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Índice terapéutico - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Терапевтичен индекс (búlgaro)" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Терапевтичен индекс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndex_terap%C3%A8utic" title="Índex terapèutic (catalán)" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Índex terapèutic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapeutick%C3%BD_index" title="Terapeutický index (checo)" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Terapeutický index" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutische_Breite" title="Therapeutische Breite (alemán)" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Therapeutische Breite" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_index" title="Therapeutic index (inglés)" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Therapeutic index" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapeuttinen_indeksi" title="Terapeuttinen indeksi (finés)" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Terapeuttinen indeksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_th%C3%A9rapeutique" title="Index thérapeutique (francés)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Index thérapeutique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99" title="חלון תרפויטי (hebreo)" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חלון תרפויטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95" title="चिकित्सकीय सूचकांक (hindi)" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चिकित्सकीय सूचकांक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D6%87%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Թերապևտիկ ինդեքս (armenio)" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թերապևտիկ ինդեքս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indice_terapeutico" title="Indice terapeutico (italiano)" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indice terapeutico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="治療指数 (japonés)" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="治療指数" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%98%EB%A3%8C%EC%9C%A0%ED%9A%A8%EB%9F%89" title="치료유효량 (coreano)" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="치료유효량" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95" title="ചികിത്സാ സൂചിക (malayálam)" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചികിത്സാ സൂചിക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayálam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutische_breedte" title="Therapeutische breedte (neerlandés)" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Therapeutische breedte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_terapeutyczny" title="Indeks terapeutyczny (polaco)" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Indeks terapeutyczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_terap%C3%AAutico" title="Índice terapêutico (portugués)" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Índice terapêutico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indice_terapeutic" title="Indice terapeutic (rumano)" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Indice terapeutic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Терапевтический индекс (ruso)" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Терапевтический индекс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapeutski_indeks" title="Terapeutski indeks (serbocroata)" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Terapeutski indeks" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_index" title="Therapeutic index (Simple English)" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Therapeutic index" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapevtski_indeks" title="Terapevtski indeks (esloveno)" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Terapevtski indeks" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapeutski_indeks" title="Terapeutski indeks (serbio)" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Terapeutski indeks" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapeutiskt_index" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><p>El <b>índice terapéutico</b> o IT constituye una medida del margen de seguridad de un <a href="/wiki/Medicamento" title="Medicamento">medicamento</a>. Se expresa numéricamente como una relación entre la dosis del medicamento que causa la muerte (<a href="/wiki/Dosis_letal" title="Dosis letal">dosis letal</a> o DL) o un efecto nocivo en una proporción "x" de la muestra y la dosis que causa el efecto terapéutico deseado (<a href="/wiki/Dosis_efectiva_(Farmacolog%C3%ADa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dosis efectiva (Farmacología)">dosis efectiva</a> o DE) en la misma o mayor proporción "y" de la muestra. </p><p>Este concepto se puede formular como: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle IT={\frac {DL_{50}}{DE_{50}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>50</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>50</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle IT={\frac {DL_{50}}{DE_{50}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/20be1101aed8e8d126455e3ce3f527e8c932d3a8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:12.258ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle IT={\frac {DL_{50}}{DE_{50}}}}"></span> </p><p>donde el número 50 significa el 50% de la población. Cuanto menor sea el índice terapéutico más riesgo presenta la administración de dicho medicamento y se debe monitorear al paciente para comprobar que no sufre intoxicación. Por el contrario, un IT elevado nos indica que el medicamento es seguro (lo cual no tiene por qué significar que tenga mayor utilidad). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véase_también"><span id="V.C3.A9ase_tambi.C3.A9n"></span>Véase también</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Dndice_terap%C3%A9utico&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar sección: Véase también"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rango_terap%C3%A9utico" title="Rango terapéutico">Rango terapéutico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Dndice_terap%C3%A9utico&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar sección: Referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Rivera, D. et al. 1998. <i>Manual de Teoría y Prácticas de Etnobotánica</i> , Ed. 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