CINXE.COM
ശരീഅത്ത് - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ml" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>ശരീഅത്ത് - വിക്കിപീഡിയ</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mlwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","ജനുവരി","ഫെബ്രുവരി","മാർച്ച്","ഏപ്രിൽ","മേയ്","ജൂൺ","ജൂലൈ","ഓഗസ്റ്റ്","സെപ്റ്റംബർ","ഒക്ടോബർ","നവംബർ","ഡിസംബർ"],"wgRequestId":"07d9be7a-b589-418a-b563-d44306692d78","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"ശരീഅത്ത്","wgTitle":"ശരീഅത്ത്","wgCurRevisionId":4015923,"wgRevisionId":4015923,"wgArticleId":10943,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്-language sources (en)","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles containing Arabic-language text","CS1: long volume value","Pages using the JsonConfig extension","CS1 errors: generic name","CS1 errors: extra text: volume","ഇസ്ലാമികം","നിയമങ്ങൾ", "ശരീഅത്ത്"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ml","wgPageContentLanguage":"ml","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"ശരീഅത്ത്","wgRelevantArticleId":10943,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Sharia","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ml","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ml"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled": false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q482752","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.2"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles": "ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ml&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ml&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ml&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/1200px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1270"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/800px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="847"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/640px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="677"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="ശരീഅത്ത് - വിക്കിപീഡിയ"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ml.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="തിരുത്തുക" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ (ml)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ml.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ml"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ ആറ്റം ഫീഡ്" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-ശരീഅത്ത് rootpage-ശരീഅത്ത് skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="സൈറ്റ്"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="പ്രധാന മെനു" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">പ്രധാന മെനു</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">പ്രധാന മെനു</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">സൈഡ്ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ഉള്ളടക്കം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രധാനതാൾ സന്ദർശിക്കുക [z]" accesskey="z"><span>പ്രധാന താൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-content-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയയുടെ ഉള്ളടക്ക പര്യവേക്ഷണം"><span>ഉള്ളടക്കം</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സമകാലീനസംഭവങ്ങളുടെ പശ്ചാത്തലം അന്വേഷിക്കുക"><span>സമകാലികം</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയയിൽ പുതുതായി നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെട്ട താളുകൾ"><span>പുതിയ താളുകൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു താൾ തുറക്കൂ [x]" accesskey="x"><span>ഏതെങ്കിലും താൾ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> പങ്കാളിത്തം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-startarticle" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="പുതിയ ഒരു ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുവാൻ"><span>ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുക</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിയിലെ സമീപകാലമാറ്റങ്ങൾ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>സമീപകാല മാറ്റങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="പദ്ധതി താളിനെക്കുറിച്ച്, താങ്കൾക്കെന്തൊക്കെ ചെയ്യാം, കാര്യങ്ങൾ എവിടെനിന്ന് കണ്ടെത്താം"><span>സാമൂഹികകവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-portal-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82"><span>കവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-panchayat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ആറു ഗ്രാമസഭകളുള്ള വിക്കിപീഡിയ ചർച്ചാവേദി"><span>പഞ്ചായത്ത്</span></a></li><li id="n-Embassy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:Embassy"><span>Embassy</span></a></li><li id="n-അപ്ലോഡ്" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D"><span>അപ്ലോഡ്</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> വഴികാട്ടി </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സഹായം ലഭ്യമായ ഇടം"><span>സഹായം</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF"><span>എഴുത്തുകളരി</span></a></li><li id="n-styleguide-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82"><span>ശൈലീപുസ്തകം</span></a></li><li id="n-policies-and-gl-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82"><span>നയങ്ങളും മാർഗ്ഗരേഖകളും</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-communication-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-communication-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ആശയവിനിമയം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-livechat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%90.%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC.%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF."><span>തത്സമയ സംവാദം</span></a></li><li id="n-maillist-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D"><span>മെയിലിങ് ലിസ്റ്റ്</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="വിക്കിപീഡിയ" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ml.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="<small>വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം</small>" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ml.svg" width="119" height="12" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>തിരയൂ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" aria-label="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" autocapitalize="sentences" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="പ്രത്യേകം:അന്വേഷണം"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">തിരയൂ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&uselang=ml" class=""><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&returnto=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു" class=""><span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&returnto=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ലോഗിൻ ചെയ്യുവാൻ താല്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു; പക്ഷേ നിർബന്ധമല്ല [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>പ്രവേശിക്കുക</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="കൂടുതൽ ഐച്ഛികങ്ങൾ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&uselang=ml"><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&returnto=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&returnto=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ലോഗിൻ ചെയ്യുവാൻ താല്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു; പക്ഷേ നിർബന്ധമല്ല [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>പ്രവേശിക്കുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>കൂടുതൽ അറിയുക</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="ഈ ഐ.പി. വിലാസത്തിൽനിന്നുള്ള തിരുത്തലുകളെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള സംവാദം [n]" accesskey="n"><span>സംവാദം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eഒഴിവാക്കുക\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ml\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable width=\"100%;\" align=\"center\" style=\"background:#EAF6FD;text-align: center;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\u003Cb\u003EReading Problems?\u003C/b\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:To_Read_in_Malayalam\" title=\"സഹായം:To Read in Malayalam\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EClick here\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\n\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"width:98%; margin:5px auto; border: 1px solid #fff640; border-style: outset; box-shadow:2px 2px 4px #aaa; padding:13px 15px; background:linear-gradient(to right, #f0cdd6 1%,#ffffff 29%,#ffffff 68%,#d0f1f9 99%); font-size:1.1em;\"\u003E\n\u003Cfigure class=\"mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Notepad_icon.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Notepad_icon.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"66\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"71\" data-file-height=\"59\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E \n\u003Cfigure class=\"mw-halign-right\" typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:WAM_logo_without_text.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/80px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"86\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/120px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/160px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"859\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align:center;\"\u003E \n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:WAM2024\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"വിക്കിപീഡിയ:WAM2024\"\u003Eവിക്കിപീഡിയ എഷ്യൻമാസം 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E \u003Cbr /\u003E2015ൽ ആരംഭിച്ച ഏഷ്യയിലുള്ള വിവിധ ഭാഷാസമൂഹങ്ങൾ പങ്കെടുക്കുന്ന ലേഖന രചനായജ്ഞമാണ് വിക്കിപീഡിയ ഏഷ്യൻ മാസം.\u003Cbr /\u003E 1 നവംബർ മുതൽ 30 നവംബർ വരെ \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:WAM2024\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"വിക്കിപീഡിയ:WAM2024\"\u003Eപങ്കുചേരൂ\u003C/a\u003E..\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E \n\u003Cstyle data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r4107485\"\u003E.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}\u003C/style\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"plainlinks ombox ombox-notice\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"\u0026quot;width:90%; margin:0 auto; border: 1px solid #666; padding:10px 15px; background; background:linear-gradient(to bottom, #f7fbfc 0%,#d9edf2 40%,#EAF6FD 100%); font-size:1.1em;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-image\"\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Wikisource_laurier.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/50px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"46\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/75px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/100px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"127\" data-file-height=\"116\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003Eപള്ളിക്കൂടത്തിലേക്ക് വീണ്ടും \u003Cbr /\u003E പഴയ മലയാളം പാഠപുസ്തകങ്ങൾ ഡിജിറ്റൈസ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാല പദ്ധതി നടക്കുന്നു. പങ്കെടുക്കുക.\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://w.wiki/BpRA\"\u003Eകൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾ\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="സൈറ്റ്"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ഉള്ളടക്കം" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ഉള്ളടക്കം</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">സൈഡ്ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">തുടക്കം</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ചരിത്രം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ചരിത്രം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ചരിത്രം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ചരിത്രം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-അവലംബം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#അവലംബം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>അവലംബം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-അവലംബം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ഉള്ളടക്കം" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ശരീഅത്ത്</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 104 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 ഭാഷകൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria – ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sjaria" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scharia" title="Scharia – സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Scharia" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الشريعة الإسلامية – അറബിക്" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الشريعة الإسلامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="അറബിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87" title="شريعه اسلاميه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شريعه اسلاميه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A4" title="শ্বৰীয়ত – ആസ്സാമീസ്" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শ্বৰীয়ত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ആസ്സാമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaria" title="Xaria – അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xaria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="ШаригӀат – അവാരിക്" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ШаригӀат" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="അവാരിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99ri%C9%99t" title="Şəriət – അസർബൈജാനി" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şəriət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="അസർബൈജാനി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%93%D3%99%D1%82" title="Шәриғәт – ബഷ്ഖിർ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шәриғәт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ബഷ്ഖിർ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Шарыят – ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шарыят" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Шарыят – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шарыят" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариат – ബൾഗേറിയൻ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шариат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ബൾഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A4" title="শরিয়ত – ബംഗ്ലാ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শরিয়ত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ബംഗ്ലാ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཤ་རི་ཡ། – ടിബറ്റൻ" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཤ་རི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ടിബറ്റൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0erijat" title="Šerijat – ബോസ്നിയൻ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šerijat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ബോസ്നിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Шарид – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Шарид" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaria" title="Xaria – കറ്റാലാൻ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Xaria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="കറ്റാലാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شەریعەتی ئیسلامی – സെൻട്രൽ കുർദിഷ്" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەریعەتی ئیسلامی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="സെൻട്രൽ കുർദിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C3%ADa" title="Šaría – ചെക്ക്" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šaría" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ചെക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – ഡാനിഷ്" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ഡാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scharia" title="Scharia – ജർമ്മൻ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Scharia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%9D%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A9%DE%A2%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%B0" title="ޝަރީޢަތް – ദിവെഹി" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޝަރީޢަތް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ദിവെഹി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Σαρία – ഗ്രീക്ക്" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ഗ്രീക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cario" title="Ŝario – എസ്പരാന്റോ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝario" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="എസ്പരാന്റോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shar%C3%ADa" title="Sharía – സ്പാനിഷ്" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sharía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="സ്പാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ariaat" title="Šariaat – എസ്റ്റോണിയൻ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Šariaat" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="എസ്റ്റോണിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaria" title="Xaria – ബാസ്ക്" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Xaria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ബാസ്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AD%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="احکام اسلام – പേർഷ്യൻ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="احکام اسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="പേർഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0aria" title="Šaria – ഫിന്നിഷ്" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Šaria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ഫിന്നിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charia" title="Charia – ഫ്രഞ്ച്" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ഫ്രഞ്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaria" title="Xaria – ഗലീഷ്യൻ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xaria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ഗലീഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shari%27a" title="Shari'a – ഹൗസ" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Shari'a" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ഹൗസ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%94" title="שריעה – ഹീബ്രു" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שריעה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ഹീബ്രു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4" title="शरीयत – ഹിന്ദി" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शरीयत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ഹിന്ദി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0erijatsko_pravo" title="Šerijatsko pravo – ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Šerijatsko pravo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar%C3%ADa" title="Saría – ഹംഗേറിയൻ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Saría" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ഹംഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Շարիաթ – അർമേനിയൻ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շարիաթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="അർമേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1_(%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1)" title="Սարիա (Տոտեքանիսա) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սարիա (Տոտեքանիսա)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syariat_Islam" title="Syariat Islam – ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Syariat Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%80%D0%B0" title="ШарӀа – ഇങ്കുഷ്" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ШарӀа" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ഇങ്കുഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shario" title="Shario – ഇഡോ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shario" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ഇഡോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjar%C3%ADal%C3%B6g" title="Sjaríalög – ഐസ്ലാൻഡിക്" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjaríalög" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ഐസ്ലാൻഡിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shari%27a" title="Shari'a – ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shari'a" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A2" title="シャリーア – ജാപ്പനീസ്" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャリーア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ജാപ്പനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar%C3%A9ngat_Islam" title="Saréngat Islam – ജാവനീസ്" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Saréngat Islam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ജാവനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="შარიათი – ജോർജിയൻ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შარიათი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ജോർജിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариғат – കസാഖ്" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шариғат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="കസാഖ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%80_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮೀ ನ್ಯಾಯ – കന്നഡ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮೀ ನ್ಯಾಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="കന്നഡ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="샤리아 – കൊറിയൻ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샤리아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="കൊറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eer%C3%AEet" title="Şerîet – കുർദ്ദിഷ്" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şerîet" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="കുർദ്ദിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Шарият – കിർഗിസ്" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Шарият" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="കിർഗിസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – ലാറ്റിൻ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ലാറ്റിൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ariatas" title="Šariatas – ലിത്വാനിയൻ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šariatas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ലിത്വാനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ariats" title="Šariats – ലാറ്റ്വിയൻ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šariats" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ലാറ്റ്വിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – മലഗാസി" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="മലഗാസി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarak" title="Syarak – മിനാങ്കബൗ" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Syarak" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="മിനാങ്കബൗ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്ത ലേഖനം"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шеријат – മാസിഡോണിയൻ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шеријат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="മാസിഡോണിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Шариатын хууль – മംഗോളിയൻ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шариатын хууль" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="മംഗോളിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syariat_Islam" title="Syariat Islam – മലെയ്" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Syariat Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="മലെയ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="ရှရီအသ် – ബർമീസ്" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှရီအသ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ബർമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – ഡച്ച്" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ഡച്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria – നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്സ്" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sjaria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്സ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്മൽ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്മൽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%96%DF%98%DF%8D%DF%AC%DF%9E%DF%9F%DF%8F%DF%AC%DF%93%DF%8A%DF%B0%DF%A6%DF%8A_(_%DF%9B%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%A6%DF%8A_)_%DF%9E%DF%8E%DF%AC%DF%99%DF%8E%DF%B2%DF%AC%DF%98%DF%8E_(_%DF%9B%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%99%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%A6%DF%8A_)_%DF%9F%DF%8E%DF%AC_%DF%93%DF%90%DF%9B%DF%8E%DF%B2" title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߓߊ߰ߦߊ ( ߛߌ߬ߟߡߊ߬ߦߊ ) ߞߎ߬ߙߎ߲߬ߘߎ ( ߛߊ߬ߙߌ߬ߦߊ ) ߟߎ߬ ߓߐߛߎ߲ – ഇൻകോ" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߖߘߍ߬ߞߟߏ߬ߓߊ߰ߦߊ ( ߛߌ߬ߟߡߊ߬ߦߊ ) ߞߎ߬ߙߎ߲߬ߘߎ ( ߛߊ߬ߙߌ߬ߦߊ ) ߟߎ߬ ߓߐߛߎ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="ഇൻകോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариат – ഒസ്സെറ്റിക്" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Шариат" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ഒസ്സെറ്റിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4" title="ਸ਼ਰੀਅਤ – പഞ്ചാബി" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ਰੀਅਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="പഞ്ചാബി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szariat" title="Szariat – പോളിഷ്" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szariat" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="പോളിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="شریعت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شریعت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="شريعت – പഷ്തോ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شريعت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="പഷ്തോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaria" title="Xaria – പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xaria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98aria" title="Șaria – റൊമാനിയൻ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Șaria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="റൊമാനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариат – റഷ്യൻ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шариат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="റഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариат – സാഖ" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Шариат" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="സാഖ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – സ്കോട്സ്" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="സ്കോട്സ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamsko_pravo" title="Islamsko pravo – സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islamsko pravo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%82%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%86_-_%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92" title="ෂරීආ - ඉස්ලාමීය නීති රීති – സിംഹള" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ෂරීආ - ඉස්ලාමීය නීති රීති" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="സിംഹള" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C3%ADa" title="Šaría – സ്ലോവാക്" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Šaría" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവാക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0eriat" title="Šeriat – സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Šeriat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareecada" title="Shareecada – സോമാലി" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shareecada" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="സോമാലി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheriati" title="Sheriati – അൽബേനിയൻ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sheriati" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="അൽബേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шеријат – സെർബിയൻ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шеријат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="സെർബിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – സ്വീഡിഷ്" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="സ്വീഡിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="இசுலாமியச் சட்ட முறைமை – തമിഴ്" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுலாமியச் சட்ட முறைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="തമിഴ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="షరియా – തെലുങ്ക്" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="షరియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="തെലുങ്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шариат – താജിക്" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шариат" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="താജിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="ชะรีอะฮ์ – തായ്" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชะรีอะฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="തായ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – തഗാലോഗ്" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="തഗാലോഗ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eeriat" title="Şeriat – ടർക്കിഷ്" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şeriat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ടർക്കിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Шәригать – ടാട്ടർ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шәригать" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ടാട്ടർ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%AA" title="شەرىئەت – ഉയ്ഘുർ" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شەرىئەت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ഉയ്ഘുർ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Шаріат – ഉക്രേനിയൻ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шаріат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ഉക്രേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="شریعت – ഉറുദു" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شریعت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ഉറുദു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariat" title="Shariat – ഉസ്ബെക്ക്" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shariat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ഉസ്ബെക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – വാരേയ്" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="വാരേയ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯兰教法 – വു ചൈനീസ്" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯兰教法" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="വു ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="შარიათი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="შარიათი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9B%E2%B5%9B%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%84%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵛⵛⴰⵔⵉⵄⴰ – സ്റ്റാൻഡേർഡ് മൊറോക്കൻ റ്റാമസിയറ്റ്" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵛⵛⴰⵔⵉⵄⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="സ്റ്റാൻഡേർഡ് മൊറോക്കൻ റ്റാമസിയറ്റ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്ത ലേഖനം"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法 – ചൈനീസ്" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯蘭教法" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="回教法 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="回教法" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia – മിൻ നാൻ ചൈനീസ്" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sharia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="മിൻ നാൻ ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法 – കാന്റണീസ്" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭教法" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="കാന്റണീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q482752#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="അന്തർഭാഷാ കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക" class="wbc-editpage">കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="നാമമേഖലകൾ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="വിവരദായക താൾ കാണുക [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ലേഖനം</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" rel="discussion" title="വിവരദായക താളിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ചർച്ച [t]" accesskey="t"><span>സംവാദം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ഭാഷയുടെ ചരം മാറ്റുക" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">മലയാളം</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ദർശനീയത"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C"><span>വായിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ മൂലരൂപം തിരുത്തുക [e]" accesskey="e"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=history" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ പഴയ പതിപ്പുകൾ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>നാൾവഴി കാണുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">സൈഡ്ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C"><span>വായിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ മൂലരൂപം തിരുത്തുക [e]" accesskey="e"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=history"><span>നാൾവഴി കാണുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> സാർവത്രികം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ഈ താളിലേക്കു കണ്ണിയാൽ ബന്ധിപ്പിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്ന എല്ലാ വിക്കി താളുകളുടേയും പട്ടിക. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ഈ താളിലേക്കുള്ള കണ്ണികൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" rel="nofollow" title="താളുകളിലെ പുതിയ മാറ്റങ്ങൾ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>അനുബന്ധ മാറ്റങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/വിക്കിപീഡിയ:അപ്ലോഡ്" title="പ്രമാണങ്ങൾ അപ്ലോഡ് ചെയ്യുവാൻ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>അപ്ലോഡ്</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രത്യേകതാളുകളുടെ പട്ടിക [q]" accesskey="q"><span>പ്രത്യേക താളുകൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&oldid=4015923" title="താളിന്റെ ഈ പതിപ്പിന്റെ സ്ഥിരം കണ്ണി"><span>സ്ഥിരംകണ്ണി</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=info" title="ഈ താളിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള കൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾ"><span>താളിന്റെ വിവരങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%82&page=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&id=4015923&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ഈ താളിനെ എങ്ങനെ അവലംബിതമാക്കാം എന്ന വിവരങ്ങൾ"><span>ഈ താൾ ഉദ്ധരിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fml.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B4%25B6%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B5%2580%25E0%25B4%2585%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E2%2580%258C"><span>ചെറുതാക്കിയ യൂ.ആർ.എൽ. ലഭ്യമാക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fml.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B4%25B6%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B5%2580%25E0%25B4%2585%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E2%2580%258C"><span>ക്യൂആർ കോഡ് ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> അച്ചടിയ്ക്കുക/കയറ്റുമതി ചെയ്യുക </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C"><span>പുസ്തകം സൃഷ്ടിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF ആയി ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&printable=yes" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ അച്ചടി രൂപം [p]" accesskey="p"><span>അച്ചടിരൂപം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ഇതരപദ്ധതികളിൽ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sharia" hreflang="en"><span>വിക്കിമീഡിയ കോമൺസ്</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q482752" title="ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഡേറ്റാ ശേഖര ഇനത്തിലേയ്ക്കുള്ള കണ്ണി [g]" accesskey="g"><span>വിക്കിഡേറ്റ ഇനം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">സൈഡ്ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharia&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> എന്ന താളിൽ നിന്നും തിരിച്ചുവിട്ടതു പ്രകാരം)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ml" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"> <div id="purl" class="NavFrame collapsed" style="float: right; font-size: 85%; position: absolute; top: -4em; right: 0; width: auto; background: #eae9e9;"> <div class="NavHead" style="padding: 1px 8px;"><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia">ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് വിലാസം</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Prettyurl#ഉപയോഗക്രമം" title="സഹായം"><img alt="സഹായം" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></b> </div> <div class="NavContent" style="background:#eae9e9; width:auto"><span class="plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap; overflow: hidden"><a class="external free" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia">https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <table class="toccolours" style="float:right; clear:right; width: 18em; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align: center; border: 2px solid black; background: #FFFFFF;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><span style="font-size: 170%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ഇസ്ലാം മതം">ഇസ്ലാം മതം</a></b></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/120px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/180px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg/240px-Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="218" /></a></span><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="അഖീദ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color:#ffffff;">വിശ്വാസങ്ങൾ</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%81" title="അല്ലാഹു">അല്ലാഹു</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ദൈവം">ദൈവത്തിന്റെ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="തൗഹീദ്">ഏകത്വം</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF#പ്രവാചകത്വം" class="mw-redirect" title="മുഹമ്മദ് നബി">മുഹമ്മദ് നബിയുടെ പ്രവാചകത്വം</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="ഇസ്ലാമിലെ പ്രവാചകന്മാർ">പ്രവാചകന്മാർ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="അന്ത്യനാൾ">അന്ത്യനാൾ</a><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:#ffffff; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="ഇസ്ലാമിലെ പഞ്ചസ്തംഭങ്ങൾ"><span style="color: white;">അനുഷ്ഠാനങ്ങൾ</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ശഹാദത്ത്">വിശ്വാസം</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="നമസ്കാരം">പ്രാർഥന</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="സൗം">വ്രതം</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="സകാത്ത്">സകാത്ത്</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹജ്ജ്">തീർത്ഥാടനം</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:#ffffff; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഇസ്ലാമിന്റെ ചരിത്രം (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">ചരിത്രവും </span></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഇസ്ലാം മത നേതാക്കൾ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">നേതാക്കളും</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="മുഹമ്മദ് നബി">മുഹമ്മദ് ബിൻ അബ്ദുല്ല</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="അബൂബക്ർ സിദ്ദീഖ്">അബൂബക്ർ സിദ്ദീഖ്</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ഉമർ ബിൻ ഖതാബ്">ഉമർ ബിൻ ഖതാബ്</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="ഉസ്മാൻ ബിൻ അഫ്ഫാൻ">ഉസ്മാൻ ബിൻ അഫ്ഫാൻ</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="അലി ബിൻ അബീത്വാലിബ്">അലി ബിൻ അബീത്വാലിബ്</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="സ്വഹാബികൾ">സ്വഹാബികൾ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D" title="സലഫ്">സലഫ്</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_(%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="പ്രവാചകൻ (ഇസ്ലാമികം)">പ്രവാചകന്മാർ</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="അഹ്ലുൽ ബൈത്ത്">അഹ്ലുൽ ബൈത്ത്</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:#ffffff; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഇസ്ലാം മതഗ്രന്ഥങ്ങൾ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">ഗ്രന്ഥങ്ങളും</span></a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="മദ്ഹബ്"><span style="color: white;">നിയമങ്ങളും</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB" title="ഖുർആൻ">ഖുർആൻ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="സുന്നത്ത്">നബിചര്യ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹദീഥ്">ഹദീഥ്</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D" title="ഫിഖ്ഹ്">ഫിഖ്ഹ്</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ശരീഅത്ത്</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="മദ്ഹബുകൾ"><span style="color: white;">മദ്ഹബുകൾ</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹനഫി മദ്ഹബ്">ഹനഫി</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="മാലികി">മാലികി</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%27%E0%B4%88_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="ശാഫി'ഈ മദ്ഹബ്">ശാഫി</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="ഹംബലി">ഹംബലി</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="മുസ്ലിം വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">പ്രധാന ശാഖകൾ</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="സുന്നി">സുന്നി</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="ശിയ">ശിയ</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="സൂഫി">സൂഫി</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="സലഫി പ്രസ്ഥാനം">സലഫി പ്രസ്ഥാനം</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="പ്രധാന മസ്ജിദുകൾ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">പ്രധാന മസ്ജിദുകൾ</span></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="മസ്ജിദുൽ ഹറം">മസ്ജിദുൽ ഹറം</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="മസ്ജിദുന്നബവി">മസ്ജിദുന്നബവി</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8" title="മസ്ജിദുൽ അഖ്സ">മസ്ജിദുൽ അഖ്സ</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: white; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഇസ്ലാം സംസ്കാരം (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><span style="color: white;">സംസ്കാരം</span></a> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2" title="മുസ്ലിം കല">കല</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="മുസ്ലിം തത്ത്വചിന്ത (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">തത്വചിന്ത</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="മുസ്ലിം വാസ്തുവിദ്യ">വാസ്തുവിദ്യ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="മുസ്ലിം പള്ളികൾ">മുസ്ലിം പള്ളികൾ</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B1_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ഹിജ്റ വർഷം">ഹിജ്റ വർഷം</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%98%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="മുസ്ലിം ആഘോഷങ്ങൾ">ആഘോഷങ്ങൾ</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color: white; background-color:#1874CD;"><b><span style="color: white;">ഇതുംകൂടികാണുക</span> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 88%;"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82" title="ഇസ്ലാമും വിമർശനങ്ങളും">ഇസ്ലാമും വിമർശനങ്ങളും</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="കവാടം:ഇസ്ലാം">ഇസ്ലാം കവാടം</a></b> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>ഇസ്ലാമിന്റെ മതപരമായ പ്രമാണങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന്, പ്രത്യേകിച്ചും <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB" title="ഖുർആൻ">ഖുർആൻ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹദീഥ്">ഹദീഥ്</a> എന്നിവയിൽ നിന്ന് ഉരുത്തിരിഞ്ഞ ഇസ്ലാമിക നിയമങ്ങളാണ് <b>ശരീഅത്ത്</b> ( <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="അറബി ഭാഷ">അറബി</a>:<span style="font-family: 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'Alvi Nastaleeq', 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', serif; color: green;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2969694">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-size:1.15em;font-family:"Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey David CLM","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli","SBL BibLit","SBL Hebrew",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%;" dir="rtl"><span style="font-size:120%">شَرِيعَة</span></span>‬</span> ) എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്.<sup id="cite_ref-oxforddic_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxforddic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> മാറ്റമില്ലാത്ത ദൈവികനിയമങ്ങളാണ് ഈ അറബി വാക്ക് കൊണ്ട് ഉദ്ദേശിക്കപ്പെടുന്നത്. ശരീഅത്തിന്റെ കാലികമായ വായനകളും പ്രയോഗരീതികളുമാണ് <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D" title="ഫിഖ്ഹ്">ഫിഖ്ഹ്</a> എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്<sup id="cite_ref-ODI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVikør2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalder2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. ആധുനികകാലത്ത് ശരീഅത്തിന്റെ പ്രയോഗവൽക്കരണം എങ്ങനെ എന്നതിനെ പറ്റി ഇസ്ലാമിക പണ്ഡിതർക്കിടയിൽ വ്യത്യസ്തങ്ങളായ അഭിപ്രായങ്ങൾ നിലനിൽക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmanat2009_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmanat2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oxforddic_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxforddic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB" title="ഖുർആൻ">ഖുർആൻ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹദീഥ്">ഹദീഥ്</a>, ഖിയാസ് , <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇജ്മാഅ്">ഇജ്മാഅ്</a> (സമവായം) എന്നിവയാണ് പൊതുവെ ശരീഅത്തിന്റെ ഉറവിടമായി കണക്കാക്കുന്നത്.<sup id="cite_ref-Esposito,_John_2001_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esposito,_John_2001-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹനഫി മദ്ഹബ്">ഹനഫി മദ്ഹബ്</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="മാലിക്കി മദ്ഹബ്">മാലികി മദ്ഹബ്</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%88_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="ശാഫിഈ മദ്ഹബ്">ശാഫിഈ മദ്ഹബ്</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹമ്പലി മദ്ഹബ്">ഹമ്പലി മദ്ഹബ്</a>, ജഅ്ഫരികൾ തുടങ്ങിയ കർമ്മശാസ്ത്ര സരണികൾ ശരീഅത്ത് നിയമങ്ങൾക്കനുസൃതമായി <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇജ്തിഹാദ്">ഇജ്തിഹാദ്</a><sup id="cite_ref-ODI_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> നടത്തിക്കൊണ്ട് നിയമനിർമ്മാണങ്ങൾ നടത്തിയവരാണ്<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVikør2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. ആചാരാനുഷ്ഠാനങ്ങൾ, ജീവിതവ്യവഹാരങ്ങൾ എന്നിവയെല്ലാം ശരീഅത്തിന്റെ വിശാലമായ മേഖലയിൽ വരുന്നു.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoulsonEl_Shamsy2019_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECoulsonEl_Shamsy2019-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallaq2010145_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallaq2010145-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. നിയമങ്ങൾ, ധാർമ്മികത എന്നിവ അടിസ്ഥാനമാക്കി മൊത്തം കാര്യങ്ങളെ അഞ്ച് വിഭാഗങ്ങളാക്കി പണ്ഡിതർ തിരിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVikør2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalder2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ഫർദുകൾ (നിർബന്ധമായ കാര്യങ്ങൾ), സുന്നത്തുകൾ (ഐച്ഛികകാര്യങ്ങൾ), മുബാഹ് (നിഷ്പക്ഷമായവ), കറാഹത്ത് (വെറുക്കപ്പെട്ടത്-എന്നാൽ നിഷിദ്ധമല്ല), ഹറാമുകൾ (നിഷിദ്ധം) എന്നിങ്ങനെ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ചരിത്രം"><span id=".E0.B4.9A.E0.B4.B0.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.A4.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B0.E0.B4.82"></span>ചരിത്രം</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit&section=1" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: ചരിത്രം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ഗവേഷണങ്ങളിലൂടെയും ഫത്വകളിലൂടെയും മതപണ്ഡിതർ സാമ്പ്രദായികമായ ശരീഅത്തിനെ വികസിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്തു. ഇസ്ലാമികരാഷ്ട്രങ്ങളിലെയും മറ്റും കോടതികൾ ഇതിനെ പ്രയോഗവൽക്കരിച്ചുവന്നു<sup id="cite_ref-ODI_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalder2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. മിക്കവാറും എല്ലാ മുസ്ലിം ഭരണക്രമങ്ങളിലും സിവിൽ-ക്രിമിനൽ നിയമങ്ങളിൽ ശരീഅത്തിന്റെ സ്വാധീനം പ്രകടമായിരുന്നു<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZiadeh2009c_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZiadeh2009c-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. അതേസമയം മുസ്ലിംകളല്ലാത്ത പ്രജകൾക്ക് അവരുടെ ആഭ്യന്തരകാര്യങ്ങളിൽ സ്വയംഭരണാധികാരം ഇല്ലായിരുന്നു. </p><p><br /> </p><p>മുഫ്തിമാർ രാഷ്ട്രസംവിധാനത്തിന്റെ ഒഴിച്ചുകൂടാനാവാത്ത ഭാഗമായി പരിണമിച്ചു<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDallalHendrickson2009_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDallalHendrickson2009-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. ശരീഅത്തും ഫിഖ്ഹും നിയമനിർമ്മാണത്തിന്റെ അടിത്തറായായി<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStewart2013500_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart2013500-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, എന്നാൽ സാഹചര്യങ്ങൾക്കനുസൃതമായി വ്യാഖ്യാനിക്കപ്പെട്ടു വന്നു. 1869 മുതൽ ഒട്ടോമൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം ശരീഅത്ത് നിയമങ്ങളെ ഏകോപിപ്പിക്കാനായി <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഒട്ടോമൻ സിവിൽ കോഡ്">സിവിൽ കോഡ്</a> രൂപീകരിച്ചത് ആ മേഖലയിലെ ആദ്യസംരംഭമായിരുന്നു.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMayer2009_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMayer2009-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="അവലംബം"><span id=".E0.B4.85.E0.B4.B5.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.82.E0.B4.AC.E0.B4.82"></span>അവലംബം</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit&section=2" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: അവലംബം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oxforddic-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxforddic_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxforddic_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4123591">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208120345/https://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sharia">"British & World English: sharia"</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sharia">the original</a> on 8 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+%26+World+English%3A+sharia&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Fsharia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFEditors" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Editors, History com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200503051151/https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam">"Islam"</a>. <i>HISTORY</i> (in ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam">the original</a> on 3 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HISTORY&rft.atitle=Islam&rft.aulast=Editors&rft.aufirst=History+com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Ftopics%2Freligion%2Fislam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Cite_web" title="ഫലകം:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="സഹായം:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ODI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ODI_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ODI_3-1">3.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ODI_3-2">3.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ODI_3-3">3.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_L._Esposito2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t125/e1107">"Islamic Law"</a>. <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190331154513/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t125/e1107">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamic+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Fprint%2Fopr%2Ft125%2Fe1107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVikør2014-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-1">4.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVikør2014_4-2">4.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVikør2014">Vikør 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECalder2009-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-1">5.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalder2009_5-2">5.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCalder2009">Calder 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmanat2009-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmanat2009_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmanat2009">Amanat 2009</a>: "Muslim fundamentalists [...] claim that Shari’a and its sources [...] constitute a divine law that regulates all aspects of Muslim life, as well as Muslim societies and Muslim states [...]. Muslim modernists, [...] on the other hand, criticize the old approaches to Shari’a by traditional Muslim jurists as obsolete and instead advocate innovative approaches to Shari’a that accommodate more pluralist and relativist views within a democratic framework."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esposito,_John_2001-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Esposito,_John_2001_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Esposito" class="mw-redirect" title="John Esposito">John L. Esposito</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natana_J._DeLong-Bas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natana J. DeLong-Bas (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Natana J. DeLong-Bas</a> (2001), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MOmaDq8HKCgC&pg=PA2#v=onepage&q&f=false">Women in Muslim family law</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019170646/https://books.google.com/books?id=MOmaDq8HKCgC&pg=PA2#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> 19 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i>, p. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syracuse_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syracuse University Press (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Syracuse University Press</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0815629085" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0815629085">978-0815629085</a>. Quote: "[...], by the ninth century, the classical theory of law fixed the sources of Islamic law at four: the <i>Quran</i>, the <i>Sunnah</i> of the Prophet, <i>qiyas</i> (analogical reasoning), and <i>ijma</i> (consensus)."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECoulsonEl_Shamsy2019-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoulsonEl_Shamsy2019_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCoulsonEl_Shamsy2019">Coulson & El Shamsy 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallaq2010145-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallaq2010145_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHallaq2010">Hallaq 2010</a>, പുറം. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZiadeh2009c-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZiadeh2009c_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZiadeh2009c">Ziadeh 2009c</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDallalHendrickson2009-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDallalHendrickson2009_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDallalHendrickson2009">Dallal & Hendrickson 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart2013500-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStewart2013500_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStewart2013">Stewart 2013</a>, പുറം. 500.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMayer2009-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMayer2009_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMayer2009">Mayer 2009</a>.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ"><span id=".E0.B4.B8.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B0.E0.B5.8B.E0.B4.A4.E0.B4.B8.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B8.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.95.E0.B5.BE"></span>സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&action=edit&section=3" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4127137">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 50em;"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFAbiad2008" class="citation book cs1">Abiad, Nisrine (2008). <i>Sharia, Muslim States and International Human Rights Treaty Obligations: A Comparative Study</i>. British Institute of International and Comparative Law.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sharia%2C+Muslim+States+and+International+Human+Rights+Treaty+Obligations%3A+A+Comparative+Study&rft.pub=British+Institute+of+International+and+Comparative+Law&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Abiad&rft.aufirst=Nisrine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFAli2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kecia_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kecia Ali (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Ali, Kecia</a> (2010). <i>Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam</i>. Harvard University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marriage+and+Slavery+in+Early+Islam&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Kecia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFAmanat2009" class="citation book cs1">Amanat, Abbas (2009). "Preface". In Abbas Amanat; Frank Griffel (eds.). <i>Shari'a: Islamic Law in the Contemporary Context</i>. Stanford University Press (Kindle Edition).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Preface&rft.btitle=Shari%27a%3A+Islamic+Law+in+the+Contemporary+Context&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press+%28Kindle+Edition%29&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Amanat&rft.aufirst=Abbas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFAn-Na'im1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullahi_Ahmed_An-Na%27im&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">An-Na'im, Abdullahi Ahmed</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140116094053/http://www.law.emory.edu/aannaim/pdfiles/dwnld15.pdf">"Islamic Foundations of Religious Human Rights"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In Witte, John Jr.; Van der Vyver, Johan David (eds.). <i>Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Religious Perspectives</i>. Vol. 1. The Hague / Boston / London: Martinus Nijhoff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9789041101761" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9789041101761"><bdi>9789041101761</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.law.emory.edu/aannaim/pdfiles/dwnld15.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamic+Foundations+of+Religious+Human+Rights&rft.btitle=Religious+Human+Rights+in+Global+Perspective%3A+Religious+Perspectives&rft.place=The+Hague+%2F+Boston+%2F+London&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9789041101761&rft.aulast=An-Na%27im&rft.aufirst=Abdullahi+Ahmed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.emory.edu%2Faannaim%2Fpdfiles%2Fdwnld15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFBerger2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Berger, Maurits S. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190417225013/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t342/e0003">"Fatwa"</a>. In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t342/e0003">the original</a> on 2019-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatwa&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Maurits+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft342%2Fe0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFBerkey2003" class="citation book cs1">Berkey, Jonathan Porter (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/formationofislam0000berk_i3a0"><i>The Formation of Islam: Religion and Society in the Near East, 600-1800</i></a>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Formation+of+Islam%3A+Religion+and+Society+in+the+Near+East%2C+600-1800&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Berkey&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+Porter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fformationofislam0000berk_i3a0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011133948/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0514">"Maṣlaḥah"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0514">the original</a> on 2017-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ma%E1%B9%A3la%E1%B8%A5ah&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+A.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0514&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2017" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yaqeeninstitute.org/jonathan-brown/stoning-and-hand-cutting-understanding-the-hudud-and-the-shariah-in-islam/">"Stoning and Hand Cutting—Understanding the Hudud and the Shariah in Islam"</a>. <i>Yaqeen Institute</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Mar 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yaqeen+Institute&rft.atitle=Stoning+and+Hand+Cutting%E2%80%94Understanding+the+Hudud+and+the+Shariah+in+Islam&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+A.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyaqeeninstitute.org%2Fjonathan-brown%2Fstoning-and-hand-cutting-understanding-the-hudud-and-the-shariah-in-islam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFCalderHooker2007" class="citation book cs1">Calder, Norman; Hooker, Michael Barry (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/sharia-COM_1040">"S̲h̲arīʿa"</a>. In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Brill. pp. 321–26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=S%CC%B2h%CC%B2ar%C4%AB%CA%BFa&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=321-26&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Calder&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.au=Hooker%2C+Michael+Barry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Fsharia-COM_1040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFCalder2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Calder, Norman (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">"Law. Legal Thought and Jurisprudence"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Law.+Legal+Thought+and+Jurisprudence&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Calder&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFChan2016" class="citation news cs1">Chan, Sewell (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-moves-to-curb-its-feared-religious-police.html">"Saudi Arabia Moves to Curb Its Feared Religious Police"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+Moves+to+Curb+Its+Feared+Religious+Police&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F04%2F16%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsaudi-arabia-moves-to-curb-its-feared-religious-police.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFCoulsonEl_Shamsy2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Coulson, Noel James; El Shamsy, Ahmed (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shariah">"Sharīʿah"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shar%C4%AB%CA%BFah&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Coulson&rft.aufirst=Noel+James&rft.au=El+Shamsy%2C+Ahmed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FShariah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFDallalHendrickson2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Dallal, Ahmad S.; Hendrickson, Jocelyn (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120012810/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">"Fatwā. Modern usage"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">the original</a> on 2015-11-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatw%C4%81.+Modern+usage&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Dallal&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+S.&rft.au=Hendrickson%2C+Jocelyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Fprint%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFDuderija2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Duderija, Adis (2014). Adis Duderija (ed.). <i>Contemporary Muslim Reformist Thought and Maqāṣid cum Maṣlaḥa Approaches to Islamic Law: An Introduction</i>. Vol. Maqasid al-Shari’a and Contemporary Reformist Muslim Thought: An Examination. Springer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Muslim+Reformist+Thought+and+Maq%C4%81%E1%B9%A3id+cum+Ma%E1%B9%A3la%E1%B8%A5a+Approaches+to+Islamic+Law%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Duderija&rft.aufirst=Adis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFEl_Achi2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">El Achi, Soha (2018). "Slavery". In Jonathan Brown (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Law</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Slavery&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Law&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=El+Achi&rft.aufirst=Soha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFEspositoDeLong-Bas2018" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John L.; DeLong-Bas, Natana J. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shariahwhatevery0000espo"><i>Shariah: What Everyone Needs to Know</i></a>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shariah%3A+What+Everyone+Needs+to+Know&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft.au=DeLong-Bas%2C+Natana+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshariahwhatevery0000espo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFGleave2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gleave, R.M. (2012). "Maḳāṣid al-Sharīʿa". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (2nd ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_SIM_8809">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_8809</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ma%E1%B8%B3%C4%81%E1%B9%A3id+al-Shar%C4%AB%CA%BFa&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_SIM_8809&rft.aulast=Gleave&rft.aufirst=R.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn2014" class="citation book cs1">Glenn, H. Patrick (2014). <i>Legal Traditions of the World – Sustainable Diversity in Law</i> (5th edition) ed.). Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legal+Traditions+of+the+World+%E2%80%93+Sustainable+Diversity+in+Law&rft.edition=5th+edition%29&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Glenn&rft.aufirst=H.+Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0199669837" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0199669837">978-0199669837</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHallaq2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wael_Hallaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Wael Hallaq">Hallaq, Wael B.</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontois0000hall"><i>An Introduction to Islamic Law</i></a>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Islamic+Law&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Hallaq&rft.aufirst=Wael+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontois0000hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHallaq2009b" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wael_Hallaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Wael Hallaq">Hallaq, Wael B.</a> (2009b). <i>Sharī'a: Theory, Practice, Transformations</i>. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shar%C4%AB%27a%3A+Theory%2C+Practice%2C+Transformations&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press+%28Kindle+edition%29&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Hallaq&rft.aufirst=Wael+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHallaq2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Wael_Hallaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Wael Hallaq">Hallaq, Wael B.</a> (2010). "Islamic Law: History and Transformation". In Robert Irwin (ed.). <i>The New Cambridge History of Islam</i>. Vol. Volume 4. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamic+Law%3A+History+and+Transformation&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Hallaq&rft.aufirst=Wael+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Cite_encyclopedia" title="ഫലകം:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code> has extra text (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:CS1_errors#extra_text_volume" title="സഹായം:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li>Harnischfeger, Johannes (2008). <i>Democratization and Islamic Law – The Sharia Conflict in Nigeria</i>. Frankfurt; New York City: Campus Verlag and Chicago: University of Chicago Press (distributor). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-3593382562" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-3593382562">978-3593382562</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHardy1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hardy, P. (1991). "Djizya. iii. India". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Djizya.+iii.+India&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Hardy&rft.aufirst=P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHendrickson2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hendrickson, Jocelyn (2013). "Fatwa". In Gerhard Böwering, Patricia Crone (ed.). <i>The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought</i>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatwa&rft.btitle=The+Princeton+Encyclopedia+of+Islamic+Political+Thought&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Hendrickson&rft.aufirst=Jocelyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHodgson1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marshall_Hodgson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marshall Hodgson (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Hodgson, Marshall G. S.</a> (1974). <i>The Venture of Islam, Volume 3: The Gunpowder Empires and Modern Times</i>. University of Chicago Press (Kindle edition).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Venture+of+Islam%2C+Volume+3%3A+The+Gunpowder+Empires+and+Modern+Times&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press+%28Kindle+edition%29&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Hodgson&rft.aufirst=Marshall+G.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="THItSotS2012" class="citation book cs1">Holland, Tom (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1f_BR2DulRIC&q=in+the+shadow+of+the+sword+holland"><i>In the Shadow of the Sword</i></a>. UK: Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0-385-53135-1" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0-385-53135-1"><bdi>978-0-385-53135-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+the+Sword&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-385-53135-1&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1f_BR2DulRIC%26q%3Din%2Bthe%2Bshadow%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bsword%2Bholland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHorrieChippindale1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chris_Horrie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chris Horrie (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Horrie, Chris</a>; Chippindale, Peter (1991). <i>What Is Islam? A Comprehensive Introduction</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virgin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virgin Books (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Virgin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0753508275" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0753508275"><bdi>978-0753508275</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Is+Islam%3F+A+Comprehensive+Introduction&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0753508275&rft.aulast=Horrie&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Chippindale%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFHussin2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hussin, Iza (2014). "Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence". In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001">10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780199739356" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780199739356"><bdi>9780199739356</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sunni+Schools+of+Jurisprudence&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199739356&rft.aulast=Hussin&rft.aufirst=Iza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFJokisch2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Jokisch, Benjamin (2015). "Origins of and Influences on Islamic law". In Anver M. Emon; Rumee Ahmed (eds.). <i>The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Law</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199679010.001.0001">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199679010.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780199679010" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780199679010"><bdi>9780199679010</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Origins+of+and+Influences+on+Islamic+law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Islamic+Law&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199679010.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199679010&rft.aulast=Jokisch&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFJones-Pauly2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Jones-Pauly, Cristina (2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195134056.001.0001/acref-9780195134056-e-161">"Codes and Codification. Islamic Law"</a></span>. In Stanley N. Katz (ed.). <i>The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195134056.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195134056.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780195134056" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780195134056"><bdi>9780195134056</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Codes+and+Codification.+Islamic+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+International+Encyclopedia+of+Legal+History&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195134056.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195134056&rft.aulast=Jones-Pauly&rft.aufirst=Cristina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195134056.001.0001%2Facref-9780195134056-e-161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFKhadduri1955" class="citation book cs1">Khadduri, Majid (1955). <i>War and Peace in the Law of Islam</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/647084498">647084498</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+and+Peace+in+the+Law+of+Islam&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins&rft.date=1955&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F647084498&rft.aulast=Khadduri&rft.aufirst=Majid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFKamali1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Hashim_Kamali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammad Hashim Kamali (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Kamali, Mohammad Hashim</a> (1999). John Esposito (ed.). <i>Law and Society</i>. Vol. The Oxford History of Islam. Oxford University Press (Kindle edition).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Law+and+Society&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press+%28Kindle+edition%29&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Kamali&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Hashim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFKhadduriLiebesny1955" class="citation book cs1">Khadduri, Majid; Liebesny, Herbert J., eds. (1955). <i>Law in the Middle East</i>. Middle East Institute. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/578890367">578890367</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Law+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Middle+East+Institute&rft.date=1955&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F578890367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFLapidus2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ira_M._Lapidus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ira M. Lapidus (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Lapidus, Ira M.</a> (2014). <i>A History of Islamic Societies</i>. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0521514309" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0521514309"><bdi>978-0521514309</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Islamic+Societies&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press+%28Kindle+edition%29&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0521514309&rft.aulast=Lapidus&rft.aufirst=Ira+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFLapidusSalaymeh2014" class="citation book cs1">Lapidus, Ira M.; Salaymeh, Lena (2014). <i>A History of Islamic Societies</i>. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0-521-51430-9" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0-521-51430-9"><bdi>978-0-521-51430-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Islamic+Societies&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press+%28Kindle+edition%29&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-521-51430-9&rft.aulast=Lapidus&rft.aufirst=Ira+M.&rft.au=Salaymeh%2C+Lena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1992" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/raceslaveryinmid0000lewi"><i>Race and Slavery in the Middle East: An Historical Enquiry</i></a>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Race+and+Slavery+in+the+Middle+East%3A+An+Historical+Enquiry&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fraceslaveryinmid0000lewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMack2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Mack, Gregory (2018). "Ḥisbah". In Jonathan Brown (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Law</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B8%A4isbah&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Law&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMasters2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Masters, Bruce (2009). "Dhimmi". In Gábor Ágoston; Bruce Masters (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire</i>. Infobase Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dhimmi&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Masters&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMasud2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Masud, Muhammad Khalid (2009). "Anglo-Muhammadan Law". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (3rd ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_22716">10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_22716</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anglo-Muhammadan+Law&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_22716&rft.aulast=Masud&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Khalid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMasudKéchichian2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Masud, Muhammad Khalid; Kéchichian, Joseph A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120012810/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">"Fatwā. Concepts of Fatwā"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">the original</a> on 2015-11-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatw%C4%81.+Concepts+of+Fatw%C4%81&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Masud&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Khalid&rft.au=K%C3%A9chichian%2C+Joseph+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Fprint%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMayer2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Mayer, Ann Elizabeth (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473#e0473-s5">"Law. Modern Legal Reform"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473#e0473-s5">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Law.+Modern+Legal+Reform&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Ann+Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0473%23e0473-s5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMessick2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Messick, Brinkley (2017). "Fatwā, modern". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (3rd ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_27049">10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27049</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatw%C4%81%2C+modern&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_27049&rft.aulast=Messick&rft.aufirst=Brinkley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMessickKéchichian2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Messick, Brinkley; Kéchichian, Joseph A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120012810/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">"Fatwā. Process and Function"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243">the original</a> on 2015-11-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatw%C4%81.+Process+and+Function&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Messick&rft.aufirst=Brinkley&rft.au=K%C3%A9chichian%2C+Joseph+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Fprint%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFMuslihBrowers2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Muslih, Muhammad; Browers, Michaelle (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170611235451/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0185">"Democracy"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0185">the original</a> on 2017-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Democracy&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Muslih&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft.au=Browers%2C+Michaelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Fprint%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFNettler2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Nettler, Ronald L. (2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0194">"Dhimmī"</a></span>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780195305135" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dhimm%C4%AB&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rft.aulast=Nettler&rft.aufirst=Ronald+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001%2Facref-9780195305135-e-0194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFOpwis2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Opwis, Felicitas (2007). Abbas Amanat; Frank Griffel (eds.). <i>Islamic Law and Legal Change: The Concept of Maslaha in Classical and Contemporary Legal Theory</i>. Vol. Shari'a: Islamic Law in the Contemporary Context (Kindle ed.). Stanford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Law+and+Legal+Change%3A+The+Concept+of+Maslaha+in+Classical+and+Contemporary+Legal+Theory&rft.edition=Kindle&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Opwis&rft.aufirst=Felicitas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFOtto2008" class="citation book cs1">Otto, Jan Michiel (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/20694/Sharia%20and%20national%20Law%20in%20Muslim%20countries.pdf"><i>Sharia and National Law in Muslim Countries: Tensions and Opportunities for Dutch and EU Foreign Policy</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Amsterdam University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-9087280482" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-9087280482"><bdi>978-9087280482</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sharia+and+National+Law+in+Muslim+Countries%3A+Tensions+and+Opportunities+for+Dutch+and+EU+Foreign+Policy&rft.pub=Amsterdam+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-9087280482&rft.aulast=Otto&rft.aufirst=Jan+Michiel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenaccess.leidenuniv.nl%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1887%2F20694%2FSharia%2520and%2520national%2520Law%2520in%2520Muslim%2520countries.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFOtto2010" class="citation book cs1">Otto, Jan Michiel, ed. (2010). <i>Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present</i>. Leiden University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-9400600171" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-9400600171"><bdi>978-9400600171</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sharia+Incorporated%3A+A+Comparative+Overview+of+the+Legal+Systems+of+Twelve+Muslim+Countries+in+Past+and+Present&rft.pub=Leiden+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-9400600171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFRabb2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rabb, Intisar A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">"Law. Courts"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Law.+Courts&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Rabb&rft.aufirst=Intisar+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFRabb2009b" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rabb, Intisar A. (2009b). "Fiqh". In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780195305135" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiqh&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rft.aulast=Rabb&rft.aufirst=Intisar+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFRabb2009c" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rabb, Intisar A. (2009c). "Ijtihād". In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780195305135" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ijtih%C4%81d&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rft.aulast=Rabb&rft.aufirst=Intisar+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFRabb2009d" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rabb, Intisar A. (2009d). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">"Law. Civil Law"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Law.+Civil+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Rabb&rft.aufirst=Intisar+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFSchachtLayish2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Schacht, Joseph; Layish, Aharon (2000). "Ṭalāḳ". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B9%ACal%C4%81%E1%B8%B3&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Schacht&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Layish%2C+Aharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Schneider, Irene (2014). "Fiqh". In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001">10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780199739356" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780199739356"><bdi>9780199739356</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiqh&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199739356&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Irene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Stewart, Devin J. (2013). "Shari'a". In Gerhard Böwering, Patricia Crone (ed.). <i>The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought</i>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shari%27a&rft.btitle=The+Princeton+Encyclopedia+of+Islamic+Political+Thought&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Devin+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFTellenbach2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tellenbach, Silvia (2015). "Islamic Criminal Law". In Markus D. Dubber; Tatjana Hornle (eds.). <i>The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Law</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamic+Criminal+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Criminal+Law&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Tellenbach&rft.aufirst=Silvia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/978-0199673599" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/978-0199673599">978-0199673599</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFThielmann2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Thielmann, Jörn (2017). "Ḥisba (modern times)". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (3rd ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_30485">10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_30485</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B8%A4isba+%28modern+times%29&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_30485&rft.aulast=Thielmann&rft.aufirst=J%C3%B6rn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFTillier2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tillier, Mathieu (2014). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001/acref-9780199739356-e-0138">"Courts"</a></span>. In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001">10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780199739356" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780199739356"><bdi>9780199739356</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Courts&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199739356&rft.aulast=Tillier&rft.aufirst=Mathieu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199739356.001.0001%2Facref-9780199739356-e-0138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFVikør2005" class="citation book cs1">Vikør, Knut S. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betweengodsultan0000vikr"><i>Between God and the Sultan: A History of Islamic Law</i></a>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Between+God+and+the+Sultan%3A+A+History+of+Islamic+Law&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Vik%C3%B8r&rft.aufirst=Knut+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbetweengodsultan0000vikr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFVikør2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Vikør, Knut S. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140604214623/http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226">"Sharīʿah"</a>. In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics</i>. Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226">the original</a> on June 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shar%C4%AB%CA%BFah&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Vik%C3%B8r&rft.aufirst=Knut+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbridgingcultures.neh.gov%2Fmuslimjourneys%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFZiadeh2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ziadeh, Farhat J. (2009). "Uṣūl al-fiqh". In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE/9780195305135" title="പ്രത്യേകം:പുസ്തകസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ/9780195305135"><bdi>9780195305135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=U%E1%B9%A3%C5%ABl+al-fiqh&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780195305135&rft.aulast=Ziadeh&rft.aufirst=Farhat+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFZiadeh2009b" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ziadeh, Farhat J. (2009b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">"Law. Sunnī Schools of Law"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Law.+Sunn%C4%AB+Schools+of+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Ziadeh&rft.aufirst=Farhat+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123591"><cite id="CITEREFZiadeh2009c" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ziadeh, Farhat J. (2009c). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081101103325/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0170">"Criminal Law"</a>. In John L. Esposito (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0170">the original</a> on 2008-11-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Criminal+Law&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+World&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Ziadeh&rft.aufirst=Farhat+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft236%2Fe0170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fml.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3859918">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4107403">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ഇസ്ലാമിസം" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3859918"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4123622">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Islamism" title="ഫലകം:Islamism"><abbr title="ഫലകം കാണുക">ക</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82:Islamism" title="ഫലകത്തിന്റെ സംവാദം:Islamism"><abbr title="ഫലകത്തിന്റെ സംവാദതാൾ">സ</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:EditPage/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Islamism" title="പ്രത്യേകം:EditPage/ഫലകം:Islamism"><abbr title="ഫലകം തിരുത്തുക">തി</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ഇസ്ലാമിസം" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ഇസ്ലാമിസം</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">വിശ്വാസപ്രമാണങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_fundamentalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic fundamentalism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Islamism" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Islamism">പാൻ ഇസ്ലാമികത</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="സലഫി">സലഫിസം</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="ഷിയാ ഇസ്ലാം">ശീഇസം</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ദേവ്ബന്ദി (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ദേവ്ബന്ദി</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamization_of_knowledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamization of knowledge (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamization of knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="അഹ്ലെ ഹദീഥ്">അഹ്ലെ ഹദീഥ്</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">രാഷ്ട്രീയ കക്ഷികൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="ജമാഅത്തെ ഇസ്ലാമി">ജമാഅത്തെ ഇസ്ലാമി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="മുസ്ലിം ബ്രദർഹുഡ്">മുസ്ലിം ബ്രദർഹുഡ് (ഈജിപ്ത്)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6" title="അന്നഹ്ദ">അന്നഹ്ദ (തുനീഷ്യ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Congress_(Sudan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Congress (Sudan) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">National Congress (Sudan)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pas-Malaysian_Islamic_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pas-Malaysian Islamic Party (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Pas-Malaysian Islamic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഫെലിസിറ്റി പാർട്ടി (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ഫെലിസിറ്റി പാർട്ടി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹമാസ്">ഹമാസ്</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ഹിസ്ബുല്ല">ഹിസ്ബുല്ല</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">തത്ത്വചിന്തകരും<br />രാഷ്ട്രീയ നേതാക്കളും</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haji_Shariatullah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haji Shariatullah (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Haji Shariatullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="ഇബ്നു തൈമിയ്യ">ഇബ്നു തൈമിയ്യ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="ജമാലുദ്ദീൻ അഫ്ഗാനി">ജമാലുദ്ദീൻ അഫ്ഗാനി</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Abduh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Abduh (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Muhammad Abduh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6" title="റശീദ് രിദ">റശീദ് രിദ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Iqbal" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Iqbal">മുഹമ്മദ് ഇഖ്ബാൽ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Ala_Maududi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abul Ala Maududi">അബുൽ അഅ്ലാ മൗദൂദി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqiuddin_al-Nabhani" class="mw-redirect" title="Taqiuddin al-Nabhani">തഖിയുദ്ദീൻ നബ്ഹാനി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF" title="സയിദ് നൂർസി">സയിദ് നൂർസി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8" title="ഹസനുൽ ബന്ന">ഹസനുൽ ബന്ന</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="സയ്യിദ് ഖുതുബ്">സയ്യിദ് ഖുതുബ്</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Nasiruddin_al-Albani" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani">മുഹമ്മദ് നാസിറുദ്ദീൻ അൽബാനി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="യൂസുഫ് അൽ ഖറദാവി">യൂസുഫ് അൽ ഖറദാവി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_al-Turabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassan al-Turabi">ഹസൻ തുറാബി</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safwat_al-Shwadify&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safwat al-Shwadify (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Safwat al-Shwadify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB" title="അഹമദ് യാസീൻ">അഹമദ് യാസീൻ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ഖാലിദ് മിശ്അൽ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ഖാലിദ് മിശ്അൽ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="അലി ശരീഅത്തി">അലി ശരീഅത്തി</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Navvab_Safavi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navvab Safavi (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Navvab Safavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%87" title="ആയത്തുല്ല അലി ഖാംനഇ">ആയത്തുല്ല അലി ഖാംനഇ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">ആയത്തുല്ല ഖുമൈനി</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qazi_Hussain_Ahmad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qazi Hussain Ahmad (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Qazi Hussain Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF" title="റാശിദ് ഗനൂശി">റാശിദ് ഗനൂശി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necmettin_Erbakan" class="mw-redirect" title="Necmettin Erbakan">നെജ്മത്തിൻ എർബകാൻ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ജിഹാദി പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Gama%27a_al-Islamiyya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egyptian_Islamic_Jihad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egyptian Islamic Jihad (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Egyptian Islamic Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palestinian_Islamic_Jihad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palestinian Islamic Jihad (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Palestinian Islamic Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Islamic_Front&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Islamic Front (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">National Islamic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇസ്ലാമിക് സാൽവേഷൻ ഫ്രണ്ട്">ഇസ്ലാമിക് സാൽവേഷൻ ഫ്രണ്ട്</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Iranian Revolutionary Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="താലിബാൻ">താലിബാൻ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Sayyaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Sayyaf (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Abu Sayyaf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD-%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="അൽ-ഖാഇദ (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">അൽ-ഖാഇദ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BC-%E0%B4%87-%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC" title="ലഷ്കർ-ഇ-ത്വയ്യിബ">ലഷ്കർ-ഇ-ത്വയ്യിബ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Courts_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Courts Union (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic Courts Union</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahdi_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahdi Army (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Mahdi Army</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatah_al-Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatah al-Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Fatah al-Islam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ജിഹാദി നേതാക്കൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sayyid_Ahmad_Barelvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayyid Ahmad Barelvi (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sayyid Ahmad Barelvi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Yusuf_Azzam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah Yusuf Azzam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Abdullah Yusuf Azzam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Anwar al-Awlaki">അൻവർ അൽ - അവ്ലാകി</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Omar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Omar">മുല്ല മുഹമ്മദ് ഒമർ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Nasrallah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassan Nasrallah">ഹസൻ നസ്റുല്ല</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" class="mw-redirect" title="Osama bin Laden">ഉസാമ ബിൻ ലാദൻ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ചരിത്ര സംഭവങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_revival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic revival (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="മക്ക ഉപരോധം">മക്ക ഉപരോധം</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="അറബ് വസന്തം">അറബ് വസന്തം</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ഇസ്ലാമിക വിശ്വാസങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_aspects_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political aspects of Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Political aspects of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modern_Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modern Islamic philosophy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Modern Islamic philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia">ശരീഅത്ത്</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihad">ജിഹാദ്</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate">ഖിലാഫത്</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guardianship_of_the_Islamic_Jurists&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic state (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic state</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic republic (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_democracy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic democracy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ഗ്രന്ഥങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Reconstruction_of_Religious_Thought_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><i>Reconstruction</i> (Iqbal)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma%27alim_fi_al-Tariq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ma'alim fi al-Tariq (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><i>Milestones</i> (Qutb)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hokumat-e_Islami_:_Velayat-e_faqih_(book_by_Khomeini)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hokumat-e Islami : Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)"><i>Islamic Government</i> (Khomeini)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3859918"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4107403"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ഇസ്ലാം_സംബന്ധിയായ_ലേഖനങ്ങൾ" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3859918"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123622"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Islam_topics" title="ഫലകം:Islam topics"><abbr title="ഫലകം കാണുക">ക</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82:Islam_topics" title="ഫലകത്തിന്റെ സംവാദം:Islam topics"><abbr title="ഫലകത്തിന്റെ സംവാദതാൾ">സ</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:EditPage/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Islam_topics" title="പ്രത്യേകം:EditPage/ഫലകം:Islam topics"><abbr title="ഫലകം തിരുത്തുക">തി</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ഇസ്ലാം_സംബന്ധിയായ_ലേഖനങ്ങൾ" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam">ഇസ്ലാം</a> സംബന്ധിയായ ലേഖനങ്ങൾ</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aqidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aqidah (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">വിശ്വാസങ്ങൾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="God in Islam">ദൈവസങ്കൽപ്പം</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="തൗഹീദ്">തൗഹീദ്</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" title="മുഹമ്മദ്">മുഹമ്മദ്</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="ഇസ്ലാമിലെ പ്രവാചകന്മാർ">ഇസ്ലാമിലെ പ്രവാചകന്മാർ</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/150px-%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/225px-%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/300px-%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Pillars of Islam">പഞ്ചസ്തംഭങ്ങൾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ശഹാദത്ത്">ശഹാദത്ത്</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="സലാ">സലാ</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" class="mw-redirect" title="വ്രതം">വ്രതം</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="സകാത്ത്">സകാത്ത്</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹജ്ജ്">ഹജ്ജ്</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim history (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ചരിത്രവും</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_religious_leaders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic religious leaders (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">നേതാക്കന്മാരും</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Muslim_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Muslim history (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Timeline of Muslim history</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahl al-Bayt">അഹ്ലുബൈത്ത്</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahaba">സ്വഹാബികൾ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imamah_(Shi%27a_doctrine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imamah (Shi'a doctrine) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Shi'a Imams</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caliph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caliph (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Caliphs</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashidun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashidun (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Rashidun Caliphs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasid Caliphate">അബ്ബാസി ഖിലാഫത്ത്</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimid Caliphate">ഫാത്തിമിയ ഖിലാഫത്ത്</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Empire">ഓട്ടൊമൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം</a></i> · <b><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate">ഖിലാഫത്തുകൾ</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashidun Caliphate">റാശിദീയ ഖിലാഫത്ത്</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasid Caliphate">അബ്ബാസി ഖിലാഫത്ത്</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caliphate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caliphate of Córdoba (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Caliphate of Córdoba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimid Caliphate">ഫാത്തിമിയ ഖിലാഫത്ത്</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Empire">ഓട്ടൊമൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം</a></i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_conquests&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim conquests (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Conquests</a> · <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Golden Age">ഇസ്ലാമിക സുവർണ്ണയുഗം</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Agricultural_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Agricultural Revolution (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Agricultural Revolution</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">മതഗ്രന്ഥങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB" title="ഖുർആൻ">ഖുർആൻ</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="സുന്നത്ത്">സുന്നത്ത്</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹദീഥ്">ഹദീഥ്</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_schools_and_branches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic schools and branches (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Islam">സുന്നി</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia Islam">ഷിയാ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sufism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufism">സൂഫി</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ibadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadi">Ibadi</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quranism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quranism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Quranism</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmadiyya">അഹമദിയ്യ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Salafi_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Salafi movement">Salafi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim world (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ജീവിതവും</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic culture (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">സംസ്കാരവും</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_animals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and animals (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Animals</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic art (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Art</a> · <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic calendar">ഇസ്ലാമിക കലണ്ടർ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_children&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and children (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Children</a> · <a href="/wiki/Muslim_holidays" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim holidays">ആഘോഷങ്ങൾ</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="മസ്ജിദ്">മസ്ജിദുകൾ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic philosophy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Philosophy</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_aspects_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political aspects of Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Political aspects</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Science</a> · <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Women in Islam">സ്ത്രീ ഇസ്ലാമിൽ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic studies (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic studies</a> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Muslim_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by Muslim population">ജനസംഖ്യ</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="ശരീഅത്ത്">ശരീഅത്തും</a> & <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="ഫിഖ്ഹ്">ഫിഖ്ഹും</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baligh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baligh (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Baligh</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_hygienical_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic hygienical jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Cleanliness</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_criminal_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic criminal jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Criminal</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhabihah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhabihah (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Dhabiĥa</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhimmi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhimmi (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Dhimmi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Divorce_(Islamic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Divorce (Islamic)">വിവാഹമോചനം</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_dietary_laws&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic dietary laws (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Diet</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_economic_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic economic jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Economics</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_banking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic banking (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Banking</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_economics_in_the_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic economics in the world (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Economic history</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sukuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sukuk (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sukuk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takaful&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takaful (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Takaful</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murabaha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murabaha (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Murabaha</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Riba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riba (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Riba</a></i> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_ethics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic ethics (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Ethics</a></b> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adab_(behavior)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adab (behavior) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Etiquette</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maisir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maisir (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Gambling</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sex_segregation_and_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sex segregation and Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Gender segregation</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghusl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghusl (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Ghusl</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_honorifics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic honorifics (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Honorifics</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hudud (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Hudud</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_hygienical_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic hygienical jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Hygiene</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miswak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miswak (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Miswak</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_toilet_etiquette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic toilet etiquette (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Toilet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wudu" class="mw-redirect" title="Wudu">വുദു</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Najis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najis (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Najis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tayammum" class="mw-redirect" title="Tayammum">തയമ്മും</a> </i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_inheritance_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic inheritance jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Inheritance</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="ജസിയ നികുതി">ജസിയ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_leadership&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic leadership (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Leadership</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_marital_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic marital jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Marital</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_marriage_contract&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic marriage contract (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Marriage contract</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D" title="നിക്കാഹ്">നിക്കാഹ്</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%85_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="മുത്അ വിവാഹം">മുത്അ വിവാഹം</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%BC" title="മഹർ">മഹർ</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahram (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Mahram</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_malakat_aymanukum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ma malakat aymanukum (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Ma malakat aymanukum</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_military_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic military jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Military</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prisoners_of_war_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prisoners of war in Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Prisoners of war</a></i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_views_on_slavery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic views on slavery (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Slavery</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_aspects_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political aspects of Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Political</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sexuality</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_masturbation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and masturbation (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Masturbation</a></i> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_theological_jurisprudence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic theological jurisprudence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Theological</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Kalam</a></i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zina_(Arabic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zina (Arabic) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Zina</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sources_of_sharia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sources of sharia (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sources</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic studies (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ഇസ്ലാമികപഠനം</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Agricultural_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Agricultural Revolution (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Agriculture</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic art (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Arts</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabesque_(Islamic_art)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabesque (Islamic art) (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Arabesque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic architecture">ഇസ്ലാമിക വാസ്തുവിദ്യ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF" title="അറബിക് കാലിഗ്രാഫി">അറബിക് കാലിഗ്രാഫി</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic music (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Music</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_pottery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic pottery (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Pottery</a></i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_creationism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic creationism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Creationism</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_feminism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic feminism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Feminism</a> · <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Golden Age">ഇസ്ലാമിക സുവർണ്ണയുഗം</a> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_literature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic literature (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Literature</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_poetry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic poetry (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Poetry</a></i> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic philosophy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Philosophy</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Early Islamic philosophy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Early philosophy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_Islamic_philosophy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Contemporary Islamic philosophy (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Contemporary philosophy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_eschatology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic eschatology (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Eschatology</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Theology</a></i> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sciences</a>:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchemy_and_chemistry_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Alchemy & Chemistry</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslim_views_on_astrology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslim views on astrology (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Astrology</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomy in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Astronomy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_economics_in_the_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic economics in the world (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Economics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and science (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islam and science</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematics_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematics in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Mathematics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medicine_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medicine in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Medicine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Physics_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Physics in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Physics</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psychology_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psychology in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Psychology</a></i> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shu%27ubiyya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shu'ubiyya (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Shu'ubiyya</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_sports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic sports (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sports</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversion_of_non-Muslim_places_of_worship_into_mosques&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Conversion of mosques</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historiography_of_early_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historiography of early Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Historiography</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inventions_in_medieval_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inventions in medieval Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Inventions</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_other_religions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and other religions (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">മറ്റു മതങ്ങൾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christianity_and_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christianity and Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Christianity</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindu_%E2%80%93_Islamic_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindu – Islamic relations (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Hinduism</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_%E2%80%93_Jain_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic – Jain relations (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Jainism</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_%E2%80%93_Jewish_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic – Jewish relations (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Judaism</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_%E2%80%93_Sikh_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic – Sikh relations (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Sikhism</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ബന്ധമുള്ള വിഷയങ്ങൾ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostasy_in_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostasy in Islam (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Apostasy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of Islam">ഇസ്ലാമും വിമർശനങ്ങളും</a> · <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of Muhammad">മുഹമ്മദിനെതിരായ വിമർശനങ്ങൾ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of the Quran">Criticism of the Quran</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_Muslim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultural Muslim (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Cultural Muslim</a> · <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamophobia">ഇസ്ലാമോഫോബിയ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic terrorism">ഇസ്ലാമിക ഭീകരത</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_view_of_miracles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic view of miracles (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islamic view of miracles</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_antisemitism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and antisemitism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Islam and antisemitism</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_domestic_violence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam and domestic violence (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Domestic violence</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persecution_of_Muslims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persecution of Muslims (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Persecution of Muslims</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quran_and_miracles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quran and miracles (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Quran and miracles</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qutbism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qutbism (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Qutbism</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7fc47fc68d‐gs6dt Cached time: 20241128153602 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.795 seconds Real time usage: 0.974 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4471/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 185938/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4409/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 144451/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.523/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6459102/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 814.729 1 -total 24.12% 196.544 37 ഫലകം:Cite_encyclopedia 13.76% 112.134 24 ഫലകം:Cite_book 11.82% 96.294 2 ഫലകം:Navbox 11.65% 94.913 1 ഫലകം:Islamism 11.13% 90.715 13 ഫലകം:Sfn 10.85% 88.373 3 ഫലകം:Cite_web 6.88% 56.068 1 ഫലകം:Div_col_end 6.79% 55.336 4 ഫലകം:ISBN 6.38% 52.007 1 ഫലകം:Lang-ar --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key mlwiki:pcache:10943:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241128153602 and revision id 4015923. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ശരീഅത്ത്&oldid=4015923">https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ശരീഅത്ത്&oldid=4015923</a>" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രത്യേകം:വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ">വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" class="mw-redirect" title="വർഗ്ഗം:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:CS1_errors:_generic_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="വർഗ്ഗം:CS1 errors: generic name (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:CS1_errors:_extra_text:_volume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="വർഗ്ഗം:CS1 errors: extra text: volume (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">CS1 errors: extra text: volume</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="വർഗ്ഗം:ഇസ്ലാമികം">ഇസ്ലാമികം</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വർഗ്ഗം:നിയമങ്ങൾ">നിയമങ്ങൾ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="വർഗ്ഗം:ശരീഅത്ത്">ശരീഅത്ത്</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">മറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്ന വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:CS1_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D-language_sources_(en)" title="വർഗ്ഗം:CS1 ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്-language sources (en)">CS1 ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്-language sources (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="വർഗ്ഗം:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="വർഗ്ഗം:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="വർഗ്ഗം:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ഈ താൾ അവസാനം തിരുത്തപ്പെട്ടത്: 03:18, 17 ജനുവരി 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">വിവരങ്ങൾ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">ക്രിയേറ്റീവ് കോമൺസ് ആട്രിബ്യൂഷൻ-ഷെയർഎലൈക്ക് അനുമതിപത്ര</a> പ്രകാരം ലഭ്യമാണ്; മേൽ നിബന്ധനകൾ ഉണ്ടായേക്കാം. കൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾക്ക് <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ml">ഉപയോഗനിബന്ധനകൾ</a> കാണുക.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">സ്വകാര്യതാനയം</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82">വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തെക്കുറിച്ച്</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82">നിരാകരണങ്ങൾ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">പെരുമാറ്റച്ചട്ടം</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ഡെവലപ്പർമാർ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ml.wikipedia.org">സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്കുകൾ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">കുക്കി പ്രസ്താവന</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ml.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">മൊബൈൽ ദൃശ്യരൂപം</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-hc6gm","wgBackendResponseTime":168,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.795","walltime":"0.974","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4471,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":185938,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4409,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":144451,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 814.729 1 -total"," 24.12% 196.544 37 ഫലകം:Cite_encyclopedia"," 13.76% 112.134 24 ഫലകം:Cite_book"," 11.82% 96.294 2 ഫലകം:Navbox"," 11.65% 94.913 1 ഫലകം:Islamism"," 11.13% 90.715 13 ഫലകം:Sfn"," 10.85% 88.373 3 ഫലകം:Cite_web"," 6.88% 56.068 1 ഫലകം:Div_col_end"," 6.79% 55.336 4 ഫലകം:ISBN"," 6.38% 52.007 1 ഫലകം:Lang-ar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.523","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6459102,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAbiad2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAli2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAmanat2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAn-Na\u0026#039;im1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBerger2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBerkey2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalder2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalderHooker2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChan2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoulsonEl_Shamsy2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDallalHendrickson2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDuderija2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEditors\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEl_Achi2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEspositoDeLong-Bas2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGleave2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlenn2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallaq2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallaq2009b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallaq2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHardy1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHendrickson2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHodgson1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorrieChippindale1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHussin2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_L._Esposito2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJokisch2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones-Pauly2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKamali1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhadduri1955\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhadduriLiebesny1955\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLapidus2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLapidusSalaymeh2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMack2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMasters2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMasud2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMasudKéchichian2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMayer2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMessick2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMessickKéchichian2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMuslihBrowers2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNettler2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOpwis2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOtto2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOtto2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabb2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabb2009b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabb2009c\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabb2009d\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchachtLayish2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchneider2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTellenbach2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThielmann2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTillier2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVikør2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVikør2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZiadeh2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZiadeh2009b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZiadeh2009c\"] = 1,\n [\"THItSotS2012\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Cite book\"] = 24,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 37,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 3,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 4,\n [\"Islam topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Islamism\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-ar\"] = 1,\n [\"Large\"] = 1,\n [\"Prettyurl\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 13,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n [\"ഇസ്ലാംമതം\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-gs6dt","timestamp":"20241128153602","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0d36\u0d30\u0d40\u0d05\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d24\u0d4d\u200c","url":"https:\/\/ml.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q482752","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q482752","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0d35\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15\u0d3f\u0d2e\u0d40\u0d21\u0d3f\u0d2f \u0d2a\u0d26\u0d4d\u0d27\u0d24\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d33\u0d3f\u0d7d \u0d38\u0d02\u0d2d\u0d3e\u0d35\u0d28 \u0d1a\u0d46\u0d2f\u0d4d\u0d2f\u0d41\u0d28\u0d4d\u0d28\u0d35\u0d7c"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-03-25T17:36:33Z","dateModified":"2024-01-17T03:18:10Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/96\/Allah_in_Dodger_Blue.svg","headline":"\u0d07\u0d38\u0d4d\u0d32\u0d3e\u0d2e\u0d3f\u0d15 \u0d28\u0d3f\u0d2f\u0d2e\u0d02"}</script> </body> </html>