CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Smartphone patent wars - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"89167640-ad4c-4069-bf65-333286d7af57","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Smartphone_patent_wars","wgTitle":"Smartphone patent wars","wgCurRevisionId":1257950079,"wgRevisionId":1257950079,"wgArticleId":34966816,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from June 2017","All Wikipedia articles in need of updating","Articles needing cleanup from February 2013","All pages needing cleanup","Articles with sections that need to be turned into prose from February 2013","Articles with multiple maintenance issues", "All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2023","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020","Incomplete lists from November 2013","Smartphone patent wars","Smartphones","Apple Inc. litigation","Google litigation","Discovery and invention controversies"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Smartphone_patent_wars","wgRelevantArticleId":34966816,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true, "watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7544148","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Smartphone patent wars - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Smartphone_patent_wars rootpage-Smartphone_patent_wars skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Smartphone+patent+wars" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Smartphone+patent+wars" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Smartphone+patent+wars" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Smartphone+patent+wars" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Timeline</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Timeline subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>2009</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>2010</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>2011</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>2015</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>2016</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>2017</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>2021</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Smartphone patent wars</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 language</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_paten_ponsel_cerdas" title="Perang paten ponsel cerdas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang paten ponsel cerdas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7544148#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Smartphone_patent_wars" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Smartphone_patent_wars" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&oldid=1257950079" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Smartphone_patent_wars&id=1257950079&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSmartphone_patent_wars"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSmartphone_patent_wars"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7544148" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Litigation between vendors, since 2009</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Special:EditPage/Smartphone patent wars">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Talk:Smartphone patent wars">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit">converting this article</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>smartphone wars</b> or <b>smartphone patents licensing and litigation</b> refers to commercial struggles among <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> manufacturers including <a href="/wiki/Sony_Mobile" title="Sony Mobile">Sony Mobile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola_Mobility" title="Motorola Mobility">Motorola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a>, <a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG Electronics</a>, <a href="/wiki/ZTE" title="ZTE">ZTE</a> and <a href="/wiki/HTC" title="HTC">HTC</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Patent_infringement" title="Patent infringement">patent litigation</a> and other means. The conflict is part of the wider <a href="/wiki/Technology_patent_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology patent wars">"patent wars"</a> between technology and software corporations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>To secure and increase <a href="/wiki/Market_share" title="Market share">market share</a>, companies granted a <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a> can sue to prevent competitors from using the methods the patent covers. Since 2010 the number of lawsuits, <a href="/wiki/Counter-suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-suit">counter-suits</a>, and trade complaints based on patents and <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design_right" title="Industrial design right">designs</a> in the market for smartphones, and devices based on <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">smartphone OSes</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> and <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>, has increased significantly.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Initial suits, countersuits, rulings, license agreements, and other major events in <i>italics</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009">2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The pattern of suing and countersuing really began in 2009 as growth in the demand for smartphones accelerated dramatically with the advent of the modern smartphone, which combined a responsive touch screen with a modern multi-tasking operating system, a browser that provided full web access and an <a href="/wiki/App_store" title="App store">application store</a>, in the form of the <a href="/wiki/IPhone_3G" title="IPhone 3G">Apple iPhone 3G</a> and the first <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> phones. </p> <ul><li>2009, Oct 22: <i>Nokia sues Apple over 10 patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2009, Dec 11: <i>Apple countersued Nokia over 13 patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2009, Dec 29: Nokia files a second lawsuit<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/United_States_International_Trade_Commission" title="United States International Trade Commission">U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC)</a> complaint against Apple over 7 more patents.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010">2010</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2010"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2010, Jan 15: Apple files an ITC complaint against Nokia over 9 patents.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Feb 19: Apple drops 4 patents from their countersuit against Nokia that are in their ITC complaint against Nokia.</li> <li>2010, Feb 24: Apple countersues Nokia in Nokia's second lawsuit, over the 9 patents that are in Apple's ITC complaint.</li> <li>2010, Mar 02: <i>Apple sues HTC over 10 patents and files an ITC complaint against HTC over 10 other patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Apr 26: 5 of the patents in Apple's ITC complaint against Nokia are merged into their ITC complaint against HTC.</li> <li>2010, Apr 27: <i>HTC signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on HTC's Android-based devices</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (rumored to be $5 per handset).</li> <li>2010, May 7: Nokia files a third lawsuit against Apple over 5 more patents.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, May 12: <i>HTC files an ITC complaint against Apple over 5 patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, May 28: <a href="/wiki/S3_Graphics" title="S3 Graphics">S3 Graphics</a> files an ITC complaint against Apple over 4 patents used in the iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple computers.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Jun 28: Apple countersues Nokia in Nokia's third lawsuit, over 7 more patents.</li> <li>2010, Jul 06: <i>HTC countersues Apple over 3 patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Jul 21: Nokia drops 1 patent from their ITC complaint against Apple.</li> <li>2010, Aug 12: <i>Oracle sues Google over 7 patents relating to the use of Java in Android.</i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <i><a href="/wiki/Oracle_v._Google" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle v. Google">Oracle v. Google</a></i>.</li> <li>2010, Sep 17: Nokia adds 2 more patents to their third lawsuit against Apple.</li> <li>2010, Sep 27: Apple sues Nokia in the UK and Germany over 9 patents.</li> <li>2010, Sep 30: Nokia countersues Apple in Germany over 4 patents.</li> <li>2010, Oct 01: <i>Microsoft files an ITC complaint and a lawsuit against Motorola over 9 patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Oct 06: <i>Motorola sues Apple over 18 patents, and files an ITC complaint against Apple over 6 of them.</i><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Oct 08: <i>Motorola files a request for declaratory judgement that they do not infringe 12 Apple patents, and that those patents be declared invalid.</i><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Oct 29: <i>Apple sues Motorola over 6 patents, and files an ITC complaint against Motorola over 3 of them.</i><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010, Dec 01: <i>Apple adds the 12 patents to their suit against Motorola that Motorola previously requested declaratory judgement that they do not infringe.</i><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011">2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2011, Mar 21: Microsoft sues <a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble" title="Barnes & Noble">Barnes & Noble</a> over the Android operating system in the <a href="/wiki/Nook" class="mw-redirect" title="Nook">Nook</a> ebook reader.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Apr 15: Apple sues Samsung for patent and trademark infringement (7 utility patents, 3 design patents, 3 registered trade dresses, 6 trademarked icons) with its Galaxy line of mobile products, including the <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_(2010_smartphone)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Galaxy S (2010 smartphone)">Galaxy S</a> smartphone and the <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Tab" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy Tab">Galaxy Tab</a> tablet.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Apr 22: Samsung sues Apple in South Korea (5 patents), Japan (2 patents), and Germany (3 patents).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Apr 28: Samsung countersues Apple over 10 patents.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, May 18: Samsung ordered to provide Apple samples of the announced <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_S2" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy S2">Galaxy S2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Infuse_4G" title="Samsung Infuse 4G">Infuse 4G</a>, and Infuse 4G LTE smartphones, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Tab_8.9" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy Tab 8.9">Galaxy Tab 8.9</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Tab_10.1" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy Tab 10.1">Galaxy Tab 10.1</a> tablets as part of Apple's lawsuit against the company.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, May 18: Samsung files a court motion for Apple to provide samples of the unannounced iPhone 5 and iPad 3 prototypes.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 14: Nokia and Apple settle their litigation with Apple agreeing to pay Nokia an undisclosed one-time payment as well as continuing royalties.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 16: Apple amends its lawsuit against Samsung, dropping 2 utility patents and 1 design patent, and adding 3 new utility patents plus 4 trade dress applications, now covering the <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_Tab_10.1" title="Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1">Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 22: Samsung's motion to be provided samples of Apple's unannounced <a href="/wiki/IPhone_5" title="IPhone 5">iPhone 5</a> and <a href="/wiki/IPad_3" class="mw-redirect" title="IPad 3">iPad 3</a> prototypes is denied.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 27: <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics" title="General Dynamics">General Dynamics</a> <a href="/wiki/Itronix" class="mw-redirect" title="Itronix">Itronix</a> signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics" title="General Dynamics">General Dynamics</a> Itronix's Android-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 29: <a href="/wiki/Velocity_Micro" title="Velocity Micro">Velocity Micro</a> signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on Velocity Micro's Android-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 30: A consortium of companies made up of Apple, <a href="/wiki/EMC_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="EMC Corporation">EMC Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a>, Microsoft, Research In Motion and <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> win against Google<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in an auction of over 6,000 <a href="/wiki/Nortel" title="Nortel">Nortel</a> mobile-related telecommunications patents for US$4.5 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jun 30: <a href="/wiki/Onkyo" title="Onkyo">Onkyo</a> signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on Onkyo's Android-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 01: Apple files for preliminary injunction against 4 Samsung products: Infuse 4G, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_(2010_smartphone)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Galaxy S (2010 smartphone)">Galaxy S 4G</a>, <a href="/wiki/Droid_Charge" class="mw-redirect" title="Droid Charge">Droid Charge</a>, and Galaxy Tab 10.1 based on 3 design patents and 1 utility patent.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 01: ITC rules that Apple infringes on 2 patents held by S3 Graphics, while not infringing on 2 others.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 05: <a href="/wiki/Wistron_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wistron Corporation">Wistron</a> signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on Wistron's Android-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 06: HTC agrees to purchase S3 Graphics to secure 235 patents for use in its defense against Apple.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 06: Microsoft seeks $15 licensing fees from Samsung for a range of claimed patent violations on every Android device.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 11: Apple files a second ITC complaint against HTC over 5 more patents, and sues HTC over 4 patents from this second ITC complaint that they weren't already suing HTC over.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 11-12: Google acquires 1,029 Patents from IBM for an undisclosed amount.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Jul 15: ITC finds HTC infringes on 2 Apple patents.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 02: Apple sues Samsung in Australia over 10 patents, resulting in Samsung delaying the launch and halting advertising of the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 tablet in Australia to an indefinite date.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 09: A German court issues a <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_Tab_10.1#Apple_patent_lawsuit" title="Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1">preliminary injunction against the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1</a> in Apple's lawsuit against Samsung which causes its sale to be banned in most of Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 15: <a href="/wiki/Motorola_Mobility#Proposed_acquisition_by_Google" title="Motorola Mobility">Google announces its intention to buy Motorola Mobility</a> for US$12.5 billion. Eighteen of Motorola's patents could potentially be used for defense or countersuits against Apple and Microsoft, and may influence the smartphone war. These patents may change the balance of power, and force the various players to settle their lawsuits.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 16: The Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 sales ban in Europe is lifted outside of Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 17: Google acquires 1,023 more patents from IBM for an undisclosed amount (not revealed until 13 Sep 2011).<sup id="cite_ref-GoogleIBMAugust_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoogleIBMAugust-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 23: Microsoft files a complaint with the ITC requesting a ban on several key Motorola smartphones and devices in the USA based on infringements of 7 patents.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Aug 24: A court in the Netherlands rules that Samsung will be banned from selling the Galaxy S, Galaxy S II and Galaxy Ace in a number of European countries due to Apple's patent infringement claims.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 02: Apple granted preliminary injunction against Samsung preventing display of the prototype Samsung Galaxy Tab 7.7 tablet at the IFA trade show in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 02: Apple court filings assert that Andy Rubin got inspiration for Android framework while working at Apple before working at General Magic and Danger, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 07: HTC countersues Apple using nine patents from Google. The move is seen as a possible first step for Google giving direct support in lawsuits involving manufacturers using Android.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 08: <a href="/wiki/Acer_Inc." title="Acer Inc.">Acer</a><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/ViewSonic" title="ViewSonic">ViewSonic</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sign patent license agreements with Microsoft regarding their use of Android on smartphones and tablets.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 09: Apple's preliminary injunction against sales of the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 in Germany is upheld.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 12: Samsung announces a lawsuit against Apple in France that had been filed in July over 3 patents.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 12: Apple countersues Samsung in the UK over an unknown number of patents.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 13: Google's August 17 acquisition of 1,023 patents from IBM is revealed by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.<sup id="cite_ref-GoogleIBMAugust_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoogleIBMAugust-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 17: Samsung countersues Apple in Australia over 7 patents.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Sep 28: Samsung signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on Samsung's Android-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Oct 12: An Australian court issues a preliminary injunction against the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 in Apple's lawsuit against Samsung which prevents its sale in Australia leading up to the 2011 holiday season.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Oct 13: Quanta signs an agreement with Microsoft to license Microsoft patents in return for royalties on Quanta's Android and Chrome-based devices.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011, Oct 13: Judge in Apple's U.S. lawsuit against Samsung agrees that Samsung's tablets infringe on Apple's patents, but also that the validity of some of the patents might be questionable.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012">2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2012, Jan 17: Apple files a lawsuit in Düsseldorf regional court, Germany against Samsung claiming the Galaxy S2 infringes on Apple patents.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Mar 7: <i>Samsung files a lawsuit in Seoul's Central district court claiming that the iPhone 4S and iPad 2 infringe on three of its patents.</i><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Mar 7: Judge Allan Gropper ruled that Apple was disallowed from suing from Kodak for patent infringement. arguing that it would be an "inappropriate way forward".<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, May 22: Google Inc. completes acquisition of Motorola Mobility.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2012, Jun 10: <i>Apple sues Samsung over its auto-correct patent in San Jose Calif.</i><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jun 23: <i>Federal Judge Posner throws out Apple-Motorola case with prejudice.</i><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jun 29: <i>Apple is granted an injunction against import of the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1.</i><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jun 30: <i> Judge <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Koh" title="Lucy Koh">Lucy Koh</a> grants Apple an injunction against the Samsung Galaxy Nexus.</i><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 1: <i>Samsung files an appeal against Apple's injunction against the Galaxy Nexus.</i><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 2: Nokia claims that the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012_version)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexus 7 (2012 version)">Nexus 7</a> infringes on its patents.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 4: <i>A high court in the UK rules that three of the four patents Apple brought up against HTC are invalid.</i><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 6: Google and Samsung are forced to degrade the universal search bar on the Galaxy Nexus and Galaxy S3 as a result of an injunction granted to Apple by <a href="/wiki/Lucy_H._Koh" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucy H. Koh">Judge Lucy Koh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 6: The ITU announces that it is convening a patent roundtable on October 10 in Geneva to have stakeholders resolve their differences.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 9: Samsung wins a patent dispute on the Galaxy Tab against Apple in the UK. Judge Colin Birss stated that Samsung's tablets were "not as cool" as Apple's, and "do not have the same understated and extreme simplicity which is possessed by the Apple design."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 12: San Francisco-based EMG Technology sues Google in an East Texas court claiming the mobile version of Chrome infringes on its patent for "apparatus and method of manipulating a region on a wireless device screen for viewing, zooming and scrolling internet content."<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 15: RIM is ordered to pay US$147 million to Mformation for infringement of its remote management patent.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 18: Apple is granted 'the mother of all smartphone patents' by the <a href="/wiki/USPTO" class="mw-redirect" title="USPTO">USPTO</a>, "encompass[ing] the user interfaces Apple designed for blogging, e-mail, telephone, camera, video player, calendar, browser, widgets, search, notes, maps and most importantly, a multi-touch interface".<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 18: Apple is forced by UK Judge Birss to publish public apologies to Samsung on their website stating that Samsung did not copy the iPad.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Jul 27: A Mannheim court bans Motorola's Android devices in Germany ruling that they infringe on Microsoft FAT patent.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Aug 23: A court in Seoul in South Korea ruled that both Apple and Samsung had infringed each other's patents, and that Samsung had not copied the look and feel of Apple's products.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2012, Aug 24: Apple wins patent dispute against Samsung and is awarded $1.049 billion in damages for 6 of the 7 patents brought to bear.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samsung is awarded $0 in counter suit.<sup id="cite_ref-techcrunch.com_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techcrunch.com-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The jury deliberated for 3 days before coming to a verdict<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that found among other things that Samsung violated the "scrolling bounce back" patent and "pinch to zoom" patent of Apple.<sup id="cite_ref-techcrunch.com_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techcrunch.com-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Aug 31: A Tokyo court rules that Samsung's Galaxy smartphones and tablets do not violate an Apple patent on technology that synchronizes music and videos between devices and servers.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Oct 11: A U.S. appellate court overturns the sales ban against the Samsung Galaxy Nexus smartphone finding that the district court in California "abused its discretion" in imposing a preliminary injunction on Galaxy Nexus sales and that Apple did not establish cause for a sales ban.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Oct 18: The Court of Appeal of England and Wales upheld the High Court Judgement that Samsung's Galaxy Tablet didn't infringe Apple's designs. As part of the ruling Apple has been instructed to run advertisements in select publications and on its own website saying Samsung didn't copy its tablet designs. This decision is valid through all the European Union and led Darren Smyth partner at EIP to remark "this will be the end of the line. An appeal to the Supreme Court is in principle possible but there has been no indication so far that Apple plan such an appeal."<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Oct 23: In a non-final Office action the USPTO declares all 20 claims of Apple's rubber-banding patent (U.S. Patent No. 7,469,381) invalid, including claim 19, which Apple successfully asserted against Samsung in the summer trial in California. The claims were rejected based on 'obviousness' and 'lack of novelty'.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Nov 5: An Apple lawsuit against Google's Motorola Mobility over alleged patent abuse is thrown out by a US Federal Court.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Nov 13: HTC settles with Apple and agrees to pay royalties of an undisclosed sum to Apple Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Nov 28: Ericsson, Swedish mobile communication infrastructure manufacturer, sues Samsung over patent infringement on its mobile infrastructure technology in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Dec 7: Preliminary <a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">United States Patent and Trademark Office</a> ruling declares the Steve Jobs patent, U.S. Patent No. 7,479,949, invalid on all 20 claims.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Dec 13: A US federal jury rules that Apple's iPhone infringed on three mobile device patents belonging to MobileMedia Ideas LLC, a company belonging to Nokia and Sony.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Dec 17: Judge Koh denies Apple's motion for permanent injunction against Samsung.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012, Dec 26: Samsung Electronics files a complaint against Ericsson with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_International_Trade_Commission" title="United States International Trade Commission">United States International Trade Commission</a> (USITC) to ban some Ericsson products from sales in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013">2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2013"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2013</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>2013, June: ITC rules iPads infringe on Samsung patents.<sup id="cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitaltrends1-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013, August: ITC ruling from June vetoed, ITC blocks older Samsung phones for violating two Apple patents.<sup id="cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitaltrends1-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013, Oct 31: <a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Consortium" title="Rockstar Consortium">Rockstar Consortium</a>, a consortium owned by companies including Apple and Microsoft, starts legal action against <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other makers of <a href="/wiki/Android_phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Android phone">Android phones</a> including <a href="/wiki/Asustek" class="mw-redirect" title="Asustek">Asustek</a>, <a href="/wiki/HTC" title="HTC">HTC</a>, <a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG Electronics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pantech" title="Pantech">Pantech</a>, and <a href="/wiki/ZTE" title="ZTE">ZTE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013, December 23: Google initiates legal action against Rockstar Consortium with a countersuit filed in San Jose, California.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014">2014</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2014, February: HTC and Nokia settled all their patent suits with HTC paying an undisclosed amount to Nokia.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2014, March: The $929 million judgement from the US trial <i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc._v._Samsung_Electronics_Co." title="Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.">Apple vs. Samsung</a></i> becomes official. Samsung files a formal appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitaltrends1-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015">2015</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2015"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>14 January: Ericsson sues Apple for breach of contract seeking a patent-licensing agreement for its mobile technology.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>9 March: Microsoft sues <a href="/wiki/Kyocera" title="Kyocera">Kyocera</a> for patent infringement in U.S. federal court and seeks an import ban on three Android smartphones.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016">2016</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2016"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>6 December: The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">SCOTUS</a> decided 8-0 to reverse the decision from the 2012 Apple v. Samsung trial that awarded hundreds of millions to Apple and returned the case to Federal Circuit court to define the appropriate legal standard to define "article of manufacture" because it is not the smartphone itself but could be just the case and screen to which the design patents relate.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>8 July: Case (2016) Yue 03 Min Chu No. 1382 between Samsung and Huawei in China docketed.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017">2017</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2017"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>March: IWNCOMM obtain the first SEP injunction in China against Sony.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018">2018</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>13 April: Samsung obtains an antisuit injunction against Huawei preventing them from enforcing two Chinese SEP injunctions.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019">2019</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>26 February: Samsung and Huawei submit a motion for stay in the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021">2021</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2021"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>12 July: Nokia sues OPPO in 4 different countries due to a 4G/5G patent(s)</li> <li>14 September: OPPO countersues Nokia in 9 different countries</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litigation_involving_Apple_Inc." title="Litigation involving Apple Inc.">Litigation involving Apple Inc.</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc._v._Samsung_Electronics_Co." title="Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.">Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Google litigation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Motorola_Mobility_v._Apple_Inc." title="Motorola Mobility v. Apple Inc.">Motorola Mobility v. Apple Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corp._v._Motorola_Inc." title="Microsoft Corp. v. Motorola Inc.">Microsoft Corp. v. Motorola Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samsung_v._Huawei" title="Samsung v. Huawei">Samsung v. Huawei</a></i></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/28px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/42px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/56px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/44759893/Apple-vs-Android-10-12-02">"Apple vs Android 10.12.02"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+vs+Android+10.12.02&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F44759893%2FApple-vs-Android-10-12-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/52195210/NokiaVsApple-11-03-31-100">"NokiaVsApple_11.03.31.100"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NokiaVsApple_11.03.31.100&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F52195210%2FNokiaVsApple-11-03-31-100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/52754079/Microsoft-vs-Motorola-11-04-09">"Microsoft vs Motorola 11.04.09"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+vs+Motorola+11.04.09&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F52754079%2FMicrosoft-vs-Motorola-11-04-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/59474521/AppleVsSamsung-11-07-05">"AppleVsSamsung_11.07.05"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AppleVsSamsung_11.07.05&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F59474521%2FAppleVsSamsung-11-07-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/61387056/AppleVsHTCandS3-11-07-29">"AppleVsHTCandS3_11.07.29"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AppleVsHTCandS3_11.07.29&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F61387056%2FAppleVsHTCandS3-11-07-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/09/10/22/nokia_sues_apple_over_iphones_use_of_patented_wireless_standards.html">"Nokia sues Apple over iPhone's use of patented wireless standards"</a>. Appleinsider.com. October 22, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+sues+Apple+over+iPhone%27s+use+of+patented+wireless+standards&rft.pub=Appleinsider.com&rft.date=2009-10-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appleinsider.com%2Farticles%2F09%2F10%2F22%2Fnokia_sues_apple_over_iphones_use_of_patented_wireless_standards.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2009/10/29/nokia-vs-apple-the-in-depth-analysis/">"Nokia vs. Apple: the in-depth analysis"</a>. Engadget.com. 29 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+vs.+Apple%3A+the+in-depth+analysis&rft.pub=Engadget.com&rft.date=2009-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2009%2F10%2F29%2Fnokia-vs-apple-the-in-depth-analysis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2009/12/11/apple-countersues-nokia-for-infringing-13-patents/">"Apple countersues Nokia for infringing 13 patents"</a>. Engadget.com. 11 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+countersues+Nokia+for+infringing+13+patents&rft.pub=Engadget.com&rft.date=2009-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2009%2F12%2F11%2Fapple-countersues-nokia-for-infringing-13-patents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForesman2010" class="citation web cs1">Foresman, Chris (January 4, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/01/nokia-adds-additional-lawsuit-in-patent-catfight-with-apple.ars">"Nokia adds additional lawsuit in patent catfight with Apple"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+adds+additional+lawsuit+in+patent+catfight+with+Apple&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft.aulast=Foresman&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2010%2F01%2Fnokia-adds-additional-lawsuit-in-patent-catfight-with-apple.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForesman2009" class="citation web cs1">Foresman, Chris (December 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2009/12/nokia-hurls-new-salvo-in-spat-with-apple-complains-to-itc.ars">"Nokia hurls new salvo in spat with Apple, complains to ITC"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+hurls+new+salvo+in+spat+with+Apple%2C+complains+to+ITC&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2009-12-29&rft.aulast=Foresman&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2009%2F12%2Fnokia-hurls-new-salvo-in-spat-with-apple-complains-to-itc.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDecker2010" class="citation news cs1">Decker, Susan (January 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=ao_5HVbD_IRM">"Apple Files New Trade Complaint With Against Nokia"</a>. Bloomberg.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Apple+Files+New+Trade+Complaint+With+Against+Nokia&rft.date=2010-01-16&rft.aulast=Decker&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3Dnewsarchive%26sid%3Dao_5HVbD_IRM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng2010" class="citation web cs1">Cheng, Jacqui (January 18, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/01/apple-continues-nokia-patent-spat-with-its-own-itc-complaint.ars">"Apple wants Nokia's US imports blocked"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+wants+Nokia%27s+US+imports+blocked&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-01-18&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jacqui&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2010%2F01%2Fapple-continues-nokia-patent-spat-with-its-own-itc-complaint.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2010/03/02/apple-vs-htc-a-patent-breakdown/">"Apple vs HTC: a patent breakdown"</a>. Engadget.com. March 2, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+vs+HTC%3A+a+patent+breakdown&rft.pub=Engadget.com&rft.date=2010-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2010%2F03%2F02%2Fapple-vs-htc-a-patent-breakdown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/03/03/google_backs_htc_in_what_could_be_long_and_bloody_battle_with_apple.html">"Google backs HTC in what could be 'long and bloody battle' with Apple"</a>. Appleinsider.com. March 3, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+backs+HTC+in+what+could+be+%27long+and+bloody+battle%27+with+Apple&rft.pub=Appleinsider.com&rft.date=2010-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appleinsider.com%2Farticles%2F10%2F03%2F03%2Fgoogle_backs_htc_in_what_could_be_long_and_bloody_battle_with_apple.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBilton2010" class="citation news cs1">Bilton, Nick (March 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/02/what-apple-vs-htc-could-mean/">"What Apple vs. HTC Could Mean"</a>. Bits.blogs.nytimes.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+Apple+vs.+HTC+Could+Mean&rft.date=2010-03-02&rft.aulast=Bilton&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbits.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F03%2F02%2Fwhat-apple-vs-htc-could-mean%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macworld.com/article/146819/2010/03/htc_defense.html">"HTC says it uses own technology, not Apple's"</a>. Macworld.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HTC+says+it+uses+own+technology%2C+not+Apple%27s&rft.pub=Macworld.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macworld.com%2Farticle%2F146819%2F2010%2F03%2Fhtc_defense.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForesman2010" class="citation web cs1">Foresman, Chris (March 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/03/htc-lawsuit-came-after-warning-by-apple-to-handset-makers.ars">"HTC lawsuit came after warning by Apple to handset makers"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HTC+lawsuit+came+after+warning+by+Apple+to+handset+makers&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-03-09&rft.aulast=Foresman&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2010%2F03%2Fhtc-lawsuit-came-after-warning-by-apple-to-handset-makers.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2010/apr10/04-27MSHTCPR.mspx">"Microsoft Announces Patent Agreement With HTC"</a>. Microsoft.com. April 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Announces+Patent+Agreement+With+HTC&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2010-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2010%2Fapr10%2F04-27MSHTCPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gartenberg.wordpress.com/2010/04/28/htc-licenses-microsofts-mobile-patents-for-android-phones-first-take/">"HTC licenses Microsoft's mobile patents for Android phones – First Take"</a>. Gartenberg.wordpress.com. April 28, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HTC+licenses+Microsoft%27s+mobile+patents+for+Android+phones+%E2%80%93+First+Take&rft.pub=Gartenberg.wordpress.com&rft.date=2010-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgartenberg.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F04%2F28%2Fhtc-licenses-microsofts-mobile-patents-for-android-phones-first-take%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2010" class="citation web cs1">Johnston, Casey (May 7, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/05/nokia-applies-patent-thumbscrews-to-apples-ipad.ars">"Nokia applies patent thumbscrews to Apple's iPad"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+applies+patent+thumbscrews+to+Apple%27s+iPad&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-05-07&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2010%2F05%2Fnokia-applies-patent-thumbscrews-to-apples-ipad.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/05/12/htc_countersues_apple_claims_infringement_of_five_patents.html">"HTC countersues Apple, claims infringement of five patents"</a>. Appleinsider.com. May 12, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HTC+countersues+Apple%2C+claims+infringement+of+five+patents&rft.pub=Appleinsider.com&rft.date=2010-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appleinsider.com%2Farticles%2F10%2F05%2F12%2Fhtc_countersues_apple_claims_infringement_of_five_patents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118071720/http://www.itcblog.com/20100602/s3-graphics-files-new-337-complaint-regarding-certain-electronic-devices-with-image-processing-systems/">"S3 Graphics Files New 337 Complaint Regarding Certain Electronic Devices With Image Processing Systems"</a>. Itcblog.com. June 2, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itcblog.com/20100602/s3-graphics-files-new-337-complaint-regarding-certain-electronic-devices-with-image-processing-systems/">the original</a> on January 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=S3+Graphics+Files+New+337+Complaint+Regarding+Certain+Electronic+Devices+With+Image+Processing+Systems&rft.pub=Itcblog.com&rft.date=2010-06-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itcblog.com%2F20100602%2Fs3-graphics-files-new-337-complaint-regarding-certain-electronic-devices-with-image-processing-systems%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSara_Yin2011" class="citation news cs1">Sara Yin (August 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2389587,00.asp">"HTC Sues Apple UK Weeks after ITC Loss"</a>. <i>PC Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Magazine&rft.atitle=HTC+Sues+Apple+UK+Weeks+after+ITC+Loss&rft.date=2011-08-08&rft.au=Sara+Yin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Farticle2%2F0%2C2817%2C2389587%2C00.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony_Ha2010" class="citation web cs1">Anthony Ha (August 12, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/2010/08/12/oracle-sues-google-over-android/">"Oracle sues Google over Android"</a>. Venturebeat.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oracle+sues+Google+over+Android&rft.pub=Venturebeat.com&rft.date=2010-08-12&rft.au=Anthony+Ha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fventurebeat.com%2F2010%2F08%2F12%2Foracle-sues-google-over-android%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProtalinski2010" class="citation web cs1">Protalinski, Emil (October 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/microsoft/news/2010/10/microsoft-sues-motorola-citing-android-patent-infringement.ars">"Microsoft sues Motorola, citing Android patent infringement"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+sues+Motorola%2C+citing+Android+patent+infringement&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-10-02&rft.aulast=Protalinski&rft.aufirst=Emil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fmicrosoft%2Fnews%2F2010%2F10%2Fmicrosoft-sues-motorola-citing-android-patent-infringement.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2010/oct10/10-01statement.mspx">"Microsoft Files Patent Infringement Action Against Motorola"</a>. Microsoft.com. October 1, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Files+Patent+Infringement+Action+Against+Motorola&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2Fpresspass%2Fpress%2F2010%2Foct10%2F10-01statement.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForesman2010" class="citation web cs1">Foresman, Chris (October 6, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/10/motorola-asks-itc-two-federal-courts-to-throw-book-at-apple.ars">"Motorola asks ITC, two federal courts to throw book at Apple"</a>. Arstechnica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Motorola+asks+ITC%2C+two+federal+courts+to+throw+book+at+Apple&rft.pub=Arstechnica.com&rft.date=2010-10-06&rft.aulast=Foresman&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fapple%2Fnews%2F2010%2F10%2Fmotorola-asks-itc-two-federal-courts-to-throw-book-at-apple.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patentlyapple.com/patently-apple/2010/10/motorola-moves-offensively-with-a-new-lawsuit-against-apple.html">"Motorola Moves Offensively with a New Lawsuit against Apple"</a>. Patentlyapple.com. October 15, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Motorola+Moves+Offensively+with+a+New+Lawsuit+against+Apple&rft.pub=Patentlyapple.com&rft.date=2010-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patentlyapple.com%2Fpatently-apple%2F2010%2F10%2Fmotorola-moves-offensively-with-a-new-lawsuit-against-apple.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2010/10/motorola-horns-in-on-apple-vs-htc-files-suit-against-apple.ars">Motorola seeks to invalidate Apple phone patents</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patentlyapple.com/patently-apple/2010/10/apple-files-lawsuit-against-motorola-to-defend-multi-touch.html">Apple Files Lawsuit against Motorola to Defend Multi-Touch</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101125151201/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-11-23/apple-patent-case-against-motorola-to-get-trade-agency-review.html">Apple Patent Case Against Motorola to Get Trade Agency Review</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2010/12/apple-vs-motorola-now-42-patents-in.html">Apple vs. Motorola: now 42 patents-in-suit (24 Apple and 18 Motorola patents)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geekwire.com/2011/breaking-microsoft-sues-barnes-noble-android">Microsoft sues Barnes & Noble over Android in Nook</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://press.nokia.com/2011/03/29/nokia-files-second-itc-complaint-against-apple/">Nokia files second ITC complaint against Apple</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120325030038/http://press.nokia.com/2011/03/29/nokia-files-second-itc-complaint-against-apple/">Archived</a> 2012-03-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/03/escalation-nokia-files-new-itc.html">Escalation: Nokia files new ITC complaint against Apple (plus a corresponding federal lawsuit)</a>, <a href="/wiki/FOSS_Patents" class="mw-redirect" title="FOSS Patents">FOSS Patents</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/innovation/04/19/apple.samsung.lawsuit.wired/">"Apple to Samsung: Stop stealing ideas"</a>. <i>CNN.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN.com&rft.atitle=Apple+to+Samsung%3A+Stop+stealing+ideas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FTECH%2Finnovation%2F04%2F19%2Fapple.samsung.lawsuit.wired%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thisismynext.com/2011/04/19/apple-sues-samsung-analysis/">Apple sues Samsung: a complete lawsuit analysis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728074528/http://thisismynext.com/2011/04/19/apple-sues-samsung-analysis/">Archived</a> 2011-07-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2383964,00.asp">Samsung Countersues Apple for Patent Infringement</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thisismynext.com/2011/04/29/samsung-sues-apple-infringing-10-patents-closer/">Samsung sues Apple for infringing 10 patents: a closer look</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courthousenews.com/2011/05/19/36708.htm">Samsung Must Show Cell Phones to Apple</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2385861,00.asp">Judge Orders Samsung to Give Apple Unreleased Tablets, Smartphones</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thisismynext.com/2011/05/28/samsung-apple-iphone-5-ipad-3/">Samsung’s lawyers demand to see the iPhone 5 and iPad 3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-14/nokia-apple-payments-to-nokia-settle-all-litigation.html">Nokia Wins Apple Patent-License Deal Cash, Settles Lawsuits</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/14/apple-nokia-patent-lawsuit-settlement_n_876499.html">Apple Settles With Nokia In Patent Lawsuit</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Staff Reporter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/165405/20110619/apple-lawsuit-upgrade-samsung-galaxy-tab-10-1-infringement-intellectual-property-rights-ipad-2.htm">"Apple alleges Samsung of ‘slavishly copying’ its technology; questions new Galaxy Tab 10.1"</a>, <i>International Business Times</i>, June 19, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thisismynext.com/2011/06/22/shocker-samsung-allowed-iphone-5-ipad-3/">Shocker: Samsung not allowed to see iPhone 5 and iPad 3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/jun11/06-27ItronixPR.mspx">"Microsoft and General Dynamics Itronix Sign Patent Agreement: Agreement will cover General Dynamics Itronix devices running the Android platform"</a>. Microsoft.com. June 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+General+Dynamics+Itronix+Sign+Patent+Agreement%3A+Agreement+will+cover+General+Dynamics+Itronix+devices+running+the+Android+platform&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-06-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fjun11%2F06-27ItronixPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-itronics_vmicro_onkyo_wistron_48-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/06/android-device-makers-sign-up-as.html">FOSS Patents: Android device makers sign up as Microsoft patent licensees -- an overview of the situation</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/jun11/06-29VelocityMicroPR.mspx">"Microsoft and Velocity Micro, Inc., Sign Patent Agreement Covering Android-Based Devices: Agreement provides broad coverage of Microsoft's patent portfolio"</a>. Microsoft.com. June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Velocity+Micro%2C+Inc.%2C+Sign+Patent+Agreement+Covering+Android-Based+Devices%3A+Agreement+provides+broad+coverage+of+Microsoft%27s+patent+portfolio&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fjun11%2F06-29VelocityMicroPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dealtalk-nortel-google-idUSTRE76104L20110702">Dealtalk: Google bid "pi" for Nortel patents and lost</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketwatch.com/story/nortel-announces-the-winning-bidder-of-its-patent-portfolio-for-a-purchase-price-of-us45-billion-2011-06-30?reflink=MW_news_stmp">Nortel Announces the Winning Bidder of Its Patent Portfolio for a Purchase Price of US$4.5 Billion</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2011/07/01/apple-microsoft-rim-google-nortel-patents/">Who Won The 6,000+ Nortel Patents? Apple, RIM, Microsoft — Everyone But Google</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/jun11/06-30OnkyoPR.mspx?rss_fdn=Custom">"Microsoft and Onkyo Corp. Sign Patent Agreement Covering Android-Based Tablets: Agreement provides broad coverage of Microsoft's patent portfolio"</a>. Microsoft.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Onkyo+Corp.+Sign+Patent+Agreement+Covering+Android-Based+Tablets%3A+Agreement+provides+broad+coverage+of+Microsoft%27s+patent+portfolio&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fjun11%2F06-30OnkyoPR.mspx%3Frss_fdn%3DCustom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/07/apple-files-motion-for-preliminary.html">Apple files motion for preliminary injunction in the U.S. against four Samsung products: Infuse 4G, Galaxy S 4G, Droid Charge, Galaxy Tab 10.1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-27076_3-20076219-248/itc-ruling-mixed-in-s3-graphics-v-apple/?tag=mncol;txt">ITC ruling mixed in S3 Graphics v. Apple</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815095603/http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2011/jul11/07-05WistronPR.aspx">"Microsoft and Wistron Sign Patent Agreement: Agreement will cover Wistron's Android tablets, smartphones and e-readers"</a>. Microsoft.com. July 5, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/jul11/07-05WistronPR.mspx">the original</a> on 2012-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Wistron+Sign+Patent+Agreement%3A+Agreement+will+cover+Wistron%27s+Android+tablets%2C+smartphones+and+e-readers&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fjul11%2F07-05WistronPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/070511-microsoft-patent-android.html">Microsoft patent division taking cash from at least 5 Android vendors</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112112528/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/070511-microsoft-patent-android.html">Archived</a> 2012-01-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytech.com/VIA+WTI+Sell+Stakes+in+S3+Graphics+to+HTC/article22078.htm">DailyTech - VIA, WTI Sell Stakes in S3 Graphics to HTC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202122153/http://www.dailytech.com/VIA+WTI+Sell+Stakes+in+S3+Graphics+to+HTC/article22078.htm">Archived</a> 2014-02-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-07-06/htc-to-buy-s3-graphics-securing-patents-in-apple-fight-1-.html">HTC to Acquire Chip Designer S3 Graphics, Securing Patents in Apple Fight - Bloomberg</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-20077720-94/htc-facing-backlash-for-s3-acquisition/?tag=mncol;txt">HTC facing backlash for S3 acquisition</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-samsung-microsoft-idUSTRE7651DB20110706">Microsoft wants Samsung to pay smartphone license</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-07-11/apple-files-new-trade-complaint-against-htc-over-devices.html">HTC’s Flyer Tablet, Droid Accused of Infringing Apple Patents - Bloomberg</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/07/apple-files-second-itc-complaint.html">FOSS Patents: Apple files second ITC complaint against HTC: better luck next time?</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seobythesea.com/2011/07/google-acquires-ibm-patents-in-july/">Google Acquires Over 1,000 IBM Patents in July</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seobythesea.com/2011/07/googles-new-patents-from-ibm/">Google's New Patents from IBM</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allthingsd.com/20110715/itc-rules-htc-violated-two-apple-patents/?refcat=news">Bad News for Android: ITC Rules HTC Violated Two Apple Patents - John Paczkowski - News - AllThingsD</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-01/apple-seeks-to-block-samsung-from-selling-tablet-in-australia.html">Apple Lawsuit Puts Samsung Tablet Sales in Australia on Hold</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/08/samsungs-official-comment-on-australian.html">Samsung's official comment on the Australian Galaxy Tab 10.1 situation is extremely weak</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTsukayama2011" class="citation news cs1">Tsukayama, Hayley (August 10, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/faster-forward/post/samsung-galaxy-tab-101-imports-banned-in-most-of-europe/2011/08/10/gIQAmnVr6I_blog.html">"Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 imports banned in most of Europe"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Samsung+Galaxy+Tab+10.1+imports+banned+in+most+of+Europe&rft.date=2011-08-10&rft.aulast=Tsukayama&rft.aufirst=Hayley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Ffaster-forward%2Fpost%2Fsamsung-galaxy-tab-101-imports-banned-in-most-of-europe%2F2011%2F08%2F10%2FgIQAmnVr6I_blog.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/08/preliminary-injunction-granted-by.html">Preliminary injunction granted by German court: Apple blocks Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 in the entire European Union except for the Netherlands</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://androidandme.com/2011/08/news/microsoft-files-to-ban-imports-of-motorola-smartphones">"Microsoft files to ban imports of Motorola smartphones"</a>. Android and Me<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+files+to+ban+imports+of+Motorola+smartphones&rft.pub=Android+and+Me&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fandroidandme.com%2F2011%2F08%2Fnews%2Fmicrosoft-files-to-ban-imports-of-motorola-smartphones&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWomack2011" class="citation news cs1">Womack, Brian (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-22/motorola-s-value-for-google-found-in-18-patents-used-against-apple-tech.html">"Motorola Value Found in 18 Patents Used Against Apple: Tech"</a>. Bloomberg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Motorola+Value+Found+in+18+Patents+Used+Against+Apple%3A+Tech&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Womack&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-08-22%2Fmotorola-s-value-for-google-found-in-18-patents-used-against-apple-tech.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeske2011" class="citation news cs1">Leske, Nicola (August 16, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201233433/http://uk.reuters.com/article/tech-us-samsung-apple-ban-idUKTRE77F45420110816">"Samsung Galaxy tablet ban lifted in most of Europe"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/tech-us-samsung-apple-ban-idUKTRE77F45420110816">the original</a> on February 1, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Samsung+Galaxy+tablet+ban+lifted+in+most+of+Europe&rft.date=2011-08-16&rft.aulast=Leske&rft.aufirst=Nicola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Ftech-us-samsung-apple-ban-idUKTRE77F45420110816&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14548895">"Samsung Galaxy Tab ban is on hold"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. August 16, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Samsung+Galaxy+Tab+ban+is+on+hold&rft.date=2011-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-14548895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GoogleIBMAugust-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GoogleIBMAugust_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GoogleIBMAugust_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seobythesea.com/2011/09/google-ibm-patents-august/#more-6675">Google and IBM do it again: Google Acquires over 1,000 Patents from IBM in August</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2011/08/23/microsoft-asks-for-an-import-ban-on-motorola-smartphones/">Microsoft Asks For An Import Ban On Motorola Smartphones</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://androidandme.com/2011/08/news/microsoft-files-to-ban-imports-of-motorola-smartphones/">"Microsoft files to ban imports of Motorola smartphones"</a>. Android and Me<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+files+to+ban+imports+of+Motorola+smartphones&rft.pub=Android+and+Me&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fandroidandme.com%2F2011%2F08%2Fnews%2Fmicrosoft-files-to-ban-imports-of-motorola-smartphones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14652482">Euro ban for Samsung Galaxy phone</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-09-04/apple-wins-german-injunction-on-new-galaxy-tab.html">Samsung Puts Galaxy 10.1 Tablet on Hold as Apple Wins German Court Order</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/09/apple-to-itc-andy-rubin-got-inspiration.html">FOSS Patents: Apple to ITC: Andy Rubin got inspiration for Android framework while working at Apple, hence infringes an Apple API patent</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilford2011" class="citation news cs1">Milford, Phil (September 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-09-07/htc-sues-apple-alleging-infringement-of-four-u-s-patents.html">"HTC Sues Apple Using Google Patents Bought Last Week as Battle Escalates"</a>. Bloomberg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=HTC+Sues+Apple+Using+Google+Patents+Bought+Last+Week+as+Battle+Escalates&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft.aulast=Milford&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-09-07%2Fhtc-sues-apple-alleging-infringement-of-four-u-s-patents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111123220302/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-09-08/google-hands-htc-patents-to-use-against-apple-in-smartphone-wars.html">Google Hands HTC Patents to Use Against Apple in Smartphone Wars</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatel2011" class="citation web cs1">Patel, Nilay (September 7, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111026044541/http://thisismynext.com/2011/09/07/htc-sues-apple-patent-infringement-patents-purchased-google/">"HTC sues Apple for patent infringement… using patents purchased by Google"</a>. Thisismynext.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thisismynext.com/2011/09/07/htc-sues-apple-patent-infringement-patents-purchased-google/">the original</a> on 2011-10-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HTC+sues+Apple+for+patent+infringement%E2%80%A6+using+patents+purchased+by+Google&rft.pub=Thisismynext.com&rft.date=2011-09-07&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=Nilay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthisismynext.com%2F2011%2F09%2F07%2Fhtc-sues-apple-patent-infringement-patents-purchased-google%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/09/08/google-gets-its-hands-dirty/">Google gets its hands dirty - Apple 2.0 - Fortune Tech</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/sep11/09-08AcerPR.mspx">"Microsoft and Acer Sign Patent License Agreement: Agreement will cover Acer's Android tablets and smartphones"</a>. Microsoft.com. September 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Acer+Sign+Patent+License+Agreement%3A+Agreement+will+cover+Acer%27s+Android+tablets+and+smartphones&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fsep11%2F09-08AcerPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/sep11/09-08ViewSonicPR.mspx">"Microsoft and ViewSonic Sign Patent Agreement: Agreement will cover ViewSonic's Android Tablets and smartphones"</a>. Microsoft.com. September 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+ViewSonic+Sign+Patent+Agreement%3A+Agreement+will+cover+ViewSonic%27s+Android+Tablets+and+smartphones&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fsep11%2F09-08ViewSonicPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111122192312/http://www.zdnet.com/blog/hardware/microsoft-ropes-two-more-oems-into-android-patent-deal/14622">"Microsoft ropes two more OEMs into Android patent deal"</a>. Zdnet.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/blog/hardware/microsoft-ropes-two-more-oems-into-android-patent-deal/14622">the original</a> on November 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+ropes+two+more+OEMs+into+Android+patent+deal&rft.pub=Zdnet.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Fblog%2Fhardware%2Fmicrosoft-ropes-two-more-oems-into-android-patent-deal%2F14622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTu2011" class="citation news cs1">Tu, Janet I. (September 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/microsoftpri0/2016144500_microsoft_signs_android_patent_agreements_with_ace.html">"Microsoft signs Android patent agreements with Acer, ViewSonic"</a>. Seattletimes.nwsource.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Microsoft+signs+Android+patent+agreements+with+Acer%2C+ViewSonic&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft.aulast=Tu&rft.aufirst=Janet+I.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fseattletimes.nwsource.com%2Fhtml%2Fmicrosoftpri0%2F2016144500_microsoft_signs_android_patent_agreements_with_ace.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatussek2011" class="citation news cs1">Matussek, Karin (September 9, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-09-09/apple-wins-ruling-for-german-samsung-galaxy-tablet-10-1-ban.html">"Apple Wins German Ban on Samsung Tablet"</a>. Bloomberg.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Apple+Wins+German+Ban+on+Samsung+Tablet&rft.date=2011-09-09&rft.aulast=Matussek&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-09-09%2Fapple-wins-ruling-for-german-samsung-galaxy-tablet-10-1-ban.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/09/13/latest_samsung_lawsuit_targets_apples_iphone_ipad_in_france.html">"Latest Samsung lawsuit targets Apple's iPhone, iPad in France"</a>. AppleInsider. September 13, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latest+Samsung+lawsuit+targets+Apple%27s+iPhone%2C+iPad+in+France&rft.pub=AppleInsider&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appleinsider.com%2Farticles%2F11%2F09%2F13%2Flatest_samsung_lawsuit_targets_apples_iphone_ipad_in_france.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2011" class="citation web cs1">Meyer, David (September 14, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111224002533/http://www.zdnet.co.uk/blogs/communication-breakdown-10000030/apple-sues-samsung-in-the-uk-over-android-10024342/">"Apple sues Samsung in the UK over Android | ZDNet UK"</a>. Zdnet.co.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.co.uk/blogs/communication-breakdown-10000030/apple-sues-samsung-in-the-uk-over-android-10024342/">the original</a> on 2011-12-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+sues+Samsung+in+the+UK+over+Android+%26%23124%3B+ZDNet+UK&rft.pub=Zdnet.co.uk&rft.date=2011-09-14&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fcommunication-breakdown-10000030%2Fapple-sues-samsung-in-the-uk-over-android-10024342%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assignments.uspto.gov/assignments/q?db=pat&reel=026894&frame=0001">"USPTO Assignments on the Web"</a>. Assignments.uspto.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USPTO+Assignments+on+the+Web&rft.pub=Assignments.uspto.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fassignments.uspto.gov%2Fassignments%2Fq%3Fdb%3Dpat%26reel%3D026894%26frame%3D0001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/09/16/samsung_files_patent_case_against_apple_in_australia_over_iphone_ipad.html">"Samsung fires back at Apple in Australia with countersuit against iPhone, iPad"</a>. Appleinsider.com. 17 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samsung+fires+back+at+Apple+in+Australia+with+countersuit+against+iPhone%2C+iPad&rft.pub=Appleinsider.com&rft.date=2011-09-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appleinsider.com%2Farticles%2F11%2F09%2F16%2Fsamsung_files_patent_case_against_apple_in_australia_over_iphone_ipad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2011/sep11/09-28SamsungPR.mspx">"Microsoft and Samsung Broaden Smartphone Partnership: Agreements mark new initiatives to promote Windows Phone and share intellectual property"</a>. Microsoft.com. September 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Samsung+Broaden+Smartphone+Partnership%3A+Agreements+mark+new+initiatives+to+promote+Windows+Phone+and+share+intellectual+property&rft.pub=Microsoft.com&rft.date=2011-09-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2FPresspass%2Fpress%2F2011%2Fsep11%2F09-28SamsungPR.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.technet.com/b/microsoft_on_the_issues/archive/2011/09/28/our-licensing-deal-with-samsung-how-ip-drives-innovation-and-collaboration.aspx">Our Licensing Deal with Samsung: How IP Drives Innovation and Collaboration - Microsoft on the Issues - Site Home - TechNet Blogs</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorian_Mueller2011" class="citation web cs1">Florian Mueller (September 28, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/09/samsung-takes-android-patent-license.html">"FOSS Patents: Samsung takes Android patent license from Microsoft rather than wait for Motorola"</a>. Fosspatents.blogspot.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FOSS+Patents%3A+Samsung+takes+Android+patent+license+from+Microsoft+rather+than+wait+for+Motorola&rft.pub=Fosspatents.blogspot.com&rft.date=2011-09-28&rft.au=Florian+Mueller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffosspatents.blogspot.com%2F2011%2F09%2Fsamsung-takes-android-patent-license.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macrumors.com/2011/10/12/apple-wins-injunction-blocking-sale-of-galaxy-tab-10-1-in-australia/">"Apple Wins Injunction Blocking Sale of Galaxy Tab 10.1 in Australia"</a>. Mac Rumors. October 12, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Wins+Injunction+Blocking+Sale+of+Galaxy+Tab+10.1+in+Australia&rft.pub=Mac+Rumors&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macrumors.com%2F2011%2F10%2F12%2Fapple-wins-injunction-blocking-sale-of-galaxy-tab-10-1-in-australia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/microsoft-and-quanta-computer-sign-patent-agreement-covering-android-and-chrome-based-devices-131793888.html">"Microsoft and Quanta Computer Sign Patent Agreement Covering Android and Chrome-Based Devices - Redmond, Wash., Oct. 13, 2011 /PRNewswire/"</a> (Press release). Washington: Prnewswire.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+and+Quanta+Computer+Sign+Patent+Agreement+Covering+Android+and+Chrome-Based+Devices+-+Redmond%2C+Wash.%2C+Oct.+13%2C+2011+%2FPRNewswire%2F&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=Prnewswire.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fmicrosoft-and-quanta-computer-sign-patent-agreement-covering-android-and-chrome-based-devices-131793888.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2011/10/13/microsoft-inks-another-android-patent-deal-this-time-with-quanta/">Microsoft Inks Another Android Patent Deal, This Time With Quanta | TechCrunch</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevine2011" class="citation news cs1">Levine, Dan (October 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-apple-samsung-lawsuit-idUSTRE79C79C20111013?feedType=RSS&feedName=businessNews&dlvrit=56943">"U.S. judge says Samsung tablets infringe Apple patents"</a>. Reuters.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+judge+says+Samsung+tablets+infringe+Apple+patents&rft.date=2011-10-13&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-apple-samsung-lawsuit-idUSTRE79C79C20111013%3FfeedType%3DRSS%26feedName%3DbusinessNews%26dlvrit%3D56943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2012/01/17/apple-files-another-german-lawsuit-against-samsung-targets-gala/">"Apple files German lawsuit against Samsung, targets Galaxy S II, nine other smartphones"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 17 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=Apple+files+German+lawsuit+against+Samsung%2C+targets+Galaxy+S+II%2C+nine+other+smartphones&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2012%2F01%2F17%2Fapple-files-another-german-lawsuit-against-samsung-targets-gala%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrid-Aine2012" class="citation news cs1">Brid-Aine, Parnell (March 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/03/07/new_samsung_lawsuit_korea/">"Samsung celebrates iPad 3 day by suing Apple AGAIN"</a>. theregister.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Samsung+celebrates+iPad+3+day+by+suing+Apple+AGAIN&rft.date=2012-03-07&rft.aulast=Brid-Aine&rft.aufirst=Parnell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2012%2F03%2F07%2Fnew_samsung_lawsuit_korea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whittaker, Zach, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/kodak-sues-tells-apple-get-off-our-patents">Kodak sues, tells Apple: 'get off our patents'</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNet" class="mw-redirect" title="CNet">CNet</a>, cnet.com.au, June 20, 2012. Accessed July 30, 2012. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraziano2012" class="citation web cs1">Graziano, Dan (February 10, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bgr.com/2012/02/10/apple-sues-samsung-over-autocorrect-patent/">"Apple sues Samsung over autocorrect patent"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+sues+Samsung+over+autocorrect+patent&rft.date=2012-02-10&rft.aulast=Graziano&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbgr.com%2F2012%2F02%2F10%2Fapple-sues-samsung-over-autocorrect-patent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrodkin2012" class="citation web cs1">Brodkin, Jon (June 23, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2012/06/in-bid-for-patent-sanity-judge-throws-out-entire-applemotorola-case/">"In bid for patent sanity, judge throws out entire Apple/Motorola case"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=In+bid+for+patent+sanity%2C+judge+throws+out+entire+Apple%2FMotorola+case&rft.date=2012-06-23&rft.aulast=Brodkin&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Ftech-policy%2F2012%2F06%2Fin-bid-for-patent-sanity-judge-throws-out-entire-applemotorola-case%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcworld.com/article/258520/samsung_appeals_apple_injunction_against_galaxy_tab.html">"Samsung Appeals Apple Injunction Against Galaxy Tab"</a>. <i>PCWorld</i>. June 28, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCWorld&rft.atitle=Samsung+Appeals+Apple+Injunction+Against+Galaxy+Tab&rft.date=2012-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F258520%2Fsamsung_appeals_apple_injunction_against_galaxy_tab.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcworld.com/article/258624/report_apple_wins_injunction_against_galaxy_nexus.html">"Report: Apple Wins Injunction Against Galaxy Nexus"</a>. <i>PCWorld</i>. June 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCWorld&rft.atitle=Report%3A+Apple+Wins+Injunction+Against+Galaxy+Nexus&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F258624%2Freport_apple_wins_injunction_against_galaxy_nexus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusil" class="citation web cs1">Musil, Steven. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/samsung-appeals-apples-injunction-against-galaxy-nexus/">"Samsung appeals Apple's injunction against Galaxy Nexus"</a>. <i>CNET</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Samsung+appeals+Apple%27s+injunction+against+Galaxy+Nexus&rft.aulast=Musil&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fnews%2Fsamsung-appeals-apples-injunction-against-galaxy-nexus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120703002147/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2188489/googles-nexus-tablet-infringes-nokia-patents">"Google's Nexus 7 tablet infringes Nokia patents | TheINQUIRER"</a>. <i>www.theinquirer.net</i>. July 2, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2188489/googles-nexus-tablet-infringes-nokia-patents">the original</a> on July 3, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theinquirer.net&rft.atitle=Google%27s+Nexus+7+tablet+infringes+Nokia+patents+%26%23124%3B+TheINQUIRER&rft.date=2012-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theinquirer.net%2Finquirer%2Fnews%2F2188489%2Fgoogles-nexus-tablet-infringes-nokia-patents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSouppouris2012" class="citation web cs1">Souppouris, Aaron (July 4, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/7/4/3136922/apple-htc-uk-high-court-patents-invalid">"UK High Court rules three Apple patents invalid, vindicates HTC"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=UK+High+Court+rules+three+Apple+patents+invalid%2C+vindicates+HTC&rft.date=2012-07-04&rft.aulast=Souppouris&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F7%2F4%2F3136922%2Fapple-htc-uk-high-court-patents-invalid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFri2012" class="citation web cs1">Fri, Jul 6th 2012 4:35pm-Mike Masnick (6 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20120705/03281819586/so-its-come-to-this-samsunggoogle-forced-to-degrade-features-patent-dispute.shtml">"And So It's Come To This: Samsung/Google Forced To Degrade Features In Patent Dispute"</a>. <i>Techdirt</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Techdirt.&rft.atitle=And+So+It%27s+Come+To+This%3A+Samsung%2FGoogle+Forced+To+Degrade+Features+In+Patent+Dispute&rft.date=2012-07-06&rft.aulast=Fri&rft.aufirst=Jul+6th+2012+4%3A35pm-Mike+Masnick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techdirt.com%2Farticles%2F20120705%2F03281819586%2Fso-its-come-to-this-samsunggoogle-forced-to-degrade-features-patent-dispute.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2012/07/06/itu-wants-to-bring-smartphone-makers-to-peace-talks/">"ITU wants to bring smartphone makers to peace talks, hash out patent wars"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 6 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=ITU+wants+to+bring+smartphone+makers+to+peace+talks%2C+hash+out+patent+wars&rft.date=2012-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2012%2F07%2F06%2Fitu-wants-to-bring-smartphone-makers-to-peace-talks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2012/07/09/uk-judge-says-galaxy-tab-not-as-cool-as-ipad-awards-samsung-w/">"UK Judge says Galaxy Tab 'not as cool' as iPad, awards Samsung win in design suit"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 9 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=UK+Judge+says+Galaxy+Tab+%27not+as+cool%27+as+iPad%2C+awards+Samsung+win+in+design+suit&rft.date=2012-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2012%2F07%2F09%2Fuk-judge-says-galaxy-tab-not-as-cool-as-ipad-awards-samsung-w%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez2012" class="citation news cs1">Rodriguez, Salvador (July 10, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-google-chrome-emg-technology-20120710,0,1089802.story">"EMG Technology sues Google over its Chrome mobile Web browser"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=EMG+Technology+sues+Google+over+its+Chrome+mobile+Web+browser&rft.date=2012-07-10&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Salvador&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology%2Fla-fi-tn-google-chrome-emg-technology-20120710%2C0%2C1089802.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pri.org/stories/2012-07-14/blackberry-maker-rim-ordered-pay-147-million-patent-lawsuit">"Blackberry maker RIM ordered to pay $147 million in patent lawsuit"</a>. <i>Public Radio International</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Radio+International&rft.atitle=Blackberry+maker+RIM+ordered+to+pay+%24147+million+in+patent+lawsuit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pri.org%2Fstories%2F2012-07-14%2Fblackberry-maker-rim-ordered-pay-147-million-patent-lawsuit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElmer2012" class="citation news cs1">Elmer, Philip (2012-07-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2012/07/18/apple-granted-the-mother-of-all-smartphone-software-patents/">"Apple granted 'the mother of all smartphone software patents' - Apple 2.0 -Fortune Tech"</a>. Tech.fortune.cnn.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Apple+granted+%27the+mother+of+all+smartphone+software+patents%27+-+Apple+2.0+-Fortune+Tech&rft.date=2012-07-18&rft.aulast=Elmer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftech.fortune.cnn.com%2F2012%2F07%2F18%2Fapple-granted-the-mother-of-all-smartphone-software-patents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraziano2012" class="citation web cs1">Graziano, Dan (2012-07-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/apple-wins-mother-smartphone-software-patents-could-spell-201538837.html">"Apple wins 'mother of all smartphone software patents' – could spell trouble for Android - Yahoo News"</a>. News.yahoo.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+wins+%27mother+of+all+smartphone+software+patents%27+%E2%80%93+could+spell+trouble+for+Android+-+Yahoo+News&rft.pub=News.yahoo.com&rft.date=2012-07-18&rft.aulast=Graziano&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fapple-wins-mother-smartphone-software-patents-could-spell-201538837.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiegerman" class="citation web cs1">Fiegerman, Seth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bloomberg-apple-must-post-notice-online-in-uk-saying-samsung-didnt-copy-ipad-2012-7">"A UK Judge Is Forcing Apple To Publish On Its Website That Samsung Didn't Copy Apple"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=A+UK+Judge+Is+Forcing+Apple+To+Publish+On+Its+Website+That+Samsung+Didn%27t+Copy+Apple&rft.aulast=Fiegerman&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fbloomberg-apple-must-post-notice-online-in-uk-saying-samsung-didnt-copy-ipad-2012-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-07-18/apple-must-publish-notice-samsung-didn-t-copy-ipad-judge-says.html">"Apple Must Publish Notice Samsung Didn't Copy IPad in U.K"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Apple+Must+Publish+Notice+Samsung+Didn%27t+Copy+IPad+in+U.K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2012-07-18%2Fapple-must-publish-notice-samsung-didn-t-copy-ipad-judge-says.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140110090127/http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=25208">"Apple Forced by UK to Print Public Apologies to Samsung for Design Theft Accusations"</a>. DailyTech. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=25208">the original</a> on 2014-01-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Forced+by+UK+to+Print+Public+Apologies+to+Samsung+for+Design+Theft+Accusations&rft.pub=DailyTech&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytech.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Fnewsid%3D25208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlagdon2012" class="citation web cs1">Blagdon, Jeff (July 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/7/27/3192900/microsoft-motorola-fat-patent-germany-decision">"Motorola Android devices banned in Germany for infringing Microsoft's FAT patent"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Motorola+Android+devices+banned+in+Germany+for+infringing+Microsoft%27s+FAT+patent&rft.date=2012-07-27&rft.aulast=Blagdon&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F7%2F27%2F3192900%2Fmicrosoft-motorola-fat-patent-germany-decision&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorman2012" class="citation web cs1">Gorman, Michael (25 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2012/08/25/breaking-down-apples-1-billion-courtroom-victory-over-samsung/">"Breaking down Apple's $1 billion courtroom victory over Samsung"</a>. Engadget.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Breaking+down+Apple%27s+%241+billion+courtroom+victory+over+Samsung&rft.pub=Engadget.com&rft.date=2012-08-25&rft.aulast=Gorman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2012%2F08%2F25%2Fbreaking-down-apples-1-billion-courtroom-victory-over-samsung%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-techcrunch.com-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-techcrunch.com_123-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-techcrunch.com_123-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/24/apple-wins-patent-ruling-as-jury-finds-samsung-infringes/">"Apple Awarded $1.049 Billion In Damages As Jury Finds Samsung Infringed On Design And Software Patents"</a>. TechCrunch. 2012-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Awarded+%241.049+Billion+In+Damages+As+Jury+Finds+Samsung+Infringed+On+Design+And+Software+Patents&rft.pub=TechCrunch&rft.date=2012-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2012%2F08%2F24%2Fapple-wins-patent-ruling-as-jury-finds-samsung-infringes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.networkworld.com/community/node/81286">"Apple emerges victorious in legal battle with Samsung; Jury awards damages of $1.05 billion"</a>. Networkworld.com. 2012-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+emerges+victorious+in+legal+battle+with+Samsung%3B+Jury+awards+damages+of+%241.05+billion&rft.pub=Networkworld.com&rft.date=2012-08-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.networkworld.com%2Fcommunity%2Fnode%2F81286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabuchiWingfield2012" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hiroko_Tabuchi" title="Hiroko Tabuchi">Tabuchi, Hiroko</a>; Wingfield, Nick (August 31, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/01/technology/in-japan-a-setback-for-apples-patent-fight.html?_r=0">"Samsung Wins a Patent Case Over Apple in Japan"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Samsung+Wins+a+Patent+Case+Over+Apple+in+Japan&rft.date=2012-08-31&rft.aulast=Tabuchi&rft.aufirst=Hiroko&rft.au=Wingfield%2C+Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F09%2F01%2Ftechnology%2Fin-japan-a-setback-for-apples-patent-fight.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitney2014" class="citation web cs1">Whitney, Lance (2014-03-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57530570-37/appeals-court-nixes-a-galaxy-nexus-ban-requested-by-apple/">"Appeals court nixes a Galaxy Nexus ban requested by Apple - CNET"</a>. News.cnet.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appeals+court+nixes+a+Galaxy+Nexus+ban+requested+by+Apple+-+CNET&rft.pub=News.cnet.com&rft.date=2014-03-13&rft.aulast=Whitney&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnet.com%2F8301-13579_3-57530570-37%2Fappeals-court-nixes-a-galaxy-nexus-ban-requested-by-apple%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEisenhammer2012" class="citation news cs1">Eisenhammer, Stephen (October 18, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-apple-samsung-idUSBRE89H0DW20121018">"Apple loses tablet copyright appeal against Samsung"</a>. Reuters<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Apple+loses+tablet+copyright+appeal+against+Samsung&rft.date=2012-10-18&rft.aulast=Eisenhammer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-apple-samsung-idUSBRE89H0DW20121018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20121023/11134820802/oh-sure-now-patent-office-realizes-apples-rubberbanding-patent-is-both-obvious-not-new.shtml">"Oh Sure, Now The Patent Office Realizes Apple's 'Rubberbanding' Patent Is Both Obvious And Not New"</a>. Techdirt. 2012-10-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oh+Sure%2C+Now+The+Patent+Office+Realizes+Apple%27s+%27Rubberbanding%27+Patent+Is+Both+Obvious+And+Not+New&rft.pub=Techdirt&rft.date=2012-10-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techdirt.com%2Farticles%2F20121023%2F11134820802%2Foh-sure-now-patent-office-realizes-apples-rubberbanding-patent-is-both-obvious-not-new.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fosspatents.com/2012/10/patent-office-tentatively-invalidates.html">"Patent office tentatively invalidates Apple's rubber-banding patent used in Samsung trial"</a>. <i>FOSS Patents</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FOSS+Patents&rft.atitle=Patent+office+tentatively+invalidates+Apple%27s+rubber-banding+patent+used+in+Samsung+trial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fosspatents.com%2F2012%2F10%2Fpatent-office-tentatively-invalidates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevine2012" class="citation news cs1">Levine, Dan (November 6, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/net-us-google-patent-idUSBRE8A419M20121106">"U.S. judge tosses Apple vs. Google lawsuit over patents"</a>. Reuters<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+judge+tosses+Apple+vs.+Google+lawsuit+over+patents&rft.date=2012-11-06&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fnet-us-google-patent-idUSBRE8A419M20121106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGustin2012" class="citation news cs1">Gustin, Sam (2012-11-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.time.com/2012/11/12/patent-perestroika-what-apple-and-htcs-landmark-pact-means-for-the-patent-wars/?xid=gonewsedit&google_editors_picks=true">"Patent Progress: What Apple and HTC's Landmark Pact Means for the Patent Wars"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Patent+Progress%3A+What+Apple+and+HTC%27s+Landmark+Pact+Means+for+the+Patent+Wars&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.time.com%2F2012%2F11%2F12%2Fpatent-perestroika-what-apple-and-htcs-landmark-pact-means-for-the-patent-wars%2F%3Fxid%3Dgonewsedit%26google_editors_picks%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitchard2012" class="citation web cs1">Fitchard, Kevin (November 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121128180549/http://gigaom.com/mobile/samsung-gets-it-from-all-sides-ericsson-files-patent-suit/">"Samsung gets it from all sides"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GigaOM" class="mw-redirect" title="GigaOM">GigaOM</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gigaom.com/mobile/samsung-gets-it-from-all-sides-ericsson-files-patent-suit/">the original</a> on November 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samsung+gets+it+from+all+sides.&rft.pub=GigaOM&rft.date=2012-11-27&rft.aulast=Fitchard&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgigaom.com%2Fmobile%2Fsamsung-gets-it-from-all-sides-ericsson-files-patent-suit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnington2012" class="citation news cs1">Bonnington, Christina (December 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2012/12/jobs-patent-tentatively-invalid/">"Preliminary Patent Office Ruling Invalidates Apple's 'Steve Jobs Patent'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired magazine">Wired magazine</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired+magazine&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Patent+Office+Ruling+Invalidates+Apple%27s+%27Steve+Jobs+Patent%27&rft.date=2012-12-07&rft.aulast=Bonnington&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fgadgetlab%2F2012%2F12%2Fjobs-patent-tentatively-invalid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrent_Kendall2012" class="citation news cs1">Brent Kendall (December 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324296604578177741309989084">"Apple Loses Patent Case to Licensing Firm"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Apple+Loses+Patent+Case+to+Licensing+Firm&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft.au=Brent+Kendall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424127887324296604578177741309989084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/fullscreen/117196813?access_key=key-1hfpca709cw6tbjlfb7d">"Scribd"</a>. <i>Scribd</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scribd&rft.atitle=Scribd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Ffullscreen%2F117196813%3Faccess_key%3Dkey-1hfpca709cw6tbjlfb7d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHyunjoo_JinRobert_Birsel2012" class="citation web cs1">Hyunjoo Jin; Robert Birsel (December 26, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/news/samsung-elec-seeks-u-sales-005657687.html">"Samsung Elec seeks U.S. sales ban on some Ericsson products"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo" title="Yahoo">Yahoo</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samsung+Elec+seeks+U.S.+sales+ban+on+some+Ericsson+products&rft.pub=Yahoo&rft.date=2012-12-26&rft.au=Hyunjoo+Jin&rft.au=Robert+Birsel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinance.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fsamsung-elec-seeks-u-sales-005657687.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-digitaltrends1-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitaltrends1_137-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/apple-vs-samsung-patent-war-timeline/#!C4hKQ">"Apple vs. Samsung: Our Complete Patent Court Battle Timeline"</a>. Digital Trends. 4 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+vs.+Samsung%3A+Our+Complete+Patent+Court+Battle+Timeline&rft.pub=Digital+Trends&rft.date=2014-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitaltrends.com%2Fmobile%2Fapple-vs-samsung-patent-war-timeline%2F%23%21C4hKQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDan_Levine2013" class="citation news cs1">Dan Levine (October 31, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-rockstar-lawsuit-idUSBRE99U1EN20131031">"Google, Samsung, Huawei sued over Nortel patents"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Google%2C+Samsung%2C+Huawei+sued+over+Nortel+patents&rft.date=2013-10-31&rft.au=Dan+Levine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-google-rockstar-lawsuit-idUSBRE99U1EN20131031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoe_Mullin2013" class="citation web cs1">Joe Mullin (November 1, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/10/patent-war-goes-nuclear-microsoft-apple-owned-rockstar-sues-google/">"Patent war goes nuclear: Microsoft, Apple-owned "Rockstar" sues Google"</a>. Ars Technica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Patent+war+goes+nuclear%3A+Microsoft%2C+Apple-owned+%22Rockstar%22+sues+Google&rft.pub=Ars+Technica&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.au=Joe+Mullin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Ftech-policy%2F2013%2F10%2Fpatent-war-goes-nuclear-microsoft-apple-owned-rockstar-sues-google%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichelle_Meyers2013" class="citation web cs1">Michelle Meyers (26 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57616278-93/google-fights-back-against-rockstar-patent-group/">"Google fights back against Rockstar patent group"</a>. CNET.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+fights+back+against+Rockstar+patent+group&rft.pub=CNET&rft.date=2013-12-26&rft.au=Michelle+Meyers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnet.com%2F8301-1023_3-57616278-93%2Fgoogle-fights-back-against-rockstar-patent-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cheng2014" class="citation news cs1">Roger Cheng (February 7, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57618575-94/giving-peace-a-chance-htc-nokia-settle-lawsuits-in-patent-deal/">"Giving peace a chance: HTC, Nokia settle suits in patent deal"</a>. CNET<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Giving+peace+a+chance%3A+HTC%2C+Nokia+settle+suits+in+patent+deal&rft.date=2014-02-07&rft.au=Roger+Cheng&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnet.com%2F8301-1035_3-57618575-94%2Fgiving-peace-a-chance-htc-nokia-settle-lawsuits-in-patent-deal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pacermonitor.com/view/2JGAT5Q/Ericsson_Inc_et_al_v_Apple_Inc__txedce-15-00017__0001.0.pdf">"Complaint"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PacerMonitor</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PacerMonitor&rft.atitle=Complaint&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pacermonitor.com%2Fview%2F2JGAT5Q%2FEricsson_Inc_et_al_v_Apple_Inc__txedce-15-00017__0001.0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-microsoft-kyocera-lawsuit-idUSKBN0M303020150307">Microsoft sues Kyocera over cell phones, seeks U.S. injunction</a>, Reuters</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2016" class="citation web cs1">Mann, Ronald (6 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotusblog.com/2016/12/opinion-analysis-justices-tread-narrow-path-in-rejecting-400-million-award-for-samsungs-infringement-of-apples-cellphone-design-patents/#more-249662">"Opinion analysis: Justices tread narrow path in rejecting $400 million award for Samsung's infringement of Apple's cellphone design patents"</a>. <i>SCOTUS Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SCOTUS+Blog&rft.atitle=Opinion+analysis%3A+Justices+tread+narrow+path+in+rejecting+%24400+million+award+for+Samsung%27s+infringement+of+Apple%27s+cellphone+design+patents&rft.date=2016-12-06&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotusblog.com%2F2016%2F12%2Fopinion-analysis-justices-tread-narrow-path-in-rejecting-400-million-award-for-samsungs-infringement-of-apples-cellphone-design-patents%2F%23more-249662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ei.com/economists-ink/summer-2017/iwncomm-v-sony-recent-development-frand-litigation-china/">"IWNCOMM v. Sony: Recent Development in FRAND Litigation in China"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IWNCOMM+v.+Sony%3A+Recent+Development+in+FRAND+Litigation+in+China&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fei.com%2Feconomists-ink%2Fsummer-2017%2Fiwncomm-v-sony-recent-development-frand-litigation-china%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228192400/https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=195043c8-52ba-4b52-a8c1-6b087490d523">"Iwncomm v. Sony: first SEP-based injunction granted in China | Lexology"</a>. <i>www.lexology.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=195043c8-52ba-4b52-a8c1-6b087490d523">the original</a> on 2019-02-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lexology.com&rft.atitle=Iwncomm+v.+Sony%3A+first+SEP-based+injunction+granted+in+China+%26%23124%3B+Lexology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexology.com%2Flibrary%2Fdetail.aspx%3Fg%3D195043c8-52ba-4b52-a8c1-6b087490d523&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228192243/https://trustinip.com/no-exhaustion-doctrine-for-method-of-use-patents-iwncomm-v-sony-decision-in-china/">"No exhaustion doctrine for "method-of-use" patents – Iwncomm v. Sony decision in China"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trustinip.com/no-exhaustion-doctrine-for-method-of-use-patents-iwncomm-v-sony-decision-in-china/">the original</a> on 2019-02-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No+exhaustion+doctrine+for+%22method-of-use%22+patents+%E2%80%93+Iwncomm+v.+Sony+decision+in+China&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrustinip.com%2Fno-exhaustion-doctrine-for-method-of-use-patents-iwncomm-v-sony-decision-in-china%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMueller" class="citation web cs1">Mueller, Eingestellt von Florian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fosspatents.com/2018/04/samsung-obtains-us-antisuit-injunction.html">"Samsung obtains U.S. antisuit injunction barring Huawei from enforcing two Chinese SEP injunctions"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samsung+obtains+U.S.+antisuit+injunction+barring+Huawei+from+enforcing+two+Chinese+SEP+injunctions&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Eingestellt+von+Florian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fosspatents.com%2F2018%2F04%2Fsamsung-obtains-us-antisuit-injunction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.right2work.net/2019/02/26/samsung-huawei-settle-two-year-old-patent-dispute-cnet/">"Motion For Stay"</a>. <i>CNET</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Motion+For+Stay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.right2work.net%2F2019%2F02%2F26%2Fsamsung-huawei-settle-two-year-old-patent-dispute-cnet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASmartphone+patent+wars" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mobile_phones" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mobile_phones" title="Template:Mobile phones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mobile_phones" title="Template talk:Mobile phones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile_phones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile phones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mobile_phones" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">Mobile phones</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Mobile<br />networks</a>,<br />protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_capacity" title="Channel capacity">Channel capacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_frequencies" title="Cellular frequencies">Frequencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-band_device" title="Multi-band device">Multi-band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_operator" title="Mobile phone operator">Network operator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_network_operators" title="List of mobile network operators">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaming" title="Roaming">Roaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_signal" title="Mobile phone signal">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIM_card" title="SIM card">SIM card</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dual_SIM" title="Dual SIM">dual SIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESIM" title="ESIM">eSIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIM_lock" title="SIM lock">SIM lock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_mobile_phone_standards" title="Comparison of mobile phone standards">Standards comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethering" title="Tethering">Tethering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_VoIP" title="Mobile VoIP">VoIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol" title="Wireless Application Protocol">WAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XHTML_Mobile_Profile" title="XHTML Mobile Profile">XHTML-MP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_phone_generations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mobile phone generations">Generations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Analogue</b>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_radio_telephone" title="Mobile radio telephone">0G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1G" title="1G">1G</a></li> <li><b>Digital</b>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2G" title="2G">2G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3G_adoption" title="3G adoption">adoption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Packet_Access" title="High Speed Packet Access">3.5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4G" title="4G">4G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LTE_Advanced_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="LTE Advanced Pro">4.5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5G" title="5G">5G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6G" title="6G">6G</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />operation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_feature" title="Mobile phone feature">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GSM_services" title="GSM services">services</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">Operating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_security" title="Mobile security">Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phone_cloning" title="Phone cloning">phone cloning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Telephony</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airplane_mode" title="Airplane mode">airplane mode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_messaging" title="Text messaging">Text messaging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Short_Message_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Message Service">SMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Messaging_Service" title="Multimedia Messaging Service">MMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Communication_Services" title="Rich Communication Services">RCS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_spam" title="Mobile phone spam">Spam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_tracking" title="Mobile phone tracking">Tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_web" title="Mobile web">Web browsing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">Mobile<br />devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_phone_manufacturers" title="Category:Mobile phone manufacturers">Manufacturers</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D-enabled_mobile_phones" title="List of 3D-enabled mobile phones">3D phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_phone" title="Camera phone">Camera phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_phone" title="Car phone">Car phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_phone" title="Feature phone">Feature phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projector_phone" title="Projector phone">Projector phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Satellite phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Form factors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Bar" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamshell_design" title="Clamshell design">Flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phablet" title="Phablet">Phablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Slider" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_factor_(mobile_phones)#Slate" title="Form factor (mobile phones)">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartwatch" title="Smartwatch">Smartwatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foldable_smartphone" title="Foldable smartphone">Fold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_smartphones" title="Comparison of smartphones">Smartphones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android devices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">rooting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10#Devices" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS_jailbreaking" title="IOS jailbreaking">iOS jailbreaking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-source_mobile_phones" title="List of open-source mobile phones">Open-source mobile phones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Symbian_devices" title="Comparison of Symbian devices">Symbian devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Windows_phones" title="List of Windows phones">Windows Phone devices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mobile<br />specific<br /><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">Apps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_app_development" title="Mobile app development">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_application_management" title="Mobile application management">Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_cloud_computing" title="Mobile cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_commerce" title="Mobile commerce">Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_banking" title="Mobile banking">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_marketing" title="Mobile marketing">Marketing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_advertising" title="Mobile advertising">advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_campaign" title="Mobile campaign">campaigns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_payment" title="Mobile payment">Payments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contactless_payment" title="Contactless payment">contactless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_donating" title="Mobile donating">donating</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_ticketing" title="Mobile ticketing">Ticketing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_content" title="Mobile content">Content</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_blogging" title="Mobile blogging">Blogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_email" title="Push email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_gambling" title="Mobile gambling">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game">Gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MHealth" title="MHealth">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-learning" title="M-learning">Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_music" title="Mobile music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_news" title="Mobile news">News</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_search&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile search (page does not exist)">Search</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_local_search" title="Mobile local search">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_social_network" title="Mobile social network">Social</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_social_address_book" title="Mobile social address book">address book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_television" title="Mobile television">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_phone_culture" title="Category:Mobile phone culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_breaker" title="Box breaker">Box breaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_charm" title="Mobile phone charm">Charms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_comic" title="Mobile comic">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_dating" title="Mobile dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_mobile_phone_culture" title="Japanese mobile phone culture">Japanese culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_phone_novel" title="Cell phone novel">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringtone" title="Ringtone">Ringtones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silent_mode" title="Silent mode">silent mode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfie" title="Selfie">Selfie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMS_language" title="SMS language">Txt-spk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallpaper_(computing)" title="Wallpaper (computing)">Wallpaper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment<br />and health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Quervain_syndrome" title="De Quervain syndrome">BlackBerry thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_and_driving_safety" title="Mobile phones and driving safety">Driving safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_waste" title="Electronic waste">Electronic waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_external_power_supply" title="Common external power supply">External power supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media_use_and_mental_health" title="Digital media use and mental health">Mental health from overuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_vibration_syndrome" title="Phantom vibration syndrome">Phantom vibration syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_device_radiation_and_health" title="Wireless device radiation and health">Radiation and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone_recycling" title="Mobile phone recycling">Recycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_IQ" title="Carrier IQ">Carrier IQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_recording_by_civilians" title="Legality of recording by civilians">Legality of recording by civilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_in_prison" title="Mobile phones in prison">Mobile phones in prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_and_the_law" title="Photography and the law">Photography and the law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_tapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone tapping">Telephone tapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texting_while_driving" title="Texting while driving">Texting while driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restrictions_on_cell_phone_use_while_driving_in_the_United_States" title="Restrictions on cell phone use while driving in the United States">USA use restrictions while driving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/28px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/42px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/56px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/28px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/42px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/56px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_telecommunications" title="Category:Mobile telecommunications">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mobile_operating_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Template:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Template talk:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mobile_operating_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">Mobile operating systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_mobile_operating_systems" title="Comparison of mobile operating systems">Mobile OS comparisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-source_mobile_phones" title="List of open-source mobile phones">Open-source mobile phones / OSes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" title="Open Handset Alliance">Open Handset Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Mobile_Alliance" title="Open Mobile Alliance">Open Mobile Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">Mobile app distributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_app_development" title="Mobile app development">Mobile app development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linux</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linux_Kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux Kernel">Linux Kernel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Android Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a>/<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a> (Linux kernel subsystem)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS_Flex" class="mw-redirect" title="ChromeOS Flex">ChromeOS Flex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMD_Global#Smart_Feature_OS" title="HMD Global">Smart Feature OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle firmware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LuneOS" title="LuneOS">LuneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maemo#Maemo_Leste" title="Maemo">Maemo Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bada_(operating_system)" title="Bada (operating system)">Bada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B2G_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="B2G OS">B2G OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MontaVista" title="MontaVista">MontaVista</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MotoMagx" title="MotoMagx">MotoMagx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilinux" title="Mobilinux">Mobilinux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEmbedded" title="OpenEmbedded">OpenEmbedded</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85ngstr%C3%B6m_distribution" title="Ångström distribution">Ångström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Openmoko_Linux" title="Openmoko Linux">Openmoko Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QtMoko" class="mw-redirect" title="QtMoko">QtMoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHR_(operating_system)" title="SHR (operating system)">SHR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEZX" title="OpenEZX">OpenEZX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebOS" title="WebOS">WebOS</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a>/<a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora Mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro ARM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PostmarketOS" title="PostmarketOS">postmarketOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UBports" class="mw-redirect" title="UBports">UBports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobian" title="Mobian">Mobian</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mer_(software_distribution)" title="Mer (software distribution)">Mer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moblin" title="Moblin">Moblin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/XNU" title="XNU">XNU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchOS" title="WatchOS">watchOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BridgeOS" title="BridgeOS">bridgeOS</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/QNX" title="QNX">QNX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS" title="BlackBerry Tablet OS">BlackBerry Tablet OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft<br />Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_editions#Tablet_PC_Edition" title="Windows XP editions">Windows XP Tablet PC Edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8" title="Windows Phone 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">8.1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">Windows RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zircon_(microkernel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zircon (microkernel)">Zircon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuchsia_(operating_system)" title="Fuchsia (operating system)">Fuchsia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>/<a href="/wiki/NetBSD" title="NetBSD">NetBSD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vita_system_software" title="PlayStation Vita system software">PlayStation Vita system software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony" title="OpenHarmony">OpenHarmony</a>/<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS_NEXT" title="HarmonyOS NEXT">HarmonyOS NEXT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony" title="OpenHarmony">OpenHarmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a> (<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS_NEXT" title="HarmonyOS NEXT">HarmonyOS NEXT</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a> (Non GMS based)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></li> <li>Huawei Band OS</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FreeRTOS" title="FreeRTOS">FreeRTOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Amazfit OS <ul><li>Zepp OS</li></ul></li> <li>MIUI Band OS</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo system software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_3DS_system_software" title="Nintendo 3DS system software">Nintendo 3DS system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_DSi_system_software" title="Nintendo DSi system software">Nintendo DSi system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Switch_system_software" title="Nintendo Switch system software">Nintendo Switch system software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minix_3" title="Minix 3">Minix 3</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Management_Engine" title="Intel Management Engine">Intel Management Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian">Symbian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">S80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_90_(software_platform)" title="Series 90 (software platform)">S90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_Runtime_Environment_for_Wireless" title="Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless">Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless</a> (BREW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_OS" title="BlackBerry OS">BlackBerry OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GEOS_(16-bit_operating_system)" title="GEOS (16-bit operating system)">GEOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Cap" title="Magic Cap">Magic Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_Asha_platform" title="Nokia Asha platform">Nokia Asha platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PalmDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="PalmDOS">PalmDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable_system_software" title="PlayStation Portable system software">PlayStation Portable system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_30" title="Series 30">S30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_30%2B" title="Series 30+">S30+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_40" title="Series 40">S40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Java_Platform" title="Sony Ericsson Java Platform">Sony Ericsson Java Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThreadX" title="ThreadX">ThreadX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Category:Mobile operating systems">Mobile operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_applications" title="Category:Mobile applications">Mobile applications</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Software">Software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunications" title="Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunications" title="Template talk:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Telecommunications" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beacon#For_defensive_communications" title="Beacon">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" title="History of broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_protection_system" title="Cable protection system">Cable protection system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite#History" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network#History" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">video</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">Digital media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_video" title="Internet video">Internet video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">online video platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drums_in_communication" title="Drums in communication">Drums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" title="Edholm's law">Edholm's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_telegraph#History" title="Electrical telegraph">Electrical telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fax#History" title="Fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliograph#History" title="Heliograph">Heliographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph#Greek_hydraulic_semaphore_system" title="Hydraulic telegraph">Hydraulic telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Information revolution">Information revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media#History" title="Mass media">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">Mobile phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_communication" title="Optical communication">Optical telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_telegraph" title="Optical telegraph">Optical telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">Pager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photophone" title="Photophone">Photophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" title="History of prepaid mobile phones">Prepaid mobile phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_radio" title="History of radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">Radiotelephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaphore" title="Semaphore">Semaphore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phryctoria" title="Phryctoria">Phryctoria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_device" title="Semiconductor device">device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" title="History of the transistor">transistor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_signal" title="Smoke signal">Smoke signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">Telecommunications history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telautograph" title="Telautograph">Telautograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">Telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">Teleprinter</a> (teletype)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telephone" title="History of the telephone">Telephone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telephone_Cases" title="The Telephone Cases">The Telephone Cases</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable#Early_history:_telegraph_and_coaxial_cables" title="Submarine communications cable">Undersea telegraph line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" title="History of videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">Whistled language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless revolution">Wireless revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)">Nasir Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Howard_Armstrong" title="Edwin Howard Armstrong">Edwin Howard Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Logie_Baird" title="John Logie Baird">John Logie Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Blake_(inventor)" title="Francis Blake (inventor)">Francis Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose" title="Jagadish Chandra Bose">Jagadish Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bourseul" title="Charles Bourseul">Charles Bourseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Chappe" title="Claude Chappe">Claude Chappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogen_Dalal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogen Dalal">Yogen Dalal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Davis_Jr." title="Daniel Davis Jr.">Daniel Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Dolbear" title="Amos Dolbear">Amos Dolbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Fessenden" title="Reginald Fessenden">Reginald Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Gray" title="Elisha Gray">Elisha Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Oliver Heaviside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Robert Hooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" title="Erna Schneider Hoover">Erna Schneider Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)">Harold Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardiner_Greene_Hubbard" title="Gardiner Greene Hubbard">Gardiner Greene Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" title="Dawon Kahng">Dawon Kahng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Landell_de_Moura" title="Roberto Landell de Moura">Roberto Landell de Moura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" title="Innocenzo Manzetti">Innocenzo Manzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Meucci" title="Antonio Meucci">Antonio Meucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun-ichi_Nishizawa" title="Jun-ichi Nishizawa">Jun-ichi Nishizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stepanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Stepanovich Popov">Alexander Stepanovich Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivadar_Pusk%C3%A1s" title="Tivadar Puskás">Tivadar Puskás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Philipp_Reis" title="Johann Philipp Reis">Johann Philipp Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almon_Brown_Strowger" title="Almon Brown Strowger">Almon Brown Strowger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" title="Henry Sutton (inventor)">Henry Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner_Tainter" title="Charles Sumner Tainter">Charles Sumner Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Tissot" title="Camille Tissot">Camille Tissot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Vail" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_K._Zworykin" title="Vladimir K. Zworykin">Vladimir K. Zworykin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_medium" title="Transmission medium">Transmission<br />media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">Coaxial cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-space_optical_communication" title="Free-space optical communication">Free-space optical communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_communication" title="Molecular communication">Molecular communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">Radio waves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">Transmission line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" title="Telecommunication circuit">telecommunication circuit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Network_topology" title="Network topology">Network topology</a><br />and switching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">Bandwidth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_link" title="Telecommunications link">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node_(networking)" title="Node (networking)">Nodes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" title="Terminal (telecommunication)">terminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_switch" title="Network switch">Network switching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_switching" title="Circuit switching">circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_exchange" title="Telephone exchange">Telephone exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space-division_multiple_access" title="Space-division multiple access">Space-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Frequency-division multiplexing">Frequency-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-division_multiplexing" title="Time-division multiplexing">Time-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" title="Polarization-division multiplexing">Polarization-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing">Orbital angular-momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-division_multiple_access" title="Code-division multiple access">Code-division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Communication protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_communication" title="Data communication">Data transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_and_forward" title="Store and forward">Store and forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_equipment" title="Telecommunications equipment">Telecommunications equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Types of network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Cellular network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Services_Digital_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Services Digital Network">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">LAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next-generation_network" title="Next-generation network">NGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">Public Switched Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_network" title="Radio network">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Television broadcasting">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">Telex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">WAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">Wireless network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Notable networks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CYCLADES" title="CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2">Internet2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPL_network" title="NPL network">NPL network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasternet" title="Toasternet">Toasternet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Africa" title="Category:Telecommunications in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li>Americas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_North_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in North America">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_South_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in South America">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_in_Antarctica" title="Category:Communications in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Asia" title="Category:Telecommunications in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Category:Telecommunications in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Oceania" title="Category:Telecommunications in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies" title="List of telecommunications regulatory bodies">Global telecommunications regulation bodies</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/16px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/24px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/32px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" title="Category:Telecommunications">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_telecommunication" title="Outline of telecommunication">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Google_litigation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_litigation" title="Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_litigation" title="Template talk:Google litigation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_litigation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Google_litigation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Google litigation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Google" title="Criticism of Google">Criticism of Google</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advertising</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Feldman_v._Google,_Inc." title="Feldman v. Google, Inc.">Feldman v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc." title="Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.">Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc." title="Goddard v. Google, Inc.">Goddard v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_Stone_Ltd._v._Google,_Inc." title="Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.">Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc." title="Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.">Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedi_Blue" title="Jedi Blue">Jedi Blue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antitrust</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antitrust_cases_against_Google_by_the_European_Union" title="Antitrust cases against Google by the European Union">European Union</a> (2010–present)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation" title="High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation">United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Umar_Javeed,_Sukarma_Thapar,_Aaqib_Javeed_vs._Google_LLC_and_Ors." title="Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.">Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2020)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2020)">United States v. Google LLC</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2023)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2023)">United States v. Google LLC</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intellectual property</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc." title="Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.">Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.</a> and A9.com Inc. and Google Inc.</i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viacom_International_Inc._v._YouTube,_Inc." title="Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.">Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lenz_v._Universal_Music_Corp." title="Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.">Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.</a></i>(2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._Google,_Inc." title="Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.">Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Field_v._Google,_Inc." title="Field v. Google, Inc.">Field v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Smartphone patent wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Bank_v._Google,_Inc." title="Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.">Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hibnick_v._Google,_Inc." title="Hibnick v. Google, Inc.">Hibnick v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_Inc." title="United States v. Google Inc.">United States v. Google Inc.</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_the_German_Federal_Court_of_Justice_on_Google%27s_autocomplete_function" title="Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function">Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function</a> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joffe_v._Google,_Inc." title="Joffe v. Google, Inc.">Joffe v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mosley_v_SARL_Google" title="Mosley v SARL Google">Mosley v SARL Google</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González">Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frank_v._Gaos" title="Frank v. Gaos">Frank v. Gaos</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Garcia_v._Google,_Inc." title="Garcia v. Google, Inc.">Garcia v. Google, Inc.</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v_Defteros" title="Google LLC v Defteros">Google LLC v Defteros</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google" title="Epic Games v. Google">Epic Games v. Google</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonzalez_v._Google_LLC" title="Gonzalez v. Google LLC">Gonzalez v. Google LLC</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Google_litigation" title="Category:Google litigation">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&oldid=1257950079">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&oldid=1257950079</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Category:Smartphone patent wars">Smartphone patent wars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Smartphones" title="Category:Smartphones">Smartphones</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._litigation" title="Category:Apple Inc. litigation">Apple Inc. litigation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Google_litigation" title="Category:Google litigation">Google litigation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Discovery_and_invention_controversies" title="Category:Discovery and invention controversies">Discovery and invention controversies</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_June_2017" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from June 2017">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from June 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating">All Wikipedia articles in need of updating</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_cleanup_from_February_2013" title="Category:Articles needing cleanup from February 2013">Articles needing cleanup from February 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_cleanup" title="Category:All pages needing cleanup">All pages needing cleanup</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_sections_that_need_to_be_turned_into_prose_from_February_2013" title="Category:Articles with sections that need to be turned into prose from February 2013">Articles with sections that need to be turned into prose from February 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues" title="Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues">Articles with multiple maintenance issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2012" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Incomplete_lists_from_November_2013" title="Category:Incomplete lists from November 2013">Incomplete lists from November 2013</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 10:41<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smartphone_patent_wars&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-6f8kn","wgBackendResponseTime":188,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.039","walltime":"1.343","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6558,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":302473,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8831,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":415283,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1031.285 1 -total"," 50.57% 521.560 1 Template:Reflist"," 33.49% 345.360 77 Template:Cite_web"," 18.82% 194.084 8 Template:Navbox"," 15.62% 161.043 1 Template:Mobile_phones"," 8.78% 90.571 1 Template:Multiple_issues"," 7.98% 82.325 10 Template:Main_other"," 7.91% 81.574 24 Template:Cite_news"," 7.22% 74.427 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.47% 56.386 3 Template:Ambox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.595","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6934685,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"small\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"small\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-542sp","timestamp":"20241122162612","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Smartphone patent wars","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smartphone_patent_wars","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7544148","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7544148","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2012-03-04T19:03:42Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T10:41:57Z","headline":"commercial struggles among smartphone manufacturers"}</script> </body> </html>