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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Shakespeare</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 14 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – zachodniofryzyjski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zachodniofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Шекспир, Джон – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шекспир, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="約翰·莎士比亞 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="約翰·莎士比亞" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q719706#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja:John_Shakespeare&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Shakespeare%27s_birthplace,_April_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg/200px-Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg/300px-Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg/400px-Shakespeare%27s_birthplace%2C_April_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Dom nabyty przez Johna Shakespeare’a, w którym później urodził się jego syn, <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Shakespeare1COA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shakespeare1COA.png/130px-Shakespeare1COA.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shakespeare1COA.png/195px-Shakespeare1COA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shakespeare1COA.png/260px-Shakespeare1COA.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="871" /></a><figcaption>Herb, który radny miejski otrzymał w 1596 roku<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>John Shakespeare</b> (ur. 1529, zm. ok. 1601) – <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">angielski</a> rękawicznik, posiadacz ziemski i radny miejski w <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, ojciec <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Williama Shakespeare’a</a>. Prawdopodobnie ukryty <a href="/wiki/Katolicyzm" title="Katolicyzm">katolik</a>. </p><p>Podobnie jak o jego synu, Williamie, o Johnie wiadomo niewiele. Prawdopodobnie był synem <i>Richarda Shakespeare’a</i> ze Snitterfield, który w zamian za służbę dla <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3l" title="Król">króla</a> <a href="/wiki/Henryk_VII_Tudor" title="Henryk VII Tudor">Henryka VII</a> otrzymał nadanie ziemskie. </p><p>Na początku swojej kariery odnosił liczne sukcesy. 2 października 1556 wszedł w posiadanie domu przy Henley Street w <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford</a> (tam później urodził się William). Poślubił <a href="/wiki/Mary_Arden" title="Mary Arden">Mary Arden</a>, członkinię znanego i bogatego lokalnego rodu. Nie jest znana data ich ślubu, przyjmuje się, że miało to miejsce ok. 1557 roku. Mieli ośmioro dzieci, z których trójka zmarła wcześnie: </p> <ul><li>Joan (1558 – 1569)</li> <li>Margaret (1562 – 1563)</li> <li>William (1564 – 1616)</li> <li>Gilbert (1566 – 1611)</li> <li>Joan (1569 – 1646)</li> <li>Anne (1571 – 1579)</li> <li>Richard (1574 – 1612)</li> <li>Edmund (1580 – 1607).</li></ul> <p>W 1564 John został radnym miejskim, jest to zarazem rok narodzin jego syna, Williama. W 1568 roku otrzymał tytuł <i>Wysokiego Zarządcy</i>. </p><p>Później jednak jego sytuacja się pogorszyła. Miał zatarg z prawem, co doprowadziło do tego, że utracił przywileje związane z byciem radnym. Oskarżano go także o nielegalny <a href="/wiki/Handel" title="Handel">handel</a> <a href="/wiki/We%C5%82na" title="Wełna">wełną</a> - produkował rękawice, więc opłacalne było dla niego unikanie pośredników. Ostatnia wzmianka o nim pochodzi z 1597 roku, kiedy to pewną posiadłość kupił od niego <i>George Badger</i>. Prawdopodobnie umarł wkrótce po tym. </p><p>W XVIII w. na poddaszu jednego z budynków przy Henley Street w Stratford znaleziono dokument, w którym John Shakespeare zobowiązywał się, że w głębi duszy zawsze pozostanie <a href="/wiki/Katolicyzm" title="Katolicyzm">katolikiem</a>. Opisał go badacz Edmund Malone, lecz dokument ten zaginął, przez co jego autentyczność pozostaje nieweryfikowalna. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Shakespeare&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Shakespeare&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bibliografia"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Stanisław Helsztyński: <i>Shakespeare</i>. Warszawa: Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1974.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare&rft.aulast=Helszty%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Stanis%C5%82aw&rft.pub=Ludowa+Sp%C3%B3%C5%82dzielnia+Wydawnicza&rft.place=Warszawa"></span></cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Shakespeare&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Shakespeare&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Shakespeare</i>, str. 115</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-p"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">osoba</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000382322718">0000000382322718</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/265362578">265362578</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/no2008181951">no2008181951</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/11948322X">11948322X</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">OBIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/58849">58849</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007369094405171">987007369094405171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Shakespeare">biography/John-Shakespeare</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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