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Improving platypus passage: weirs and fishways - Australian Platypus Conservancy
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href="https://platypus.asn.au/urban-stream-syndrome-and-the-platypus/">Urban development</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12240" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12240"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/pumps-pipes-culverts-and-the-platypus/">Culverts & pipes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12241" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12241"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/litter-and-the-platypus/">Litter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12234" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12234"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/angling-and-the-platypus/">Angling</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12231" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12231"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-deaths-in-nets-and-traps/">Dangerous nets & traps</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12238" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12238"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-predators-and-disease/">Predators & disease</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12232" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12232"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/wildfire-and-the-platypus/">Wildfire</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-6285" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-6285"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/management-guidelines-2/">Platypus Management Guidelines</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6286" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6286"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/maintaining-a-suitable-flow-regime-in-managed-river-systems/">Streamflow</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6291" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6291"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/water-quality-and-sediment-contaminants/">Water quality</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6288" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6288"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/protecting-and-improving-bank-habitats/">Bank habitats</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6289" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6289"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/instream-woody-habitat-logs-and-branches/">Instream wood</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6290" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6290"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/managing-stormwater-drainage/">Stormwater drainage</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6287" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6287"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-drought-refuges/">Drought refuges</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6295" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6295"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/culverts-pipes-and-grilles/">Culverts & pipes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6297" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-6162 current_page_item menu-item-6297"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/" aria-current="page">Weirs & fishways</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6296" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6296"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/walking-tracks-viewing-platforms-bridges-and-street-lighting/">Paths & lights</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6293" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6293"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/use-of-heavy-machinery-in-and-near-waterways/">Use of heavy equipment</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6298" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6298"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/pumps-and-small-scale-hydropower-generators/">Pumps & 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menu-item-11654"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-vision-and-hearing/">Vision and hearing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11655" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11655"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-body-temperature/">Body temperature</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11656" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11656"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-venom-and-spurs/">Venom and spurs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11657" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11657"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-genetics-and-dispersal/">Genetics and dispersal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11658" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11658"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-sleep-and-dreaming/">Sleep and dreaming</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1999" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1999"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/ecology-behaviour/">Platypus Ecology & Behaviour</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-11666" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11666"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-foraging-behaviour/">Foraging behaviour</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11667" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11667"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-diet-and-food-consumption/">Diet and food consumption</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11668" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11668"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-home-range-movements-and-dispersal/">Home range and movements</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11669" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11669"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-burrows/">Burrows</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11670" class="menu-item 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menu-item-12575"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/platypus-myths/">Some platypus myths</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-11819" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-11819"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/rakali-master/">Rakali</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-11774" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11774"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/rakali-size-and-general-features/">Size and general features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11793" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11793"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/rakali-distribution-and-habitats/">Distribution and habitats</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11770" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11770"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/rakali-names-and-origin/">Names and origin</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11785" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type 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transfer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11141" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11141"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/donate-by-visa-mastercard/">Donate by Visa/Mastercard</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14252" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14252"><a href="https://platypus.asn.au/make-a-bequest/">Make a Bequest</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </nav><!-- #site-navigation --> </div><!-- .sticky --> </header><!-- .row #masthead --> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <article id="post-6162" class="post-6162 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title">Improving platypus passage: weirs and fishways</h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="featured-image"> </div><!-- .featured-image --> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">It is known from live-trapping studies that a platypus can travel both upstream and downstream past sizable waterfalls as exemplified by Mackenzie Falls in Grampians National Park, which is more than 30 metres high (shown below at left) (Griffiths and Weeks 2010). This indicates that natural waterfalls are unlikely to prevent a platypus from bypassing them if the animal can exit the water and climb up or down at least one adjoining slope. It should therefore not be particularly surprising that 45% of adult males and 23% of adult/subadult females captured within 3 kilometres of the Belgrave Lake weir wall in Melbourne’s outer eastern suburbs – a steep concrete structure measuring just under 6 metres high (shown below at right) – were confirmed to have travelled past the structure on at least one occasion, again presumably by climbing up or down the adjoining vegetated slopes (Serena et al. 2023). Similarly, animals have been repeatedly recorded leaving the water and moving across land to bypass the 10-metre-high Blue Lake Dam wall in Jenolan Karst Conservation Reserve (Musser et al. 2024).</p> <figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/platypus.asn.au\/weir-walls-and-fishways\/"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="748" height="561" data-attachment-id="12354" data-permalink="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/mackenzie-falls-052/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?fit=4896%2C3672&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4896,3672" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"4","credit":"","camera":"DSC-HX90V","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1640178986","copyright":"","focal_length":"5.26","iso":"80","shutter_speed":"0.0025","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="Mackenzie-Falls-052" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?fit=300%2C225&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?fit=748%2C561&ssl=1" data-id="12354" class="wp-image-12354" src="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=748%2C561&ssl=1" alt="Despite being more than 30 metres high, MacKenzie Falls is not an intractable barrier to platypus movement." srcset="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mackenzie-Falls-052.jpg?w=2244&ssl=1 2244w" sizes="(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px" /></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="327" height="328" data-attachment-id="12352" data-permalink="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/screenshot-belgrave-lke/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?fit=327%2C328&ssl=1" data-orig-size="327,328" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="screenshot-Belgrave-Lke" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?fit=300%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?fit=327%2C328&ssl=1" data-id="12352" class="wp-image-12352" src="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?resize=327%2C328&ssl=1" alt="Platypus routinely travel around this 6-metre-high concrete weir wall in Melbourne's eastern suburbs. " srcset="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?w=327&ssl=1 327w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/screenshot-Belgrave-Lke.png?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w" sizes="(max-width: 327px) 100vw, 327px" /></figure> </figure> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Although platypus are quite good at scrambling up steep banks, they find it difficult or impossible to climb vertical or near-vertical concrete or metal surfaces, particularly if large volumes of water are cascading down. Weir walls and associated structures can therefore be intractable barriers to a platypus seeking to move upstream and/or downstream, particularly if the animal finds it difficult or impossible to leave the channel due to other adjoining vertical walls being present (as illustrated in the two photos below).</p> <figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/platypus.asn.au\/weir-walls-and-fishways\/"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="748" height="499" data-attachment-id="6171" data-permalink="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/attachment/005/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?fit=4608%2C3072&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4608,3072" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"5","credit":"","camera":"NIKON D3100","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1399292934","copyright":"","focal_length":"32","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="005" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?fit=300%2C200&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?fit=748%2C499&ssl=1" data-id="6171" class="wp-image-6171" src="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=748%2C499&ssl=1" alt="The vertical walls adjoining this concrete weir will make it very difficult for a platypus to bypass the weir, particularly when travelling upstream. " srcset="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=300%2C200&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=768%2C512&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/005.jpg?w=2244&ssl=1 2244w" sizes="(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px" /></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="748" height="561" data-attachment-id="12359" data-permalink="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/attachment/031/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?fit=4896%2C3672&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4896,3672" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"4.5","credit":"","camera":"DSC-HX90V","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1663581503","copyright":"","focal_length":"11.32","iso":"80","shutter_speed":"0.005","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="031" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?fit=300%2C225&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?fit=748%2C561&ssl=1" data-id="12359" class="wp-image-12359" src="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=748%2C561&ssl=1" alt="The design of the upstream end of the Lake Eppalock spillway will make it very difficult for a platypus to move farther downstream unless water is actually spilling over the top." srcset="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/031.jpg?w=2244&ssl=1 2244w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px" /></figure> </figure> <p> </p> <div class="wp-block-image is-resized"> <figure class="alignright size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="423" height="269" data-attachment-id="6181" data-permalink="https://platypus.asn.au/weir-walls-and-fishways/weir-fishladder-gunbck/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?fit=423%2C269&ssl=1" data-orig-size="423,269" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.8","credit":"","camera":"Canon PowerShot S45","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1282235364","copyright":"","focal_length":"7.09375","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0.001","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="weir-fishladder-GunbCk" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?fit=300%2C191&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?fit=423%2C269&ssl=1" class="wp-image-6181" style="width: 408px; height: auto;" src="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?resize=423%2C269&ssl=1" alt="A fishway that should be readily used by a platypus." srcset="https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?w=423&ssl=1 423w, https://i0.wp.com/platypus.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/weir-fishladder-GunbCk.jpg?resize=300%2C191&ssl=1 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 423px) 100vw, 423px" /></figure></div> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Most structures designed to enable medium-to-large fish to travel past weir walls (including rock-ramp, Denil, natural bypass, cone, trapezoidal and vertical-slot fishways) should also be able to be navigated by a platypus. In particular, this species should easily cope with a water velocity of 0.3 metre/second (the recommended maximum to enable fish measuring more than 200 mm in length to navigate through fishways: O’Connor et al. 2017).</p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Providing an attracting flow at a fishway entrance should help direct a platypus to use the structure, particularly when the structure is encountered for the first time. To accommodate a large platypus comfortably and reduce the risk that hard or sharp edges cause injuries, we recommend that the minimum aperture width in vertical-slot fishways (or in trash racks associated with fishways) should be 150 mm. A minimum water depth of 200-300 mm should ideally be maintained along the length of a fishway at all times (particularly if the structure is unscreened from above) so a platypus using the fishway remains fairly well hidden from the view of predators, including birds of prey.</p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">The only types of fishway that may not be well suited to platypus use are mechanical fish locks and lifts. Based on our knowledge of platypus behaviour, a platypus is likely to investigate the interior of a lock/lift box only briefly (probably for less than a minute) before it leaves. This presumably will mitigate against the animal being inside the box when the door shuts and the lift or lock mechanism starts to operate. Having said that, behavioural studies have never been carried out to describe how platypus interact with mechanical fishways – more information is needed. </p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color">If a weir cannot for practical reasons be retrofitted with a fishway or modified structurally to facilitate platypus movement along a spillway, consider whether it might at least be possible to provide animals with substantial protective cover (for example, in the form of dense shrubby vegetation) along the most plausible route that will be used to move past the barrier across land (Serena et al. 2023). </p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color"><em>Photos: APC</em></p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color"><strong>LITERATURE CITED</strong></p> <p><em>Griffiths J and Weeks A (2010) Distribution and status of platypuses in the MacKenzie River, autumn 2010. Report to Wimmera CMA by Cesar Consultants, Parkville VIC.</em></p> <p><em>Musser A, Grant T and Turak E (2024) Movement of platypuses around and through instream structures and natural barriers in the Jenolan Karst Conservation Reserve, New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 46, in press, doi: 10.1071/AM23031. </em></p> <p class="has-black-color has-text-color"><em>O’Connor J, Stuart I and Jones M (2017) Guidelines for the design, approval and construction of fishways. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Reports Series No. 274. </em></p> <p><em>Serena M, Crowther K and Kitchingman AM (2023) Managing the impacts of large weirs as barriers to platypus dispersal: current knowledge and recommended actions. Arthur Rylah Institute of Environmental Research Technical Report Series No. 361. 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<option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2013/02/'> February 2013 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2012/10/'> October 2012 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2012/06/'> June 2012 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2012/02/'> February 2012 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2011/10/'> October 2011 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2011/06/'> June 2011 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2011/03/'> March 2011 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2010/10/'> October 2010 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2010/06/'> June 2010 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2010/03/'> March 2010 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2009/10/'> October 2009 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2009/05/'> May 2009 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2009/02/'> February 2009 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2008/09/'> September 2008 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2008/03/'> March 2008 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2007/10/'> October 2007 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2007/05/'> May 2007 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2007/01/'> January 2007 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2006/08/'> August 2006 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2006/02/'> February 2006 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2005/10/'> October 2005 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2005/06/'> June 2005 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2005/02/'> February 2005 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2004/10/'> October 2004 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2004/05/'> May 2004 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2004/02/'> February 2004 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2003/09/'> September 2003 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2003/03/'> March 2003 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2002/10/'> October 2002 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2002/07/'> July 2002 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2001/11/'> November 2001 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2001/09/'> September 2001 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2001/06/'> June 2001 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2000/12/'> December 2000 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2000/07/'> July 2000 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/2000/04/'> April 2000 </option> <option value='https://platypus.asn.au/1999/12/'> December 1999 </option> </select> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { var dropdown = document.getElementById( "archives-dropdown-3" ); function onSelectChange() { if ( dropdown.options[ dropdown.selectedIndex ].value !== '' ) { document.location.href = this.options[ this.selectedIndex ].value; } } dropdown.onchange = 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