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<li id="toc-Insignia_and_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insignia_and_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Insignia and symbols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insignia_and_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Academic programs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_programs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academic programs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Undergraduate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undergraduate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Undergraduate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undergraduate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graduate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graduate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Graduate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graduate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cancelled_Faculty_of_Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cancelled_Faculty_of_Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Cancelled Faculty of Law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cancelled_Faculty_of_Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_Life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_Life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Student Life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_Life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Student Life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Student_Life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Student groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Athletics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>International Programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laurentian_Leadership_Centre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laurentian_Leadership_Centre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Laurentian Leadership Centre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laurentian_Leadership_Centre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OMADA_Teambuilding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OMADA_Teambuilding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>OMADA Teambuilding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OMADA_Teambuilding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Campus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Academic_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Academic facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletic_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletic_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Athletic facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletic_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite_campuses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_campuses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Satellite campuses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite_campuses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies_and_Court_Cases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies_and_Court_Cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Controversies and Court Cases</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies_and_Court_Cases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies and Court Cases subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies_and_Court_Cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Teaching_certification_program_accreditation_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teaching_certification_program_accreditation_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Teaching certification program accreditation lawsuit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teaching_certification_program_accreditation_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_of_Law_accreditation_lawsuits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_of_Law_accreditation_lawsuits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Faculty of Law accreditation lawsuits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_of_Law_accreditation_lawsuits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Law_Society_of_British_Columbia_Accreditation_Reversal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_Society_of_British_Columbia_Accreditation_Reversal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Law Society of British Columbia Accreditation Reversal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_Society_of_British_Columbia_Accreditation_Reversal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nova_Scotia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Nova_Scotia_Barristers'_Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nova_Scotia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Nova_Scotia_Barristers'_Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Nova Scotia: <i>Trinity Western University v Nova Scotia Barristers' Society</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nova_Scotia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Nova_Scotia_Barristers'_Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontario:_Trinity_Western_University_v_The_Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontario:_Trinity_Western_University_v_The_Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>Ontario: <i>Trinity Western University v The Law Society of Upper Canada</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontario:_Trinity_Western_University_v_The_Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Columbia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Law_Society_of_British_Columbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Columbia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Law_Society_of_British_Columbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>British Columbia: <i>Trinity Western University v Law Society of British Columbia</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Columbia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Law_Society_of_British_Columbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supreme_Court_of_Canada_Decisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supreme_Court_of_Canada_Decisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.5</span> <span>Supreme Court of Canada Decisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supreme_Court_of_Canada_Decisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni_and_faculty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni_and_faculty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable alumni and faculty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni_and_faculty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86" title="دانشگاه ترینیتی وسترن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه ترینیتی وسترن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Trinity_Western" title="Université Trinity Western – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université Trinity Western" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Trinity_Western" title="Universitas Trinity Western – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Trinity Western" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Private Christian university in Langley and Richmond, Canada</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other schools with similar names, see <a href="/wiki/Trinity_University_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Trinity University (disambiguation)">Trinity University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Trinity College (disambiguation)">Trinity College</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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The reason given is: uses a decade old source for current data.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Trinity Western University.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png/220px-Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png/330px-Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png/440px-Trinity_Western_University_coat_of_arms.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Turris Fortis Deus Noster</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">A Mighty Fortress Is Our God</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1962<span class="noprint">; 62 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1962</span>)</span> Trinity Junior College (1962–1972), Trinity Western College (1972–1985), Trinity Western University (1986–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Religious affiliation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical Christian</a> - <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Free_Church_of_Canada" title="Evangelical Free Church of Canada">Evangelical Free Church of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Universities_and_Colleges_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada">AUCC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Theological_Schools_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada">ATS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_University_Press" title="Canadian University Press">CUP</a>, CHEC, <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Christian_Colleges_and_Universities" title="Council for Christian Colleges and Universities">CCCU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Society of Canada">RSC</a>, BCEQA.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CAD $</a>22.4 million (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Todd Martin (interim)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Todd Martin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">5,000<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,000<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="extended-address">3 campuses (<a href="/wiki/Langley,_British_Columbia_(district_municipality)" title="Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)">Langley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_British_Columbia" title="Richmond, British Columbia">Richmond</a>, British Columbia, and <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, Ontario)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Suburban/Rural 157 acres (64 ha)<</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Gold & blue</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_Spartans" title="Trinity Western Spartans">Spartans</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">U Sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada_West_Universities_Athletic_Association" title="Canada West Universities Athletic Association">CWUAA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.twu.ca/">www<wbr />.twu<wbr />.ca</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Twu-blue.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Twu-blue.png/220px-Twu-blue.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Twu-blue.png/330px-Twu-blue.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Twu-blue.png/440px-Twu-blue.png 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="211" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Trinity Western University</b> (TWU) is a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> Christian <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> university with campuses in both <a href="/wiki/Langley,_British_Columbia_(district_municipality)" title="Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)">Langley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_British_Columbia" title="Richmond, British Columbia">Richmond</a>, British Columbia. The school is a member of <a href="/wiki/Universities_Canada" title="Universities Canada">Universities Canada</a>. </p><p>TWU was established in 1962 and enrols approximately 5,000 students<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a suburban-rural 157-acre (64 ha) <a href="/wiki/Campus" title="Campus">campus</a> in Langley. Trinity Western is Canada's largest privately funded Christian university with a broad-based liberal arts, <a href="/wiki/Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences">sciences</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Professional_studies" title="Professional studies">professional studies</a> curriculum, offering 45 <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate" class="mw-redirect" title="Undergraduate">undergraduate</a> <a href="/wiki/Academic_major" title="Academic major">majors</a> and 17 <a href="/wiki/Graduate_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate school">graduate and post-graduate</a> programs.<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the classroom, TWU has 16:1 student-faculty ratio, average first-year class size of 37, and overall average class size of 15.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trinity Western is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Society of Canada">Royal Society of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its varsity teams, known as the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_Spartans" title="Trinity Western Spartans">Spartans</a>, are members of <a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">U Sports</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Universities_Canada" title="Universities Canada">Universities Canada</a>, the non-profit national organization that represents Canadian universities and colleges, TWU's domestic tuition is the most expensive of any university in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western University traces its history back to 1957, when a committee was established by the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Free_Church_of_America" title="Evangelical Free Church of America">Evangelical Free Church of America</a> to study and consider the feasibility of a liberal arts college on North America's <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Coast</a>. The committee decided on a location between <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> in rural British Columbia, in what is now the <a href="/wiki/Township_of_Langley" class="mw-redirect" title="Township of Langley">Township of Langley</a>. Trinity Junior College began as a two-year college in 1962, and its name was changed to Trinity Western College 10 years later, following a significant period of growth in enrolment and program options. After 20 years as a transfer college, Trinity Western began awarding <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">baccalaureate</a> degrees in 1980. In 1985 the British Columbia Provincial Government legislated the institution to its current position as a privately funded Christian university and it became known as Trinity Western University.<sup id="cite_ref-history0708_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history0708-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the fourth-oldest university in the province of British Columbia after <a href="/wiki/UBC" class="mw-redirect" title="UBC">the University of British Columbia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Victoria" title="University of Victoria">University of Victoria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emily_Carr_University_of_Art_and_Design" title="Emily Carr University of Art and Design">Emily Carr University of Art and Design</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Insignia_and_symbols">Insignia and symbols</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Insignia and symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western's motto is <i>Turris Fortis Deus Noster.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> The Latin motto is translated as "A Mighty Fortress is Our God". The inspiration for the motto came from a famous hymn of the same name written by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>. </p><p>The university's <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> was granted by the Royal College of Arms, and was presented to then-university president R. Neil Snider in 1986 by the Lieutenant Governor of B.C. on behalf of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A torch symbol is also used prevalently at the university, as the coat of arms is reserved to authenticate the highest official University academic and legal documents. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Spartiate" title="Spartiate">Spartans</a> is the nickname of the varsity teams that compete for Trinity Western University. The name, which comes from the Ancient Greek civilization of Sparta, originated when the university's first intercollegiate team the men's basketball team, began competing in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_programs">Academic programs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Academic programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western University is an independent, privately supported institution, offering a liberal arts education. Since its founding in 1962, it has identified as a Christian institution, although it has always been governed independently from any church or religious organization. It is currently administered by a 14-member Board of Governors, to which the President reports.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sociologist Dr. Todd Martin is the interim president effective July 1, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Undergraduates fulfill general education requirements, choose among a wide variety of elective courses, and pursue departmental concentrations and interdisciplinary certificate programs. Students usually take classes through the university's semester system, with three semesters taking place each year. The fall semester lasts from September to December, and the spring semester from January to April. For students wishing to take classes over summer, the university offers several courses on campus as well as travel studies through its summer semester programming, which runs from May to August. </p><p>Graduate students take courses through the Faculty of Graduate Studies and <a href="/wiki/Associated_Canadian_Theological_Schools" title="Associated Canadian Theological Schools">ACTS Seminaries</a>. Master's degree programs are available in the <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">nursing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>. </p><p>The university hosts a number of research institutes and centres, including the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_University_Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Institute" title="Trinity Western University Dead Sea Scrolls Institute">Dead Sea Scrolls Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gender_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender Studies">Gender Studies</a> Institute, Religion, Culture and Conflict Research Group, <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> Institute, Centre for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Centre for Spiritual Formation in Higher Education, <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Religion in Canada</a> Institute,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as, the Institute of Indigenous Issues and Perspectives.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Trinity Western's students are from all 10 <a href="/wiki/Provinces" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces">provinces</a>, 37 <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a>, and 33 foreign countries. The student body is 72% Canadian, 12% American, and 13% are from overseas.<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university employs a faculty of approximately 250 instructors and professors, enabling a student to faculty ratio of 11:1, and an average class size of 25.<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 85% of Trinity Western's professors have <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">doctorates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trinity Western University is <a href="/wiki/School_accreditation" class="mw-redirect" title="School accreditation">accredited</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Universities_and_Colleges_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada">Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada</a>, and is recognized by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Education">U.S. Department of Education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-acts_member_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acts_member-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trinity Western University is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Christian_Colleges_and_Universities" title="Council for Christian Colleges and Universities">Council for Christian Colleges and Universities</a>. Tuition for the 2014–15 academic year was $22,260 <a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CDN</a>, making tuition the most expensive of any Canadian university.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roughly 95% of Trinity Western's incoming and transfer students receive some financial aid in the form of scholarships or grants not including loans.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/International_students" class="mw-redirect" title="International students">International students</a> pay the same fees as Canadian students. </p><p>Trinity Western University is a member of the Royal Society of Canada, the senior national organization for the promotion of learning and research in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undergraduate">Undergraduate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Undergraduate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Undergraduate degrees awarded by Trinity Western University include the <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Fine_Arts" title="Bachelor of Fine Arts">Bachelor of Fine Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science_in_Nursing" title="Bachelor of Science in Nursing">Bachelor of Science in Nursing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Business_Administration" title="Bachelor of Business Administration">Bachelor of Business Administration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Education" title="Bachelor of Education">Bachelor of Education</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Human_Kinetics" title="Bachelor of Human Kinetics">Bachelor of Human Kinetics</a>. There is also a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Engineering#Canada" title="Bachelor of Engineering">Bachelor of Applied Science in Engineering</a> transfer program in collaboration with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>'s engineering department.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Honors_course" class="mw-redirect" title="Honors course">Honours</a> programs are available in a number of majors. </p><p>Undergraduate courses in the humanities are traditionally either seminars or lectures held one- or two-times a week with an additional conversation-based seminar called a "discussion group". To graduate, all students must complete a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> <a href="/wiki/Core_curriculum#Core_curriculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Core curriculum">core curriculum</a> known as the "University Core", comprising 18 classes of various subjects. Students have a high degree of latitude in creating a self-structured Core, which allows students to study subjects of interest outside their chosen major. Most of the Core classes at Trinity Western are led by a full-time professor (as opposed to a teaching assistant).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Within the 18 classes, students complete a two-semester English language requirement, along with courses from the <a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">fine arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural sciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">sociology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">religious studies</a> departments, two courses of <a href="/wiki/Interdisciplinarity" title="Interdisciplinarity">interdisciplinary studies</a>, and up to three <a href="/wiki/Physical_education" title="Physical education">physical education</a> courses. </p><p>In addition to the Core, students are required to complete an <a href="/wiki/Academic_major" title="Academic major">academic major</a>. Trinity Western University grants <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degrees" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor's degrees">bachelor's degrees</a> in 45 academic majors, and 56 minors, concentrations, or certificates, with over 1,200 courses from which to choose.<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students may choose courses from any of the university's faculties or schools: </p> <ul><li>Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</li> <li>Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences</li> <li>School of the Arts, Media + Culture</li> <li>School of Business</li> <li>School of Human Kinetics</li> <li>School of Education</li> <li>School of Nursing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Pacific_College" title="Catholic Pacific College">Catholic Pacific College</a>, Trinity Western's constituent <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> college</li></ul> <p>Whereas most courses are offered on Trinity Western's main campus in Langley, students may study in <a href="/wiki/Bellingham,_Washington" title="Bellingham, Washington">Bellingham, Washington</a>; Richmond, British Columbia; or online. Furthermore, many take part in travel studies and exchange programs at partner institutions or universities across the globe. Students are also free to design their own courses with the support of a <a href="/wiki/Faculty_(academic_staff)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty (academic staff)">faculty</a> member or member of the administration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graduate">Graduate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Graduate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western offers 12 programs of graduate studies through its Faculty of Graduate Studies, either in the Langley or Richmond campus: </p> <ul><li>Master of Arts in Biblical Studies</li> <li>Master of Business Administration</li> <li>Master of Science in Nursing</li> <li>Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology</li> <li>Master of Arts in Educational Leadership</li> <li>Master of Arts Linguistics</li> <li>Master of Arts Educational Studies - Special Education</li> <li>Master of Arts Interdisciplinary Humanities</li> <li>Master of Arts in Leadership</li> <li>Master of Arts in Leadership - Business Stream in Mandarin</li> <li>Master of Arts TESOL</li></ul> <p>While the MBA program offers specializations in International Business and Managing a Growing Enterprises, it is also one of only two MBA programs in Canada to offer a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit organization">non-profit</a> specialization.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The MA Counselling Psychology Program is currently one of only six programs in Canada that is fully accredited by CACEP, a division of the CCPA.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Trinity Western also hosts ACTS Seminaries, a group of seminaries founded when several Christian denominations partnered to establish an institution that would train men and women in the study of <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a> and for positions as <a href="/wiki/Minister_(Christianity)" title="Minister (Christianity)">ministers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following Masters programs are offered through ACTS Seminaries: </p> <ul><li>Master of Theological Studies</li> <li>Master of Divinity</li> <li>Master of Theology</li> <li>Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Therapy</li> <li>Master of Arts in Christian Studies</li> <li>Master of Arts in Linguistics and Translation</li> <li>Doctor of Ministry</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cancelled_Faculty_of_Law">Cancelled Faculty of Law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cancelled Faculty of Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2012, the university submitted a proposal to offer a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> program.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposal was put forth to the provincial Ministry of Advanced Education and the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Law_Societies_of_Canada" title="Federation of Law Societies of Canada">Federation of Law Societies of Canada</a>, and was approved in December 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 12, 2014, due to <a href="#Faculty_of_Law_accreditation_lawsuits">the ongoing lawsuits</a> surrounding law societies voting to not automatically accredit TWU law students upon graduation, B.C. Advanced Education Minister <a href="/wiki/Amrik_Virk" title="Amrik Virk">Amrik Virk</a> revoked the province's approval of the proposed law school at Trinity Western University.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his letter to the school's administration, he expressed the importance of the legal process and encouraged TWU to re-apply once the court cases have been settled. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_Life">Student Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Student Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, Trinity Western received an A level rating in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s "Overall Student Satisfaction" category and an A+ rating for its "Sense of Community on Campus".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campus housing is provided to students in all years of study, and all students in their first and second year are required to live on campus in residential halls unless living with family. Third and fourth year students have the option of living off-campus. Trinity Western offers its students nearly 100 organizations, teams, and sports.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university was founded by a committee commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Free_Church_of_America" title="Evangelical Free Church of America">Evangelical Free Church of America</a>, a denomination in the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Pietistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Radical Pietistic">Radical Pietistic</a> tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-Shantz2013_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shantz2013-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to establish a Christian liberal arts college. Accordingly, the committee's mission has shaped the campus and the university. Trinity Western University has maintained extremely close ties with the broader <a href="/wiki/Christian_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian church">Christian church</a>, and historically has had close relationships with the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</a> denominations, as well as with the <a href="/wiki/Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a> tradition recently. This has also resulted in the university having a significant American influence when compared with other Canadian universities.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than one out of every six students is American.<sup id="cite_ref-fastfacts_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fastfacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university previously mandated that all students abide by a code of conduct called the Community Covenant,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was described as "a solemn pledge in which members place themselves under obligations on the part of the institution to its members, the members to the institution, and the members to one another." As of August 2018, students are no longer required to sign the covenant. </p><p>The covenant bans sexual relationships outside of a marriage between a woman and a man, as well as behaviour such as hazing, verbal and physical harassment, dishonesty including plagiarism, theft or destruction of another's property, the use of illegal drugs, consuming alcohol on campus, or consuming <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-community_covenant_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-community_covenant-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2015 ruling in the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Superior_Court_of_Justice" title="Ontario Superior Court of Justice">Ontario Superior Court of Justice</a> held that "discrimination inherent in the Community Covenant extends not only to [<a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a>] persons, but also to women generally; to those persons of any gender who might prefer, for their own purposes, to live in a common law relationship rather than engage in the institution of marriage; and to those persons who have other religious beliefs... Despite some efforts by TWU to contend that the Community Covenant does not operate in a discriminatory fashion, it is self-evident that it does." The court ruling noted that "failure to adhere to the conduct imposed by the Community Covenant, carries with it serious consequences."<sup id="cite_ref-2015onsc_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015onsc-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The covenant mandated "at a minimum, suspension" for "sexual intimacy involving persons of the same sex."<sup id="cite_ref-2015onsc_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015onsc-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school's board of governors voted on August 9, 2018, to make the Community Covenant optional for current and incoming students, effective at the beginning of the 2018–19 school year.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc_cc_optional_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc_cc_optional-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TWU's president at the time, Robert Kuhn (2014–19), said in a statement that the change was so that the university could be "inclusive of all students wishing to learn from a Christian viewpoint and underlying philosophy."<sup id="cite_ref-starmetro_cc_optional_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-starmetro_cc_optional-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Professors of the university sign a statement of faith annually.<sup id="cite_ref-macleans_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macleans-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This policy has caused some controversy within academic circles, and was most recently covered in <i><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-macleans_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macleans-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As in line with the students, a mixture of Christian traditions are represented. <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Hebrew</a> professors are also on staff.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p> Approximately 80% of undergraduates enrolled self-identify as Christian. There are many Christian clubs, organizations, and ministries on campus. There is no compulsory participation in any religious liturgies. Students and clubs of other religious denominations are welcomed and supported. Nearly every resident hall has a <a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">Chaplain</a> in residence. In the morning on every weekday there is <a href="/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">Chapel</a>, at which attendance is voluntary, and <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">communion</a> is offered on one Friday each month. Within the university Core, students are required four terms of Religious Studies. One term is allotted to a Survey of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, and one to a Survey of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>. Another term must be a class in Religious and Cultural studies.</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NWB-_Business.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NWB-_Business.jpg/250px-NWB-_Business.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NWB-_Business.jpg/375px-NWB-_Business.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/NWB-_Business.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption>DeVries Centre</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Pacific_College" title="Catholic Pacific College">Catholic Pacific College</a>, formerly Redeemer Pacific College, is the university's constituent Catholic college. CPC's Glover Road Campus is adjacent to TWU.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CPC is administered separately of the university, offers classes in Catholic studies and a liberal arts curriculum is taught by a Catholic faculty.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mass is also offered four times weekly.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_groups">Student groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Student groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western's nearly 100 student organizations and clubs cover a wide range of interests. In 2011, the university hosted 11 academic groups, four cultural groups, five "issue-oriented" groups, eight performing groups, six pre-professional groups, three publications, and 13 recreational groups.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">Greek life</a> is not sponsored by the university. </p><p>Each year, the Foreign Affairs Society hosts a <a href="/wiki/Model_United_Nations" title="Model United Nations">Model United Nations</a> conference for high school students. The <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_University_Students_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Western University Students Association">Trinity Western University Students Association</a> is the elected government of the student body, and works as an aid and mediator between individual students and university administration, in addition to sponsoring several events throughout the academic year.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the university's chamber choirs are often invited to guest perform with the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Vancouver Symphony Orchestra">Vancouver Symphony Orchestra</a>, performances which have been broadcast on a number of occasions on <a href="/wiki/CBC_Radio" title="CBC Radio">CBC Radio</a>; as well, Trinity Western's choirs have performed frequently with the <a href="/wiki/CBC_Radio_Orchestra" title="CBC Radio Orchestra">CBC Radio Orchestra</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Chamber_Choir" title="Vancouver Chamber Choir">Vancouver Chamber Choir</a>, and at venues including <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a> and frequent performances at the <a href="/wiki/Orpheum,_Vancouver" class="mw-redirect" title="Orpheum, Vancouver">Orpheum, Vancouver</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chan_Shun_Concert_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Chan Shun Concert Hall">Chan Shun Concert Hall</a>. </p><p>The university hosts three student publications. <i><a href="/wiki/Mars%27_Hill" title="Mars' Hill">Mars' Hill</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Student_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Student newspaper">student newspaper</a>, is one of the most decorated student newspapers in North America in recent years. <i>Mars' Hill</i> has won the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Collegiate_Press" title="Associated Collegiate Press">Associated Collegiate Press</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Pacemaker_Awards" title="National Pacemaker Awards">National Pacemaker Award</a>, considered the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> of student journalism, for best non-daily newspaper in 2008<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also a finalist in 2006 and 2009. It is a member of the U.S.'s <a href="/wiki/Associated_Collegiate_Press" title="Associated Collegiate Press">Associated Collegiate Press</a> and Canada's <a href="/wiki/Canadian_University_Press" title="Canadian University Press">Canadian University Press</a>. <i>[ s p a c e s ]</i>, an annual literary journal, is edited and published by students each year, as well as <i>Pillar</i>, the university's <a href="/wiki/Yearbook" title="Yearbook">yearbook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletics">Athletics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Athletics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_Spartans" title="Trinity Western Spartans">Trinity Western Spartans</a></div> <p>Since its founding in 1962 Trinity Western has provided athletics for both women and men. Today, the university supports athletics at the varsity, club, and intramural levels. Its colours are gold and blue. </p><p>The university sponsors 11 men's and women's varsity sports.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teams compete in <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Interuniversity_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Interuniversity Sport">Canadian Interuniversity Sport</a>, the top university athletics league in Canada, with teams competing in the <a href="/wiki/Canada_West_Universities_Athletic_Association" title="Canada West Universities Athletic Association">Canada West Universities Athletic Association</a> at the regional level.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Varsity teams competing in U Sports include men's and women's <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">soccer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Track_and_field" title="Track and field">track and field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cross_country_running" title="Cross country running">cross country</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby</a>. The basketball, volleyball, and hockey teams play their home games and matches at the <a href="/wiki/Langley_Events_Centre" title="Langley Events Centre">Langley Events Centre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trinity Western teams have won nine U Sports national championships.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Programs">International Programs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: International Programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trinity Western's international programs offer students the ability to study all over the world for part of the summer, a semester, or a full year.<sup id="cite_ref-undergrad_travel-studies_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undergrad_travel-studies-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The School of Kinesiology has sponsored summer travel studies programs at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Olympics">2008</a> and <a href="/wiki/2012_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Olympics">2012 Olympic Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> and in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, respectively. The School of Art, Media + Culture sponsors a summer program in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and London, and the School of Business sponsors a summer program in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-undergrad_travel-studies_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undergrad_travel-studies-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various other summer programs are offered, such as <a href="/wiki/Coral_biology" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral biology">coral reef biology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biblical_studies" title="Biblical studies">Biblical studies</a> in Israel and the West Bank and <a href="/wiki/Johannine_literature" title="Johannine literature">Johannine literature</a> in Turkey. </p><p>Additionally, in conjunction with the CCCU, the university offers 12 semester-long programs through the CCCU's BestSemester initiative. Sponsored programs include <a href="/wiki/African_studies" title="African studies">African studies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">filmmaking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Film_studies" title="Film studies">film studies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, India studies in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_studies" title="Latin American studies">Latin American studies</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose, Costa Rica">San Jose, Costa Rica</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_studies" title="American studies">American studies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trinity Western's research and exchange <a href="/wiki/Partnership" title="Partnership">partnership</a> with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> enables qualifying students to study as a visiting student at Oxford for either a semester or a year.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Exchange programs at Spain's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> and China's <a href="/wiki/Xiamen_University" title="Xiamen University">Xiamen University</a> are also available to students.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students may also make their own arrangements with the help of a faculty member to study at other universities in Canada or abroad as visiting students. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Laurentian_Leadership_Centre">Laurentian Leadership Centre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Laurentian Leadership Centre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Trinity_Western_University" title="Special:EditPage/Trinity Western University">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Laurentian Leadership Centre certificate program housed in Ottawa's <a href="/wiki/Booth_House_(Ottawa)" title="Booth House (Ottawa)">Booth House</a>, a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Site_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="National Historic Site of Canada">National Historic Site of Canada</a>, offers the opportunity for third- and fourth-year students to complete a fully credited semester of study while interning at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament</a>, or a political group, business, media firm, or <a href="/wiki/NGO" class="mw-redirect" title="NGO">NGO</a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_capital" class="mw-redirect" title="National capital">national capital</a>. Internship placements regularly include the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Prime_Minister_(Canada)" title="Office of the Prime Minister (Canada)">Prime Minister's Office</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Canada)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance_Canada" title="Department of Finance Canada">Ministry of Finance</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="New Democratic Party of Canada">New Democratic</a> parties; as well as, the Canadian Council of Chief Executives; <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Canada" title="Royal Bank of Canada">Royal Bank</a>'s <a href="/wiki/RBC_Capital_Markets" title="RBC Capital Markets">Capital Markets division</a>; <a href="/wiki/Canadian_International_Development_Agency" title="Canadian International Development Agency">CIDA</a>; <a href="/wiki/World_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="World Vision">World Vision</a>; and <a href="/wiki/CPAC_(TV_channel)" title="CPAC (TV channel)">CPAC</a>. The program is also available to visiting students of other universities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OMADA_Teambuilding">OMADA Teambuilding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: OMADA Teambuilding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>OMADA Teambuilding is a leadership and team building program housed in the School of Human Kinetics. The program uses <a href="/wiki/Experiential_education" title="Experiential education">experiential education</a> and hands on learning for both TWU students and outside organizations. Started at the university in 1998, the Challenge Course was renamed OMADA Teambuilding in 2009 to better represent the diversity of the programs that were being offered.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main campus is located in the rural <a href="/wiki/Township_of_Langley" class="mw-redirect" title="Township of Langley">Township of Langley</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, occupying 157 acres (0.64 km<sup>2</sup>) on the edge of historic <a href="/wiki/Fort_Langley" title="Fort Langley">Fort Langley</a>. Fort Langley, a former fur-trade post of the <a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_Company" title="Hudson's Bay Company">Hudson's Bay Company</a>, was selected by <a href="/wiki/James_Douglas_(governor)" title="James Douglas (governor)">Governor Sir James Douglas</a> as the provisional capital of the newly established <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1858-1866)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of British Columbia (1858-1866)">Colony of British Columbia</a> in 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a residence hall on campus named in honour of Douglas. The campus is situated about 45 minutes southeast from <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> and about 2 hours north from <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>. </p><p>Campus buildings vary in age and style from Hanson Chapel, completed in 1962 (the first building completed on campus), to the Robert G. Kuhn Centre, completed in 2022. Today the campus consists of 36 buildings and residence halls that house the university's various departments and students.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lake_TWU.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/Lake_TWU.jpg/250px-Lake_TWU.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/Lake_TWU.jpg/375px-Lake_TWU.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/Lake_TWU.jpg/500px-Lake_TWU.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>McMillan Lake</figcaption></figure> <p>The architecture on campus is inspired by British Columbia, Rural B.C., and the Pacific Northwest. Modern red brick covers Alloway Library, Larsen Atrium, and Stanley Nelson Student Centre at the main part of campus. Other significant buildings on campus include Robert N. Thompson Building which houses the Political Science, History, English, and Geography departments. The newly built and yet to be named Music Building is home to the School of Art, Media + Culture. The Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences are housed in the Neufeld Science Centre, which experienced a major renovation in 2011, and the Vernon Stromback Centre at the east end of campus. In total there are 33 buildings on the university campus.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During President Raymond's tenure, the university built the Music Building in 2010, and in 2011 Fraser Hall and the Neufeld Science Centre received major renovations in 2011.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2012 the Vernon Strombeck Centre received a significant interior and exterior renovation, and in 2013 the prominent Robert N. Thompson building was re-modeled...<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2017, Trinity Western opened the first new dormitory in twenty-five years, as a result of rising enrolment.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cafeteria meals are now served in an all-you-care-to-eat style, and three smaller venues around campus offer additional food services.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_facilities">Academic facilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Academic facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Norma Marion Alloway Library is the main library for undergraduate students, holding a circulation of over 300,000 books, 12,000 periodical subscriptions, and computer access to thousands more titles. The university archives house several special collections: the <a href="/wiki/Melvin_H._Smith,_Q.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Melvin H. Smith, Q.C.">Mel Smith Archives</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Robert_N._Thompson" title="Robert N. Thompson">Robert N. Thompson Archives</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Wicks" title="Lyle Wicks">Lyle Wicks Papers</a>, which chronicle Canada's political history through the works and personal documents of these three political figures. The library also has a Korean collection. </p><p>The Faculty of Graduate Studies and seminaries each maintain their own individual libraries. </p><p>Wireless internet is available across campus. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CanIL_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/CanIL_building.jpg/220px-CanIL_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/CanIL_building.jpg/330px-CanIL_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/CanIL_building.jpg/440px-CanIL_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The Canada Institute of Linguistics</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletic_facilities">Athletic facilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Athletic facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rogers Field is located on the northeast edge of campus, and is the home pitch to the women's and men's varsity soccer teams. In 2008 Rogers Field was the host venue as the Spartans women's soccer team won the CIS Championship. It also hosted the men's CIS Championship in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>David E. Enarson Gymnasium has been the university's indoor sports venue since it was built in 1969. In 2009, the newly built <a href="/wiki/Langley_Events_Centre" title="Langley Events Centre">Langley Events Centre</a> replaced Enarson as the home of Spartans basketball and volleyball, and replaced George Preston Arena as the home of Spartans hockey. The LEC was the host venue when the Spartans' men's volleyball team won the CIS Championship in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, Enarson Gymnasium houses the university's athletic offices and strength and conditioning room, hosts physical education classes and intramurals, and occasionally varsity sports events. It is also the new home court for the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Dragons" title="Vancouver Dragons">Vancouver Dragons</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor_League_Basketball_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minor League Basketball Association (page does not exist)">Minor League Basketball Association</a>. </p><p>Tennis courts, an indoor rock wall, and practice fields are also located on campus. Though the university does not sponsor rowing teams, there are rowing facilities on the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a>. The cross country and track and field teams train at the Township of Langley's McLeod Athletic Park, the host park of the B.C. high school championships and the 2010 <a href="/wiki/BC_Summer_Games" title="BC Summer Games">British Columbia Games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Redwoods and Belmont golf courses are both located minutes from campus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellite_campuses">Satellite campuses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Satellite campuses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Ottawa - Booth House</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Booth_House.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Booth_House.JPG/220px-Booth_House.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Booth_House.JPG/330px-Booth_House.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Booth_House.JPG/440px-Booth_House.JPG 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="822" /></a><figcaption>The Laurentian Leadership Centre, in Ottawa</figcaption></figure><p> The home of the Laurentian Leadership Centre in Ottawa is the <a href="/wiki/Booth_House_(Ottawa)" title="Booth House (Ottawa)">Booth House</a>, an historic mansion in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Ottawa" title="Downtown Ottawa">Downtown Ottawa</a> and a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Site_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="National Historic Site of Canada">National Historic Site of Canada</a>. Built in 1901 as the home of lumber and railway baron <a href="/wiki/John_Rudolphus_Booth" title="John Rudolphus Booth">John R. Booth</a>, Trinity Western purchased the building in 2000. Located on <a href="/wiki/Metcalfe_Street_(Ottawa)" title="Metcalfe Street (Ottawa)">Metcalfe Street</a> near <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Street_(Ottawa)" title="Somerset Street (Ottawa)">Somerset</a>, the campus is within minutes of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a> and many important governmental departments and embassies. </p><p>The <b>Laurentian Leadership Centre</b> program, an extension of Trinity Western University, offers third and fourth year students, and recent graduates, an opportunity to experience a fully credited semester of study as well as a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary">Parliamentary</a>, communications, business or NGO internship in Canada's national capital, Ottawa, Ontario. Although the program is open to students of any major, it is primarily designed for those who plan a career in political science, business, communications, history or international studies. The program is also open to visiting students from other universities. </p><p>The LLC is located a few blocks away from <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a>, Ottawa. The 20 students accepted to the program each semester take three academic courses in: Canadian Governmental Leadership, Ethics & Public Affairs, and Law & Public Policy. Courses are taught both by TWU professors as well as national and international leaders and guest speakers. </p><p>The internship program is the distinguishing feature of the Laurentian Leadership Centre.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LLC director places each student in an internship relevant to his or her academic or career interest. Internships fall into a number of categories: government, corporate, media, communications, and non-governmental. Previous internships have included: the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Prime_Minister_(Canada)" title="Office of the Prime Minister (Canada)">Prime Minister's Office</a> (which hosts one intern each semester), foreign embassies, offices of <a href="/wiki/Members_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of Parliament">Members of Parliament</a> and <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senators</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Canada)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitel" title="Mitel">Mitel</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="World Vision">World Vision</a>, <a href="/wiki/Make_Poverty_History" title="Make Poverty History">Make Poverty History</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Arts_Centre" title="National Arts Centre">National Arts Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/RBC_Capital_Markets" title="RBC Capital Markets">RBC Capital Markets</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Citizen" title="Ottawa Citizen">Ottawa Citizen</a> newspaper, and a variety of others.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often these internships lead to full-time employment. Currently, there are several LLC graduates with positions in the PMO as well as in multiple ministries, political parties across Canada, and businesses from finance to high tech. </p><p>While participating in the program, students reside in an historic mansion on Metcalfe Street, the famous Booth House, which is designated as a National Historic Site of Canada. </p><p>The current director is Dr. Janet Epp Buckingham.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Bellingham</dt></dl> <p>Located very close to the Canadian-U.S. border on the U.S. side, Trinity Western's <a href="/wiki/Bellingham,_Washington" title="Bellingham, Washington">Bellingham</a> campus provides adult degree completion Bachelor of Arts programs in leadership, psychology and the <a href="/wiki/Social_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Social sciences">social sciences</a>. Students meet one night per week and one Saturday per course. Upon completion of each six-week course in succession, students may work to finish their bachelor's degree in as few as 18 months, depending upon the number of credits transferred. TWU Bellingham personalizes evaluation of students' past education and life experiences to recognize the skills and knowledge applied to degree requirements. Classes engage dynamic discussions, are learner-centred and success focused. </p><p>Trinity Western's Bellingham campus also hosts the unique Freshman FASTTrack program, a one-year program of liberal arts core courses for new freshman. The program is designed to aid the transition from high school to university, transferring into the four-year college or university of their choice. Subjects are integrated to maximize interdisciplinary learning. Using the cohort model, small classes involve dynamic discussions and are supported with learning coaches. This concentrated immersion style of learning results in students completing a full 31 semester college credits attending morning classes, leaving their afternoons and evenings free to work or study. </p> <dl><dt>Richmond</dt></dl> <p>In his 2008 state of the university address, President Jonathan Raymond announced the grant of a rent-free 40,000-square-foot (3,700 m<sup>2</sup>) space to be used toward university education in Richmond, British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-twudude_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twudude-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opened in 2012, the university's Richmond campus near Vancouver is the home of TWU-Extension, Trinity Western's effort to help adults past the usual age of university complete their bachelor's degrees. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies_and_Court_Cases">Controversies and Court Cases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Controversies and Court Cases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2016 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Province" title="The Province">The Province</a></i> reported on the school's acceptance or lack thereof of <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a> students. According to the story, gay students were subjected to a culture of shame.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teaching_certification_program_accreditation_lawsuit">Teaching certification program accreditation lawsuit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Teaching certification program accreditation lawsuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Trinity_Western_University" title="Special:EditPage/Trinity Western University">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_University_v._British_Columbia_College_of_Teachers" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Western University v. British Columbia College of Teachers">Trinity Western University v. British Columbia College of Teachers</a></div> <p>In 1995, Trinity Western launched a teaching certification program, but the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_College_of_Teachers" title="British Columbia College of Teachers">British Columbia College of Teachers</a> denied accreditation of the university's program, arguing that the "Responsibilities of Membership" agreement students must sign (replaced in 2009 with the Community Covenant) is discriminatory and that those graduating from Trinity Western's program will discriminate against <a href="/wiki/Gay" title="Gay">gay</a> students.<sup id="cite_ref-lexum_2001_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexum_2001-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lower courts in British Columbia and, later, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a>, ruled in favour of Trinity Western University, stating that there was no basis for the BCCT's decision, and, moreover, that "the concern that graduates of TWU will act in a detrimental fashion in the classroom is not supported by any evidence".<sup id="cite_ref-lexum_2001_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexum_2001-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The final analysis of the case, as reported by the Factum of the Intervener, the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Civil_Liberties_Association" title="British Columbia Civil Liberties Association">B.C. Civil Liberties Association</a>, was that "In the circumstances of this case the Council of the B.C. College of Teachers failed to conduct such an enquiry and erroneously concluded that equality of rights on the basis of sexual orientation trump freedom of religion and association. They do not." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculty_of_Law_accreditation_lawsuits">Faculty of Law accreditation lawsuits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Faculty of Law accreditation lawsuits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Automatic accreditation of graduates from TWU's proposed faculty of law were approved by most of the provincial law societies across Canada in 2014, except the Law Society of Upper Canada (now the <a href="/wiki/Law_Society_of_Ontario" title="Law Society of Ontario">Law Society of Ontario</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Barristers%27_Society" title="Nova Scotia Barristers' Society">Nova Scotia Barristers' Society</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Law_Society_of_British_Columbia_Accreditation_Reversal">Law Society of British Columbia Accreditation Reversal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Law Society of British Columbia Accreditation Reversal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 11, 2014, 3,210 of the <a href="/wiki/Law_Society_of_British_Columbia" title="Law Society of British Columbia">Law Society of British Columbia</a>'s 13,000 members voted in support of a resolution to reverse its decision to grant the faculty accreditation and requested that the province revoke its accreditation of the law program because of the view that it discriminates against unmarried couples and homosexual individuals. 968 members voted against with 8,822 not registering a vote.<sup id="cite_ref-CBC_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBC-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 26, 2014, the governing members of the Law Society decided to hold a binding referendum of their membership to determine whether to revoke Trinity Western's accreditation.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just over 8,000 BC lawyers voted in the referendum, with 74% voting in favour of a resolution declaring that the proposed law school at TWU would not be an approved Faculty of Law for the Law Society's admission program. Voter turnout was just under 60%.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nova_Scotia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Nova_Scotia_Barristers'_Society"><span id="Nova_Scotia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Nova_Scotia_Barristers.27_Society"></span>Nova Scotia: <i>Trinity Western University v Nova Scotia Barristers' Society</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Nova Scotia: Trinity Western University v Nova Scotia Barristers' Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The case was brought before the <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Supreme_Court" title="Nova Scotia Supreme Court">Nova Scotia Supreme Court</a> from December 16–19, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-courts.ns.ca_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-courts.ns.ca-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trinity Western argued that denying automatic accreditation to TWU law graduates is an infringement on the students' right to freedom of religion. </p><p>The Court ruled in favour of TWU on January 28, 2015, accepting the argument that, as a private religious university, the school had the right to uphold its own code of conduct "even if the effect of that code is to exclude... or offend others" and attempting to force TWU to change its community covenant was an infringement on religious freedom. The ruling further noted that the <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Barristers%27_Society" title="Nova Scotia Barristers' Society">Nova Scotia Barristers' Society</a> already requires all lawyers to follow its Code of Professional Conduct, which forbids all discrimination,<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so the Community Covenant would not affect TWU graduates in their practice of law.<sup id="cite_ref-courts.ns.ca_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-courts.ns.ca-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NSBS appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Court_of_Appeal" title="Nova Scotia Court of Appeal">Nova Scotia Court of Appeal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Court of Appeal heard the appeal in April 2016, and upheld the Nova Scotia Supreme Court's ruling on July 26, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-twu_v_nsbs_appeal_dec_-_CBC_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twu_v_nsbs_appeal_dec_-_CBC-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ontario:_Trinity_Western_University_v_The_Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada">Ontario: <i>Trinity Western University v The Law Society of Upper Canada</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Ontario: Trinity Western University v The Law Society of Upper Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The case was brought before the Divisional Court of the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Superior_Court_of_Justice" title="Ontario Superior Court of Justice">Ontario Superior Court of Justice</a> from June 1–4, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-oscj-decision_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oscj-decision-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trinity Western argued that their proposed law school's graduates should not be refused automatic accreditation in Ontario by the Law Society of Upper Canada based on the Community Covenant Agreement, claiming that the decision would violate TWU students' rights to freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and freedom of association. </p><p>The Court ruled in favour of the LSUC on July 2, 2015, stating that its refusal to automatically accredit TWU graduates was a reasonable balancing of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Charter rights</a> to equality and freedom of religion, and that the refusal of automatic accreditation was not a violation of TWU students' rights to freedom of expression or freedom of association.<sup id="cite_ref-oscj-decision_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oscj-decision-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ruling further noted that TWU graduates are free to apply independently to the LSUC for accreditation following their graduation.<sup id="cite_ref-ts-lsuc_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ts-lsuc-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TWU filed a motion to appeal with the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_for_Ontario" title="Court of Appeal for Ontario">Court of Appeal for Ontario</a> in September 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Court of Appeal upheld the ruling in favour of LSUC on June 29, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="British_Columbia:_Trinity_Western_University_v_Law_Society_of_British_Columbia">British Columbia: <i>Trinity Western University v Law Society of British Columbia</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: British Columbia: Trinity Western University v Law Society of British Columbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The case was brought before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_British_Columbia" title="Supreme Court of British Columbia">Supreme Court of British Columbia</a> from August 24–26, 2015. The <a href="/wiki/Law_Society_of_British_Columbia" title="Law Society of British Columbia">Law Society of British Columbia</a> had argued that TWU forcing students to sign the "Community Covenant" creates an unwelcome atmosphere for LGBTQ students and, given the high levels of competition for law school seats in Canada, would effectively create a two-tier system in which LGBTQ individuals would not have equal access to limited law school spaces.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Court ruled in favour of TWU on December 10, 2015, overturning the LSBC's decision against accrediting the TWU law school and stating the LSBC did not "attempt to resolve the collision of the competing <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Charter</a> interests [of equality before the law and freedom of religion]."<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The LSBC filed an appeal of the decision with the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Court_of_Appeal" title="British Columbia Court of Appeal">British Columbia Court of Appeal</a> on January 5, 2016,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was heard June 1–3, 2016. On November 1, 2016, the Court of Appeal upheld the previous decision, stating that LSBC's refusal of accreditation was unreasonable.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Supreme_Court_of_Canada_Decisions">Supreme Court of Canada Decisions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Supreme Court of Canada Decisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both the Ontario and B.C. rulings were appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a>, the cases appeared on November 30 and December 1, 2017, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 15, 2018, the Supreme Court, across four sets of reasons, ruled in favour of the law societies in 7-2 for both <i>Trinity Western University v Law Society of Upper Canada</i> and <i>Law Society of British Columbia v Trinity Western University</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The majority decisions said that TWU's Community Covenant would deter LGBT students from attending the proposed law school and that equal access to legal education, diversity in the legal profession and preventing harm to LGBT students was in the public interest.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni_and_faculty">Notable alumni and faculty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notable alumni and faculty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Trinity_Western_University_people" title="List of Trinity Western University people">List of Trinity Western University people</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324190133/http://www.bceqa.ca/designated-schools/eqa-registry/name/trinity%20western%20university/filter/all/limit/25">"Retrieved August 16, 2011"</a>. 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CBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trinity+Western+loses+fight+for+Christian+law+school&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Ftrinity-western-supreme-court-decision-1.4707240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrinity+Western+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Western_University&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CCCU" title="Template:CCCU"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CCCU" title="Template talk:CCCU"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CCCU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CCCU"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Council_for_Christian_Colleges_and_Universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Council_for_Christian_Colleges_and_Universities#Members" title="Council for Christian Colleges and Universities"><span style="color:#ffffff">Members of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Governing Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_University" title="Ambrose University">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_University_(Indiana)" title="Anderson University (Indiana)">Anderson (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_University_(South_Carolina)" title="Anderson University (South Carolina)">Anderson (South Carolina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbury_University" title="Asbury University">Asbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azusa_Pacific_University" title="Azusa Pacific University">Azusa Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belhaven_University" title="Belhaven University">Belhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel_University_(Indiana)" title="Bethel University (Indiana)">Bethel (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel_University_(Minnesota)" title="Bethel University (Minnesota)">Bethel (Minnesota)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethany_Lutheran_College" title="Bethany Lutheran College">Bethany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biola_University" title="Biola University">Biola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluefield_University" title="Bluefield University">Bluefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushnell_University" title="Bushnell University">Bushnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Baptist_University" title="California Baptist University">California Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_University" title="Calvin University">Calvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbellsville_University" title="Campbellsville University">Campbellsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Baptist_College" title="Central Baptist College">Central Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Christian_College_of_Kansas" title="Central Christian College of Kansas">Central Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_Southern_University" title="Charleston Southern University">Charleston Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Christian_University" title="Colorado Christian University">Colorado Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Ann_Arbor" title="Concordia University Ann Arbor">Concordia-Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Chicago" title="Concordia University Chicago">Concordia–Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Irvine" title="Concordia University Irvine">Concordia–Irvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Nebraska" title="Concordia University Nebraska">Concordia–Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_Wisconsin" title="Concordia University Wisconsin">Concordia-Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corban_University" title="Corban University">Corban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornerstone_University" title="Cornerstone University">Cornerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_College" title="Covenant College">Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_College_(Minnesota)" title="Crown College (Minnesota)">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dordt_University" title="Dordt University">Dordt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas_Baptist_University" title="East Texas Baptist University">East Texas Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Nazarene_College" title="Eastern Nazarene College">Eastern Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_University" title="Emmanuel University">Emmanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_College" title="Erskine College">Erskine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangel_University" title="Evangel University">Evangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_University" title="Faulkner University">Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_Pacific_University" title="Fresno Pacific University">Fresno Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_College" title="Geneva College">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fox_University" title="George Fox University">George Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Gordon College (Massachusetts)">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_College_%26_Seminary" title="Grace College & Seminary">Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville_University" title="Greenville University">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal%E2%80%93LaGrange_University" title="Hannibal–LaGrange University">Hannibal–LaGrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Hardin–Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harding_University" title="Harding University">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_International_University" title="Hope International University">Hope International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houghton_University" title="Houghton University">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Christian_University" title="Houston Christian University">Houston Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Payne_University" title="Howard Payne University">Howard Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_University_(United_States)" title="Huntington University (United States)">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Wesleyan_University" title="Indiana Wesleyan University">Indiana Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessup_University" title="Jessup University">Jessup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_University" title="John Brown University">John Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judson_University" title="Judson University">Judson (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Christian_University" title="Kentucky Christian University">Kentucky Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_University" title="King University">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_University" title="Lee University">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeTourneau_University" title="LeTourneau University">LeTourneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_University" title="Lipscomb University">Lipscomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malone_University" title="Malone University">Malone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messiah_University" title="Messiah University">Messiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-America_Christian_University" title="Mid-America Christian University">Mid-America Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MidAmerica_Nazarene_University" title="MidAmerica Nazarene University">MidAmerica Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milligan_University" title="Milligan University">Milligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_College" title="Mississippi College">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Baptist_University" title="Missouri Baptist University">Missouri Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreat_College" title="Montreat College">Montreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon_Nazarene_University" title="Mount Vernon Nazarene University">Mount Vernon Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multnomah_University" title="Multnomah University">Multnomah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_University" title="North Central University">North Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Park_University" title="North Park University">North Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Nazarene_University" title="Northwest Nazarene University">Northwest Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_University_(United_States)" title="Northwest University (United States)">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_College_(Iowa)" title="Northwestern College (Iowa)">Northwestern (Iowa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Baptist_University" title="Oklahoma Baptist University">Oklahoma Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Christian_University" title="Oklahoma Christian University">Oklahoma Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivet_Nazarene_University" title="Olivet Nazarene University">Olivet Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_Roberts_University" title="Oral Roberts University">Oral Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Baptist_University" title="Ouachita Baptist University">Ouachita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Beach_Atlantic_University" title="Palm Beach Atlantic University">Palm Beach Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_University" title="Point University">Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Loma_Nazarene_University" title="Point Loma Nazarene University">Point Loma Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemer_University_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Redeemer University College">Redeemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Wesleyan_University" title="Roberts Wesleyan University">Roberts Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Christian_College" title="San Diego Christian College">San Diego Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simpson_University" title="Simpson University">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_University_(Florida)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeastern University (Florida)">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Adventist_University" title="Southern Adventist University">Southern Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Nazarene_University" title="Southern Nazarene University">Southern Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Wesleyan_University" title="Southern Wesleyan University">Southern Wesleyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Baptist_University" title="Southwest Baptist University">Southwest Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Arbor_University" title="Spring Arbor University">Spring Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_College_(Kansas)" title="Sterling College (Kansas)">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabor_College_(Kansas)" title="Tabor College (Kansas)">Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_University" title="Taylor University">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toccoa_Falls_College" title="Toccoa Falls College">Toccoa Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevecca_Nazarene_University" title="Trevecca Nazarene University">Trevecca Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Christian_College" title="Trinity Christian College">Trinity Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_International_University" title="Trinity International University">Trinity International</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trinity Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mary_Hardin%E2%80%93Baylor" title="University of Mary Hardin–Baylor">Mary Hardin–Baylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northwestern_%E2%80%93_St._Paul" title="University of Northwestern – St. Paul">Northwestern – St. Paul (UNWSP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Southwest" title="University of the Southwest">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_University" title="Vanguard University">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walla_Walla_University" title="Walla Walla University">Walla Walla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_University" title="Warner University">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland_Baptist_University" title="Wayland Baptist University">Wayland Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmont_College" title="Westmont College">Westmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Lutheran_College" title="Wisconsin Lutheran College">Wisconsin Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_University_(Nebraska)" title="York University (Nebraska)">York (Nebraska)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Associate Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Christian_University" title="Arizona Christian University">Arizona Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbury_Theological_Seminary" title="Asbury Theological Seminary">Asbury Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briercrest_College_and_Seminary" title="Briercrest College and Seminary">Briercrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairn_University" title="Cairn University">Cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_International_University" title="Columbia International University">Columbia International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crandall_University" title="Crandall University">Crandall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Theological_Seminary" title="Dallas Theological Seminary">Dallas Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Seminary" title="Denver Seminary">Denver Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_Theological_Seminary" title="Fuller Theological Seminary">Fuller Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon-Conwell_Theological_Seminary" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary">Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_University" title="Johnson University">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuyper_College" title="Kuyper College">Kuyper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Pacific_University" title="Life Pacific University">Life Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Christian_University" title="Lincoln Christian University">Lincoln Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_College" title="Martin Luther College">Martin Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMaster_Divinity_College" title="McMaster Divinity College">McMaster Divinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Christian_University" title="Mid-Atlantic Christian University">Mid-Atlantic Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody_Bible_Institute" title="Moody Bible Institute">Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Christian_University" title="Ohio Christian University">Ohio Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Christian_College" title="Ozark Christian College">Ozark Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_College" title="Prairie College">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_University_College_and_Theological_Seminary" title="Providence University College and Theological Seminary">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Christian_University" title="Southwestern Christian University">Southwestern Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_College_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="The King's College (New York City)">King's (New York)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_University_(Texas)" title="The King's University (Texas)">King's (Texas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_University" title="Tyndale University">Tyndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Valley_Forge" title="University of Valley Forge">Valley Forge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_British_Columbia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_British_Columbia" title="Template:Universities in British Columbia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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title="University of British Columbia">British Columbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia_Okanagan" title="University of British Columbia Okanagan">Okanagan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capilano_University" title="Capilano University">Capilano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Carr_University_of_Art_and_Design" title="Emily Carr University of Art and Design">Emily Carr of Art and Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Fraser_Valley" title="University of the Fraser Valley">Fraser Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwantlen_Polytechnic_University" title="Kwantlen Polytechnic University">Kwantlen Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northern_British_Columbia" title="University of Northern British Columbia">Northern British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Roads_University" title="Royal Roads University">Royal Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_University" title="Simon Fraser University">Simon Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Rivers_University" title="Thompson Rivers University">Thompson Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University" title="Vancouver Island University">Vancouver Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Victoria" title="University of Victoria">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adler_University" title="Adler University">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Canada_West" title="University Canada West">Canada West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_University_of_Seattle" title="City University of Seattle">CityU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairleigh_Dickinson_University#Vancouver_Campus" title="Fairleigh Dickinson University">Fairleigh Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Institute_of_Technology#Canada" title="New York Institute of Technology">NYIT</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trinity Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Seminaries_and_theological_colleges_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia_Divinity_College" title="Acadia Divinity College">Acadia Divinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_University" title="Ambrose University">Ambrose University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_School_of_Theology" title="Atlantic School of Theology">Atlantic School of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booth_University_College" title="Booth University College">Booth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Christian_College" title="Canada Christian College">Canada Christian College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Reformed_Theological_Seminary" title="Canadian Reformed Theological Seminary">Canadian Reformed Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Baptist_Theological_Seminary_and_College" title="Canadian Baptist Theological Seminary and College">Canadian Baptist Theological Seminary and College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Yeshiva_%26_Rabbinical_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Yeshiva & Rabbinical School">Canadian Yeshiva and Rabbinical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Christian_Studies" title="Centre for Christian Studies">Centre for Christian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Lutheran_Seminary" title="Concordia Lutheran Seminary">Concordia Lutheran Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Lutheran_Theological_Seminary" title="Concordia Lutheran Theological Seminary">Concordia Lutheran Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Grebel_University_College" title="Conrad Grebel University College">Conrad Grebel University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_Bible_College_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Covenant Bible College Canada">Covenant Bible College Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_College,_Toronto" title="Emmanuel College, Toronto">Emmanuel College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FaithWay_Baptist_College_of_Canada" title="FaithWay Baptist College of Canada">FaithWay Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Baptist_College_and_Heritage_Theological_Seminary" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Baptist College and Heritage Theological Seminary">Heritage Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_College_and_Seminary" title="Horizon College and Seminary">Horizon College and Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_College,_Toronto" title="Knox College, Toronto">Knox College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Christian_Studies" title="Institute for Christian Studies">Institute for Christian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Theological_Seminary,_Saskatoon" title="Lutheran Theological Seminary, Saskatoon">Lutheran Theological Seminary, Saskatoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_University_College" title="Martin Luther University College">Martin Luther University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master%27s_College_and_Seminary" title="Master's College and Seminary">Master's College and Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGill_University_Faculty_of_Religious_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="McGill University Faculty of Religious Studies">McGill University Faculty of Religious Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMaster_Divinity_College" title="McMaster Divinity College">McMaster Divinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Diocesan_Theological_College" title="Montreal Diocesan Theological College">Montreal Diocesan Theological College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Presbyterian_College,_Montreal" title="The Presbyterian College, Montreal">The Presbyterian College, Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_University_College_and_Theological_Seminary" title="Providence University College and Theological Seminary">Providence University College and Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Theological_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Theological College">Queen's Theological College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_School_of_Evangelical_Theology" title="Quebec School of Evangelical Theology">Quebec School of Evangelical Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_College" title="Regent College">Regent College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_College,_Toronto" class="mw-redirect" title="Regis College, Toronto">Regis College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_College,_Saskatoon" title="St. Andrew's College, Saskatoon">St. Andrew's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Augustine%27s_Seminary_(Toronto)" title="St. Augustine's Seminary (Toronto)">St. Augustine's Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Seminary_(Edmonton)" title="St. Joseph Seminary (Edmonton)">St. Joseph's Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Seminary_(Diocese_of_London,_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Seminary (Diocese of London, Ontario)">St. Peter's Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Philip%27s_Seminary" title="St. Philip's Seminary">St. Philip's Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_College_and_Seminary" title="Taylor College and Seminary">Taylor University College and Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_School_of_Theology" title="Toronto School of Theology">Toronto School of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Baptist_Seminary_and_Bible_College" title="Toronto Baptist Seminary and Bible College">Toronto Baptist Seminary</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trinity Western University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_University" title="Tyndale University">Tyndale University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Sherbrooke" title="Université de Sherbrooke">Université de Sherbrooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Michael%27s_College" title="University of St. Michael's College">St. Michael's College Faculty of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Trinity_College" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Trinity College">Trinity College Faculty of Divinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winnipeg" title="University of Winnipeg">University of Winnipeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_University,_Toronto" title="Victoria University, Toronto">Victoria University in the University of Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_School_of_Theology" title="Vancouver School of Theology">Vancouver School of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wycliffe_College,_Toronto" title="Wycliffe College, Toronto">Wycliffe College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NCCAA_Division_I_-_West" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6569551#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6569551#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000090628563">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/132451804">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1081578629">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2018158597">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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