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Jan</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Saeed Ullah Jan"> <meta name="keywords" content="Saeed Ullah Jan"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Saeed Ullah Jan"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 409</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Saeed Ullah Jan</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">409</span> Information Literacy Skills of Legal Practitioners in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan: An Empirical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaukat%20Ullah"> Shaukat Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of the study: The main theme of this study is to explore the information literacy skills of the law practitioners in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan under the heading "Information Literacy Skills of Legal Practitioners in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan: An Empirical Study." Research Method and Procedure: To conduct this quantitative study, the simple random sample approach is used. An adapted questionnaire is distributed among 254 lawyers of Dera Ismail Khan through personal visits and electronic means. The data collected is analyzed through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software. Delimitations of the study: The study is delimited to the southern district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Dera Ismael Khan. Key Findings: Most of the lawyers of District Dera Ismail Khan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa can recognize and understand the needed information. A large number of lawyers are capable of presenting information in both written and electronic forms. They are not comfortable with different legal databases and using various searching and keyword techniques. They have less knowledge of Boolean operators for locating online information. Conclusion and Recommendations: Efforts should be made to arrange refresher courses and training workshops on the utilization of different legal databases and different search techniques for retrieval of information sources. This practice will enhance the information literacy skills of lawyers, which will ultimately result in a better legal system in Pakistan. Practical implication(s): The findings of the study will motivate the policymakers and authorities of legal forums to restructure the information literacy programs to fulfill the lawyers' information needs. Contribution to the knowledge: No significant work has been done on the lawyers' information literacy skills in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. It will bring a clear picture of the information literacy skills of law practitioners and address the problems faced by them during the seeking process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy-Pakistan" title="information literacy-Pakistan">information literacy-Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infromation%20literacy-lawyers" title=" infromation literacy-lawyers"> infromation literacy-lawyers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy-lawyers-KP" title=" information literacy-lawyers-KP"> information literacy-lawyers-KP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law%20practitioners-Pakistan" title=" law practitioners-Pakistan"> law practitioners-Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150590/information-literacy-skills-of-legal-practitioners-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan-an-empirical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">408</span> Information Literacy Among Faculty Members in the Medical Colleges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waheed%20Ullah%20Kha"> Waheed Ullah Kha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of the study: This study aims to assess faculty members' information literacy skills in public sector medical colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Design/Methodology/approach: The descriptive research design was used to conduct and accomplish the study's objectives. The research population consisted of faculty members at public sector medical colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa southern region. Professors, Associate Professors, Assistant Professors, Lecturers, and demonstrators comprise the faculty. The adapted questionnaires were modified and used as data collection instruments. Key findings: The majority of the public sector medical college faculty recognizes the various sources of information, and they use both printed and online materials to identify needed information. The majority of faculty at these medical colleges consults monographs/textbooks regularly, preceded by online journals/medical databases. A good number of medical faculty members opted to use the HEC digital library to locate and access their contents. Delimitations of the study: This study is delimited to three public sector medical colleges operate in southern districts: Khyber Medical University Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) in Kohat, the Gomal Medical College (GMC) in Dera Ismail Khan, and the Bannu Medical College (BMC) in Bannu. Practical implication(s): The findings of the study will motivate the policymakers and authorities of these three medical colleges in the southern region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to enhance the information literacy skills of medical faculty. This practice will result in an effective medical education in the province. Contribution to the knowledge: No significant work has been done on the Faculty's Information literacy skills at public sector medical colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This study will add valuable literature to the literary world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy%20skills-Khyber%20Pakhtunkhwa" title="information literacy skills-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">information literacy skills-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy%20skills-medical%20faculty-Khyber%20Pakhtunkhwa" title=" information literacy skills-medical faculty-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa"> information literacy skills-medical faculty-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20sciences" title=" medical sciences"> medical sciences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20literacy" title=" information literacy"> information literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information-literacy-Pakistan" title=" information-literacy-Pakistan"> information-literacy-Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151530/information-literacy-among-faculty-members-in-the-medical-colleges-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">407</span> Library Anxiety among Library and Information Science Students at Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak, Pakistan: A Bostick Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafaq"> Shafaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumbul"> Sumbul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anxiety is one of the most common emotions and is a normal reaction to danger or a threat. It is a normal reaction to stress and can be beneficial in some situations. It can alert us to dangers and help us prepare and pay attention. The prime aim of this study was to examine the level of anxiety of Library and Information Science students at the Department of Library and Information Science, Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak. A survey method was used for the completion of this study. The response of male respondents was better than female LIS students at the Department of Library and Information Science, Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak. The librarians should have to focus on the information needs of the university students. Special training needs to be arranged for female students to improve their library usage and readership rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=library-anxiety" title="library-anxiety">library-anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=library%20anxiety-students" title=" library anxiety-students"> library anxiety-students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=library%20anxiety%20-students-Pakistan" title=" library anxiety -students-Pakistan"> library anxiety -students-Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144309/library-anxiety-among-library-and-information-science-students-at-khushal-khan-khattak-university-karak-pakistan-a-bostick-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">406</span> Research Development on the Role of Libraries and Librarians during COVID-19: A Scientometric Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zahid"> Muhammad Zahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of study: The main theme of this study is to scrutinize and evaluate the available research on “role of libraries and librarians during COVID-19”. Design/Methodology/Approach: The quantitative research tool Bibliometric was used for the analysis of collected data. All the retrieved articles have been analyzed through MS office, MS Excel. Findings: It was depicted that 48 papers were published in 2021. The researchers from international countries have been published 45 and Pakistani researchers published only3 research papers on the subject cited above. Delimitations of the study: This study is delimited to the research articles published on the role of libraries and librarians during COVID-19. Practical implications: The findings of this study will be guideline for policy makers, higher ups and authorities of various facets of the libraries to revisit their priorities and work for the betterment of effective library culture in the country. Contribution to the knowledge: To the best of author's knowledge, no significant study has been done on this important topic of Library and Information Science research in Pakistan. This study will. add valuable literature the available literary world related to research development on the role of libraries and librarians during COVID-19. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role%20of%20libraries" title="role of libraries">role of libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=libraries" title=" libraries"> libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=librarians" title=" librarians"> librarians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154416/research-development-on-the-role-of-libraries-and-librarians-during-covid-19-a-scientometric-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">405</span> Minimum Half Power Beam Width and Side Lobe Level Reduction of Linear Antenna Array Using Particle Swarm Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ur%20Rahman">Saeed Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Ullah"> Naveed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Irshad%20Khan"> Muhammad Irshad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quensheng%20Cao"> Quensheng Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niaz%20Muhammad%20Khan"> Niaz Muhammad Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the optimization performance of non-uniform linear antenna array is presented. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to minimize Side Lobe Level (SLL) and Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW). The purpose of using the PSO algorithm is to get the optimum values for inter-element spacing and excitation amplitude of linear antenna array that provides a radiation pattern with minimum SLL and HPBW. Various design examples are considered and the obtain results using PSO are confirmed by comparing with results achieved using other nature inspired metaheuristic algorithms such as real coded genetic algorithm (RGA) and biogeography (BBO) algorithm. The comparative results show that optimization of linear antenna array using the PSO provides considerable enhancement in the SLL and HPBW. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20antenna%20array" title="linear antenna array">linear antenna array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20side%20lobe%20level" title=" minimum side lobe level"> minimum side lobe level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrow%20half%20power%20beamwidth" title=" narrow half power beamwidth"> narrow half power beamwidth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76942/minimum-half-power-beam-width-and-side-lobe-level-reduction-of-linear-antenna-array-using-particle-swarm-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">404</span> Girls' Underperformance in Science: From Biological Determinism and Feminist Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Ullah">Raza Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazir%20Ullah"> Hazir Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is ample evidence that reveals the outstanding performance of girls in a different range of subjects. However, it is pertinent to mention here that boys have historically dominated girls, particularly in math, physics, and technological subjects across the globe with the exception of few developed countries. This article examines the reasons why girls are underdog in STEM subjects. The article critically analyzes two main approaches towards gender and education: biological determinist and feminist. This article highlights that social factors influencing girls performance in STEM subjects have not analyzed critically, and girls underachieving in science has linked with biological and sex differences. The article concludes that the underperformance of girls in a STEM subject is the direct response of socio-cultural factors. Thus, socio-cultural factors are responsible for the dearth of girls in STEM subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underperformance" title=" underperformance"> underperformance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STEM" title=" STEM"> STEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex" title=" sex"> sex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112623/girls-underperformance-in-science-from-biological-determinism-and-feminist-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">403</span> DC-to-DC Converters for Low-Voltage High-Power Renewable Energy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdar%20Ali">Abdar Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizwan%20Ullah"> Rizwan Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahid%20Ullah"> Zahid Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the study of DC-to-DC converters, which are suitable for low-voltage high-power applications. The output voltages generated by renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic arrays and fuel cell stacks are generally low and required to be increased to high voltage levels. Development of DC-to-DC converters, which provide high step-up voltage conversion ratios with high efficiencies and low voltage stresses is one of the main issues in the development of renewable energy systems. A procedure for three converters-conventional DC-to-DC converter, interleaved boost converter, and isolated flyback based converter, is illustrated for a given set of specifications. The selection among the converters for the given application is based on the voltage conversion ratio, efficiency, and voltage stresses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flyback%20converter" title="flyback converter">flyback converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interleaved%20boost" title=" interleaved boost"> interleaved boost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20array" title=" photovoltaic array"> photovoltaic array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell" title=" fuel cell"> fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switch%20stress" title=" switch stress"> switch stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20conversion%20ratio" title=" voltage conversion ratio"> voltage conversion ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32572/dc-to-dc-converters-for-low-voltage-high-power-renewable-energy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">596</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">402</span> Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Postgraduate Students of Kohat University of Science and Technology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ali"> Muhammad Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misbah%20Ullah%20Awan"> Misbah Ullah Awan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study investigated the information needs and seeking behaviour, and hurdles to information seeking of Post Graduate students of Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It focused on the information requirements of the post-graduate students of the university, the pattern they use for seeking information, and the difficulties they face while seeking information. Design/Methodology/approach: This study used a quantitative approach, adapting a survey questionnaire method for data collection. The population of this study was composed of M.Phil. and Ph.D. students of 2019 and 2020 in the faculties of Physical and Numerical Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological Sciences, and Social Sciences of KUST. The sample size was 260. Students were selected randomly. The study response rate was 77%, and data were analyzed through SPSS (22 versions). Key findings: The study revealed that Most students' information needs were for study and research activities, new knowledge, and career development. To fulfill these needs, the scholars use various sources and resources. The sources they used for information needs were journal articles, textbooks, and research projects commonly. For the information-seeking purpose, often, students prefer books that have some importance. The other factors that played an essential role in selecting material were topical relevance, Novelty, Recommended by colleagues, and publisher's reputation. Most of the students thought that Book Exhibitions, Open Access systems in the Library, and the Display of new arrivals could enhance the students' information-seeking. The main problem seeking information was faced by them was a shortage of printed information resources. Overall they wanted more facilities, enhancement in the library collection, and better services. Delimitations of the study: This study has not included 1) BS and M.Sc. Students of KUST; 2) The colleges and institutions affiliated with KUST; 3) This study was delimited only to the Post Graduate students of KUST. Practical implication(s): The findings of the study motivate the policymakers and authorities of KUST to restructure the information literacy programs to fulfill the scholars' information needs. It may inform the policymakers to know the difficulties faced by scholars during information seeking. Contribution to the knowledge: No significant work has been done on the students' information needs and seeking behaviour at KUST. The study analyzed the information needs and seeking behaviour of post graduate students. It brought a clear picture of information needs and seeking behaviour of scholars and addressed the problems faced by them during the seeking process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20needs%20of%20Pakistan" title="information needs of Pakistan">information needs of Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information-seeking%20behaviors" title=" information-seeking behaviors"> information-seeking behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postgraduate%20students" title=" postgraduate students"> postgraduate students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20libraries" title=" university libraries"> university libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohat%20university%20of%20science%20and%20technology" title=" Kohat university of science and technology"> Kohat university of science and technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khyber%20Pakhtunkhwa" title=" Khyber Pakhtunkhwa"> Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150512/information-needs-and-seeking-behaviour-of-postgraduate-students-of-kohat-university-of-science-and-technology-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">401</span> Predictors and 3-Year Outcomes of Compromised Left Circumflex Coronary Artery After Left Main Crossover Stenting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah">Hameed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Elakabawi"> Karim Elakabawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20KE"> Han KE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najeeb%20Ullah"> Najeeb Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Ullah"> Habib Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardar%20Ali%20Shah"> Sardar Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Haider%20Khan"> Hamad Haider Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asad%20Khan"> Muhammad Asad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Guo"> Ning Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuyi%20Yuan"> Zuyi Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Predictors of decreased fractional flow reserve at left circumflex coronary artery after left main (LM) crossover stenting are still lacking. The objectives of the present study were to provide the predictors for low Fractional flow reserve (FFR) at coronary artery (LCx) and the possible treatment strategies for the compromised LCx-together with their long term outcomes. Methods: A total of 563 included patients out of 1974 patients admitted to our hospital from February 2015 to November 2020 with significant distal LM-bifurcation lesions. The enrolled patients underwent single-stent cross-over PCI under IVUS guidance with further LCx intervention as indicated by measured FFR. Results: The included patients showed angiographic significant LCx ostial affection after LM-stenting, but only 116 (20.6%) patients had FFR <0.8. The 3-year composite MACE rates were comparable between the high and low FFR groups (16.8% vs. 15.5%, respectively; P=0.744). In a multivariable analysis, a low FFR in the LCx was associated with post-stenting MLA of the LCx (OR: 0.032, P <0.001), post-stenting LCx-plaque burden (OR: 1.166, P <0.001), post-stenting LM-MLA (OR: 0.821, P =0.038) and pre-stenting LCx-MLA (OR: 0.371, P =0.044). In patients with low FFR, management of compromised LCx with DEB had the lowest 3-year MACE rate (8.1%) as compared to either KBI (17.5%) or stenting group (20.5%), P =0.299. Conclusion: FFR-guided LCx intervention can avoid unnecessary LCx intervention. The post-stenting predictors of low FFR include post-stenting MLA and plaque burden of the LCx and MV stent length. The 3-year MACE rates were comparable between high FFR patients and patients who had low FFR and were adequately managed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20flow%20reserve" title="fractional flow reserve">fractional flow reserve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20main%20stem" title=" left main stem"> left main stem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percutaneous%20coronary%20interventions" title=" percutaneous coronary interventions"> percutaneous coronary interventions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intravascular%20ultrasound" title=" intravascular ultrasound"> intravascular ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185752/predictors-and-3-year-outcomes-of-compromised-left-circumflex-coronary-artery-after-left-main-crossover-stenting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">400</span> Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge Converters for the Battery Charger of Electric Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizwan%20Ullah">Rizwan Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdar%20Ali"> Abdar Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahid%20Ullah"> Zahid Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper illustrates the study of three isolated zero voltage switched (ZVS) PWM full bridge (FB) converters to charge the high voltage battery in the charger of electric vehicle (EV). EV battery chargers have several challenges such as high efficiency, high reliability, low cost, isolation, and high power density. The cost of magnetic and filter components in the battery charger is reduced when switching frequency is increased. The increase in the switching frequency increases switching losses. ZVS is used to reduce switching losses and to operate the converter in the battery charger at high frequency. The performance of each of the three converters is evaluated on the basis of ZVS range, dead times of the switches, conduction losses of switches, circulating current stress, circulating energy, duty cycle loss, and efficiency. The limitations and merits of each PWM FB converter are reviewed. The converter with broader ZVS range, high efficiency and low switch stresses is selected for battery charger applications in EV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title="electric vehicle">electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWM%20FB%20converter" title=" PWM FB converter"> PWM FB converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20voltage%20switching" title=" zero voltage switching"> zero voltage switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circulating%20energy" title=" circulating energy"> circulating energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54708/zero-voltage-switched-full-bridge-converters-for-the-battery-charger-of-electric-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">399</span> Assessment of E-Readiness in Libraries of Public Sector Universities Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ullah%20Jan">Saeed Ullah Jan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has examined the e-readiness in libraries of public sector universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Efforts were made to evaluate the availability of human resources, electronic infrastructure, and network services and programs in the public sector university libraries. The population of the study was the twenty-seven public sector university libraries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A quantitative approach was adopted, and a questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect data from the librarian/in charge of public sector university libraries. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 (SPSS). The mean score of the knowledge component interpreted magnitudes below three which indicates that the respondents are poorly or moderately satisfied regards knowledge of libraries. The satisfaction level of the respondents about the other components, such as electronic infrastructure, network services and programs, and enhancers of the networked world, was rated as average or below. The study suggested that major aspects of existing public-sector university libraries require significant transformation. For this purpose, the government should provide all the required resources and facilities to meet the population's informational and recreational demands. The Information Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure of public university libraries needs improvement in terms of the availability of computer equipment, databases, network servers, multimedia projectors, digital cameras, uninterruptible power supply, scanners, and backup devices such as hard discs and Digital Video Disc/Compact Disc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT-libraries" title="ICT-libraries">ICT-libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-readiness-libraries" title=" e-readiness-libraries"> e-readiness-libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-readiness-university%20libraries" title=" e-readiness-university libraries"> e-readiness-university libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-readiness-Pakistan" title=" e-readiness-Pakistan"> e-readiness-Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167597/assessment-of-e-readiness-in-libraries-of-public-sector-universities-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">398</span> Reliability of Dissimilar Metal Soldered Joint in Fabrication of Electromagnetic Interference Shielded Door Frame </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehan%20Waheed">Rehan Waheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Aftab%20Saeed"> Hasan Aftab Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wasim%20Tarar"> Wasim Tarar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Mahmood"> Khalid Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Ullah%20Butt"> Sajid Ullah Butt </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielded doors made from brass extruded channels need to be welded with shielded enclosures to attain optimum shielding performance. Control of welding induced distortion is a problem in welding dissimilar metals like steel and brass. In this research, soldering of the steel-brass joint has been proposed to avoid weld distortion. The material used for brass channel is UNS C36000. The thickness of brass is defined by the manufacturing process, i.e. extrusion. The thickness of shielded enclosure material (ASTM A36) can be varied to produce joint between the dissimilar metals. Steel sections of different gauges are soldered using (91% tin, 9% zinc) solder to the brass, and strength of joint is measured by standard test procedures. It is observed that thin steel sheets produce a stronger bond with brass. The steel sections further require to be welded with shielded enclosure steel sheets through TIG welding process. Stresses and deformation in the vicinity of soldered portion is calculated through FE simulation. Crack formation in soldered area is also studied through experimental work. It has been found that in thin sheets deformation produced due to applied force is localized and has no effect on soldered joint area whereas in thick sheets profound cracks have been observed in soldered joint. The shielding effectiveness of EMI shielded door is compromised due to these cracks. The shielding effectiveness of the specimens is tested and results are compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20metal" title="dissimilar metal">dissimilar metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMI%20shielding" title=" EMI shielding"> EMI shielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20strength" title=" joint strength"> joint strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soldering" title=" soldering"> soldering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94980/reliability-of-dissimilar-metal-soldered-joint-in-fabrication-of-electromagnetic-interference-shielded-door-frame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">397</span> Green It-Outsourcing Assurance Model for It-Outsourcing Vendors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siffat%20%20Ullah%20Khan">Siffat Ullah Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmat%20Ullah%20Khan"> Rahmat Ullah Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafiq%20%20Ahmad%20Khan"> Rafiq Ahmad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habibullah%20Khan"> Habibullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green IT or green computing has emerged as a fast growing business paradigm in recent years in order to develop energy-efficient Software and peripheral devices. With the constant evolution of technology and the world critical environmental status, all private and public information technology (IT) businesses are moving towards sustainability. We identified, through systematic literature review and questionnaire survey, 9 motivators, in total, faced by vendors in IT-Outsourcing relationship. Amongst these motivators 7 were ranked as critical motivators. We also identified 21, in total, practices for addressing these critical motivators. Based on these inputs we have developed Green IT-Outsourcing Assurance Model (GITAM) for IT-Outsourcing vendors. The model comprises four different levels. i.e. Initial, White, Green and Grey. Each level comprises different critical motivators and their relevant practices. We conclude that our model, GITAM, will assist IT-Outsourcing vendors in gauging their level in order to manage IT-Outsourcing activities in a green and sustainable fashion to assist the environment and to reduce the carbon emission. The model will assist vendors in improving their current level by suggesting various practices. The model will contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of Green IT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%20IT-outsourcing%20Assurance%20Model%20%28GITAM%29" title="Green IT-outsourcing Assurance Model (GITAM)">Green IT-outsourcing Assurance Model (GITAM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Systematic%20Literature%20Review" title=" Systematic Literature Review"> Systematic Literature Review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Empirical%20Study" title=" Empirical Study"> Empirical Study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Case%20Study" title=" Case Study"> Case Study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132174/green-it-outsourcing-assurance-model-for-it-outsourcing-vendors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">396</span> Effect of Botanical and Synthetic Insecticide on Different Insect Pests and Yield of Pea (Pisum sativum)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Saeed">Muhammad Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazeer%20Ahmed"> Nazeer Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Alam"> Mukhtar Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazli%20Subhan"> Fazli Subhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Adnan"> Muhammad Adnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazli%20Wahid"> Fazli Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidayat%20Ullah"> Hidayat Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafiullah"> Rafiullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present experiment evaluated different synthetic insecticides against Jassid (Amrasca devastations) on pea crop at Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The field was prepared to cultivate okra crop in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Design having six treatments with four replications. Plant to plant and row to row distance was kept at 15 cm and 30 cm, respectively. Pre and post spray data were recorded randomly from the top, middle and bottom leaves of five selected plants. Five synthetic insecticides, namely Confidor (Proponil), a neonicotinoid insecticide, Chlorpyrifos (chlorinated organophosphate (OP) insecticide), Lazer (dinitroaniline) (Pendimethaline), Imidacloprid (neonicotinoids insecticide) and Thiodan (Endosulfan, organochlorine insecticide), were used against infestation of aphids, pea pod borer, stem fly, leaf minor and pea weevil. Each synthetic insecticide showed significantly more effectiveness than control (untreated plots) but was non-significant among each other. The lowest population density was recorded in the plot treated with synthetic insecticide i.e. Confidor (0.6175 liter.ha-1) (4.24 aphids plant⁻¹) which is followed by Imidacloprid (0.6175 liter.ha⁻¹) (4.64 pea pod borer plant⁻¹), Thiodan (1.729 liter.ha⁻¹) (4.78 leaf minor plant⁻¹), Lazer (2.47 liter.ha-1) (4.91 pea weevil plant⁻¹), Chlorpyrifos (1.86 liter.ha⁻¹) (5.11 stem fly plant⁻¹), respectively while the highest population was recorded from the control plot. It is concluded from the data that the residual effect decreases with time after the application of spray, which may be less dangerous to the environment and human beings and can effectively manage this dread. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=okra%20crop" title="okra crop">okra crop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jassids" title=" jassids"> jassids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Confidor" title=" Confidor"> Confidor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imidacloprid" title=" imidacloprid"> imidacloprid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorpyrifos" title=" chlorpyrifos"> chlorpyrifos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiodan" title=" Thiodan"> Thiodan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147696/effect-of-botanical-and-synthetic-insecticide-on-different-insect-pests-and-yield-of-pea-pisum-sativum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">395</span> Agro-Climatic Analysis in the Northern Areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ullah">Zia Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruh%20Ullah"> Ruh Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A research study was conceded in four locations (Swat, Dir, Kakul and Balakot) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, to find agro-climatic classes by using aridity index, Growing Degree Days of wheat and maize, crop growth index and Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall by using long term climatic data (1970-2010). The climatic data used for research was acquired from Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) Islamabad, Agriculture Research Institute, Weather Station Peshawar and Tarnab Peshawar. Agro-climatic classes of each location were determined using three criteria mean temperature of the coldest month, mean temperature of the warmest month and aridity index. The agro-climatic classes of Dir, Swat, Kakul and Balakot were classified as Humid, Cold and very Warm (H-K-VW). Average aridity index of wheat for Dir, Swat, Kakul, and Balakot was 2.23, 2.67, 1.94 and 2.34 and for Maize was 1.31, 1.26, 1.97, and 2.83 respectively. The overall and decade-wise trend of GDD of Wheat and Maize was declined in Swat and Kakul while increased in Dir and Balakot.The average maximum CGI (1.26) and (0.73) of Wheat and Maize was observed for Balakot and Dir, while the minimum (1.09) and (0.62) was observed for Swat and Kakul. Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall shows that the trend has increased in Swat while decreased in Dir, Kakul and Balakot. From the relation between rainfalls with altitude showed that there was an increasing trend between rainfalls with altitude. The maximum average rainfall was in Swat (2703mm) on altitude 2000m while the minimum average rainfall was observed in Kakul (1410mm) on altitude of 1255m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agro-climatic%20zones" title="agro-climatic zones">agro-climatic zones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aridity%20index" title=" aridity index"> aridity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDD" title=" GDD"> GDD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87732/agro-climatic-analysis-in-the-northern-areas-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">394</span> Study of the Effect of Using Corn-Cob Ash on Mortar and Concrete Properties: Case Study of Sudan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taghried%20I.%20M.%20Abdel-Magid">Taghried I. M. Abdel-Magid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gheida%20T.%20A.%20Al-Khelifa"> Gheida T. A. Al-Khelifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20O.%20Adam"> Ahmed O. Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esra%20G.%20A.%20Mohamed"> Esra G. A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20M.%20S.%20Saeed"> Saeed M. S. Saeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of pozzolanic materials in concrete industry is facing challenges due to unpredictable behavior of natural materials. Corncob ash (CCA) is considered to be one of the promising plant-based materials that possess cementitious properties. Corn is one of the major planted crops in Sudan. Corncob is considered as waste and normally thrown away or burnt. The main purpose of this research was to test the hypothesis that CCA can sufficiently replace cement in a concrete mixture or a cement mortar. In this study, CCA was used to replace cement in mortar in three percentages: 0, 20, and 25%. The effect of this replacement was found to be positive in terms of long-term compressive strength, while not as such in short-term compressive strength. In the concrete mix, the introduction of CCA was found to have a positive impact on the slump test characteristics, whereas the early and late compressive strengths deteriorated by approximately 30%. More research is needed in this area to upgrade the efficient use of CCA in cement mortar and concrete properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cementitious%20materials" title="cementitious materials">cementitious materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corncob%20ash" title=" corncob ash"> corncob ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic%20materials" title=" pozzolanic materials"> pozzolanic materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89923/study-of-the-effect-of-using-corn-cob-ash-on-mortar-and-concrete-properties-case-study-of-sudan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">393</span> Impure Water, a Future Disaster: A Case Study of Lahore Ground Water Quality with GIS Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Waqar%20Aslam">Rana Waqar Aslam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urooj%20Saeed"> Urooj Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammad%20Mehmood"> Hammad Mehmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah"> Hameed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imtiaz%20Younas"> Imtiaz Younas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research has been conducted to assess the water quality in and around Lahore Metropolitan area on the basis of three different land uses, i.e. residential, commercial, and industrial land uses. For this, 29 sample sites have been selected on the basis of simple random sampling technique. Samples were collected at the source (WASA tube wells). The criteria for selecting sample sites are to have a maximum concentration of population in the selected land uses. The results showed that in the residential land use the proportion of nitrate and turbidity is at their highest level in the areas of Allama Iqbal Town and Samanabad Town. Commercial land use of Gulberg and Data Gunj Bakhsh Town have highest level of proportion of chlorides, calcium, TDS, pH, Mg, total hardness, arsenic and alkalinity. Whereas in industrial type of land use in Ravi and Wahga Town have the proportion of arsenic, Mg, nitrate, pH, and turbidity are at their highest level. The high rate of concentration of these parameters in these areas is basically due to the old and fractured pipelines that allow bacterial as well as physiochemical contaminants to contaminate the portable water at the sources. Furthermore, it is seen in most areas that waste water from domestic, industrial, as well as municipal sources may get easy discharge into open spaces and water bodies, like, cannels, rivers, lakes that seeps and become a part of ground water. In addition, huge dumps located in Lahore are becoming the cause of ground water contamination as when the rain falls, the water gets seep into the ground and impures the ground water quality. On the basis of the derived results with the help of Geo-spatial technology ACRGIS 9.3 Interpolation (IDW), it is recommended that water filtration plants must be installed with specific parameter control. A separate team for proper inspection has to be made for water quality check at the source. Old water pipelines must be replaced with the new pipelines, and safe water depth must be ensured at the source end. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title=" disaster"> disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDW" title=" IDW"> IDW</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78194/impure-water-a-future-disaster-a-case-study-of-lahore-ground-water-quality-with-gis-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">392</span> Evaluation of Osteoprotegrin (OPG) and Tumor Necrosis Factor A (TNF-A) Changes in Synovial Fluid and Serum in Dogs with Osteoarthritis; An Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behrooz%20Nikahval">Behrooz Nikahval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saeed%20Ahrari-Khafi"> Mohammad Saeed Ahrari-Khafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakineh%20Behroozpoor"> Sakineh Behroozpoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Nazifi"> Saeed Nazifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and degenerative condition of the articular cartilage and other joints’ structures. It is essential to diagnose this condition as early as possible. The present research was performed to measure the Osteoprotegrin (OPG) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) in synovial fluid and blood serum of dogs with surgically transected cruciate ligament as a model of OA, to evaluate if measuring of these parameters can be used as a way of early diagnosis of OA. In the present study, four mature, clinically healthy dogs were selected to investigate the effect of experimental OA, on OPG and TNF-α as a way of early detection of OA. OPG and TNF-α were measured in synovial fluid and blood serum on days 0, 14, 28, 90 and 180 after surgical transaction of cranial cruciate ligament in one stifle joint. Statistical analysis of the results showed that there was a significant increase in TNF-α in both synovial fluid and blood serum. OPG showed a decrease two weeks after OA induction. However, it fluctuated afterward. In conclusion, TNF-α could be used in both synovial fluid and blood serum as a way of early detection of OA; however, further research still needs to be conducted on OPG values in OA detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoarthritis" title="osteoarthritis">osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoprotegrin" title=" osteoprotegrin"> osteoprotegrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20necrosis%20factor%20%CE%B1" title=" tumor necrosis factor α"> tumor necrosis factor α</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synovial%20fluid" title=" synovial fluid"> synovial fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum" title=" serum"> serum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title=" dog"> dog</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61004/evaluation-of-osteoprotegrin-opg-and-tumor-necrosis-factor-a-tnf-a-changes-in-synovial-fluid-and-serum-in-dogs-with-osteoarthritis-an-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">391</span> Determinants of Risk Perceptions and Risk Attitude among Flue-Cured Virginia Tobacco Growers: A Case Study of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wencong%20Lu">Wencong Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Latif"> Abdul Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Ullah"> Raza Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhan%20Ullah"> Subhan Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agricultural production is subject to risk and the attitudes of producers toward risk, in turn, may be affected by certain socioeconomic characteristics of producers. Although, it is important to assess the risk attitude of farmers and their perception towards different calamitous risk sources for better understanding of their risk management adoption decisions, to the best of our knowledge no studies have been carried out to analyze the risk attitude and risk perceptions in the context of tobacco production in Pakistan. Therefore the study in hand is conducted with an attempt to overcome the gap in existing literature by analyzing different catastrophic risk sources faced by tobacco growers, their attitude towards risk and the effect of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, farmers’ participation in contract farming and off-farm diversification on their risk attitude and risk perception. Around 78% of Pakistan’s entire tobacco crop and nearly all of the country’s Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco is produced in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province alone. The yield/hectare of tobacco produced in KPK province is 14% higher than the global average and 22 % higher than national average. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province was selected as main study area as nearly all of the country’s Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco is produced in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province alone. Six districts were purposely selected based on their contribution in overall production for the last five years which accounts for more than 94.84% of the tobacco production in KPK province. Specific objectives taken into considerations for this study are the risk attitude of the farmers for growing FCV tobacco crop, farmers’ risk perception for different risk sources related to tobacco production (as far as the incidence and severity of each risk source is concerned) and the effect of socioeconomic characteristics, contract farming participation and off-farm diversification (income) on the risk attitude and risk perception of FCV tobacco growers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20attitude" title="risk attitude">risk attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title=" risk perception"> risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contract%20farming" title=" contract farming"> contract farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-farm%20diversification" title=" off-farm diversification"> off-farm diversification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probit%20model" title=" probit model"> probit model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74854/determinants-of-risk-perceptions-and-risk-attitude-among-flue-cured-virginia-tobacco-growers-a-case-study-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">390</span> Physical Inactivity and Junk Food Consumption Consequent Obesity among University Girls: A Cross Sectional Study Unveils the Mayhem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Mahmood">Shahid Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Mueen-Ud-Din"> Ghulam Mueen-Ud-Din</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Naz%20Akbar"> Farah Naz Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousaf%20Quddoos"> Yousaf Quddoos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Mahvish%20Zahra"> Syeda Mahvish Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajiha%20Saeed"> Wajiha Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayyaba%20Sami%20Ullah"> Tayyaba Sami Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity is an epidemic across the globe that affects all the segments of the population. Physical inactivity, passionate consumption of junk food, inadequate water intake and an unhealthy lifestyle are evident among university girls that are ruining their health gravely especially fat accumulation. The study was carried out to investigate the potential etiological factors of obesity development in university girls. The cross sectional study was carried out after approval of the Departmental Review Committee for Ethics (DRCE) as the par Declaration of Helsinki at Institute of Food Science and Nutrition (IFSN), University of Sargodha, Sargodha-Pakistan and Department of Food Science and Home Economics, G. C. Women University, Faisalabad-Pakistan. 400 girls were selected randomly from different departments of both universities. Nutritional status of the volunteers was assessed through approved protocols for demographics, anthropometrics, body composition, energetics, vital signs, clinical signs and symptoms, medical/family history, and dietary intake assessment (FFQ), water intake and physical activity level. The obesity was determined on body fat (%). Alarming and unheeded etiological factors for the development of obesity in girls were explored by the study. About 93 % girls had a sedentary level of physical activity, zealous consumption of junk food (5.31±1.23 servings), drank little water (1.09±0.26 L/day) that consequent high heaps of fat (35.06±3.02 %), measly body water (52.38±3.4 %), poor bone mass (05.14±0.31 Kg), and high BMI (26.68±1.14 Kg/m²) in 34% girls. The malnutrition also depicted by poor vital signs i.e. low body temperature (97.11±0.93 °F), slightly higher blood pressure (124.19±4.08 / 85.25±2.97 mmHg), rapid pulse rate (99.2 ± 6.85 beats/min), reduced blood O₂ saturation (96.53±0.96 %), scanty peak expiratory flow rate (297 ± 15.7 L /min). The outcomes of the research articulated that physical inactivity; extreme intakes of junk food, insufficient water consumption are etiological factors for obesity development among girls which are usually overlooked in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informed%20consent" title="informed consent">informed consent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=junk%20food" title=" junk food"> junk food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20inactivity" title=" physical inactivity"> physical inactivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97065/physical-inactivity-and-junk-food-consumption-consequent-obesity-among-university-girls-a-cross-sectional-study-unveils-the-mayhem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">389</span> Demographic Profile, Risk Factors and In-hospital Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in Young Population, in Pakistan-Single Center Real World Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Qudrat">Asma Qudrat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Ullah"> Abid Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafi%20Ullah"> Rafi Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Raza"> Ali Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Zeb"> Shah Zeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ali%20Shan%20Ul-Haq"> Syed Ali Shan Ul-Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahkar%20Ahmed%20Shah"> Shahkar Ahmed Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attiya%20Hameed%20Khan"> Attiya Hameed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Zaheer"> Saad Zaheer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umama%20Qasim"> Umama Qasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiran%20Jamal"> Kiran Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahoor%20khan"> Zahoor khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major public health issue associated with high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. Young patients with ACS have unique characteristics with different demographic profiles and risk factors. The precise diagnosis and early risk stratification is important in guiding treatment and predicting the prognosis of young patients with ACS. To evaluate the associated demographics, risk factors, and outcomes profile of ACS in young age patients. Methods: The research follow a retrospective design, the single centre study of patients diagnosis with the first event of ACS in young age (>18 and <40) were included. Data collection included demographic profiles, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes of young ACS patients. The patient’s data was retrieved through Electronic Medical Records (EMR) of Peshawar Institute of Cardiology (PIC), and all characteristic were assessed. Results: In this study, 77% were male, and 23% were female patients. The risk factors were assessed with CAD and shown significant results (P < 0.01). The most common presentation was STEMI, with (45%) most in ACS young patients. The angiographic pattern showed single vessel disease (SVD) in 49%, double vessel disease (DVD) in 17% and triple vessel disease (TVD) was found in 10%, and Left Artery Disease (LAD) (54%) was present to be the most common involved artery. Conclusion: It is concluded that the male sex was predominant in ACS young age patients. SVD was the common coronary angiographic ﬁnding. Risk factors showed significant results towards CAD and common presentations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20disease" title="coronary artery disease">coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Non-ST%20elevation%20myocardial%20infarction" title=" Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction"> Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ST%20elevation%20myocardial%20infarction" title=" ST elevation myocardial infarction"> ST elevation myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unstable%20angina" title=" unstable angina"> unstable angina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title=" acute coronary syndrome"> acute coronary syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154361/demographic-profile-risk-factors-and-in-hospital-outcomes-of-acute-coronary-syndrome-acs-in-young-population-in-pakistan-single-center-real-world-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">388</span> Preventing Violent Extremism through Augmenting Community Resilience and Empowering Community Members in Swat </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.%20Muhammad%20Idris%20Idris">Dr. Muhammad Idris Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.%20Said%20Saeed%20Saeed"> Dr. Said Saeed Saeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Terrorism is the chronic issue of the hour. It is the disciplined practice of vicious activities like assassinating, slaughtering, mutilating, and frightening of the innocents to attain religious, fiscal, and political goals and to question the authority of the government. Leaders of the world promised to transform the planet by empowering community members and building community resilience (CR) against terrorism. This study concentrates to explore building community resilience against terrorism and empowering community members and implement strategies for strengthening community resilience. For data collection a mixed methods methodology will be used. Means, STD deviation, Pearson correlation, and thematic analysis will be employed to analyze the gathered data. The findings of the study will be interpreted and recommendations will be furnished accordingly. Study results will be disseminated to all concerned through conferences and seminar sessions. It is predicted that after the completion, the project team will be in a robust position to start writing the report that concentrates on strengthening community resilience, which is the crucial goal of this project. The publication will contribute effectively to all stakeholders and society, particularly to the lower rungs of social order. Moreover, it is expected that this project will contribute to future research in the domain of community resilience. This project will also reveal the remarkable potential of archival research on community resilience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Violent%20Extremism" title="Violent Extremism">Violent Extremism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20Role" title=" community Role"> community Role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20resilience" title=" community resilience"> community resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20empowerment" title=" community empowerment"> community empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leadership%20role" title=" Leadership role"> Leadership role</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129855/preventing-violent-extremism-through-augmenting-community-resilience-and-empowering-community-members-in-swat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">387</span> Optimization of Shale Gas Production by Advanced Hydraulic Fracturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazl%20Ullah">Fazl Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmat%20Ullah"> Rahmat Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper shows a comprehensive learning focused on the optimization of gas production in shale gas reservoirs through hydraulic fracturing. Shale gas has emerged as an important unconventional vigor resource, necessitating innovative techniques to enhance its extraction. The key objective of this study is to examine the influence of fracture parameters on reservoir productivity and formulate strategies for production optimization. A sophisticated model integrating gas flow dynamics and real stress considerations is developed for hydraulic fracturing in multi-stage shale gas reservoirs. This model encompasses distinct zones: a single-porosity medium region, a dual-porosity average region, and a hydraulic fracture region. The apparent permeability of the matrix and fracture system is modeled using principles like effective stress mechanics, porous elastic medium theory, fractal dimension evolution, and fluid transport apparatuses. The developed model is then validated using field data from the Barnett and Marcellus formations, enhancing its reliability and accuracy. By solving the partial differential equation by means of COMSOL software, the research yields valuable insights into optimal fracture parameters. The findings reveal the influence of fracture length, diversion capacity, and width on gas production. For reservoirs with higher permeability, extending hydraulic fracture lengths proves beneficial, while complex fracture geometries offer potential for low-permeability reservoirs. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of hydraulic cracking dynamics in shale gas reservoirs and provides essential guidance for optimizing gas production. The research findings are instrumental for energy industry professionals, researchers, and policymakers alike, shaping the future of sustainable energy extraction from unconventional resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid-solid%20coupling" title="fluid-solid coupling">fluid-solid coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparent%20permeability" title=" apparent permeability"> apparent permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shale%20gas%20reservoir" title=" shale gas reservoir"> shale gas reservoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20property" title=" fracture property"> fracture property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175223/optimization-of-shale-gas-production-by-advanced-hydraulic-fracturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">386</span> An E-coaching Methodology for Higher Education in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essam%20Almuhsin">Essam Almuhsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Soh"> Ben Soh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20Li"> Alice Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azmat%20Ullah"> Azmat Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is widely accepted that university students must acquire new knowledge, skills, awareness, and understanding to increase opportunities for professional and personal growth. The study reveals a significant increase in users engaging in e-coaching activities and a growing need for it during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper proposes an e-coaching methodology for higher education in Saudi Arabia to address the need for effective coaching in the current online learning environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role%20of%20e-coaching" title="role of e-coaching">role of e-coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-coaching%20in%20higher%20education" title=" e-coaching in higher education"> e-coaching in higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20higher%20education%20environment" title=" Saudi higher education environment"> Saudi higher education environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-coaching%20methodology" title=" e-coaching methodology"> e-coaching methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20importance%20of%20e-coaching" title=" the importance of e-coaching"> the importance of e-coaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162872/an-e-coaching-methodology-for-higher-education-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">385</span> Impact of Gaming Environment in Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Ataur%20Rahman%20Bhuiyan">Md. Ataur Rahman Bhuiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quazi%20Mahabubul%20Hasan"> Quazi Mahabubul Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Rifat%20Ullah"> Md. Rifat Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, we did explore the effectiveness of the gaming environment in education and compared it with the traditional education system. We take several workshops in both learning environments. We measured student’s performance by providing a grading score (by professional academics) on their attitude in different criteria. We also collect data from survey questionnaires to understand student’s experiences towards education and study. Finally, we examine the impact of the different learning environments by applying statistical hypothesis tests, the T-test, and the ANOVA test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title="gamification">gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game-based%20learning" title=" game-based learning"> game-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-computer%20interaction" title=" human-computer interaction"> human-computer interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140355/impact-of-gaming-environment-in-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">384</span> Vegetation Assessment Under the Influence of Environmental Variables; A Case Study from the Yakhtangay Hill of Himalayan Range, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah">Hameed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shujaul%20Mulk%20Khan"> Shujaul Mulk Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahid%20Ullah"> Zahid Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeeshan%20Ahmad%20Sadia%20Jahangir"> Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Jahangir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah"> Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Ur%20Rahman"> Amin Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Suliman"> Muhammad Suliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dost%20Muhammad"> Dost Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interrelationship between vegetation and abiotic variables inside an ecosystem is one of the main jobs of plant scientists. This study was designed to investigate the vegetation structure and species diversity along with the environmental variables in the Yakhtangay hill district Shangla of the Himalayan Mountain series Pakistan by using multivariate statistical analysis. Quadrat’s method was used and a total of 171 Quadrats were laid down 57 for Tree, Shrubs and Herbs, respectively, to analyze the phytosociological attributes of the vegetation. The vegetation of the selected area was classified into different Life and leaf-forms according to Raunkiaer classification, while PCORD software version 5 was used to classify the vegetation into different plants communities by Two-way indicator species Analysis (TWINSPAN). The CANOCCO version 4.5 was used for DCA and CCA analysis to find out variation directories of vegetation with different environmental variables. A total of 114 plants species belonging to 45 different families was investigated inside the area. The Rosaceae (12 species) was the dominant family followed by Poaceae (10 species) and then Asteraceae (7 species). Monocots were more dominant than Dicots and Angiosperms were more dominant than Gymnosperms. Among the life forms the Hemicryptophytes and Nanophanerophytes were dominant, followed by Therophytes, while among the leaf forms Microphylls were dominant, followed by Leptophylls. It is concluded that among the edaphic factors such as soil pH, the concentration of soil organic matter, Calcium Carbonates concentration in soil, soil EC, soil TDS, and physiographic factors such as Altitude and slope are affecting the structure of vegetation, species composition and species diversity at the significant level with p-value ≤0.05. The Vegetation of the selected area was classified into four major plants communities and the indicator species for each community was recorded. Classification of plants into 4 different communities based upon edaphic gradients favors the individualistic hypothesis. Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) shows the indicators of the study area are mostly indicators to the Himalayan or moist temperate ecosystem, furthermore, these indicators could be considered for micro-habitat conservation and respective ecosystem management plans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20richness" title="species richness">species richness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edaphic%20gradients" title=" edaphic gradients"> edaphic gradients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canonical%20correspondence%20analysis%20%28CCA%29" title=" canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)"> canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TWCA" title=" TWCA"> TWCA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149820/vegetation-assessment-under-the-influence-of-environmental-variables-a-case-study-from-the-yakhtangay-hill-of-himalayan-range-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149820.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">383</span> Formation Mechanism of Macroporous Cu/CuSe and Its Application as Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabi%20Ullah">Nabi Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The single-step solvothermal method is used to prepare Cu/CuSe as an electrocatalyst for methanol electro-oxidation reaction (MOR). 1,3-butane-diol is selected as a reaction medium, whose viscosity and complex formation with Cu(II) ions dictate the catalyst morphology. The catalyst has a macroporous structure, which is composed of nanoballs with a high purity, crystallinity, and uniform morphology. The electrocatalyst is excellent for MOR, as it delivers a current density of 37.28 mA/mg at a potential of 0.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in the electrolyte of 1 M KOH and 0.75 M methanol at a 50 mV/s scan rate under conditions of cyclic voltammetry. The catalyst also shows good stability for 3600 s with negligible charge transfer resistance and a high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) value of 0.100 mF/cm². <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOR" title="MOR">MOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20selenide" title=" copper selenide"> copper selenide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electocatalyst" title=" electocatalyst"> electocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20application" title=" energy application"> energy application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178089/formation-mechanism-of-macroporous-cucuse-and-its-application-as-electrocatalyst-for-methanol-oxidation-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">382</span> FreGsd: A Framework for Golbal Software Requirement Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alsahli%20Abdulaziz%20Abdullah">Alsahli Abdulaziz Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah%20Khan"> Hameed Ullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software development nowadays is more and more using global ways of development instead of normal development enviroment where development occur in one location. This paper is a aimed to propose a Requirement Engineering framework to support Global Software Development environment with regards to all requirment engineering activities from elicitation to fially magning requirment change. Global software enviroment is more and more gaining better reputation in software developmet with better quality is resulting from developing in this eviroment yet with lower cost.However, failure rate developing in this enviroment is high due to inapproprate requirment development and managment.This paper will add to the software engineering development envrioments discipline and many developers in GSD will benefit from it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20software%20development%20environment" title="global software development environment">global software development environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSD" title=" GSD"> GSD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20engineering" title=" requirement engineering"> requirement engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FreGsd" title=" FreGsd"> FreGsd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20engineering" title=" computer engineering"> computer engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18467/fregsd-a-framework-for-golbal-software-requirement-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">381</span> The Term Structure of Government Bond Yields in an Emerging Market: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan Bond Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wali%20Ullah">Wali Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nishat"> Muhammad Nishat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study investigates the extent to which the so called Nelson-Siegel model (DNS) and its extended version that accounts for time varying volatility (DNS-EGARCH) can optimally fit the yield curve and predict its future path in the context of an emerging economy. For the in-sample fit, both models fit the curve remarkably well even in the emerging markets. However, the DNS-EGARCH model fits the curve slightly better than the DNS. Moreover, both specifications of yield curve that are based on the Nelson-Siegel functional form outperform the benchmark VAR forecasts at all forecast horizons. The DNS-EGARCH comes with more precise forecasts than the DNS for the 6- and 12-month ahead forecasts, while the two have almost similar performance in terms of RMSE for the very short forecast horizons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20curve" title="yield curve">yield curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGARCH" title=" EGARCH"> EGARCH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17242/the-term-structure-of-government-bond-yields-in-an-emerging-market-empirical-evidence-from-pakistan-bond-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">380</span> Customers’ Acceptability of Islamic Banking: Employees’ Perspective in Peshawar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahira%20Imtiaz">Tahira Imtiaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Ullah"> Karim Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to incorporate the banks employees’ perspective on acceptability of Islamic banking by the customers of Peshawar. A qualitative approach is adopted for which six in-depth interviews with employees of Islamic banks are conducted. The employees were asked to share their experience regarding customers’ acceptance attitude towards acceptability of Islamic banking. Collected data was analyzed through thematic analysis technique and its synthesis with the current literature. Through data analysis a theoretical framework is developed, which highlights the factors which drive customers towards Islamic banking, as witnessed by the employees. The practical implication of analyzed data evident that a new model could be developed on the basis of four determinants of human preference namely: inner satisfaction, time, faith and market forces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customers%E2%80%99%20attraction" title="customers’ attraction">customers’ attraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees%E2%80%99%20perspective" title=" employees’ perspective"> employees’ perspective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20banking" title=" Islamic banking"> Islamic banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riba" title=" Riba"> Riba</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49687/customers-acceptability-of-islamic-banking-employees-perspective-in-peshawar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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