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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Private collection</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col%C2%B7lecci%C3%B3_privada" title="Col·lecció privada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Col·lecció privada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privatsammlung" title="Privatsammlung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Privatsammlung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colecci%C3%B3n_privada" title="Colección privada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Colección privada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privata_kolekto" title="Privata kolekto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Privata kolekto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C" title="کلکسیون شخصی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلکسیون شخصی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection_priv%C3%A9e" title="Collection privée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Collection privée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collezione_privata" title="Collezione privata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Collezione privata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolekcja_prywatna" title="Kolekcja prywatna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kolekcja prywatna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cole%C3%A7%C3%A3o_privada" title="Coleção privada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Coleção privada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_collection" title="Private collection – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Private collection" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q768717#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Art_collector&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Art collector">Art collector</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Privately owned collection of works, usually a collection of art</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Private_Collection_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Private Collection (disambiguation)">Private Collection (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Art Collector" redirects here. For the magazine, see <a href="/wiki/Art_Collector_(magazine)" title="Art Collector (magazine)">Art Collector (magazine)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg/220px-David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg/330px-David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg/440px-David_Teniers_d._J._008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1508" data-file-height="1123" /></a><figcaption>A painting <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1651</span> by <a href="/wiki/David_Teniers_the_Younger" title="David Teniers the Younger">David Teniers the Younger</a> depicting part of the famous collection formed by <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Leopold_Wilhelm_of_Austria" title="Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria">Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>private collection</b> is a privately owned collection of works (usually <a href="/wiki/Work_of_art" title="Work of art">artworks</a>) or valuable items. In a <a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">museum</a> or <a href="/wiki/Art_gallery" title="Art gallery">art gallery</a> context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine <a href="/wiki/Bookbinding" title="Bookbinding">bookbindings</a> or <a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">illuminated manuscripts</a> for example), are called <a href="/wiki/Bibliophile" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliophile">bibliophiles</a>, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Private_collection&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-One_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>relies largely or entirely on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Private_collection##" title="Talk:Private collection">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Private_collection&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Private+collection%22">"Private collection"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Private+collection%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Private+collection%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Private+collection%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Private+collection%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Private+collection%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frans_Francken_(II),_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_(1636).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg/220px-Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg/330px-Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg/440px-Frans_Francken_%28II%29%2C_Kunst-_und_Rarit%C3%A4tenkammer_%281636%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2981" data-file-height="2771" /></a><figcaption>This corner of a <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_curiosities" title="Cabinet of curiosities">cabinet of curiosities</a>, painted by <a href="/wiki/Frans_II_Francken" class="mw-redirect" title="Frans II Francken">Frans II Francken</a> in 1636, reveals the range of connoisseurship a Baroque-era <i><a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a></i> might evince.</figcaption></figure> <p>Art collecting was common among the wealthy in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient World">Ancient World</a> in both Europe and <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, and in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, but developed in its modern form during the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> and continues to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The royal collections of most countries were originally the grandest of private collections but are now mostly in public ownership. However the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection" title="Royal Collection">Royal Collection</a> remains under the care of the Crown, though distinguished from the private property of the <a href="/wiki/British_Royal_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="British Royal Family">British Royal Family</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_curiosities" title="Cabinet of curiosities">cabinet of curiosities</a> was an important mixed form of collection, including art and what we would now call <a href="/wiki/Natural_history" title="Natural history">natural history</a> or scientific collections. These were formed by royalty but smaller ones also by merchants and scholars. </p><p>The tastes and habits of collectors have played a very important part in determining what art was produced, providing the <a href="/wiki/Supply_and_demand" title="Supply and demand">demand</a> that artists supply. Many types of objects, such as <a href="/wiki/Medal" title="Medal">medals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engraving" title="Engraving">engravings</a>, small <a href="/wiki/Plaquette" title="Plaquette">plaquettes</a>, modern <a href="/wiki/Engraved_gem" title="Engraved gem">engraved gems</a> and bronze <a href="/wiki/Statuette" class="mw-redirect" title="Statuette">statuettes</a> were essentially made for the collector's market. By the 18th century all homes of the well-to-do were expected to contain a selection of objects, from paintings to <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a>, that could form part of an art collection, and the collections of those who would normally qualify for the term had to be considerably larger, and some were enormous. Increasingly collectors tended to specialize in one or two types of work, although some, like <a href="/wiki/George_Salting" title="George Salting">George Salting</a> (1835–1909), still had a very wide scope for their collections. Apart from <a href="/wiki/Antiquities" title="Antiquities">antiquities</a>, which were regarded as perhaps the highest form of collecting from the Renaissance until relatively recently, and also books, paintings and prints from the late 15th century onwards, until the 18th century collectors tended to collect fairly new works from Europe. The extension of serious collecting to art from all periods and places was an essentially 19th-century development, or at least dating to the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a>. <a href="/wiki/Trecento" title="Trecento">Trecento</a> paintings were little appreciated until about the 1830s, and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_ritual_bronzes" title="Chinese ritual bronzes">Chinese ritual bronzes</a> and jades until perhaps the 1920s. Collecting of <a href="/wiki/African_art" title="African art">African art</a> was rare until after World War II. </p><p>In recognition of its importance in influencing the production of new art and the preservation of old art, art collecting has been an area of considerable academic research in recent decades, having been somewhat neglected previously.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famous_art_collections">Famous art collections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Private_collection&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Famous art collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Usov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Usov.jpg/220px-Usov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Usov.jpg/330px-Usov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Usov.jpg/440px-Usov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>Trophy collection of the <a href="/wiki/Princely_Family_of_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely Family of Liechtenstein">Princely Family of Liechtenstein</a> at <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Asov" title="Úsov">Úsov</a> <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau" title="Château">Château</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Very famous collections that are now dispersed include the <a href="/wiki/Borghese_Collection" title="Borghese Collection">Borghese Collection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Farnese_collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Farnese collection">Farnese collection</a> in Rome, and the <a href="/wiki/Orleans_Collection" title="Orleans Collection">Orleans Collection</a> in Paris, mostly sold in London. When this happens, it can be a large loss to those interested in art as the initial vision of the collector is lost. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Princely_Family_of_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely Family of Liechtenstein">Princely Family of Liechtenstein</a> have works by such artists as <a href="/wiki/Frans_Hals" title="Frans Hals">Hals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raphael" title="Raphael">Raphael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_van_Dyck" title="Anthony van Dyck">Van Dyck</a>, a collection containing some 1,600 works of art, but were unable to show them since 1945 when they were smuggled out of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>. The works were finally displayed in the <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_Museum" title="Liechtenstein Museum">Liechtenstein Museum</a> after nearly 60 years with most in storage.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The important collection of the <a href="/wiki/Thyssen_family" title="Thyssen family">Thyssen family</a>, mostly kept in the <a href="/wiki/Thyssen-Bornemisza_Museum" title="Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum">Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum</a>, which settled in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> in 1992, was bought by the Spanish state. Only an exhibited part, the collection of <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Cervera" title="Carmen Cervera">Carmen Cervera</a>, widow of the late Baron Thyssen, remains private but exhibited separately in the museum. </p><p>Many collections were left to the public in some form, and are now museums, or the nucleus of a museum's collection. Most museums are formed around one or more formerly private collection acquired as a whole. Major examples where few or no additions have been made include the <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Collection" title="Wallace Collection">Wallace Collection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane%27s_Museum" title="Sir John Soane's Museum">Sir John Soane's Museum</a> in London, the <a href="/wiki/Frick_Collection" title="Frick Collection">Frick Collection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morgan_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan Library">Morgan Library</a> in New York, <a href="/wiki/The_Phillips_Collection" title="The Phillips Collection">The Phillips Collection</a> in Washington, D.C., and the <a href="/wiki/Museu_Calouste_Gulbenkian" class="mw-redirect" title="Museu Calouste Gulbenkian">Museu Calouste Gulbenkian</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Other collections remain complete but are merged into larger collections in museums. Some important 19th/20th examples are: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Waddesdon_Bequest" title="Waddesdon Bequest">Waddesdon Bequest</a> of Renaissance objects was bequeathed to the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, where it is displayed in its own room (a condition of the bequest), as is the <a href="/wiki/Percival_David_Foundation_of_Chinese_Art" title="Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art">Percival David Collection of Chinese porcelain</a>. Many other bequests or purchased collections are split up within the museum's collection.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shchukin" title="Sergei Shchukin">Sergei Shchukin</a>, was an important <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian</a> art collector, mainly of French <a href="/wiki/Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Impressionist">Impressionist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Impressionist">Post-Impressionist</a> art. His collection is now divided between the <a href="/wiki/Pushkin_Museum_of_Fine_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts">Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts</a> in Moscow and the State <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Museum" title="Hermitage Museum">Hermitage Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lang_Freer" title="Charles Lang Freer">Charles Lang Freer</a> collection became an important part of the Smithsonian—the <a href="/wiki/Freer_Gallery_of_Art" title="Freer Gallery of Art">Freer Gallery of Art</a>.</li> <li>Count <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Seilern" title="Antoine Seilern">Antoine Seilern</a> bequeathed the bulk of his art collection to the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a> in 1978 where it is known as the Princes Gate Collection, which was also the title of the catalogue of the collection.</li> <li>When the banker <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lehman" title="Robert Lehman">Robert Lehman</a> died in 1969, his foundation donated 2,600 works of art to the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Housed in the "Robert Lehman Wing", the museum refers to the collection as "one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To emphasize the personal nature of the Robert Lehman collection, the Met housed the collection in a special set of galleries which evoked the interior of Lehman's richly decorated <a href="/wiki/Townhouse" title="Townhouse">townhouse</a>; this intentional separation of the collection as a "museum within the museum" met with mixed criticism and approval at the time, though the acquisition of the collection was seen as a coup for the Met.<sup id="cite_ref-ThomasHoving_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThomasHoving-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike other departments at the Met, the Robert Lehman collection does not concentrate on a specific style or period of art; rather, it reflects Lehman's personal interests.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Private_collection&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJim_Lane1998" class="citation web cs1">Jim Lane (25 October 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=g&p=a&a=i&ID=326">"Private Art Collections"</a>. <i>HumanitiesWeb</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205194840/http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=g&p=a&a=i&ID=326">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HumanitiesWeb&rft.atitle=Private+Art+Collections&rft.date=1998-10-25&rft.au=Jim+Lane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.humanitiesweb.org%2Fhuman.php%3Fs%3Dg%26p%3Da%26a%3Di%26ID%3D326&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrivate+collection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gart.gallery/how-to-become-an-art-collector/">"How to become an art collector"</a>. <i>Gart Gallery</i>. 25 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220903211827/https://gart.gallery/how-to-become-an-art-collector/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gart+Gallery&rft.atitle=How+to+become+an+art+collector&rft.date=2022-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgart.gallery%2Fhow-to-become-an-art-collector%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrivate+collection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_Bailey2004" class="citation news cs1">Martin Bailey (Jun 2, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2004/06/02/cx_0602hot.html">"The World's Second Greatest Private Art Collection"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050313085124/http://www.forbes.com/2004/06/02/cx_0602hot.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2005-03-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Second+Greatest+Private+Art+Collection&rft.date=2004-06-02&rft.au=Martin+Bailey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2004%2F06%2F02%2Fcx_0602hot.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrivate+collection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120608075133/http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/museum-departments/curatorial-departments/the-robert-lehman-collection">"The Robert Lehman Collection"</a>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/museum-departments/curatorial-departments/the-robert-lehman-collection">the original</a> on 2012-06-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Robert+Lehman+Collection&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fabout-the-museum%2Fmuseum-departments%2Fcuratorial-departments%2Fthe-robert-lehman-collection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrivate+collection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060212213810/http://www.metmuseum.org/Press_Room/full_release.asp?prid=%7B6E3EF378-71B3-4FD1-B7ED-BC5F36E57CD0%7D">"The Robert Lehman Collection"</a>. <i>Metropolitan Museum of Art</i>. September 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/Press_Room/full_release.asp?prid=%7B6E3EF378-71B3-4FD1-B7ED-BC5F36E57CD0%7D">the original</a> on 2006-02-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=The+Robert+Lehman+Collection&rft.date=1999-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2FPress_Room%2Ffull_release.asp%3Fprid%3D%257B6E3EF378-71B3-4FD1-B7ED-BC5F36E57CD0%257D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrivate+collection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ThomasHoving-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ThomasHoving_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Hoving. <i>Making the Mummies Dance</i>. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Private_collection&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a 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href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Art_world" title="Art world">art world</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appropriation_(art)" title="Appropriation (art)">Appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage" title="Collage">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_artifact" title="Cultural artifact">Cultural artifact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawing" title="Drawing">Drawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">Fine art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine-art_photography" title="Fine-art photography">Fine-art photograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_object" title="Found object">Found object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">Installation art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinetic_art" title="Kinetic art">Kinetic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_media" title="Mixed media">Mixed media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bricolage" title="Bricolage">bricolage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mural" title="Mural">Mural</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_media_art" title="New media art">New media art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_art_history" title="Media art history">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_art" title="Digital art">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_art" title="Virtual art">virtual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance_art" title="Performance art">Performance art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_arts" title="Plastic arts">Plastic arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">Portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printmaking" title="Printmaking">Printmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_art" title="Public art">Public art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_art" title="Street art">street art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carving" title="Carving">carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_statues" title="List of tallest statues">tallest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">Site-specific art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_sculpture" title="Social sculpture">Social sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_sculpture" title="Soft sculpture">Soft sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artwork_title" title="Artwork title">Artwork title</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">Artist</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Collector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservator-restorer" title="Conservator-restorer">Conservator-restorer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paintings_conservator" title="Paintings conservator">paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_frescos" title="Conservation and restoration of frescos">frescos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_critic" title="Art critic">Critic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator" title="Curator">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_dealer" title="Art dealer">Dealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_(art)" title="Model (art)">Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">Patron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_education" title="Visual arts education">Visual arts education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_universities_and_colleges_in_Europe" title="List of art universities and colleges in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places<br />and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_auction" title="Art auction">Art auction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_colony" title="Art colony">Art colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_commune" class="mw-redirect" title="Art commune">Art commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_exhibition" title="Art exhibition">Art exhibition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_exhibition_space" title="Alternative exhibition space">alternative exhibition space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_gallery" title="Art gallery">Art gallery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_art_gallery" title="Contemporary art gallery">Contemporary art gallery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_museum" title="Art museum">Art museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single-artist_museum" title="Single-artist museum">Single-artist museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_school" title="Art school">Art school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_schools_in_Europe" title="List of art schools in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_centre" title="Arts centre">Arts centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_festival" title="Arts festival">Arts festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist_collective" title="Artist collective">Artist collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist_cooperative" title="Artist cooperative">Artist cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-in-residence" title="Artist-in-residence">Artist-in-residence program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-run_initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Artist-run initiative">Artist-run initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-run_space" title="Artist-run space">Artist-run space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biennale" title="Biennale">Biennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_(art)" title="Commission (art)">Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_garden" title="Sculpture garden">Sculpture garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_trail" title="Sculpture trail">Sculpture trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_museum" title="Virtual museum">Virtual museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_art" title="History of art">History of art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_art" title="Timeline of art">Timeline of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_history" title="Art history">Art history (academic study)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_manifesto" title="Art manifesto">Art manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_movement" title="Art movement">Art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_criticism" title="Art criticism">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_art_criticism" title="Feminist art criticism">feminist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting" title="History of painting">History of painting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_painting_history" title="Outline of painting history">outline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periods_in_Western_art_history" title="Periods in Western art history">Periods in Western art history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_20th_century_printmaking_in_America" title="Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America">Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_market" title="Art market">Art market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_arts" title="The arts">The arts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_raisonn%C3%A9" title="Catalogue raisonné">Catalogue raisonné</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classificatory_disputes_about_art" title="Classificatory disputes about art">Classificatory disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_Management_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Collection Management Policy">Museum collection management</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deaccessioning_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaccessioning (museum)">deaccessioning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_cultural_heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage">Conservation-restoration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_paintings" title="Conservation and restoration of paintings">paintings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_policy" title="Cultural policy">Cultural policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destination_painting" title="Destination painting">Destination painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclecticism_in_art" title="Eclecticism in art">Eclecticism in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_the_arts_and_literature" title="Economics of the arts and literature">Economics of art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_finance" title="Art finance">art finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_valuation" title="Art valuation">art valuation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elements_of_art" title="Elements of art">Elements of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_painting-related_articles" title="Index of painting-related articles">Index of painting-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_visual_arts" title="Outline of the visual arts">Outline of the visual arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_painting" title="Outline of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_sculpture" title="Outline of sculpture">sculpture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provenance" title="Provenance">Provenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_art" title="Sociology of art">Sociology of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_(visual_arts)" title="Style (visual arts)">Style</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_magazines" title="List of art magazines">Art magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_media" title="List of art media">Art media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_techniques" title="List of art techniques">Art techniques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">Art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_museums" title="List of art museums">Art museums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_art_museums" title="List of largest art museums">largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-visited_art_museums" title="List of most-visited art museums">most visited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculpture_parks" title="List of sculpture parks">sculpture parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_single-artist_museums" title="List of single-artist museums">single artist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_reference_books" title="List of art reference books">Art reference books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colossal_sculptures_in_situ" title="List of colossal sculptures in situ">Colossal sculptures in situ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contemporary_artists" title="List of contemporary artists">Contemporary artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contemporary_art_galleries" title="List of contemporary art galleries">Contemporary art galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_artists" title="List of modern artists">Modern artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_galleries" title="List of national galleries">National galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_painters" title="Lists of painters">Painters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_painters_by_name" title="List of painters by name">by name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_painters_by_nationality" title="Lists of painters by nationality">by nationality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographers" title="List of photographers">Photographers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculptors" title="List of sculptors">Sculptors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_sculptors" title="List of female sculptors">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stolen_paintings" title="List of stolen paintings">Stolen paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_paintings" title="List of most expensive paintings">Most expensive paintings</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_sculptures" title="List of most expensive sculptures">sculptures</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_artworks_by_living_artists" title="List of most expensive artworks by living artists">works by living artists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Painting" title="Portal:Painting">Painting portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Visual_arts" title="Portal:Visual arts">Visual arts portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Arts">Arts portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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