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mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-KV16 rootpage-KV16 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Edukira joan</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu nagusia" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu nagusia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu nagusia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nabigazioa </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Azala" title="Azala bisitatu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Azala</span></a></li><li id="n-Txikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Txikipedia:Azala"><span>Txikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Ikusgela" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza/Ikusgela"><span>Ikusgela</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Txokoa" title="Proiektuaren inguruan, zer egin dezakezu, non aurkitu nahi duzuna"><span>Txokoa</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:AzkenAldaketak" title="Wikiko azken aldaketen zerrenda. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=KV16&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=KV16&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=KV16&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=KV16&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Testuinguru_historikoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Testuinguru_historikoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Testuinguru historikoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Testuinguru_historikoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kokapena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kokapena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kokapena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kokapena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apaindura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apaindura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Apaindura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apaindura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indusketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indusketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Indusketa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indusketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">KV16</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 18 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A9_16" title="مقبرة 16 – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقبرة 16" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%87_16" title="مقبره 16 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مقبره 16" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8016" title="केवी16 – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="केवी16" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kir%C3%A1lyok_v%C3%B6lgye_16" title="Királyok völgye 16 – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Királyok völgye 16" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_DK_16" title="Graf DK 16 – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Graf DK 16" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV16" title="KV16 – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="KV16" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2634186#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KV16" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:KV16&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KV16"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/KV16"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/KV16" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/KV16" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&oldid=8266097" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=KV16&id=8266097&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DKV16%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DKV16%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=KV16"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=KV16&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:KV16" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2634186" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Koordenatu_geografiko_sistema" class="mw-redirect" title="Koordenatu geografiko sistema">Koordenatuak</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8629292">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=KV16&params=25.75_N_32.6143_E_region:_type:_scale:_dim:_globe:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°45′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">32°36′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.75°N 32.6143°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.75; 32.6143</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #bbb; padding:3px;">KV16</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I,_Valle_de_las_Reyes,_Luxor,_Egipto,_2022-04-03,_DD_98.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg/285px-Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg" decoding="async" width="285" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg/428px-Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg/570px-Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_I%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_98.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7105" data-file-height="4508" /></a></span> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"> Kanpoaldea </span></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:KV16_Rameses_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/KV16_Rameses_1.jpg/285px-KV16_Rameses_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="285" height="422" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/KV16_Rameses_1.jpg/428px-KV16_Rameses_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/KV16_Rameses_1.jpg/570px-KV16_Rameses_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1847" data-file-height="2734" /></a></span> <span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"> Planoa </span></div></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:KV16" title="c:Category:KV16"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/10px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:KV16" class="extiw" title="c:Category:KV16">Irudi gehiago</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Kokapena</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Koordenatuak</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8629292">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=KV16&params=25.75_N_32.6143_E_region:_type:_scale:_dim:_globe:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°45′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">32°36′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.75°N 32.6143°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.75; 32.6143</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-lat="25.75" data-lon="32.6143" data-overlays="["_0145be3f39dd0e5bb747f23631f4051eac540cc9"]" href="/wiki/Berezi:Map/12/25.75/32.6143/eu"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,25.75,32.6143,280x200.png?lang=eu&domain=eu.wikipedia.org&title=KV16&revid=8266097&groups=_0145be3f39dd0e5bb747f23631f4051eac540cc9" width="280" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,25.75,32.6143,280x200@2x.png?lang=eu&domain=eu.wikipedia.org&title=KV16&revid=8266097&groups=_0145be3f39dd0e5bb747f23631f4051eac540cc9 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Erabiltzailea</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ramses_I.a" title="Ramses I.a">Ramses I.a</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Arkitektura</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Dimentsioak</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">49,34 (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="luzera"><img alt="luzera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/15px-Chess_urt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/23px-Chess_urt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/30px-Chess_urt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span>) m</span> <br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Azalera</th><td class="infobox-data">147,94 m²</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: upper-roman;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>KV16</b> <a href="/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto">Egiptoko</a> <a href="/wiki/Luxor" title="Luxor">Luxor</a> hirian dagoen <a href="/wiki/Erregeen_harana" title="Erregeen harana">Erregeen Haraneko</a> hilobi bat da. <a href="/wiki/Egiptoko_XIX._dinastia" title="Egiptoko XIX. dinastia">Egiptoko XIX. dinastiaren</a> sortzailea izan zen <a href="/wiki/Ramses_I.a" title="Ramses I.a">Ramses I.a</a> da bertan lurperatuta dagoena. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Testuinguru_historikoa">Testuinguru historikoa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Testuinguru historikoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Testuinguru historikoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Faraoi koroatua Menpehtyra Ramses izenarekin, inork ez zuen uste hain edadetua zen faraoi hark erabateko boterea lortuko zuenik <a href="/wiki/Egiptoko_XVIII._dinastia" title="Egiptoko XVIII. dinastia">Egiptoko XVIII. dinastiarekin</a> senidetuta egon gabe. <a href="/wiki/Avaris" title="Avaris">Avarisen</a> jatorria zuena, hiksoen hiriburu suntsitu eta gorrotatua, Paramesu komandantea postuak igotzen joan zen <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a> faraoiaren erregealdian honen bisir eta bigarren bihurtu arte. Bi pertsonaia hauek eta hauen ondorengoek Amarna garai zurrunbilotsuko erregeekin izan zuten jokaera dela eta, Horemhebek zein Paramesuk <a href="/wiki/Amon" title="Amon">Amon</a> jainkoaren gurtza berezartzerako orduan zerikusi oso garrantzitsua izan zutela uste da, ondoren, <a href="/wiki/Akenaton" title="Akenaton">Akhenaton</a> eta honen familia guztiaren lehen jazartzaile bihurtuz. </p><p>Gizonezko oinordeko baten falta zela eta, Horemhebek bere bisirra lotu zuen tronura erabateko normaltasunez. Ondoren Ramses I.a izango zena oso edadetua bazen ere, oinordekotza ziurtatua zegoela zirudien, garai hartan beranduago <a href="/wiki/Seti_I.a" title="Seti I.a">Seti I.a</a> izango zena heldua baitzen, seme bat ere bazuelarik, beranduago <a href="/wiki/Ramses_II.a" title="Ramses II.a">Ramses II.a</a> izango zena. Baliteke, baita ere, ramesidar leinua Horemheben familiarekin zenbait ezkontzen bidez senidetuta egotea, are gehiago legitimatuz dinastia berriaren etorrera. Edonola ere, dirudienez, Horemheb hil ondoren Paramesu Ramses I.a izenarekin tronuratu zen inongo asaldapenik gabe eta barne egonkortasuna erabatekoa zen garai batean. </p><p>XIX. dinastiaren sortzaileak soilik 16 hilabeteko erregealdia izan zuen, <a href="/wiki/K._a._1300ko_hamarkada" class="mw-redirect" title="K. a. 1300ko hamarkada">K. a. 1306tik</a> <a href="/wiki/K._a._1300ko_hamarkada" class="mw-redirect" title="K. a. 1300ko hamarkada">K. a. 1305</a> arte gutxi gora-behera, egileren batzuk apur bat beranduago datatzen duten arren, K. a. 1292tik K. a. 1291 arte. Ramses I.ak hain denbora laburrean ze paper bete zuen ezagutzen ez den arren, litekeenena dinastia berria ezartzera eta Horemheben ekintza bide berberak jarraitzera dedikatu izana da. Trantsiziozko bere erregealdi laburraren ondoren tronua bere seme Seti I.arentzat pasa zen, enpresa berrien eraikuntza eta Asian galdutako inperioa berreskuratzeko lanak grina handiagoz berabiaraziko zituena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kokapena">Kokapena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kokapena»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kokapena"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ramses I.aren hilobia Erregeen Haranaren erdigunean dago, nekropoliko hegoekialdeko wadiaren sarreran, ardatza ia erabat hegomendebaldera lerrokatua duelarik. Bere sarrera <a href="/wiki/KV17" title="KV17">KV17</a> hilobitik oso metro gutxira dago, <a href="/w/index.php?title=KV10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KV10 (sortu gabe)">KV10</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=KV11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KV11 (sortu gabe)">KV11</a> dauden magal berean, hauek apur bat mendebalderago daudelarik. Inguruan dauden bese zenbait hilobik bezala, KV16k tebastar nekropoliek aldiro-aldiro jasan dituzten uholde bortitz eta urriek eragindako kalteak jasan ditu, baina ez beste hilobi batzuk jasan dituzten bezain kalte handiak. </p><p>KV16ren oinplanoak hilobiaren eraikuntza oso azkarra izan zela adierazten du, korrika eta presaka egina, arkitektura apaindurei eta zaintzei erreparatu gabe. Hala ere, maisutasun handiz eraiki zen, baina soiltasunez eta tokia eta denbora aurreztuz. Lehen gelak garai hartako errege hilobi baten ohiko diseinuzkoak dira, Ramses I.aren aurreko faraoia izan zen Horemhebi zegokion betiereko atsedenerako tokiaren parekoa: sarrera eskailera bat (A), beherantz zihoan malda handi bat duen arrapala (B) eta azken eskailera bat (C). Pasabide hauen neurriak beste errege hilobi batzuetakoekin alderatuta txikiagoak dira, zalantzarik gabe, faraoia oso edadetua zelako. Kontu izate honek bere arrazoiak izan zituen azkenean, bigarren eskailera amaitu eta gutxira hil baitzen Ramses I.a </p><p>Orduan, <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medinako</a> eraikitzaileek, euren profesionaltasuna erakutsiz, lanak nabarmen bizkortu zituzten, hil ganbera txiki bat inprobisatuz (J), ondo zulatu eta leundua, baita apainduraz josia ere hildako erregearen loriarako. Denbora gehiago bizi izan balitz, inongo zalantzarik gabe ohiko gelekin jarraituko zen (pasabide bat, hil putzua, zutabeen gela, bi korridore gehiago, aurreganbera bat eta kripta bera) baina hilabete batzuk baino ez zituzten ohi urte mordoa ematen ziren lanak egiteko. Hala ere, baliteke euren lana Seti I.a koroatua izan aurretik amaitu izana, Ramses I.a baltsamatua zen bitartean, bi alboko ganbera nano zulatzea lortu baitzuten (Ja eta Jc), baita aurreko nitxo bat ere (Jb) hil hatu gehiago jartzeko. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apaindura">Apaindura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Apaindura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Apaindura"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ramses I.a bere hilobia amaitu aurretik hil izanak apaindura programa nabarmenki murriztu zuen, KV16ko gelarik garrantzitsuena zen hil ganbera soilik margotuz. Hilobiaren gainontzeko gela guztiak apaindurarik gabe geratu ziren, XVIII. dinastiaren hasierako antzinako ohitura bezala, kasu honetan denbora faltaren ondorio izan zen arren. Hala eta guztiz ere, KV16ko margoek Ramses I.aren aurreko erregea izan zen Horemheben hilobia den <a href="/wiki/KV57" title="KV57">KV57koen</a> antz handia dute, formetan zein irudietan, egileak ere berberak izan zirela pentsarazten dutelarik. Aurreko faraoiaren hilobiko hain bereizgarria den urdin-grisazka koloreko atzealdea ere erabiltzen da. </p><p>Uholdeek ia ez dute errukirik izan KV16 hilobiarekin, eta apaindurak kalte handiak jasan ditu: eskena ugari eta zenbait kolore galdu egin dira, tokiren batzuetan igeltsatutako azala altxatu ere egin delarik. Hilobian, J ganberan zein Jb nitxoan agertzen den hil testu bakarra <a href="/wiki/Ateen_Liburua" title="Ateen Liburua">Ateen Liburua</a> da, Horemheben erregealditik aurrera hurrengo errege hilobi guztietan agertzen hasten dena. </p><p>Ateen Liburuaren ondoan hildakoaren irudiak ere ikus daitezke heriotzarekin zerikusia duten zenbait jainko eta jainkosarekin batera, <a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Anubis" title="Anubis">Anubis</a> kasu, baita ondo ezagutzen diren beste zenbait ere (<a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>-<a href="/wiki/Khepri" title="Khepri">Khepri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neit" title="Neit">Neit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Nefertum" title="Nefertum">Nefertum</a>). Ondorioz, <i>Nejeneko Arimak eta </i>Peko Arimak<i> agertzen dira, Goi eta Behe Egiptoko antzinako erregeen ikurrak, izpiritu babesletzat hartzen zirenak. Eta hau gutxi balitz, beste irudi batzuk erakusten dituzten beste margo batzuk ikus daitezke, kasu honetan kuttun ezagun batzuenak, dyed zutabea edo tyit korapiloa, lehena Osirisekin eta bigarrena Isisekin lotuak daudenak.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indusketa">Indusketa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Indusketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Indusketa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ramses I.aren hilobia <a href="/wiki/1817" title="1817">1817an</a> aurkitu zuen <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni" title="Giovanni Battista Belzoni">Giovanni Battista Belzoni</a> italiarrak, <a href="/wiki/KV17" title="KV17">KV17</a> hilobia aurkitu baino egun gutxi batzuk lehenago, bere edertasun eta handitasunarekin, Erregeen Haranean ordurarte ezagutzen ziren gainontzeko hilobi guztiak itzaltzen zituena. Hala ere, KV16ak ere Belzoniren espedizioaren arreta apur bat piztu zuen (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Salt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Salt (sortu gabe)">Henry Salt</a> antigoaleko gauzen bildumagile ingelesak babestua), oraindik geratzen ziren hil ekipamenduaren hondakin txikiak argitara emanez, zurezko estatua zaindariak eta oraindik izenik ez zuten jainkoen iruditxoak, txakal, tximu edo lehoi burudun giza itxurakoak, baita burutzat dordoka bat zuen emakume bat ere, ziuraski aurkikuntzarik bitxiena izango zena. Granito gorrizko sarkofago handia hil ganberan utzia izan zen. </p><p>Belzoniren igaroaldiaren ondoren ez da KV16 hilobiaren indusketa lan gehiagorik erregistratu. Beranduago Burton, Lepsius edo Piankoffek bisitatu zuten, hormetako idazkiak dokumentatu edo itzuliko zituztenak. Uholdeen ondorioz hilobiaren egiturak kalte handiak jasan dituenez, eta erortze arriskuan dagoenez, Antigoaleko Gauzen Kontseiluak zureko habe handi batzuk jarri ditu hil ganberan, kaltetutako sarkofagoaren inguruan. Orain arte ez da kontserbazio lan gehiagorik egin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=KV16&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output 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