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<span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Boundaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boundaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Boundaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boundaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a 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</a> <ul id="toc-Cultural-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Civic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banking_and_Commercial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banking_and_Commercial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Banking and Commercial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banking_and_Commercial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sydney central business district</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A)" title="منطقة الأعمال المركزية (سيدني) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منطقة الأعمال المركزية (سيدني)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districto_d%27afers_central_de_Sydney" title="Districto d'afers central de Sydney – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Districto d'afers central de Sydney" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_obchodn%C3%AD_oblast_v_Sydney" title="Centrální obchodní oblast v Sydney – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Centrální obchodní oblast v Sydney" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centro_de_S%C3%ADdney" title="Centro de Sídney – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Centro de Sídney" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="منطقه مرکز تجاری سیدنی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطقه مرکز تجاری سیدنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_d%27affaires_de_Sydney" title="Centre d'affaires de Sydney – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Centre d'affaires de Sydney" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%93%9C%EB%8B%88_%EC%A4%91%EC%8B%AC_%EC%97%85%EB%AC%B4_%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC" title="시드니 중심 업무 지구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시드니 중심 업무 지구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Central_Business_District" title="Sydney Central Business District – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sydney Central Business District" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distretto_affaristico_centrale_di_Sydney" title="Distretto affaristico centrale di Sydney – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Distretto affaristico centrale di Sydney" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99" title="מרכז העסקים הראשי של סידני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרכז העסקים הראשי של סידני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daerah_pusat_perniagaan_Sydney" title="Daerah pusat perniagaan Sydney – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Daerah pusat perniagaan Sydney" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Central_Business_District" title="Sydney Central Business District – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sydney Central Business District" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E6%A5%AD%E5%8B%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="シドニー中心業務地区 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シドニー中心業務地区" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_sentrum" title="Sydney sentrum – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sydney sentrum" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Business_District_(Sydney)" title="Central Business District (Sydney) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Central Business District (Sydney)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9)" title="Центральный деловой район (Сидней) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Центральный деловой район (Сидней)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_central_business_district" title="Sydney central business district – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydney central business district" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%B3_%DA%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%B9" title="سڈنی سینٹرل بزنس ڈسٹرکٹ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سڈنی سینٹرل بزنس ڈسٹرکٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%ADn_th%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_m%E1%BA%A1i_trung_t%C3%A2m_Sydney" title="Quận thương mại trung tâm Sydney – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quận thương mại trung tâm Sydney" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%82%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E5%8D%80" title="悉尼中心商業區 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="悉尼中心商業區" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sydney_central_business_district&params=33_52_8_S_151_12_30_E_type:city_region:AU-NSW"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°52′8″S</span> <span class="longitude">151°12′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.86889°S 151.20833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.86889; 151.20833</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_CBD&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney CBD">Sydney CBD</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about Sydney's Central Business District. For Sydney <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">Local Government Area</a>, see <a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid 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class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">weasel words</a>: vague phrasing that often accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">biased</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverifiable</a> information</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Such statements should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">clarified or removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div 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href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22">"Sydney central business district"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sydney+central+business+district%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3em; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><span class="fn org locality">Sydney CBD</span><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:88%" class="region"><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg/270px-Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg/405px-Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg/540px-Sydney_CBD_on_a_sunny_day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="617" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sydney city centre</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sydney CBD is located in Sydney"><img alt="Sydney CBD is located in Sydney" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png/270px-Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png/405px-Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png/540px-Location_map_Australia_Sydney.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="587" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.912%;left:72.067%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sydney CBD"><img alt="Sydney CBD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Sydney CBD</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sydney_central_business_district&params=33_52_8_S_151_12_30_E_type:city_region:AU-NSW"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°52′8″S</span> <span class="longitude">151°12′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.86889°S 151.20833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.86889; 151.20833</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">16,667 (<abbr title="suburb and locality">SAL</abbr> <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_Australia" title="Postcodes in Australia">Postcode(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">58 m (190 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">2.8 km<sup>2</sup> (1.1 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_New_South_Wales" title="Local government areas of New South Wales">LGA(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><a href="/wiki/Electorates_of_the_Australian_states_and_territories" title="Electorates of the Australian states and territories">State electorate(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sydney" title="Electoral district of Sydney">Sydney</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9e2d2;"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives">Federal division(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Sydney" title="Division of Sydney">Sydney</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="3" style="width:100%; border: 1px #ddd solid;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#f0f0ff;padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="List of Sydney suburbs">Suburbs</a> around Sydney CBD:</b></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Barangaroo,_New_South_Wales" title="Barangaroo, New South Wales">Barangaroo</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;"><a href="/wiki/Millers_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Millers Point">Millers Point</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Rocks,_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rocks, New South Wales">The Rocks</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><i><a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Port Jackson</a></i></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Pyrmont,_New_South_Wales" title="Pyrmont, New South Wales">Pyrmont</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;font-weight:bold;">Sydney CBD</td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Woolloomooloo" title="Woolloomooloo">Woolloomooloo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Darlinghurst" title="Darlinghurst">Darlinghurst</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Ultimo,_New_South_Wales" title="Ultimo, New South Wales">Ultimo</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;"><a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_New_South_Wales" title="Haymarket, New South Wales">Haymarket</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ultimo,_New_South_Wales" title="Ultimo, New South Wales">Ultimo</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Surry_Hills" title="Surry Hills">Surry Hills</a></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Sydney central business district</b> (<b>CBD</b>) is the historical and main <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">commercial centre</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>. The CBD is Sydney's <b>city centre</b>, or <b>Sydney City</b>, and the two terms are used interchangeably. Colloquially, the CBD or city centre is often referred to simply as "<b>Town</b>" or "<b>the City</b>". </p><p>The Sydney CBD is Australia's main financial and economic centre,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as a leading hub of economic activity for the Asia Pacific region.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 40.7% of businesses in the CBD fall within the ‘Finance and Financial Services’ or ‘Professional and Business services’ category.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is ranked overall #16<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the 2024 Oxford's <a href="/wiki/Global_Cities_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Cities Index">Global Cities Index</a> and amongst the top 10 cities in the Human Capital category.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 15% of Sydney's total workforce is employed within the CBD.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the number of workers operating in the city was 226,972.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on industry mix and relative occupational wage levels it is estimated that economic activity (GDP) generated in the city in 2015/16 was approximately $118 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sydney" title="Culture of Sydney">Culturally</a>, the city centre is Sydney's focal point for <a href="/wiki/Nightlife" title="Nightlife">nightlife</a> and entertainment, and is also home to some of the city's most culturally significant <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Sydney" title="List of tallest buildings in Sydney">buildings and structures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Sydney" title="History of Sydney">History of Sydney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_riot_of_1916" title="Liverpool riot of 1916">Liverpool riot of 1916</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg/290px-Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg/435px-Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg/580px-Thomas_Watling_View_of_Sydney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="627" /></a><figcaption>The Sydney colony (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1799</span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Sydney's history begins in <a href="/wiki/Prehistoric" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric">prehistoric</a> times with the occupation of the district by <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginals" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Aboriginals">Australian Aboriginals</a>, whose ancestors came to Sydney in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Paleolithic" title="Upper Paleolithic">Upper Paleolithic</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-Attenbrow-2010_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Attenbrow-2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">Radiocarbon dating</a> suggests that they lived in and around Sydney for at least 30,000 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Settlers'_history_rewritten_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Settlers'_history_rewritten-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sydney Cove from <a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Port Jackson</a> to <a href="/wiki/Petersham,_New_South_Wales" title="Petersham, New South Wales">Petersham</a> was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Cadigal" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadigal">Cadigal</a> clan. The principal language groups were <a href="/wiki/Darug" class="mw-redirect" title="Darug">Darug</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuringgai" title="Kuringgai">Guringai</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tharawal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tharawal">Dharawal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook's_landing_site_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook's_landing_site-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern history of the city began with the arrival of a <a href="/wiki/First_Fleet" title="First Fleet">First Fleet</a> of British ships in 1788 and the foundation of a penal colony by Great Britain. The area surrounding <a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Port Jackson</a> (Sydney Harbour) was home to several <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Aboriginal</a> tribes. The "<a href="/wiki/Eora" title="Eora">Eora</a> people" are the coastal Aboriginal people of the Sydney district. The name <i>Eora</i> simply means "here" or "from this place", and was used by Local Aboriginal people to describe to the British where they came from.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_(and_other_tram_photographs),_1933-1942_(15806644966)_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg/220px-K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg/330px-K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg/440px-K._Davis_-_Tramwoman_at_work_%28and_other_tram_photographs%29%2C_1933-1942_%2815806644966%29_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5469" data-file-height="4211" /></a><figcaption>A tram passes through a crowd of people during lunch hour, Pitt Street, 1937.</figcaption></figure> <p>After arriving to <a href="/wiki/Botany_Bay" title="Botany Bay">Botany Bay</a>, Captain <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Phillip" title="Arthur Phillip">Arthur Phillip</a> decided that the area was not suitable since it had poor soil, no secure anchorage and no reliable water source.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the fleet moved to the more suitable <a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Port Jackson</a> where a settlement was established at <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Cove" title="Sydney Cove">Sydney Cove</a> on 26 January 1788.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This date later became Australia's national day, <a href="/wiki/Australia_Day" title="Australia Day">Australia Day</a>. The colony was formally proclaimed by Governor Phillip on 7 February 1788 at Sydney. Sydney Cove offered a fresh water supply and Port Jackson a safe harbour, which Phillip described as: "being without exception the finest Harbour in the World".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the expansion of European settlement large amounts of land was cleared for farming, which resulted in the destruction of Aboriginal food sources. This, combined with the introduction of new diseases such as <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a>, caused resentment within the Aboriginal clans against the British and resulted in violent confrontations.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The oldest legislative body in Australia, the <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Council" title="New South Wales Legislative Council">New South Wales Legislative Council</a>, was created in Sydney in 1825 as an appointed body to advise the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_South_Wales" title="Governor of New South Wales">Governor of New South Wales</a>. The northern wing of <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Street,_Sydney" title="Macquarie Street, Sydney">Macquarie Street's</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Hospital" title="Sydney Hospital">Rum Hospital</a> was requisitioned and converted to accommodate the first Parliament House in 1829, as it was the largest building available in Sydney at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1840 the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_City_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney City Council">Sydney City Council</a> was established. Australia's first parliamentary elections were conducted for the <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Council" title="New South Wales Legislative Council">New South Wales Legislative Council</a> in 1843.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:(1)Market_Street_Sydney.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg/170px-%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg/255px-%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg/340px-%281%29Market_Street_Sydney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10060" data-file-height="13438" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Market_Street,_Sydney" title="Market Street, Sydney">Market Street</a> in January 1986, showing <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Tower" title="Sydney Tower">Sydney Tower</a> and the now defunct <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Monorail" title="Sydney Monorail">Sydney Monorail</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Macquarie set aside a large portion of land for an Anglican Cathedral and laid the foundation stone for the first <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Sydney" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney">St Mary's Catholic Cathedral</a> in 1821. <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Cathedral,_Sydney" title="St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney">St Andrew's Anglican Cathedral</a>, though more modest in size than Macquarie's original vision, later began construction and, after fire and setbacks, the present St Mary's Catholic Cathedral foundation stone was laid in 1868, from which rose a towering gothic-revival landmark.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Religious groups were also responsible for many of the philanthropic activities in Sydney. One of these was the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Female_Refuge_Society" title="Sydney Female Refuge Society">Sydney Female Refuge Society</a> set up to care for prostitutes in 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An academy of art formed in 1870 and the present <a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales" title="Art Gallery of New South Wales">Art Gallery of New South Wales</a> building began construction in 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inspired by the works of French <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">impressionism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_artists%27_camps" title="Sydney artists' camps">artists camps</a> formed around the foreshores of Sydney Harbour in the 1880s.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> landmark <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Building" title="Queen Victoria Building">Queen Victoria Building</a> (QVB), designed by <a href="/wiki/George_McRae" title="George McRae">George McRae</a>, was completed in 1898 on the site of the old Sydney markets.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the midst of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, on Valentine's Day, riots racked the CBD, in what has come to be known as the Central Station Riots of 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A substantial segment of the violence was concentrated in the Central area. These riots involved five thousand military recruits who refused to comply with extraneous parade orders. During the riots, they caused significant damage to buildings. People with "foreign" names were especially targeted. The recruits clashed with soldiers, resulting in the death of Private Ernest William Keefe. Eight people sustained injuries. Because this incident occurred in the middle of the Great War the state discouraged media coverage. Only a fifth of the rioters were court-marshalled. These riots spurred the introduction of lockout laws for pubs after 6 pm. This law was only lifted in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 1960s onwards saw the construction of new modern high-rise skyscrapers in the Sydney CBD, in styles of concrete and glass structures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography">Geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sydney" title="Geography of Sydney">Geography of Sydney</a></div> <p>The Sydney CBD is an area of very densely concentrated skyscrapers and other buildings, interspersed by several parks such as <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park, Sydney">Hyde Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Domain,_Sydney" title="The Domain, Sydney">The Domain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Garden,_Sydney" title="Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney">Royal Botanic Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wynyard_Park,_Sydney" title="Wynyard Park, Sydney">Wynyard Park</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg/220px-Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg/330px-Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg/440px-Sydney_CBD_Skyline_with_Hyde_Park_and_St_Marys_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1429" /></a><figcaption>The Central Business District is surrounded by parks such as <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park, Sydney">Hyde Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Garden,_Sydney" title="Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney">The Royal Botanic Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Domain,_Sydney" title="The Domain, Sydney">The Domain</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Geographically, its north–south axis runs from <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a> in the north to <a href="/wiki/Central_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Central railway station, Sydney">Central railway station</a> in the south. Its east–west axis runs from a chain of parkland that includes <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park, Sydney">Hyde Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Domain,_Sydney" title="The Domain, Sydney">The Domain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Garden,_Sydney" title="Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney">Royal Botanic Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Farm_Cove,_New_South_Wales" title="Farm Cove, New South Wales">Farm Cove</a> on <a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson" title="Port Jackson">Sydney Harbour</a> in the east; to <a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour" title="Darling Harbour">Darling Harbour</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Western_Distributor,_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Distributor, Sydney">Western Distributor</a> in the west. </p><p>The CBD runs along two ridge lines below Macquarie Street and York Streets. Between these ridges is Pitt Street, running close to the course of the original <a href="/wiki/Tank_Stream" title="Tank Stream">Tank Stream</a> (now tunneled). <a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Sydney" title="George Street, Sydney">George Street</a> is the Sydney CBD's main north–south thoroughfare. <a href="/wiki/Bridge_Street,_Sydney" title="Bridge Street, Sydney">Bridge Street</a> took its name from the bridge running east–west that once crossed this stream. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Place" title="Martin Place">Martin Place</a> is the banking and commercial heart of Sydney<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Street" title="Pitt Street">Pitt Street</a> is the retail heart of the city and includes the <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Street_Mall" title="Pitt Street Mall">Pitt Street Mall</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Tower" title="Sydney Tower">Sydney Tower</a>. <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Street,_Sydney" title="Macquarie Street, Sydney">Macquarie Street</a> is a historic precinct that houses such buildings as the State <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Sydney" title="Parliament House, Sydney">Parliament House</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_South_Wales" title="Supreme Court of New South Wales">Supreme Court of New South Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_CBD,_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg/500px-Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg/750px-Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg/1000px-Sydney_CBD%2C_northeast_view_20230224_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7624" data-file-height="3626" /></a><figcaption>The skyline of the central business district</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OSM_central_Sydney.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/OSM_central_Sydney.png/220px-OSM_central_Sydney.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/OSM_central_Sydney.png/330px-OSM_central_Sydney.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/OSM_central_Sydney.png/440px-OSM_central_Sydney.png 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="831" /></a><figcaption>A map showing Sydney's city centre and adjacent areas</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Geographical_Names_Board_of_New_South_Wales" title="Geographical Names Board of New South Wales">Geographical Names Board</a> defines the area covering the central business district as the suburb named "<b>Sydney</b>".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The formal boundaries of the suburb "Sydney" covers most of the peninsula formed by Cockle Bay in the west and <a href="/wiki/Woolloomooloo" title="Woolloomooloo">Woolloomooloo Bay</a> in the east. It extends north to <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bennelong_Point" title="Bennelong Point">Bennelong Point</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mrs_Macquarie%27s_Chair" title="Mrs Macquarie's Chair">Mrs Macquarie's Chair</a>, east to Woolloomooloo Bay and the eastern boundary of the Domain and Hyde Park, south to Goulburn Street just north of Sydney's Chinatown (Haymarket), and west to cover the <a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour" title="Darling Harbour">Darling Harbour</a> area on the western shore of Cockle Bay. However, it does not include the northwestern portion of the peninsula which includes the <a href="/wiki/Barangaroo" title="Barangaroo">Barangaroo</a>, The Rocks, <a href="/wiki/Millers_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Millers Point">Millers Point</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawes Point">Dawes Point</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walsh_Bay" title="Walsh Bay">Walsh Bay</a> area, which are formally separate suburbs grouped by the City of Sydney into the "small area" called "The Rocks - Miller's Point - Dawe's Point".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a> defines the CBD as comprising two of its ten "villages" – <b>CBD and Harbour Village</b> & <b>Chinatown and CBD South Village</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>CBD and Harbour Village</b> is bounded by the shoreline of Port Jackson in the north, Lincoln Crescent, Sir John Young Crescent, The Domain and College Street in the east, Liverpool Street, Elizabeth Street, Bathurst Street and the Western Distributor in the south, and Darling Harbour in the west.</li> <li><b>Chinatown and CBD South Village</b> is bounded by the Pyrmont Bay Wharf, Darling Harbour, the Western Distributor and Bathurst Street in the north, Elizabeth Street, Liverpool Street, Wentworth Avenue, Elizabeth Street and Chalmers Street in the east, Devonshire Street Tunnel, Lee Street and Railway Square in the south, and the railway line, Pyrmont Street, Murray Street and Pirrama Road in the west.</li></ul> <p>The postcode zone 2000 is also roughly correlative with the city centre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_Town_Hall_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg/220px-Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg/330px-Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg/440px-Sydney_Town_Hall_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4792" data-file-height="4319" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Town_Hall" title="Sydney Town Hall">Sydney Town Hall</a></figcaption></figure><p>Administratively, the Sydney CBD falls under the authority of the <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">local government area</a> of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_South_Wales" title="Government of New South Wales">New South Wales state government</a> also has authority over some aspects of the CBD, in particular through <a href="/wiki/Property_NSW" title="Property NSW">Property NSW</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the New South Wales state parliament, the seat of "<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sydney" title="Electoral district of Sydney">Sydney</a>" covers the city centre together with inner western, southern and eastern suburbs. <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politics)">Independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Greenwich" title="Alex Greenwich">Alex Greenwich</a> has represented the state seat of Sydney since the <a href="/wiki/2012_Sydney_state_by-election" title="2012 Sydney state by-election">2012 by-election</a>, triggered by the resignation of previous independent <a href="/wiki/Clover_Moore" title="Clover Moore">Clover Moore</a>, who was the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor of Sydney">Lord Mayor of Sydney</a>, due to introduced state laws preventing dual membership of state parliament and local council.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the federal parliament, the seat of "<a href="/wiki/Division_of_Sydney" title="Division of Sydney">Sydney</a>" covers the city centre together with a larger set of inner western, southern and eastern suburbs, as well as islands in the Sydney Harbour and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Howe_Island" title="Lord Howe Island">Lord Howe Island</a>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Australian Labor Party</a> member <a href="/wiki/Tanya_Plibersek" title="Tanya Plibersek">Tanya Plibersek</a> has represented the federal seat of Sydney since the <a href="/wiki/1998_Australian_federal_election" title="1998 Australian federal election">1998 Australian federal election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precincts">Precincts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Precincts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg/220px-SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg/330px-SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg/440px-SydneyCBDfromTower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The northwestern end of the Sydney CBD as viewed from Sydney Tower</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural">Cultural</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cultural"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sydney" title="Culture of Sydney">Culture of Sydney</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg/220px-Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg/330px-Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg/440px-Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales" title="Art Gallery of New South Wales">Art Gallery of New South Wales</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sydney's cultural centre is compacted within its central business district and inner city ring, due to its nightlife, pedestrian traffic and centrality of notable attractions.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a large concentration of cultural institutions within the CBD including: the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Sydney" title="Museum of Sydney">Museum of Sydney</a>, the <a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_New_South_Wales" title="State Library of New South Wales">State Library of New South Wales</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Customs_House,_Sydney" title="Customs House, Sydney">Customs House</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney_Library" title="City of Sydney Library">City of Sydney Library</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre Royal, Sydney">Theatre Royal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/City_Recital_Hall" title="City Recital Hall">City Recital Hall</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Foundation" title="Japan Foundation">Japan Foundation</a>. There are a total of 19 churches located in the Sydney city centre.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many other cultural institutions are located at the surrounds of the CBD, such as: the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Opera_House" title="Sydney Opera House">Sydney Opera House</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney">Museum of Contemporary Art</a> to the north, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Museum" title="Australian Museum">Australian Museum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales" title="Art Gallery of New South Wales">Art Gallery of New South Wales</a> to the east, the <a href="/wiki/Powerhouse_Museum" title="Powerhouse Museum">Powerhouse Museum</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/White_Rabbit_Gallery" title="White Rabbit Gallery">White Rabbit Gallery</a> and the Haymarket branch of the City of Sydney Library to the south. The <a href="/wiki/Lanes_and_alleyways_of_Sydney" title="Lanes and alleyways of Sydney">lanes and alleyways of Sydney</a> exhibit the culture and arts of the CBD.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Every January during the summer, the city celebrates with the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Festival" title="Sydney Festival">Sydney Festival</a>. Australian and International theatre during the month is also featured, including <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Aboriginal</a>, and Contemporary. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Film_Festival" title="Sydney Film Festival">Sydney Film Festival</a> is an international event organised every year in June at various venues across the CBD. The festival opened on 11 June 1954 and was held over four days, with screenings at Sydney University. Attendance was at full capacity with 1,200 tickets sold at one guinea each.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaufman_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaufman-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sydney boasts a lively café culture, as well as a club and bar scene distributed throughout the CBD and concentrated in a couple of locations such as <a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour,_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Darling Harbour, New South Wales">Darling Harbour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-destination_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-destination-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although <a href="/wiki/Kings_Cross,_New_South_Wales" title="Kings Cross, New South Wales">Kings Cross</a> is not technically located within the Sydney CBD, it is accessible via William Street, which runs through Hyde Park and is part of the inner-city region. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Street,_Sydney" title="Oxford Street, Sydney">Oxford Street</a> hosts Sydney's gay scene.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civic">Civic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Civic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg/220px-SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg/330px-SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg/440px-SLNSW_15578_Proclamation_of_King_George_VI_at_Parliament_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1068" /></a><figcaption>Proclamation of King George VI at Parliament House along Macquarie Street</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Street,_Sydney" title="Macquarie Street, Sydney">Macquarie Street</a> is a historic precinct and where many local as well as federal governmental institutions reside. "Macquarie Street" is often used as a metonym for the New South Wales government (the way Whitehall, for example, is a metonym for the British government). Parliament House, Government House, and the Law Courts Building (which houses the Supreme Court of New South Wales) are all located along the street. Federal Government institutions located along this street include the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Court_of_Australia" title="Federal Court of Australia">Federal Court of Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a>, and the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia" title="Reserve Bank of Australia">Reserve Bank of Australia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banking_and_Commercial">Banking and Commercial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Banking and Commercial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_St,_Sydney_10-45am.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg/220px-George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg/330px-George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg/440px-George_St%2C_Sydney_10-45am.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Sydney" title="George Street, Sydney">George Street</a>, the main CBD thoroughfare</figcaption></figure> <p>The Sydney CBD is home to some of the largest Australian companies, as well as serving as an Asia-Pacific headquarters for many large international companies.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Place" title="Martin Place">Martin Place</a> is considered to be the financial hub of the CBD<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is also where the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange" title="Australian Securities Exchange">Australian Securities Exchange</a> is located.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, Martin Place has also been dubbed 'Silicon Place' once global tech giants <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Expedia" title="Expedia">Expedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlassian" title="Atlassian">Atlassian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The financial services industry in particular occupies much of the available office space in the CBD, with companies such as the <a href="/wiki/Westpac" title="Westpac">Westpac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Bank" title="Commonwealth Bank">Commonwealth Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citibank" title="Citibank">Citibank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bank" title="Deutsche Bank">Deutsche Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Macquarie Bank">Macquarie Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/AMP_Limited" title="AMP Limited">AMP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insurance_Australia_Group" title="Insurance Australia Group">Insurance Australia Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aon_(company)" title="Aon (company)">Aon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marsh_McLennan" title="Marsh McLennan">Marsh McLennan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allianz" title="Allianz">Allianz</a>, <a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Axa" title="Axa">Axa</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABN_Amro" class="mw-redirect" title="ABN Amro">ABN Amro</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Canada" title="Royal Bank of Canada">Royal Bank of Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a> all having offices.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transport in Sydney">Public transport in Sydney</a></div> <p>Sydney's CBD is serviced by <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a>, bus and <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Ferries" title="Sydney Ferries">ferry</a> transport. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg/220px-St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg/330px-St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg/440px-St_James_Station_Sydney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St_James_railway_station,_Sydney" title="St James railway station, Sydney">St James station</a>; one of six underground stations in the CBD</figcaption></figure> <p>Sydney's main commuter rail hub is <a href="/wiki/Central_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Central railway station, Sydney">Central railway station</a>, which is located to the south of the CBD in <a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_New_South_Wales" title="Haymarket, New South Wales">Haymarket</a>: it connects services for almost all of the lines in the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Trains" title="Sydney Trains">Sydney Trains</a> network, as well as being the terminus for <a href="/wiki/NSW_TrainLink" title="NSW TrainLink">NSW TrainLink</a> country and inter-urban rail services. From Central, there is a largely-underground CBD rail loop, accessed in both directions via Central, which services five CBD stations (<a href="/wiki/Town_Hall_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Town Hall railway station, Sydney">Town Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wynyard_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Wynyard railway station, Sydney">Wynyard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay_railway_station" title="Circular Quay railway station">Circular Quay</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_James_railway_station,_Sydney" title="St James railway station, Sydney">St James</a> and <a href="/wiki/Museum_railway_station" title="Museum railway station">Museum</a>). This is known as the <a href="/wiki/City_Circle" title="City Circle">City Circle</a>. In addition, a <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Suburbs_railway_line" title="Eastern Suburbs railway line">separate underground line</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bondi_Junction_railway_station" title="Bondi Junction railway station">Bondi Junction</a> services an additional underground station, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Place_railway_station" title="Martin Place railway station">Martin Place</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Inner_West_Light_Rail" title="Inner West Light Rail">Inner West Light Rail</a> passes immediately to the south of the CBD, connecting Central to nearby suburbs of Sydney's <a href="/wiki/Inner_West" title="Inner West">Inner West</a>. The <a href="/wiki/CBD_and_South_East_Light_Rail" title="CBD and South East Light Rail">CBD and South East Light Rail</a> runs north–south through the CBD, connecting <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a> with Central and the Eastern Suburbs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg/220px-Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg/330px-Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg/440px-Sydney_Light_Rail_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Light_rail_in_Sydney" title="Light rail in Sydney">Light rail</a> on <a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Sydney" title="George Street, Sydney">George Street</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Buses service the CBD along several dozen routes to both inner and more remote suburbs. <a href="/wiki/NightRide_(bus_service)" title="NightRide (bus service)">NightRide</a> is an after-hours bus service that operates between midnight and 5:00 am, with most services running from George Street outside the Sydney Town Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Ferries" title="Sydney Ferries">Sydney Ferries</a> operate largely from <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a>, on the northern edge of the CBD. There are several wharves (directly beneath the elevated Circular Quay commuter rail station), with Wharf 3 operating exclusively to <a href="/wiki/Manly_ferry_wharf" title="Manly ferry wharf">Manly</a>. </p><p>Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Metro" title="Sydney Metro">the Sydney Metro rapid transit line</a> services the CBD area with four stations (<a href="/wiki/Barangaroo_railway_station" title="Barangaroo railway station">Barangaroo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Place_railway_station" title="Martin Place railway station">Martin Place</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gadigal_railway_station" title="Gadigal railway station">Gadigal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Central railway station, Sydney">Central</a>). The inner-city stations were constructed as part of the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Metro_City_%26_Southwest#Chatswood_to_Sydenham_section" title="Sydney Metro City & Southwest">Sydney Metro City & Southwest project</a> that opened on 19 August 2024<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and extended the existing line from Chatswood to Sydenham via the CBD. As of December 2024 construction is underway on a <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Metro_West" title="Sydney Metro West">separate rapid transit line</a> to connect the CBD with the secondary centre of <a href="/wiki/Parramatta" title="Parramatta">Parramatta</a> with a targeted opening date of 2032.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Sydney" title="Architecture of Sydney">Architecture of Sydney</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Sydney" title="List of tallest buildings in Sydney">List of tallest buildings in Sydney</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg/220px-World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg/330px-World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg/440px-World_Tower_brom_beneath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/World_Square" title="World Square">World Square</a> skyscrapers</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:(1)Hotel_CBD_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg/220px-%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg/330px-%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg/440px-%281%29Hotel_CBD_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="5443" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian architecture</a> on <a href="/wiki/York_Street,_Sydney" title="York Street, Sydney">York Street</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Sydney CBD contains many of Australia's tallest skyscrapers, including <a href="/wiki/Governor_Phillip_Tower" title="Governor Phillip Tower">Governor Phillip Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/25_Martin_Place" title="25 Martin Place">25 Martin Place</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Tower" title="World Tower">World Tower</a>, the latter consisting predominantly of apartments. It is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Australia_Square" title="Australia Square">Australia Square</a> tower building on George Street, which was the city's tallest building until 1976. As of 2017, the tallest structure is <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Tower" title="Sydney Tower">Sydney Tower</a> at 309 m (1,014 ft) which has dominated the city skyline since it was topped out in 1981. In 2016, height limits for buildings were lifted from 235 m (771 ft) to 310 m (1,017 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Heritage conservation has been an ongoing issue for Sydney's city centre since the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Green_ban" title="Green ban">green bans</a> in the 1970s and the increasing need for office or living space.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, a number of prominent buildings in the CBD have been lost: <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hordern_%26_Sons" title="Anthony Hordern & Sons">Anthony Hordern & Sons</a> on George Street, the <a href="/wiki/Regent_Theatre,_Sydney" title="Regent Theatre, Sydney">Regent Theatre</a> also on George Street, Commercial Travelers' Club and Hotel Australia at <a href="/wiki/Martin_Place" title="Martin Place">Martin Place</a> all attracted the ire of Sydneysiders–Sydney Mayor Clover Moore, then the MP for Bligh, even addressed a crowd in Martin Place in 1988 in a futile attempt to save the Regent Theatre from its imminent fate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg/220px-George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg/330px-George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg/440px-George_Street_Sydney_Gowings_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>George Street outside the Gowings Building</figcaption></figure> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a>, the population of the Sydney CBD was recorded as 16,667.<sup id="cite_ref-census2021_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2021-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International students account for 32% of Sydney CBD residents.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Australia-born individuals make up 22.3% of the CBD's population. The most common countries of birth other than Australia were <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (12.9%), <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> (12.4%), <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (9.7%), <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (3.5%) and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> (3.1%). Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people made up 0.3% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-census2021_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2021-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Culturally, residents in the CBD have diverse ancestries, with Chinese, Thai, English, Indonesian, and Korean being the most common. Religious affiliations are equally diverse, with the largest group reporting 'No Religion' (36.1%), followed by <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (21.4%) and <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> (13.7%). 99.2% of dwellings were flats or apartments. 72.0% were rented and 24.2% were owned outright or with a mortgage in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-census2021_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2021-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_Bureau_of_Statistics2022" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> (28 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/SAL13730">"Sydney Central Business District (suburb and locality)"</a>. <i>Australian Census 2021</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=businessevents.australia.com&rft.atitle=Sydney+Industry+Sectors+-+Business+Events+-+Tourism+Australia&rft.date=2021-11-18&rft.aulast=Australia&rft.aufirst=Tourism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinessevents.australia.com%2Fen%2Fdestinations%2Fsydney%2Findustry-sectors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sydney.org.au/FutureSydneyCBD/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Phase-1-report_final_27-august-updates.pdf">"Commission into the Future of the Sydney's Central Business District (CBD)–Challenges and opportunities"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Sydney: UNSW Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">152–</span>153. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74223-116-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74223-116-7"><bdi>978-1-74223-116-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230923094622/https://books.google.com/books?id=TDxldj_SLcYC&q=inauthor%3A%22Val%20Attenbrow%22&pg=PA152">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sydney%27s+Aboriginal+Past%3A+Investigating+the+Archaeological+and+Historical+Records&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E152-%3C%2Fspan%3E153&rft.pub=UNSW+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-74223-116-7&rft.aulast=Attenbrow&rft.aufirst=Val&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTDxldj_SLcYC%26q%3Dinauthor%253A%2522Val%2520Attenbrow%2522%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Settlers'_history_rewritten-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Settlers'_history_rewritten_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacey2007" class="citation news cs1">Macey, Richard (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/settlers-history-rewritten/2007/09/14/1189276983698.html">"Settlers' history rewritten: go back 30,000 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Morning Herald">Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702180036/https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/settlers-history-rewritten/2007/09/14/1189276983698.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Settlers%27+history+rewritten%3A+go+back+30%2C000+years&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Macey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fsettlers-history-rewritten%2F2007%2F09%2F14%2F1189276983698.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook's_landing_site-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cook's_landing_site_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/node/19670">"Cook's landing site"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Planning_%26_Environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Planning & Environment">Department of Planning & Environment</a>. 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131105122057/http://www.environment.gov.au/node/19670">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cook%27s+landing+site&rft.pub=Department+of+Planning+%26+Environment&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.environment.gov.au%2Fnode%2F19670&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sydneybarani.com.au/sites/aboriginal-people-and-place/">"Aboriginal people and place |"</a>. <i>www.sydneybarani.com.au</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200426023026/https://www.sydneybarani.com.au/sites/aboriginal-people-and-place/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sydneybarani.com.au&rft.atitle=Aboriginal+people+and+place+%7C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sydneybarani.com.au%2Fsites%2Faboriginal-people-and-place%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180918112755/http://www.gnb.nsw.gov.au/place_naming/placename_search/extract?id=TRlpoerXGH">"Geographical Names Register Extract - Sydney"</a>. <i>Place Name Search</i>. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Place+Name+Search&rft.atitle=Geographical+Names+Register+Extract+-+Sydney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnb.nsw.gov.au%2Fplace_naming%2Fplacename_search%2Fextract%3Fid%3DTRlpoerXGH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Hill (2008) p.141-150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130203035645/http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/discover_collections/history_nation/terra_australis/letters/phillip/index.html">"Arthur Phillip | State Library of New South Wales"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/discover_collections/history_nation/terra_australis/letters/phillip/index.html">the original</a> on 3 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arthur+Phillip+%26%23124%3B+State+Library+of+New+South+Wales&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sl.nsw.gov.au%2Fdiscover_collections%2Fhistory_nation%2Fterra_australis%2Fletters%2Fphillip%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aabr.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=60&Itemid=74">"Aboriginal People of the Sydney Region"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aboriginal+People+of+the+Sydney+Region&rft.pub=Australian+Association+of+Bush+Regenerators&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aabr.org.au%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D60%26Itemid%3D74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110306053607/http://cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/AboutSydney/HistoryAndArchives/SydneyHistory/HistoricBuildings/ParliamentHouse.asp">"Parliament House - City of Sydney"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parliament+House+-+City+of+Sydney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au%2Faboutsydney%2Fhistoryandarchives%2FSydneyHistory%2FHistoricBuildings%2FParliamentHouse.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aec.gov.au/Elections/Australian_Electoral_History/reform.htm">"AEC redirection page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110601193842/http://www.aec.gov.au/Elections/Australian_Electoral_History/reform.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AEC+redirection+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faec.gov.au%2FElections%2FAustralian_Electoral_History%2Freform.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qvb.com.au/About-QVB">"QVB"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142119/https://www.qvb.com.au/about-qvb">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QVB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qvb.com.au%2FAbout-QVB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60579365">SYDNEY FEMALE REFUGE SOCIETY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240412062746/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/60579365">Archived</a> 12 April 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (8 March 1864). Empire (Sydney, NSW : 1850 – 1875), p. 5. Retrieved 5 February 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020911211906/http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/aboutus/history">"AGNSW - History of the Art Gallery of New South Wales"</a>. <i>www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/aboutus/history">the original</a> on 11 September 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au&rft.atitle=AGNSW+-+History+of+the+Art+Gallery+of+New+South+Wales&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artgallery.nsw.gov.au%2Faboutus%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/artists_camps">"Artists' camps | the Dictionary of Sydney"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120135653/https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/artists_camps">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Artists%27+camps+%26%23124%3B+the+Dictionary+of+Sydney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionaryofsydney.org%2Fentry%2Fartists_camps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qvb.com.au/about">"About"</a>. <i>www.qvb.com.au</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620002826/https://www.qvb.com.au/about">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.qvb.com.au&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qvb.com.au%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historyofsydney.com.au/the-central-station-riots-of-1916/">"The Central Station Riots of 1916"</a>. <i>historyofsydney.com.au</i>. 30 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620061658/https://historyofsydney.com.au/the-central-station-riots-of-1916/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=historyofsydney.com.au&rft.atitle=The+Central+Station+Riots+of+1916&rft.date=2017-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoryofsydney.com.au%2Fthe-central-station-riots-of-1916%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofsydney.com.au/the-central-station-riots-of-1916/">"The Central Station Riots of 1916"</a>. <i>History of Sydney</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181121121505/http://www.historyofsydney.com.au/the-central-station-riots-of-1916/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"2.1". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/909-Remarkably-adaptive-Australian-cities-in-a-time-of-growth.pdf">Remarkably adaptive: Australian cities in a time of growth</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report) (2018-13 ed.). Grattan Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-6483311-4-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-6483311-4-8"><bdi>978-0-6483311-4-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Remarkably+adaptive%3A+Australian+cities+in+a+time+of+growth&rft.edition=2018-13&rft.pub=Grattan+Institute&rft.date=2018-11&rft.isbn=978-0-6483311-4-8&rft.aulast=Terrill&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft.au=Batrouney%2C+Hugh&rft.au=Hourani%2C+Diana&rft.au=Ha%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrattan.edu.au%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F10%2F909-Remarkably-adaptive-Australian-cities-in-a-time-of-growth.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+central+business+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sydney/City_Centre#Q1852577" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Sydney/City Centre">Sydney – City Centre</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sydney_regions" title="Template:Sydney regions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sydney_regions" title="Template talk:Sydney regions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sydney_regions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sydney regions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regions_of_Sydney,_New_South_Wales,_Australia79" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Sydney" title="Regions of Sydney">Regions of Sydney</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, Australia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury-Bankstown" title="Canterbury-Bankstown">Canterbury-Bankstown</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central Business District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Suburbs_(Sydney)" title="Eastern Suburbs (Sydney)">Eastern Suburbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_District_(Sydney)" title="Forest District (Sydney)">Forest District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Western_Sydney" title="Greater Western Sydney">Greater Western Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hills_District,_New_South_Wales" title="Hills District, New South Wales">Hills District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_West" title="Inner West">Inner West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macarthur,_New_South_Wales" title="Macarthur, New South Wales">Macarthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Beaches" title="Northern Beaches">Northern Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Sydney" title="Northern Sydney">Northern Suburbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Sydney)" title="North Shore (Sydney)">North Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Sydney" title="Southern Sydney">Southern Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Sydney" title="South Western Sydney">South Western Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George,_Sydney" title="St George, Sydney">St George</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Local_government_areas_of_Sydney84"><b><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_New_South_Wales" title="Local government areas of New South Wales">Local government areas</a> of Sydney</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayside_Council" title="Bayside Council">Bayside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blacktown_City_Council" title="Blacktown City Council">Blacktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Burwood" title="Municipality of Burwood">Burwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Council_(New_South_Wales)" title="Camden Council (New South Wales)">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Canterbury_Bankstown" title="City of Canterbury Bankstown">Canterbury Bankstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Canada_Bay" title="City of Canada Bay">Canada Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_City_Council" title="Cumberland City Council">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield_City_Council" title="Fairfield City Council">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_River_Council" title="Georges River Council">Georges River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Hawkesbury" title="City of Hawkesbury">Hawkesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Shire" title="The Hills Shire">The Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornsby_Shire" title="Hornsby Shire">Hornsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Hunter%27s_Hill" title="Municipality of Hunter's Hill">Hunter's Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_West_Council" title="Inner West Council">Inner West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku-ring-gai_Council" title="Ku-ring-gai Council">Ku-ring-gai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lane_Cove_Council" title="Lane Cove Council">Lane Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Liverpool_(New_South_Wales)" title="City of Liverpool (New South Wales)">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosman_Council" title="Mosman Council">Mosman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sydney_Council" title="North Sydney Council">North Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Beaches_Council" title="Northern Beaches Council">Northern Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Parramatta" title="City of Parramatta">Parramatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Penrith" title="City of Penrith">Penrith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Randwick" title="City of Randwick">Randwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Ryde" title="City of Ryde">Ryde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Strathfield" title="Municipality of Strathfield">Strathfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Shire" title="Sutherland Shire">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverley_Council" title="Waverley Council">Waverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Willoughby" title="City of Willoughby">Willoughby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Woollahra" title="Municipality of Woollahra">Woollahra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="List of Sydney suburbs">List of Sydney suburbs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Suburbs_and_localities_within_the_City_of_Sydney95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sydney_City_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="Template:Sydney City of Sydney suburbs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sydney_City_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="Template talk:Sydney City of Sydney suburbs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sydney_City_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sydney City of Sydney suburbs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Suburbs_and_localities_within_the_City_of_Sydney95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suburbs and localities within the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Sydney" title="City of Sydney">City of Sydney</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suburbs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_New_South_Wales" title="Alexandria, New South Wales">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barangaroo,_New_South_Wales" title="Barangaroo, New South Wales">Barangaroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaconsfield,_New_South_Wales" title="Beaconsfield, New South Wales">Beaconsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camperdown,_New_South_Wales" title="Camperdown, New South Wales">Camperdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park,_New_South_Wales" title="Centennial Park, New South Wales">Centennial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippendale,_New_South_Wales" title="Chippendale, New South Wales">Chippendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlinghurst" title="Darlinghurst">Darlinghurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlington,_New_South_Wales" title="Darlington, New South Wales">Darlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawes_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawes Point">Dawes Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bay,_New_South_Wales" title="Elizabeth Bay, New South Wales">Elizabeth Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erskineville" title="Erskineville">Erskineville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eveleigh" title="Eveleigh">Eveleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Lodge,_New_South_Wales" title="Forest Lodge, New South Wales">Forest Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glebe,_New_South_Wales" title="Glebe, New South Wales">Glebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_New_South_Wales" title="Haymarket, New South Wales">Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millers_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Millers Point">Millers Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moore_Park,_New_South_Wales" title="Moore Park, New South Wales">Moore Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtown,_New_South_Wales" title="Newtown, New South Wales">Newtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddington,_New_South_Wales" title="Paddington, New South Wales">Paddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potts_Point" title="Potts Point">Potts Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrmont,_New_South_Wales" title="Pyrmont, New South Wales">Pyrmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redfern,_New_South_Wales" title="Redfern, New South Wales">Redfern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosebery,_New_South_Wales" title="Rosebery, New South Wales">Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushcutters_Bay" title="Rushcutters Bay">Rushcutters Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surry_Hills" title="Surry Hills">Surry Hills</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sydney CBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rocks,_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rocks, New South Wales">The Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimo,_New_South_Wales" title="Ultimo, New South Wales">Ultimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_New_South_Wales" title="Waterloo, New South Wales">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolloomooloo" title="Woolloomooloo">Woolloomooloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zetland,_New_South_Wales" title="Zetland, New South Wales">Zetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Localities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central,_New_South_Wales" title="Central, New South Wales">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park,_Sydney" title="Central Park, Sydney">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Sydney" title="Chinatown, Sydney">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour" title="Darling Harbour">Darling Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Domain,_Sydney" title="The Domain, Sydney">The Domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sydney_(locality)" title="East Sydney (locality)">East Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goat_Island_(Port_Jackson)" title="Goat Island (Port Jackson)">Goat Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_Island,_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden Island, New South Wales">Garden Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Square,_New_South_Wales" title="Green Square, New South Wales">Green Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Cross,_New_South_Wales" title="Kings Cross, New South Wales">Kings Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macdonaldtown" title="Macdonaldtown">Macdonaldtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Square" title="Railway Square">Railway Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James,_New_South_Wales" title="St James, New South Wales">St James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Hills" title="Strawberry Hills">Strawberry Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynyard,_New_South_Wales" title="Wynyard, New South Wales">Wynyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sydney_suburbs" title="List of Sydney suburbs">List of Sydney suburbs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capital_city_central_business_districts_of_Australia56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capital_city_central_business_districts_of_Australia" title="Template:Capital city central business districts of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capital_city_central_business_districts_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Capital city central business districts of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capital_city_central_business_districts_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capital city central business districts of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capital_city_central_business_districts_of_Australia56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capital city <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">central business districts</a> of Australia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sydney</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_central_business_district" title="Melbourne central business district">Melbourne</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Brisbane_central_business_district" title="Brisbane central business district">Brisbane</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_city_centre#CBD" title="Adelaide city centre">Adelaide</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Perth_central_business_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth central business district">Perth</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hobart_central_business_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobart central business district">Hobart</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Darwin_central_business_district" title="Darwin central business district">Darwin</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Civic,_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Civic, Australian Capital Territory">Canberra</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sydney_central_business_district_historical_attractions271" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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id="Sydney_central_business_district_historical_attractions271" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sydney central business district</a> historical attractions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anzac_Memorial" title="Anzac Memorial">Anzac Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Local_Court_House,_Sydney" title="Central Local Court House, Sydney">Central Local Court House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary%27s_Building" title="Chief Secretary's Building">Chief Secretary's Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Street_Police_Station" title="Clarence Street Police Station">Clarence Street Police Station (former)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customs_House,_Sydney" title="Customs House, Sydney">Customs House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_Building" title="Department of Education Building">Department of Education Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Lands_Building" title="Department of Lands Building">Department of Lands Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downing_Centre" title="Downing Centre">Downing Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Government_House,_Sydney" title="First Government House, Sydney">First Government House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Post_Office,_Sydney" title="General Post Office, Sydney">General Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Sydney" title="Government House, Sydney">Government House</a></li> <li>Hay Street <ul><li><a href="/wiki/181%E2%80%93187_Hay_Street,_Sydney" title="181–187 Hay Street, Sydney">Nos. 181–187</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_Post_Office" title="Haymarket Post Office">Haymarket Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93-97_Macquarie_Street,_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="93-97 Macquarie Street, Sydney">Health Department building (former)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_Barracks,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney">Hyde Park Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_Obelisk" title="Hyde Park Obelisk">Hyde Park Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Sydney" title="Parliament House, Sydney">Parliament House, Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registrar-General%27s_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Registrar-General's building">Registrar-General's building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_New_South_Wales" title="State Library of New South Wales">State Library of NSW</a></li> <li>Supreme Court of NSW <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banco_Court_(Supreme_Court_of_New_South_Wales)" title="Banco Court (Supreme Court of New South Wales)">Banco Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenway_Wing_(Supreme_Court_of_New_South_Wales)" title="Greenway Wing (Supreme Court of New South Wales)">Greenway Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Registry_Wing_(Supreme_Court_of_New_South_Wales)" title="Old Registry Wing (Supreme Court of New South Wales)">Old Registry Wing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Cenotaph" title="Sydney Cenotaph">Sydney Cenotaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Mint" title="Sydney Mint">Sydney Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Water_Head_Office" title="Sydney Water Head Office">Sydney Water Head Office (former)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Building,_Sydney" title="Treasury Building, Sydney">Treasury building (former)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMA_House,_Sydney" title="AMA House, Sydney">AMA House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APA_Building,_Sydney" title="APA Building, Sydney">APA building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWA_Tower" title="AWA Tower">AWA Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Hall" title="Australian Hall">Australian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/107%E2%80%93109_Bathurst_Street,_Sydney" title="107–109 Bathurst Street, Sydney">Bathurst Street (Nos. 107–109)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_Place_warehouses" title="Bulletin Place warehouses">Bulletin Place warehouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burns_Philp_Building,_Sydney" title="Burns Philp Building, Sydney">Burns Philp building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challis_House" title="Challis House">Challis House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Mutual_Life_Assurance_Building" title="City Mutual Life Assurance Building">CML building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Exchange,_Sydney" title="Corn Exchange, Sydney">Corn Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_Street_Police_Station" title="Erskine Street Police Station">Erskine Street Police Station</a></li> <li>George Street <ul><li><a href="/wiki/341_George_Street,_Sydney" title="341 George Street, Sydney">No. 341</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/343_George_Street,_Sydney" title="343 George Street, Sydney">No. 343</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/348%E2%80%93352_George_Street,_Sydney" title="348–352 George Street, Sydney">Nos. 348–352</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/354_George_Street,_Sydney" title="354 George Street, Sydney">No. 354</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIO_Building" title="GIO Building">GIO building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grahame%27s_Corner" title="Grahame's Corner">Grahame's Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawken_and_Vance_Produce_Exchange" title="Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange">Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinchcliff_House" title="Hinchcliff House">Hinchcliff House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_House" title="Hong Kong House">Hong Kong House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_House,_Sydney" title="International House, Sydney">International House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bridge_Woolstore" title="John Bridge Woolstore">John Bridge Woolstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Judges_House" title="The Judges House">Judges House, The</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_House,_Sydney" title="Kyle House, Sydney">Kyle House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liner_House" title="Liner House">Liner House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metters_Building" title="Metters Building">Metters Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLC_Building,_Sydney" title="MLC Building, Sydney">MLC Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_House" title="National House">National House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Club_building" title="New South Wales Club building">New South Wales Club building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Trustee_Company_Building" title="Perpetual Trustee Company Building">Perpetual Trustee Company building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_House" title="Pinnacle House">Pinnacle House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Trust_Office" title="Public Trust Office">Public Trust Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qantas_House" title="Qantas House">Qantas House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Building" title="Queen Victoria Building">Queen Victoria Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_House" title="Red Cross House">Red Cross House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Automobile_Club_of_Australia_building" title="Royal Automobile Club of Australia building">Royal Automobile Club of Australia building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93%E2%80%9397_Macquarie_Street,_Sydney" title="93–97 Macquarie Street, Sydney">Sir Stamford Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Savings_Bank_Building" title="State Savings Bank Building">State Savings Bank building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Strand_Arcade" title="The Strand Arcade">Strand Arcade</a></li> <li>Sussex Street <ul><li><a href="/wiki/121%E2%80%93127_Sussex_Street,_Sydney" title="121–127 Sussex Street, Sydney">Nos. 121–127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/139%E2%80%93153_Sussex_Street,_Sydney" title="139–153 Sussex Street, Sydney">Nos. 139–153</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/161_Sussex_Street,_Sydney" title="161 Sussex Street, Sydney">No. 161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/163%E2%80%93169_Sussex_Street,_Sydney" title="163–169 Sussex Street, Sydney">Nos. 163–169</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_School_of_Arts_building" title="Sydney School of Arts building">Sydney School of Arts building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Trades_Hall" title="Sydney Trades Hall">Trades Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Club" title="The Sydney Club">The Sydney Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_House,_Sydney" title="Transport House, Sydney">Transport House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Hotel,_Sydney_CBD" title="Kings Hotel, Sydney CBD">Trickett's Hotel (former)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_Building" title="Trust Building">Trust Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_House,_Sydney" title="Wales House, Sydney">Wales House</a></li> <li>York Street <ul><li><a href="/wiki/22_York_Street,_Sydney" title="22 York Street, Sydney">No. 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/73_York_Street,_Sydney" title="73 York Street, Sydney">No. 73</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residential buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_House,_Sydney" title="History House, Sydney">History House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Street_Terraces" title="Phillip Street Terraces">Phillip Street Terraces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Street_Terraces" title="Young Street Terraces">Young Street Terraces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches and other places of worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Cathedral,_Sydney" title="St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney">St Andrew's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_St_Laurence" title="Christ Church St Laurence">Christ Church St Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Sydney)" title="Great Synagogue (Sydney)">Great Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27_Church,_Sydney" title="St James' Church, Sydney">St James' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Sydney" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney">St Mary's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt_Street_Uniting_Church" title="Pitt Street Uniting Church">Pitt Street Uniting Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Stephen%27s_Uniting_Church" title="St Stephen's Uniting Church">St Stephen's Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pub" title="Pub">Pubs</a> and hotels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_School_of_Arts_building" title="Sydney School of Arts building">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Arms_Hotel" title="Bristol Arms Hotel">Bristol Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Hotel,_Sydney" title="Crown Hotel, Sydney">Crown (pub)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Arms_Hotel" title="Dundee Arms Hotel">Dundee Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Building,_Sydney" title="Grace Building, Sydney">Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hotel,_Sydney" title="George Hotel, Sydney">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Hollywood_(building)" title="Hotel Hollywood (building)">Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_House" title="National House">Hotel CBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Hotel,_Sydney" title="Metropolitan Hotel, Sydney">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_George_Hotel,_Sydney" title="Royal George Hotel, Sydney">Royal George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinners_Family_Hotel" title="Skinners Family Hotel">Skinners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sussex_Hotel" title="Sussex Hotel">Sussex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_railway_station,_Sydney" title="Central railway station, Sydney">Central railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James_railway_station,_Sydney" title="St James railway station, Sydney">St James railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Place_railway_station" title="Martin Place railway station">Martin Place railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_railway_station" title="Museum railway station">Museum railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrmont_Bridge" title="Pyrmont Bridge">Pyrmont Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Square_road_overbridge" title="Railway Square road overbridge">Railway Square road overbridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural institutions and parklands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Museum" title="Australian Museum">Australian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Theatre,_Sydney" title="Capitol Theatre, Sydney">Capitol Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park, Sydney">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Police_Museum" title="Justice and Police Museum">Justice and Police Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Place_Park" title="Macquarie Place Park">Macquarie Place Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Garden,_Sydney" title="Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney">Royal Botanic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Theatre_(Sydney)" title="State Theatre (Sydney)">State Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Conservatorium_of_Music" title="Sydney Conservatorium of Music">Sydney Conservatorium of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Domain,_Sydney" title="The Domain, Sydney">The Domain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other significant historical features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour_Carousel" title="Darling Harbour Carousel">Darling Harbour Carousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Sydney_I_%E2%80%93_SMS_Emden_Memorial" title="HMAS Sydney I – SMS Emden Memorial">HMAS <i>Sydney</i> I – SMS <i>Emden</i> Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Hunter_and_Hamilton_Street_Precinct" title="Little Hunter and Hamilton Street Precinct">Little Hunter and Hamilton Street Precinct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_O%27War_Steps" title="Man O'War Steps">Man O'War Steps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpies_Golf_House_Sign" title="Sharpies Golf House Sign">Sharpies Golf House Sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Town_Hall" title="Sydney Town Hall">Sydney Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_Stream" title="Tank Stream">Tank Stream</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&oldid=1274866507">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney_central_business_district&oldid=1274866507</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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