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id="toc-Fundraising_game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Training_game" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Training_game"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Training game</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Training_game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bandy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bandy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bandy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bandy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boxing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boxing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Boxing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boxing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ice hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Baseball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Basketball</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Basketball subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Professional_basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Professional basketball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-College_basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#College_basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>College basketball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-College_basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>American football</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-American_football-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle American football subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-American_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Professional_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Professional football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-College_and_high_school_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#College_and_high_school_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>College and high school football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-College_and_high_school_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teams_outside_North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teams_outside_North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Teams outside North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teams_outside_North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canadian_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canadian_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Canadian football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canadian_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rugby_union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rugby_union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Rugby union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rugby_union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australian_rules_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_rules_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Australian rules football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_rules_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Auto_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Auto_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Auto racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Auto_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sumo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sumo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sumo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sumo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Exhibition game</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مباراة ودية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مباراة ودية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolda%C5%9Fl%C4%B1q_oyunu" title="Yoldaşlıq oyunu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yoldaşlıq oyunu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%92%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88" title="یوْلداش‌لیق اوْیونو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یوْلداش‌لیق اوْیونو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="প্রীতি খেলা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রীতি খেলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_amist%C3%B3s" title="Partit amistós – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit amistós" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%A1telsk%C3%A9_utk%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Přátelské utkání – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Přátelské utkání" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venskabskamp" title="Venskabskamp – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Venskabskamp" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freundschaftsspiel" title="Freundschaftsspiel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freundschaftsspiel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B5prusm%C3%A4ng" title="Sõprusmäng – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sõprusmäng" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_amistoso" title="Partido amistoso – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido amistoso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amika_mat%C4%89o" title="Amika matĉo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amika matĉo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="بازی دوستانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بازی دوستانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match_amical" title="Match amical – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Match amical" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%9C%EC%84%A0_%EA%B2%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="친선 경기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="친선 경기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B2" title="Ընկերական խաղ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ընկերական խաղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertandingan_persahabatan" title="Pertandingan persahabatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pertandingan persahabatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amichevole" title="Amichevole – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amichevole" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7_%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA" title="משחק ידידות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משחק ידידות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87" title="Шохлукъ матч – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шохлукъ матч" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A9%E1%83%98" title="ამხანაგური მატჩი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამხანაგური მატჩი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E2%80%8B%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%87%E2%80%8B" title="ເກມວາງສະແດງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເກມວາງສະແດງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draudz%C4%ABbas_sp%C4%93le" title="Draudzības spēle – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Draudzības spēle" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draugi%C5%A1kos_rungtyn%C4%97s" title="Draugiškos rungtynės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Draugiškos rungtynės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrundsjappeleke_match" title="Vrundsjappeleke match – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vrundsjappeleke match" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar%C3%A1ts%C3%A1gos_m%C3%A9rk%C5%91z%C3%A9s_%C3%A9s_t%C3%A9tm%C3%A9rk%C5%91z%C3%A9s" title="Barátságos mérkőzés és tétmérkőzés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Barátságos mérkőzés és tétmérkőzés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пријателски натпревар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пријателски натпревар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%B8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="მაჸალური ნირზი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაჸალური ნირზი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlawanan_pertunjukan" title="Perlawanan pertunjukan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perlawanan pertunjukan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vriendschappelijke_wedstrijd" title="Vriendschappelijke wedstrijd – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vriendschappelijke wedstrijd" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%93%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="エキシビション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エキシビション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87" title="ДоттагӀаллийн матч – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ДоттагӀаллийн матч" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBrtoqlik_uchrashuvi" title="Oʻrtoqlik uchrashuvi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻrtoqlik uchrashuvi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecz_towarzyski" title="Mecz towarzyski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mecz towarzyski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partida_amistosa" title="Partida amistosa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partida amistosa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meci_amical" title="Meci amical – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Meci amical" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87" title="Товарищеский матч – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Товарищеский матч" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndeshje_miq%C3%ABsore" title="Ndeshje miqësore – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ndeshje miqësore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibition_game" title="Exhibition game – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Exhibition game" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Пријатељска утакмица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пријатељска утакмица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yst%C3%A4vyysottelu" title="Ystävyysottelu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ystävyysottelu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A4ningsmatch" title="Träningsmatch – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Träningsmatch" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="เกมกระชับมิตร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกมกระชับมิตร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haz%C4%B1rl%C4%B1k_ma%C3%A7%C4%B1" title="Hazırlık maçı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hazırlık maçı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87" title="Товариський матч – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Товариський матч" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%ADn_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5u_giao_h%E1%BB%AFu" title="Trận đấu giao hữu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trận đấu giao hữu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8B%E8%AA%BC%E8%B3%BD" title="友誼賽 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="友誼賽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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.ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Exhibition_game" title="Special:EditPage/Exhibition game">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Exhibition+game%22">"Exhibition game"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Exhibition+game%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Exhibition+game%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Exhibition+game%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Exhibition+game%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Exhibition+game%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg/300px-Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg/450px-Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg/600px-Sydney-Galaxy-homebush.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sydney_FC" title="Sydney FC">Sydney FC</a> playing a friendly match against the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Galaxy">Los Angeles Galaxy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Stadium_Australia" title="Stadium Australia">ANZ Stadium</a> in November 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bong-da.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bong-da.jpg/220px-Bong-da.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bong-da.jpg/330px-Bong-da.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bong-da.jpg/440px-Bong-da.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A friendly match in Vietnam</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>exhibition game</b> (also known as a <b>friendly</b>, <b>scrimmage</b>, <b>demonstration</b>, <b>training match</b>, <b>pre-season game</b>, <b>warmup match</b>, or <b>preparation match</b>, depending at least in part on the sport) is a <a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">sporting event</a> whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. Exhibition games often serve as "warm-up matches", particularly in many team sports where these games help coaches and managers select and condition players, before the competitive matches of a <a href="/wiki/Season_(sports)" title="Season (sports)">league season</a> or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. </p><p>An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, to commemorate an anniversary or a famous player, or to raise money for <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">charities</a>. Several sports leagues hold <a href="/wiki/All-star_game" title="All-star game">all-star games</a> to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> may also hold exhibition games as part of a <a href="/wiki/Demonstration_sport" title="Demonstration sport">demonstration sport</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Association_football">Association football</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Association football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG/220px-%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG/330px-%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG/440px-%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1099" data-file-height="911" /></a><figcaption>Exhibition game of veterans of <a href="/wiki/FC_Spartak_Moscow" title="FC Spartak Moscow">FC Spartak Moscow</a> against Team of <a href="/wiki/Severodvinsk" title="Severodvinsk">Severodvinsk</a> in Russia</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early days of <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a>, friendlies were the most common type of match. However, with the development of <a href="/wiki/The_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="The Football League">The Football League</a> in England in 1888, league and cup tournaments became the primary methods of competition. The significance of friendly matches thus declined since the 19th century: by 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, with local or regional leagues for lower-level teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Club_football">Club football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Club football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are mostly used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. Some rules may be changed or experimented with, such as unlimited substitutions (which allow teams to play less experienced players). Frequently such games take place between a large club and nearby smaller clubs, such as those between <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_United_F.C." title="Newcastle United F.C.">Newcastle United</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gateshead_F.C." title="Gateshead F.C.">Gateshead</a>, or on a large club on an international tour against local opponents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Since the 2000s, friendlies played in the United States have become increasingly lucrative for European teams.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged between the clubs in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the <a href="/wiki/Emirates_Cup" title="Emirates Cup">Emirates Cup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teresa_Herrera_Trophy" title="Teresa Herrera Trophy">Teresa Herrera Trophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Champions_Cup" title="International Champions Cup">International Champions Cup</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Tournament" title="Amsterdam Tournament">Amsterdam Tournament</a>. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals, a trophy, and television broadcasts, there is little prestige attached to them. In addition, club teams may tour other continents as part of global branding campaigns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_football">International football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/FIFA_International_Match_Calendar" title="FIFA International Match Calendar">FIFA International Match Calendar</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_(L),_Lionel_Messi_(R)_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina,_9th_February_2011_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg/220px-Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg/330px-Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg/440px-Cristiano_Ronaldo_%28L%29%2C_Lionel_Messi_%28R%29_%E2%80%93_Portugal_vs._Argentina%2C_9th_February_2011_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5313" data-file-height="3841" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cristiano_Ronaldo" title="Cristiano Ronaldo">Cristiano Ronaldo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Messi" title="Lionel Messi">Lionel Messi</a> taking part in ceremonies before a Portugal–Argentina friendly in Switzerland, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. </p><p>International friendlies give team managers the opportunity to experiment with team selection and tactics before the tournament proper, and also allow them to assess the abilities of players they may potentially select for the tournament squad. Players can be booked in international friendlies, and can be suspended from future international matches based on red cards or accumulated yellows in a specified period. <a href="/wiki/Cap_(sport)" title="Cap (sport)">Caps</a> and goals scored also count towards a player's career records. The results can play a part in affecting the country's <a href="/wiki/FIFA_Men%27s_World_Ranking" title="FIFA Men's World Ranking">FIFA ranking</a>. In 2004, <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a> ruled that <a href="/wiki/Substitute_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Substitute (football)">substitutions</a> by a team be limited to six per match in international friendlies in response to criticism that such matches were becoming increasingly farcical with managers making as many as 11 substitutions per match.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An international match loses its official status if this regulation is breached.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Matches in multinational football tournaments such as the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Cup_(Thailand)" title="King's Cup (Thailand)">King's Cup</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kirin_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirin Cup">Kirin Cup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Cup_(India)" title="Intercontinental Cup (India)">Intercontinental Cup</a> and the <a href="/wiki/China_Cup" title="China Cup">China Cup</a> are usually considered international friendlies by FIFA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fundraising_game">Fundraising game</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fundraising game"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of games. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, <a href="/wiki/All-star_game" title="All-star game">all-star matches</a> such as those held in the US <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a>, Japan's <a href="/wiki/J.League" title="J.League">J.League</a> or South Korea's <a href="/wiki/K_League" title="K League">K League</a> are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to their club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as <a href="/wiki/Charity_Football_Match" class="mw-redirect" title="Charity Football Match">charity matches</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soccer_Aid" title="Soccer Aid">Soccer Aid</a>, Team UNICEF <a href="/wiki/Category:Charity_football_matches" title="Category:Charity football matches">etc</a>.) and <a href="/wiki/Testimonial_match" title="Testimonial match">testimonial matches</a> respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Training_game">Training game</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Training game"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A training game is generally a non-competitive football match played between two sides usually as part of a training exercise<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or to give players match practice.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Manager_(association_football)" title="Manager (association football)">Managers</a> may also use bounce games as an opportunity to observe a player in action before offering a contract.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usually these games are played on a training ground<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rather than in a stadium with no spectators in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bandy">Bandy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bandy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Bandy_World_Championship" title="Bandy World Championship">Bandy World Championship</a> in 1957, annually held friendly games were the main events for national teams of <a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">the sport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International friendlies are still often held. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boxing">Boxing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Boxing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Exhibition_fight" title="Exhibition fight">Exhibition fights</a> were once common in boxing. <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dempsey" title="Jack Dempsey">Jack Dempsey</a> fought many exhibition bouts after retiring. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> fought a charity fight on his rematch with <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Baer" title="Buddy Baer">Buddy Baer</a>, but this was not considered an exhibition as it was for Louis' world Heavyweight title, and as a championship fight, it counted on both boxers' records. <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a> fought many exhibitions, including one with <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Alzado" title="Lyle Alzado">Lyle Alzado</a>. In more modern times, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Julio César Chávez">Julio César Chávez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Castro_(boxer)" title="Jorge Castro (boxer)">Jorge Castro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Floyd Mayweather Jr.</a> have been involved in exhibition fights. </p><p>Although not fought for profit, amateur bouts (usually) and sparring sessions are not considered to be exhibition fights. On <a href="/wiki/KSI_vs._Logan_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="KSI vs. Logan Paul">25 August 2018</a>, YouTubers <a href="/wiki/Logan_Paul" title="Logan Paul">Logan Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/KSI_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="KSI (entertainer)">KSI</a> had an exhibition match that ended in a draw. On <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson_vs._Roy_Jones_Jr." title="Mike Tyson vs. Roy Jones Jr.">28 November 2020</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roy_Jones_Jr." title="Roy Jones Jr.">Roy Jones Jr.</a> had a fight that ended in a draw. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ice hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the <a href="/wiki/1917%E2%80%9318_NHL_season" title="1917–18 NHL season">1917–18 NHL season</a>, an exhibition game was played on 15 December, between the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Wanderers" title="Montreal Wanderers">Montreal Wanderers</a>. The game was played as a benefit to aid victims of the <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Explosion" title="Halifax Explosion">Halifax explosion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/1995%E2%80%9396_NHL_season" title="1995–96 NHL season">1995</a>–<a href="/wiki/2003%E2%80%9304_NHL_season" title="2003–04 NHL season">2004</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> <a href="/wiki/NHL_Collective_Bargaining_Agreement" title="NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement">collective bargaining agreement</a>, teams were limited to nine <a href="/wiki/Preseason" class="mw-redirect" title="Preseason">preseason</a> games. From <a href="/wiki/1975%E2%80%9376_NHL_season" title="1975–76 NHL season">1975</a> to <a href="/wiki/1990%E2%80%9391_NHL_season" title="1990–91 NHL season">1991</a>, NHL teams sometimes played exhibition games against teams from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Super_Series" title="Super Series">Super Series</a>, and in 1978, played against <a href="/wiki/World_Hockey_Association" title="World Hockey Association">World Hockey Association</a> teams also in preseason training. Like the NFL, the NHL sometimes schedules exhibition games for cities without their own NHL teams, often at a club's minor league affiliate (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Carolina_Hurricanes" title="Carolina Hurricanes">Carolina Hurricanes</a> games at <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner_Cable_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner Cable Arena">Time Warner Cable Arena</a> in <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>, home of their AHL affiliate the <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Checkers" title="Charlotte Checkers">Charlotte Checkers</a>; <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Kings" title="Los Angeles Kings">Los Angeles Kings</a> games at <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Business_Bank_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizens Business Bank Arena">Citizens Business Bank Arena</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ontario,_California" title="Ontario, California">Ontario, California</a>, home of their AHL affiliate the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Reign" title="Ontario Reign">Ontario Reign</a>; <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a> games at <a href="/wiki/Colis%C3%A9e_Pepsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Colisée Pepsi">Colisée Pepsi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>, which has no pro hockey but used to have an NHL team until 1995; <a href="/wiki/Washington_Capitals" title="Washington Capitals">Washington Capitals</a> at <a href="/wiki/1st_Mariner_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Mariner Arena">1st Mariner Arena</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> Hockey Classic; <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pegula_Ice_Arena" title="Pegula Ice Arena">Pegula Ice Arena</a> on the campus of owner <a href="/wiki/Terrence_Pegula" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrence Pegula">Terrence Pegula</a>'s <i>alma mater</i> <a href="/wiki/Penn_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Penn State University">Penn State University</a>; various Western Canada teams at <a href="/wiki/Credit_Union_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit Union Centre">Credit Union Centre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saskatoon" title="Saskatoon">Saskatoon</a>, a potential NHL expansion venue; and the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis Blues</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a> at <a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_Center" title="T-Mobile Center">T-Mobile Center</a>, also a potential expansion venue that is currently considered part of the Blues' television market). </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/Vegas_Golden_Knights" title="Vegas Golden Knights">Vegas Golden Knights</a> entered the NHL in 2017, the Kings would traditionally play an annual game known as <a href="/wiki/Frozen_Fury" title="Frozen Fury">Frozen Fury</a> in Las Vegas in a partnership with the <a href="/wiki/MGM_Grand_Las_Vegas" title="MGM Grand Las Vegas">MGM Grand Las Vegas</a>. The game was then played at <a href="/wiki/Delta_Center" title="Delta Center">Delta Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City,_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake City, Utah">Salt Lake City, Utah</a>, before it ended in 2024 due to the arrival of the expansion <a href="/wiki/Utah_Hockey_Club" title="Utah Hockey Club">Utah Hockey Club</a>. Today, all teams must play six, seven, or eight preseason games. Each preseason game must have at least eight veterans dressed, except during the World Cup of Hockey. In the 1994–95 season and the 2012–13 season, no preseason games were played due to <a href="/wiki/Lockout_(sports)" title="Lockout (sports)"> lockouts</a>. </p><p>Since the 2000s, some preseason games have been played in Europe against European teams, as part of the <a href="/wiki/NHL_Challenge" title="NHL Challenge">NHL Challenge</a> and NHL Premiere series. In addition to the standard preseason, there also exist prospect tournaments such as the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Canucks" title="Vancouver Canucks">Vancouver Canucks</a>' YoungStars tournament and the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Red_Wings" title="Detroit Red Wings">Detroit Red Wings</a>' training camp, in which NHL teams' younger prospects face off against each other under their parent club's banner. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1992%E2%80%9393_NHL_season" title="1992–93 NHL season">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goaltender" title="Goaltender">goaltender</a> <a href="/wiki/Manon_Rh%C3%A9aume" title="Manon Rhéaume">Manon Rhéaume</a> played in a preseason game for the <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Lightning" title="Tampa Bay Lightning">Tampa Bay Lightning</a>, becoming the first woman to suit up for an all-male pro sports team in North America. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Flying_Fathers" title="Flying Fathers">Flying Fathers</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> group of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Priesthood (Catholic Church)">priests</a>, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, <a href="/wiki/Les_Costello" title="Les Costello">Les Costello</a>, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres_Alumni_Hockey_Team" title="Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team">Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team</a>, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a>. </p><p>American college hockey teams occasionally play exhibition games against Canadian college teams as well as against USA or Canadian national teams. (In men's hockey, the senior national teams are selected from NHL and other pro players, and college teams would be overmatched against those teams even if they were allowed to play them. However, the <a href="/wiki/USA_Hockey_National_Team_Development_Program" title="USA Hockey National Team Development Program">national under-18 teams</a> are made up of amateurs, allowing college squads to play them.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baseball">Baseball</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Braves_spring_training2008.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Braves_spring_training2008.png/300px-Braves_spring_training2008.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Braves_spring_training2008.png/450px-Braves_spring_training2008.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Braves_spring_training2008.png/600px-Braves_spring_training2008.png 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>A spring training game between the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">Mets</a>, 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s preseason is also known as <a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">spring training</a>. All MLB teams maintain a spring-training base in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> or <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. The teams in Arizona make up the <a href="/wiki/Cactus_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Cactus League">Cactus League</a>, while the teams in Florida play in the <a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapefruit League">Grapefruit League</a>. Each team plays about 30 preseason games against other MLB teams. They may also play exhibitions against a local college team, a <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor-league</a> team from their farm system, or even a national baseball team representing a country.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some days feature the team playing two games with two different rosters evenly divided up, which are known as "split-squad" games. </p><p>Several MLB teams used to play regular exhibition games during the year against nearby teams in the other major league, but regular-season <a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">interleague play</a> has made such games unnecessary. The two Canadian MLB teams, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Expos" title="Montreal Expos">Montreal Expos</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>, met annually to contest the <a href="/wiki/Pearson_Cup" title="Pearson Cup">Pearson Cup</a>; this tradition ended when the Expos moved to Washington DC for the <a href="/wiki/2005_in_baseball" title="2005 in baseball">2005 season</a>. Similarly, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> played in the <a href="/wiki/Mets%E2%80%93Yankees_rivalry#Background_and_formation_of_Mets" title="Mets–Yankees rivalry">Mayor's Trophy Game</a> against various local rivals from 1946 to 1983.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It also used to be commonplace to have a team play an exhibition against Minor League affiliates during the regular season, but worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues, have made this very rare. Exhibitions between inter-city teams in different leagues, like Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Cubs%E2%80%93White_Sox_rivalry" title="Cubs–White Sox rivalry">Crosstown Classic</a> and New York's <a href="/wiki/Subway_Series" title="Subway Series">Subway Series</a> which used to be played solely as exhibitions for bragging rights are now blended into interleague play. The annual <a href="/wiki/MLB_All-Star_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB All-Star Game">MLB All-Star Game</a>, played in July between players from AL teams and players from NL teams, had long been considered an exhibition match, though between 2003 and 2016 this status was questioned because the league whose team won the All-Star game has been awarded <a href="/wiki/Home_field_advantage" class="mw-redirect" title="Home field advantage">home field advantage</a> for the upcoming <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> (prior to 2003 the leagues alternated which one of them had home field advantage; starting in 2017 the team with the better regular season record would be given home field advantage). </p><p>Another exhibition game, the <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_Field#Hall_of_Fame_Game/Classic" title="Doubleday Field">Hall of Fame Game/Classic</a> which was played in <a href="/wiki/Cooperstown,_New_York" title="Cooperstown, New York">Cooperstown, New York</a> on the weekend of inductions to the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Hall of Fame">Baseball Hall of Fame</a>, was also ended in 2008 due to interleague play and teams playing only substitutes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basketball">Basketball</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_basketball">Professional basketball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Professional basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> teams usually play eight preseason games per year, with the number rarely being lower than seven. Today, NBA teams almost always play each other in the preseason but often at neutral sites within their market areas in order to allow those who can not usually make a trip to a home team's arena during the regular season to see a game close to home; for instance, the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Timberwolves" title="Minnesota Timberwolves">Minnesota Timberwolves</a> will play games in arenas in <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix Suns</a> schedule one exhibition game outdoors at <a href="/wiki/Indian_Wells_Tennis_Garden" title="Indian Wells Tennis Garden">Indian Wells Tennis Garden</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Wells,_California" title="Indian Wells, California">Indian Wells, California</a>, yearly, the only such instance an NBA game takes place in an outdoor venue. Exhibition games have also been held on occasion outside the US and Canada. </p><p>However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against <a href="/wiki/American_Basketball_Association_(1967-1976)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Basketball Association (1967-1976)">American Basketball Association</a> teams with the ABA winning the series 80 to 75 games. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary <a href="/wiki/Barnstorm_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnstorm (sports)">barnstorming</a> <a href="/wiki/Harlem_Globetrotters" title="Harlem Globetrotters">Harlem Globetrotters</a>, with mixed success. The Minneapolis Lakers beat the Globetrotters seven games to one. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. Beginning in 2015, the league has scheduled <a href="/wiki/NBA_Africa_Game_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA Africa Game (disambiguation)">NBA Africa Games</a> with players of direct African descent against players from the rest of the league; the NBA has also played against teams in Australia's <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(Australia)" title="National Basketball League (Australia)">National Basketball League</a>. In the 2006 and 2007 seasons, the NBA and the primary European club competition, the <a href="/wiki/Euroleague" class="mw-redirect" title="Euroleague">Euroleague</a>, conducted <a href="/wiki/NBA_versus_EuroLeague_games" title="NBA versus EuroLeague games">a preseason tournament</a> featuring two NBA teams and the finalists from that year's Euroleague. In the <a href="/wiki/1998%E2%80%9399_NBA_season" title="1998–99 NBA season">1998–99</a> and <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_NBA_season" title="2011–12 NBA season">2011–12</a> seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts. </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/NBA_All-Star_Game" title="NBA All-Star Game">NBA All-Star Game</a> is an exhibition game. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Association" title="Women's National Basketball Association">Women's National Basketball Association</a> teams play up to three preseasons games per year. WNBA teams will play each other and will also play women's national basketball teams. Most years, the WNBA also stages an <a href="/wiki/WNBA_All-Star_Game" title="WNBA All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a>, but this game is canceled if pre-empted by major international competitions such as the <a href="/wiki/Basketball_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Basketball at the Summer Olympics">Olympic Games</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="College_basketball">College basketball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: College basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditionally, major <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">college basketball</a> teams began their seasons with a few exhibition games. They played traveling teams made up of former college players on teams such as <a href="/wiki/Athletes_in_Action" title="Athletes in Action">Athletes in Action</a> or a team sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Marathon_Petroleum" title="Marathon Petroleum">Marathon Petroleum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On occasion before 1992, when <a href="/wiki/International_Basketball_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Basketball Federation">FIBA</a> allowed professional players on foreign national teams, colleges played those teams in exhibitions. However, in 2003, the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a> banned games with non-college teams. Some teams have begun scheduling exhibition games against teams in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">NCAA Division II</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">NCAA Division III</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a>, or even against <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_in_Canada" title="List of colleges in Canada">colleges</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Canada" title="List of universities in Canada">universities located in Canada</a>. Major college basketball teams still travel to other countries during the summer to play in exhibition games, although a college team is allowed only one foreign tour every four years and a maximum of ten games in each tour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="American_football">American football</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: American football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_football">Professional football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Professional football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_preseason" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League preseason">National Football League preseason</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> teams play three preseason games a year, with the exception of two teams each year who play a fourth game, the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_Game" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame Game">Pro Football Hall of Fame Game</a> (previously before the <a href="/wiki/2021_NFL_season" title="2021 NFL season">2021 season expansion</a>, four games). These exhibition games, most of which are held in the month of August, are played for the purpose of helping coaches narrow down the roster from the offseason limit of 90 players to the regular season limit of 53 players. While the scheduling formula is not as rigid for preseason games as they are for the regular season, there are numerous restrictions and traditions that limit the choices of preseason opponents; teams are also restricted on what days and times they can play these games. Split-squad games, a practice common in baseball and hockey, where a team that is scheduled to play two games on the same day splits their team into two squads, are prohibited. </p><p>The NFL has played exhibition games in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/American_Bowl" title="American Bowl">American Bowl</a> in 1999) and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> to spread the league's popularity (a game of this type was proposed for <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> but, due to financial and logistical problems, was eventually canceled). The league has tacitly forbidden the playing of non-league opponents, with the last interleague game having come in 1972 between the NFL's <a href="/wiki/New_York_Jets" title="New York Jets">New York Jets</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Seaboard_Football_League" title="Seaboard Football League">Seaboard Football League</a>'s Long Island Chiefs and the last game against a team other than an NFL team (the all-NFL rookie <a href="/wiki/Chicago_College_All-Star_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago College All-Star Game">College All-Stars</a>) was held in 1976. </p><p>Exhibition games are quite unpopular with many fans, who resent having to pay regular-season prices for two home exhibition games as part of a season-ticket package. Numerous lawsuits have been brought by fans and classes of fans against the NFL or its member teams regarding this practice, but none have been successful in halting it.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Pro_Bowl" title="Pro Bowl">Pro Bowl</a>, traditionally played after the end of the NFL season (since 2010 played the week prior to the Super Bowl), is also considered an exhibition game. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League" title="Arena Football League">Arena Football League</a> briefly had a two-game exhibition season in the early 2000s, a practice that ended in 2003 with a new television contract. Exhibition games outside of a structured season are relatively common among <a href="/wiki/Indoor_American_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor American football">indoor American football</a> leagues; because teams switch leagues frequently at that level of play, it is not uncommon to see some of the smaller leagues schedule exhibition games against teams that are from another league, about to join the league as a probational franchise, or a semi-pro outdoor team to fill holes in a schedule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="College_and_high_school_football">College and high school football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: College and high school football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> teams, particularly larger organizations, play a public intramural exhibition game in the spring mainly to promote the team and give new recruits an early chance at public game action. Many of these intramural games are nationally televised, though not to the same level of prominence as intercollegiate play. In college sports the commonly used term for the major scrimmage at the end of spring practice is the "Spring Game." </p><p>True exhibition games between opposing colleges at the highest level do not exist in college football; due to the importance of <a href="/wiki/Mythical_national_championship" title="Mythical national championship">opinion polling</a> in the top level of college football, even exhibition games would not truly be exhibitions because they could influence the opinions of those polled. Intramural games are possible because a team playing against itself leaves little ability for poll participants to make judgments, and at levels below the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Bowl_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision">Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS)</a>, championships are decided by objective formulas and thus those teams can play non-league games without affecting their playoff hopes. </p><p><a href="/wiki/High_school_football" title="High school football">High school football</a> teams frequently participate in controlled scrimmages with other teams during preseason practice, but full exhibition games are rare because of league rules and concerns about finances, travel and player injuries, along with enrollments not being registered until the early part of August in most school districts under the traditional September–June <a href="/wiki/Academic_term" title="Academic term">academic term</a>. Some states hold preseason events known as "jamborees" in which several pairs of high school football squads take turns playing one half (usually 24 minutes of game time) to give players some experience before the first official game. Another high school football exhibition contest is the <a href="/wiki/All-star_game" title="All-star game">all-star game</a>, which usually brings together top players from a region. These games are typically played by graduating seniors after the regular season or in the summer. Many of these games, which include the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_All-American_Bowl" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army All-American Bowl">U.S. Army All-American Bowl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Under_Armour_All-America_Game" title="Under Armour All-America Game">Under Armour All-America Game</a>, are used as showcases for players to be seen by colleges and increase their <a href="/wiki/College_recruiting" title="College recruiting">college recruiting</a> profile, or for athletes to confirm their choice and sign their <a href="/wiki/National_Letter_of_Intent" title="National Letter of Intent">National Letter of Intent</a> outside of <a href="/wiki/National_Signing_Day" title="National Signing Day">National Signing Day</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teams_outside_North_America">Teams outside North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Teams outside North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Outside North America, teams will sometimes organize exhibition games as part of their pre season preparations – <a href="/wiki/German_Football_League" title="German Football League">German Football League</a> teams for example often schedule games against second or third tier opponents ahead of their regular season. Exhibition games are also sometimes scheduled between teams from different countries which would otherwise never play each other – including on occasion between non-North American teams and North American college teams. As a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> leading to the cancellation of regular league play in many places, some teams scheduled exhibition games instead, including the <a href="/wiki/Dresden_Monarchs" title="Dresden Monarchs">Dresden Monarchs</a> hosting the <a href="/wiki/Wroclaw_Panthers" class="mw-redirect" title="Wroclaw Panthers">Wroclaw Panthers</a> on September 20, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canadian_football">Canadian football</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Canadian football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Teams in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Football_League" title="Canadian Football League">Canadian Football League</a> play two exhibition games each year, in June. Exhibition games in the CFL have taken on great importance to coaching staff and players alike in that they are used as a final stage of training camp and regular season rosters are finalized after the exhibition games, which are generally referred to as "pre-season" play. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rugby_union">Rugby union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Rugby union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the amateur era, there was only a limited number of <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> competitions between national teams. Therefore, matches between national teams are never considered "exhibitions" or "friendlies", as they always have <a href="/wiki/Test_match_(rugby_union)" title="Test match (rugby union)">Test match</a> status. </p><p>National teams sometimes play exhibition matches versus invitational teams like the <a href="/wiki/Barbarian_F.C." title="Barbarian F.C.">Barbarian F.C.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbarian_Rugby_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarian Rugby Club">Barbarian Rugby Club</a>. Also, rugby union clubs sometimes play preseason matches. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australian_rules_football">Australian rules football</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Australian rules football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football_exhibition_matches" title="Australian rules football exhibition matches">Australian rules football exhibition matches</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/NAB_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="NAB Cup">NAB Cup</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> has been introduced to a wide range of places around Australia and the world since the code originated in <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> in 1859. Much of this expansion can be directly attributed to exhibition matches by the major leagues in regions and countries where the code has been played as a <a href="/wiki/Demonstration_sport" title="Demonstration sport">demonstration sport</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auto_racing">Auto racing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Auto racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various auto racing organizations hold non-championship exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Cup_Series" title="NASCAR Cup Series">NASCAR Cup Series</a> holds two exhibition events annually – the <a href="/wiki/Busch_Clash" class="mw-redirect" title="Busch Clash">Busch Clash</a>, held at <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> at the start of the season, and the <a href="/wiki/Monster_Energy_NASCAR_All-Star_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="Monster Energy NASCAR All-Star Race">All-Star Race</a>, held at <a href="/wiki/North_Wilkesboro_Speedway" title="North Wilkesboro Speedway">North Wilkesboro Speedway</a> midway through the season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over US$1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at <a href="/wiki/Suzuka_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Suzuka Circuit">Suzuka Circuit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Twin_Ring_Motegi" title="Twin Ring Motegi">Twin Ring Motegi</a> in Japan and <a href="/wiki/Calder_Park_Thunderdome" class="mw-redirect" title="Calder Park Thunderdome">Calder Park Thunderdome</a> in Australia. </p><p>Other historical examples of non-championship races include the <a href="/wiki/Marlboro_Challenge" title="Marlboro Challenge">Marlboro Challenge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Champ_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Champ Car">IndyCar</a> racing and the TOCA Touring Car Shootout in the <a href="/wiki/British_Touring_Car_Championship" title="British Touring Car Championship">British Touring Car Championship</a>. Until the mid-1980s there were also a significant number of non-championship <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> races. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Hot_Rod_Association" title="National Hot Rod Association">National Hot Rod Association</a> <a href="/wiki/Pro_Stock" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro Stock">Pro Stock</a> teams will have a preseason drag meet held before the traditional start in Pomona. The Pro Stock Showdown is a preseason drag meet held for the Pro Stock teams held at The Strip at <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Motor_Speedway" title="Las Vegas Motor Speedway">Las Vegas Motor Speedway</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sumo">Sumo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sumo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">sumo wrestling</a>, official tournaments (<a href="/wiki/Honbasho" title="Honbasho">honbasho</a>) are held six times per year, in the cities of <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sumo-schedule_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumo-schedule-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In between the tournaments, regional tours known as jungyō (巡業) are undertaken to bring sumo wrestling to more <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Japan">regions of Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-regional-tour_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regional-tour-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to exhibition bouts, there are "demonstrations of <a href="/wiki/Tokoyama" title="Tokoyama">hairdressing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_sumo_terms#shokkiri" title="Glossary of sumo terms">comedy sumo</a> and sumo singing",<sup id="cite_ref-regional-tour_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regional-tour-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as opportunities for fans to meet with <a href="/wiki/Rikishi" title="Rikishi">wrestlers</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Heya_(sumo)" title="Heya (sumo)">sumo stables</a> to find new recruits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criterium" title="Criterium">Criterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparring" title="Sparring">Sparring</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exhibition_game&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2016" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Louise (12 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/jul/12/premier-league-pre-season-leicester">"Premier League clubs embark on globetrotting pre-season – but at what cost?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Premier+League+clubs+embark+on+globetrotting+pre-season+%E2%80%93+but+at+what+cost%3F&rft.date=2016-07-12&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffootball%2F2016%2Fjul%2F12%2Fpremier-league-pre-season-leicester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExhibition+game" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell2011" class="citation news cs1">Bell, Jack (11 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/sports/soccer/for-international-soccer-powers-summer-trips-to-the-us.html">"For International Powers, Summer Trips to the U.S."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+International+Powers%2C+Summer+Trips+to+the+U.S.&rft.date=2011-07-11&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F07%2F12%2Fsports%2Fsoccer%2Ffor-international-soccer-powers-summer-trips-to-the-us.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExhibition+game" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/3509153.stm">"Fifa limits substitutions"</a>. BBC Sport. 28 February 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040611200316/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/3509153.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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2012-06-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Scottish Football League, 23 February 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/guti-alipio-impress-real-madrid-bounce-game-226848">Guti, Alipio impress in Real Madrid bounce game</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130708190007/http://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/guti-alipio-impress-real-madrid-bounce-game-226848">Archived</a> 2013-07-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Tribal Football, 2 December 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paisleydailyexpress.co.uk/renfrewshire-sport/renfrewshire-football/renfrewshire-football-st-mirren/2011/08/18/mcshane-bags-a-bounce-game-hat-trick-87085-29255214/">McShane bags a bounce game hat trick</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110909060204/http://www.paisleydailyexpress.co.uk/renfrewshire-sport/renfrewshire-football/renfrewshire-football-st-mirren/2011/08/18/mcshane-bags-a-bounce-game-hat-trick-87085-29255214/">Archived</a> 2011-09-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Paisley Daily Express, 18 August 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/sport/neil-lennon-on-the-lookout-1.1131366">Neil Lennon on the lookout</a> Evening Times, 26 October 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lennoxherald.co.uk/dunbartonshire-sport/dunbartonshire-football/dumbarton-fc/2011/07/01/dumbarton-fc-manager-prepares-for-first-bounce-game-114557-28956413/">Dumbarton FC manager prepares for first bounce game</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133907/http://www.lennoxherald.co.uk/dunbartonshire-sport/dunbartonshire-football/dumbarton-fc/2011/07/01/dumbarton-fc-manager-prepares-for-first-bounce-game-114557-28956413/">Archived</a> 2012-04-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Lennox Herald, 1 July 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.north-star-news.co.uk/Sport/Football/Inverness-Caley-Thistle/ICT-players-fight-to-avoid-axe-7419242.htm">ICT players fight to avoid axe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190122000930/https://www.north-star-news.co.uk/Sport/Football/Inverness-Caley-Thistle/ICT-players-fight-to-avoid-axe-7419242.htm">Archived</a> 2019-01-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> North Star News, 1 December 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bandyboken (in Swedish)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZawadzki2001" class="citation book cs1">Zawadzki, Edward (2001). <i>The Ultimate Canadian Sports 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Slate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110627005511/http://www.slate.com/id/2110667/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crossed+Off+%E2%80%93+They%27re+God%27s+favorite+basketball+team%E2%80%A6of+course+nobody+wants+to+play+them&rft.pub=Slate&rft.date=2004-12-03&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fid%2F2110667%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExhibition+game" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210927121245/https://www.sportbuzzer.de/galerie/football-dresden-monarchs-wroclaw-panthers-14-48/">"Football: Dresden Monarchs – Wroclaw Panthers 14:48"</a>. <i>Sportbuzzer.de</i>. 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