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<li id="toc-Vitenskapelige_resultater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitenskapelige_resultater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vitenskapelige resultater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitenskapelige_resultater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Priser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Priser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Priser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Priser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Syukuro Manabe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 45 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="سيوكورو مانابي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيوكورو مانابي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87" title="চিউকুৰো মানাবে – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চিউকুৰো মানাবে" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87" title="সিউকুরো মানাবে – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিউকুরো মানাবে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Сюкура Манабэ – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сюкура Манабэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Сюкуро Манабе – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сюкуро Манабе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5" title="Σιουκούρο Μανάμπε – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σιουκούρο Μανάμπε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87" title="سیوکورو مانابه – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیوکورو مانابه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%88%EC%BF%A0%EB%A1%9C_%EB%A7%88%EB%82%98%EB%B2%A0" title="슈쿠로 마나베 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="슈쿠로 마나베" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B8_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5" title="Սյուկուրո Մանաբե – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սյուկուրո Մանաբե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%94" title="סוקורו מנבה – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוקורו מנבה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Сјукуро Манабе – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сјукуро Манабе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC" title="സ്യുക്കൂറോ മനാബ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്യുക്കൂറോ മനാബ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87" title="سیوکورو مانابه – mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیوکورو مانابه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%8D%8B%E6%B7%91%E9%83%8E" title="眞鍋淑郎 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="眞鍋淑郎" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D,_%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Манабэ, Сюкуро – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Манабэ, Сюкуро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Сјукуро Манабе – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сјукуро Манабе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87" title="சியூக்குரோ மனாபே – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சியூக்குரோ மனாபே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Syukuro Manabe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Сюкуро Манабе – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сюкуро Манабе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manabe_Syukuro" title="Manabe Syukuro – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Manabe Syukuro" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E9%8D%8B%E6%B7%91%E9%83%8E" title="真鍋淑郎 – kinesisk" lang="zh" 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td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24461009"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Syukuro Manabe</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_(42329290061).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg/250px-Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg/375px-Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg/500px-Crafoord_Prize_EM1B0732_%2842329290061%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1583" data-file-height="1979" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/21._september" title="21. september">21. sep.</a> <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3675789?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> (93 år)<br />Shinritsu</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Klimaforsker" class="mw-redirect" title="Klimaforsker">Klimaforsker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteorolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteorolog">meteorolog</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3675789?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utdannet ved</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Universitetet_i_Tokyo" title="Universitetet i Tokyo">Universitetet i Tokyo</a><br />Ehime Prefectural Mishima High School</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Doktorgrads-<br />veileder</th><td colspan="2">Shigekata Shōno</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Medlem av</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Academia_Europaea" title="Academia Europaea">Academia Europaea</a> (<span title="startdato: 1994">1994</span>–) (tilknytning: AE section Earth and cosmic sciences)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-0261c29912b4c80bf2e5b4d1de1ecc50083956ab_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-0261c29912b4c80bf2e5b4d1de1ecc50083956ab-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-82d75d08fe22ec19549fbd1dced097f27f878195_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-82d75d08fe22ec19549fbd1dced097f27f878195-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-9cfc945d3de5daca9436baa6a7aabe604597250d_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-9cfc945d3de5daca9436baa6a7aabe604597250d-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Royal Society of Canada<sup id="cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utmerkelser</th><td colspan="2"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">12 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content">Carl-Gustaf Rossby-medaljen (<span title="tidspunkt: 1992">1992</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-d2209913a7bfb43291712c5fd4204074cff8c18b_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-d2209913a7bfb43291712c5fd4204074cff8c18b-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Volvo miljøpris (<span title="tidspunkt: 1997">1997</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-8ece5bc6680d7b50aff2a668727529c06bf2a4f9_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-8ece5bc6680d7b50aff2a668727529c06bf2a4f9-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Blue Planet Prize (<span title="tidspunkt: 1992">1992</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-0349d280c3b48ab6c0dfb372e228137d33002841_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-0349d280c3b48ab6c0dfb372e228137d33002841-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />William Bowie Medal (<span title="tidspunkt: 2010">2010</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-4c1432f23e28677eed81fa5ae3f366d6a7259fa8_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-4c1432f23e28677eed81fa5ae3f366d6a7259fa8-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-08e76f6858c9cb76035b7314d249898a2d3a1d59_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-08e76f6858c9cb76035b7314d249898a2d3a1d59-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Benjamin Franklin-medaljen (<span title="tidspunkt: 2015">2015</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-8ef4adc001024c2386f54f7b9652755681aa33c6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-8ef4adc001024c2386f54f7b9652755681aa33c6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (<span title="tidspunkt: 2016">2016</span>)<br />Crafoord Prize in Geosciences (<span title="tidspunkt: 2018">2018</span>) (arbeidsområde: geosciences, statsborgerskap: <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-5d3c4ac333f892c5e34c64e90cbec0e584429fa7_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-5d3c4ac333f892c5e34c64e90cbec0e584429fa7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Roger Revelle Medal (<span title="tidspunkt: 1993">1993</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-e0642f2f0cb09b8eaa8fb45bc3ca7f81953333ce_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-e0642f2f0cb09b8eaa8fb45bc3ca7f81953333ce-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Milutin Milankovic Medal (<span title="tidspunkt: 1998">1998</span>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nobelprisen_i_fysikk" title="Nobelprisen i fysikk">Nobelprisen i fysikk</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 2021">2021</span>) (sammen med: <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Klaus Hasselmann</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-87904863ba53b5e653248de657eddd270d348ba2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87904863ba53b5e653248de657eddd270d348ba2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Crafoordprisen" title="Crafoordprisen">Crafoordprisen</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 2018">2018</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Asahi-prisen" title="Asahi-prisen">Asahi-prisen</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1995">1995</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-4dc65da055a2176bcfe253d6e08dcb76a52a50e1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-4dc65da055a2176bcfe253d6e08dcb76a52a50e1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Arbeidssted</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Fagfelt</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Meteorologi" title="Meteorologi">Meteorologi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Klimatologi" title="Klimatologi">klimatologi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Klimaendring" title="Klimaendring">klimaendringer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Datasimulering" title="Datasimulering">datasimulering</a><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Doktorgrads-<br />studenter</th><td colspan="2">Isaac Held<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Kenneth Bowman<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Alex Hall<sup id="cite_ref-hash-cb5a935cc184b9631a303f3ef0a5be1a7a191a71_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-cb5a935cc184b9631a303f3ef0a5be1a7a191a71-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Kjent for</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Global_klimamodell" title="Global klimamodell">Global klimamodell</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Syukuro_Manabe" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Syukuro Manabe">Syukuro Manabe på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="toccolours" align="right" style="margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/85px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/128px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/170px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nobelprisen_i_fysikk" title="Nobelprisen i fysikk">Nobelprisen i fysikk</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2021" title="2021">2021</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Syukuro Manabe</b> (født 1931 i <a href="/wiki/Ehime_(prefektur)" title="Ehime (prefektur)">Shingu</a>) er en japansk-amerikansk meteorolog og klimaforsker. I 2021 ble han tildelt <a href="/wiki/Nobelprisen_i_fysikk" title="Nobelprisen i fysikk">Nobelprisen i fysikk</a> sammen med <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Klaus Hasselmann</a> og <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Giorgio Parisi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-N2021_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N2021-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karriere">Karriere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Karriere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Karriere"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Han studerte ved universitetet i Tokyo og tok doktorgrad i 1958. Han begynte deretter som forsker hos US Weather Bureau, fra 1970 endret til <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> (NOAA), i USA. Fra 1968 foreleste han ved <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> samtidig som han forsket. I 1990 var han medforfatter til <a href="/wiki/FNs_klimapanel" title="FNs klimapanel">FNs klimapanels</a> første hovedrapport. I 1997 reiste han tilbake til Japan for å lede «forskningsprogrammet for global oppvarming» i Yokohama. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vitenskapelige_resultater">Vitenskapelige resultater</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Vitenskapelige resultater" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Vitenskapelige resultater"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mens han var ved NOAAs samarbeidet han med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Smagorinsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Smagorinsky (ikke skrevet ennå)">Joseph Smagorinsky</a> om å utvikle <a href="/wiki/3D-grafikk" title="3D-grafikk">tredimensjonale</a> <a href="/wiki/Vitenskapelig_modellering" title="Vitenskapelig modellering">modeller</a> for <a href="/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jordens atmosfære">Jordens atmosfære</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gent_pp._54–55_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gent_pp._54–55-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I første fase utviklet Manabe sammen med Wetherald i 1967 en endimensjonal enkeltkolonnemodell over atmosfæren i med likevekt mellom <a href="/wiki/Varmestr%C3%A5ling" title="Varmestråling">stråling</a> og <a href="/wiki/Konveksjon" title="Konveksjon">konveksjon</a>, og med positiv tilbakevirkning fra endringer i <a href="/wiki/Vanndamp" title="Vanndamp">vanndampinnholdet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Atmospheric_&_Oceanic_Sciences_2017_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atmospheric_&_Oceanic_Sciences_2017-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Med denne modellen fant de at responsen på økende innhold av <a href="/wiki/Karbondioksid" title="Karbondioksid">karbondioksid</a> ville være at temperaturen øker ved Jordens overflate, men avtar i stratosfæren. Utviklingen av den strålingskonvektive modellen var et avgjørende skritt mot å kunne modellere atmosfærens generelle sirkulasjon (Manabe et al. 1965). De brukte modellen til å simulere for første gang den tredimensjonale virkningen av økt karbondioksid på temperatur og på det hydrologiske kretsløpet (Manabe og Wetherald, 1975). I 1969 fikk Manabe og Bryan publisert den første simuleringen av klimaet ved en sammensatt atmosfære-hav-modell, der modellen for atmosfærens generelle sirkulasjon er kombinert med en tilsvarende for verdenshavene. Gjennom 1990-årene og tidlig på 2000-tallet fikk Manabes forskningsgruppe publisert banebrytende artikler der de brukte atmosfære-hav-modeller for å undersøke klimavirkningen av endrede <a href="/wiki/Klimagass" title="Klimagass">klimagasskonsentrasjoner</a> på ulik tidsskala (Stouffer et al., 1989; Manabe et al., 1991 & 1992). De brukte også modellene til å studere historiske klimaendringer, og fant for eksempel betydningen av endret ferskvanntilførsel til det nordlige Atlanterhavet som en mulig årsak til de raske klimaendringene som er påvist i <a href="/wiki/Paleoklimatologi" title="Paleoklimatologi">paleoklimatiske prøver</a> (Manabe and Stouffer, 1995 & 2000).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stouffer_Manabe_1999_pp._2224–2237_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stouffer_Manabe_1999_pp._2224–2237-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han har også bidratt til å vise at klimaet på jorden kan ha mer enn en stabil tilstand<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, og at skiftningen mellom disse tilstandene kan skje ved at <a href="/wiki/Iskappe" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskappe">iskappene</a> smelter. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Priser">Priser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Priser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Priser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manabe er tildelt en rekke priser, og var første vinner av Blue Planet Prize, en internasjonal japansk pris til miljøforskere opprettet i forbindelse med <a href="/wiki/Rio-konferansen" title="Rio-konferansen">Rio-konferansen</a>. </p><p>I 2021 ble Manabe tildelt Nobelprisen i fysikk. Han fikk prisen for sine «nyskapende bidrag til vår forståelse av komplekse systemer», og for «fysisk modellering av jordens klima, tallfesting av variabilitet og å pålitelig forutsi global oppvarming».<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87c572f004f73ad28774f1795618b9561c6bd0a2_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crafoordprize.se/press_release/the-crafoord-prize-in-geosciences-2018">www.crafoordprize.se</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-87986c246e9823cde08f73954ffd43bcfc6119b9_2-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/manabe/files/curriculum_vitae_short_version.doc">scholar.princeton.edu</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-0261c29912b4c80bf2e5b4d1de1ecc50083956ab-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-0261c29912b4c80bf2e5b4d1de1ecc50083956ab_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ae-info.org/ae/User/Manabe_Syukuro">www.ae-info.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-82d75d08fe22ec19549fbd1dced097f27f878195-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-82d75d08fe22ec19549fbd1dced097f27f878195_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Manabe_Syukuro">www.ae-info.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-9cfc945d3de5daca9436baa6a7aabe604597250d-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-9cfc945d3de5daca9436baa6a7aabe604597250d_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>www.nasonline.org</span></span>, National Academy of Sciences member ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/52989.html">52989</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-d2209913a7bfb43291712c5fd4204074cff8c18b-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-d2209913a7bfb43291712c5fd4204074cff8c18b_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/about-ams/ams-awards-honors/awards/search-past-award-winners/">www.ametsoc.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-8ece5bc6680d7b50aff2a668727529c06bf2a4f9-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-8ece5bc6680d7b50aff2a668727529c06bf2a4f9_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment-prize.com/laureates/by-year/1997/syukuru-manabe,-veerabhadran-ramanathan/">www.environment-prize.com</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-0349d280c3b48ab6c0dfb372e228137d33002841-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-0349d280c3b48ab6c0dfb372e228137d33002841_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blueplanetprize.org/en/projects/projects.html">www.blueplanetprize.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-4c1432f23e28677eed81fa5ae3f366d6a7259fa8-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-4c1432f23e28677eed81fa5ae3f366d6a7259fa8_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Syukuro Manabe receives 2010 William Bowie Medal</span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-08e76f6858c9cb76035b7314d249898a2d3a1d59-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-08e76f6858c9cb76035b7314d249898a2d3a1d59_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://honors.agu.org/medals-awards/william-bowie/?sub=recipients">honors.agu.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-8ef4adc001024c2386f54f7b9652755681aa33c6-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-8ef4adc001024c2386f54f7b9652755681aa33c6_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fi.edu/laureates-search?keys=Benjamin%20Franklin%20Medal&field_subject_tid=All&field_award_tid=All&field_year_value=2015&field_year_value_1=2015">www.fi.edu</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-5d3c4ac333f892c5e34c64e90cbec0e584429fa7-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-5d3c4ac333f892c5e34c64e90cbec0e584429fa7_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crafoordprize.se/news/the-crafoord-prize-in-geosciences-2018/">www.crafoordprize.se</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-e0642f2f0cb09b8eaa8fb45bc3ca7f81953333ce-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-e0642f2f0cb09b8eaa8fb45bc3ca7f81953333ce_13-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agu.org/honor-and-recognize/honors/union-medals/roger-revelle-medal">www.agu.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-87904863ba53b5e653248de657eddd270d348ba2-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-87904863ba53b5e653248de657eddd270d348ba2_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>nobelprize.org</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2021/press-release/">www.nobelprize.org</a>, besøkt 5. oktober 2021<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-4dc65da055a2176bcfe253d6e08dcb76a52a50e1-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-4dc65da055a2176bcfe253d6e08dcb76a52a50e1_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asahi.com/corporate/award/asahi/12737983">www.asahi.com</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2-16"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-9c5f821ab3a1b21306f140e796e27b61f7fb40d5-v2_16-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://autority.nkp.cz/"><i>Tsjekkias nasjonale autoritetsdatabase</i></a>, NKC-identifikator xx0269054, <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13550863" class="extiw" title="d:Q13550863">Q13550863</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://autority.nkp.cz/">http://autority.nkp.cz/</a></span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tsjekkias+nasjonale+autoritetsdatabase&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fautority.nkp.cz%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Syukuro_Manabe"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-cb5a935cc184b9631a303f3ef0a5be1a7a191a71-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-cb5a935cc184b9631a303f3ef0a5be1a7a191a71_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dept.atmos.ucla.edu/alexhall/people/alex-hall">dept.atmos.ucla.edu</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-N2021-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-N2021_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2021/press-release/">«The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021»</a> (på engelsk). Nobelstiftelsen<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 6. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+2021&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobelstiftelsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fphysics%2F2021%2Fpress-release%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Triendl, Robert (30. mai 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nj6888-07a">«Chance to make a difference in Japan»</a>. <i>Nature</i>. 6888 (på engelsk). 417: 7–7. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnj6888-07a">10.1038/nj6888-07a</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 5. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=Chance+to+make+a+difference+in+Japan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.aulast=Triendl&rft.date=2002-05-30&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=7-7&rft.volume=417&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fnj6888-07a&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnj6888-07a&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210526230122/https://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/manabe/files/curriculum_vitae_short_version.doc">«Curriculum Vitae»</a>. 16. februar 2018. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/manabe/files/curriculum_vitae_short_version.doc">originalen</a> 26. mai 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 05.10.2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.btitle=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.date=2018-02-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.princeton.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmanabe%2Ffiles%2Fcurriculum_vitae_short_version.doc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gent_pp._54–55-22"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gent_pp._54–55_22-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Gent, Peter R. (1. september 2020). «Modeling the future of Earth's climate». <i>Physics Today</i>. AIP Publishing. 73 (9): 54–55. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020PhT....73i..54G">2020PhT....73i..54G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2Fpt.3.4571">10.1063/pt.3.4571</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+future+of+Earth%27s+climate&rft.aufirst=Peter+R.&rft.aulast=Gent&rft.date=2020-09-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Physics+Today&rft.pages=54-55&rft.volume=73&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020PhT....73i..54G&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2Fpt.3.4571&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atmospheric_&_Oceanic_Sciences_2017-23"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Atmospheric_&_Oceanic_Sciences_2017_23-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aos.princeton.edu/news/retrospect-nature-highlights-classic-1967-paper-manabe-and-wetherald">«In Retrospect (Nature): Highlights a Classic 1967 Paper by Manabe and Wetherald»</a>. <i>Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences</i>. 18. mai 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 6. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=In+Retrospect+%28Nature%29%3A+Highlights+a+Classic+1967+Paper+by+Manabe+and+Wetherald&rft.date=2017-05-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+%26+Oceanic+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faos.princeton.edu%2Fnews%2Fretrospect-nature-highlights-classic-1967-paper-manabe-and-wetherald&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Manabe, S. and A. J. Broccili. 2020. Beyond Global Warming: How Numerical Models Revealed the Secrets of Climate Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stouffer_Manabe_1999_pp._2224–2237-25"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stouffer_Manabe_1999_pp._2224–2237_25-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Stouffer, Ronald J.; Manabe, Syukuro (1. august 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/12/8/1520-0442_1999_012_2224_roacoa_2.0.co_2.xml">«Response of a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Model to Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Sensitivity to the Rate of Increase»</a>. <i>Journal of Climate</i>. 12 (8): 2224–2237. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JCli...12.2224S">1999JCli...12.2224S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%281999%29012%3C2224%3AROACOA%3E2.0.CO%3B2">10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<2224:ROACOA>2.0.CO;2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=Response+of+a+Coupled+Ocean%E2%80%93Atmosphere+Model+to+Increasing+Atmospheric+Carbon+Dioxide%3A+Sensitivity+to+the+Rate+of+Increase&rft.au=Manabe%2C+Syukuro&rft.aufirst=Ronald+J.&rft.aulast=Stouffer&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=8&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.pages=2224-2237&rft.volume=12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.ametsoc.org%2Fview%2Fjournals%2Fclim%2F12%2F8%2F1520-0442_1999_012_2224_roacoa_2.0.co_2.xml&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1999JCli...12.2224S&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2F1520-0442%281999%29012%3C2224%3AROACOA%3E2.0.CO%3B2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Manabe, Syukuro (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0442%281988%29001%3C0841%3ATSEOAC%3E2.0.CO%3B2">«Two Stable Equilibria of a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pdf)</span>. <i>J. 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Besøkt 18. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=Two+Stable+Equilibria+of+a+Coupled+Ocean-Atmosphere+Model&rft.aufirst=Syukuro&rft.aulast=Manabe&rft.date=1988&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Climate&rft.pages=841-866&rft.volume=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.ametsoc.org%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1175%2F1520-0442%25281988%2529001%253C0841%253ATSEOAC%253E2.0.CO%253B2&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2F1520-0442%281988%29001%3C0841%3ATSEOAC%3E2.0.CO%3B2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Manabe, Syukuro (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/bibliography/related_files/sm9501.pdf">«Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pdf)</span>. <i>Nature</i>. 378: 165–167. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F378165a0">10.1038/378165a0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 18. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+abrupt+climate+change+induced+by+freshwater+input+to+the+North+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.aufirst=Syukuro&rft.aulast=Manabe&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=165-167&rft.volume=378&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gfdl.noaa.gov%2Fbibliography%2Frelated_files%2Fsm9501.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F378165a0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2021/manabe/facts/">«The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021»</a>. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> (på engelsk)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 5. oktober 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ASyukuro+Manabe&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+2021&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fphysics%2F2021%2Fmanabe%2Ffacts%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Syukuro_Manabe" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Syukuro Manabe">Syukuro Manabe</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3675789?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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id="Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_2001–2025" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nobelprisen_i_fysikk" title="Nobelprisen i fysikk">Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 2001–2025</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2001" title="Vitenskapsåret 2001">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2002" title="Vitenskapsåret 2002">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_jr." title="Raymond Davis jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2003" title="Vitenskapsåret 2003">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Abrikosov" title="Aleksej Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitalij_Ginzburg" title="Vitalij Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2004" title="Vitenskapsåret 2004">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Politzer" title="David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2005" title="Vitenskapsåret 2005">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2006" title="Vitenskapsåret 2006">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_F._Smoot" title="George F. Smoot">Smoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2007" title="Vitenskapsåret 2007">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2008" title="Vitenskapsåret 2008">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Maskawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2009" title="Vitenskapsåret 2009">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2010" title="Vitenskapsåret 2010">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2011" title="Vitenskapsåret 2011">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_G._Riess" title="Adam G. Riess">Riess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2012" title="Vitenskapsåret 2012">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" title="David J. Wineland">Wineland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2013" title="Vitenskapsåret 2013">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2014" title="Vitenskapsåret 2014">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2015" title="Vitenskapsåret 2015">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2016" title="Vitenskapsåret 2016">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a> / <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kosterlitz" title="Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2017" title="Vitenskapsåret 2017">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kip_S._Thorne" title="Kip S. Thorne">Thorne</a></li> <li><span class="note" title="Artikkel mangler: Vitenskapsåret 2018">2018</span>: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2019" title="Vitenskapsåret 2019">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Peebles" title="Jim Peebles">Peebles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2020" title="Vitenskapsåret 2020">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez">Ghez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2021" title="Vitenskapsåret 2021">2021</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manabe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2022" title="Vitenskapsåret 2022">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2023" title="Vitenskapsåret 2023">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%E2%80%99Huillier" title="Anne L’Huillier">L’Huillier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_2024" title="Vitenskapsåret 2024">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: transparent; border-top: 1px solid #d3d3d3;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk">Hele listen</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_1901%E2%80%931925" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 1901–1925">1901–25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_1926%E2%80%931950" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 1926–1950">1926–50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_1951%E2%80%931975" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 1951–1975">1951–75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_1976%E2%80%932000" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 1976–2000">1976–2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal:Nobelprisvinnere_i_fysikk_2001%E2%80%932025" title="Mal:Nobelprisvinnere i fysikk 2001–2025">2001– i dag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Autoritetsdata" title="Hjelp:Autoritetsdata">Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/syukuro-manabe">Nationalencyklopedin</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibsys-almaprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo_library/libweb/action/dlSearch.do?institution=BIBSYS&vid=BIBSYS&search_scope=blended_scope&query=lsr39,exact,90328364">BIBSYS</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/60097248/">VIAF</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/127141588">GND</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2019190077">LCCN</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/0000000014554216">ISNI</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122787870">BNF</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122787870">BNF (data)</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031605400">SUDOC</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=226346">MGP</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01056650">NDL</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0269054">NKC</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01940373">CiNii</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000032566">Munzinger (iba)</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Syukuro-Manabe-2">ResearchGate</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GPkBB-YAAAAJ">Google Scholar</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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