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fertility status.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: soil fertility status."> <meta name="keywords" content="soil fertility status."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="soil fertility status."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1395</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: soil fertility status.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1365</span> Effect of Marginal Quality Groundwater on Yield of Cotton Crop and Soil Salinity Status</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Qureshi">Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20L."> A. L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahessar%20A.%20A."> Mahessar A. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dashti"> Dashti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20K."> R. K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasin%20S.%20M."> Yasin S. M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, effect of marginal quality groundwater on yield of cotton crop and soil salinity was studied. In this connection, three irrigation treatments each with four replications were applied. These treatments were i) use of canal water (T1), ii) use of marginal quality groundwater from tubewell (T2), and iii) conjunctive use by mixing with the ratio of 1:1 of canal water and marginal quality tubewell water (T3). Water was applied to the crop cultivated in Kharif season 2011; its quantity has been measured using cut-throat flume. Total 11 watering each of 50 mm depth have been applied from 20th April to 20th July, 2011. Further, irrigations were stopped due to monsoon rainfall up to crop harvesting. Maximum crop yield (seed cotton) was observed under T1 which was 1,517 kg/ha followed by T3 (mixed canal and tubewell water) having 1009 kg/ha and T2 i.e. marginal quality groundwater having 709 kg/ha. This concludes that crop yield in T2 and T3 in comparison to T1was reduced by about 53 and 30% respectively. It has been observed that yield of cotton crop is below potential limit for three treatments due to unexpected rainfall at the time of full flowering season; thus the yield was adversely affected. However, salt deposition in soil profiles was not observed that is due to leaching effect of heavy rainfall occurred during monsoon season.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Conjunctive%20Use" title="Conjunctive Use">Conjunctive Use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cotton%20Crop" title=" Cotton Crop"> Cotton Crop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Groundwater" title=" Groundwater"> Groundwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%0D%0ASalinity%20Status" title=" Soil Salinity Status"> Soil Salinity Status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water%20Use%20Efficiency%20%28WUE%29." title=" Water Use Efficiency (WUE)."> Water Use Efficiency (WUE).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/effect-of-marginal-quality-groundwater-on-yield-of-cotton-crop-and-soil-salinity-status" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1364</span> Soil Respiration Rate of Laurel-Leaved and Cryptomeria japonica Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>We assessed the ecology of the organic and mineral soil layers of laurel-leaved (BB-1) and Cryptomeria japonica (BB-2 and Pw) forests in the Kasugayama Hill Primeval Forest (Nara, Japan). The soil respiration rate was higher in the deeper horizons (F and H) of organic layers than in those of mineral soil layers, suggesting organic layers may be where active microbial metabolism occurs. Respiration rates in the soil of BB-1, BB-2 and Pw forests were closely similar at 5 and 10°C. However, the soil respiration rate increased in proportion to temperatures of 15°C or above. We therefore consider the activity of soil microorganisms to markedly decrease at temperatures below 10°C. At a temperature of 15°C or above, the soil respiration rate in the BB-1 organic layers was higher than in those of the BB-2 and Pw organic layers, due to differences in forest vegetation that appeared to influence several salient soil properties, particularly pH and the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of the F and H horizons.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Forest%20soil" title="Forest soil">Forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mineralization%20rate" title=" mineralization rate"> mineralization rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20respiration%20rate." title=" soil respiration rate."> soil respiration rate.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/soil-respiration-rate-of-laurel-leaved-and-cryptomeria-japonica-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1363</span> Impact of Long Term Application of Municipal Solid Waste on Physicochemical and Microbial Parameters and Heavy Metal Distribution in Soils in Accordance to Its Agricultural Uses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rinku%20Dhanker">Rinku Dhanker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suman%20Chaudhary"> Suman Chaudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tanvi%20Bhatia"> Tanvi Bhatia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sneh%20Goyal"> Sneh Goyal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), being a rich source of organic materials, can be used for agricultural applications as an important source of nutrients for soil and plants. This is also an alternative beneficial management practice for MSW generated in developing countries. In the present study, MSW treated soil samples from last four to six years at farmer’s field in Rohtak and Gurgaon states (Haryana, India) were collected. The samples were analyzed for all-important agricultural parameters and compared with the control untreated soil samples. The treated soil at farmer’s field showed increase in total N by 48 to 68%, P by 45.7 to 51.3%, and K by 60 to 67% compared to untreated soil samples. Application of sewage sludge at different sites led to increase in microbial biomass C by 60 to 68% compared to untreated soil. There was significant increase in total Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe, Pb, and Zn in all sewage sludge amended soil samples; however, concentration of all the metals were still below the current permitted (EU) limits. To study the adverse effect of heavy metals accumulation on various soil microbial activities, the sewage sludge samples (from wastewater treatment plant at Gurgaon) were artificially contaminated with heavy metal concentration above the EU limits. They were then applied to soil samples with different rates (0.5 to 4.0%) and incubated for 90 days under laboratory conditions. The samples were drawn at different intervals and analyzed for various parameters like pH, EC, total N, P, K, microbial biomass C, carbon mineralization, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) exactable heavy metals. The results were compared to the uncontaminated sewage sludge. The increasing level of sewage sludge from 0.5 to 4% led to build of organic C and total N, P and K content at the early stages of incubation. But, organic C was decreased after 90 days because of decomposition of organic matter. Biomass production was significantly increased in both contaminated and uncontaminated sewage soil samples, but also led to slight increases in metal accumulation and their bioavailability in soil. The maximum metal concentrations were found in treatment with 4% of contaminated sewage sludge amendment.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20metals" title="Heavy metals">Heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=municipal%20sewage%20sludge" title=" municipal sewage sludge"> municipal sewage sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainable%20agriculture" title=" sustainable agriculture"> sustainable agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20fertility" title=" soil fertility"> soil fertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quality." title=" quality."> quality.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/impact-of-long-term-application-of-municipal-solid-waste-on-physicochemical-and-microbial-parameters-and-heavy-metal-distribution-in-soils-in-accordance-to-its-agricultural-uses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1362</span> The Effect of Raindrop Kinetic Energy on Soil Erodibility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Moussouni">A. Moussouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Mouzai"> L. Mouzai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bouhadef"> M. Bouhadef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Soil erosion is a very complex phenomenon, resulting from detachment and transport of soil particles by erosion agents. The kinetic energy of raindrop is the energy available for detachment and transport by splashing rain. The soil erodibility is defined as the ability of soil to resist to erosion. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted in the laboratory using rainfall simulator to study the effect of the kinetic energy of rain (Ec) on the soil erodibility (K). The soil used was a sandy agricultural soil of 62.08% coarse sand, 19.14% fine sand, 6.39% fine silt, 5.18% coarse silt and 7.21% clay. The obtained results show that the kinetic energy of raindrops evolves as a power law with soil erodibility.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Erosion" title="Erosion">Erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=runoff" title=" runoff"> runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=raindrop%20kinetic%20energy" title=" raindrop kinetic energy"> raindrop kinetic energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%0D%0Aerodibility" title=" soil erodibility"> soil erodibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rainfall%20intensity" title=" rainfall intensity"> rainfall intensity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=raindrop%20fall%20velocity." title=" raindrop fall velocity."> raindrop fall velocity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/the-effect-of-raindrop-kinetic-energy-on-soil-erodibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1361</span> Soil Mass Loss Reduction during Rainfalls by Reinforcing the Slopes with the Surficial Confinement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramli%20Nazir">Ramli Nazir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hossein%20Moayedi"> Hossein Moayedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Soil confinement systems serve as effective solutions to any erosion control project. Various confinements systems, namely triangular, circular and rectangular with the size of 50, 100, and 150 mm, and with a depth of 10 mm, were embedded in soil samples at slope angle of 60°. The observed soil mass losses for the confined soil systems were much smaller than those from unconfined system. As a result, the size of confinement and rainfall intensity have a direct effect on the soil mass loss. The triangular and rectangular confinement systems showed the lowest and highest soil loss masses, respectively. The slopes also failed much faster in the unconfined system than in the confined slope.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Erosion%20control" title="Erosion control">Erosion control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20confinement" title=" Soil confinement"> Soil confinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20erosion" title=" Soil erosion"> Soil erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Slope%20stability." title=" Slope stability."> Slope stability.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/soil-mass-loss-reduction-during-rainfalls-by-reinforcing-the-slopes-with-the-surficial-confinement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1863</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1360</span> Effect of Acid Rain on Vigna radiata</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nilima%20Gajbhiye">Nilima Gajbhiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The acid rain causes change in pH level of soil it is directly influence on root and leaf growth. Yield of the crop was reduced if acidity of soil is more. Acid rain seeps into the earth and poisons plants and trees by dissolving toxic substances in the soil, such as aluminum, which get absorbed by the roots. In present investigation, effect of acid rain on crop Vigna radiata was studied. The effect of acid rain on change in soil fertility was detected in which pH of control sample was 6.5 and pH of 1% H2SO4 and 1% HNO3 were 3.5. Nitrogen nitrate in soil was high in 1% HNO3 treated soil & Control sample. Ammonium nitrogen in soil was low in 1% HNO3 & H2SO4 treated soil. Ammonium nitrogen was medium in control and other samples. The effect of acid rain on seed germination on 3rd day of germination control sample growth was 6.1cm with plumule 0.001% HNO3 & 0.001% H2SO4 was 5.5cm with plumule and 8cm with plumule. On 10th day fungal growth was observed in 1% and 0.1% H2SO4 concentrations when all plants were dead. The effect of acid rain on crop productivity was investigated on 3rd day roots were developed in plants. On 12th day Vigna radiata showed more growth in 0.1% HNO3 and 0.1% H2SO4 treated plants as compare to control plants. On 20th day development of discoloration of plant pigments were observed on acid treated plants leaves. On 34th day Vigna radiata showed flower in 0.1% HNO3, 0.01% HNO3 and 0.01% H2SO4treated plants and no flowers were observed on control plants. On 42th day 0.1% HNO3, 0.01% HNO and 0.01% H2SO4 treated Vigna radiata variety and control plants were showed seeds on plants. In Vigna radiate variety 0.1%, 0.01% HNO3, 0.01% H2SO4treated plants were dead on 46th day and fungal growth was observed. The toxicological study was carried out on Vigna radiata plants exposed to 1% HNO3 cells were damaged more than 1% H2SO4. Leaf sections exposed to 0.001% HNO3 & H2SO4 showed less damaged of cells and pigmentation observed in entire slide when compare with control plant.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acid%20rain" title="Acid rain">Acid rain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vigna%20radiate" title=" Vigna radiate"> Vigna radiate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HNO3%20%26%20H2SO4." title=" HNO3 & H2SO4."> HNO3 & H2SO4.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/effect-of-acid-rain-on-vigna-radiata" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1359</span> Development of an Internet of Things System for Smart Crop Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=O.%20M.%20Olanrewaju">O. M. Olanrewaju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20O.%20Echobu"> F. O. Echobu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20G.%20Adesoji"> A. G. Adesoji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20D.%20Ajik"> E. D. Ajik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20N.%20Ndabula"> J. N. Ndabula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Luka"> S. Luka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Nutrients are required for any soil with which plants thrive to improve efficient growth and productivity. Amongst these nutrients required for proper plant productivity are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK). Due to factors like leaching, nutrient uptake by plants, soil erosion and evaporation, these elements tend to be in low quantity and the need to replenish them arises. However, this replenishment of soil nutrients cannot be done without a timely soil test to enable farmers to know the amount of each element in short quantity and evaluate the amount required to be added. Though wet soil analysis is good, it comes with a lot of challenges ranging from soil test gargets availability to the technical knowledge of how to conduct such soil tests by the common farmer. The Internet of Things test kit was developed to fill in the gaps created by wet soil analysis, as it can test for NPK, soil temperature and soil moisture in a given soil at the time of test. In this implementation, a sample test was carried out within 0.2 hectares of land divided into smaller plots. The kits performed adequately well, as the range of values obtained across the segments was within a very close range.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Internet%20of%20things" title="Internet of things">Internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20nutrients" title=" soil nutrients"> soil nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=test%20kit" title=" test kit"> test kit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20temperature." title=" soil temperature."> soil temperature.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/development-of-an-internet-of-things-system-for-smart-crop-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1358</span> The Effect of Multiple Environmental Conditions on Acacia Senegal Seedling’s Carbon, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen Contents: An Experimental Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdoelmoniem%20A.%20Attaelmanan">Abdoelmoniem A. Attaelmanan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20H.%20Siddig"> Ahmed A. H. Siddig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study was conducted in light of continual global climate changes that projected increasing aridity, changes in soil fertility, and pollution. Plant growth and development largely depend on the combination of availing water and nutrients in the soil. Changes in the climate and atmospheric chemistry can cause serious effects on these growth factors. Plant carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and hydrogen (H) play a fundamental role in the maintenance of ecosystem structure and function. Hashab (Acacia senegal), which produces gum Arabic, supports dryland ecosystems in tropical zones by its potentiality to restore degraded soils; hence, it is ecologically and economically important for the dry areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The study aims at investigating the effects of water stress (simulated drought) and poor soil type on Acacia senegal C, N, and H contents. Seven-day-old seedlings were assigned to the treatments in split-plot design for four weeks. The main plot is irrigation interval (well-watered and water-stressed), and the subplot is soil types (silt and sandy soils). Seedling's C%, N%, and H% were measured using CHNS-O Analyzer and applying Standard Test Method. Irrigation intervals and soil types had no effects on seedlings and leaves C%, N%, and H%, irrigation interval had affected stem C% and H%, both irrigation intervals and soil types had affected root N% and interaction effect of water and soil was found on leaves and root's N%. Application of well-watered irrigation with soil that is rich in N and other nutrients would result in the greatest seedling C, N, and H content which will enhance growth and biomass accumulation and can play a crucial role in ecosystem productivity and services in the dryland regions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acacia%20senegal" title="Acacia senegal">Acacia senegal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=drylands" title=" drylands"> drylands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nutrients%20biomass" title=" nutrients biomass"> nutrients biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sub-Sahara" title=" Sub-Sahara"> Sub-Sahara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sudan." title=" Sudan."> Sudan.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/the-effect-of-multiple-environmental-conditions-on-acacia-senegal-seedlings-carbon-nitrogen-and-hydrogen-contents-an-experimental-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1357</span> Contaminated Soil Remediation with Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Goi">A. Goi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Trapido"> M. Trapido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Kulik"> N. Kulik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hydrogen peroxide treatment was able to remediate chlorophenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, diesel and transformer oil contaminated soil. Chemical treatment of contaminants adsorbed in peat resulted in lower contaminants- removal and required higher addition of chemicals than the treatment of contaminants in sand. The hydrogen peroxide treatment was found to be feasible for soil remediation at natural soil pH. Contaminants in soil could degrade with the addition of hydrogen peroxide only indicating the ability of transition metals ions and minerals of these metals presented in soil to catalyse the reaction of hydrogen peroxide decomposition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hydrogen%20peroxide" title="Hydrogen peroxide">Hydrogen peroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20treatment" title=" soil treatment"> soil treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=decontamination." title="decontamination.">decontamination.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/contaminated-soil-remediation-with-hydrogen-peroxide-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1356</span> Effect of Crude Oil on Soil-Water Characteristic Curve of Clayey Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seyed%20Abolhasan%20Naeini">Seyed Abolhasan Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seyed%20Mohammad%20Reza%20Hosseini"> Seyed Mohammad Reza Hosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The measured soil suction values when related to water content is called suction-water content relationship (SWR) or soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and forms the basis of unsaturated soil behavior assessment. The SWCC can be measured or predicted based on soil index properties such as grain-size distribution and plasticity index. In this paper, the SWCC of clean and contaminated clayey soil classified as clay with low plasticity (CL) are presented. Laboratory studies were conducted on virgin (disturbed-uncontaminated soil collected from vicinity of Tehran oil refinery) soil and soil samples simulated to varying degrees of contamination with crude oil (i.e., 3, 6, and 9% by dry weight of soil) to compare the results before and after contamination. Laboratory tests were conducted using a device which is capable of measuring volume change and pore pressures. The soil matric suction at the ends of samples controlled by using the axis translation technique. The results show that contamination with crude oil facilitates the movement of water and reduces the soil suction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Axis%20translation%20technique" title="Axis translation technique">Axis translation technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=clayey%20soil" title=" clayey soil"> clayey soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=contamination" title=" contamination"> contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil-water%20characteristic%20curve." title=" soil-water characteristic curve."> soil-water characteristic curve.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/effect-of-crude-oil-on-soil-water-characteristic-curve-of-clayey-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1859</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1355</span> Gypseous Soil Improvement using Fuel Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hussein%20Yousif%20Aziz">Hussein Yousif Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jianlin%20Ma"> Jianlin Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the suitability of fuel oil in improving gypseous soil. A detailed laboratory tests were carried-out on two soils (soil I with 51.6% gypsum content, and soil II with 26.55%), where the two soils were obtained from Al-Therthar site (Al-Anbar Province-Iraq). This study examines the improvement of soil properties using the gypsum material which is locally available with low cost to minimize the effect of moisture on these soils by using the fuel oil. This study was conducted on two models of the soil gypsum, from the Tharthar area. The first model was sandy soil with Gypsum content of (51.6%) and the second is clayey soil and the content of Gypsum is (26.55%). The program included tests measuring the permeability and compressibility of the soil and their collapse properties. The shear strength of the soil and the amounts of weight loss of fuel oil due to drying had been found. These tests have been conducted on the treated and untreated soils to observe the effect of soil treatment on the engineering properties when mixed with varying degrees of fuel oil with the equivalent of the water content. The results showed that fuel oil is a good material to modify the basic properties of the gypseous soil of collapsibility and permeability, which are the main problems of this soil and retained the soil by an appropriate amount of the cohesion suitable for carrying the loads from the structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Collapsibility" title="Collapsibility">Collapsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Enhancement%20of%20Gypseous%20Soils" title=" Enhancement of Gypseous Soils"> Enhancement of Gypseous Soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geotechnical%20Engineering" title="Geotechnical Engineering">Geotechnical Engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gypseous%20soil" title=" Gypseous soil"> Gypseous soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shear%20Strength." title=" Shear Strength."> Shear Strength.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/gypseous-soil-improvement-using-fuel-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2632</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1354</span> Heavy Metal Reduction in Plant Using Soil Amendment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Chaiyaraksa">C. Chaiyaraksa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Khamko"> T. Khamko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the influence of limestone and sepiolite on heavy metals accumulation in the soil and soybean. The soil was synthesized to contaminate with zinc 150 mg/kg, copper 100 mg/kg, and cadmium 1 mg/kg. The contaminated soil was mixed with limestone and sepiolite at the ratio of 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, and 2:1. The amount of soil modifier added to soil was 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%. The metals determination was performed on soil both before and after soybean planting and in the root, shoot, and seed of soybean after harvesting. The study was also on metal translocate from root to seed and on bioaccumulation factor. Using of limestone and sepiolite resulted in a reduction of metals accumulated in soybean. For soil containing a high concentration of copper, cadmium, and zinc, a mixture of limestone and sepiolite (1:1) was recommended to mix with soil with the amount of 0.2%. Zinc could translocate from root to seed more than copper, and cadmium. From studying the movement of metals from soil to accumulate in soybean, the result was that soybean could absorb the highest amount of cadmium, followed by zinc, and copper, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20metals" title="Heavy metals">Heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=limestone" title=" limestone"> limestone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sepiolite" title=" sepiolite"> sepiolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soybean." title=" soybean."> soybean.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/heavy-metal-reduction-in-plant-using-soil-amendment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">740</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1353</span> Contribution of Root Respiration to Soil Respiration in Sugarcane Plantation in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wilaiwan%20Sornpoon">Wilaiwan Sornpoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sebastien%20Bonnet"> Sebastien Bonnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Poonpipope%20Kasemsap"> Poonpipope Kasemsap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Savitri%20Garivait"> Savitri Garivait</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The understanding on the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration is still very limited, especially for sugarcane. In this study, trenching experiments in sugarcane plantations were conducted to separate and investigate soil respiration for this crop. The measurements were performed for the whole growing period of 344 days to quantify root respiration. The obtained monitoring data showed that the respiration rate is increasing with the age of the plant, accounting for up to 29% of the total soil respiration before harvesting. The root to soil respiration ratio increased rapidly during the young seedling stage, i.e. first five months, then declined and finally got stabilized during yield formation and ripening stages, respectively. In addition, the results from the measurements confirmed that soil respiration was positively correlated with soil moisture content.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20respiration" title="Soil respiration">Soil respiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=root%20respiration" title=" root respiration"> root respiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trenching%20experiment" title=" trenching experiment"> trenching experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sugarcane." title=" sugarcane."> sugarcane.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/contribution-of-root-respiration-to-soil-respiration-in-sugarcane-plantation-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1920</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1352</span> Effect of Soil Tillage System upon the Soil Properties, Weed Control, Quality and Quantity Yield in Some Arable Crops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T%20Rusu">T Rusu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P%20I%20Moraru"> P I Moraru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I%20Bogdan"> I Bogdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A%20I%20Pop"> A I Pop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M%20L%20Sopterean"> M L Sopterean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents the influence of the conventional ploughing tillage technology in comparison with the minimum tillage, upon the soil properties, weed control and yield in the case of maize (Zea mays L.), soya-bean (Glycine hispida L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a three years crop rotation. A research has been conducted at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The use of minimum soil tillage systems within a three years rotation: maize, soya-bean, wheat favorites the rise of the aggregates hydro stability with 5.6-7.5% on a 0-20 cm depth and 5-11% on 20-30 cm depth. The minimum soil tillage systems – paraplow, chisel or rotary grape – are polyvalent alternatives for basic preparation, germination bed preparation and sowing, for fields and crops with moderate loose requirements being optimized technologies for: soil natural fertility activation and rationalization, reduction of erosion, increasing the accumulation capacity for water and realization of sowing in the optimal period. The soil tillage system influences the productivity elements of cultivated species and finally the productions thus obtained. Thus, related to conventional working system, the productions registered in minimum tillage working represented 89- 97% in maize, 103-112% in soya-bean, 93-99% in winter-wheat. The results of investigations showed that the yield is a conclusion soil tillage systems influence on soil properties, plant density assurance and on weed control. Under minimum tillage systems in the case of winter weat as an option for replacing classic ploughing, the best results in terms of quality indices were obtained from version worked with paraplow, followed by rotary harrow and chisel. At variants worked with paraplow were obtained quality indices close to those of the variant worked with plow, and protein and gluten content was even higher. At Ariesan variety, highest protein content, 12.50% and gluten, 28.6% was obtained for the variant paraplow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Minimum%20tillage" title="Minimum tillage">Minimum tillage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20properties" title=" soil properties"> soil properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=yields%20quality." title=" yields quality."> yields quality.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/effect-of-soil-tillage-system-upon-the-soil-properties-weed-control-quality-and-quantity-yield-in-some-arable-crops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1919</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1351</span> Experimental Simulation of Soil Boundary Condition for Dynamic Studies </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omar.S.%20Qaftan">Omar.S. Qaftan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20T.%20Sabbagh"> T. T. Sabbagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies the free-field response by adopting a flexible membrane container as soil boundary for experimental shaking table tests. The influence of the soil container boundary on the soil behaviour and the dynamic soil properties under seismic effect were examined. A flexible container with 1/50 scale factor was adopted in the experimental tests, including construction, instrumentation, and determination of the results of dynamic tests on a shaking table. Horizontal face displacements and accelerations were analysed to determine the influence of the container boundary on the performance of the soil. The outputs results show that the flexible boundary container allows more displacement and larger accelerations. The soil in a rigid wall container cannot deform as similar as the soil in the real field does. Therefore, the response of flexible container tested is believed to be more reliable for soil boundary than that in the rigid container. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil" title="Soil">Soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boundary" title=" boundary"> boundary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic" title=" seismic"> seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ground%20motion." title=" ground motion."> ground motion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/experimental-simulation-of-soil-boundary-condition-for-dynamic-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1350</span> Optimisation of Polycyclic AromaticHydrocarbon Removal from Contaminated Soilusing Modified Fenton Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Venny">Venny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Gan"> S. Gan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20K.%20Ng"> H. K. Ng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of modified Fenton (MF) treatment to promote PAH oxidation in artificially contaminated soil was investigated in packed soil column with a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) delivery system simulating in situ injection. Soil samples were spiked with phenanthrene (low molecular weight PAH) and fluoranthene (high molecular weight PAH) to an initial concentration of 500 mg/kg dried soil each. The effectiveness of process parameters H2O2/soil, iron/soil, chelating agent/soil weight ratios and reaction time were studied using a 24 three level factorial design experiments. Statistically significant quadratic models were developed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for degrading PAHs from the soil samples. Optimum operating condition was achieved at mild range of H2O2/soil, iron/soil and chelating agent/soil weight ratios, indicating cost efficient method for treating highly contaminated lands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fenton" title="Fenton">Fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbon" title=" polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon"> polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chelate" title=" chelate"> chelate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title="response surface methodology">response surface methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/optimisation-of-polycyclic-aromatichydrocarbon-removal-from-contaminated-soilusing-modified-fenton-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1713</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1349</span> Principal Component Analysis for the Characterization in the Application of Some Soil Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kamolchanok%20Panishkan">Kamolchanok Panishkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kanokporn%20Swangjang"> Kanokporn Swangjang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natdhera%20Sanmanee"> Natdhera Sanmanee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Daoroong%20Sungthong"> Daoroong Sungthong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to study principal component analysis for classification of 67 soil samples collected from different agricultural areas in the western part of Thailand. Six soil properties were measured on the soil samples and are used as original variables. Principal component analysis is applied to reduce the number of original variables. A model based on the first two principal components accounts for 72.24% of total variance. Score plots of first two principal components were used to map with agricultural areas divided into horticulture, field crops and wetland. The results showed some relationships between soil properties and agricultural areas. PCA was shown to be a useful tool for agricultural areas classification based on soil properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20organic%20matter" title="soil organic matter">soil organic matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20properties" title=" soil properties"> soil properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=principal%20components" title=" principal components"> principal components</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/principal-component-analysis-for-the-characterization-in-the-application-of-some-soil-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1348</span> Seismic Soil-Pile Interaction Considering Nonlinear Soil Column Behavior in Saturated and Dry Soil Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Moeini">Mohammad Moeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mehrdad%20Ghyabi"> Mehrdad Ghyabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kiarash%20Mohtasham%20Dolatshahi"> Kiarash Mohtasham Dolatshahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper investigates seismic soil-pile interaction using the Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation (BNWF) approach. Three soil types are considered to cover all the possible responses, as well as nonlinear site response analysis using finite element method in OpenSees platform. Excitations at each elevation that are output of the site response analysis are used as the input excitation to the soil pile system implementing multi-support excitation method. Spectral intensities of acceleration show that the extent of the response in sand is more severe than that of clay, in addition, increasing the PGA of ground strong motion will affect the sandy soil more, in comparison with clayey medium, which is an indicator of the sensitivity of soil-pile systems in sandy soil.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Beam%20on%20nonlinear%20Winkler%20foundation%20method" title="Beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation method">Beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multi-support%20excitation" title=" multi-support excitation"> multi-support excitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20site%20response%20analysis" title=" nonlinear site response analysis"> nonlinear site response analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic%20soil-pile%20interaction." title=" seismic soil-pile interaction."> seismic soil-pile interaction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/seismic-soil-pile-interaction-considering-nonlinear-soil-column-behavior-in-saturated-and-dry-soil-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1347</span> Bioremediation of MEG, DEG, and TEG: Potential of Burhead Plant and Soil Microorganisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pattrarat%20Teamkao">Pattrarat Teamkao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paitip%20Thiravetyan"> Paitip Thiravetyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of soil microorganisms and the burhead plant, as well as the combination of soil microorganisms and plants to remediate monoethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), and triethylene glycol (TEG) in synthetic wastewater. The result showed that a system containing both burhead plant and soil microorganisms had the highest efficiency in EGs removal. Around 100% of MEG and DEG and 85% of TEG were removed within 15 days of the experiments. However, the burhead plant had higher removal efficiency than soil microorganisms for MEG and DEG but the same for TEG in the study systems. The removal rate of EGs in the study system related to the molecular weight of the compounds and MEG, the smallest glycol, was removed faster than DEG and TEG by both the burhead plant and soil microorganisms in the study system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ethylene%20glycol" title="Ethylene glycol">Ethylene glycol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=burhead%20plant" title=" burhead plant"> burhead plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20microorganisms" title=" soil microorganisms"> soil microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phytoremediation" title=" phytoremediation"> phytoremediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/bioremediation-of-meg-deg-and-teg-potential-of-burhead-plant-and-soil-microorganisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/74.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3718</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1346</span> Soil-Vegetation Relationships in Arid Rangelands (Case Study: Nodushan Rangelands of Yazd, Iran)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Mousaei%20Sanjerehei">Mohammad Mousaei Sanjerehei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research was to identify the vegetation-soil relationships in Nodushan arid rangelands of Yazd. 5 sites were selected for measuring the cover of plant species and soil attributes. Soil samples were taken in 0-10 and 10-80 cm layers. The species studied were Salsola tomentosa, Salsola arbuscula, Peganum harmala, Zygophylum eurypterum and Eurotia ceratoides. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the data. Based on the CCA results, 74.9 % of vegetation-soil variation was explained by axis 1-3. Axis 1, 2 and 3 accounted for 27.2%, 24.9 % and 22.8% of variance respectively. Correlation between axis 1, 2, 3 and speciesedaphic variables were 0.995, 0.989, 0.981 respectively. Soil texture, lime, salinity and organic matter significantly influenced the distribution of these plant species. Determination of soil-vegetation relationships will be useful for managing and improving rangelands in arid and semi arid environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CCA" title="CCA">CCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nodushan" title=" Nodushan"> Nodushan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rangelands" title=" Rangelands"> Rangelands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vegetation-soil" title=" Vegetation-soil"> Vegetation-soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/soil-vegetation-relationships-in-arid-rangelands-case-study-nodushan-rangelands-of-yazd-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1712</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1345</span> Effect of Isfahan Refinery, Power Plant and Petrochemical on Borkhar District Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Gandomkar">A. Gandomkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to evaluate regional soil Borkhar of the metals Lead has been made. In this field study fires visits to the regions. The limit of this study located in the East refineries, petrochemical and power plant to 20 km was selected. The 41 soil samples from depths of 0 to 10 cm in area and were randomized. Soil samples were transported to the laboratory and by air was dry and passed through 2-mil thickness sieve. In the laboratory of physical and chemical characteristics and concentrations of total absorption was measured. The results showed that the amount of lead in soil in many parts of the range higher than the standard limit. Survey maps show that the lead spatial distribution of the region does not special pattern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20Pollution" title="Soil Pollution">Soil Pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20Metals" title=" Heavy Metals"> Heavy Metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Borkhar%20District" title=" Borkhar District"> Borkhar District</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%0ASampling." title=" Soil Sampling."> Soil Sampling.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/effect-of-isfahan-refinery-power-plant-and-petrochemical-on-borkhar-district-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1344</span> Prediction of Soil Hydraulic Conductivity from Particle-Size Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.F.%20Salarashayeri">A.F. Salarashayeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Siosemarde"> M. Siosemarde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic conductivity is one parameter important for predicting the movement of water and contaminants dissolved in the water through the soil. The hydraulic conductivity is measured on soil samples in the lab and sometimes tests carried out in the field. The hydraulic conductivity has been related to soil particle diameter by a number of investigators. In this study, 25 set of soil samples with sand texture. The results show approximately success in predicting hydraulic conductivity from particle diameters data. The following relationship obtained from multiple linear regressions on data (R2 = 0.52): Where d10, d50 and d60, are the soil particle diameter (mm) that 10%, 50% and 60% of all soil particles are finer (smaller) by weight and Ks, saturated hydraulic conductivity is expressed in m/day. The results of regression analysis showed that d10 play a more significant role with respect to Ks, saturated hydraulic conductivity (m/day), and has been named as the effective parameter in Ks calculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hydraulic%20conductivity" title="hydraulic conductivity">hydraulic conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=particle%20diameter" title=" particle diameter"> particle diameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=particle-size%20distribution%20and%20soil" title=" particle-size distribution and soil"> particle-size distribution and soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/prediction-of-soil-hydraulic-conductivity-from-particle-size-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9007</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1343</span> A High Accuracy Measurement Circuit for Soil Moisture Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sheroz%20Khan">Sheroz Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20H.%20M.%20Zahirul%20Alam"> A. H. M. Zahirul Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Othman%20O.%20Khalifa"> Othman O. Khalifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Rafiqul%20Islam"> Mohd Rafiqul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zuraidah%20Zainudin"> Zuraidah Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muzna%20S.%20Khan"> Muzna S. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurul%20Iman%20Muhamad%20Pauzi"> Nurul Iman Muhamad Pauzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of soil for agriculture purposes has remained the main focus of research since the beginning of civilization as humans- food related requirements remained closely linked with the soil. The study of soil has generated an interest among the researchers for very similar other reasons including transmission, reflection and refraction of signals for deploying wireless underground sensor networks or for the monitoring of objects on (or in ) soil in the form of better understanding of soil electromagnetic characteristics properties. The moisture content has been very instrumental in such studies as it decides on the resistance of the soil, and hence the attenuation on signals traveling through soil or the attenuation the signals may suffer upon their impact on soil. This work is related testing and characterizing a measurement circuit meant for the detection of moisture level content in soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Analog%E2%80%93digital%20Conversion" title="Analog–digital Conversion">Analog–digital Conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bridge%20Circuits" title=" Bridge Circuits"> Bridge Circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Intelligent%20sensors" title=" Intelligent sensors"> Intelligent sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pulse%20Time%20Modulation" title=" Pulse Time Modulation"> Pulse Time Modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Relaxation%20Oscillator" title=" Relaxation Oscillator"> Relaxation Oscillator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/a-high-accuracy-measurement-circuit-for-soil-moisture-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4024</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1342</span> Application of GIS and Statistical Multivariate Techniques for Estimation of Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Masoud%20Nasri">Masoud Nasri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Gholami"> Ali Gholami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Najafi"> Ali Najafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, most of the regions in the world are exposed to degradation and erosion caused by increasing population and over use of land resources. The understanding of the most important factors on soil erosion and sediment yield are the main keys for decision making and planning. In this study, the sediment yield and soil erosion were estimated and the priority of different soil erosion factors used in the MPSIAC method of soil erosion estimation is evaluated in AliAbad watershed in southwest of Isfahan Province, Iran. Different information layers of the parameters were created using a GIS technique. Then, a multivariate procedure was applied to estimate sediment yield and to find the most important factors of soil erosion in the model. The results showed that land use, geology, land and soil cover are the most important factors describing the soil erosion estimated by MPSIAC model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=land%20degradation" title="land degradation">land degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20erosion" title=" Soil erosion"> Soil erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sediment%20yield" title=" Sediment yield"> Sediment yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aliabad" title="Aliabad">Aliabad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GIS%20technique" title=" GIS technique"> GIS technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Land%20use." title=" Land use."> Land use.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/application-of-gis-and-statistical-multivariate-techniques-for-estimation-of-soil-erosion-and-sediment-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1691</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1341</span> The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Glycine max</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nilima%20Gajbhiye">Nilima Gajbhiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Acid rain occurs when sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (Nox) gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. The result is a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Soil has a greater buffering capacity than aquatic systems. However excessive amount of acids introduced by acid rains may disturb the entire soil chemistry. Acidity and harmful action of toxic elements damage vegetation while susceptible microbial species are eliminated. In present study, the effects of simulated sulphuric acid and nitric acid rains were investigated on crop Glycine max. The effect of acid rain on change in soil fertility was detected in which pH of control sample was 6.5 and pH of 1%H2SO4 and 1%HNO3 were 3.5. Nitrogen nitrate in soil was high in 1% HNO3 treated soil & Control sample. Ammonium nitrogen in soil was low in 1% HNO3 & H2SO4 treated soil. Ammonium nitrogen was medium in control and other samples. The effect of acid rain on seed germination on 3rd day of germination control sample growth was 7 cm, 0.1% HNO3 was 8cm, and 0.001% HNO3 & 0.001% H2SO4 was 6cm each. On 10th day fungal growth was observed in 1% and 0.1%H2SO4 concentrations, when all plants were dead. The effect of acid rain on crop productivity was investigated on 3rd day roots were developed in plants. On12th day Glycine max showed more growth in 0.1% HNO3, 0.001% HNO3 and 0.001% H2SO4 treated plants growth were same as compare to control plants. On 20th day development of discoloration of plant pigments were observed on acid treated plants leaves. On 38th day, 0.1, 0.001% HNO3 and 0.1, 0.001% H2SO4 treated plants and control plants were showing flower growth. On 42th day, acid treated Glycine max variety and control plants were showed seeds on plants. In Glycine max variety 0.1, 0.001% H2SO4, 0.1, 0.001% HNO3 treated plants were dead on 46th day and fungal growth was observed. The toxicological study was carried out on Glycine max plants exposed to 1% HNO3 cells were damaged more than 1% H2SO4. Leaf sections exposed to 0.001% HNO3 & H2SO4 showed less damaged of cells and pigmentation observed in entire slide when compare with control plant. The soil analysis was done to find microorganisms in HNO3 & H2SO4 treated Glycine max and control plants. No microorganism growth was observed in 1% HNO3 & H2SO4 but control plant showed microbial growth.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acid%20rain" title="Acid rain">Acid rain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Glycine%20max" title=" Glycine max"> Glycine max</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HNO3%20%26%20H2SO4" title=" HNO3 & H2SO4"> HNO3 & H2SO4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pigmentation." title=" Pigmentation."> Pigmentation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/the-effect-of-simulated-acid-rain-on-glycine-max" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1340</span> Nylon Solution as Soil Stabilizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20M.%20Ayininuola">G. M. Ayininuola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=O.%20S.%20Oladeji"> O. S. Oladeji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The research investigated the use of nylon solution to enhance the California bearing ratio (CBR) of soil. Used nylon sachet of potable water were dissolved in four separate solvents namely acetone, toluene, ethyl glycol and dual purpose kerosene (DPK). It was discovered that DPK has the highest nylon solubility of 29g/ml at 91<sup>o</sup>C. The nylon solution was used to stabilize poorly graded sandy soil. The result showed that at less or equal to 4% stabilization, the CBR value decreased from 25.3% to 15.85% and later appreciated to 67.78% at 16% stabilization. The initial decrease in CBR value of soil sample observed was as a result of inadequate nylon solution to coat soil particles for proper bonding.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nylon%20solution" title="Nylon solution">Nylon solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20stabilization" title=" Soil stabilization"> Soil stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dual%20purpose%20kerosene" title=" Dual purpose kerosene"> Dual purpose kerosene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=California%20bearing%20ratio." title=" California bearing ratio."> California bearing ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/nylon-solution-as-soil-stabilizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3624</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1339</span> Bioremediation of Oil-Polluted Soil of Western Kazakhstan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20A.%20Aytkeldiyeva">S. A. Aytkeldiyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20K.%20Sadanov"> A. K. Sadanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20R.%20Faizulina"> E. R. Faizulina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Kurmanbayev"> A. A. Kurmanbayev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 15 strains of oil-destructing microorganisms were isolated from oil polluted soil of Western Kazakhstan. Strains 2-A and 41-3 with the highest oil-destructing activities were chosen from them. It was shown that these strains oxidized n-alkanes very well, but isoalkanes, isoparaffin, cycloparaffin and heavy aromatic compounds were destructed very slowly. These both strains were tested as preparations for bioremediation of oil-polluted soil in model and field experiments. The degree of utilizing of soil oil by this preparation was 79-84 % in field experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bioremediation" title="Bioremediation">Bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=n-alkanes" title=" n-alkanes"> n-alkanes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oil-polluted%20soil" title=" oil-polluted soil"> oil-polluted soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oiloxidizingmicroorganisms." title=" oiloxidizingmicroorganisms."> oiloxidizingmicroorganisms.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/bioremediation-of-oil-polluted-soil-of-western-kazakhstan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2046</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1338</span> Effect of Pond Ash and RBI Grade 81 on Properties of Subgrade Soil and Base Course of Flexible Pavement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20M.%20Patil">B. M. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20A.%20Patil"> K. A. Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper deals with use of pond ash and RBI Grade 81 for improvement in CBR values of clayey soil and grade-III materials used for base course of flexible pavement. The pond ash is a thermal power plant waste and RBI Grade 81 is chemical soil stabilizer. The geotechnical properties like Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), CBR value and Differential Free Swell (DFS) index of soil are tested in the laboratory for different mixes of soil, pond ash and RBI Grade 81 for different proportions. The mixes of grade-III material, pond ash and RBI Grade 81 tested for CBR test. From the study it is found that the geotechnical properties of clayey soil are improved significantly, if pond ash added with RBI Grade 81. The optimum mix recommended for subgrade is soil: pond ash: RBI Grade 81 in proportions of 76:20:4. The CBR value of grade-III base course treated with 20% pond ash and 4% RBI Grade 81 is increased by 125.93% as compared to untreated grade-III base course.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clayey%20soil" title="Clayey soil">Clayey soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geotechnical%20properties" title=" Geotechnical properties"> Geotechnical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pond%20ash" title=" Pond ash"> Pond ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RBI%20Grade%2081%E2%84%A2." title=" RBI Grade 81™."> RBI Grade 81™.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/effect-of-pond-ash-and-rbi-grade-81-on-properties-of-subgrade-soil-and-base-course-of-flexible-pavement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3751</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1337</span> Ingenious Eco-Technology for Transforming Food and Tanneries Waste into a Soil Bio-Conditioner and Fertilizer Product Used for Recovery and Enhancement of the Productive Capacity of the Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Petre%20Voicu">Petre Voicu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mircea%20Oaida"> Mircea Oaida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radu%20Vasiu"> Radu Vasiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Catalin%20Gheorghiu"> Catalin Gheorghiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aurel%20Dumitru"> Aurel Dumitru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present work deals with the way in which food and tobacco waste can be used in agriculture. As a result of the lack of efficient technologies for their recycling, we are currently faced with the appearance of appreciable quantities of residual organic residues that find their use only very rarely and only after long storage in landfills. The main disadvantages of long storage of organic waste are the unpleasant smell, the high content of pathogenic agents, and the high content in the water. The release of these enormous amounts imperatively demands the finding of solutions to ensure the avoidance of environmental pollution. The measure practiced by us and presented in this paper consists of the processing of this waste in special installations, testing in pilot experimental perimeters, and later administration on agricultural lands without harming the quality of the soil, agricultural crops, and the environment. The current crisis of raw materials and energy also raises special problems in the field of organic waste valorization, an activity that takes place with low energy consumption. At the same time, their composition recommends them as useful secondary sources in agriculture. The transformation of food scraps and other residues concentrated organics thus acquires a new orientation, in which these materials are seen as important secondary resources. The utilization of food and tobacco waste in agriculture is also stimulated by the increasing lack of chemical fertilizers and the continuous increase in their price, under the conditions that the soil requires increased amounts of fertilizers in order to obtain high, stable, and profitable production. The need to maintain and increase the humus content of the soil is also taken into account, as an essential factor of its fertility, as a source and reserve of nutrients and microelements, as an important factor in increasing the buffering capacity of the soil, and the more reserved use of chemical fertilizers, improving the structure and permeability for water with positive effects on the quality of agricultural works and preventing the excess and/or deficit of moisture in the soil.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Organic%20residue" title="Organic residue">Organic residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=food%20and%20tannery%20waste" title=" food and tannery waste"> food and tannery waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fertilizer" title=" fertilizer"> fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil." title=" soil."> soil.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/ingenious-eco-technology-for-transforming-food-and-tanneries-waste-into-a-soil-bio-conditioner-and-fertilizer-product-used-for-recovery-and-enhancement-of-the-productive-capacity-of-the-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1336</span> Using Low Permeability Sand-Fadr Mixture Membrane for Isolated Swelling Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohie%20Eldin%20Mohamed%20Afifiy%20Elmashad">Mohie Eldin Mohamed Afifiy Elmashad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Desert regions around the Nile valley in Upper Egypt contain great extent of swelling soil. Many different comment procedures of treatment of the swelling soils for construction such as pre-swelling, load balance OR soil replacement. One of the measure factors which affect the level of the aggressiveness of the swelling soil is the direction of the infiltration water directions within the swelling soils. In this paper a physical model was installed to measure the effect of water on the swelling soil with replacement using fatty acid distillation residuals (FADR) mixed with sand as thick sand-FADR mixture to prevent the water pathway arrive to the swelling soil. Testing program have been conducted on different artificial samples with different sand to FADR contents ratios (4%, 6%, and 9%) to get the optimum value fulfilling the impermeable replacement. The tests show that a FADR content of 9% is sufficient to produce impermeable replacement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Swelling%20soil" title="Swelling soil">Swelling soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FADR" title=" FADR"> FADR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20improvement" title=" soil improvement"> soil improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10849/using-low-permeability-sand-fadr-mixture-membrane-for-isolated-swelling-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10849/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10849/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a 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href="https://publications.waset.org/10849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1804</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20fertility%20status.&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20fertility%20status.&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20fertility%20status.&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20fertility%20status.&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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