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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Struktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Struktur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Struktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arvsmassa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arvsmassa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Arvsmassa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arvsmassa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Förökning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Förökning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Förökning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Förökning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klassificering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klassificering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Klassificering</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Klassificering-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Klassificering</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Klassificering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ICTV-klassificeringen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ICTV-klassificeringen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>ICTV-klassificeringen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ICTV-klassificeringen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baltimore-klassificeringen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baltimore-klassificeringen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Baltimore-klassificeringen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baltimore-klassificeringen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Läkemedel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Läkemedel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Läkemedel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Läkemedel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Virus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 174 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-174" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">174 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(Medizin)" title="Virus (Medizin) – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Virus (Medizin)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%AB%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%A8%E1%88%B5" title="ቫይረስ – amhariska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቫይረስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C4%93ofanwyrm" title="Clēofanwyrm – fornengelska" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Clēofanwyrm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="fornengelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فيروس – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيروس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A3" title="ܒܝܪܘܣ – arameiska" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܝܪܘܣ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BA%D5%A1%D5%B0%D6%80" title="Ժահր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ժահր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B" title="ভাইৰাছ – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাইৰাছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADru" title="Víru – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Víru" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="ভাইরাস – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাইরাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%93%E2%81%BF-to%CC%8Dk" title="Pēⁿ-to̍k – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pēⁿ-to̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вирустар – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Вирустар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Вірусы – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вірусы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="वायरस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="वायरस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Вируси – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вируси" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B" title="ནད་དུག་ – tibetanska" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ནད་དུག་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologija)" title="Virus (biologija) – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Virus (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruz" title="Viruz – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Viruz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firws" title="Firws – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Firws" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaaros" title="Vaaros – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Vaaros" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ڤيروس – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ڤيروس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viren" title="Viren – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Viren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ވައިރަސް – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވައިރަސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viirused" title="Viirused – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Viirused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ιός – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%88%D1%82" title="Кезовкшт – erjya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кезовкшт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erjya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruso_(biologio)" title="Viruso (biologio) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Viruso (biologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firus_(biology)" title="Firus (biology) – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Firus (biology)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADreas" title="Víreas – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Víreas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veerys" title="Veerys – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Veerys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ACoras" title="Bìoras – skotsk gaeliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bìoras" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gaeliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Вирусаш – ingusjiska" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Вирусаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%81" title="વિષાણુ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિષાણુ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phiang-thu%CC%8Dk" title="Phiang-thu̍k – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Phiang-thu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="바이러스 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바이러스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վիրուսներ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիրուսներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="विषाणु – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विषाणु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruso" title="Viruso – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Viruso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGciwanyane" title="IGciwanyane – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGciwanyane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veira" title="Veira – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Veira" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia) – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Virus (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A3" title="נגיף – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נגיף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%CA%8Ad%C9%94%C5%8B_s%C9%94t%CA%8A" title="Kʊdɔŋ sɔtʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kʊdɔŋ sɔtʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%81" title="ವೈರಾಣು – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವೈರಾಣು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვირუსები – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვირუსები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirus" title="Wirus – kasjubiska" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wirus" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вирустар – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Вирустар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – korniska" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viris" title="Viris – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Viris" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viris" title="Viris – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Viris" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%AErus" title="Vîrus – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Vîrus" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%8B%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A7%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B1%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%AA" title="ໄວຣັສ – laotiska" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໄວຣັສ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_biologicum" title="Virus biologicum – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Virus biologicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%ABruss" title="Vīruss – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vīruss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusas" title="Virusas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Virusas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – liguriska" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusse" title="Virusse – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Virusse" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vil%C3%BAsu" title="Vilúsu – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Vilúsu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vayiraasi" title="Vayiraasi – luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Vayiraasi" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biolojia)" title="Virus (biolojia) – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Virus (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virosy" title="Virosy – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Virosy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="വൈറസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൈറസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82" title="विषाणू – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विषाणू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ვირუსეფი – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვირუსეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فيروس – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيروس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="ဝဳရုသ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဝဳရုသ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng-d%C5%ADk" title="Bêng-dŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bêng-dŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ဗိုင်းရပ်စ် – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗိုင်းရပ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologie)" title="Virus (biologie) – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Virus (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="विषाणु – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विषाणु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="भाइरस – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भाइरस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="ウイルス – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウイルス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiiren" title="Wiiren – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wiiren" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AD%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%81" title="ଭୂତାଣୁ – oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଭୂତାଣୁ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaayirasii" title="Vaayirasii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Vaayirasii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82" title="ਵਿਸ਼ਾਣੂ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਸ਼ਾਣੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viren" title="Viren – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Viren" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirusy" title="Wirusy – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wirusy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – karakalpakiska" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1aw" title="Añaw – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Añaw" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Вирусы – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вирусы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia) – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Virus (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biolugg%C3%ACa)" title="Virus (bioluggìa) – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Virus (bioluggìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9B%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83" title="වෛරස – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෛරස" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayrus" title="Fayrus – somaliska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Fayrus" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%B3" title="ڤایرۆس – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤایرۆس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologija)" title="Virus (biologija) – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Virus (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virukset" title="Virukset – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Virukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF" title="தீநுண்மி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீநுண்மி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вируслар – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Вируслар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="వైరస్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వైరస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ไวรัส – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไวรัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вирусҳо – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Вирусҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ವೈರಸ್ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವೈರಸ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%BCs" title="Virüs – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Virüs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – tuviniska" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%89%D8%B1%DB%87%D8%B3" title="ۋىرۇس – uiguriska" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋىرۇس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghdoeg" title="Binghdoeg – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Binghdoeg" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(bio%C5%82ozia)" title="Virus (biołozia) – venetianska" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Virus (biołozia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%BBsse" title="Virûsse – vallonska" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Virûsse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – litterär kineiska" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="litterär kineiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1" title="ווירוס – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ווירוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88r%C3%A0n" title="Èràn – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èràn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virosos" title="Virosos – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Virosos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q808#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Virus" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Virus"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Virus"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Virus" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Virus" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&oldid=56289730" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Virus&id=56289730&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVirus"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVirus"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Virus"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Virus&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Virus" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Virus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q808" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas hatnote"> <dl><dd><i>Den här artikeln handlar om den biologiska enheten virus.  För andra betydelser, se <a href="/wiki/Virus_(olika_betydelser)" class="mw-disambig" title="Virus (olika betydelser)">Virus (olika betydelser)</a>.  </i></dd></dl></div> <div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas hatnote"> <dl><dd><i>Uppslagsordet ”Viral” leder hit.  För andra betydelser, se <a href="/wiki/Viral_(olika_betydelser)" class="mw-disambig" title="Viral (olika betydelser)">Viral (olika betydelser)</a>.</i></dd></dl></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r47640362">@media screen and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .infobox{display:block;width:100%!important}}</style><div class="infobox" style="clear:right;margin:0 0 0.4em 0.4em;background-color:#f9f9f9;float:right;padding:0 0.4em;border:1px solid #aaa;width:260px"><div style="background-color:LightGrey;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:0em 0.4;margin:0em 0;font-size:120%">Virus</div><div style="line-height:140%;text-align:center;margin:0.0em 0.4;padding-bottom:0.5em;padding:0.2em 0.4;vertical-align:text-top;font-size:90%">Minsta biologiska enheten som kan infektera levande organismer<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></div><div style="text-align:center;padding:0.0em 0.4"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/260px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/390px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/520px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="1739" /></a></span></div><table style="line-height:140%;table-layout:fixed;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;padding-bottom:0.5em;width:100%;hyphens:auto;font-size:90%"><caption style="background-color:LightGrey;margin-top:0.4em;font-weight:bold;margin:0.5em 0;padding:1em 1"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a></span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P31" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Underklass till</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Mikroorganism" title="Mikroorganism">mikroorganism</a></span>, <span><a href="/wiki/Patogen" title="Patogen">smittämne</a></span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P279" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Användning</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>virovory</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P366" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Aspekt av</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Virologi" title="Virologi">virologi</a></span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P1269" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top"><a href="/wiki/Vetenskapligt_namn" title="Vetenskapligt namn">Vetenskapligt namn</a></th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>Virus</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P225" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Taxonomisk rang</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%A4n_(biologi)" title="Domän (biologi)">domän</a></span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P105" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top"><a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">Nästa högre taxon</a></th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>liv</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P171" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4rg" title="Färg">Färg</a></th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>–</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P462" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Orsakar</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>viral infektionssjukdom</span>, <span>viral lunginflammation</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P1542" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Studeras inom</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Virologi" title="Virologi">virologi</a></span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P2579" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Shape Expression för klass</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>Entity schema not supported yet (E170)</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P12861" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:text-top">Har del(ar)</th><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:text-top"><span><span>virusgenom</span>, <span>kapsid</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808#P527" title="Redigera Wikidata"><img alt="Redigera Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/8px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/16px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Influenza_virus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Influenza_virus.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="190" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption>Mikroskopfoto av influensavirus (förstorat ungefär 70 000 gånger).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Virus</b> är de minsta biologiska enheterna som kan infektera levande <a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organismer</a>. Virus är <a href="/wiki/Parasit" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasit">parasiter</a> i <a href="/wiki/Cell" title="Cell">celler</a>. Ett virus som infekterar en värdcell omprogrammerar cellen så att cellen skapar fler viruspartiklar. Viruspartiklar består av <a href="/wiki/Nukleinsyra" title="Nukleinsyra">nukleinsyra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arvsmassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvsmassa">arvsmassa</a> i form av antingen <a href="/wiki/RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a> eller <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>), omslutet i ett proteinskal kallad kapsid (oftast formad som en <a href="/wiki/Ikosaeder" title="Ikosaeder">ikosaeder</a>) och ibland ett lipidhölje som täcker kapsiden. Utanför värdcellen är viruspartiklarna en inaktiv transportform.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studiet av virus kallas <a href="/wiki/Virologi" title="Virologi">virologi</a> och är en gren av <a href="/wiki/Mikrobiologi" title="Mikrobiologi">mikrobiologin</a>. </p><p>Olika biologer har olika syn på om virus kan betraktas som <a href="/wiki/Liv" title="Liv">levande</a> <a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organismer</a> eller icke-levande organiskt material, eftersom virus saknar egen <a href="/wiki/Cell" title="Cell">cellstruktur</a> och egen <a href="/wiki/%C3%84mnesoms%C3%A4ttning" class="mw-redirect" title="Ämnesomsättning">ämnesomsättning</a>, och eftersom virus inte kan reproducera sig utanför värdcellen och inte använder <a href="/wiki/Celldelning" title="Celldelning">celldelning</a> för att reproducera sig, utan reproduceras genom att ett stort antal viruspartiklar spontant sammanfogas i värdcellen. Virus betraktas av vissa biologer ändå som en egen livsform eftersom de har <a href="/wiki/Gen" title="Gen">gener</a> och reproducerar sig och utvecklas genom arv av <a href="/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation">mutationer</a> och <a href="/wiki/Naturligt_urval" title="Naturligt urval">naturligt urval</a>. Virus har beskrivits som "<a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organismer</a> i livets utkant",<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och som "ett mellanting mellan <a href="/wiki/Liv" title="Liv">levande</a> och <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6d" class="mw-redirect" title="Död">död</a> materia" eller som <i>obligata intracellulära <a href="/wiki/Parasit" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasit">parasiter</a></i> eller agenter som interagerar med levande organismer. Virus har jämförts med <a href="/wiki/Spontan_ordning" title="Spontan ordning">spontan ordning</a> vid själv-organiserande/själv-replikerande tillväxt av <a href="/wiki/Kristallisation" title="Kristallisation">kristaller</a>, vilka dock inte vidareutvecklas genom evolution.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid26965225_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26965225-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Virus kan infektera alla levande <a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organismer</a>. Ett specifikt virus kan bara infektera en viss typ av celler. Sjukdomar orsakade av virus kallas <a href="/wiki/Virussjukdomar" class="mw-redirect" title="Virussjukdomar">virussjukdomar</a> eller mer vetenskapligt <i>viroser</i>. Det finns minst 600 virus som kan infektera människor. Virus som infekterar bakterier kallas <a href="/wiki/Bakteriofag" title="Bakteriofag">bakteriofager</a>. </p><p>Virus sprids ofta via kroppsvätskor, luften, fysisk kontakt och avföring, direkt kontakt med smittokälla eller via luften i <a href="/wiki/Aerosol" title="Aerosol">aerosoler</a>. Då viruspartiklar inte är levande är många av dem mycket motståndskraftiga mot krävande miljöer både utanför och inne i kroppen. Kroppen bekämpar virusinfektioner genom att upptäcka och eliminera virusinfekterade celler. Särskilt det <a href="/wiki/Adaptiva_immunf%C3%B6rsvaret" class="mw-redirect" title="Adaptiva immunförsvaret">adaptiva immunförsvaret</a> bestående av <a href="/wiki/Lymfocyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymfocyter">lymfocyter</a> (T- och B-celler) är viktigt i skyddet mot virusinfektioner. Ett framgångsrikt virus har därför utvecklat mekanismer för att dölja sin existens för immunförsvaret. Det går att <a href="/wiki/Vaccin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaccin">vaccinera</a> mot en lång rad virussjukdomar och därmed öka kroppens beredskap för att bekämpa det aktuella viruset. </p><p>Människor har många virus som ligger <a href="/wiki/Latent_sjukdom" title="Latent sjukdom">latenta</a> i kroppen (exempelvis <a href="/wiki/Epstein-Barr-virus" title="Epstein-Barr-virus">Epstein-Barr-virus</a>), och hålls i schack av immunförsvaret. När immunförsvaret antingen är upptaget med annat eller nedsatt, som vid andra sjukdomar eller vid behandling med immunhämmande (immunosuppressiva) mediciner, kan sådana virus orsaka <a href="/wiki/Symptom" class="mw-redirect" title="Symptom">symptom</a>. Eftersom virus har lätt för att <a href="/wiki/Mutera" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutera">mutera</a> och därigenom skapa sätt att undgå medicinens verkningar, måste man ofta behandla med flera antivirala medel samtidigt. Eftersom många virus stimulerar de infekterade cellerna att dela sig, ökar vissa virus risken för <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Genterapi" title="Genterapi">genterapi</a> används virus som <a href="/wiki/Vektor_(genteknik)" title="Vektor (genteknik)">vektorer</a>, det vill säga för att bära den relevanta genen in i cellen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint huvudartikel hatnote" style="font-style:italic;"> <dl><dd>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Virologins_historia" title="Virologins historia">Virologins historia</a></dd></dl></div> <p>Virussjukdomen <a href="/wiki/Polio" title="Polio">polio</a> finns dokumenterad från <a href="/wiki/Farao" title="Farao">faraonernas</a> <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a> tack vare <a href="/wiki/Hieroglyfer" title="Hieroglyfer">hieroglyfer</a>. År <a href="/wiki/1796" title="1796">1796</a> upptäckte <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jenner" title="Edward Jenner">Edward Jenner</a> att en mjölkerska som tidigare hade haft <a href="/wiki/Kokoppor" title="Kokoppor">kokoppor</a> var immun mot <a href="/wiki/Smittkoppor" title="Smittkoppor">smittkoppor</a>. Denna insikt ledde till att man lyckades ta fram ett <a href="/wiki/Vaccin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaccin">vaccin</a> mot smittkoppor. I slutet av <a href="/wiki/1800-talet" title="1800-talet">1800-talet</a> utvecklades <a href="/wiki/Mikrobteorin" title="Mikrobteorin">mikrobteorin</a> av <a href="/wiki/John_Snow" title="John Snow">John Snow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Pasteur" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a> och <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Robert Koch</a> som säger att mikroorganismer kan orsaka sjukdomar. Dessförinnan hade <a href="/wiki/Miasmateorin" title="Miasmateorin">miasmateorin</a> för sjukdomar dominerat. </p><p>År 1892 tillverkade den ryske botanisten Ivanovsky ett extrakt från tobaksplantor som var infekterade av växtsjukdomen tobaksmosaik. Därefter lät han extrakt passera genom ett filter för att kunna få fram den mikrob som låg bakom sjukdomen. När han studerade sitt filtrerade extrakt genom mikroskop märkte han att det inte fanns några bakterier – dock kunde extraktet ändå överföra sjukdomen tobaksmosaik till friska tobaksplantor. Ivanovsky drog då slutsatsen att något mindre än bakterier måste orsaka sjukdomen. År 1889 blev den holländske vetenskapsmannen Beijernick först med att mynta ordet virus (latin för gift), för att tydligt beskriva detta starka infektiösa ämne.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed" title="Walter Reed">Walter Reed</a> kom <a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a> fram till att <a href="/wiki/Gula_febern" title="Gula febern">gula febern</a> som vållade stora problem vid byggandet av <a href="/wiki/Panamakanalen" title="Panamakanalen">Panamakanalen</a> orsakades av en <a href="/wiki/Mygga" class="mw-redirect" title="Mygga">mygga</a> och därmed enkelt gick att skydda sig mot. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ernst Ruskas</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Knoll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Knoll [inte skriven än]">Max Knolls</a> uppfinning av <a href="/wiki/Elektronmikroskop" title="Elektronmikroskop">elektronmikroskopet</a> 1931 banade vägen för ökad förståelse av virus, eftersom de i allmänhet är för små för att kunna studeras med <a href="/wiki/Ljusmikroskop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ljusmikroskop">ljusmikroskop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> År 1935 studerade den amerikanske biokemisten och virologen <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Stanley" title="Wendell Stanley">Wendell Stanley</a> tobaksmosaiksviruset och kom fram till att det till stor del bestod av protein.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senare separerades detta virus i sina protein- respektive RNA-delar.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tobaksmosaikviruset var också det första virus som kristalliserades och vars struktur därför kunde studeras i detalj med <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgendiffraktion" class="mw-redirect" title="Röntgendiffraktion">röntgendiffraktion</a>. De första bilderna av detta slag togs fram av Bernal och Fankuchen 1941. <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a> lyckades 1955 kartlägga hela detta virus struktur.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18702397_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18702397-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struktur">Struktur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Struktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Struktur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Virus-types.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Virus-types.png/300px-Virus-types.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Virus-types.png/450px-Virus-types.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Virus-types.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>Några olika virusmorfologier. Bakteriofagen (vänster) har en komplex form, medan virusen till höger har enklare former. Viruset uppe till vänster är <a href="/wiki/Ikosaeder" title="Ikosaeder">ikosaederformat</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Virus förekommer i olika storlekar och former, <a href="/wiki/Morfologi_(biologi)" title="Morfologi (biologi)">morfologier</a>. Ett typiskt virus är ungefär 100 gånger mindre än en bakterie. De flesta studerade virus har en diameter mellan 10 och 300 <a href="/wiki/Nanometer" title="Nanometer">nanometer</a>. </p><p>En fullständig viruspartikel (virion) består dels av genetiskt material i form av en nukleinsyra, <a href="/wiki/RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a> eller <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, som antingen är dubbelsträngat (ds) eller enkelsträngat (ss) samt linjärt eller cirkulärt. Nukleinsyran omges av ett skyddande proteinskal (kapsid). Skalet består av ett antal identiska proteinenheter som var och en kallas kapsomer. Koden för detta protein finns i virusets genetiska material (nukleinsyran), och tillverkas i värdcellen efter att den infekterats av ett virus. Vissa viruspartiklar har också ett yttre <a href="/wiki/Lipidh%C3%B6lje" title="Lipidhölje">lipidhölje</a> uppbyggt av <a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">lipider</a> som kommer från värdcellens <a href="/wiki/Cellmembran" title="Cellmembran">cellmembran</a>. Virus med lipidhölje kallas höljevirus, virus utan hölje kallas nakna virus. Vissa virus har även utskott på höljet som taggar bestående av <a href="/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein">glykoproteiner</a>. Dessa används bland annat för att fästa till <a href="/wiki/Receptor" title="Receptor">receptorer</a> på värdcellen. De flesta virus som sprids fekalt-oralt saknar hölje. </p><p>Kapsidens form används för att karaktärisera olika virus. Vanliga virusmorfologier är <a href="/wiki/Helix" title="Helix">helix</a>-form (spiralform) och <a href="/wiki/Ikosaeder" title="Ikosaeder">ikosaeder</a>-form (20-sidig <a href="/wiki/Polyeder" title="Polyeder">polyeder</a>). Utöver dessa finns komplexa former som består av flera sammansatta delar. Till exempel den binala formen hos bakteriofagerna (virus som infekterar bakterier). Den kan liknas vid en mekanisk spindel med ett polyedriskt huvud av kapsomerer (kapsiden) som nukleinsyran är inkapslad i och därefter en skida (stav) med svansar av fibrer som fyller funktionen att fästa vid bakteriens hölje. Bakteriofagerna lämnar nästan alltid sin struktur utanför och skjuter enbart in sin nukleinsyra i bakterien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arvsmassa">Arvsmassa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Arvsmassa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Arvsmassa"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Virusets egna gener <a href="/wiki/Genetiska_koden" title="Genetiska koden">kodar</a> för ett fåtal <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a>. Till de proteinerna hör de som ingår i virusets skal, proteiner som hjälper viruset att infektera celler och proteiner som ställer om cellen från dess normala funktion till att bli en virusfabrik. </p><p>DNA-virus bär på färdiga DNA-molekyler som tar sig in i <a href="/wiki/Cellk%C3%A4rna" title="Cellkärna">cellkärnan</a> och använder cellens mekanismer för att föröka sig. Undantag är bland annat poxvirus (så som <a href="/wiki/Smittkoppor" title="Smittkoppor">smittkoppsvirus</a>) som helt <a href="/wiki/Replikation" title="Replikation">replikerar</a> sig i <a href="/wiki/Cytoplasma" title="Cytoplasma">cytoplasman</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och <a href="/wiki/Hepatit_B" title="Hepatit B">hepatit B</a>-virus som <a href="/wiki/Translation_(biologi)" title="Translation (biologi)">translateras</a> i cytoplasman från en RNA-intermediär (som har <a href="/wiki/Transkription_(genetik)" title="Transkription (genetik)">transkriberats</a> i cellkärnan utifrån hepatit B-virusets DNA).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DNA-virus är antingen dubbelsträngade (dsDNA) eller enkelsträngade (ssDNA). De sistnämnda bildar efterhand dsDNA. Allmänt sett är DNA-virus stabilare än RNA-virus och ger därmed högre risk för smitta. Risken att smittas av RNA-viruset <a href="/wiki/HIV" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV">HIV</a> vid samlag är till exempel betydligt mindre än att smittas av DNA-viruset hepatit B. </p><p>Nästan alla RNA-virus replikeras i cytoplasman. +RNA (<a href="/wiki/MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a>) kan direkt <a href="/wiki/Proteinsyntes#Translation" title="Proteinsyntes">translateras</a> av fria <a href="/wiki/Ribosom" title="Ribosom">ribosomer</a> och producera <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a> som viruset behöver. Ett -RNA-virus (komplementär till mRNA) har med sig <a href="/wiki/RNA-polymeras" title="RNA-polymeras">polymeras</a> när det tränger in i cellen för att kunna skapa +RNA (mRNA). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Förökning"><span id="F.C3.B6r.C3.B6kning"></span>Förökning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Förökning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Förökning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>För varje virus ingår följande steg i dess livscykel:<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Adsorption till cellytan<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Passage genom cellmembranet<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Avkapsling av kapsiden<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Replikation av virionens nukleinsyra<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Syntes av virusprotein<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sammansättning av virionens komponenter till nya viruspartiklar<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Frisläppande av nya viruspartiklar<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p><i>Adsorption</i> betyder att virionen fäster vid värdcellens yta. Olika virus använder olika metoder för att komma in i en värdcell. Växtvirus kommer alltid in i cellen via skador på cellväggen. Animala virus fäster vid specifika ytreceptorer på värdcellen, som medför att virus är artspecifika. Fager (liknar en spindel till formen) fäster med benen till ytreceptorer och skjuter samtidigt in sin nukleinsyra i värdcellen, varvid kapsiden lämnar ytan.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Passagen</i> för animala virus med hölje sker genom endocytos, en process där viruspartikeln tas in i cellen i en vesikel. Den membranförsedda vesikeln sammansmälter med en lysosom vilket innebär att viruset blir av med sitt hölje och endast den kapsidinneslutna nukleinsyran blir kvar. För membranförsedda virus sker passagen genom direkt fusion, då virusets membran smälter samman med värdcellens membran så att hela nukleokapsiden tar sig in. För bakteriofagen gäller i allmänhet att endast nukleinsyran från huvudet skjuts in i cytoplasman genom svansen. Nakna animala virus (utan hölje) kan genom en process släppa sin nukleinsyra direkt in i <a href="/wiki/Cytoplasma" title="Cytoplasma">cytoplasman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I <i>avkapslingen</i> bryts virusets proteinkapsel ner och virusets arvsmassa släpps fri. Det är förmodligen värdcellens egna proteaser som är ansvariga för denna nedbrytning, och förekommer endast hos de som kommer in i cellen som hela virioner, det vill säga växtvirus samt de flesta animala virus.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Replikationen</i> av nukleinsyran kan ske på olika sätt och beror på nukleinsyran. En del virus har ett eget nukleinsyrapolymeras fasthakat vid nukleinsyran som sköter den första replikeringen av <a href="/wiki/Genom" title="Genom">arvsmassan</a>, därefter tar värdcellens syntesmaskineri över. Andra virus (de flesta) är helt beroende av cellens syntesmaskineri. För ssDNA görs först en komplementär DNA-sträng. Det dubbelsträngade DNA:t cirkuleras sedan och replikeras genom det som kallas rullande cirkel-mekanismen. Innan viruspartiklarna sätts samman förstörs då den ena DNA-strängen. dsDNA replikeras också via rullande cirkel-mekanism, och dsRNA replikeras på ungefär samma sätt som dsDNA-virus. För ssRNA kan replikationen antingen ske genom att den ursprungliga RNA-strängen kopieras så att det bildas dsRNA, som sedan replikeras som dsRNA-virus. Eller (som hos retrovirus) översätts RNA-strängen till DNA med hjälp av enzymet <a href="/wiki/Omv%C3%A4nt_transkriptas" title="Omvänt transkriptas">omvänt transkriptas</a>. Den bildade DNA-strängen bildar mall för ytterligare en komplementär DNA-sträng. Det nybildade dsDNA:t kan därefter integreras i värdcellens genom, då kallas det provirus.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All information för <i>syntes</i> av nya virus finns i virusets nukleinsyra som kodar för detta, men utnyttjar värdcellens ribosomer för processen. Först sker transkription av nukleinsyran till <a href="/wiki/MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a>. Sedan translateras mRNA vid ribosomen till protein som i sin tur bildar den nya proteinkapseln.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hos många fager sker <i>sammansättningen</i> av viruspartikeln helt spontant, genom att proteinkapsomererna bildar en kapsid som nukleinsyran packas in i. De flesta virus med hölje får detta genom att en bit av värdcellens cellmembran omsluter nukleokapsiden i samband med att viruset lämnar cellen. DNA-virus får sitt hölje från det inre kärnmembranet i värdcellen.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Frisläppandet</i> av nya viruspartiklar sker på olika sätt beroende på om viruset är naket eller höljeförsett. Nakna virus släpps ut ur värdcellen när den dör (lyserar) då cellmembranet brister, och viruspartiklarna frigörs. När däremot ett virus med hölje ska lämna cellen måste viruspartiklarna kläs i ett membranhölje. Det får viruspartikeln när den knoppas av cellmembranet genom <a href="/wiki/Exocytos" title="Exocytos">exocytos</a>, detta frisläppande sker gradvis.<sup id="cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lippincott2007-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ehinger_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ehinger-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bioteknik2008_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bioteknik2008-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mikrobiologi2007_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mikrobiologi2007-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klassificering">Klassificering</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Klassificering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Klassificering"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Klassificering av virus sker på ett par olika sätt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ICTV-klassificeringen">ICTV-klassificeringen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: ICTV-klassificeringen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: ICTV-klassificeringen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_on_Taxonomy_of_Viruses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses [inte skriven än]">International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses</a> (ICTV) har utvecklat ett system för klassificering av virus. Systemet är uppbyggt av hierarkier. ICTV:s klassificering år 2020 innefattar 6 realmer, 10 riken, 17 fyla, 2 subfyla, 39 klasser, 59 ordningar, 8 underordningar, 189 familjer, 136 underfamiljer, 2224 släkten, 70 undersläkten och 9110 arter.<sup id="cite_ref-ictv2020_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ictv2020-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/Taxonomi" title="Taxonomi">taxonomiska</a> strukturen visas nedan med taxonomisk rang och dess <a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">suffix</a> i efterföljande parentes. ICTV:s uppdatering år 2020 av klassificeringen lämnar underrealm, underrike och underklass oanvända, medan de övriga taxonomiska rang används.<sup id="cite_ref-ictv2020_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ictv2020-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Realm_(virologi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realm (virologi)">Realm</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%A4n_(biologi)" title="Domän (biologi)">domän</a>) (<i>-viria</i>) <dl><dd>Underrealm (<i>-vira</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rike_(biologi)" title="Rike (biologi)">Rike</a> (<i>-virae</i>) <dl><dd>Underrike (<i>-virites</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Fylum" title="Fylum">Fylum</a> (<i>-viricota</i>) <dl><dd>Underfylum (<i>-viricotina</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Klass_(biologi)" title="Klass (biologi)">Klass</a> (<i>-viricetes</i>) <dl><dd>Underklass (<i>-viricetidae</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ordning_(biologi)" title="Ordning (biologi)">Ordning</a> (<i>-virales</i>) <dl><dd>Underordning (<i>-virineae</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Familj_(biologi)" title="Familj (biologi)">Familj</a> (<i>-viridae</i>) <dl><dd>Underfamilj (<i>-virinae</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A4kte" title="Släkte">Släkte</a> (genus) (<i>-virus</i>) <dl><dd>Undersläkte (<i>-virus</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">Art</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baltimore-klassificeringen">Baltimore-klassificeringen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Baltimore-klassificeringen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Baltimore-klassificeringen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/250px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/375px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/500px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>Baltimore-klassificeringen av virus baseras på virusets metod för mRNA-syntes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ett annat system uppfanns av <a href="/wiki/Nobelpris" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobelpris">nobelpristagaren</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">David Baltimore</a> och döptes efter honom till Baltimore-klassificeringen där sju olika grupper används beroende på hur viruset replikerar sig.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Systemet för Baltimore-klassificeringen baseras på vilken mekanism viruset använder för att skapa <a href="/wiki/MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a> som krävs för att virus ska kunna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Replikera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Replikera [inte skriven än]">replikera</a> och föröka sig. Virusets <a href="/wiki/Genom" title="Genom">genom</a> kan bestå av <a href="/wiki/Nukleinsyra" title="Nukleinsyra">nukleinsyrorna</a> <a href="/wiki/RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a> eller <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, de kan vara enkelsträngade (ss) eller dubbelsträngade (ds), och vissa virus använder <a href="/wiki/Omv%C3%A4nt_transkriptas" title="Omvänt transkriptas">omvänt transkriptas</a>. ssRNA-virus kan vara sense (+), vilket betyder att virusets nukleinsyra (RNA) har en <a href="/wiki/Nukleotid" title="Nukleotid">nukleotidsekvens</a> som direkt kan användas för <a href="/wiki/Translation_(biologi)" title="Translation (biologi)">translation</a> till virus<a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>, eller antisense (-), vilket betyder att virusets RNA har en nukleotidsekvens som är komplement till den mRNA-sekvens som kan användas för translation till virusprotein.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>I: <a href="/wiki/DNA-virus" title="DNA-virus">dsDNA-virus</a></li> <li>II: <a href="/wiki/DNA-virus" title="DNA-virus">ssDNA-virus</a></li> <li>III: <a href="/wiki/RNA-virus" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-virus">dsRNA-virus</a></li> <li>IV: <a href="/wiki/RNA-virus" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-virus">(+)ssRNA-virus</a></li> <li>V: <a href="/wiki/RNA-virus" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-virus">(-)ssRNA-virus</a></li> <li>VI:<a href="/wiki/RNA-virus" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-virus">ssRNA-RT-virus</a></li> <li>VII: <a href="/wiki/DNA-virus" title="DNA-virus">dsDNA-RT-virus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Läkemedel"><span id="L.C3.A4kemedel"></span>Läkemedel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Läkemedel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Läkemedel"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det finns flera typer av läkemedel mot virus, <a href="/wiki/Antivirala_medel" class="mw-redirect" title="Antivirala medel">antivirala medel</a>. Generellt sett ligger området långt efter medel mot <a href="/wiki/Bakterier" title="Bakterier">bakterier</a> – det första antivirala medlet godkändes först 1983. Området har satt fart tack vare den intensiva forskningen på <a href="/wiki/HIV" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV">HIV</a>. Antivirala medel kan till exempel hindra virus från att sätta sig fast och tränga in i cellerna, eller hämma virusets förökning (<a href="/wiki/Replikation" title="Replikation">replikation</a>). De kan också gå ut på att stimulera kroppens <a href="/wiki/Immunf%C3%B6rsvar" title="Immunförsvar">immunförsvar</a>. Många medel mot HIV, så kallade proteashämmare, blockerar virusets enzymer (<a href="/wiki/Proteas" title="Proteas">proteaser</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakterier" title="Bakterier">Bakterier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoonos" title="Zoonos">Zoonos</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/virus">”virus - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>. <i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/virus">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/virus</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 19 maj 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=virus+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&rft.atitle=www.ne.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fvirus&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal">”The classification of organisms at the edge of life, or problems with virus systematics”. <i>South African Journal of Science</i> 86: sid. 182–86. 1990.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+classification+of+organisms+at+the+edge+of+life%2C+or+problems+with+virus+systematics&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Science&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=86&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B182%E2%80%9386&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid26965225-3"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid26965225_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5406846">”Are viruses alive? The replicator paradigm sheds decisive light on an old but misguided question”</a>. <i>Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences</i> 59: sid. 125–34. October 2016. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.shpsc.2016.02.016">10.1016/j.shpsc.2016.02.016</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1369-8486">1369-8486</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965225?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:26965225">PMID 26965225</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Are+viruses+alive%3F+The+replicator+paradigm+sheds+decisive+light+on+an+old+but+misguided+question&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+History+and+Philosophy+of+Biological+and+Biomedical+Sciences&rft.date=October+2016&rft.volume=59&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B125%E2%80%9334&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.shpsc.2016.02.016&rft_id=info:pmid/26965225&rft.issn=1369-8486&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFEhinger,_Magnus_och_Ekenstierna,_Linda">Ehinger, Magnus och Ekenstierna, Linda. <i><span>Bioteknik – från protein till DNA</span></i>. 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"Disintegration of tobacco mosaic virus in urea solutions". <i>Science</i> 89, pp. 345–347 <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17788438">17788438</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid18702397-8"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid18702397_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFCreager_AN,_Morgan_GJ2008">Creager AN, Morgan GJ (7 mars 2008). ”After the double helix: Rosalind Franklin's research on Tobacco mosaic virus”. <i>Isis</i> "99" (2): ss. 239–72. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18702397?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:18702397">PMID 18702397</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 16 september 2008</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=After+the+double+helix%3A+Rosalind+Franklin%27s+research+on+Tobacco+mosaic+virus&rft.jtitle=Isis&rft.aulast=Creager+AN%2C+Morgan+GJ&rft.au=Creager+AN%2C+Morgan+GJ&rft.date=7+mars+2008&rft.volume=%2299%22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=ss.%26nbsp%3B239%E2%80%9372&rft_id=info:pmid/18702397&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFMutsafiZaubermanSabanayMinsky2010-03-30">Mutsafi, Yael; Zauberman, Nathan; Sabanay, Ilana; Minsky, Abraham (2010-03-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851855/">”Vaccinia-like cytoplasmic replication of the giant Mimivirus”</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i> 107 (13): sid. 5978–5982. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0912737107">10.1073/pnas.0912737107</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0027-8424">0027-8424</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20231474?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:20231474">PMID 20231474</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMCPMC2851855">PMC2851855</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851855/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851855/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 13 september 2018</span>.  ”Poxviruses are considered to be unique among all DNA viruses, because their infection cycle is carried out exclusively in the host cytoplasm.”.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vaccinia-like+cytoplasmic+replication+of+the+giant+Mimivirus&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.aulast=Mutsafi&rft.aufirst=Yael&rft.au=Mutsafi%2C+Yael&rft.au=Zauberman%2C+Nathan&rft.au=Sabanay%2C+Ilana&rft.au=Minsky%2C+Abraham&rft.date=2010-03-30&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B5978%E2%80%935982&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0912737107&rft_id=info:pmid/20231474&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2851855%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFTolonenDoglioSchleichLocker2001-7">Tolonen, Nina; Doglio, Laura; Schleich, Sibylle; Locker, Jacomine Krijnse (2001-7). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC55651/">”Vaccinia Virus DNA Replication Occurs in Endoplasmic Reticulum-enclosed Cytoplasmic Mini-Nuclei”</a>. <i>Molecular Biology of the Cell</i> 12 (7): sid. 2031–2046. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.12.7.2031">10.1091/mbc.12.7.2031</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1059-1524">1059-1524</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11452001?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:11452001">PMID 11452001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMCPMC55651">PMC55651</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC55651/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC55651/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 13 september 2018</span>.  ”Poxviruses are unique among most DNA viruses in that DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm, independent of the nucleus of the infected host cell.”.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vaccinia+Virus+DNA+Replication+Occurs+in+Endoplasmic+Reticulum-enclosed+Cytoplasmic+Mini-Nuclei&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+of+the+Cell&rft.aulast=Tolonen&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.au=Tolonen%2C+Nina&rft.au=Doglio%2C+Laura&rft.au=Schleich%2C+Sibylle&rft.au=Locker%2C+Jacomine+Krijnse&rft.date=2001-7&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B2031%E2%80%932046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1091%2Fmbc.12.7.2031&rft_id=info:pmid/11452001&rft.issn=1059-1524&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC55651%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFLamontagneBaggaBouchard2016">Lamontagne, R. Jason; Bagga, Sumedha; Bouchard, Michael J. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198785/">”Hepatitis B virus molecular biology and pathogenesis”</a>. <i>Hepatoma research</i> 2: sid. 163–186. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.20517%2F2394-5079.2016.05">10.20517/2394-5079.2016.05</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2394-5079">2394-5079</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28042609?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:28042609">PMID 28042609</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMCPMC5198785">PMC5198785</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198785/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198785/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 13 september 2018</span>.  ”After release from the viral envelope, the nucleocapsid is then transported to the nucleus where the genome is repaired to form covalently-closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Using cccDNA as the template, viral RNAs are transcribed and exported into the cytoplasm where they are translated to form the viral proteins.”.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hepatitis+B+virus+molecular+biology+and+pathogenesis&rft.jtitle=Hepatoma+research&rft.aulast=Lamontagne&rft.aufirst=R.+Jason&rft.au=Lamontagne%2C+R.+Jason&rft.au=Bagga%2C+Sumedha&rft.au=Bouchard%2C+Michael+J.&rft.date=2016&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B163%E2%80%93186&rft_id=info:doi/10.20517%2F2394-5079.2016.05&rft_id=info:pmid/28042609&rft.issn=2394-5079&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5198785%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lippincott2007-12">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-6"><small>g</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-7"><small>h</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-8"><small>i</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-9"><small>j</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-10"><small>k</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-11"><small>l</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-12"><small>m</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-13"><small>n</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lippincott2007_12-14"><small>o</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFFisherHarveyChampe2007">Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. 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Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://med-mu.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/lippincotts_microbiology.pdf">originalet</a> den 22 oktober 2020<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022124451/http://med-mu.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/lippincotts_microbiology.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20201022124451/http://med-mu.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/lippincotts_microbiology.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 juni 2021</span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lippincott%27s+Illustrated+Reviews%3A+Microbiology&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Bruce&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Richard+P.&rft.au=Champe%2C+Pamela+C.&rft.date=2007&rft.series=Lippincott%27s+Illustrated+Reviews+Series&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B236%E2%80%93243&rft.edition=2&rft.place=Hagerstown%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.isbn=978-0-7817-8215-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20201022124451%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fmed-mu.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F06%2Flippincotts_microbiology.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022124451/http://med-mu.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/lippincotts_microbiology.pdf">Arkiverad</a> 22 oktober 2020 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ehinger-13"><a href="#cite_ref-Ehinger_13-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ehinger.nu/undervisning/">”Magnus Ehingers undervisning”</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ehinger.nu/undervisning/">http://www.ehinger.nu/undervisning/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 30 januari 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Magnus+Ehingers+undervisning&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehinger.nu%2Fundervisning%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bioteknik2008-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Bioteknik2008_14-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFEhinger,_Magnus_och_Ekenstierna,_Linda">Ehinger, Magnus och Ekenstierna, Linda. <i><span>Bioteknik – från DNA till protein</span></i>. 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Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/">originalet</a> den 20 mars 2020<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200320103754/https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy">https://web.archive.org/web/20200320103754/https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 juni 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Virus+Taxonomy%3A+2020+Release&rft.atitle=&rft.date=oktober+2020&rft.pub=International+Committee+on+Taxonomy+of+Viruses+%28ICTV%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200320103754%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Ftalk.ictvonline.org%2Ftaxonomy&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130330144456/http://www.virology.net/Big_Virology/BVFamilyGroup.html">”Family Groups – The Baltimore Method”</a>. virology.net. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virology.net/Big_Virology/BVFamilyGroup.html">originalet</a> den 30 mars 2013<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130330144456/http://www.virology.net/Big_Virology/BVFamilyGroup.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20130330144456/http://www.virology.net/Big_Virology/BVFamilyGroup.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 21 maj 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Family+Groups+%E2%80%93+The+Baltimore+Method&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=virology.net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20130330144456%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.virology.net%2FBig_Virology%2FBVFamilyGroup.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186216/">”The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks”</a>. <i>Nature Microbiology</i> 5 (5): sid. 668–674. 2020. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41564-020-0709-x">10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2058-5276">2058-5276</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32341570?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:32341570">PMID 32341570</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186216">7186216</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186216/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186216/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 juni 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+new+scope+of+virus+taxonomy%3A+partitioning+the+virosphere+into+15+hierarchical+ranks&rft.jtitle=Nature+Microbiology&rft.date=2020&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B668%E2%80%93674&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41564-020-0709-x&rft_id=info:pmid/32341570&rft.issn=2058-5276&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7186216%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bio.libretexts.org/@go/page/9868">”9.3B: The Baltimore Virus Classification”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>Biology LibreTexts</span></i>. 3 januari 2021<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://bio.libretexts.org/@go/page/9868">https://bio.libretexts.org/@go/page/9868</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 juni 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=9.3B%3A+The+Baltimore+Virus+Classification&rft.atitle=Biology+LibreTexts&rft.date=3+januari+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.libretexts.org%2F%40go%2Fpage%2F9868&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Virus"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xt" class="mw-redirect" title="Växt">växter</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fauna" title="Fauna">fauna</a> (<a href="/wiki/Djur" title="Djur">djur</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Funga" title="Funga">funga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Svampar" title="Svampar">svampar</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Protister" title="Protister">protister</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Prokaryoter" title="Prokaryoter">Prokaryoter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ark%C3%A9er" title="Arkéer">arkéer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bakterier" title="Bakterier">bakterier</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Virus</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><b><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img 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href="/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata">Auktoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> • <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143833">sh85143833</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4063589-2">4063589-2</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938341t">cb11938341t</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938341t">(data)</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Nationella_parlamentsbiblioteket" title="Nationella parlamentsbiblioteket">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560678">00560678</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Tjeckiska_nationalbiblioteket" title="Tjeckiska nationalbiblioteket">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116578&CON_LNG=ENG">ph116578</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Spaniens_nationalbibliotek" title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX527219">XX527219</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950" /><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="navbox-inner" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";letter-spacing:0.1px;;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Taxonomy" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:WikiProject Taxonomy">Katalogdata</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span>•<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/5006">5006</a></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span>•<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/8">8</a></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span>•<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Inaturalist" title="Inaturalist">Inaturalist</a>:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/131236">131236</a></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span>•<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=10239">10239</a></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span>•<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><a href="/wiki/WoRMS" class="mw-redirect" title="WoRMS">WoRMS</a>:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> </span><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10">10</a></span> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virus&oldid=56289730">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virus&oldid=56289730</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" 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