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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg/170px-Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg/255px-Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg/340px-Brian_Cashman_by_Keith_Allison_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2195" data-file-height="3038" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brian_Cashman" title="Brian Cashman">Brian Cashman</a> has served as general manager of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> since 1998.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>, the <b>general manager</b> (<b>GM</b>) of a team typically controls player transactions and bears the primary responsibility on behalf of the ballclub during contract discussions with players. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roles_and_responsibilities">Roles and responsibilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_manager_(baseball)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Roles and responsibilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/General_manager_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="General manager (sports)">general manager</a> is normally the person who hires and fires the coaching staff, including the <a href="/wiki/Manager_(baseball)" title="Manager (baseball)">field manager</a> who acts as the head coach. In baseball, the term <i>manager</i> used without qualification almost always refers to the field manager, not the general manager. </p><p>Before the 1960s, and in some rare cases since then, a person with the general manager title in sports has also borne responsibility for the non-player operations of the ballclub, such as ballpark administration and <a href="/wiki/Sportscasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportscasting">broadcasting</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ed_Barrow" title="Ed Barrow">Ed Barrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Weiss_(baseball)" title="George Weiss (baseball)">George Weiss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Paul" title="Gabe Paul">Gabe Paul</a> were three baseball GMs noted for their administrative skills in both player and non-player duties.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_evolution">History and evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_manager_(baseball)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History and evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Evans_1914.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Billy_Evans_1914.jpg/220px-Billy_Evans_1914.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Billy_Evans_1914.jpg/330px-Billy_Evans_1914.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Billy_Evans_1914.jpg/440px-Billy_Evans_1914.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4991" data-file-height="3565" /></a><figcaption>In 1927, former umpire <a href="/wiki/Billy_Evans" title="Billy Evans">Billy Evans</a> became the first person to hold a general manager title with a major-league team, the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians">Cleveland Indians</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the first decades of baseball's post-1901 modern era, responsibilities for player acquisition fell upon the club owner and/or president and the <a href="/wiki/Manager_(baseball)" title="Manager (baseball)">field manager</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IPOP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IPOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, particularly in the early years of the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a>, the owner was a former <a href="/wiki/Baseball_player" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball player">player</a> or manager himself: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Comiskey" title="Charles Comiskey">Charles Comiskey</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Connie Mack</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics" title="Philadelphia Athletics">Philadelphia Athletics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clark_Griffith" title="Clark Griffith">Clark Griffith</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1901%E2%80%931960)" title="Washington Senators (1901–1960)">Washington Senators</a> are three prominent examples. Other owners tended to be magnates from the business world, although some, like <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Dodgers</a>' president <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ebbets" title="Charles Ebbets">Charles Ebbets</a>, worked their way from front-office jobs into ownership positions. Most deferred player personnel evaluations to their on-field managers. One notable exception, cited by Mark L. Armour and Daniel R. Leavitt in their book <i>In Pursuit of Pennants</i>, was <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German immigrant</a> <a href="/wiki/Barney_Dreyfuss" title="Barney Dreyfuss">Barney Dreyfuss</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a> from 1900 to 1932. Dreyfuss had no playing background, but was one of the most astute judges of talent of his time.<sup id="cite_ref-IPOP_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IPOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Dreyfuss, Pittsburgh won six <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> <a href="/wiki/Pennant_(sports)" title="Pennant (sports)">pennants</a> and two <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> titles (<a href="/wiki/1909_World_Series" title="1909 World Series">1909</a> and <a href="/wiki/1925_World_Series" title="1925 World Series">1925</a>). The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(MLB)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Giants (MLB)">New York Giants</a>' <a href="/wiki/John_McGraw" title="John McGraw">John McGraw</a>, who also held a minority ownership stake in the team, is an example of a powerful manager who, during his three decades at the Giants' helm, exerted control over off-field aspects of the team's operation.<sup id="cite_ref-IPOP_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IPOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McGraw managed the Giants from <a href="/wiki/1902_in_baseball" title="1902 in baseball">1902</a> to <a href="/wiki/1932_in_baseball" title="1932 in baseball">1932</a>, piloting them to ten National League pennants and three World Series titles (<a href="/wiki/1905_World_Series" title="1905 World Series">1905</a>, <a href="/wiki/1921_World_Series" title="1921 World Series">1921</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1922_World_Series" title="1922 World Series">1922</a>) along the way. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg/150px-Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg/225px-Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg/300px-Jack_McKeon_Padres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jack_McKeon" title="Jack McKeon">Jack McKeon</a> served as both general manager and field manager of the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Almanac" title="Baseball Almanac">Baseball Almanac</a>, the first man to hold the title of general manager was <a href="/wiki/Billy_Evans" title="Billy Evans">Billy Evans</a> when he was appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians">Cleveland Indians</a> in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the duties of the modern general manager already had been assumed by two executives — Barrow of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Branch_Rickey" title="Branch Rickey">Branch Rickey</a> of the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a> — whose formal title at the time was <i>business manager.</i> Both were former field managers of big-league teams, although Barrow had no professional playing background.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They assumed those positions (Barrow in 1920 and Rickey five years later) when clubs could legally control only 15 <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league</a> players on option, and most young players were purchased or drafted from independently owned minor league teams. Rickey, creator of the modern and extensive <a href="/wiki/Farm_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm system">farm system</a> during the 1920s and 1930s, played a critical role in inventing the need for a general manager as well: with most teams coming to own or affiliate with multiple minor league teams from <a href="/wiki/Class_D_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Class D (baseball)">Class D</a> to the top tier, and with dozens (and in some cases hundreds) of players under contract, they needed a front-office infrastructure to oversee the major league club, <a href="/wiki/Scout_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout (sports)">scouting and player procurement</a>, minor league operations and player development, and business affairs. The general manager, in lieu of the "owner-operator", provided that oversight. </p><p>But both the owner-operator and the field-manager-as-GM models survived into the 1980s. Owners <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Finley" title="Charlie Finley">Charlie Finley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Oakland_Athletics" title="Oakland Athletics">Oakland Athletics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Griffith" title="Calvin Griffith">Calvin Griffith</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a> functioned as their own chiefs of baseball operations. During the 1970s and 1980s, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Dark" title="Alvin Dark">Alvin Dark</a> of the Indians, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Martin" title="Billy Martin">Billy Martin</a> of the Athletics (after Finley sold them in August <a href="/wiki/1980_in_baseball" title="1980 in baseball">1980</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Whitey_Herzog" title="Whitey Herzog">Whitey Herzog</a> of the Cardinals combined manager and general manager duties, while <a href="/wiki/Paul_Owens_(baseball)" title="Paul Owens (baseball)">Paul Owens</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_McKeon" title="Jack McKeon">Jack McKeon</a> of the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a> were general managers who appointed themselves field managers and held both posts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Superior_executive_levels">Superior executive levels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_manager_(baseball)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Superior executive levels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="presbo"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_(23655867925)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/225px-Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Red_Sox_President_of_Baseball_Operations_David_Dombrowski_%2823655867925%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2145" data-file-height="3095" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dave_Dombrowski" title="Dave Dombrowski">Dave Dombrowski</a> has served as president of baseball operations for the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The early decades of the 21st century have seen Major League Baseball teams create a new layer of authority between ownership and the general manager, typically called the "President of Baseball Operations" (POBO). These executives may work in concert with others in the organization styled as presidents but having non-baseball-centric responsibilities, such as President/CEO or President/COO. The trend began in <a href="/wiki/2007_in_baseball" title="2007 in baseball">2007</a>, when, in June, <a href="/wiki/Andy_MacPhail" title="Andy MacPhail">Andy MacPhail</a> was hired into a POBO role by the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, in September, general manager <a href="/wiki/Larry_Beinfest" title="Larry Beinfest">Larry Beinfest</a> was promoted to president of baseball operations by the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Marlins" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Marlins">Florida Marlins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PBO1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBO1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Beinfest's case, he was assisted by a newly appointed GM, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Hill_(baseball)" title="Michael Hill (baseball)">Michael Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writing for <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Business_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Business Daily">Sports Business Daily</a></i> in March 2015, legal academic and sports lawyer Glenn M. Wong observed: "No longer is it always true that the GM is the final decision-maker with respect to baseball decisions."<sup id="cite_ref-PBO1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBO1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the reasons for the creation of this new position was the soaring costs and revenues associated with modern MLB operations: "Ownership is often heavily involved in major investments and decisions ... Installing another layer creates a sort of checks-and-balances system and a checkpoint for the decision-making process."<sup id="cite_ref-PBO1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBO1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2015, another article by Wong revisited the topic and compared the evolving job descriptions and career trajectories of GMs and POBOs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, <i>Sports Business Daily</i> writer Eric Fisher cited the growing importance of data analytics in playing personnel evaluations and long-term planning (in addition to in game strategy), and heavier investments in player development, domestically and internationally, as contributing to the POBO movement and other structural changes in baseball front offices.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Baseball_America" title="Baseball America">Baseball America</a> Annual Directory</i> of 2019 listed 12 POBOs among the 30 MLB teams, as well as one "chief baseball officer" and four "executive vice presidents of baseball operations", operating above the GM level or also holding the GM title.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2024, a ranking by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Athletic" title="The Athletic">The Athletic</a></i> of the top 10 front offices in MLB included seven teams with a president of baseball operations, and three without.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some instances, a team may operate with a POBO or chief baseball officer and leave the GM role vacant. Two examples involve the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>: from 2017 through 2019, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Dombrowski" title="Dave Dombrowski">Dave Dombrowski</a> served as POBO and the team had no GM; and in 2024, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Breslow" title="Craig Breslow">Craig Breslow</a> served as chief baseball officer and the team again had no GM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_manager_(baseball)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_manager#Sports_teams" title="General manager">General manager § Sports teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Executive_of_the_Year_Award" title="Major League Baseball Executive of the Year Award">Major League Baseball Executive of the Year Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporting_News_Executive_of_the_Year_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Sporting News Executive of the Year Award"><i>Sporting News</i> Executive of the Year Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_America_awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball America awards"><i>Baseball America</i> Major League Executive of the Year Award</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_manager_(baseball)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IPOP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IPOP_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IPOP_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IPOP_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArmourLeavitt2015" class="citation book cs1">Armour, Mark; Leavitt, Daniel (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D82nBgAAQBAJ"><i>In Pursuit of Pennants</i></a>. University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-3497-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-3497-0"><bdi>978-0-8032-3497-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Pursuit+of+Pennants&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-3497-0&rft.aulast=Armour&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Leavitt%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD82nBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+manager+%28baseball%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-almanac.com/teams/general_managers.shtml">Baseball Almanac.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum</a> official web site, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baseballhall.org/hall-of-famers/barrow-ed"><i>Edward Grant Barrow</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/c9fdbace">Leavitt, Daniel R., <i>Ed Barrow.</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Baseball_Research" title="Society for American Baseball Research">Society for American Baseball Research</a> Biography Project</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene2007" class="citation news cs1">Greene, Ben (June 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/news-and-messenger-macphail-hires-by-ori/159072842/">"MacPhail hires by Orioles: Andy MacPhail was named Baltimore's president of baseball operations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/News_%26_Messenger" title="News & Messenger">News & Messenger</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge,_Virginia" title="Woodbridge, Virginia">Woodbridge, Virginia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">AP</a>. p. B2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2024</span> – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News+%26+Messenger&rft.atitle=MacPhail+hires+by+Orioles%3A+Andy+MacPhail+was+named+Baltimore%27s+president+of+baseball+operations&rft.pages=B2&rft.date=2007-06-21&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fnews-and-messenger-macphail-hires-by-ori%2F159072842%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+manager+%28baseball%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PBO1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PBO1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBO1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBO1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2015" class="citation web cs1">Wong, Glenn (16 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2015/03/16/Opinion/From-the-Field-of-Team-Management.aspx">"How Leadership Shift Has Changed MLB Front Offices"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Business_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Business Daily">Sports Business Daily</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports+Business+Daily&rft.atitle=How+Leadership+Shift+Has+Changed+MLB+Front+Offices&rft.date=2015-03-16&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsbusinessdaily.com%2FJournal%2FIssues%2F2015%2F03%2F16%2FOpinion%2FFrom-the-Field-of-Team-Management.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+manager+%28baseball%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lingo, Will, editor (2008), <i><a href="/wiki/Baseball_America" title="Baseball America">Baseball America</a> Annual Directory</i>. Durham, North Carolina: Baseball America, pages 25, 41. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-932391-20-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-932391-20-6">978-1-932391-20-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2015" class="citation web cs1">Wong, Glenn (15 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2015/06/15/Opinion/Glenn-Wong.aspx">"Profiling MLB Club Leadership: Presidents v. General Managers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Business_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Business Daily">Sports Business Daily</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports+Business+Daily&rft.atitle=Profiling+MLB+Club+Leadership%3A+Presidents+v.+General+Managers&rft.date=2015-06-15&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsbusinessdaily.com%2FJournal%2FIssues%2F2015%2F06%2F15%2FOpinion%2FGlenn-Wong.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+manager+%28baseball%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2016" class="citation web cs1">Fisher, Eric (21 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2016/03/21/In-Depth/Main.aspx">"Who Calls the Shots? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2024</span> – via nytimes.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Athletic&rft.atitle=What+are+the+Top+10+front+offices+in+MLB%3F+Here%E2%80%99s+how+40+executives+voted&rft.date=2024-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fathletic%2F5424700%2F2024%2F04%2F24%2Fmlb-front-office-rankings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+manager+%28baseball%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Elias" title="Mike Elias">Mike Elias</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Baltimore_Orioles_owners_and_executives" title="List of Baltimore Orioles owners and executives">Baltimore Orioles</a>)</li> <li><i>Vacant</i> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Boston_Red_Sox_owners_and_executives" title="List of Boston Red Sox owners and executives">Boston Red Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Cashman" title="Brian Cashman">Brian Cashman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Yankees_owners_and_executives" title="List of New York Yankees owners and executives">New York Yankees</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacant" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacant">Vacant</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Tampa_Bay_Rays_owners_and_executives" title="List of Tampa Bay Rays owners and executives">Tampa Bay Rays</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Atkins_(baseball)" title="Ross Atkins (baseball)">Ross Atkins</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Toronto_Blue_Jays_owners_and_executives" title="List of Toronto Blue Jays owners and executives">Toronto Blue Jays</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Getz" title="Chris Getz">Chris Getz</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago White Sox owners and executives">Chicago White Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)" title="Mike Chernoff (baseball)">Mike Chernoff</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_owners_and_executives" title="List of Cleveland Guardians owners and executives">Cleveland Guardians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Greenberg_(sports_executive)" title="Jeff Greenberg (sports executive)">Jeff Greenberg</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Detroit_Tigers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Detroit Tigers owners and executives">Detroit Tigers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Picollo" title="J. J. Picollo">J. J. Picollo</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Kansas_City_Royals_owners_and_executives" title="List of Kansas City Royals owners and executives">Kansas City Royals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeremy_Zoll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremy Zoll (page does not exist)">Jeremy Zoll</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Minnesota_Twins_owners_and_executives" title="List of Minnesota Twins owners and executives">Minnesota Twins</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Brown_(baseball)" title="Dana Brown (baseball)">Dana Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Houston_Astros_owners_and_executives" title="List of Houston Astros owners and executives">Houston Astros</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Minasian" title="Perry Minasian">Perry Minasian</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Los_Angeles_Angels_owners_and_executives" title="List of Los Angeles Angels owners and executives">Los Angeles Angels</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Forst" title="David Forst">David Forst</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Oakland_Athletics_owners_and_executives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Oakland Athletics owners and executives">Oakland Athletics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hollander_(baseball)" title="Justin Hollander (baseball)">Justin Hollander</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Seattle_Mariners_owners_and_executives" title="List of Seattle Mariners owners and executives">Seattle Mariners</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Young_(pitcher)" title="Chris Young (pitcher)">Chris Young</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_Rangers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Texas Rangers owners and executives">Texas Rangers</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">NL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_East" title="National League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Anthopoulos" title="Alex Anthopoulos">Alex Anthopoulos</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_owners_and_executives" title="List of Atlanta Braves owners and executives">Atlanta Braves</a>)</li> <li><i>Vacant</i> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Miami_Marlins_owners_and_executives" title="List of Miami Marlins owners and executives">Miami Marlins</a>)</li> <li><i>Vacant</i> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Mets_owners_and_executives" title="List of New York Mets owners and executives">New York Mets</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Mattingly" title="Preston Mattingly">Preston Mattingly</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Philadelphia_Phillies_owners_and_executives" title="List of Philadelphia Phillies owners and executives">Philadelphia Phillies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Rizzo_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Rizzo (baseball)">Mike Rizzo</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Washington_Nationals_owners_and_executives" title="List of Washington Nationals owners and executives">Washington Nationals</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_Central" title="National League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Hawkins" title="Carter Hawkins">Carter Hawkins</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago Cubs owners and executives">Chicago Cubs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Meador" title="Brad Meador">Brad Meador</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Cincinnati_Reds_owners_and_executives" title="List of Cincinnati Reds owners and executives">Cincinnati Reds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Arnold_(baseball)" title="Matt Arnold (baseball)">Matt Arnold</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Milwaukee_Brewers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Milwaukee Brewers owners and executives">Milwaukee Brewers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cherington" title="Ben Cherington">Ben Cherington</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Pittsburgh_Pirates_owners_and_executives" title="List of Pittsburgh Pirates owners and executives">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Girsch" title="Mike Girsch">Mike Girsch</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_St._Louis_Cardinals_owners_and_executives" title="List of St. Louis Cardinals owners and executives">St. Louis Cardinals</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_West" title="National League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Hazen" title="Mike Hazen">Mike Hazen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Diamondbacks_owners_and_executives" title="List of Arizona Diamondbacks owners and executives">Arizona Diamondbacks</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Schmidt_(baseball)" title="Bill Schmidt (baseball)">Bill Schmidt</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_Rockies_owners_and_executives" title="List of Colorado Rockies owners and executives">Colorado Rockies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Gomes" title="Brandon Gomes">Brandon Gomes</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Los_Angeles_Dodgers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Los Angeles Dodgers owners and executives">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._J._Preller" title="A. J. Preller">A. J. Preller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_San_Diego_Padres_owners_and_executives" title="List of San Diego Padres owners and executives">San Diego Padres</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zack_Minasian" title="Zack Minasian">Zack Minasian</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_San_Francisco_Giants_owners_and_executives" title="List of San Francisco Giants owners and executives">San Francisco Giants</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Note: Those listed here hold the title of <i>General Manager</i> for their team. Not all MLB teams have a person designated as such.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_League_Baseball_heads_of_baseball_operations_by_team154" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MLB_heads_of_baseball_operations_navbox" title="Template:MLB heads of baseball operations navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MLB_heads_of_baseball_operations_navbox" title="Template talk:MLB heads of baseball operations navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MLB_heads_of_baseball_operations_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MLB heads of baseball operations navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_League_Baseball_heads_of_baseball_operations_by_team154" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_baseball_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="President of baseball operations">heads of baseball operations</a> by team</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">AL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Elias" title="Mike Elias">Mike Elias</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Baltimore_Orioles_owners_and_executives" title="List of Baltimore Orioles owners and executives">Baltimore Orioles</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Breslow" title="Craig Breslow">Craig Breslow</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Boston_Red_Sox_owners_and_executives" title="List of Boston Red Sox owners and executives">Boston Red Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Cashman" title="Brian Cashman">Brian Cashman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Yankees_owners_and_executives" title="List of New York Yankees owners and executives">New York Yankees</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Neander" title="Erik Neander">Erik Neander</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Tampa_Bay_Rays_owners_and_executives" title="List of Tampa Bay Rays owners and executives">Tampa Bay Rays</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Atkins_(baseball)" title="Ross Atkins (baseball)">Ross Atkins</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Toronto_Blue_Jays_owners_and_executives" title="List of Toronto Blue Jays owners and executives">Toronto Blue Jays</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Getz" title="Chris Getz">Chris Getz</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago White Sox owners and executives">Chicago White Sox</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Antonetti" title="Chris Antonetti">Chris Antonetti</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_owners_and_executives" title="List of Cleveland Guardians owners and executives">Cleveland Guardians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Harris_(baseball)" title="Scott Harris (baseball)">Scott Harris</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Detroit_Tigers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Detroit Tigers owners and executives">Detroit Tigers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Picollo" title="J. J. Picollo">J. J. Picollo</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Kansas_City_Royals_owners_and_executives" title="List of Kansas City Royals owners and executives">Kansas City Royals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Falvey" title="Derek Falvey">Derek Falvey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Minnesota_Twins_owners_and_executives" title="List of Minnesota Twins owners and executives">Minnesota Twins</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Brown_(baseball)" title="Dana Brown (baseball)">Dana Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Houston_Astros_owners_and_executives" title="List of Houston Astros owners and executives">Houston Astros</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Minasian" title="Perry Minasian">Perry Minasian</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Los_Angeles_Angels_owners_and_executives" title="List of Los Angeles Angels owners and executives">Los Angeles Angels</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Forst" title="David Forst">David Forst</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Oakland_Athletics_owners_and_executives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Oakland Athletics owners and executives">Oakland Athletics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Dipoto" title="Jerry Dipoto">Jerry Dipoto</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Seattle_Mariners_owners_and_executives" title="List of Seattle Mariners owners and executives">Seattle Mariners</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Young_(pitcher)" title="Chris Young (pitcher)">Chris Young</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_Rangers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Texas Rangers owners and executives">Texas Rangers</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">NL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_East" title="National League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Anthopoulos" title="Alex Anthopoulos">Alex Anthopoulos</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_owners_and_executives" title="List of Atlanta Braves owners and executives">Atlanta Braves</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bendix" title="Peter Bendix">Peter Bendix</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Miami_Marlins_owners_and_executives" title="List of Miami Marlins owners and executives">Miami Marlins</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stearns" title="David Stearns">David Stearns</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Mets_owners_and_executives" title="List of New York Mets owners and executives">New York Mets</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Dombrowski" title="Dave Dombrowski">Dave Dombrowski</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Philadelphia_Phillies_owners_and_executives" title="List of Philadelphia Phillies owners and executives">Philadelphia Phillies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Rizzo_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Rizzo (baseball)">Mike Rizzo</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Washington_Nationals_owners_and_executives" title="List of Washington Nationals owners and executives">Washington Nationals</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_Central" title="National League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jed_Hoyer" title="Jed Hoyer">Jed Hoyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Cubs_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago Cubs owners and executives">Chicago Cubs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Krall" title="Nick Krall">Nick Krall</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Cincinnati_Reds_owners_and_executives" title="List of Cincinnati Reds owners and executives">Cincinnati Reds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Arnold_(baseball)" title="Matt Arnold (baseball)">Matt Arnold</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Milwaukee_Brewers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Milwaukee Brewers owners and executives">Milwaukee Brewers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cherington" title="Ben Cherington">Ben Cherington</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Pittsburgh_Pirates_owners_and_executives" title="List of Pittsburgh Pirates owners and executives">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mozeliak" title="John Mozeliak">John Mozeliak</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_St._Louis_Cardinals_owners_and_executives" title="List of St. Louis Cardinals owners and executives">St. Louis Cardinals</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_West" title="National League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Hazen" title="Mike Hazen">Mike Hazen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_Diamondbacks_owners_and_executives" title="List of Arizona Diamondbacks owners and executives">Arizona Diamondbacks</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Schmidt_(baseball)" title="Bill Schmidt (baseball)">Bill Schmidt</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_Rockies_owners_and_executives" title="List of Colorado Rockies owners and executives">Colorado Rockies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Friedman" title="Andrew Friedman">Andrew Friedman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Los_Angeles_Dodgers_owners_and_executives" title="List of Los Angeles Dodgers owners and executives">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._J._Preller" title="A. J. Preller">A. J. Preller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_San_Diego_Padres_owners_and_executives" title="List of San Diego Padres owners and executives">San Diego Padres</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Posey" title="Buster Posey">Buster Posey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_San_Francisco_Giants_owners_and_executives" title="List of San Francisco Giants owners and executives">San Francisco Giants</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Note: Those listed here have final authority in personnel decisions for their team, typically holding a title of<br /><i>President of Baseball Operations</i>, <i>Executive Vice President of Baseball Operations</i>, <i>Chief Baseball Officer</i>, and/or <i>General Manager</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Baseball_positions136" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:lightgrey;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Baseball_positions" title="Template:Baseball positions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Baseball_positions" title="Template talk:Baseball positions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball_positions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball positions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Baseball_positions136" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">Baseball positions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitchers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by role</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starting_pitcher" title="Starting pitcher">Starter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_(baseball)" title="Ace (baseball)">Ace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opener_(baseball)" title="Opener (baseball)">Opener</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_pitcher" title="Relief pitcher">Reliever</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_relief_pitcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle relief pitcher">Middle reliever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_reliever" title="Long reliever">Long reliever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setup_man" title="Setup man">Setup man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closer_(baseball)" title="Closer (baseball)">Closer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-handed_specialist" title="Left-handed specialist">Left-handed specialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swingman#Baseball" title="Swingman">Swingman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_pitcher" title="Power pitcher">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_pitcher" title="Control pitcher">Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_ball_pitcher" title="Ground ball pitcher">Ground ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_ball_pitcher" title="Fly ball pitcher">Fly ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_pitcher" title="Switch pitcher">Switch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-right:1.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baseball fielding positions"><img alt="Baseball fielding positions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/120px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/180px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/240px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="87" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Defense_(sports)" title="Defense (sports)">Defensive<br />players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catcher" title="Catcher">Catcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infielder" title="Infielder">Infielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outfielder" title="Outfielder">Outfielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_player_(baseball)" title="Utility player (baseball)">Utility player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Position_player" title="Position player">Position player</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by number</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitcher (1/P)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catcher" title="Catcher">Catcher (2/C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_baseman" title="First baseman">First baseman (3/1B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_baseman" title="Second baseman">Second baseman (4/2B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_baseman" title="Third baseman">Third baseman (5/3B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortstop" title="Shortstop">Shortstop (6/SS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_fielder" title="Left fielder">Left fielder (7/LF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_fielder" title="Center fielder">Center fielder (8/CF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_fielder" title="Right fielder">Right fielder (9/RF)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Offense_(sports)" title="Offense (sports)">Offensive<br />players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by role</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_(baseball)" title="Batting (baseball)">Batter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_running" title="Base running">Runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(baseball)" title="Batting order (baseball)">Batting order (1–9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter">Designated hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">Pinch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_runner" title="Pinch runner">Pinch runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadoff_hitter" title="Leadoff hitter">Leadoff hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanup_hitter" title="Cleanup hitter">Cleanup hitter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clutch_hitter" title="Clutch hitter">Clutch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_hitter" title="Contact hitter">Contact hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hitter" title="Power hitter">Power hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_hitter" title="Switch hitter">Switch hitter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%">Non-players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">team roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manager_(baseball)" title="Manager (baseball)">Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_(baseball)" title="Coach (baseball)">Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullpen_catcher" title="Bullpen catcher">Bullpen catcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_baseball_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="President of baseball operations">President of baseball operations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">General manager</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umpire_(baseball)" title="Umpire (baseball)">Umpire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_scorer" title="Official scorer">Official scorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_boy" title="Bat boy">Bat boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ball_boy" title="Ball boy">Ball boy/girl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_(baseball)" title="Captain (baseball)">Captain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_(baseball)" title="Battery (baseball)">Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injured_list" title="Injured list">Injured list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_ballplayer" title="Phantom ballplayer">Phantom ballplayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platoon_system" title="Platoon system">Platoon system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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