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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Otaman in Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Otaman_in_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>20th century to present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="أتامان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أتامان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atam%C3%A1n" title="Atamán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Atamán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Утаман – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Утаман" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αταμάνος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αταμάνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atam%C3%A1n" title="Atamán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atamán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آتامان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آتامان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atam%C3%A1n" title="Atamán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Atamán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%83%80%EB%A7%8C" title="아타만 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아타만" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atamano" title="Atamano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atamano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="אוטאמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוטאמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atamans" title="Atamans – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Atamans" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atamanas" title="Atamanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atamanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="アタマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アタマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атаман – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атаман" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atamaani" title="Atamaani – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Atamaani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ataman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Отаман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Отаман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%98" title="哥薩克首領 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哥薩克首領" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q727229#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cossack and haydamak leadership title</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the surname, see <a href="/wiki/Ataman_(surname)" title="Ataman (surname)">Ataman (surname)</a>. For the town in Syria, see <a href="/wiki/Ataman,_Syria" title="Ataman, Syria">Ataman, Syria</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Cossacks" title="Category:Cossacks">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Zaporozhian Cossacks write to the Sultan of Turkey" by Ilya Repin (1844–1930)"><img alt=""Zaporozhian Cossacks write to the Sultan of Turkey" by Ilya Repin (1844–1930)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg/180px-Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg/270px-Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg/360px-Ilja_Jefimowitsch_Repin_-_Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks_-_Yorck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4122" data-file-height="2437" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><i><a href="/wiki/Reply_of_the_Zaporozhian_Cossacks" title="Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks">Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Cossack_host" title="Cossack host">Cossack hosts</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_Cossacks" title="Amur Cossacks">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Cossacks" title="Astrakhan Cossacks">Astrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azov_Cossack_Host" title="Azov Cossack Host">Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikal_Cossacks" title="Baikal Cossacks">Baikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Cossack_Host" title="Black Sea Cossack Host">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buh_Cossacks" title="Buh Cossacks">Buh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Line_Cossack_Host" title="Caucasus Line Cossack Host">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danube_Cossack_Host" title="Danube Cossack Host">Danube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Cossacks" title="Don Cossacks">Don</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cossacks" title="Free Cossacks">Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greben_Cossacks" title="Greben Cossacks">Greben</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irkutsk_Cossacks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irkutsk Cossacks (page does not exist)">Irkutsk</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Иркутские казаки">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Cossacks" title="Orenburg Cossacks">Orenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Cossacks" title="Red Cossacks">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semirechye_Cossacks" title="Semirechye Cossacks">Semirechye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Cossacks" title="Siberian Cossacks">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terek_Cossacks" title="Terek Cossacks">Terek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Cossacks" title="Ural Cossacks">Ural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ussuri_Cossacks" title="Ussuri Cossacks">Ussuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Cossacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga Cossacks">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Cossacks" title="Zaporozhian Cossacks">Zaporozhian</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> Other Cossack groups</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albazinians" title="Albazinians">Albazinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkirs" title="Bashkirs">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buryat_Cossacks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buryat Cossacks (page does not exist)">Buryat</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Бурятские казаки">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danubian_Sich" title="Danubian Sich">Danube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Cossacks" title="Jewish Cossacks">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekrasov_Cossacks" title="Nekrasov Cossacks">Nekrasov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Cossack_Brigade" title="Persian Cossack Brigade">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%C4%9Fayb%C3%A4k" title="Nağaybäk">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossacks_in_Turkey" title="Cossacks in Turkey">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malorossian_Cossacks" title="Malorossian Cossacks">Malorossian</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cossacks" title="History of the Cossacks">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Registered_Cossacks" title="Registered Cossacks">Registered Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_uprisings" title="Cossack uprisings">Uprisings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosi%C5%84ski_uprising" title="Kosiński uprising">Kosiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalyvaiko_Uprising" title="Nalyvaiko Uprising">Nalyvaiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytsky_Uprising" title="Khmelnytsky Uprising">Khmelnytsky</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hadiach" title="Treaty of Hadiach">Hadiach Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Hetmanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_conquest_of_Siberia" title="Russian conquest of Siberia">Colonisation of Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulavin_Rebellion" title="Bulavin Rebellion">Bulavin Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pugachev%27s_Rebellion" title="Pugachev's Rebellion">Pugachev's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_after_the_Russian_Revolution" title="Ukraine after the Russian Revolution">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Cossackization" title="De-Cossackization">De-Cossackization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XV_SS_Cossack_Cavalry_Corps" title="XV SS Cossack Cavalry Corps">Cossacks in the SS</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> Notable Cossacks</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Doroshenko" title="Petro Doroshenko">Petro Doroshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Khmelnytsky" title="Bohdan Khmelnytsky">Bohdan Khmelnytsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Yurlova" title="Marina Yurlova">Marina Yurlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Konashevych-Sahaidachny" title="Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny">Petro Sahaidachny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mazepa" title="Ivan Mazepa">Ivan Mazepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemelyan_Pugachev" title="Yemelyan Pugachev">Yemelyan Pugachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Razin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stepan Razin">Stepan Razin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sirko" title="Ivan Sirko">Ivan Sirko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Shkuro" title="Andrei Shkuro">Andrei Shkuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Skoropadskyi" title="Pavlo Skoropadskyi">Pavlo Skoropadskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yermak_Timofeyevich" title="Yermak Timofeyevich">Yermak Timofeyevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vyhovsky" title="Ivan Vyhovsky">Ivan Vyhovsky</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> Cossack terms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ataman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetman" title="Hetman">Hetman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontusz" title="Kontusz">Kontusz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurin" title="Kurin">Kurin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotnia" title="Sotnia">Sotnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oseledets" title="Oseledets">Oseledets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papakhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Papakhi">Papakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastun" title="Plastun">Plastun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesaul" title="Yesaul">Yesaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanitsa" title="Stanitsa">Stanitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashka" title="Shashka">Shashka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szabla" title="Szabla">Szabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Cossack clothing">Cossack clothing</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2" class="extiw" title="uk:Одяг запорозьких козаків">uk</a>; <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Казачья одежда">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_cuisine" title="Cossack cuisine">Cossack cuisine</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#FFFF99; padding-bottom:0.2em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> Cossack folklore</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharakternyk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharakternyk (page does not exist)">Kharakternyk</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="uk:Козак-характерник">uk</a>; <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="ru:Характерник">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Mamay" title="Cossack Mamay">Mamay</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cossacks" title="Template:Cossacks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cossacks" title="Template talk:Cossacks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cossacks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cossacks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krasnoshchekov_Fedor_Ivanovich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Krasnoshchekov_Fedor_Ivanovich.jpg/262px-Krasnoshchekov_Fedor_Ivanovich.jpg" decoding="async" width="262" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Krasnoshchekov_Fedor_Ivanovich.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Ivan Matveevich Krasnoshchekov, Ataman of the <a href="/wiki/Don_Cossacks" title="Don Cossacks">Don Cossacks</a>. Portrait is from 1761. The term Ataman is a theme of various Russian folk songs (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlWDQLn0qcM"><span class="plainlinks">Watch Russian folk song where Ataman is the theme of the song</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ataman</b> (variants: <i>otaman</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>wataman</i>, <i>vataman</i>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">атаман</span>; <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">отаман</span>) was a title of <a href="/wiki/Cossack" class="mw-redirect" title="Cossack">Cossack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haidamak" class="mw-redirect" title="Haidamak">haidamak</a> leaders of various kinds. In the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is <i><a href="/wiki/Hetman" title="Hetman">hetman</a></i>. <i>Otaman</i> in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The etymologies of the words <i>ataman</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hetman" title="Hetman">hetman</a></i> are disputed. There may be several independent Germanic and Turkic origins for seemingly cognate forms of the words, all referring to the same concept. The <i>hetman</i> form cognates with German <i><a href="/wiki/Hauptmann" title="Hauptmann">Hauptmann</a></i> ('captain', literally 'head-man') by the way of <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a> or <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, like several other titles. The Russian term <i>ataman</i> is probably connected to <a href="/wiki/Old_East_Slavic" title="Old East Slavic">Old East Slavic</a> <i>vatamanŭ,</i> and cognates with Turkic <i>odoman</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Ottoman Turks</a>). The term <i>ataman</i> may had also a lingual interaction with Polish <i>hetman</i> and German <i>hauptmann</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Suggestions have been made that the word might be of Turkic origin, literally meaning 'father of horsemen'<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 'father of men', 'pure blooded father' or 'eldest man'. Considering the '-man' suffix in turkic languages means men, person, pure blooded or most.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dictionaries assert that the word comes from the <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> word '<i>Hauptmann'</i> which means 'head man', 'headman' or 'chieftain' which entered the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> through <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> '<i>hetman</i>'.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See also <a href="/wiki/Hetman#Etymology" title="Hetman">Hetman § Etymology</a>.</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Otaman_in_Ukraine">Otaman in Ukraine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Otaman in Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Otamans</i> were usually elected by the Host Council or could have been appointed, especially during the military campaigns. The appointed otamans were called <b>acting otaman</b> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">наказний отаман</span></span>, <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn">nakaznyi otaman</i></span>). </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a>, leaders of non-Cossack military units (<a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>, etc.) were also called <i>otamans</i>. In the Cossack Hetmanate, the title was used for the administrative purposes, such as the head of the city, <a href="/wiki/Grad_(Slavic_settlement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grad (Slavic settlement)">City</a> Otaman (городовий отаман). Later such administrative uses were adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a> and were common in <a href="/wiki/Kuban_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuban Oblast">Kuban Oblast</a> with different variations. </p><p>There were various types of otaman: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_host" title="Cossack host">Army</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">військовий отаман</span></span>), an executive officer in the <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhian_Host" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaporizhian Host">Zaporizhian Host</a></li> <li>Campaign otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">похідний отаман</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kish_otaman" title="Kish otaman">Kish otaman</a> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">кошовий отаман</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurin" title="Kurin">Kurin</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">курінний отаман</span></span>), a commander of a <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kurin" title="Kurin">kurin</a></i></span>;</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sotnia" title="Sotnia">Sotennyi</a> otoman</i> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">сотенний отаман</span></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Grad_(Slavic_settlement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grad (Slavic settlement)">city</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">городовий Отаман</span></span>) were the <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sotnyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sotnyk">sotnyk</a></i></span>'s lieutenants. Those titles were introduced during the <a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Hetmanate</a> in the 17th century. Together with the <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Osaul" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaul">osaul</a></i></span> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">осавул</span></span>, 'aide-de-camp') and <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Chor%C4%85%C5%BCy" class="mw-redirect" title="Chorąży">chorąży</a></i></span> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">хорунжий</span></span>, 'flag-bearer'), this otoman helped the <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn">sotnyk</i></span> in administrative affairs.</li> <li>Village otoman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">сільський отаман</span></span>), an administrative rank in the 17th to 18th centuries</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okrug" title="Okrug">Okruh</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">окружний отаман</span></span>), a territorial leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanytsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanytsia">Stanytsia</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">станичний отаман</span></span>), a territorial leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khutir" class="mw-redirect" title="Khutir">Khutir</a> otaman (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">хутірський отаман</span></span>), a territorial leader</li></ul> <p>Otamans were also in charge of general- and regimental-size artillery units, as well as any volunteer military formations and the Zholdak cavalry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20th_century_to_present">20th century to present</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Atamans</i> were the titles of supreme leaders of various Cossack armies during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>. </p><p>When Ukraine acquired its independence in 1918, the rank took on different value. Among the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Sich_Riflemen" title="Ukrainian Sich Riflemen">Ukrainian Sich Riflemen</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Galician_Army" title="Ukrainian Galician Army">Ukrainian Galician Army</a>, it was equivalent to a major, as is the battalion executive officer today. In the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a>, the title was of a general rank. <i>Chief Otoman</i> (головний отаман) was the general of the Ukrainian Army who was assisted by his deputies, Acting Otomans. </p><p>The head of the army of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a>, in particular, <a href="/wiki/Symon_Petliura" title="Symon Petliura">Symon Petliura</a>, was called <i>Supreme Otaman</i> (головний отаман). </p><p>Russian-Azerbaijani MMA fighter <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Fiziev" title="Rafael Fiziev">Rafael Fiziev</a> fights with the nickname "Ataman" as a homage to his mixed Central Asian heritage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haramba%C5%A1a" title="Harambaša">Harambaša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voivode" title="Voivode">Voivode</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\O\T\Otaman.htm">"Otaman" in <i>The Encyclopedia of Ukraine</i></a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yourdictionary.com/ataman">"ataman"</a>. <i>YourDictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YourDictionary&rft.atitle=ataman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yourdictionary.com%2Fataman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"The Cossacks: A super-ethnos in Russia's ribs". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. December 21, 1996.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+Cossacks%3A+A+super-ethnos+in+Russia%27s+ribs&rft.date=1996-12-21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cossackweb.narod.ru/cossacks/ataman.htm">"Ataman"</a>. <i>Cossackweb.narod.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cossackweb.narod.ru&rft.atitle=Ataman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cossackweb.narod.ru%2Fcossacks%2Fataman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark1996" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Larry (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RMe7KpwS3KsC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA4"><i>Turkmen Reference Grammar</i></a>. Harrassowitz. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783447040198" title="Special:BookSources/9783447040198"><bdi>9783447040198</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turkmen+Reference+Grammar&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9783447040198&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRMe7KpwS3KsC%26dq%3DTurkmen%2Betymology%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span>,<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnnanepesov1999" class="citation book cs1">Annanepesov, M. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AzG5llo3YCMC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA127">"The Turkmens"</a>. In Dani, Ahmad Hasan (ed.). <i>History of civilizations of Central Asia</i>. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789231038761" title="Special:BookSources/9789231038761"><bdi>9789231038761</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Turkmens&rft.btitle=History+of+civilizations+of+Central+Asia&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9789231038761&rft.aulast=Annanepesov&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAzG5llo3YCMC%26dq%3DTurkmen%2Betymology%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span>,<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolden1992" class="citation book cs1">Golden, Peter (1992). <i>An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East</i>. Harrassowitz. pp. <span class="nowrap">213–</span>214.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+the+history+of+the+Turkic+peoples+%3A+ethnogenesis+and+state-formation+in+the+medieval+and+early+modern+Eurasia+and+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E213-%3C%2Fspan%3E214&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Golden&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RMe7KpwS3KsC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA4"><i>Turkmen Reference Grammar</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783447040198" title="Special:BookSources/9783447040198"><bdi>9783447040198</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turkmen+Reference+Grammar&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9783447040198&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRMe7KpwS3KsC%26dq%3DTurkmen%2Betymology%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/ataman">"Ataman"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120607070607/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/ataman">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-06-07. <q>from Russian, from Polish hetman, from German Hauptmann (literally: head man)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Ataman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fataman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/ataman">"ataman"</a>. <i>Definitions.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120629013737/http://www.definitions.net/definition/ataman">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-06-29. <q>Etymology: [Russ. ataman': cf. Pol. hetman, G. hauptmann headman, chieftain. Cf. Hetman.]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Definitions.net&rft.atitle=ataman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.definitions.net%2Fdefinition%2Fataman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtaman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/default.asp">Encyclopedia of Ukraine main page</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ataman&oldid=1269012141">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ataman&oldid=1269012141</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_organization_of_Cossacks" title="Category:Military organization of Cossacks">Military organization of Cossacks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_ranks_of_Russia" title="Category:Military ranks of Russia">Military ranks of Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_ranks_of_Ukraine" title="Category:Military ranks of Ukraine">Military ranks of Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Positions_of_subnational_authority" title="Category:Positions of subnational authority">Positions of subnational authority</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atamans" title="Category:Atamans">Atamans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Cossacks" title="Category:History of the Cossacks">History of the Cossacks</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Russian-language text">Articles containing Russian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ukrainian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ukrainian-language text">Articles containing Ukrainian-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 January 2025, at 16:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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