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<li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stele</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 62 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF_(%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="شاهد (لوحة تذكارية) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شاهد (لوحة تذكارية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95" title="শীলাফলক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শীলাফলক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стэла – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стэла" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maen-koun" title="Maen-koun – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maen-koun" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela_(monument)" title="Estela (monument) – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estela (monument)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A9la" title="Stéla – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stéla" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel" title="Steel – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Steel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela_(monumento)" title="Estela (monumento) – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estela (monumento)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steleo" title="Steleo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Steleo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela" title="Estela – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estela" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF" title="سنگ یادبود – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنگ یادبود" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A8le" title="Stèle – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stèle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%AAle" title="Stêle – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Stêle" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liag%C3%A1n_greanta" title="Liagán greanta – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Liagán greanta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela_(monumento)" title="Estela (monumento) – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estela (monumento)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9D%EB%B9%84" title="석비 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="석비" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A1" title="Ստելա – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստելա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steleo" title="Steleo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Steleo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%94" title="אסטלה – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטלה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="სტელა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტელა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tableta" title="Tableta – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Tableta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szt%C3%A9l%C3%A9" title="Sztélé – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sztélé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="ശിലാഫലകം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശിലാഫലകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_basurek" title="Batu basurek – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Batu basurek" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC" title="ကျောက်စာ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကျောက်စာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%A2%91" title="石碑 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="石碑" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%80" title="ចារឹក – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចារឹក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela" title="Estela – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estela" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stel%C4%83" title="Stelă – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stelă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele" title="Stele – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stele" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A9la" title="Stéla – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stéla" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela_(spomenik)" title="Stela (spomenik) – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stela (spomenik)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stela" title="Stela – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stela" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasasti" title="Prasasti – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Prasasti" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steela" title="Steela – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Steela" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D" title="சிற்பத்தூண் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிற்பத்தூண்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81" title="ศิลาจารึก – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศิลาจารึก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stel" title="Stel – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Стела – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стела" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bia_(ki%E1%BA%BFn_tr%C3%BAc)" title="Bia (kiến trúc) – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bia (kiến trúc)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estela" title="Estela – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Estela" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%91" title="碑 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="碑" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%91" title="碑 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="碑" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%91" title="碑 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="碑" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178743#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stele" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Stele" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stele"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stele"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Stele" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Stele" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&oldid=18810790" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Stele&id=18810790&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStele"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStele"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Stele&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Steles" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178743" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Stela_of_Iddi-Sin,_King_of_Simurrum._It_dates_back_to_the_Old-Babylonian_Period._From_Qarachatan_Village,_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate,_Iraqi_Kurdistan._The_Sulaymaniyah_Museum,_Iraq.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Stela_of_Iddi-Sin%2C_King_of_Simurrum._It_dates_back_to_the_Old-Babylonian_Period._From_Qarachatan_Village%2C_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate%2C_Iraqi_Kurdistan._The_Sulaymaniyah_Museum%2C_Iraq.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Stela_of_Iddi-Sin%2C_King_of_Simurrum._It_dates_back_to_the_Old-Babylonian_Period._From_Qarachatan_Village%2C_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate%2C_Iraqi_Kurdistan._The_Sulaymaniyah_Museum%2C_Iraq.jpg/375px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Stela_of_Iddi-Sin%2C_King_of_Simurrum._It_dates_back_to_the_Old-Babylonian_Period._From_Qarachatan_Village%2C_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate%2C_Iraqi_Kurdistan._The_Sulaymaniyah_Museum%2C_Iraq.jpg/500px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4015" data-file-height="6015" /></a><figcaption>Stelen til Iddin-Sîn, konge av Simurrum. Det er datert tilbake den gammelbabylonske perioden (1900-1500-tallet f.Kr.). Fra landsbyen Qarachatan, provinsen <a href="/wiki/Suleimania_(provins)" title="Suleimania (provins)">Suleimania</a>, kurdiske Irak.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Stele</b> (fra <a href="/wiki/Gresk" title="Gresk">gresk</a>: στήλη, <i>stēlē</i>, flertall <i>stelai</i>; <a href="/wiki/Norr%C3%B8nt" class="mw-redirect" title="Norrønt">norrønt</a>: <i>stela</i>, «stående blokk, minnestein»)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> er en <a href="/wiki/Bergart" title="Bergart">stein</a>- eller treplate, som generelt er høyere enn det er bredt. Steler brukes som minnesmerker med navn og stilling risset inn eller påmalt. Steler blir også brukt som grensemarkering, <a href="/wiki/Milep%C3%A6l" title="Milepæl">milepæl</a>, eller reist ved minneverdige <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A6r" class="mw-redirect" title="Militær">militære</a> seire. </p><p>Steler har vært benytte i siden antikken i vestlig kultur, ofte som markering av grav eller minne. Både i <a href="/wiki/Antikkens_Hellas" title="Antikkens Hellas">antikkens Hellas</a> og av myndighetene i <a href="/wiki/Romerriket" title="Romerriket">Romerriket</a> ble steler benyttet som grensemarkeringer eller for å markere eiendom. Eldre er <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">obelisker</a> i <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">oldtidens Egypt</a> en spesiell form for stele. Tradisjonelle vestlige <a href="/wiki/Gravminne" title="Gravminne">gravsteiner</a> kan teknisk sett bli kalt for steler, men begrepet benyttes sjelden for disse, og andre stelelignende former i ikke-vestlige kulturer kan ha andre betegnelser. Stele og den <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latinsk</a> formen <i>stela</i>, flertall <i>stelæ</i>, benyttes helst i <a href="/wiki/Arkeologi" title="Arkeologi">arkeologisk</a> sammenheng til objekter i Europa, Midtøsten og Egypt i oldtiden.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og tidvis for <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8rkolumbisk" title="Førkolumbisk">førkolumbiske</a> <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Egyptian_funerary_stela.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Egyptian_funerary_stela.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="339" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption>Gravstele fra <a href="/wiki/Det_gamle_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Det gamle Egypt">Det gamle Egypt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Steler har også blitt benyttet for å annonsere lover og forordninger, for å nedtegne en herskers prestasjoner og ære, å markere hellige områder, markeringssteiner for eiendommer, som av den egyptiske farao <a href="/wiki/Akhnaton" title="Akhnaton">Akhnaton</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Amarna</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eller for å feire og minnes militære seirer, som farao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piye (ikke skrevet ennå)">Piyes</a> seierstele.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Steler ble i omfattende grad benyttet i oldtidens <a href="/wiki/Midt%C3%B8sten" title="Midtøsten">Midtøsten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antikkens_Hellas" title="Antikkens Hellas">Hellas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a>, og ganske sikkert uavhengig også i <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a> som i andre steder i den østlige delen av <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, foruten også uavhengig i de <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerika" title="Mesoamerika">mesoamerikanske</a> <a href="/wiki/Sivilisasjon" title="Sivilisasjon">sivilisasjoner</a> i <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a>, særlig <a href="/wiki/Olmekere" title="Olmekere">olmekere</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og <a href="/wiki/Mayakulturen" title="Mayakulturen">mayakulturen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Et stort antall steler, inkludert med inskripsjoner, er blitt bevart fra <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">oldtidens Egypt</a> og i <a href="/wiki/Sentral-Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Sentral-Amerika">Sentral-Amerika</a>, utgjør den største og mest betydningsfulle kilder for informasjon om disse sivilisasjoner, særskilt mayaenes steler. Det mest kjente eksempelet på stele med inskripsjoner som førte til økt forståelse av fortiden, er <a href="/wiki/Rosettasteinen" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosettasteinen">Rosettasteinen</a>. Den første til et gjennombrudd i avkodingen av egyptiske hieroglyfer. En informativ stele av kong <a href="/wiki/Tiglat-Pileser_III" title="Tiglat-Pileser III">Tiglat-Pileser III</a> av <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> er i dag tatt vare på av <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> i <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. To steler som ble bygget inn muren på en kirke er betydelige dokumenter til forståelsen av <a href="/wiki/Etruskisk_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruskisk språk">etruskisk språk</a>. </p><p>Antatt uferdige stående steiner, <a href="/wiki/Bautastein" title="Bautastein">bautasteiner</a>, satt opp uten inskripsjoner fra <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nord-Afrika" title="Nord-Afrika">Nord-Afrika</a> til <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a>, var monumenter fra de før-litterære <a href="/wiki/Megalitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalitt">megalittiske</a> kulturene i sen <a href="/wiki/Steinalder" class="mw-redirect" title="Steinalder">steinalder</a>. Egyptiske <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">obelisker</a> var en særskilt form for steler. <a href="/wiki/Piktiske_steinmonumenter" title="Piktiske steinmonumenter">De piktiske steiner</a> i <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a> hadde ofte intrikate utskjæringer, og er datert til mellom 500- og 800-tallet e.Kr. De <a href="/wiki/Insul%C3%A6r_kunst" title="Insulær kunst">insulære</a> <a href="/wiki/Keltisk_h%C3%B8ykors" title="Keltisk høykors">keltisk høykorsene</a> i <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a> og <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia_(%C3%B8y)" title="Storbritannia (øy)">Britannia</a> er særskilte steler. <a href="/wiki/Totemp%C3%A5le" title="Totempåle">Totempålene</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nord-Amerika" title="Nord-Amerika">Nord-</a> og <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Amerika" title="Sør-Amerika">Sør-Amerika</a> som er gjort av stein kan også bli betraktet som en særskilt form for steler. <a href="/wiki/Gravminne" title="Gravminne">Gravsteiner</a>, vanligvis med inskripsjoner av navn og tidvis med <a href="/wiki/Epitaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Epitaf">epitaf</a> er blant de vanligste former for steler i vestlig kultur. Arkitekten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Eisenman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Eisenman (ikke skrevet ennå)">Peter Eisenman</a> har med <a href="/wiki/Minnesmerket_over_Europas_myrdete_j%C3%B8der" title="Minnesmerket over Europas myrdete jøder">Minnesmerket over Europas myrdete jøder</a>, innviet 10. mai 2005, skapt et område på 2 711 blanke steler i <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> til minne om de jødene som ble drept av <a href="/wiki/Nazismen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazismen">nazismen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ordbok.uib.no/perl/ordbok.cgi?OPP=stele&ant_bokmaal=5&ant_nynorsk=5&begge=+&ordbok=begge">«stele»</a>, <i>Bokmålsordboka/Nynorskordboka</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=stele&allowed_in_frame=0">stele (n.)</a>, <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Collon, Dominique, et al. (2015): «Stele», <i>Grove Art Online</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Egypt Exploration Society Archaeological Survey of Egypt (1908): <i>Memoirs</i>, s. 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Victory_Stela_of_Piye.htm">«The Victory Stela of Piye»</a>, <i>Real History</i> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Lichtheim, M. (1980): <i>Ancient Egyptian Literature</i>, bind 3, The University of California Press, s. 66ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Pool, Christopher A. (2007): <i>Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica</i>, s. 265</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Pool, Christopher A. (2007): <i>Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica</i>, s. 277</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runestein" title="Runestein">Runestein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalitt">Megalitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palermosteinen" title="Palermosteinen">Palermosteinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27anstelen" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi'anstelen">Den nestorianske stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravminne" title="Gravminne">Gravminne</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Boardman, John, red. (1971): <i>The Cambridge Ancient History</i>, Part 1, 3. utg., <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780521224963" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-22496-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0521224969" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-22496-9</a>.</li> <li>Collon, Dominique, et al. (2015): «Stele», Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. <small>Betalingsmur</small></li> <li>Miller, Mary (1999): <i>Maya Art and Architecture</i>. London, UK and New York, USA: Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/050020327X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-500-20327-X</a>. OCLC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41659173">41659173</a>.</li> <li>Pool, Christopher A. (2007 ): <i>Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica</i>. Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780521783125" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-78312-5</a>.</li> <li>Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P. (2006): <i>The Ancient Maya</i>, 6. utg., Stanford, California, USA: Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0804748179" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8047-4817-9</a>. OCLC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57577446">57577446</a>.</li> <li>Stewart, Daniel Moroni (2009): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1588/">«Parentage Statements and Paired Stelae: Signs of Dynastic Succession for the Classic Maya»</a> (PDF). Provo, Utah, USA: Brigham Young University.</li> <li>Stuart, David (Vår-høst 1996): «Kings of Stone: A Consideration of Stelae in Ancient Maya Ritual and Representation» i: <i>RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics</i>. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: President and Fellows of Harvard College acting through the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology (29/30 The Pre-Columbian): 148–171. JSTOR <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20166947">20166947</a>.</li> <li>Till, Karen E. (2005): <i>The New Berlin: Memory, Politics, Place</i>. University of Minnesota Press</li> <li>Wilkinson, Endymion (2000): <i>Chinese History: A Manual</i>, 2. utg., Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard-Yenching Institute, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0674002490" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-674-00249-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stele&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/162840"><i>The Cesnola collection of Cypriot art: stone sculpture</i></a>, digitalisert samling av katalogen fra Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries, som inneholder materialer om steler.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090410185456/http://www.150.si.edu/150trav/remember/r118a.htm">Funerary Steles</a>, gravsteler</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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