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cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Етимология" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Етимология"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Етимология</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Етимология-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-История" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>История</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-История-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Представители" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Представители"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Представители</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Представители-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Философски_възгледи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Философски_възгледи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Философски възгледи</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Философски_възгледи-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Философски възгледи</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Философски_възгледи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Логика" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Логика"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Логика</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Логика-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Физика" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Физика"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Физика</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Физика-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Етика" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Етика"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Етика</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Етика-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Исторически_продължения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Исторически_продължения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Исторически продължения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Исторически_продължения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Външни_препратки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Външни_препратки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Външни препратки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Външни_препратки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Стоицизъм</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 97 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sto%C3%AFsisme" title="Stoïsisme – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stoïsisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Stoa" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismo" title="Estoicismo – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Estoicismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رواقية – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رواقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الرواقيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الرواقيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismu" title="Estoicismu – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estoicismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1q" title="Stoaçılıq – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Stoaçılıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoisismo" title="Estoisismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Estoisismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Стаіцызм – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стаіцызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="বৈরাগ্যদর্শন – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বৈরাগ্যদর্শন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikegezh" title="Stoikegezh – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Stoikegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizam" title="Stoicizam – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Stoicizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esto%C3%AFcisme" title="Estoïcisme – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estoïcisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ستۆیسیزم – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ستۆیسیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicismus" title="Stoicismus – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stoicismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicisme" title="Stoicisme – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stoicisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stoa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%89%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Στωικισμός – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στωικισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stoicism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikismo" title="Stoikismo – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Stoikismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismo" title="Estoicismo – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estoicismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoitsism" title="Stoitsism – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Stoitsism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estoizismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="رواقی‌گری – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رواقی‌گری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoalaisuus" title="Stoalaisuus – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Stoalaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sto%C3%AFcisme" title="Stoïcisme – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stoïcisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3chas" title="Stóchas – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stóchas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B2thachd" title="Stòthachd – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Stòthachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismo" title="Estoicismo – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estoicismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האסכולה הסטואית – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האסכולה הסטואית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="स्टोइक दर्शन – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्टोइक दर्शन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizam" title="Stoicizam – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stoicizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztoikus_filoz%C3%B3fia" title="Sztoikus filozófia – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sztoikus filozófia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Ստոիցիզմ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստոիցիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicismo" title="Stoicismo – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Stoicismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikisme" title="Stoikisme – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Stoikisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikismo" title="Stoikismo – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Stoikismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3uspeki" title="Stóuspeki – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stóuspeki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicismo" title="Stoicismo – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stoicismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E6%B4%BE" title="ストア派 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ストア派" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoisisme" title="Stoisisme – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Stoisisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სტოიციზმი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტოიციზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Стоицизм – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Стоицизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EC%95%84_%ED%95%99%ED%8C%8C" title="스토아 학파 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스토아 학파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Стоицизм – киргизки" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стоицизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placita_Stoicorum" title="Placita Stoicorum – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Placita Stoicorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicisme" title="Stoicisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Stoicisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sto%C3%AFcisme" title="Stoïcisme – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Stoïcisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicismo" title="Stoicismo – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Stoicismo" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizmas" title="Stoicizmas – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stoicizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicisms" title="Stoicisms – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stoicisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Стоицизмась – мокша" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Стоицизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокша" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B4ikisma" title="Stôikisma – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Stôikisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Стоицизам – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Стоицизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4" title="സ്റ്റോയിക്ക് തത്വചിന്ത – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്റ്റോയിക്ക് തത്വചിന്ത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="तितिक्षावाद – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तितिक्षावाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikisme" title="Stoikisme – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Stoikisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoj%C4%8Bi%C5%BCmu" title="Stojċiżmu – малтийски" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Stojċiżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismo" title="Estoicismo – мирандийски" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Estoicismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="رواقیون – мазандерански" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رواقیون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандерански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stoa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stoa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoisisme" title="Stoisisme – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stoisisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikisme" title="Stoikisme – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Stoikisme" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esto%C3%AFcisme" title="Estoïcisme – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estoïcisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਸਟੋਇਕਵਾਦ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਟੋਇਕਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicyzm" title="Stoicyzm – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stoicyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="رواقیت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رواقیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoicismo" title="Estoicismo – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estoicismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stoicism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Стоицизм – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стоицизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizam" title="Stoicizam – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stoicizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stoicism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizmus" title="Stoicizmus – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stoicizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizem" title="Stoicizem – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stoicizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaayib" title="Qaayib – сомалийски" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Qaayib" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомалийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizmi" title="Stoicizmi – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stoicizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicizam" title="Stoicizam – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Stoicizam" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoa" title="Stoa – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Stoa" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stoicism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உறுதிப்பாட்டுவாதம் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உறுதிப்பாட்டுவாதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="స్టోయిసిజం – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్టోయిసిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ลัทธิสโตอิก – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิสโตอิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoisismo" title="Estoisismo – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Estoisismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoac%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" title="Stoacılık – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stoacılık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Стоиклык – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Стоиклык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%97%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Стоїцизм – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стоїцизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="رواقیت – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رواقیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoitsizm" title="Stoitsizm – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Stoitsizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_kh%E1%BA%AFc_k%E1%BB%B7" title="Chủ nghĩa khắc kỷ – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa khắc kỷ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoisismo" title="Estoisismo – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Estoisismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E8%91%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="斯多葛主义 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="斯多葛主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სტოიციზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტოიციზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E8%91%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="斯多葛主義 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="斯多葛主義" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E8%91%9B%E5%AE%97" title="斯多葛宗 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="斯多葛宗" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su-to%CD%98-%C3%A0_Ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB%EF%BC%88Stoicism%EF%BC%89" title="Su-to͘-à Chú-gī（Stoicism） – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Su-to͘-à Chú-gī（Stoicism）" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E8%91%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="斯多葛主義 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="斯多葛主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48235#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" rel="discussion" title="Беседа за страницата [t]" 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</div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stoicism" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48235" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_(Napoli,_1969)_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg/200px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg/300px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg/399px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Napoli%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6353768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Бюст на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Зенон от Китион">Зенон от Китион</a>, смятан за основател на стоицизма.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Стоицизъм</b> (от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Гръцки">гръцки</a>: Στωικισμός) е школа на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Елинистична философия">елинистическата философия</a>, основана в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Атинска агора">Атинската агора</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Зенон от Китион">Зенон от Китион</a> през IV – III век пр.н.е. Това учение е широко разпространено в <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Древна Гърция">Древна Гърция</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Древен Рим">Древен Рим</a>, и се смята за едно от най-значимите в историята на западната цивилизация.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Стоиците твърдят, че честото и продължително прилагане на моралните <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Добродетел">добродетели</a> (смелост, мъдрост, умереност, благоразумие и т.н.) води до постигането на <i>евдаймония</i> – състояние на пълноценен живот изпълнен със смисъл. </p><p>Наред с Аристотеловата етика, стоическата традиция формира един от основните подходи към етиката на добродетелта.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Стоиците изтъкват, че "добродетелта е единственото добро" за човека и че външните проявления като здраве, богатство, удоволствия и т.н., не са добри или лоши сами по себе си (концепцията за <i>адиафора;</i> на гръцки: ἀδιάφορον), но притежават потенциал за прилагане и упражняване на добродетелта. Много стоици (като <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Епиктет">Епиктет</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций Аней Сенека">Сенека</a>) подчертават, че тъй като "добродетелта е достатъчна за щастието", стоикът би следвало да бъде емоционално устойчив на нещастието. Стоиците също смятат, че определени деструктивни емоции са резултат от грешки в преценката и вярват, че хората трябва да се стремят да поддържат воля (концепцията за <i>проаиресис;</i> на гръцки: προαίρεσις) която е "в съответствие с природата". Поради това стоиците твърдят, че най-добрата индикация за философията на индивида не се състои в това, което той казва, а в това, което върши.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> За да живее добър живот, човек трябва да разбира природните закони, понеже всичко се корени в природата. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Етимология"><span id=".D0.95.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Етимология</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Етимология" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Етимология"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Името <i>стоицизъм</i> произлиза от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Стоа Пойкиле">Стоа Пойкиле</a> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Гръцки език">гръцки</a>: <span lang="el" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">στοὰ ποικίλη</span> – пъстра <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Стоа">стоа</a>) – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Портик">портик</a> с колонада, декорирана с митични и исторически бойни сцени, разположена от северната страна на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Атинска агора">Атинската агора</a>. През IV – III век пр.н.е. Зенон от Китион и неговите последователи се събират на това място за да дискутират своите философски идеи и така полагат основите на философската школа.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: История" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: История"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>За основател на стоицизма се смята Зенон, роден ок. 334 г. пр.н.е. във финикийската колония <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Китион">Китион</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%80_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Кипър (остров)">о. Кипър</a>. Малко се знае за ранните му години, но е известно, че той бързо се превръща в заможен търговец. По време на едно свое търговско пътешествие – от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия">Финикия</a> до <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Пирея">Пирея</a>, той претърпява корабокрушение и губи цялата си стока. Разорен, заминава за Атина. Там случайно попада на книжар, който му предлага <i>Сократическите съчинения</i> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Ксенофонт">Ксенофонт</a>. Впечатлен от това как <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сократ">Сократ</a> е представен в тях, Зенон пита книжаря къде може да се срещне с човек като Сократ. В този момент покрай тях минава Кратет от Тива – най-известният по това време <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Киници">киник</a> в Гърция, и книжарят го посочва.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Така Зенон става ученик на Кратет. В последствие той учи и при философите от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Мегарска школа">Мегарската школа</a>, както и при някои от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Платонизъм">платониците</a> (Ксенократ Халкидонски и Полемон).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>По-късно Зенон започва самостоятелно да излага своите философски идеи до колонадата (стоата) на Атинската Агора. За разлика от <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Епикурейство">епикурейците</a>, той излага своята философия на публично място. Първоначално тя започва да се нарича зеноизъм, но това име скоро е изоставено. Предполага се, че причината за това се дъжли на един от ранните философски принципи на стоицизма, а именно дистанцирането от изграждане на култ към личността.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Зенон умира ок. 262 г. пр.н.е. </p><p>Стоицизмът процъфтява в Римската империя и Гърция до III в., но претърпява упадък с възхода на християнството през IV в. Неодобрението на стоическата философия от страна на по-късните християнски автори (определящи тази философия като езическа) и предпочитанията към Платон и Аристотел, водят до постепенната забрава на нейните оригинални идеи. Фрагменти от ранните стоици са компилирани и издадени от Арним.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> В последствие стоицизмът се възражда няколко пъти, най-забележимо по времето Ренесанса (неостоицизъм) и в наши дни (модерен/съвременен стоицизъм).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Представители"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8"></span>Представители</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Представители" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Представители"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Диоген Лаерций">Диоген Лаерций</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> посочва петима негови съмишленици, но днешните изследователи изброяват около стотина автори, свързвани с такива разбирания. При това се разграничават три периода: ранен, среден и късен, с главни представители: </p> <ul><li>ранен стоицизъм <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Зенон от Китион">Зенон от Китион</a> (332 – 262 пр.н.е.), основател</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Аристон Хиоски">Аристон от Хиос</a> (300 – 260 пр.н.е.), пряк ученик</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Клеант">Клеант от Асос</a> (330 – 232 пр.н.е.), втори ръководител</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Хризип">Хризип</a> (280 – 204 пр.н.е.), трети ръководител</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Диоген Вавилонски">Диоген Вавилонски</a> (230 – 150 пр.н.е.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Антипатър от Тарс">Антипатър от Тарс</a> (210 – 129 пр.н.е.)</li></ul></li> <li>среден стоицизъм <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Панетий Родоски">Панеций от Родос</a> (185 – 109 пр.н.е.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Посидоний">Посидоний</a> (около 135 – 51 пр.н.е.)</li></ul></li> <li>късен (римски) стоицизъм <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон">Цицерон</a> (106 – 43 пр.н.е.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Сенека">Сенека</a> (4 пр.н.е.– 65 г.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%84" title="Гай Музоний Руф">Гай Музоний Руф</a> (20 – 101 г.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Епиктет">Епиктет</a> (55 – 135 г.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Марк Аврелий">Марк Аврелий</a> (121 – 180 г.)</li></ul></li></ul><p> Хронологична рамка:</p><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_4gk82w7mk9uctxssl9z8e6zxwr87o4h"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" coords="-14,211,178,235" title="Марк Аврелий" alt="Марк Аврелий" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" coords="97,192,229,216" title="Епиктет" alt="Епиктет" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" coords="82,172,201,196" title="Сенека" alt="Сенека" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" coords="-71,153,61,177" title="Цицерон" alt="Цицерон" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" coords="317,133,475,157" title="Посидоний" alt="Посидоний" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" coords="266,114,504,138" title="Панетий Родоски" alt="Панетий Родоски" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" coords="236,94,487,118" title="Антипатър от Тарс" alt="Антипатър от Тарс" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" coords="211,75,470,99" title="Диоген Вавилонски" alt="Диоген Вавилонски" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BF" coords="156,55,274,79" title="Хризип" alt="Хризип" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" coords="128,35,246,59" title="Клеант" alt="Клеант" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" coords="94,16,319,40" title="Зенон от Китион" alt="Зенон от Китион" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_4gk82w7mk9uctxssl9z8e6zxwr87o4h" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/bg/timeline/4gk82w7mk9uctxssl9z8e6zxwr87o4h.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Философски_възгледи"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.84.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D1.8A.D0.B7.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Философски възгледи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Философски възгледи" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Философски възгледи"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <blockquote><p>Философията, отговорил Епиктет, не обещава на човека да му помогне да постигне нещо от външните неща. Иначе тя би се занимавала с нещо, което не е нейната материя. Както дървото е материята на строителя и бронзът – на скулптора, така за майсторията на живота за всеки материята е неговият собствен живот. – Епиктет, Диатриби <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Стоиците предоставят цялостен философски възглед за света, изграден от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика">логика,</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Монизъм">монистична</a> физика, и натуралистична етика. От тези три части те определят етиката за основен стремеж на човешкото познание, въпреки че теориите им върху логиката представляват по-голям интерес за късните автори.</p><blockquote><p>Те уподобяват философията на живо същество и сравняват логиката с костите, етиката с мускулите и физиката с душата. – Диоген Лаерций, Животът на философите<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Стоицизмът акцентира върху развитието на самоконтрола като средство за преодоляване на онези <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Емоция">емоции</a>, определяни като разрушителни. Ако човек се превърне в безпристрастен мислител с ясен ум, той ще придобие разбиране за универсалния разум (логос). Това гласи основния аспект на стоицизма, който включва стремежа към подобряване на етичното и моралното благополучие на индивида.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Този принцип е приложим в сферата на междуличностните отношения (освобождаването от емоции като гняв, завист и ревност)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и в приемането на всички хора (дори и на робите) за равни (стоицизмът твърди, че всички хора са продукт на природата и трябва да се подчиняват на нейните закони).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Стоическата етика притежава известна <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Детерминизъм">детерминистична</a> перспектива. Пример за това е един от коментарите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Клеант">Клеант</a>, според който онзи нечестивец на който му липсват стоически добродетели е като куче, вързано за каруца и осъдено да отиде там, където отиде каруцата<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Но един истински стоик, напротив – би изменил волята си за да бъде в съзвучие със света и да остане, по думите на Епиктет „болен, но все пак щастлив; в опасност, но все пак щастлив; в изгнание, но щастлив; опозорен, но щастлив“<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, като по този начин се изгражда една „напълно автономна“ индивидуална воля и същевременно вселена, която е детерминистична и единна. Тази гледна точно по-късно е определена като „класически патетизъм“ (възприета от холандския философ <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Барух Спиноза">Бенедикт де Спиноза</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Логика"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Логика</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Логика" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Логика"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Стоическата логика предполага най-общото деление на нищо или нещо (outina/tina), а именно нещата биват телесни и нетелесни. Като строг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Номинализъм">номинализъм</a>, стоицизмът отрича съществуването на общи видове. Така логическата проблематика е ориентирана към изказванията, а не към термините – разграничение, което в съвременната логика се описва като отделянето на пропозиционалната логика от предикатната. Интерес за нея представляват модалностите на условност и възможност, т.е. анализ на изказвания от типа „ако утре вали, то...“ и „утре може да вали, но може и да не вали“. Подобни разглеждания са отчетливо различни от аристотеловата силогистика, обсебила за дълго европейските логици.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Физика"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Физика</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Физика" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Физика"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Стоическата философия е строго монистка: тя приема, че съществуващото е производно от една-единствена субстанция, която във всяка своя част, колкото и малка да е тя, е едновременно активна и пасивна.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Този централен възглед опонентите ѝ са го окарикатурявали по различни начини, определяйки го като <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хилозоизъм (страницата не съществува)">хилозоизъм</a> или като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Пантеизъм">пантеизъм</a>. По-близко е съвременното физическо разбиране за взаимообратимост на материя и енергия. За форми на тази активна субстанция се сочат четирите стихии, чиито превръщания не са безразборни, а подлежат на законосъобразност, т.е. самата активност е и „Логос“. „Него Зенон определя като създател, който е оформил всичко в правилен порядък и го назовава и съдба, и бог, и зевсов дух, и необходимост“.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Стоиците смятат, че съществува и едно глобално превръщане, като с течение на времето влагата се изпарява все повече, докато цялата Земя изсъхва и се възпламенява – възниква всемирен пожар (т.н. „екпирозис“), следва потоп и всичко започва наново (палингенезис и апокатастазис). Те смятат, че и цялата събитийна история в един такъв цикъл се повтаря „и отново ще има Сократ, Платон и всички техни привърженици и приятели, и съграждани. И отново те ще говорят същите неща и ще се залавят за следващите ги дела. И отново всичко ще се възстанови по същия начин...“<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Монистичният възглед на стоиците изключва трансцендентност, която да направлява действителността като външен от нея агент: субстанцията не се нуждае нито от творец, нито от демиург или първодвигател; казано в съвременни термини „тя се самоорганизира“. Макар съществуващото да е изцяло телесно, в отнасянето му към самото себе си стоиците признават наличието на т.нар. нетелесности: време, място, изказуемост и празнота.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Етика"><span id=".D0.95.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Етика</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Етика" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Етика"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Стоическата етика също контрастира с множество възприети от античността идеи. Приемайки принципното еднообразие на света, тя смята всички хора за принципно равноправни и не приписва собствена реалност на социалните йерархии. Съответно, добродетелта не е нещо, което да бъде „възнаграждавано“, а е адекватно на съществуващите неща поведение. Както Диоген Лаерций предава: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div> <p>„Едно и също е да се живее според добродетелта и да се живее според опита на съответните на природата неща, както казва Хризип в първата книга за целите. Понеже нашите вродени качества са част от цялото, за това цел е животът в съответствие с природата, което означава живеене според собствената природа и според природата като цяло, т.е. на същностите, действията на всяка от които са зависими от общия закон – правилния логос, преминаващ през всичко“.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Исторически_продължения"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.8A.D0.BB.D0.B6.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Исторически продължения</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Исторически продължения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Исторически продължения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>В Рим стоицизмът бива сведен до етическа доктрина при минимум интерес към собствено метафизическите ѝ основания. С установяването на християнството дори от това стеснено разбиране остава съвсем малко. Едва с развитието на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика">схоластиката</a> и преоткриването на Аристотел биват възродени някои от логическите идеи на стоиците, доколкото те често са били именно алтернатива на аристотеловата трактовка на логическата проблематика.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Към края на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Ренесанс">Ренесанса</a>, в XVI в., се появява първото по-обстойно представяне на стоицизма, дело на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юстус Липсиус (страницата не съществува)">Юстус Липсиус</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> В следващия век философията на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Спиноза">Спиноза</a> обаче предлага едно впечатляващо превъплъщение на принципно стоическата мисъл. Малко по-късно с осъдителен тон <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86" title="Готфрид Лайбниц">Лайбниц</a> пише за „новите стоици“,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> визирайки <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Декарт">Декарт</a> и Cпиноза, ала самият той несъмнено също се е запознал внимателно с идеите на античната школа. </p><p>Във връзка с развитието на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Математическата логика">математическата логика</a> към края на XIX в. се появява нов интерес към стоиците.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> В XX век <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Жил Дельоз">Жил Дельоз</a> по забележителен начин се обръща към стоическото наследство за изграждане на своята късномодерна философия.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Saunders, Jason Lewis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Stoicism">Stoicism</a> //  <i>Britannica</i>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSharpe2013" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sharpe, Matthew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181113015946/http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30059463/sharpe-stoicvirtue-2013.pdf">Stoic Virtue Ethics</a> //  <i>Handbook of Virtue Ethics</i>.  2013. с. 28 - 41.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30059463/sharpe-stoicvirtue-2013.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2018-11-13.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSellars2006,_p._32" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sellars, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stoicism0000sell">Stoicism</a>.  2006, p. 32. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1844650537" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1844650537</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBecker2003,_p._27" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Becker, Lawrence. A History of Western Ethics.  New York, Routledge, 2003, p. 27. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780415968256" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0415968256</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLaertius1925,_§_2–3" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Laertius, Diogenes. The Stoics: Zeno. Т. 2:7.  Loeb Classical Library, 1925, § 2–3.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLaertius1925,_§_2–26" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Laertius, Diogenes. The Stoics: Zeno. Т. 2:7.  Loeb Classical Library, 1925, § 2–26.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2018" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Robertson, Donald. Stoicism and the Art of Happiness.  Great Britain, John Murray, 2018. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1473674786" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1473674786</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Stoicorum veterum fragmenta</i>, vol. I-III, col. Arnim Н., Lipsiae, 1903 – 5; стандартно се цитират като <i>SVF</i> том.номер</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBecker1999" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Becker, Lawrence C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=NbqFt3RPsuQC&redir_esc=y">A New Stoicism</a>.  Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1999. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781400822447" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1400822447</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Диоген Лаерций, <i>Животът на философите</i>, София: Народна Култура, 1985, кн.7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFЕпиктет2015" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Епиктет. Диатриби, прев. Б. Богданов.  София, Нов Български университет, 2015. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789545358746" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-954-535-874-6</a>. с. 63.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Диоген Лаерций, <i>op. cit.</i>, c.187</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRussel1945,_p._254" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Russel, Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy.  New York, American Book-Stratford Press, 1945, p. 254.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRussuell1945,_p._264" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Russuell, Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy.  New York, American Book-Stratford Press, 1945, p. 264.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRussell1945,_p._253" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Russell, Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy.  New York, American Book-Stratford Press, 1945, p. 253.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHartshorne1953,_ch._4" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Hartshorne, Charles, Reese, William. Philosophers Speak to God.  Humanity Books, 1953, ch. 4.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Les Stoiciens et leur logique</i>. Ed. by Brunschwig J. Paris: Vrin, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">вж. за подробности Hahm. D., <i>The origins of stoic cosmology</i>, Ohio State University Press, 1977.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lactancius, <i>Divinarum Institutionum</i>, lib.IV.9; <i>Фрагменти</i>, с.71</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nemesius, <i>De Natura Hominem</i>, 38; <i>Фрагменти</i>, c.60)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Секст Емпирук (Sextus Empiricus), <i>Adversus Mathematicos</i>, 10.218 (= SVF 2:31: 117) „lekton kai kenon kai topon kai chronon“</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Диоген Лаерций, op. cit. 7.87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ebesen S., <i>Where were the Stoics in the Late Middle Age?</i>, in <i>Stoicism: transitions and transformations</i>, ed. Steven Strange, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004, p108-130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Justus Lipsius, <i>De Constantia</i> (libri duo), 1584; <i>Manuductionis ad Stoicam Philosophiam</i> (libri tres), 1694</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Leibniz G., <i>Sentiments de Socrate opposes aux nouveaux stoiciens et epicureens</i>, Philos. Schr. / Gerhardt 7:333 – 6.(=Ak VI.4:1384 – 8)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">отбелязвано е известно сходство между идеите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Готлоб Фреге">Готлоб Фреге</a> и стоицизма, като дори е предположена и по-пряка връзка, вж. Gabriel G., et al., <i>Zur Miete bei Frege – Rudolf Hirzel und die Rezeption der stoischen Logik und Semantik in Jena</i>, J. for History and Philosophy of Logic, Vol.30, (Nov. 2009), p 369 – 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">вж. най-вече Deleuze G., <i>Logique du Sens</i>, Paris: Minuit, 1969</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Литература" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Литература"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Стоици – фрагменти</i>, София: Лик, 1995, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9546070254" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 954-607-025-4</a></li> <li>Радев, Р. <i>Антична философия</i>, Стара загора: Тракия, 1994, с. 590 – 617</li> <li>Becker, L. <i>A New Stoicism</i>. Princetion: Princeton University Press, 1999, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781400822447" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1400822447</a></li> <li>Becker, L. <i>A History of Western Ethics</i>. New York: Routledge, 2003, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780415968256" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0415968256</a></li> <li>Robertson, D. <i>Stoicism and the Art of Happiness</i>. Great Britain: John Murray, 2018, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1473674786" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1473674786</a></li> <li>Sellars, J. <i>Stoicism</i> (Berkeley: University of California Press), 2006, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1844650537" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1844650537</a></li> <li>Епиктет. <i>Диатриби</i>, прев. Б. Богданов, София, НБУ, 2015, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789545358746" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-954-535-874-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Външни_препратки"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.BD.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Външни препратки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Външни препратки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Външни препратки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Подробна <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontology.co/biblio/logic-stoics-editions.htm">библиографска</a> справка на сайта <i>Теория и история на онтологията</i></li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/stoicism">Стоицизъм</a> Станфордска философска енциклопедия</li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На френски език"><b>(</b>(fr)<b>)</b></span><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> <i>Les stoïciens et le monde</i> брой на <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairn.info/revue-de-metaphysique-et-de-morale-2005-4.htm">Revue de métaphysique et de morale</a> 2005/4 (n° 48)</li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span>Zeller E, and Reichel O., <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/stoicsepicurean01reicgoog">The Stoics, Epicureans and Sceptics</a> </i>, London: Longmans, Green, 1892</li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD699;;background::#FFD699;;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шаблон:Философия"><abbr title="Преглед на шаблона" style="background:#FFD699;;background::#FFD699;;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F"><abbr title="Беседа на шаблона" style="background:#FFD699;;background::#FFD699;;background:none transparent;border:none;">б</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit"><abbr title="Редактиране на шаблона" style="background:#FFD699;;background::#FFD699;;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия">Философия</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD699;;background: Tan1;;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Западна философия">Западна философия</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Източна философия">Източна философия</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;background:#FFD699;;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="История на философията">История</a></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> </div><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background:#FFE5BE;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Антична философия">Антична</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Будистка философия (страницата не съществува)">Будистка</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Древногръцка философия">Древногръцка</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Елинистична философия">Елинистична</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Индийска философия">Индийска</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Индуистка философия">Индуистка</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Китайска философия">Китайска</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Персийска философия (страницата не съществува)">Персийска</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background:#FFE5BE;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Средновековна философия">Средновековна</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика">Схоластика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Томизъм (страницата не съществува)">Томизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Скотизъм (страницата не съществува)">Скотизъм</a></span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background:#FFE5BE;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Модерна философия">Модерна философия</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Емпиризъм">Емпиризъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Рационализъм">Рационализъм</a></span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background:#FFE5BE;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Съвременна философия">Съвременна</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аналитична философия">Аналитична</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Континентална философия">Eвропейска континентална</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;background:#FFD699;;">Дялове</th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Метафизика">Метафизика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Епистемология">Епистемология</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика">Логика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етика">Етика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Естетика">Естетика</a></span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;background:#FFD699;;">Философия на</th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на биологията (страницата не съществува)">Биологията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Онтология">Битието</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на географията (страницата не съществува)">Географията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Теория на действието (философия) (страницата не съществува)">Действието</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Философия на езика">Езика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на здравеопазването (страницата не съществува)">Здравеопазване</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Естетика">Изкуството</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на икономиката">Икономиката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на информацията (страницата не съществува)">Информацията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на историята">Историята</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия и литература (страницата не съществува)">Литературата</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на математиката">Математиката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на музиката (страницата не съществува)">Музиката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на науката">Науката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на образованието (страницата не съществува)">Образованието</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на околната среда (страницата не съществува)">Околната среда</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Юриспруденция">Правото</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Политическа философия">Политиката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на психологията">Психологията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на религията (страницата не съществува)">Религията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на социологията (страницата не съществува)">Социологията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на технологията (страницата не съществува)">Технологията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на физиката">Физиката</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на филма (страницата не съществува)">Филмите</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философска антропология">Философска антропология</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метафилософия (страницата не съществува)">Философията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на химията (страницата не съществува)">Химията</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философия на ума (страницата не съществува)">Ума</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;background:#FFD699;;">Школи</th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Авероизъм (страницата не съществува)">Авероизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Авиценизъм (страницата не съществува)">Авиценизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Анархизъм">Анархизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Аристотелизъм">Аристотелизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Африкана-философия (страницата не съществува)">Африкана</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Веданта">Веданта</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Деизъм">Деизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Деконструкция">Деконструкция</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Диалектически материализъм">Диалектически материализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Деонтология">Деонтология</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Дуализъм (философия)">Дуализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Екзистенциализъм">Екзистенциализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Епикурейство">Епикурейство</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Епифеноменализъм (страницата не съществува)">Епифеноменализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Идеализъм">Идеализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Кантианизъм">Кантианизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Школа Киото (страницата не съществува)">Киото</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Класически либерализъм">Класически либерализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Критическа теория">Критическа теория</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Логически позитивизъм">Логически позитивизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Марксизъм">Марксизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Материализъм">Материализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Модернизъм">Модернизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Монизъм">Монизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метафизически натурализъм (страницата не съществува)">Натурализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Неоплатонизъм">Неоплатонизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Новите философи">Нови философи</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Нихилизъм">Нихилизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морален партикуларизъм (страницата не съществува)">Партикуларизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Перипатетическа школа">Перипатетическа</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Платонизъм">Платонизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Постхуманизъм (страницата не съществува)">Постхуманизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Постмодерна философия">Постмодернизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Постструктурализъм">Постструктурализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Правен позитивизъм">Правен позитивизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Прагматизъм">Прагматизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Предсократици">Предсократици</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Психоанализа">Психоанализа</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Философски реализъм">Реализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Релативизъм">Релативизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Философски скептицизъм (страницата не съществува)">Скептицизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Солипсизъм">Солипсизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спекулативен реализъм (страницата не съществува)">Спекулативен реализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Стоицизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Структурализъм">Структурализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика">Схоластика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Томизъм (страницата не съществува)">Томизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Утилитаризъм">Утилитаризъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Феминистка философия">Феминизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Феноменология">Феноменология</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC_(%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Функционализъм (Философия на ума) (страницата не съществува)">Функционализъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Хедонизъм">Хедонизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хегелианство">Хегелианство</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Херменевтика">Херменевтика</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Хуманизъм">Хуманизъм</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Циници">Циници</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD699;;background:Tan1;;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Философия">Портал</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Философия">Категория</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Уикипедия:Философия">УикиПроект</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Стоицизъм&oldid=12402199">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Стоицизъм&oldid=12402199</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Категория:Стоицизъм">Стоицизъм</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрити категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_Timeline" title="Категория:Страници, използващи Timeline">Страници, използващи Timeline</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Категория:Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN">Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li 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