" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anasir_kimiah" title="Anasir kimiah – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Anasir kimiah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ქიმიური ელემენტი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმიური ელემენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aferdis_akruran" title="Aferdis akruran – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aferdis akruran" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Химиялық элементтер – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химиялық элементтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8" title="ធាតុគីមី – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ធាតុគីមី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%81" title="ಮೂಲಧಾತು – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೂಲಧಾತು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%86%8C_(%ED%99%94%ED%95%99)" title="원소 (화학) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원소 (화학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8E%D9%86_%D8%AA%DB%84%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="رساێن تۄتھ – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="رساێن تۄتھ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element" title="Element – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Element" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elven_gymyk" title="Elven gymyk – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Elven gymyk" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химиялык элемент – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Химиялык элемент" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementum_chemicum" title="Elementum chemicum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elementum chemicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_(Chimie)" title="Element (Chimie) – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Element (Chimie)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos" title="Elementos – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Elementos" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjemisch_element" title="Sjemisch element – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjemisch element" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_chimici" title="Elementi chimici – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Elementi chimici" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_chimich" title="Element chimich – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Element chimich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminis_elementas" title="Cheminis elementas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminis elementas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmiskais_elements" title="Ķīmiskais elements – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmiskais elements" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Химиянь элементсь – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Химиянь элементсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D3%B1%D2%A5%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Химий тӱҥлык – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Химий тӱҥлык" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsua_kimia" title="Unsua kimia – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Unsua kimia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хемиски елемент – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хемиски елемент" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="മൂലകം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൂലകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химийн элемент – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Химийн элемент" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मूलद्रव्य – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मूलद्रव्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unsur kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_kimiku" title="Element kimiku – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Element kimiku" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဒြပ်စင် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒြပ်စင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheemsch_Element" title="Cheemsch Element – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cheemsch Element" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="रसायनिक तत्व – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रसायनिक तत्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="रसायनिक तत्त्व – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रसायनिक तत्त्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisch_element" title="Chemisch element – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chemisch element" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grunnstoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grunnstoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemente" title="Elemente – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Elemente" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Al%C3%A9ment" title="Êlément – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êlément" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_quimic" title="Element quimic – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Element quimic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahiyyoo(elementii)" title="Wahiyyoo(elementii) – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Wahiyyoo(elementii)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8C%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95" title="ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਤੱਤ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਤੱਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_k%C3%ADmiko" title="Elemento kímiko – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Elemento kímiko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemikill_Element" title="Kemikill Element – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kemikill Element" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierwiastek_chemiczny" title="Pierwiastek chemiczny – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pierwiastek chemiczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_ch%C3%ACmich" title="Element chìmich – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Element chìmich" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="کیمیائی عنصر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیمیائی عنصر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کيمياوي توکی – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کيمياوي توکی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Elemento (química) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elemento (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qallawa" title="Qallawa – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qallawa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_chimic" title="Element chimic – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Element chimic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemende_ch%C3%ACmeche" title="Elemende chìmeche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Elemende chìmeche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химический элемент – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химический элемент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хемічный елемент – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хемічный елемент" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D)" title="तत्त्वम् (रसायनशास्त्रम्) – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तत्त्वम् (रसायनशास्त्रम्)" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Химия элемена – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Химия элемена" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementu_ch%C3%ACmicu" title="Elementu chìmicu – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Elementu chìmicu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimentu_ch%C3%ACmicu" title="Elimentu chìmicu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Elimentu chìmicu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chemical element" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="ڪيميائي عنصر – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪيميائي عنصر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijski_element" title="Hemijski element – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijski element" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afr%E1%B8%8Dis_akimyan" title="Afrḍis akimyan – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Afrḍis akimyan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA" title="රසායනික මූලද්‍රව්‍ය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායනික මූලද්‍රව්‍ය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemical element" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%BD_prvok" title="Chemický prvok – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chemický prvok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi%C4%8Dni_element" title="Kemični element – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kemični element" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhangande_yeMushonga" title="Nhangande yeMushonga – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nhangande yeMushonga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curiye_kimiko" title="Curiye kimiko – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Curiye kimiko" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_e_elementeve_kimik%C3%AB" title="Lista e elementeve kimikë – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lista e elementeve kimikë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хемијски елемент – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемијски елемент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element" title="Element – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Element" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Unsur kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grund%C3%A4mne" title="Grundämne – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grundämne" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_za_kikemia" title="Elementi za kikemia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elementi za kikemia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தனிமம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தனிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="మూలకము – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మూలకము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D3%A3" title="Унсури кимиёӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Унсури кимиёӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8" title="ธาตุ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธาตุ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_(kimika)" title="Elemento (kimika) – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elemento (kimika)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element" title="Element – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Element" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химик элемент – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Химик элемент" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химиктиг элемент – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Химиктиг элемент" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хімічний елемент – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімічний елемент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="کیمیائی عنصر – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیائی عنصر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyoviy_unsur" title="Kimyoviy unsur – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyoviy unsur" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_chimego" title="Elemento chimego – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Elemento chimego" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himine_element" title="Himine element – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Himine element" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Nguyên tố hóa học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nguyên tố hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisch_element" title="Chemisch element – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Chemisch element" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6min_kiemavik" title="Lömin kiemavik – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lömin kiemavik" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_kimiko" title="Elemento kimiko – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Elemento kimiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeet" title="Xeet – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xeet" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化学元素 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化学元素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhemikhali" title="Ikhemikhali – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ikhemikhali" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ქიმიური ელემენტი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქიმიური ელემენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98" title="כעמישער עלעמענט – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמישער עלעמענט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%81l%C3%ADm%E1%BA%B9%CC%80nt%C3%AC_k%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Ẹ́límẹ̀ntì kẹ́míkà – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ́límẹ̀ntì kẹ́míkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F" title="ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="化學元素" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dk_go%C3%A2n-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Hòa-ha̍k goân-sò͘ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍k goân-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="元素 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="元素" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhlwa_yevanga" title="Inhlwa yevanga – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inhlwa yevanga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11344#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c">条目</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="元素">元素</a>）</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style>  「元素」重定向至此。关于其他用法，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="元素 (消歧義)">元素 (消歧义)</a>」。</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">注意：本页有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%93%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E8%A1%A8%E6%84%8F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="中日韓統一表意文字">Unihan</a>新版汉字：「<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=492D">䤭</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=4951">䥑</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=9FCF">鿏</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=9FD4">鿔</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=9FEB">鿫</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=9FEC">鿬</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=9FED">鿭</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=289C0">𨧀</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=28B4E">𨭎</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=28A0F">𨨏</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=28B46">𨭆</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2B7FC">𫟼</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2B4E7">𫓧</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2B7F7">𫟷</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB2D">𬬭</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB3B">𬬻</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB4A">𬭊</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB5B">𬭛</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB73">𬭳</a>、<span class="plainlinks" style="font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'I.MingCP', 'I.Ming', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, LastResort;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=2CB76">𬭶</a>」，這些字符可能會<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%82%E7%A2%BC" title="亂碼">错误显示</a>，詳见<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unicode%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97" title="Wikipedia:Unicode扩展汉字">Unicode扩展汉字</a>。</div> <div id="noteTA-d6b71c70" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Physics"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="核能"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:稀有气体; zh-cn:稀有气体; zh-tw:惰性氣體; zh-hk:貴氣體; zh-sg:惰性气体;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:稀有氣體; zh-cn:稀有气体; zh-tw:惰性氣體; zh-hk:貴氣體; zh-sg:惰性气体;"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg/390px-Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg/585px-Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg/780px-Periodic_table_zh-hans.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:60px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/180px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/270px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/360px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:106px;max-width:106px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:60px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg/104px-Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg/156px-Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg/208px-Barium_unter_Argon_Schutzgas_Atmosph%C3%A4re.jpg 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="460" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:128px;max-width:128px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Copper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Copper.jpg/126px-Copper.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Copper.jpg/189px-Copper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Copper.jpg/252px-Copper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:160px;max-width:160px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:HEUraniumC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HEUraniumC.jpg/158px-HEUraniumC.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HEUraniumC.jpg/237px-HEUraniumC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HEUraniumC.jpg/316px-HEUraniumC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2560" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:141px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg/143px-Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg/215px-Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg/286px-Bromine_vial_in_acrylic_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3421" data-file-height="3387" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:143px;max-width:143px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:141px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:HeTube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/141px-HeTube.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/212px-HeTube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/282px-HeTube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center">一些元素的樣品。从左到右，从上到下为：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鋇">鋇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a></div></div></div></div> 化學元素，常简称元素，是一百多种基本的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="金属">金属</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="非金属元素">非金属</a>纯物质，也是構成<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="物質">物質</a>的基本單位，不能直接用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="化学反应">化學方法</a>分解。同一種化學元素是由<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>數相同的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>組成，用一般的化学方法不能使之分解。所有化學物質都是由元素組成，即任何物質都包含元素。一些常見元素的例子有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鈣">鈣</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a>等。 1923年，国际原子量委员会作出决定：化学元素是根据<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%8D%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="电荷">电荷</a>的多少对原子进行分类的一种方法，並將核电荷数相同的一类原子称为一种元素。<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-2-1">[1]</a>元素的核電荷數與其核中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>數相對應，例如氫原子的原子核皆帶有1個正電荷，即氫原子核中都有一個質子。每種元素都有其對應的質子數，稱作<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序">原子序</a>。 截至2023年，總共有118種元素被發現，其中有94種在地球上天然存在，分別是1號的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>至94號的<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>，而原子序為95以上者則是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="人造元素">人造元素</a>。118種元素中，原子序數大於82的元素（<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="鉛">鉛</a>之後的元素）和第43和第61號元素（<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">锝</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a>）皆為不穩定的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="放射性元素">放射性元素</a>，會進行<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性衰變">放射性衰變</a>，轉變成其他元素。不過，即使這些放射性元素會衰變成其他元素，有些仍在自然界中有穩定的存量，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="釷">釷</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>具有長壽的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E6%A0%B8%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始核素（页面不存在）">原始放射性同位素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial_nuclide" class="extiw" title="en:Primordial nuclide">Primordial nuclide</a>）<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-1-2">[2]</a>，發生衰變的速率非常緩慢。此外，其餘原子序數小於95的放射性元素雖然壽命較短，但在自然界中亦有<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%95%E9%87%8F%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="痕量同位素">痕量</a>的存在，為釷或鈾的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰變產物</a>。而原子序數為95以上的放射性元素都不存在於現今的自然界中，只能以<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="人工合成元素">人工合成</a>的方式生產。 目前最新發現之元素為2010年合成出的<span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a>（Tennessine，簡寫Ts），并经<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B4%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%92%8C%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83" title="國際純化學和應用化學聯合會">IUPAC</a>正式承認，至此<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">第一週期</a>至<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">第七週期</a>的所有元素都已被發現。科學家們至今仍力圖藉由人工<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="核反应">核反應</a>合成出原子序更大的新元素。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概覽">概覽</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：概覽">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="原子序数">原子序数</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：原子序数">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">原子序数</a></div> 原子序数是一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>内<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="质子">质子</a>的数量，也決定元素的性質<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>。拥有同一原子序数的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>属于同一<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素">化学元素</a>。原子序数的符号是Z。例如所有的碳原子的原子核都有六個質子，因此碳的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">原子序数</a>是6<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>。碳原子可能會有不同個數的中子，這些就是碳的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>。 原子核中質子的個數決定了原子核的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7" title="電荷">電荷</a>，因此也決定了原子在電中性時的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>個數。電子會填入其<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%BB%8C%E5%9F%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="原子軌域">原子軌域</a>中，決定原子各種的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8" title="化学性质">化學性質</a>。中子的個數對於原子的化學性質影響不大（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%98" title="氘">氘</a>例外）。例如所有的碳原子因為有六個質子及六個電子，即使其中子可能有六個或是八個，其化學特性幾乎相同。因此在化學上，是由原子序数來識別一化學元素的特性，而不是用其<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E6%95%B8" title="質量數">質量數</a>。 一般原子序数會写在元素符号的左下方，例如 <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {_1H}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>H</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {_1H}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8db5aa0f33dc8f136fe87767554a37fe1d40a392" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.739ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {_1H}}}">是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a>，<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {_8O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>O</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>8</mn> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {_8O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cba42718616fa15bd1dd52978f3575fb3c1e8529" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.804ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {_8O}}}">是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>。</dd></dl> 但因为一个元素的原子序数是确定的，因此这个值很少會这样写出来。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="質量數">質量數</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：質量數">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E6%95%B8" title="質量數">質量數</a></div> 質量數是指中性原子的原子核內，質子數量和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>數量的和，質量數的數值都是整數。如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-16" title="氧-16">氧-16</a>中性原子的原子核內質子數和中子數皆為8，故其質量數為16。有時會將質量數和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序數">原子序數</a>（Z，質子數）分別標示在元素的左上角及左下角，如<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {^16_8O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>O</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>8</mn> <mn>16</mn> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {^16_8O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/73dd865fe06a8d72cb8a9e0dc76f576a97610ce6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.626ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {^16_8O}}}">即為質量數為16，原子序數為8的氧原子<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="同位素">同位素</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：同位素">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a></div> 同位素是指同一化學元素之下<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>數不同的各個<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="核種">核種</a>。同一種元素的所有原子都具有相同的質子數目，但彼此的中子數目可能不同，質子數相同但中子數不同的原子稱為同一元素的不同種<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>，這些同位素在元素週期表中佔有同一個位置，因此得名。例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%95" class="mw-redirect" title="氕">氕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%98" title="氘">氘</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9A" title="氚">氚</a>皆屬於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>元素的同位素，它們的原子核中都有1個質子，但中子數分別為0、1及2，所以它們互為同位素。其中，氘幾乎比氕重一倍，而氚則幾乎比氕重二倍。 同種元素的同位素具有幾乎相同的化學性質，但由於彼此中子數不同，而不同質子和中子數的組合會影響<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>的穩定性，因此每種同位素的核穩定性各不相同，發生衰變的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>也有長有短。其中原子核不穩定、會發生<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性衰變">放射性衰變</a>的同位素稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性同位素">放射性同位素</a>，不會發生衰變、能恆久存在的同位素則稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="稳定同位素">穩定同位素</a>。在所有元素的已知同位素中，放射性同位素占大部分。若某元素沒有穩定同位素，即所有同位素都具有放射性，則該元素會被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="放射性元素">放射性元素</a>，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a>等。原子序83以上（<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a>以後）的元素以及43號<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鎝">鎝</a>和61號<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a>都屬於放射性元素，至於其餘原子序82以下的所有元素都具有至少1種穩定的同位素。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="原子量">原子量</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：原子量">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">原子量</a></div> 質量數是原子中，質子數量和中子數量的和，而單一原子的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">原子量</a>為表示該原子質量的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="實數">實數</a>，其單位為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="原子质量单位">原子质量单位</a>（amu或簡稱u）。一般而言，原子量和質量數會有些差異，不會完全相同，因為每個中子和每個質子的質量不是恰好都是1u，而原子量也會受到電子及<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%BB%93%E5%90%88%E8%83%BD" title="核结合能">核结合能</a>的影響。例如氯-35的原子量若精確到五位小數，會是34.969u，而氯-37的原子量若精確到五位小數，會是36.966u。不過原子量以u為單位時的數值，和質量數的誤差會在1%以內。唯一原子量是<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="整數">整數</a>，和質量數完全相同的元素是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B312" class="mw-redirect" title="碳12">碳12</a>，因為依照原子质量单位的定義就是碳12原子在基態時質量的1/12，因此碳12的原子量就是12u。 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="相對原子量（页面不存在）">相對原子量</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_atomic_mass" class="extiw" title="en:Relative atomic mass">Relative atomic mass</a>）以往也稱為原子量，是在特定環境下找到同一元素同位素，以豐度加權後的原子量平均值，再除以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="原子质量单位">原子质量单位</a>（u）所得的值。數值可能是一個分數，例如氯的相對原子量為35.453，不太接近整數，原因是這個數值是76%的氯35及24%的氯37平均後的結果。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素">化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：化學的純元素及核子物理的純元素">编辑</a>]</div> 化學家和核子物理學家對於「純元素」會有不同的定義。在化學上，純元素是指物質中全部（或是幾乎是全部）的原子都有相同的原子序，或是質子個數相同。不過在核子物理上，純元素是指物質中只有一種穩定的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> 例如，銅纜中若99.99%的成份都是有29個質子的銅原子，以化學層面來看，即為有99.99%純度的銅。不過一般的銅包括了二種同位素，69%的<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {^63Cu}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Cu</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <none /> <mn>63</mn> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {^63Cu}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/909a71b6514f4aec0873c21e7cb40e20c5dddb87" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.789ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {^63Cu}}}">及31%的<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {^65Cu}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Cu</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <none /> <mn>65</mn> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {^65Cu}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/20208bcc90cd33b7f9c5d810b56edfa4c5dd7a29" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.789ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {^65Cu}}}">，兩者中子數不同。相對的，金塊在化學上或是在核子物理都是純元素，因為一般的金只由一種同位素<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {^197Au}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Au</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <none /> <mn>197</mn> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {^197Au}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/14f1e599d8396279301c5c04fdf85d39279106c0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.676ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {^197Au}}}">組成。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="同素异形体">同素异形体</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：同素异形体">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%B4%A0%E5%BC%82%E5%BD%A2%E4%BD%93" title="同素异形体">同素异形体</a></div> 化學上的純元素，其原子之間結合的方式可能不只一種，因此純元素也會存在多種<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="化学结构">化學結構</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/chemical_structure" class="extiw" title="en:chemical structure">chemical structure</a>），也就是原子在空間中會有不同的排列方式，這些稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%B4%A0%E5%BC%82%E5%BD%A2%E4%BD%93" title="同素异形体">同素异形体</a>，其性質也有所變化。例如碳的同素异形体中，<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BB%E7%9F%B3" title="钻石">钻石</a>是在每個碳原子的周圍都有以四面體結構互相連接的碳，而<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨">石墨</a>是由碳原子組成的六角狀層狀結構，<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8%E7%83%AF" title="石墨烯">石墨烯</a>只有單一層的石墨，但強度非常高，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%8B%92%E7%83%AF" title="富勒烯">富勒烯</a>的幾何外形幾近於球體，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E7%AE%A1" title="碳纳米管">碳纳米管</a>是由六角形結構組成的細管，但其電氣特性又和其他的同素异形体不同。 元素的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="一般条件">一般条件</a>（也稱為參考狀態）是指元素在壓力一<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4" title="巴">巴</a>、指定溫度（一般會是298.15K）下其熱力學穩定度最高的狀態。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="热化学">热化学</a>中，會定義元素在一般条件下的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%84%93" title="标准摩尔生成焓">标准摩尔生成焓</a>為零。例如，碳的一般条件是石墨，因為石墨的結構比其他同素异形体都要穩定。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="元素性質">元素性質</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：元素性質">编辑</a>]</div> 有許多種描述性的分類可以應用在元素上，包括其物理及化學性質、在標準狀況下的物態、熔點及沸點、密度、固態時的晶體結構以及其在地球上的存在狀況和來源等。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="一般性質">一般性質</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：一般性質">编辑</a>]</div> 有些詞常用來描述元素的一般物理性質及化學性質。第一種分類方式是將元素分為可以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BC%E7%94%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="导电">導電</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬">金屬</a>、無法導電的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非金屬">非金屬</a>，以及在金屬和非金屬之間的一些<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="類金屬">類金屬</a>，其性質介於金屬和非金屬之間，而且多半會有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體</a>的特性。 在週期表上一般還有更細的元素分類，除了可大略分為金屬及非金屬外，還會用顏色標示一些比較細的分類，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼金屬">鹼金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼土金屬">鹼土金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鹵素">鹵素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鑭系元素">鑭系元素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="錒系元素">錒系元素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="過渡金屬">過渡金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貧金屬">貧金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="類金屬">類金屬</a>、雙原子非金屬、多原子非金屬及<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%B0%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="惰性氣體">惰性氣體</a>。在上述系統中，鹼金屬、鹼土金屬、鑭系元素、錒系元素、過渡金屬及貧金屬屬於金屬，而雙原子非金屬、多原子非金屬及惰性氣體屬於非金屬。有些周期表中不會特殊將鹵素分為一類，會將<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="砈">砈</a>視為類金屬，其他鹵素則歸為非金屬。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="物質狀態">物質狀態</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：物質狀態">编辑</a>]</div> 另一種常見的分類是在特定的溫度及壓力（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="标准状况">标准状况</a>）下，利用元素本身的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="物质状态">物质状态</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="固態">固態</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="液態">液態</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="氣態">氣態</a>來區分。大部份的元素在标准状况下是固態，也有一些是氣態。在0 ℃及正常大氣壓力下會是液態的元素只有<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a>，而<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="銫">銫</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鎵">鎵</a>在上述條件下是固態，但分別會在28.4℃及29.8℃融化為液態。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="熔點及沸點">熔點及沸點</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：熔點及沸點">编辑</a>]</div> 在一大氣壓力下的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="熔點">熔點</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="沸點">沸點</a>（一般會用攝氏溫度表示）也常用來作為元素的分類。大部份元素的熔點及沸點都已知道，不過有些放射性元素只能非常少量的製備，而且其半衰期短，因此可能還無法量測其熔點或沸點。因為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>在一大氣壓力下的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E9%9B%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="绝对零度">绝对零度</a>時也是液態，因此依傳統的表示方式，氦只有沸點，沒有熔點。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="密度">密度</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：密度">编辑</a>]</div> 元素在特定溫度及壓力（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="标准状况">标准状况</a>）下的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a>常用來作為元素分類的依據。密度會以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B" title="克">g</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="厘米">cm</a>3為其單位。因為有些元素在标准状况下為氣態，這些元素的密度會以其氣態下的密度來表示。 若元素有不同密度的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%B4%A0%E5%BC%82%E5%BD%A2%E4%BD%93" title="同素异形体">同素异形体</a>，一般會一一列出常見的同素异形体及其密度，另一種作法是列出最常見的同素异形体，並標示其密度。例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E7%B4%A0%E7%95%B0%E5%BD%A2%E9%AB%94" title="碳的同素異形體">碳的同素異形體</a>中，最常見的是<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%AE%9A%E5%BD%A2%E7%A2%B3" title="无定形碳">无定形碳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨">石墨</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BB%E7%9F%B3" title="钻石">钻石</a>，其密度分別是1.8–2.1, 2.267和 3.515 g/cm3。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="晶體結構">晶體結構</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：晶體結構">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="晶体结构">晶体结构</a></div> 目前為止，已發現的元素其固態時的<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="晶体结构">晶体结构</a>可分為八種：<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="立方晶系">立方晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="立方晶系">體心立方晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="立方晶系">面心立方晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="六方晶系">六方晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E6%96%9C%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="单斜晶系">单斜晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E4%BA%A4%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="正交晶系">正交晶系</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="六方晶系">菱形晶系</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="四方晶系">四方晶系</a>。有些<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="人工合成元素">人工合成的元素</a>因為可分析的原子太少，還無法判斷其晶體結構。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="放射性">放射性</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：放射性">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7" title="放射性">放射性</a></div> 放射性是指某<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>不穩定，會自发性地放出<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%9B%A2%E8%BC%BB%E5%B0%84" title="游離輻射">游離輻射</a>（如<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Α射线">α射线</a>、<a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Β射线">β射线</a>、<a href="/wiki/%CE%93%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Γ射线">γ射线</a>等）而<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性衰變">衰变</a>成另一種同位素（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰变产物</a>），這種特性稱為放射性。每種元素都有著許多種<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性同位素">放射性同位素</a>，若某元素的所有同位素都具有放射性，則我們稱該元素為<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="放射性元素">放射性元素</a>。核穩定性越低的放射性同位素<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>越短，放射性也越強。 在自然界存在的94種化學元素中，原子序1至82的元素幾乎都至少有一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="稳定同位素">稳定同位素</a>（只有原子序43的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鎝">鎝</a>以及原子序61的<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">钷</a>例外），不會衰變成其他核種，因此能在自然界以穩定的量恆常存在。而原子序83以後的元素和鎝、鉕都是放射性元素，其所有的同位素都不穩定、具有放射性，會發生核衰變反應。<a href="#cite_note-魏明通2005-8">[8]</a>其中有些元素，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">铋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="釷">釷</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>有一個或多個半衰期相對極長的放射性同位素，因此雖然這些放射性元素的原子在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a>形成之前、<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E6%A0%B8%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="恆星核合成">恆星核合成</a>時即產生，至今在自然界中仍存有相當的量。其中<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B-209" title="铋-209">鉍-209</a>的<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="Α衰变">α衰变</a>半衰期超過1.9×1019年，為目前估計<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B9%B4%E9%BD%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="宇宙年齡">宇宙年齡</a>的十億倍，是已知發生<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Α衰變">α衰變</a>的放射性核種中半衰期最長的，幾乎可以視為是穩定核種<a href="#cite_note-Dume2003-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Marcillac2003-10">[10]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="存在狀況及來源">存在狀況及來源</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：存在狀況及來源">编辑</a>]</div> 也可以根據化學元素在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>上的存在狀況及來源將其分類。在目前已知的118種元素中，在地球上天然存在的有94種（原子序1～94的元素），在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99" title="宇宙">宇宙</a>中、<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="恆星">恆星</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F" title="超新星">超新星</a>的光譜也有偵測到這94種元素的存在。而原子序數超過94的元素不存在於現今的地球上，是經由人工核反應所合成出的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="人造元素">人造元素</a>。 在94種天然存在的元素中，有83種元素是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>形成時就存在於地球上的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始核種（页面不存在）">原始元素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/primordial_nuclide" class="extiw" title="en:primordial nuclide">primordial nuclide</a>）。它們是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8" title="大爆炸">大爆炸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F%E7%88%86%E5%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="超新星爆发">超新星爆發</a>等過程中產生的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="重元素">重元素</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>形成時就已经存在。原始元素包括所有穩定元素和三種半衰期極長的放射性元素：<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="釷">釷</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>，其中鉍的半衰期甚至長達<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B9%B4%E9%BD%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="宇宙年齡">宇宙年齡</a>的數倍，因此直到2003年來才檢測出其放射性。由於原始放射性元素的半衰期非常長，衰變速率緩慢，因此這些元素的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>從形成之初經歷數十億年後仍得以相當的量存留到現在，其中釷和鈾在地殼中的衰變過程更形成了現今自然界中三條最主要的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A%E9%8F%88" title="衰變鏈">衰變鏈</a>，分別是以<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-238" title="鈾-238">鈾-238</a>為母體的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%80%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E9%93%BE" title="铀衰变链">鈾衰變鏈</a>、以<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-235" title="鈾-235">鈾-235</a>為母體的<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E9%93%BE" title="锕衰变链">錒衰變鏈</a>和以<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7-232" class="mw-redirect" title="釷-232">釷-232</a>為母體的<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E9%93%BE" title="钍衰变链">釷衰變鏈</a>。 除了83種太陽系形成時便已存在的原始元素外，自然界中還存在著11種半衰期較短的放射性元素。其中5種（<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%99" class="mw-redirect" title="釙">釙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="錒">錒</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鏷">鏷</a>）是釷和鈾較普遍的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰變產物</a>，而其餘6種元素（<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鎝">鎝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="砈">砈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鍅">鍅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="錼">錼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>）在自然界中僅痕量存在，砈和鍅只存在於鈾衰變鏈和錒衰變鏈的非常小的分支中，不但難以被生成，半衰期也極短，會很快衰變成其他元素；而原子序數較小的鎝和鉕是由鈾-238的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%99%BC%E8%A3%82%E8%AE%8A" title="自發裂變">自發裂變</a>以及由<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鉬">鉬</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="釹">釹</a>分別發生<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%98%E8%8E%B7" title="中子俘获">中子俘獲</a>而產生；至於<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%88%BE%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="超鈾元素">超鈾元素</a>錼和鈽則只能由鈾發生中子俘獲而生成。由於這6種元素在自然界中極端稀有，因此除了鍅之外最初都是透過人工合成的方法發現的，直到後來才發現它們也存在於自然界中。<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>其中鎝更是第一種以人工合成的方式發現的化學元素，因此得名technetium（來自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘文">希臘文</a>τεχνητός，意為「人造」）。<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>鑒於這6種元素在自然界中存量極為稀少，從天然礦石中提取它們並不實際，所以通常還是由人工合成的方式生產這些元素。因此，它們在部分週期表中仍被標記為人造元素。<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> 剩下的24種元素不存在於現今的地球上，也沒有出現在宇宙光譜中，這些元素都是藉人工合成的方法所產生的，故稱為人造元素。由於這些放射性元素的半衰期與地球的年齡相比過短，即使在地球形成的初期曾經存在過這些元素，至今也已經全部衰變殆盡，且現今自然界中也缺乏形成它們的途徑或機制，因此只能由人工合成的方式生產。第一個完全由人工合成所產生、自然界中不存在的元素是1944年合成的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鋦">鋦</a>，之後是<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鋂">鋂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鉳">鉳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="鉲">鉲</a>等。目前最新發現的元素為2010年合成出的<span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a>（Tennessine, Ts），而目前發現原子序最大的元素則是118號的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫"><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿹气奥 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。">鿫</a>（Oganesson, Og），於2006年合成出。<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schewe-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="週期表">週期表</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：週期表">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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hlist">本模板：<ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8_(%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87)" title="Template:元素週期表 (正文)">查看</a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8_(%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87)" title="Template talk:元素週期表 (正文)">讨论</a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8_(%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87)" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:元素週期表 (正文)">编辑</a></li></ul></div> <table> <tbody><tr align="center" valign="bottom" style="margin:auto"> <td width="1.2%">族→ </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">1</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">2</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">3</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">4</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">5</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">6</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">7</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">8</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">9</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">10</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">11</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">12</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">13</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">14</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">15</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">16</a> </td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">17</a></td> <td width="5.3%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">18</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" width="1.6%">電子層 </td> <td rowspan="3" width="1.6%">0族電子數 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="18"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="bottom"> <td>週期↓ </td> <td>I A </td> <td colspan="16"> </td> <td>VIII A （0） </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">1</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">1 H <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氫</a> 1.008 </td> <td valign="bottom">II A </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td valign="bottom">III A </td> <td valign="bottom">IV A </td> <td valign="bottom">V A </td> <td valign="bottom">VI A </td> <td valign="bottom">VII A </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;">2 He <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a> 4.003 </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;">3 Li <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">鋰</a> 6.941 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;">4 Be <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">鈹</a> 9.012 </td> <td colspan="10" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">5 B <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼</a> 10.81 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">6 C <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a> 12.01 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">7 N <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a> 14.01 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">8 O <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a> 16.00 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;">9 F <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a> 19.00 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;">10 Ne <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a> 20.18 </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> 8 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;">11 Na <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">鈉</a> 22.99 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;">12 Mg <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">鎂</a> 24.30 </td> <td valign="bottom">III B </td> <td valign="bottom">IV B </td> <td valign="bottom">V B </td> <td valign="bottom">VI B </td> <td valign="bottom">VII B </td> <td valign="bottom" colspan="3">VIII B （VIII） <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \overbrace {\qquad \qquad \qquad } }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <mover> <mrow> <mspace width="2em" /> <mspace width="2em" /> <mspace width="2em" /> </mrow> <mo>⏞</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \overbrace {\qquad \qquad \qquad } }</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/220427fd36f89da1fe868ced1f293fd5a1a90267" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.171ex; margin-right: -0.028ex; width:13.963ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \overbrace {\qquad \qquad \qquad } }"> </td> <td valign="bottom">I B </td> <td valign="bottom">II B </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;">13 Al <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">鋁</a> 26.98 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">14 Si <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">矽</a> 28.09 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">15 P <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷</a> 30.97 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">16 S <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a> 32.04 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;">17 Cl <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a> 35.45 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;">18 Ar <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">氬</a> 39.95 </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> M L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> 8 8 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;">19 K <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">鉀</a> 39.10 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;">20 Ca <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">鈣</a> 40.08 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">21 Sc <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">鈧</a> 44.96 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">22 Ti <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">鈦</a> 47.87 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">23 V <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">釩</a> 50.94 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">24 Cr <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">鉻</a> 52.00 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">25 Mn <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">錳</a> 54.94 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">26 Fe <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">鐵</a> 55.84 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">27 Co <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">鈷</a> 58.93 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">28 Ni <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">鎳</a> 58.69 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">29 Cu <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">銅</a> 63.55 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">30 Zn <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">鋅</a> 65.38 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;">31 Ga <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">鎵</a> 69.72 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">32 Ge <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">鍺</a> 72.63 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">33 As <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a> 74.92 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;">34 Se <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a> 78.97 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;">35 Br <a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a> 79.90 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;">36 Kr <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪</a> 83.80 </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> N M L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> 8 18 8 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;">37 Rb <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">銣</a> 85.47 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;">38 Sr <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">鍶</a> 87.62 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">39 Y <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">釔</a> 88.91 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">40 Zr <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">鋯</a> 91.22 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">41 Nb <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">鈮</a> 92.91 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">42 Mo <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">鉬</a> 95.95 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">43 Tc <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">鎝</a> [97] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">44 Ru <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">釕</a> 101.1 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">45 Rh <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">銠</a> 102.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">46 Pd <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">鈀</a> 106.4 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">47 Ag <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a> 107.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">48 Cd <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">鎘</a> 112.4 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;">49 In <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">銦</a> 114.8 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;">50 Sn <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">錫</a> 118.7 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">51 Sb <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">銻</a> 121.8 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;">52 Te <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a> 127.6 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;">53 I <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a> 126.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;">54 Xe <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a> 131.3 </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> O N M L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2"> 8 18 18 8 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">55 Cs <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">銫</a> 132.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">56 Ba <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">鋇</a> 137.3 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">57-71 <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="镧系元素">鑭系</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="镧系元素">元素</a> * </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">72 Hf <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">鉿</a> 178.5 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">73 Ta <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">鉭</a> 180.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">74 W <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">鎢</a> 183.8 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">75 Re <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">錸</a> 186.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">76 Os <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">鋨</a> 190.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">77 Ir <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">銥</a> 192.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">78 Pt <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">鉑</a> 195.1 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">79 Au <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a> 197.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">80 Hg <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a> 200.6 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">81 Tl <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">鉈</a> 204.4 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">82 Pb <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">鉛</a> 207.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">83 Bi <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">鉍</a> 209.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">84 Po <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">釙</a> [209] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">85 At <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">砈</a> [210] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">86 Rn <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a> [222] </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2">P O N M L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2">8 18 32 18 8 2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;">87 Fr <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">鍅</a> [223] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;">88 Ra <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">鐳</a> [226] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">89-103 <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系元素">錒系</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系元素">元素</a> ** </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">104 Rf <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">鑪</a> [267] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">105 Db <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">𨧀</a> [268] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">106 Sg <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">𨭎</a> [267] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">107 Bh <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">𨨏</a> [270] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">108 Hs <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆</a> [271] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">109 Mt <a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">䥑</a> [278] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">110 Ds <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">鐽</a> [281] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">111 Rg <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀</a> [282] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;">112 Cn <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶</a> [285] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">113 Nh <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">鉨</a> [286] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;">114 Fl <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇</a> [289] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">115 Mc <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">鏌</a> [290] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">116 Lv <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝</a> [293] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">117 Ts <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a> [294] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;">118 Og <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫</a> [294] </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2">Q P O N M L K </td> <td valign="bottom" style="font-size:50%;line-height:1.2">8 18 32 32 18 8 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div style="width:1px; height:4px;"></div> </td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="bottom"> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;">6 </td> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="border:none; width:0;vertical-align:middle;">* </td> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="border:none; width:0;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="镧系元素">鑭系 元素</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">57 La <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">鑭</a> 138.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">58 Ce <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">鈰</a> 140.1 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">59 Pr <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">鐠</a> 140.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">60 Nd <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">釹</a> 144.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">61 Pm <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">鉕</a> [145] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">62 Sm <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">釤</a> 150.4 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">63 Eu <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">銪</a> 152.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">64 Gd <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">釓</a> 157.2 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">65 Tb <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">鋱</a> 158.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">66 Dy <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">鏑</a> 162.5 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">67 Ho <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">鈥</a> 164.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">68 Er <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">鉺</a> 167.3 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">69 Tm <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">銩</a> 168.9 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">70 Yb <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">鐿</a> 173.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="5.3%" style="border:none;">71 Lu <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">鎦</a> 175.0 </td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="bottom"> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="vertical-align:middle;">7 </td> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="border:none; width:0;vertical-align:middle;">** </td> <td colspan="1" valign="center" style="border:none; width:0;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系元素">錒系 元素</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">89 Ac <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">錒</a> [227] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">90 Th <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">釷</a> 232.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">91 Pa <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">鏷</a> 231.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">92 U <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a> 238.0 </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">93 Np <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">錼</a> [237] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">94 Pu <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">鈽</a> [244] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">95 Am <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">鋂</a> [243] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">96 Cm <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">鋦</a> [247] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">97 Bk <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">鉳</a> [247] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">98 Cf <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">鉲</a> [251] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">99 Es <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">鑀</a> [252] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">100 Fm <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">鐨</a> [257] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">101 Md <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">鍆</a> [258] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">102 No <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">鍩</a> [259] </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;">103 Lr <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">鐒</a> [266] </td></tr></tbody></table> 圖解：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div 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.Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block{background-color:#ff6699}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block_predicted{background-color:#FBD}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block{background-color:#99ccff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block_predicted{background-color:#CEF}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block{background-color:#ccff99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block_predicted{background-color:#DFC}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block{background-color:#90ffb0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block_predicted{background-color:#C7FFD7}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block{background-color:#66ffcc}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block_predicted{background-color:#BFE}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block{background-color:#ffcc66}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block_predicted{background-color:#FDA}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block{background-color:#F0908C}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block_predicted{background-color:#F0B6B4}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown{background-color:#e8e8e8}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_error_type{background-color:#000000}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_null{background-color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_maybe_not_exist{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_none_type{background-color:#c0c0c0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_gas{color:green}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_liquid{color:blue}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_solid{color:black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknow_phase{color:grey}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">碱土金属</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="镧系元素">镧系元素</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系元素">锕系元素</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="过渡金属">过渡金属</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貧金屬">貧金屬</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="类金属">类金属</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="非金属元素">非金屬</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">卤素</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">稀有气体</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  待確認化學特性</div> </div> 在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="标准状况">標準狀況</a>下，序號綠色者為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="气体">氣體</a>；序號藍色者為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93" title="液体">液體</a>；序號黑色者為<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93" title="固体">固體</a>；序號灰色者為未知<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8_(%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8)" title="相 (物质)">相態</a>。 化學元素的性質常會用<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a>來整理，其中會將元素隨著其原子數的增加，放在不同的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">元素周期</a>中，而同一<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a>的化學元素會有較近似的物理及化學性質。目前使用的標準元素表包括到2010年4月10日之前所發現的118個已確認的元素。 早期也有一些科學家用類似週期表的方式表現元素的關係，但一般都將元素週期表視為是俄羅斯化學家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%E8%AF%BA%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E9%97%A8%E6%8D%B7%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="德米特里·伊万诺维奇·门捷列夫">德米特里·伊万诺维奇·门捷列夫</a>在1869年的貢獻，门捷列夫導入週期表來描述元素中重複的特性驅勢。隨著時間的演進，元素週期表的佈局也有進行調整，以將新發現的元素加入，並且也發展了新的理論模式來解釋其化學性質。 週期表在化學中的許多領域都很常出現，在針對許多不同形式化學性質的分類、系統化及比較時是非常好用的框架。週期表也常用在<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学">物理学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="地质学">地质学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">生物学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="材料科学">材料科学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="工程学">工程学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="农业">农业</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A5%E5%85%BB%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="营养学">营养学</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環境衛生（页面不存在）">環境衛生</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/environmental_health" class="extiw" title="en:environmental health">environmental health</a>）及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學">天文學</a>。週期表中的原則在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学工程</a>中也非常的重要。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="命名法及符號">命名法及符號</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：命名法及符號">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC元素系统命名法">IUPAC元素系统命名法</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%E8%A9%9E%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學元素名稱詞源列表（页面不存在）">化學元素名稱詞源列表</a></div> 元素命名的決定不斷變化，混雜了人類各種語言、文化、及對化學知識的理解<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Science2013-18">[18]</a>。化學元素的名稱隨著歷史演進有不同來源，有從古代就有名稱的、有採用<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%8A%E9%87%91%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="鍊金術">鍊金術師</a>時代名稱的、有採用神話的、有採用顏色的、有按地理名稱取的、有按元素性質取名的、也有按人名取名的<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>。在現代慢慢接受發現者有權命名，然而<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B4%94%E7%B2%B9%E8%88%87%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="國際純粹與應用化學聯合會">國際純粹與應用化學聯合會</a>（IUPAC），對於元素命名和符號有最終決定權<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>。 從1947年起IUPAC負起批准元素名稱的責任，並為每一個元素決定國際通用的單一符號，在此之前有不少元素有多個名字，如元素41<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">铌</a>的名字在歐洲和美洲間存有爭議150年，至1949年<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>決定採歐洲使用的名稱<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Science2013-18">[18]</a>。截至2015年 (2015-Missing required parameter 1=month!)<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit">[update]</a>，<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>治理全球化學知識，成為化學元素新發現及命名權的最終裁決法院，創立了國際認可的標準術語，這是在19世紀所明顯沒有的。在語言參與方面，由於歷史和世界大戰的政治因素，德文曾被數個包括<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>的國際科學組織抵制，其後在1929年的<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>，德文和義大利文才被授予IUPAC附屬語言的地位<a href="#cite_note-Gordin2015-21">[21]</a>。 根據中華人民共和國全國科学技术名词审定委员会的說法，元素英文名称的国际定名是透过<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>讨论决定的<a href="#cite_note-出版参考1998-22">[22]</a>，該會<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%88%86%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学名词审定分委员会（页面不存在）">化学名词审定分委员会</a>於1998年召開的无机化学名词组扩大会议，根据<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>對101至109號的元素名稱重新命名，审定對应的中文命名<a href="#cite_note-中国科技期刊研究1998-23">[23]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>對101-11號元素重新命名後，兩岸化學專家經研討對中文定名達成一致，截至2014年 (2014-Missing required parameter 1=month!)<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit">[update]</a>100號之後的化學元素，兩岸名稱是完全一致的<a href="#cite_note-石定栩周荐董琨等2014-24">[24]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="元素名稱詞源">元素名稱詞源</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：元素名稱詞源">编辑</a>]</div> 從古代就有名稱的元素共有9個，<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="錫">錫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="鉛">鉛</a>等7個金屬及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>等2個非金屬<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>。汞是其中最晚發現的，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93" title="聖經">聖經</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="舊約">舊約</a>提供了不少關於其他8個元素的資訊、但並未提及汞<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:72。 <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%8A%E9%87%91%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="鍊金術">鍊金術師</a>時代元素命名採用的是當時眾所周知意義：如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a>的取名Arsenic源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>：arsenkikos，取其男性、陽剛之意；<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a>Bismuth的取名源於德語：Weisse Masse，取其白色物質、白色金屬之意<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:72。 採用<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="天體">天體</a>名稱命名的元素有：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>名Helium源於「太陽」的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>：Helios、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a>名Selenium源於「月亮」的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>：Selene、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a>名Tellurium源於「地」的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：Tellus、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈰">鈰</a>名Cerium源於小行星<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="穀神星">穀神星</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>：Ceres（1801年發現小行星，1803年發現金屬鈰）<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:73、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>名Uranium源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="天王星">天王星</a>的英語：Uranus、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="錼">錼</a>名Neptunium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="海王星">海王星</a>的英語：Neptune、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>名Plutonium源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a>的英語：Pluto等<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>等等。 採用<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘">希臘</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90" title="北歐">北歐</a>等神話人物命名的元素有：<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="釩">釩</a>名Vanadium取自<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="北歐神話">北歐神話</a>的女神<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%BA%B3%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="瓦纳迪斯">瓦纳迪斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a>名Iridium取自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘神話">希臘神話</a>的彩虹女神<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%BA%97%E7%B5%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="伊麗絲">伊麗絲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>名Uranium取自希臘神話第一位世界統治者<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%BA%E6%96%AF" title="乌拉诺斯">乌拉诺斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="錼">錼</a>名Neptunium取自<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="羅馬神話">羅馬神話</a>的海神<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF" title="尼普顿">尼普顿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>名Plutonium取自羅馬神話的冥王<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%B7%AF%E6%89%98" title="普路托">普路托</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a>名Promethium取自希臘神話中傳授火給人類的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9D%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="泰坦">泰坦</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="普羅米修斯">普羅米修斯</a>等等<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:74。 因為有些元素的單質、化合物、光譜或燃燒的火焰等帶有<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8F%E8%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="顏色">顏色</a>，所以有些元素的名稱根源於顏色：<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="鉻">鉻</a>名Chromium源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>：Chroma指顏色、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="銣">銣</a>名Rubidium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：Rubidus指最暗的紅色、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="銫">銫</a>名Caesium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：Caesius指天藍色、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="銦">銦</a>名Indium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：Indicum指靛藍色、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="鋯">鋯</a>名Zirconium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯語">波斯語</a>：Zargun‎指帶金色的等等<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:74。 採用<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D" title="地名">地名</a>命名的元素有：<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈧">鈧</a>名Scandium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="斯堪的納維亞">斯堪的納維亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="銪">銪</a>名Europium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲">歐洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="鈥">鈥</a>名Holmium源於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%91%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="斯德哥爾摩">斯德哥爾摩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95" class="mw-redirect" title="釕">釕</a>名Ruthenium源於<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="羅塞尼亞">罗塞尼亚</a>（指<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鋂">鋂</a>名Americium源於<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="鉲">鉲</a>名Californium源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="加利福尼亚">加利福尼亚</a>等等<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:75。 早期採用<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D" title="人名">人名</a>來為元素命名的案例非常少，可能和瑞典化學家<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E9%87%87%E5%88%A9%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF" title="永斯·贝采利乌斯">永斯·贝采利乌斯</a>反對使用人名的堅定立場有關，當元素<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="鎢">鎢</a>被發現時世界開始爭論應該以wolfram還是tungsten來命名，著名德國<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="礦物學">礦物學家</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3" title="亚伯拉罕·戈特洛布·维尔纳">亚伯拉罕·戈特洛布·维尔纳</a>提案以schelium命名來表彰<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%88%8D%E5%8B%92" title="卡尔·威廉·舍勒">舍勒</a>在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%8E%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氧化鎢（页面不存在）">氧化鎢</a>的研究成就，贝采利乌斯以兩個理由唐突地拒絕此提案：「這命名從<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E8%AA%9E" title="瑞典語">瑞典語</a>的觀點不適當，且我們同胞的不朽成就無需靠此來支撐。」<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a>。 近代經由人工合成的方式發現的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%93%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="超铀元素">超铀元素</a>中，則有許多以人名來命名，例如：<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鋦">鋦</a>（Curium）以居里夫妇（<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E9%BA%97%C2%B7%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="瑪麗·居里">瑪麗·居里</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8C" title="皮埃尔·居里">皮埃爾·居里</a>）命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鑀">鑀</a>（Einsteinium）以<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="愛因斯坦">愛因斯坦</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="鐨">鐨</a>（Fermium）以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="原子能">原子能</a>之父<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="費米">費米</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%86" class="mw-redirect" title="鍆">鍆</a>（Mendelevium）以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a>之父<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%8D%B7%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="门捷列夫">门捷列夫</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">锘</a>（Nobelium）以<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾">諾貝爾</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="铹">铹</a>（Lawrencium）以<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="回旋加速器">迴旋加速器</a>的發明者<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF" title="欧内斯特·劳伦斯">歐內斯特·勞倫斯</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">鑪</a>（Rutherfordium）以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E7%91%9F%E7%A6%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="卢瑟福">盧瑟福</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀</a>（Roentgenium）以<a href="/wiki/X%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="X射線">X射線</a>發現者<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E7%90%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="倫琴">倫琴</a>命名。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶</a>（Copernicium）以<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="哥白尼">哥白尼</a>命名。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="元素符號">元素符號</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：元素符號">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素符号列表">元素符號列表</a></div> 從古代就有名稱的金屬元素和天體相連結而有了符號，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽">太陽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="月亮">月亮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>等等<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:76。18世紀<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>知識的快速發展使符號的使用更為迫要，有許多提案是採舊案外加額外的幾何圖形。瑞典化學家贝采利乌斯於1813年發展出一套簡單提案：讓元素名稱的第一個字母作為符號，這元素名稱可能是舊拉丁文、希臘文、或現代名稱，若有多個元素使用同樣的字母，那麼就取第一個及第二個（或著是取第一個及第三個）字母，大小寫方面第一個字母需大寫而第二個字母需小寫<a href="#cite_note-Syamal-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a>。 贝采利乌斯所提的新符號系統很快在歐洲和美洲受到採納，新元素的符號大多按此案原則定義，唯有<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">鈮</a>的命名從該元素發現後在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲">歐洲</a>的爭議不止，現今<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>於1949及1960年的決議已將元素41採用niobium和符號Nb<a href="#cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">[19]</a>:78-9。 元素符號令人滿意的成果是，不管國家語言是什麼，全世界通用一套相同的化學元素符號語言<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a>。和歐美語言系統完全不同的國家如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>等等，用的也是以拉丁字母書寫的元素符號<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="命名争议和區域政治">命名争议和區域政治</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：命名争议和區域政治">编辑</a>]</div> 以歐洲國家成員為主力的<a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>曾和美國化學代表機構如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="美國化學會">美國化學會</a>在命名元素106<a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">𨭎</a>時發生爭議<a href="#cite_note-Auto4Q-1-33">[33]</a>。 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><a href="/wiki/File:Ambox_globe_content.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Globe icon"><img alt="Globe icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/40px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/60px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/80px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此節以下段論述以部分區域為主，未必有<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%81%BF%E5%85%8D%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="Wikipedia:避免地域中心">普世通用</a>的觀點。 (2019年1月14日) 請<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit">協助補充內容</a>以<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%81%BF%E5%85%8D%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="Wikipedia:避免地域中心">避免偏頗</a>，或<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Talk:化學元素">討論</a>本文的問題。</div></td></tr></tbody></table> 在1918年後，国际上元素的英文名称是通过<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BA%AF%E7%B2%B9%E4%B8%8E%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="国际纯粹与应用化学联合会">国际纯粹与应用化学联合会</a>（IUPAC）讨论决定的。103号元素以前，元素命名没有产生过争议。但是104号以后，西方和苏联多次发生命名上的争议。1977年IUPAC宣布100号以后的元素名称，不再使用以人名、国名、地名和机构名等来命名的方法，而采用拉丁文和希腊文混合数字词头加词尾-ium来命名，符号采用三个字母来表示，如104号元素命名为unnilquadium，符号Unq。但是这种命名方法仍然存在争议。到1994年，IUPAC提出恢复原来的命名方式，并在1997年8月27日正式通过，对101-109号元素重新定名。<a href="#cite_note-科技术语研究17-18-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中文命名法">中文命名法</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：中文命名法">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Xu_Shou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Xu_Shou.jpg/200px-Xu_Shou.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Xu_Shou.jpg/300px-Xu_Shou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Xu_Shou.jpg/400px-Xu_Shou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>化学元素中文命名法创始人<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%AF%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="徐寿">徐寿</a>（1818年—1884年）</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="中文元素命名法">中文元素命名法</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="中國古代">中國古代</a>對部分元素有特別名稱，如鐵、金等早已被命名。1850年代開始，西方化學傳入中國，中國人開始對其他元素命名。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85" class="mw-redirect" title="清">清</a>末時，中國有至少兩套元素命名方法，分別是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%96%87%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="同文館">同文館</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A3%BD" title="徐壽">徐壽</a>提出<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">辛亥革命</a>後，中國開始著手統一和改革元素名稱，如21號元素由鉰改為鈧<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a>。1949年後，兩岸三地對元素的命名有些不同，如95號元素，中國大陸和香港命名為镅<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a>，台灣命名為鋂<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a>對101-11號元素重新命名後，兩岸化學專家經研討對中文定名達成一致，截至2014年 (2014-Missing required parameter 1=month!)<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit">[update]</a>100號之後的兩岸化學元素名稱是完全一致的。 <a href="#cite_note-石定栩周荐董琨等2014-24">[24]</a> 中国大陆1955年制定的《化学命名原则》包括了102个元素名称，1980年重新制定后包括了105个元素名称，1998年中国大陆和台湾共同确定了101-109号元素的名称。<a href="#cite_note-科技术语研究17-18-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-科技术语研究17-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="已發現的118個元素列表">已發現的118個元素列表</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：已發現的118個元素列表">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DIMendeleevCab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DIMendeleevCab.jpg/200px-DIMendeleevCab.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DIMendeleevCab.jpg/300px-DIMendeleevCab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DIMendeleevCab.jpg/400px-DIMendeleevCab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="1593" /></a><figcaption>化学元素周期表发明者<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%97%A8%E6%8D%B7%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB" title="德米特里·门捷列夫">德米特里·门捷列夫</a></figcaption></figure> 以下表格列出已發現的118的元素，其元素名稱可以連結到對應的化學元素條目，表格中還有以下的項目。 <ul><li>原子序、名稱及元素符號都是用來區分各化學元素。</li> <li>族、週期及分区表示該元素在週期表中的位置。</li> <li>物質狀態是元素在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="标准状况">标准状况</a>下的狀態。</li> <li>存在情形依元素的來源分為三種：自然界中大量存在的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始核種（页面不存在）">原始</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial_nuclide" class="extiw" title="en:Primordial nuclide">Primordial nuclide</a>）元素、放射性原始元素的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰變產物</a>（自然界中僅<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%95%E9%87%8F%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="痕量同位素">痕量</a>存在）、自然界中不存在的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="人工合成元素">人工合成元素</a>。</li> <li>所屬類別將元素作一簡單的分類：分為<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼金屬">鹼金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼土金屬">鹼土金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鑭系元素">鑭系元素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="錒系元素">錒系元素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="過渡金屬">過渡金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貧金屬">貧金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="類金屬">類金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非金屬">非金屬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鹵素">鹵素</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性氣體</a>。</li></ul> <table class="wikitable sortable" border="1"> <caption>化學元素列表 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序">原子序</a> </th> <th>繁体名稱 </th> <th>簡體名稱 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="元素符號">符號</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">週期</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="元素分区">分区</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="标准状况">标准状况</a>下的 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="物質狀態">狀態</a> </th> <th>存在情形 </th> <th>所屬類別 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a> </td> <td>H </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="1族元素">1</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">1</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/S%E5%8D%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="S區元素">s</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氣體">氣體</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始核種（页面不存在）">原始</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial_nuclide" class="extiw" title="en:Primordial nuclide">Primordial nuclide</a>） </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非金屬">非金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a> </td> <td>He </td> <td><a href="/wiki/18%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="18族元素">18</a> </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性氣體</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鋰">鋰</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">锂</a> </td> <td>Li </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="固體">固體</a> </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼金屬">鹼金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="鈹">鈹</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">铍</a> </td> <td>Be </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="2族元素">2</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼土金屬">鹼土金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼</a> </td> <td>B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/13%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="13族元素">13</a> </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/P%E5%8D%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="P區元素">p</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="類金屬">類金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a> </td> <td>C </td> <td><a href="/wiki/14%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="14族元素">14</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a> </td> <td>N </td> <td><a href="/wiki/15%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="15族元素">15</a> </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a> </td> <td>O </td> <td><a href="/wiki/16%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="16族元素">16</a> </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a> </td> <td>F </td> <td><a href="/wiki/17%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="17族元素">17</a> </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鹵素">鹵素</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a> </td> <td>Ne </td> <td>18 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>惰性氣體 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">钠</a> </td> <td>Na </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂">鎂</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a> </td> <td>Mg </td> <td>2 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼土金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">铝</a> </td> <td>Al </td> <td>13 </td> <td rowspan="6">p </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貧金屬">貧金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">硅</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">硅</a> </td> <td>Si </td> <td>14 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>類金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷</a> </td> <td>P </td> <td>15 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a> </td> <td>S </td> <td>16 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a> </td> <td>Cl </td> <td>17 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹵素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="氬">氬</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">氩</a> </td> <td>Ar </td> <td>18 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>惰性氣體 </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鉀">鉀</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">钾</a> </td> <td>K </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="18"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="第4週期元素">4</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鈣">鈣</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">钙</a> </td> <td>Ca </td> <td>2 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼土金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈧">鈧</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">钪</a> </td> <td>Sc </td> <td><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">3</a> </td> <td rowspan="10"><a href="/wiki/D%E5%8D%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="D區元素">d</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="過渡金屬">過渡金屬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鈦">鈦</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">钛</a> </td> <td>Ti </td> <td><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">4</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="釩">釩</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">钒</a> </td> <td>V </td> <td><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">5</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="鉻">鉻</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">铬</a> </td> <td>Cr </td> <td><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">6</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="錳">錳</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">锰</a> </td> <td>Mn </td> <td><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">7</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">鉄</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a> </td> <td>Fe </td> <td><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">8</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷">鈷</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">钴</a> </td> <td>Co </td> <td><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">9</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">镍</a> </td> <td>Ni </td> <td><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">10</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">铜</a> </td> <td>Cu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">11</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鋅">鋅</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">锌</a> </td> <td>Zn </td> <td><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">12</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鎵">鎵</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">镓</a> </td> <td>Ga </td> <td>13 </td> <td rowspan="6">p </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>32 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="鍺">鍺</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">锗</a> </td> <td>Ge </td> <td>14 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>類金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>33 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a> </td> <td>As </td> <td>15 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>類金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a> </td> <td>Se </td> <td>16 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>非金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>35 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a> </td> <td>Br </td> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="液體">液體</a> </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹵素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>36 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪</a> </td> <td>Kr </td> <td>18 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>惰性氣體 </td></tr> <tr> <td>37 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="銣">銣</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">铷</a> </td> <td>Rb </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="18"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="第5週期元素">5</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>38 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="鍶">鍶</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">锶</a> </td> <td>Sr </td> <td>2 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼土金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>39 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%94" class="mw-redirect" title="釔">釔</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">钇</a> </td> <td>Y </td> <td>3 </td> <td rowspan="10">d </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>40 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="鋯">鋯</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">锆</a> </td> <td>Zr </td> <td>4 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>41 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="鈮">鈮</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">铌</a> </td> <td>Nb </td> <td>5 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>42 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鉬">鉬</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">钼</a> </td> <td>Mo </td> <td>6 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>43 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鎝">鎝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鍀">鍀</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">锝</a> </td> <td>Tc </td> <td>7 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰變產物</a> </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>44 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95" class="mw-redirect" title="釕">釕</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">钌</a> </td> <td>Ru </td> <td>8 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>45 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="銠">銠</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">铑</a> </td> <td>Rh </td> <td>9 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>46 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鈀">鈀</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">钯</a> </td> <td>Pd </td> <td>10 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>47 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="银">银</a> </td> <td>Ag </td> <td>11 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>48 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%98" class="mw-redirect" title="鎘">鎘</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">镉</a> </td> <td>Cd </td> <td>12 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>49 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="銦">銦</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">铟</a> </td> <td>In </td> <td>13 </td> <td rowspan="6">p </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>50 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="錫">錫</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">锡</a> </td> <td>Sn </td> <td>14 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>51 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="銻">銻</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">锑</a> </td> <td>Sb </td> <td>15 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>類金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>52 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a> </td> <td>Te </td> <td>16 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>類金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>53 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a> </td> <td>I </td> <td>17 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹵素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>54 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a> </td> <td>Xe </td> <td>18 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>惰性氣體 </td></tr> <tr> <td>55 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="銫">銫</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">铯</a> </td> <td>Cs </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="32"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>56 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鋇">鋇</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">钡</a> </td> <td>Ba </td> <td>2 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鹼土金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>57 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鑭">鑭</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">镧</a> </td> <td>La </td> <td>3 </td> <td rowspan="14"><a href="/wiki/F%E5%8D%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="F區元素">f</a> </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鑭系元素">鑭系元素</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>58 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈰">鈰</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">铈</a> </td> <td>Ce </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>59 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鐠">鐠</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">镨</a> </td> <td>Pr </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>60 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="釹">釹</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">钕</a> </td> <td>Nd </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>61 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">钷</a> </td> <td>Pm </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>62 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="釤">釤</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">钐</a> </td> <td>Sm </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>63 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="銪">銪</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">铕</a> </td> <td>Eu </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>64 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%93" class="mw-redirect" title="釓">釓</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">钆</a> </td> <td>Gd </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>65 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="鋱">鋱</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">铽</a> </td> <td>Tb </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>66 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鏑">鏑</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">镝</a> </td> <td>Dy </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>67 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="鈥">鈥</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">钬</a> </td> <td>Ho </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>68 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="鉺">鉺</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">铒</a> </td> <td>Er </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>69 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="銩">銩</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">铥</a> </td> <td>Tm </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>70 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="鐿">鐿</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">镱</a> </td> <td>Yb </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>71 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鎦">鎦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="鑥">鑥</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">镥</a> </td> <td>Lu </td> <td>3 </td> <td rowspan="10">d </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>鑭系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>72 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="鉿">鉿</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">铪</a> </td> <td>Hf </td> <td>4 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>73 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鉭">鉭</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">钽</a> </td> <td>Ta </td> <td>5 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>74 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="鎢">鎢</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">钨</a> </td> <td>W </td> <td>6 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>75 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="錸">錸</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">铼</a> </td> <td>Re </td> <td>7 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>76 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="鋨">鋨</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">锇</a> </td> <td>Os </td> <td>8 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>77 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">铱</a> </td> <td>Ir </td> <td>9 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>78 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑">鉑</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">铂</a> </td> <td>Pt </td> <td>10 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>79 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a> </td> <td>Au </td> <td>11 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>80 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a> </td> <td>Hg </td> <td>12 </td> <td>液體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>81 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%88" class="mw-redirect" title="鉈">鉈</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">铊</a> </td> <td>Tl </td> <td>13 </td> <td rowspan="6">p </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>82 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="鉛">鉛</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">铅</a> </td> <td>Pb </td> <td>14 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>83 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">铋</a> </td> <td>Bi </td> <td>15 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>84 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%99" class="mw-redirect" title="釙">釙</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">钋</a> </td> <td>Po </td> <td>16 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>85 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="砈">砈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">砹</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">砹</a> </td> <td>At </td> <td>17 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>鹵素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>86 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a> </td> <td>Rn </td> <td>18 </td> <td>氣體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>惰性氣體 </td></tr> <tr> <td>87 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鍅">鍅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鈁">鈁</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">钫</a> </td> <td>Fr </td> <td>1 </td> <td rowspan="32"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">s </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>鹼金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>88 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">镭</a> </td> <td>Ra </td> <td>2 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>鹼土金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>89 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="錒">錒</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">锕</a> </td> <td>Ac </td> <td>3 </td> <td rowspan="14">f </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="錒系元素">錒系元素</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>90 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="釷">釷</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">钍</a> </td> <td>Th </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>91 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鏷">鏷</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">镤</a> </td> <td>Pa </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>92 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%80" class="mw-redirect" title="铀">铀</a> </td> <td>U </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>原始 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>93 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="錼">錼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="鎿">鎿</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">镎</a> </td> <td>Np </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>94 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%88" class="mw-redirect" title="鈈">鈈</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">钚</a> </td> <td>Pu </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>衰變產物 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>95 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鋂">鋂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鎇">鎇</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">镅</a> </td> <td>Am </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="人工合成元素">人工合成</a> </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>96 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鋦">鋦</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">锔</a> </td> <td>Cm </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>97 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鉳">鉳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%87" class="mw-redirect" title="錇">錇</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">锫</a> </td> <td>Bk </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>98 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="鉲">鉲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鐦">鐦</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">锎</a> </td> <td>Cf </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>99 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鑀">鑀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="鎄">鎄</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">锿</a> </td> <td>Es </td> <td>3 </td> <td>固體 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>100 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="鐨">鐨</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">镄</a> </td> <td>Fm </td> <td>3 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>101 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%86" class="mw-redirect" title="鍆">鍆</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">钔</a> </td> <td>Md </td> <td>3 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>102 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="鍩">鍩</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">锘</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>3 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>103 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">鐒</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="铹">铹</a> </td> <td>Lr </td> <td>3 </td> <td rowspan="10">d </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>錒系元素 </td></tr> <tr> <td>104 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">鑪</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅卢 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AC%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="𬬻">𬬻</a> </td> <td>Rf </td> <td>4 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>105 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">𨧀</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅杜 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="𬭊">𬭊</a> </td> <td>Db </td> <td>5 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>106 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">𨭎</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅喜 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AD%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="𬭳">𬭳</a> </td> <td>Sg </td> <td>6 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>107 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">𨨏</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅波 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AD%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="𬭛">𬭛</a> </td> <td>Bh </td> <td>7 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>108 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅黑 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AD%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="𬭶">𬭶</a> </td> <td>Hs </td> <td>8 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>109 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">䥑</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅麦 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="鿏">鿏</a> </td> <td>Mt </td> <td>9 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>110 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">鐽</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅达 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%9F%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="𫟼">𫟼</a> </td> <td>Ds </td> <td>10 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>111 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅仑 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AC%AC%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="𬬭">𬬭</a> </td> <td>Rg </td> <td>11 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>112 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅哥 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%94" class="mw-redirect" title="鿔">鿔</a> </td> <td>Cn </td> <td>12 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>過渡金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>113 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">鉨</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鿭">鿭</a> </td> <td>Nh </td> <td>13 </td> <td rowspan="6">p </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>未知 </td></tr> <tr> <td>114 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅夫 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%93%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="𫓧">𫓧</a> </td> <td>Fl </td> <td>14 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>貧金屬 </td></tr> <tr> <td>115 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="鏌">鏌</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">镆</a> </td> <td>Mc </td> <td>15 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>未知 </td></tr> <tr> <td>116 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅立 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%9F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="𫟷">𫟷</a> </td> <td>Lv </td> <td>16 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>未知 </td></tr> <tr> <td>117 </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a> </td> <td>Ts </td> <td>17 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>未知 </td></tr> <tr> <td>118 </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿹气奧 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫</a> </td> <td><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿹气奥 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫</a> </td> <td>Og </td> <td>18 </td> <td>型態不明 </td> <td>人工合成 </td> <td>未知 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="起源">起源</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：起源">编辑</a>]</div> 化學元素中最輕的兩個元素分別是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>，它們都是在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="宇宙年表">宇宙形成的前20分鐘</a>由<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%88%9D%E6%A0%B8%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="太初核合成">太初核合成</a>所產生的<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a>，一開始氫和氦的質量<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="比率">比率</a>為3:1（原子數比例則為12:1）<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>，該過程也產生了極微量的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鋰">鋰</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="鈹">鈹</a>。至於幾乎其他所有自然存在的元素都是經由各種自然<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="核合成">核合成</a>過程所產生的<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a>。地球上有少量原子是由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="核生成（页面不存在）">核生成</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nucleogenic" class="extiw" title="en:nucleogenic">nucleogenic</a>）反應產生，或是由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宇宙生成（页面不存在）">宇宙生成</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cosmogenic" class="extiw" title="en:cosmogenic">cosmogenic</a>）反應（例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A%E6%95%A3%E8%A3%82" title="宇宙射線散裂">宇宙射線散裂</a>）所產生。除此之外，天然原子的來源還包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="放射性核種">放射性</a>原子的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">衰變產物</a>，放射性原子經過各種衰變過程，例如<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="Α衰变">α衰变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="Β衰变">β衰变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%99%BC%E8%A3%82%E8%AE%8A" title="自發裂變">自發裂變</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%87%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="簇衰变">簇衰變</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cluster_decay" class="extiw" title="en:cluster decay">cluster decay</a>）等，能夠產生各種穩定性不一的原子和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="次原子粒子">次原子粒子</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="蘊藏量">蘊藏量</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：蘊藏量">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E8%B1%90%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地球的地殼元素豐度列表">地球的地殼元素豐度列表</a></div> 蘊藏量即是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>中，每種元素所蘊含的量，原子序數小於95（<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鋂">鋂</a>）的所有元素都可在自然界中發現其存在，其中具有穩定且較大儲量的最重元素為92號的<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>。 若依質量來排序現時<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="地殼">地殼</a>中含量最豐富的元素，前八個分別是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>（46.6%）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>（27.7%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a>（8.1%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>（5.0%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鈣">鈣</a>（3.6%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a>（2.8%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鉀">鉀</a>（2.6%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂">鎂</a>（2.1%）<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-3-44">[44]</a>。 若考慮包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%87%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="地函">地函</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%A0%B8" title="地核">地核</a>的整個地球，含量最豐富的元素，前八個分別是<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>（32.1%）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>（30.1%）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>（15.1%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂">鎂</a>（13.9%）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>（2.9%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a>（1.8%）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鈣">鈣</a>（1.5%）及<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a>（1.4%）<a href="#cite_note-pnas71_12_6973-45">[45]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史">歷史</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：歷史">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg/300px-Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg/450px-Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg/600px-Mendeleev%27s_1869_periodic_table.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="门德列夫">門德列夫</a>1869年提出的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="週期表">週期表</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="定義的演變">定義的演變</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：定義的演變">编辑</a>]</div> 化學元素的概念基本上是指無法再進一步分解的物質（嚴格來說，是用化學反應無法再進一步分解的物質），在歷史上分為三個不同階段的定義：早期的定義（類似古希臘時的定義）、化學上的定義及原子的定義。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="早期的定義">早期的定義</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：早期的定義">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="古典元素">古典元素</a></div> “元素”一詞在公元前360年被<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘">希臘</a>哲學家<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="柏拉圖">柏拉圖</a>首先使用，在他的語錄《<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E9%82%81%E6%AD%90%E7%AF%87" title="蒂邁歐篇">蒂邁歐篇</a>》中，討論了一些<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="有机">有機</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="无机">無機</a>的物質，這可算是最早期的化學著作。柏拉圖假設了一些細微的物質有一些特別的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%96%E7%AB%8B%E9%AB%94" title="柏拉圖立體">幾何結構</a>： <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%9B%9B%E9%9D%A2%E9%AB%94" title="正四面體">正四面體</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%85%AB%E9%9D%A2%E9%AB%94" title="正八面體">正八面體</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8" title="風">風</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E9%9D%A2%E9%AB%94" title="正二十面體">正二十面體</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%85%AD%E9%9D%A2%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="正六面體">正六面體</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="土">土</a>）及<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E9%9D%A2%E9%AB%94" title="正十二面體">正十二面體</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99" title="宇宙">宇宙</a>）。<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-4-46">[46]</a> 除此之外，希臘哲學家<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E5%9F%B9%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92" title="恩培多克勒">恩培多克勒</a>在其著作《論自然》（On Nature）中，使用了“根”(希臘文： ῥιζὤματα)一詞。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="亞里斯多德">亞里斯多德</a>在《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E5%A4%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="論天（页面不存在）">論天</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Heavens" class="extiw" title="en:On the Heavens">On the Heavens</a>）》等著作中構想出五元素說，在柏拉圖的四種元素中再加上<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA" title="以太">以太</a>(精質)，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="亞里士多德">亞里士多德</a>對“元素”的正式定義見於《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6_(%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7)" title="形而上学 (亚里士多德)">形而上學</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" class="extiw" title="en:Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics (Aristotle)</a>）》<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-5-47">[47]</a>： <table class="cquote pullquote" role="presentation" style="margin:auto; display:table; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; background-color: transparent; color: inherit;width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="width: 20px; vertical-align: top; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: left; padding: 10px; text-orientation: upright">“ </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">元素的意思是指一種內在於事物，而事物最初由之構成，且不能被分解為其他類的東西，例如聲音的元素，就是構成了聲音，而聲音最終分解成它們，它們自身却不能分解為其他類的聲音。如果可分的話，只能分為同類的部分，例如，水的部分還是水，音節的部分就不是同一音節了。人們所說的物體的元素也是這樣，物體最終要分解為這些元素，而這些元素却不分散為其他的類。 </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="width: 20px; vertical-align: bottom; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: right; padding: 10px; text-orientation: upright">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> 建基於以上的理論，在公元790年，阿拉伯化學家<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="賈比爾">賈比爾</a>假設出<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬">金屬</a>由兩種元素組成：<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>，作為"火石"，用以解釋其可燃性，和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%8A%80" class="mw-redirect" title="水銀">水銀</a>，用以解釋理想中的金屬性質。<a href="#cite_note-AutoOE-6-48">[48]</a>到中世紀時，瑞士醫生及鍊金術士<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%AF" title="帕拉塞尔苏斯">帕拉塞爾蘇斯</a>提出了三元素理論：硫使物質有可燃性，水銀使物質有揮發性和穩定性，而物質使金屬有固體性。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="化學定義及原子定義">化學定義及原子定義</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：化學定義及原子定義">编辑</a>]</div> 1661年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="愛爾蘭">愛爾蘭</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="自然哲学家">自然哲學家</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%A9%E8%80%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="羅伯特·波義耳">羅伯特·波義耳</a>發現不止以往古人認為只有四個古典元素。1789年出現了第一個現代化的化學元素列表，其中包含33個元素，並有元素的基本資料。1818年，已發現元素增加至四十多種。<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%80%E6%8D%B7%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="門捷列夫">門捷列夫</a>於1869年發表的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a>中，有66種元素。 直到20世紀初，元素被定義為不能被分解成更簡單的物質。換句話說，一種化學元素不能轉化成其他化學元素。1913年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%A1%9E%E8%8E%B1" title="亨利·莫塞莱">亨利·莫塞萊</a>發現<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>中的核電荷是原子的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序">原子序</a>，介定了目前原子的基礎定義。1919年，有72個已知的元素。1955年，為了紀念門捷列夫，於是把第101種發現的元素命名為<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%86" class="mw-redirect" title="鍆">鍆</a>。現今，共發現了118種元素，參見<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="許多元素的發現及認可">許多元素的發現及認可</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：許多元素的發現及認可">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="化學元素發現年表">化學元素發現年表</a></div> 有十種物質，人類在史前時代就已熟悉，後來確認是元素：分別是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="鉛">鉛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="錫">錫</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鋅">鋅</a>。在西元1500年前又發現了其他元素的物質，分別是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="銻">銻</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鉍">鉍</a>。在1750年之前又發現<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷">鈷</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑">鉑</a>。 大部份存在在自然界的元素在1900年都已發現，包括： <ul><li>一些現在在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業">工業</a>上常見的元素，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="鉻">鉻</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂">鎂</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="鎢">鎢</a>等。</li> <li>許多容易反應的活潑金屬，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鋰">鋰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鉀">鉀</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鈣">鈣</a>等。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a>等鹵素。</li> <li>氣體元素，例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="氬">氬</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a>等。</li> <li>大部份的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="稀土元素">稀土元素</a>，包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%94" class="mw-redirect" title="釔">釔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈰">鈰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鑭">鑭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%93" class="mw-redirect" title="釓">釓</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="釹">釹</a>等。</li> <li>兩種常見的放射性元素<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="釷">釷</a>。</li> <li>鈾和釷衰變產生的短壽命放射性元素：<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%99" class="mw-redirect" title="釙">釙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="錒">錒</a>。</li></ul> 在1900年之後發現的元素有： <ul><li>最後三個存在於自然界的穩定元素：<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鎦">鎦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="鉿">鉿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="錸">錸</a>。</li> <li>在礦物中作為鈾或钍的衰變產物被發現的<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%95%E9%87%8F%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="痕量同位素">痕量</a>元素：<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鏷">鏷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鍅">鍅</a>。</li> <li>最初是藉由人工合成的方法發現，但後來發現在自然界中亦有痕量存在的元素：<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鎝">鎝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="砈">砈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="錼">錼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鈽">鈽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" class="mw-redirect" title="鉕">鉕</a>。</li> <li>完全由人工合成產生的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%88%BE%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="超鈾元素">超鈾元素</a>，目前從95號（<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鋂">鋂</a>）開始一直到118號（<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫</a>）間的超鈾元素都已被發現，其中最新發現的元素是2010年合成出的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬</a>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="近來發現的元素">近來發現的元素</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：近來發現的元素">编辑</a>]</div> 第一個<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%93%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="超铀元素">超铀元素</a>（原子序大於92的元素）<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">镎</a>是在1940年發現。到2016年1月份為止，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B4%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%92%8C%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83" title="國際純化學和應用化學聯合會">國際純化學和應用化學聯合會</a>已經認可了118種元素的發現。112號元素的發現是在2009年認可的，建議取名為鎶（copernicium），元素符號Cn<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>，名稱及符號是在2010年2月19日由IUPAC所認可<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>。目前已合成的最重的元素應該是118號元素Og，在2006年10月9日在俄羅斯<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B8%83%E7%BA%B3" title="杜布纳">杜布纳</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B8%83%E7%BA%B3%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="杜布纳联合原子核研究所">杜布纳联合原子核研究所</a>的核反應器中製備<a href="#cite_note-Schewe-17">[17]</a>。117號元素Ts是目前最晚發現的元素，在2009年發現<a href="#cite_note-jinr-51">[51]</a>。IUPAC已在2011年6月正式認可了<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝</a>二個元素，原子序分別是114及116，並且在2012年5月認可其名稱<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>。IUPAC在2015年12月認可了第113、115、117及118號元素<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a>，在2016年6月8日宣布其預計要使用的名稱，這些元素名稱分別是nihonium（113, Nh）、moscovium（115, Mc）、tennessine（117, Ts）及oganesson（118, Og），名稱在2016年11月28日正式獲得認可。<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="#cite_note-IUPAC-June2016-55">[55]</a>。 2017年1月15日，中華人民共和國<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国科学技术名词审定委员会">全国科学技术名词审定委员会</a>联合<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国家语言文字工作委员会">国家语言文字工作委员会</a>组织化学、物理学、语言学界专家召开了113号、115号、117号、118号元素中文定名会。5月9日，中国科学院、国家语言文字工作委员会、全国科学技术名词审定委员会在北京联合召开发布会，向社会发布113号、115号、117号、118号元素中文名称分别为<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鿭"><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰钅尔 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。">鿭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">镆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬"><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。">鿬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫"><span class="inline-unihan" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述：⿹气奥 
※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號，代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。">鿫</a>。<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见">参见</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：参见">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="化學" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:化學">化學主题</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">元素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E6%94%B6%E8%97%8F" title="元素收藏">元素收藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="同位素列表">同位素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="核素列表">核素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%E8%A9%9E%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學元素名稱詞源列表（页面不存在）">化學元素名稱詞源列表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻">參考文獻</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：參考文獻">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AutoOE-2-1"><a href="#cite_ref-AutoOE-2_1-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pep.com.cn/kcs/alyj/gz/201008/t20100825_741136.htm">教材課程研究所化学元素概念的产生和发展</a>. 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[2017-05-02]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euronuclear.org/info/encyclopedia/p/pure-element.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2017-06-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Pure+element&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronuclear.org%2Finfo%2Fencyclopedia%2Fp%2Fpure-element.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-魏明通2005-8"><a href="#cite_ref-魏明通2005_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">魏明通. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=S8wRoI6d4T0C&pg=PA191">核化學</a>. 五南圖書出版股份有限公司. 2005: 191–. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-957-11-3632-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-957-11-3632-5">ISBN 978-957-11-3632-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=%E9%AD%8F%E6%98%8E%E9%80%9A&rft.btitle=%E6%A0%B8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-957-11-3632-5&rft.pages=191-&rft.pub=%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS8wRoI6d4T0C%26pg%3DPA191&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Dume2003-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Dume2003_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Dumé, B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2003/apr/23/bismuth-breaks-half-life-record-for-alpha-decay">Bismuth breaks half-life record for alpha decay</a>. Physicsworld.com (Bristol, England: Institute of Physics). 2003-04-23 [2015-07-14]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171213214524/http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2003/apr/23/bismuth-breaks-half-life-record-for-alpha-decay">存档</a>于2017-12-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Bismuth+breaks+half-life+record+for+alpha+decay&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.aulast=Dum%C3%A9&rft.date=2003-04-23&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physicsworld.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphysicsworld.com%2Fcws%2Farticle%2Fnews%2F2003%2Fapr%2F23%2Fbismuth-breaks-half-life-record-for-alpha-decay&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Marcillac2003-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Marcillac2003_10-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">de Marcillac, P.; Coron, N.; Dambier, G.; Leblanc, J.; Moalic, J-P. Experimental detection of alpha-particles from the radioactive decay of natural bismuth. Nature. 2003, 422 (6934): 876–8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Natur.422..876D">Bibcode:2003Natur.422..876D</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12712201">PMID 12712201</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature01541">doi:10.1038/nature01541</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Experimental+detection+of+alpha-particles+from+the+radioactive+decay+of+natural+bismuth&rft.au=Coron%2C+N.&rft.au=Dambier%2C+G.&rft.au=Leblanc%2C+J.&rft.au=Moalic%2C+J-P&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.aulast=de+Marcillac&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6934&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=876-8&rft.volume=422&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003Natur.422..876D&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature01541&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12712201&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~ejchaisson/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_stel_6.html">ORIGIN OF HEAVY ELEMENTS</a>. cfa.harvard.edu. [2013-02-26]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925165732/https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~ejchaisson/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_stel_6.html">存档</a>于2020-09-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian+Center+for+Astrophysics&rft.btitle=ORIGIN+OF+HEAVY+ELEMENTS&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=cfa.harvard.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfa.harvard.edu%2F~ejchaisson%2Fcosmic_evolution%2Fdocs%2Ftext%2Ftext_stel_6.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web">United States Environmental Protection Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclides/technetium.html">Technetium-99</a>. epa.gov. [2013-02-26]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150901222619/http://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclides/technetium.html">存档</a>于2015-09-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=%27%27United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27%27&rft.btitle=Technetium-99&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=epa.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epa.gov%2Fradiation%2Fradionuclides%2Ftechnetium.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> See periodic table <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/06/09/national/science-health/name-nihonium-chosen-thank-japanese-public-support-physicist-says/">here</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220220161358/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/06/09/national/science-health/name-nihonium-chosen-thank-japanese-public-support-physicist-says/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） for example. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Glanz, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/07/science/07element.html?hp">Scientists Discover Heavy New Element</a>. The New York Times. 6 April 2010 [15 February 2017]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170619122834/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/07/science/07element.html?hp">存档</a>于19 June 2017）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Scientists+Discover+Heavy+New+Element&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.aulast=Glanz&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F04%2F07%2Fscience%2F07element.html%3Fhp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Bailey, P. D.; Benker, D. E.; Bennett, M. E.; Dmitriev, S. N.; Ezold, J. G.; Hamilton, J. H.; Henderson, R. A.; Itkis, M. G.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Mezentsev, A. N.; Moody, K. J.; Nelson, S. L.; Polyakov, A. N.; Porter, C. E.; Ramayya, A. V.; Riley, F. D.; Roberto, J. B.; Ryabinin, M. A.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; Sagaidak, R. N.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Shirokovsky, I. V.; Stoyer, M. A.; Subbotin, V. G.; Sudowe, R.; Sukhov, A. M.; Tsyganov, Yu. S.; et al. Synthesis of a New Element with Atomic Number Z=117. Physical Review Letters. April 2010, 104 (14): 142502. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PhRvL.104n2502O">Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104n2502O</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20481935">PMID 20481935</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.142502">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.142502</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+a+New+Element+with+Atomic+Number+Z%3D117&rft.au=Abdullin%2C+F.+Sh.&rft.au=Bailey%2C+P.+D.&rft.au=Benker%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+M.+E.&rft.au=Dmitriev%2C+S.+N.&rft.au=Ezold%2C+J.+G.&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+J.+H.&rft.au=Henderson%2C+R.+A.&rft.au=Itkis%2C+M.+G.&rft.au=Lobanov%2C+Yu.+V.&rft.au=Mezentsev%2C+A.+N.&rft.au=Moody%2C+K.+J.&rft.au=Nelson%2C+S.+L.&rft.au=Polyakov%2C+A.+N.&rft.au=Porter%2C+C.+E.&rft.au=Ramayya%2C+A.+V.&rft.au=Riley%2C+F.+D.&rft.au=Roberto%2C+J.+B.&rft.au=Ryabinin%2C+M.+A.&rft.au=Rykaczewski%2C+K.+P.&rft.au=Sagaidak%2C+R.+N.&rft.au=Shaughnessy%2C+D.+A.&rft.au=Shirokovsky%2C+I.+V.&rft.au=Stoyer%2C+M.+A.&rft.au=Subbotin%2C+V.+G.&rft.au=Sudowe%2C+R.&rft.au=Sukhov%2C+A.+M.&rft.au=Tsyganov%2C+Yu.+S.&rft.au=Utyonkov%2C+V.+K.&rft.aufirst=Yu.+Ts.&rft.aulast=Oganessian&rft.date=2010-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=14&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.pages=142502&rft.volume=104&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PhRvL.104n2502O&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.142502&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20481935&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Sanderson, K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/news/2006/061016/full/061016-4.html">Heaviest element made – again</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6_(%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A)" title="自然 (期刊)">Nature News</a>. 2006-10-17 [2017-06-15]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnews061016-4">doi:10.1038/news061016-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516072856/https://www.nature.com/news/2006/061016/full/061016-4.html">存档</a>于2020-05-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Heaviest+element+made+%E2%80%93+again&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.aulast=Sanderson&rft.date=2006-10-17&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnews%2F2006%2F061016%2Ffull%2F061016-4.html&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnews061016-4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Schewe-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schewe_17-0">17.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schewe_17-1">17.1</a> <cite class="citation web">Schewe, P.; Stein, B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120101144201/http://www.aip.org/pnu/2006/797.html">Elements 116 and 118 Are Discovered</a>. Physics News Update. American Institute of Physics. 2000-10-17 [2006-10-19]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aip.org/pnu/2006/797.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-01-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Elements+116+and+118+Are+Discovered&rft.au=Stein%2C+B.&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.aulast=Schewe&rft.date=2000-10-17&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Physics+News+Update&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aip.org%2Fpnu%2F2006%2F797.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Science2013-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Science2013_18-0">18.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Science2013_18-1">18.1</a> <cite class="citation news">Christopher Brooks. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/24460393">The periodic table: how elements get their names</a>. BBC Science. 2013-11-14 [2015-05-17]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150216143640/http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/24460393">存档</a>于2015-02-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=The+periodic+table%3A+how+elements+get+their+names&rft.au=Christopher+Brooks&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fscience%2F0%2F24460393&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-元素百科全書Enghag2008-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-0">19.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-1">19.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-2">19.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-3">19.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-4">19.4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-5">19.5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-6">19.6</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-7">19.7</a> <a href="#cite_ref-元素百科全書Enghag2008_19-8">19.8</a> <cite class="citation book">Per Enghag. The Elements- Origin, Occurence, Discovery And Names（元素 - 起源、出现、發現及名稱）. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=fUmTX8yKU4gC&pg=PA78">Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications（元素百科全書：技術資料 - 歷史 - 加工 - 應用）</a>. John Wiley & Sons. 2008-01-08: 55–78. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-527-61234-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-527-61234-5">ISBN 978-3-527-61234-5</a> （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=The+Elements-+Origin%2C+Occurence%2C+Discovery+And+Names%EF%BC%88%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0+-+%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90%E3%80%81%E5%87%BA%E7%8E%B0%E3%80%81%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E5%8F%8A%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%EF%BC%89&rft.au=Per+Enghag&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Elements%3A+Technical+Data+-+History+-+Processing+-+Applications%EF%BC%88%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%EF%BC%9A%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99+-+%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2+-+%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5+-+%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%EF%BC%89&rft.date=2008-01-08&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-3-527-61234-5&rft.pages=55-78&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfUmTX8yKU4gC%26pg%3DPA78&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 72, "In more modern times it became generally accepted that the discoverer of an element is also entitled to give it a name. However, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, IUPAC, has the final decision about an eleement's name and symbol." </li> <li id="cite_note-Gordin2015-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Gordin2015_21-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Michael D. Gordin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=pAvyBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA184">Scientific Babel How Science Was Done Before and After Global English</a>. University of Chicago Press. 2015-04-13: 178–180. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-226-00029-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-226-00029-9">ISBN 978-0-226-00029-9</a> （英语）. <q>Concern over the dominance of German, especially within chemistry, had been simmering for some time. ... In all these international venues, German was proscribed, and only (alongside Italian) granted a subsidiary status in IUPAC in 1929.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Michael+D.+Gordin&rft.btitle=Scientific+Babel+How+Science+Was+Done+Before+and+After+Global+English&rft.date=2015-04-13&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-226-00029-9&rft.pages=178-180&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpAvyBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA184&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-出版参考1998-22"><a href="#cite_ref-出版参考1998_22-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xuewen.cnki.net/CJFD-CBCK199815004.html">全国科技名词审定委员会公布101—109号元素中文定名</a>. 《出版参考》. 1998年, (15期) [2015-05-17]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918030344/https://xuewen.cnki.net/CJFD-CBCK199815004.html">存档</a>于2020-09-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83101%E2%80%94109%E5%8F%B7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8D&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=15%E6%9C%9F&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E3%80%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxuewen.cnki.net%2FCJFD-CBCK199815004.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-中国科技期刊研究1998-23"><a href="#cite_ref-中国科技期刊研究1998_23-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xuewen.cnki.net/CJFD-CBCK199815004.html">全国科技名词审定委员会公布101—109号元素中文定名</a>. 《中国科技期刊研究》. 1998年, (03期) [2015年5月17日]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918030344/https://xuewen.cnki.net/CJFD-CBCK199815004.html">存档</a>于2020年9月18日）. <q>本刊讯全国科学技术名词审定委员会化学名词审定分委员会于1998年1月中旬召开了无机化学名词组扩大会议,会议根据国际纯粹与应用化学联合会(IUPAC)1997年8月27日决定对101~109号元素英文名称重新命名的意见,审定了相应的中文命名。参加会议的有化学、物理学方面的专家和语言文字方面的工作者,会议在前一个阶段征求意见的基础上,审定了我国101~109号元素的中文名称。其定名中使用的汉字已征得国家语言文字工作委员会的同意,经全国科学技术名词审定委员会批准,1998年7月8日正式公布使用。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83101%E2%80%94109%E5%8F%B7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8D&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=03%E6%9C%9F&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxuewen.cnki.net%2FCJFD-CBCK199815004.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-石定栩周荐董琨等2014-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-石定栩周荐董琨等2014_24-0">24.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-石定栩周荐董琨等2014_24-1">24.1</a> <cite class="citation book">石定栩; 周荐; 董琨. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=eoUQBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA49">基於華語教學的語言文字研究</a>. 商務(香港)印書館. 2014-06-09: 49. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-962-07-2863-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-962-07-2863-1">ISBN 978-962-07-2863-1</a> （英语）. <q>又如101-11號元素，...(IUPAC)對其重新命名之後，兩岸化學專家經過研討，對11個元素的定名達成一致意見。於是，目前兩岸100號之後的元素名稱是完全一致的。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E8%8D%90&rft.au=%E7%9F%B3%E5%AE%9A%E6%A0%A9&rft.au=%E8%91%A3%E7%90%A8&rft.btitle=%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%BC%E8%8F%AF%E8%AA%9E%E6%95%99%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.date=2014-06-09&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-962-07-2863-1&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=%E5%95%86%E5%8B%99%28%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%29%E5%8D%B0%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeoUQBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA49&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 72, "Table 3.10 Elements known in antiquity" </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPershinaHoffman2003" class="citation">Pershina, V.; Hoffman, D.C., The Chemistry of the Heaviest Elements, Kaldor, U.; Wilson, Stephen (编), Theoretical Chemistry and Physics of Heavy and Superheavy Elements, Springer Science & Business Media, 2003, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9789048163137" title="Special:网络书源/9789048163137">ISBN 9789048163137</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-017-0105-1">doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0105-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=The+Chemistry+of+the+Heaviest+Elements&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+D.C.&rft.aufirst=V.&rft.aulast=Pershina&rft.btitle=Theoretical+Chemistry+and+Physics+of+Heavy+and+Superheavy+Elements&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=9789048163137&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-017-0105-1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 76, "Personal names are sparingly used in the etymology of element names. This probably has something to do with the fact that Berzelius very firmly took a definite position against the use of personal names as element names. When the metal tungsten was discovered and the chemical world disputed over the names wolfram or tungsten, the famous mineralogist A. G. Werner in Freiberg proposed the name schelium in honor of Scheele and his considerable preparatory work with "tungstic oxide". Berzelius rejected the proposal abruptly for two reasons: "The name is not suitable from the viewpoint of the Swedish language and the immortality of our compatriot has no need of such support." After that the name became tungsten in England and the USA, tungstene in France and wolfram in Germany, Sweden and many other countries." </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 76, " When the transuranic elements were synthesized element names derived from personal names became usual: - Curium: Marie and Pierre Curie. - Einsteinium: Albert Einstein - Fermium: Enrico Fermi - Mendelevium: Dmitrij Mendelejev - Nobelium: Alfred Nobel - Lawrencium :Ernest O. Lawrence, the inventor of the cyclotron" </li> <li id="cite_note-Syamal-29"><a href="#cite_ref-Syamal_29-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Arun Syamal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=RJ6B1SrCJ5sC&pg=PA65">Living Science Chemistry 9</a>. Ratna Sagar. 2007: 65. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-8332-192-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-8332-192-1">ISBN 978-81-8332-192-1</a> （英语）. <q>Most of the universally accepted symbols for elements at present were first introduced by the Swedish chemist J J Berzelius (1779—1848). He suggested that the symbols of elements be made frome one or two letters of the name of the element.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Arun+Syamal&rft.btitle=Living+Science+Chemistry+9&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-8332-192-1&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Ratna+Sagar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRJ6B1SrCJ5sC%26pg%3DPA65&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 78, 'J. J. Berzelius in 1813 formulated a simple, brilliant proposal: "Let the first letter in the name of the element be the symbol! Or two letters from the element's name. But select the letters from the Latin name of the element. Then it will be intelligible in all countries".' </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 79,"It is very satisfactory that the same chemical symbolic language is used all over the world irrespective of the type of the national language." </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications, 2008, page 79,"In Russia, China, Japan and other countries with language systems quite different from the European/ American system, all the same symbols are used, expressed with the Latin letters." </li> <li id="cite_note-Auto4Q-1-33"><a href="#cite_ref-Auto4Q-1_33-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=E_sdAQAAMAAJ">科學月刊</a>. 343-348. 科學月刊雜誌社. July 1998: 588 （中文（繁體））. <q>...以元素 106 命名為「𨭎」( Sg , seaborgium ) ，應該實至名歸。爭議則純屬區域政治化, 及意氣用事之舉。以歐洲國家成員為主力的國際純粹及應用化學聯盟(IUPAC)的命名委員會,不滿美國代表機構(如美國化學會)的要求,認為美國人獨大專斷,於是故作...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.btitle=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%88%E5%88%8A&rft.date=1998-07&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=588&rft.pub=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%88%E5%88%8A%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C%E7%A4%BE&rft.series=343-348&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE_sdAQAAMAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-科技术语研究17-18-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-科技术语研究17-18_34-0">34.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-科技术语研究17-18_34-1">34.1</a> <cite class="citation journal">关于101—109号元素中文定名的说明. 科技术语研究. 1998, (1): 17–18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E101%E2%80%94109%E5%8F%B7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.pages=17-18&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.blsh.tp.edu.tw/science-i/content/1985/00100190/0008.htm">中文化學名詞的演變（上）</a>. 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href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table class="wraplinks" style="width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">IA 1</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">IIA 2</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">IIIB 3</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">IVB 4</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">VB 5</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">VIB 6</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">VIIB 7</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">VIIIB 8</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">VIIIB 9</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">VIIIB 10</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">IB 11</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">IIB 12</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">IIIA 13</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">IVA 14</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">VA 15</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">VIA 16</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">VIIA 17</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">VIIIA 18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">1</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">Li</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">B</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">C</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">N</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">O</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">F</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">Na</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">Al</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">Si</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">P</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">S</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">Cl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">K</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">Sc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">Ti</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">V</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">Cr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">Mn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">Fe</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">Co</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">Ni</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">Cu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">Zn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">Ga</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">Ge</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">As</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">Se</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">Br</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">Rb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">Sr</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">Y</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">Zr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">Nb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">Mo</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">Tc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">Ru</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">Rh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">Pd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">Ag</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">Cd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">In</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">Sn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">Sb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">Te</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">I</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">Cs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">Ba</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">La</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">Ce</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">Pr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">Nd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">Pm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">Sm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">Eu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">Gd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">Tb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">Dy</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">Ho</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">Er</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">Tm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">Yb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">Lu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">Hf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">Ta</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">W</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">Re</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">Os</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">Ir</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">Pt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">Au</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">Hg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">Tl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">Pb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">Bi</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">Po</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">At</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">Fr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">Ra</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">Ac</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">Th</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">Pa</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">U</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">Np</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">Pu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">Am</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">Cm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">Bk</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">Cf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">Es</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">Fm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">Md</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">No</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">Lr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">Rf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">Db</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">Sg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">Bh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">Hs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">Mt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">Ds</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">Rg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">Cn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">Nh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">Fl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">Mc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">Lv</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">Ts</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="相關項目" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關項目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">化學元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/0%E8%99%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="0號元素">0號元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="扩展元素周期表">扩展元素周期表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="同位素列表">同位素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E8%B1%90%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地球的地殼元素豐度列表">地球的地殼元素豐度列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">元素列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80051378">.mw-parser-output ._addText{content:"\3c noinclude\3e {{pp-vandalism}}\3c /noinclude\3e "}.mw-parser-output .isotope-menu-content ul{list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .isotope-menu-content li{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .isotope-menu-dropdown{direction:ltr;float:left;cursor:pointer;position:relative;line-height:1.125em}.mw-parser-output .isotope-menu-dropdown 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.mcBotoSel{background-color:#ffe147;border-color:#ffe977 #ffd813 #ffe147 #ffe977}.mw-parser-output .mcGroc .mcContingut{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#ffe147 #ffd813 #ffd813 #ffe147}.mw-parser-output .mcGroc .mcPestanya{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#ffd813 #88abde #88abde #ffd813}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcBoto{background-color:#ffbd7f;border-color:#ffd0a4 #ffac5d #ff9d42 #ffd0a4}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcBoto a,.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcBoto strong{color:#ff820e!important;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcBoto a:hover .mcTaronja .mcBoto strong:hover{color:black!important;text-decoration:underline}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcBotoSel{background-color:#ff9d42;border-color:#ffac5d #ff820e #ff9d42 #ffac5d}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcContingut{background-color:#ffeedd;border-color:#ff9d42 #ff820e #ff820e #ff9d42}.mw-parser-output .mcTaronja .mcPestanya{background-color:#ffeedd;border-color:#ff820e #ffac5d #ffac5d #ff820e}</style><div id="mc0" class="mcBlau"> <div class="skin-invert"> <div id="mc0bt1" class="mcBotoSel"><a href="#彩色">彩色</a></div><div id="mc0bt2" class="mcBoto"><a href="#通用色彩">通用色彩</a></div></div><div class="mcContingut"> <div id="mc0ps1" class="mcPestanya" style="display:block;visibility:visible;"> <table style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="33"> </td> <td rowspan="9"> <table style="border:1px solid #ffffff; font-size:smaller; width:100%; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_9">穩定9個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_6">穩定6個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_5">穩定5個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_4">穩定4個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_3">穩定3個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_2">穩定2個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_stable_1">穩定1個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_100My">1億年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky">1万年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_10y">10年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_100d">100日〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_1d">1日〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_1h">1時〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_10m">10分〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_1m">1分〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_10s">10秒〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_1s">1秒〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_halflife_L1s">不到1秒 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_magicnumber" style="background-color:#FFF;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E6%95%B0_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="幻数 (物理学)">幻數</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <td colspan="31" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="半衰期約10.18分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/0%E8%99%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="0號元素">0</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="中子的同位素">n</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">自由中子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="雙中子">雙中子</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">1</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氫的同位素">H</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="氫原子">氕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%98" title="氘">氘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9A" title="氚">氚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB-4" title="氫-4">氫-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB-5" title="氫-5">氫-5</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2 Isotope_nav_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氦的同位素">He</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="雙質子">氦-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-3" title="氦-3">氦-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-4" title="氦-4">氦-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Α粒子">α粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-5" title="氦-5">氦-5</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋰的同位素">Li</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0-3" title="鋰-3">鋰-3</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈹的同位素">Be</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9-8" title="鈹-8">鈹-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9-10" title="鈹-10">鈹-10</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">5</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硼的同位素">B</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碳的同位素">C</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-11" title="碳-11">碳-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-12" title="碳-12">碳-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-13" title="碳-13">碳-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-14" title="碳-14">碳-14</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">7</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氮的同位素">N</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE-13" title="氮-13">氮-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE-14" title="氮-14">氮-14</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_3 Isotope_nav_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">8</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氧的同位素">O</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-16" title="氧-16">氧-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-17" title="氧-17">氧-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-18" title="氧-18">氧-18</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">9</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氟的同位素">F</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F-18" title="氟-18">氟-18</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">10</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氖的同位素">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">11</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈉的同位素">Na</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0-23" class="mw-redirect" title="钠-23">鈉-23</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">12</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎂的同位素">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">13</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋁的同位素">Al</a> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">14</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="矽的同位素">Si</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">15</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="磷的同位素">P</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7-30" title="磷-30">磷-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7-32" title="磷-32">磷-32</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">16</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硫的同位素">S</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">17</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氯的同位素">Cl</a> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">18</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氬的同位素">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">19</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉀的同位素">K</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE-40" title="钾-40">鉀-40</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5 Isotope_nav_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">20</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈣的同位素">Ca</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99-48" title="钙-48">鈣-48</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">21</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈧的同位素">Sc</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">22</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈦的同位素">Ti</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">23</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釩的同位素">V</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">24</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉻的同位素">Cr</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">25</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錳的同位素">Mn</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">26</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐵的同位素">Fe</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5-56" title="鐵-56">鐵-56</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">27</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈷的同位素">Co</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7-60" title="鈷-60">鈷-60</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5 Isotope_nav_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">28</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎳的同位素">Ni</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3-62" title="鎳-62">鎳-62</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">29</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銅的同位素">Cu</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">30</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋅的同位素">Zn</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">31</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎵的同位素">Ga</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">32</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍺的同位素">Ge</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">33</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="砷的同位素">As</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">34</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硒的同位素">Se</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">35</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="溴的同位素">Br</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">36</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氪的同位素">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">37</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銣的同位素">Rb</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">38</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍶的同位素">Sr</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6-90" title="鍶-90">鍶-90</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">39</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%94%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釔的同位素">Y</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">40</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋯的同位素">Zr</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">41</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈮的同位素">Nb</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">42</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉬的同位素">Mo</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約421.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">43</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎝的同位素">Tc</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D-99m" title="鎝-99m">鎝-99m</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">44</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釕的同位素">Ru</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">45</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銠的同位素">Rh</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">46</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈀的同位素">Pd</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">47</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銀的同位素">Ag</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">48</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎘的同位素">Cd</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89-113m" title="镉-113m">鎘-113m</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">49</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銦的同位素">In</a> </td> <td title="10個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_9 Isotope_nav_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">50</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錫的同位素">Sn</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1-121m" title="锡-121m">錫-121m</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1-121m1" title="锡-121m1">錫-121m1</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">51</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銻的同位素">Sb</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">52</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碲的同位素">Te</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">53</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碘的同位素">I</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98-131" title="碘-131">碘-131</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">54</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氙的同位素">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">55</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銫的同位素">Cs</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB-137" title="銫-137">銫-137</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">56</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%87%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋇的同位素">Ba</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">57</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑭的同位素">La</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">58</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈰的同位素">Ce</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">59</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐠的同位素">Pr</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">60</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釹的同位素">Nd</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約17.70年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">61</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉕的同位素">Pm</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">62</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A4%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釤的同位素">Sm</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">63</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銪的同位素">Eu</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">64</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%93%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釓的同位素">Gd</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">65</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋱的同位素">Tb</a> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">66</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="镝的同位素">Dy</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">67</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈥的同位素">Ho</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">68</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="铒的同位素">Er</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">69</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銩的同位素">Tm</a> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">70</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐿的同位素">Yb</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">71</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎦的同位素">Lu</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">72</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉿的同位素">Hf</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">73</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉭的同位素">Ta</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">74</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎢的同位素">W</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">75</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錸的同位素">Re</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">76</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋨的同位素">Os</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">77</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銥的同位素">Ir</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">78</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉑的同位素">Pt</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">79</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="金的同位素">Au</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91-198" title="金-198">金-198</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">80</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="汞的同位素">Hg</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">81</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%88%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉈的同位素">Tl</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_stable_4 Isotope_nav_magicnumber" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">82</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉛的同位素">Pb</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.01×10^19年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_100My" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">83</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉍的同位素">Bi</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B-209" title="铋-209">鉍-209</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約125.20年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">84</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%99%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釙的同位素">Po</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B-210" title="钋-210">釙-210</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.10小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1h" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">85</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="砈的同位素">At</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.82天" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1d" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">86</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氡的同位素">Rn</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1-222" title="氡-222">氡-222</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="半衰期約22.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">87</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍅的同位素">Fr</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1600.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">88</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐳的同位素">Ra</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約21.77年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">89</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錒的同位素">Ac</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92-225" title="錒-225">錒-225</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約140.50億年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_100My"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">90</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釷的同位素">Th</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7-230" title="釷-230">釷-230</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.28萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">91</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鏷的同位素">Pa</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約44.68億年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_100My"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">92</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈾的同位素">U</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-232" title="鈾-232">鈾-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-233" title="鈾-233">鈾-233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-235" title="鈾-235">鈾-235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-238" title="鈾-238">鈾-238</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約214.40萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">93</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錼的同位素">Np</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8080.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">94</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈽的同位素">Pu</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD-238" title="鈽-238">鈽-238</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約7369.99年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">95</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋂的同位素">Am</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%87-241" title="鎇-241">鋂-241</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約1560.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">96</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋦的同位素">Cm</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1380.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">97</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锫的同位素">Bk</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約898.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">98</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锎的同位素">Cf</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.29年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_100d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">99</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑀的同位素">Es</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.35個月" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_100d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">100</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐨的同位素">Fm</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.71個月" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">101</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="钔的同位素">Md</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約58.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">102</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锘的同位素">No</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約11.00小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1h"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">103</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐒的同位素">Lr</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約48.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">104</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑪的同位素">Rf</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約16.00小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1h"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">105</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨧀的同位素">Db</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約9.80分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">106</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨭎的同位素">Sg</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.40分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">107</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨨏的同位素">Bh</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約46.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">108</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨭆的同位素">Hs</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">109</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="䥑的同位素">Mt</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約14.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">110</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐽的同位素">Ds</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">111</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錀的同位素">Rg</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約30.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">112</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎶的同位素">Cn</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">113</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉨的同位素">Nh</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.90秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">114</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈇的同位素">Fl</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約0.65秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">115</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鏌的同位素">Mc</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約53.00毫秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">116</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉝的同位素">Lv</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約51.00毫秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">117</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鿬的同位素">Ts</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約7.00×10^-4秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">118</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鿫的同位素">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear: both;"></div></div><div id="mc0ps2" class="mcPestanya" style="display:none;visibility:hidden;"> <table style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="33"> </td> <td rowspan="9"> <table style="border:1px solid #ffffff; font-size:smaller; width:100%; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_9">穩定9個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6">穩定6個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5">穩定5個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4">穩定4個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3">穩定3個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2">穩定2個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1">穩定1個 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100My">1億年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky">1万年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y">10年〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100d">100日〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1d">1日〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1h">1時〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10m">10分〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1m">1分〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10s">10秒〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1s">1秒〜 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_L1s">不到1秒 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber" style="background-color:#FFF;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E6%95%B0_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="幻数 (物理学)">幻數</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <td colspan="31" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="半衰期約10.18分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/0%E8%99%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="0號元素">0</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="中子的同位素">n</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">自由中子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="雙中子">雙中子</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">1</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氫的同位素">H</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="氫原子">氕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%98" title="氘">氘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9A" title="氚">氚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB-4" title="氫-4">氫-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB-5" title="氫-5">氫-5</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氦的同位素">He</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="雙質子">氦-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-3" title="氦-3">氦-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-4" title="氦-4">氦-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Α粒子">α粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6-5" title="氦-5">氦-5</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋰的同位素">Li</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0-3" title="鋰-3">鋰-3</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈹的同位素">Be</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9-8" title="鈹-8">鈹-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9-10" title="鈹-10">鈹-10</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">5</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硼的同位素">B</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碳的同位素">C</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-11" title="碳-11">碳-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-12" title="碳-12">碳-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-13" title="碳-13">碳-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-14" title="碳-14">碳-14</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">7</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氮的同位素">N</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE-13" title="氮-13">氮-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE-14" title="氮-14">氮-14</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">8</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氧的同位素">O</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-16" title="氧-16">氧-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-17" title="氧-17">氧-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7-18" title="氧-18">氧-18</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">9</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氟的同位素">F</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F-18" title="氟-18">氟-18</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">10</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氖的同位素">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">11</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈉的同位素">Na</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0-23" class="mw-redirect" title="钠-23">鈉-23</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">12</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎂的同位素">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">13</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋁的同位素">Al</a> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">14</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="矽的同位素">Si</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">15</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="磷的同位素">P</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7-30" title="磷-30">磷-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7-32" title="磷-32">磷-32</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">16</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硫的同位素">S</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">17</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氯的同位素">Cl</a> </td> <td title="3個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">18</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氬的同位素">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">19</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉀的同位素">K</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE-40" title="钾-40">鉀-40</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">20</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈣的同位素">Ca</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99-48" title="钙-48">鈣-48</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">21</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈧的同位素">Sc</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">22</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈦的同位素">Ti</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">23</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釩的同位素">V</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">24</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉻的同位素">Cr</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">25</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錳的同位素">Mn</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">26</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐵的同位素">Fe</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5-56" title="鐵-56">鐵-56</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">27</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈷的同位素">Co</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7-60" title="鈷-60">鈷-60</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">28</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎳的同位素">Ni</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3-62" title="鎳-62">鎳-62</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">29</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銅的同位素">Cu</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">30</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋅的同位素">Zn</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">31</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎵的同位素">Ga</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">32</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍺的同位素">Ge</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">33</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="砷的同位素">As</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">34</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="硒的同位素">Se</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">35</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="溴的同位素">Br</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">36</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氪的同位素">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">37</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銣的同位素">Rb</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">38</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍶的同位素">Sr</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6-90" title="鍶-90">鍶-90</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">39</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%94%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釔的同位素">Y</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">40</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋯的同位素">Zr</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">41</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈮的同位素">Nb</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">42</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉬的同位素">Mo</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約421.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">43</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎝的同位素">Tc</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%9D-99m" title="鎝-99m">鎝-99m</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">44</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釕的同位素">Ru</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">45</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銠的同位素">Rh</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">46</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈀的同位素">Pd</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">47</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銀的同位素">Ag</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">48</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎘的同位素">Cd</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89-113m" title="镉-113m">鎘-113m</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">49</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銦的同位素">In</a> </td> <td title="10個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_9 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">50</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錫的同位素">Sn</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1-121m" title="锡-121m">錫-121m</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1-121m1" title="锡-121m1">錫-121m1</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">51</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銻的同位素">Sb</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">52</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碲的同位素">Te</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">53</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="碘的同位素">I</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98-131" title="碘-131">碘-131</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">54</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氙的同位素">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">55</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銫的同位素">Cs</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB-137" title="銫-137">銫-137</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">56</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%87%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋇的同位素">Ba</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">57</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑭的同位素">La</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">58</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈰的同位素">Ce</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">59</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐠的同位素">Pr</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">60</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釹的同位素">Nd</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約17.70年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">61</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉕的同位素">Pm</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">62</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A4%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釤的同位素">Sm</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">63</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銪的同位素">Eu</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">64</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%93%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釓的同位素">Gd</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">65</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋱的同位素">Tb</a> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">66</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="镝的同位素">Dy</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">67</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈥的同位素">Ho</a> </td> <td title="6個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">68</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="铒的同位素">Er</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">69</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銩的同位素">Tm</a> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">70</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐿的同位素">Yb</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">71</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎦的同位素">Lu</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">72</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉿的同位素">Hf</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">73</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉭的同位素">Ta</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">74</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎢的同位素">W</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">75</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錸的同位素">Re</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">76</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋨的同位素">Os</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">77</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="銥的同位素">Ir</a> </td> <td title="5個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_5" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">78</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉑的同位素">Pt</a> </td> <td title="1個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_1" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">79</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="金的同位素">Au</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91-198" title="金-198">金-198</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="7個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_6" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">80</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="汞的同位素">Hg</a> </td> <td title="2個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_2" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">81</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%88%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉈的同位素">Tl</a> </td> <td title="4個穩定同位素" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_stable_4 Isotope_nav_color_universal_magicnumber" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">82</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉛的同位素">Pb</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.01×10^19年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100My" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">83</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%8D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉍的同位素">Bi</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B-209" title="铋-209">鉍-209</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約125.20年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">84</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%99%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釙的同位素">Po</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B-210" title="钋-210">釙-210</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.10小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1h" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">85</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%88%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="砈的同位素">At</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.82天" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1d" width="3.125%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">86</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="氡的同位素">Rn</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1-222" title="氡-222">氡-222</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td title="半衰期約22.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">87</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%85%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鍅的同位素">Fr</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1600.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">88</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐳的同位素">Ra</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約21.77年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">89</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錒的同位素">Ac</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92-225" title="錒-225">錒-225</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約140.50億年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100My"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">90</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="釷的同位素">Th</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B7-230" title="釷-230">釷-230</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.28萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">91</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鏷的同位素">Pa</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約44.68億年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100My"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">92</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈾的同位素">U</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-232" title="鈾-232">鈾-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-233" title="鈾-233">鈾-233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-235" title="鈾-235">鈾-235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE-238" title="鈾-238">鈾-238</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約214.40萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">93</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錼的同位素">Np</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8080.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">94</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈽的同位素">Pu</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BD-238" title="鈽-238">鈽-238</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約7369.99年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">95</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%82%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋂的同位素">Am</a><div class="vector-menu-content isotope-menu-content"><ul class="menu vector-menu-content-list" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%87-241" title="鎇-241">鋂-241</a></li></ul> </ul></div> </td> <td title="半衰期約1560.00萬年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10Ky"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">96</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋦的同位素">Cm</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1380.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">97</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锫的同位素">Bk</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約898.00年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10y"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">98</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锎的同位素">Cf</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.29年" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">99</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑀的同位素">Es</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約3.35個月" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_100d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">100</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐨的同位素">Fm</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.71個月" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1d"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">101</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="钔的同位素">Md</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約58.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">102</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="锘的同位素">No</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約11.00小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1h"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">103</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐒的同位素">Lr</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約48.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">104</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鑪的同位素">Rf</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約16.00小時" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1h"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">105</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨧀的同位素">Db</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約9.80分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">106</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨭎的同位素">Sg</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.40分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">107</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨨏的同位素">Bh</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約46.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">108</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="𨭆的同位素">Hs</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">109</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="䥑的同位素">Mt</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約14.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">110</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鐽的同位素">Ds</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約2.00分鐘" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1m"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">111</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="錀的同位素">Rg</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約30.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_10s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">112</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鎶的同位素">Cn</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約8.00秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">113</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉨的同位素">Nh</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約1.90秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">114</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鈇的同位素">Fl</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約0.65秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">115</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鏌的同位素">Mc</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約53.00毫秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">116</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鉝的同位素">Lv</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約51.00毫秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">117</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鿬的同位素">Ts</a> </td> <td title="半衰期約7.00×10^-4秒" class="isotope-menu-td Isotope_nav_color_universal_halflife_L1s"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">118</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鿫的同位素">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear: both;"></div></div></div></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th 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