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Tantangan dalam Menumbuhkan Budaya Literasi Siswa di Sekolah

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Perlu strategi dan proses yang membutuhkan waktu untuk menumbuhkan dan menguatkan minat baca siswa, mulai dari kebiasaan di rumah hingga aktifitas di sekolah. Meskipun dalam hal peningkatan program literasi di sekolah saat ini mulai banyak digencarkan dan menjadi perhatian pemangku kepentingan di tingkat daerah."> <meta name="keywords" content="Indonesiana, Tempo, Blog, Publik, Berita, Online, Informasi, Komunitas, Indonesia"> <meta property="og:title" content="Tantangan dalam Menumbuhkan Budaya Literasi Siswa di Sekolah" /> <meta property="og:url" content="" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Aktifitas membaca menjadi sesuatu yang sulit dijadikan budaya anak-anak karena faktor kebiasaan dan pola interaksi keseharian yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan gadget. Perlu strategi dan proses yang membutuhkan waktu untuk menumbuhkan dan menguatkan minat baca siswa, mulai dari kebiasaan di rumah hingga aktifitas di sekolah. 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dalam Menumbuhkan Budaya Literasi Siswa di Sekolah</h1> <small>Senin, 14 Oktober 2024 06:22 WIB</small> <div class="row mb-16"> <div class="col"> <div class="d-flex actiondetail"> <div class="py-2 mr-2">Bagikan Artikel Ini</div> <div class="p-2"> <svg width="19" height="19" viewBox="0 0 19 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M4.75 11.875C6.06168 11.875 7.125 10.8117 7.125 9.5C7.125 8.18832 6.06168 7.125 4.75 7.125C3.43832 7.125 2.375 8.18832 2.375 9.5C2.375 10.8117 3.43832 11.875 4.75 11.875Z" stroke="#424242" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> <path d="M13.0625 17.2188C14.3742 17.2188 15.4375 16.1554 15.4375 14.8438C15.4375 13.5321 14.3742 12.4688 13.0625 12.4688C11.7508 12.4688 10.6875 13.5321 10.6875 14.8438C10.6875 16.1554 11.7508 17.2188 13.0625 17.2188Z" stroke="#424242" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> <path d="M13.0625 6.53125C14.3742 6.53125 15.4375 5.46793 15.4375 4.15625C15.4375 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</div> </div> <div class="text-center mb-24"> <a href="" role="button" class="btn btn-primary">Dukungan Anda sangat berarti bagi keberlangsungan Jurnalistik publik</a> </div> <!-- tipjar --> <div class="fc_banner"> <center>Dukung penulis Indonesiana untuk terus berkarya</center> </div><br> <!-- / --> <div id="articleId"> <div class="detailcontentartile"> <p> Aktifitas membaca menjadi sesuatu yang sulit dijadikan budaya anak-anak karena faktor kebiasaan dan pola interaksi keseharian yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan gadget. Perlu strategi dan proses yang membutuhkan waktu untuk menumbuhkan dan menguatkan minat baca siswa, mulai dari kebiasaan di rumah hingga aktifitas di sekolah. Meskipun dalam hal peningkatan program literasi di sekolah saat ini mulai banyak digencarkan dan menjadi perhatian pemangku kepentingan di tingkat daerah. </p> <p> <p>Membaca merupakan keterampilan hidup dasar manusia semenjak terjadi interaksi antar individu, atau komunitas/ kelompok masyarakat.</p> <p>Literasi membaca memiliki sejarah yang cukup panjang. Dimulai sebelum ditemukannya aksara sebagai salah satu cara menyampaikan pesan dalam bentuk tulisan.</p> <div class="bggrey iklan">Iklan</div> <div class="parallax-box"> <div class="parallax-out"> <div class="parallax-in"> <div class="parallax-img"> <div class="banner300x600"> <a href="#parallax"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-parallax"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-parallax"); }); </script> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bggrey lanjutkan"> <svg style="margin-right: 13px;" width="10" height="10" viewBox="0 0 13 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M1.5 7.83341L6.5 12.8334L11.5 7.83341M1.5 1.16675L6.5 6.16675L11.5 1.16675" stroke="#424242" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> </svg> Scroll Untuk Melanjutkan <svg style="margin-left: 13px;" width="10" height="10" viewBox="0 0 13 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M1.5 7.83341L6.5 12.8334L11.5 7.83341M1.5 1.16675L6.5 6.16675L11.5 1.16675" stroke="#424242" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> </svg> </div> <p>Literasi adalah kemampuan untuk mengidentifikasi, memahami, menginterpretasikan, membuat, menghitung, dan berkomunikasi menggunakan materi visual, audio, dan digital lintas disiplin ilmu dan dalam konteks apa pun.</p> <p>Menurut UNESCO, Literasi adalah rangkaian pembelajaran dan kemahiran dalam membaca, menulis, dan menggunakan angka sepanjang hidup dan merupakan bagian dari serangkaian keterampilan yang lebih besar, yang mencakup keterampilan digital, literasi media, pendidikan untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan, dan kewarganegaraan global serta keterampilan khusus pekerjaan.</p> <p>Keterampilan literasi sendiri berkembang dan berevolusi seiring dengan semakin banyaknya orang yang terlibat dengan informasi dan pembelajaran melalui teknologi digital. 聽</p> <p>Dikutip dari online.uptb.edu, asal muasal literasi dapat ditelusuri kembali ke Mesopotamia selatan sekitar 3.000 SM. Bangsa Sumeria kuno mulai menulis di atas lempengan tanah liat dan kemudian menciptakan aksara paku, sistem penulisan pertama yang diketahui. Meskipun tulisan awal ini terdiri dari simbol-simbol dasar, tulisan ini akan menjadi cikal bakal aksara lengkap dan bahasa modern. 聽</p> <p>Selama berabad-abad, hanya beberapa orang terpilih yang diajari membaca dan menulis. Hal itu berubah dengan ditemukannya mesin cetak oleh Johannes Guttenberg pada tahun 1450-an. Buku berubah dari barang langka yang disalin dengan tangan menjadi barang biasa. Penemuan mesin cetak 聽mendorong renaisans ke tahap yang lebih tinggi , dan literasi tiba-tiba menjadi anugerah bagi masyarakat umum, bukan kemewahan bagi kaum elit yang kaya. 聽</p> <p><strong>Problematika literasi聽</strong></p> <p>Sejak tahun 1946, UNESCO telah berupaya mewujudkan visi literasi untuk semua orang dengan keyakinan bahwa memperoleh dan meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sepanjang hidup merupakan bagian intrinsik dari hak atas pendidikan dan membawa serta pemberdayaan dan manfaat yang besar. Namun, meskipun ada kemajuan secara global, 754 juta orang dewasa masih belum bisa membaca dan menulis.聽</p> <p>Di Indonesia, menurut data BPS terakhir, dari 38 provinsi yang ada, sebanyak 1,24% penduduk Indonesia berusia di atas 5 tahun yang pernah mengakses internet tidak dapat membaca. Fakta lainnya bahwa Indonesia kini menempati peringkat 70 dari 80 negara dengan skor literasi membaca sebesar 359. Dengan kondisi itu, upaya Gerakan literasi membaca terus digalakkan. Terutama literasi di kalangan pelajar di sekolah-sekolah yang dalam beberapa waktu terakhir ini banyak menunjukkan kondisi yang tidak menggembirakan.</p> <p>Dalam beberapa kesempatan di lapangan, sebagai fasilitator Program Sekolah Penggerak Kemdikbudristek, saya berdialog dengan banyak guru di sekolah-sekolah, mengenai problematika literasi siswa di sekolah. Ini menurut saya menjadi tantangan yang perlu dihadapi dan diatasi secara massif. Berikut adalah tantangan literasi siswa di sekolah:</p> <p><strong>Minat baca siswa yang rendah</strong></p> <p>Berdasarkan laporan Pendidikan hasil Asesmen Nasional di sekolah yang saya dampingi, menunjukkan angka penurunan dari capaian indikator kemampuan literasi. Di mana akar masalahnya adalah kemampuan siswa dalam membaca teks informasi, yang secara praktik menunjukkan tentang kompetensi siswa dalam memahami isi teks, menginterpretasikan atau menjelaskan isi tulisan informatif serta tulisan teks sastra.</p> <p>Permasalahan kompetensi tersebut diidentifikasi sebagai dampak dari rendahnya minat baca siswa dalam aktifitas sekolah, aktifitas di luar sekolah serta berbagai aktifitas lainnya yang berkaitan dengan aktifitas membaca.</p> <p>Aktifitas membaca menjadi sesuatu yang sulit dijadikan budaya anak-anak karena faktor kebiasaan dan pola interaksi keseharian yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan gadget. Baik itu untuk komunikasi berbasis chat atau permainan digital.</p> <p>Perlu strategi dan proses yang membutuhkan waktu untuk menumbuhkan dan menguatkan minat baca siswa, mulai dari kebiasaan di rumah, hingga aktifitas di sekolah, walaupun dalam hal peningkatan program literasi di sekolah saat ini mulai banyak digencarkan dan menjadi perhatian pemangku kepentingan di tingkat daerah.</p> <p><strong>Peran guru belum maksimal</strong></p> <p>Peran guru dalam meningkatkan literasi siswa tentu sangat menentukan. Aktifitas belajar adalah proses yang 聽melibatkan kemampuan literasi siswa, seperti membaca, menulis, menjelaskan atau membuat simpulan konsep pelajaran. Namun, guru dalam memberikan tugas 聽kurang memberi kesempatan siswa dalam mengeksplorasi kemampuan membaca kecuali mengarahkan fokus siswa untuk menyelasaikan tugas atau latihan berbasis teks buku ajar. Sehingga porsi siswa untuk lebih lanjut mencari sumber ajar di luar buku teks kurang terpenuhi.</p> <p>Kemudian, program literasi yang dilakukan oleh guru di kelas untuk menguatkan budaya membaca melalui pojok baca, dan koleksi buku di perpustakaan sekolah juga belum dapat mendukung minat baca siswa bertambah. Perpustakaan sekolah seringkali kurang banyak dikunjungi oleh siswa karena sentra belajar siswa hanya difokuskan di dalam kelas. Jikapun ada jadwal kunjungan ke perpustakaan, kegiatan tersebut akhirnya jadi menjenuhkan dan kurang berdampak, karena hanya sebatas formalitas. Ditambah lagi koleksi buku yang kurang ter'update' atau jenis buku yang tidak menarik siswa untuk membacanya secara mendalam atau hingga tuntas.</p> <p><strong>Kultur sekolah yang tidak mendukung budaya literasi</strong></p> <p>Budaya literasi dapat dikatakan sebagai sesuatu yang sering terjadi di dalam masyarakat yang meliputi segala usaha manusia yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan membaca dan menulis.</p> <p>Tujuan budaya literasi adalah menciptakan tradisi berpikir yang diikuti oleh proses membaca dan menulis sehingga menciptakan karya yang bermanfaat bagi komunitas masyarakat itu sendiri, atau masyarakat lainnya.聽</p> <p>Budaya literasi sangat berperan penting dalam peningkatan pendidikan karakter pada setiap manusia. Jika sekolah memiliki berbagai aktifitas yang mendukung terciptanya dan menguatnya budaya lterasi siswa, juga para guru, maka pendidikan karakter akan dapat terlaksana lebih baik.</p> <p>Selanjutnya, ketika budaya literasi di sekolah semakin membaik, para stakeholder akan dengan penuh kesadaran mengembangkan program yang secara terstruktur membantu meningkatkan minat baca warga sekolah dan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Dengan demikian, sekolah akan lebih konsisten dalam memaksimalkan kebutuhan program literasi dengan berbagai aspek dan konsekwensilogisnya. Agar mendatangkan "renaisans" lagi dengan meningkatknya budaya membaca dan berpikir kritis masyarakat Indonesia di tengah krisis mental, merosotnya kepercayaan diri dan kemampuan berkarya serta berinovasi.</p> <p>聽</p> </p> </div> </div> <div class="d-flex mb-24"> <div class="greenbox"><a href="https://www.indonesiana.id/tag/literasi-informasi">#literasi-informasi</a></div> </div> <div class="row mb-24"> <div class="col"> <div class="d-flex actiondetail"> <div class="py-2 mr-2">Bagikan Artikel Ini</div> <div class="p-2"> <svg width="19" height="19" viewBox="0 0 19 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M4.75 11.875C6.06168 11.875 7.125 10.8117 7.125 9.5C7.125 8.18832 6.06168 7.125 4.75 7.125C3.43832 7.125 2.375 8.18832 2.375 9.5C2.375 10.8117 3.43832 11.875 4.75 11.875Z" stroke="#424242" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" /> <path d="M13.0625 17.2188C14.3742 17.2188 15.4375 16.1554 15.4375 14.8438C15.4375 13.5321 14.3742 12.4688 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