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fractures</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: osteoporotic fractures"> <meta name="keywords" content="osteoporotic fractures"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="osteoporotic fractures"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 267</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: osteoporotic fractures</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">267</span> Osteoactivin Is a Specific Biomarker in Bone and Cartilage Metabolism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulnara%20Azizova">Gulnara Azizova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naila%20Hasanova"> Naila Hasanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazenin%20Hasanzade"> Nazenin Hasanzade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of study is to investigate the role of osteoactivin as a more sensitive and modern diagnostic biomarker that has a prognostic value in metabolic and repair processes occurring in bone and cartilage tissue in osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Osteoactivin (OA) is a new glycoprotein that is highly expressed during osteoblast differentiation. It was first discovered in an osteopetrotic rat model using mRNA . This study was carried out on patients between the ages of 45-83 from the Department of Traumatology and placed in 3 groups: group I - 14 patients with osteoporosis, group II - 15 patients with non-osteoporotic fractures, group III - 25 patients with osteoporotic fractures. The control group consisted of 14 healthy people. To monitor changes in osteoactivin, blood samples were taken at 3 stages: on day 1 before treatment, on day 10 of treatment, and 1 month after treatment. The concentration of OA in the blood serum was determined by ELISA method on the immunoassay analyzer “Mindray MR- 96A” using a set of reagents from the company Boster ( ELISA Kit PicoKine, USA). The statistical evaluation was performed by using SPSS 22.0 program (IBM SPSS Inc., USA). Compared to the control, osteoactivin concentration increased by 66.2% in patients with osteoporosis, 54.1% in patients with non-osteoporotic fractures, and 80.2% in patients with osteoporotic fractures, indicating that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporotic fractures. At 1 month after treatment, osteoactivin concentration increased by 81.6% in patients with non-osteoporotic fractures. The lack of a significant change in osteoporotic fractures is explained by the late healing of these fractures. Based on the sensitivity and specificity indicators, the ROC curve was created and it was determined that osteoactivin is a test with high general diagnostic value, specificity and informativeness in the prognosis of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures, and can be used throughout the treatment period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoactivin" title="osteoactivin">osteoactivin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone" title=" bone"> bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis." title=" osteoporosis."> osteoporosis.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartilage" title=" cartilage"> cartilage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193561/osteoactivin-is-a-specific-biomarker-in-bone-and-cartilage-metabolism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">266</span> The Role of Homocysteine in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20%C4%B0smailov">Arif İsmailov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naila%20Hasanova"> Naila Hasanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunay%20Orujalieva"> Gunay Orujalieva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homocysteine (HCY) is an indicator of prognostic value in monitoring regenerative processes in osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. The osteoporosis is known to be a serious health and economic problem, especially for women in the postmenopausal period. The study was carried out on patients 45-83 years old divided into 3 groups: group I – 14 patients with osteoporosis , group II – 15 patients with non-osteoporotic fractures, group III – 25 patients with osteoporotic fractures. The control group consisted of practically healthy 14 people. A blood sample was taken at 3 stages to monitor the dynamics of HCY level: on the 1st day before treatment, on the 10th day of treatment and 1 month after it. Blood levels of Hcy were determined at a wavelength of 450 nm by the ELİSA(Cloud Clone Corp.Elisa kits,USA). The statistical evaluation was performed by using SPSS 26.0 program (IBM SPSS Inc., USA).The results showed that on the 1st day before the treatment HCY concentration was statistically increased 2.7 times(PU = 0.108) in group I, 5.6 times (PU <0.001) in group II and 6.5 times (PU <0.001) in group III compared to the control group. Thus, the average value of HCY in group I was 1.76 ± 0.56 μg/ml; in group II – 3.57 ± 0.62 μg/ml; in group III – 4.2 ± 0.50 μg/ml. HCY level increases more sharply after fractures,especially in osteoporotic patients. In treatment period Vitamin D plays an important role in synthesis of the Cystathionine β‐synthase enzyme, which regulates HCY metabolism. Increased Hcy levels could lead to an increase in the risk of fracture through the interference in collagen cross-linking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homocysteine" title="homocysteine">homocysteine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures" title=" osteoporotic fractures"> osteoporotic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitamin%20D" title=" Vitamin D"> Vitamin D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182454/the-role-of-homocysteine-in-bone-and-cartilage-regeneration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">265</span> The 10-year Risk of Major Osteoporotic and Hip Fractures Among Indonesian People Living with HIV</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqbal%20Pramukti">Iqbal Pramukti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamat%20Lukman"> Mamat Lukman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasniatisari%20Harun"> Hasniatisari Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kusman%20Ibrahim"> Kusman Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: People living with HIV had a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture than the general population. The purpose of this study was to predict the 10-year risk of fracture among people living with HIV (PLWH) using FRAX™ and to identify characteristics related to the fracture risk. Methodology: This study consisted of 75 subjects. The ten-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) and hip fractures was assessed using the FRAX™ algorithm. A cross-tabulation was used to identify the participant’s characteristics related to fracture risk. Results: The overall mean 10-year probability of fracture was 2.4% (1.7) for MOF and 0.4% (0.3) for hip fractures. For MOF score, participants with parents’ hip fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid use showed a higher MOF score than those who were not (3.1 vs. 2.5; 4.6 vs 2.5; and 3.4 vs 2.5, respectively). For HF score, participants with parents’ hip fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid use also showed a higher HF score than those who were not (0.5 vs. 0.3; 0.8 vs. 0.3; and 0.5 vs. 0.3, respectively). Conclusions: The 10-year risk of fracture was higher among PLWH with several factors, including the parent’s hip. Fracture history, smoking behavior and glucocorticoid used. Further analysis on determining factors using multivariate regression analysis with a larger sample size is required to confirm the factors associated with the high fracture risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLWH" title=" PLWH"> PLWH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures" title=" osteoporotic fractures"> osteoporotic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20fractures" title=" hip fractures"> hip fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=10-year%20risk%20of%20fracture" title=" 10-year risk of fracture"> 10-year risk of fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRAX" title=" FRAX"> FRAX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184625/the-10-year-risk-of-major-osteoporotic-and-hip-fractures-among-indonesian-people-living-with-hiv" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> Risk of Fractures at Different Anatomic Sites in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herng-Sheng%20Lee">Herng-Sheng Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Yi%20Chen"> Chi-Yi Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan-Ting%20Huang"> Wan-Ting Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Jen%20Chang"> Li-Jen Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Chih-Cheng%20Chen"> Solomon Chih-Cheng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin-Yi%20Yang"> Hsin-Yi Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A variety of gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and coeliac disease, are recognized as risk factors for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. One recent study suggests that individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) might also be at increased risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Up to now, the association between IBS and the risk of fractures at different anatomic sites occurrences is not completely clear. We conducted a population-based cohort analysis to investigate the fracture risk of IBS in comparison with non-IBS group. We identified 29,505 adults aged ≥ 20 years with newly diagnosed IBS using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in 2000-2012. A comparison group was constructed of patients without IBS who were matched according to gender and age. The occurrence of fracture was monitored until the end of 2013. We analyzed the risk of fracture events to occur in IBS by using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Patients with IBS had a higher incidence of osteoporotic fractures compared with non-IBS group (12.34 versus 9.45 per 1,000 person-years) and an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.27, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 – 1.35). Site specific analysis showed that the IBS group had a higher risk of fractures for spine, forearm, hip and hand than did the non-IBS group. With further stratification for gender and age, a higher aHR value for osteoporotic fractures in IBS group was seen across all age groups in males, but seen in elderly females. In addition, female, elderly, low income, hypertension, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and depressive disorders as independent osteoporotic fracture risk factors in IBS patients. The IBS is considered as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures, particularly in female individuals and fracture sites located at the spine, forearm, hip and hand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irritable%20bowel%20syndrome" title="irritable bowel syndrome">irritable bowel syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title=" gender difference"> gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20health%20insurance%20database" title=" longitudinal health insurance database"> longitudinal health insurance database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96479/risk-of-fractures-at-different-anatomic-sites-in-patients-with-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-nationwide-population-based-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">263</span> The Role of Human Cartilage Glycoprotein in Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasanzade%20Nazenin">Hasanzade Nazenin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasanova%20Naila"> Hasanova Naila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the WHO, osteoporosis is one of the most important health problems in the world and occupies the 4th place in its importance after cardiovascular pathology, oncological diseases and diabetes mellitus. The significance of osteoporosis is determined by its prevalence among the population, the severity of the course, the cause of death, disability, reduced quality of life, high economic costs for prevention and treatment. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a violation of the structure of bone tissue, leading to an increase in bone fragility and the risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is manifested by low-traumatic fractures. Due to the complexity of the recovery process, the treatment of osteoporotic fractures is one of the important problems of modern traumatology. Diagnostic markers are needed to monitor the recovery period. Human cartilage glycoprotein -39, which has been studied so far in inflammatory processes in the bones, may allow the development of the correct treatment regimen, reflecting the level of metabolic processes in the bone tissue. The study was performed to examine the dynamics of human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HCgp39) in the blood serum during osteoporosis and fracture healing. The material of the study is formed by the examination results of 68 people aged 38-83. Group I - control group consisted of 14 practically healthy people, group II - 14 patients with osteoporosis, group III - 15 patients with non-osteoporotic fractures, group IV - 25 patients with osteoporotic fractures. In groups, they were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 3 times during the first month. As a result, in the first month of the recovery period, no significant difference was observed in the HCgp39 dynamics for groups II and IV (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant reduction in group III (p <0.05). As no osteoporotic changes were observed in this patient group, bone healing was rapid and it was possible to monitor the dynamics of HCgp39 changes within 1 month. Patients with osteoporosis and other bone fractures in the process of complete recovery need to study HCgp39 more as a diagnostic indicator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title="osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures" title=" osteoporotic fractures"> osteoporotic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20cartilage%20glycoprotein" title=" human cartilage glycoprotein"> human cartilage glycoprotein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCgp39" title=" HCgp39"> HCgp39</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193565/the-role-of-human-cartilage-glycoprotein-in-osteoporosis-and-osteoporotic-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">262</span> Change of Bone Density with Treatments of Intravenous Zoledronic Acid in Patients with Osteoporotic Distal Radial Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Je%20Kang">Hong Je Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Chae%20Choi"> Young Chae Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Sung%20Park"> Jin Sung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isac%20Kim"> Isac Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Osteoporotic fractures are an important among postmenopausal women. When osteoporotic distal radial fractures occur, osteoporosis must be treated to prevent the hip and spine fractures. Intravenous injection of Zoledronic acid is expected to improve preventing osteoporotic fractures. Many articles reported the effect of intravenous Zoledronic acid to BMD of the hip and spine fracture or non-fracture patients with low BMD. However, that with distal radial fractures has rarely been reported. Therefore, the authors decided to study the effect of Zoledronic acid in BMD score, bone union, and bone turnover markers in the patients who underwent volar plating due to osteoporotic distal radial fractures. Materials: From April 2018 to May 2022, postmenopausal women aged 55 years or older who had osteoporotic distal radial fractures and who underwent surgical treatment using volar plate fixation were included. Zoledronic acid (5mg) was injected intravenously between 3 and 5 days after surgery. BMD scores after 1 year of operation were compared with the initial scores. Bone turnover markers were measured before surgery, after 3 months, and after 1 year. Radiological follow-up was performed every 2 weeks until the bone union and at 1 year postoperatively. Clinical outcome indicators were measured one year after surgery, and the occurrence of side effects was observed. Result: Total of 23 patients were included, with a lumbar BMD T score of -2.89±0.2 before surgery to -2.27±0.3 one year after surgery (p=0.012) and a femoral neck BMD T score of -2.45±0.3 before surgery to -2.36±0.3 (p=0.041) after one year, and all were statistically significant. Measured as bone resorption markers, serum CTX-1 was 337.43±10.4 pg/mL before surgery, 160.86±8.7 pg/mL (p=0.022) after three months, and 250.12±12.7 pg/mL (p=0.031) after one year. Urinary NTX-1 was 39.24±2.2 ng/mL before surgery, 24.46±1.2 ng/mL (p=0.014) after three months and 30.35±1.6 ng/mL (p=0.042) after one year. Measured as bone formation markers, serum osteocalcin was 13.04±1.1 ng/mL before surgery, 8.84±0.7 ng/mL (p=0.037) after 3 months and 11.1±0.4 ng/mL (p=0.026) after one year. Serum bone-specific ALP was 11.24±0.9 IU/L before surgery, 8.25±0.9 IU/L (p=0.036) after three months, and 10.2±0.9 IU/L (p=0.027) after one year. All were statistically significant. All cases showed bone union within an average of 6.91±0.3 weeks without any signs of failure. Complications were found in 5 out of 23 cases (21.7%), such as headache, nausea, muscle pain, and fever. Conclusion: When Zoledronic acid was used, BMD was improved in both the spine and femoral neck. This may reduce the likelihood and subsequent morbidity of additional osteoporotic fractures. This study is meaningful in that there was no difference in the duration of bone union and radiological characteristics in patients with distal radial fractures administrated with intravenous BP early after the fractures, and improvement in BMD and bone turnover indicators was measured. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeoldreonic%20acid" title="zeoldreonic acid">zeoldreonic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMD" title=" BMD"> BMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distal%20radius" title=" distal radius"> distal radius</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152035/change-of-bone-density-with-treatments-of-intravenous-zoledronic-acid-in-patients-with-osteoporotic-distal-radial-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> Impact of Treatment of Fragility Fractures Due to Osteoporosis as an Economic Burden Worldwide: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabiha%20Tanzeem">Fabiha Tanzeem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that is associated with a reduction in bone mass and microstructures of the bone and deterioration of bone tissue. Fragility fracture due to osteoporosis is the most significant complication of osteoporosis. The increasing prevalence of fragility fractures presents a growing burden on the global economy. There is a rapidly evolving need to improve awareness of the costs associated with these types of fractures and to review current policies and practices for the prevention and management of the disease. This systematic review will identify and describe the direct and indirect costs associated with osteoporotic fragility fractures from a global perspective from the included studies. The review will also find out whether the costs required for the treatment of fragility fractures due to osteoporosis impose an economic burden on the global healthcare system. METHODS: Four major databases were systematically searched for direct and indirect costs of osteoporotic fragility fracture studies in the English Language. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar were searched for suitable articles published between 1990 and July 2020. RESULTS: The original search yielded 1166 papers; from these, 27 articles were selected for this review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the 27 studies, the highest direct costs were associated with the treatment of pelvic fractures, with the majority of the expenditure due to hospitalization and surgical treatments. It is also observed that most of the articles are from developed countries. CONCLUSION: This review indicates the significance of the economic burden of osteoporosis globally, although more research needs to be done in developing countries. In the treatment of fragility fractures, direct costs were the main reported expenditure in this review. The healthcare costs incurred globally can be significantly reduced by implementing measures to effectively prevent the disease. Raising awareness in children and adults by improving the quality of the information available and standardising policies and planning of services requires further research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title="systematic review">systematic review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20illness" title=" cost of illness"> cost of illness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165255/impact-of-treatment-of-fragility-fractures-due-to-osteoporosis-as-an-economic-burden-worldwide-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> Trabecular Texture Analysis Using Fractal Metrics for Bone Fragility Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Harrar">Khaled Harrar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Jennane"> Rachid Jennane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is the discrimination of 28 postmenopausal with osteoporotic femoral fractures from an age-matched control group of 28 women using texture analysis based on fractals. Two pre-processing approaches are applied on radiographic images; these techniques are compared to highlight the choice of the pre-processing method. Furthermore, the values of the fractal dimension are compared to those of the fractal signature in terms of the classification of the two populations. In a second analysis, the BMD measure at proximal femur was compared to the fractal analysis, the latter, which is a non-invasive technique, allowed a better discrimination; the results confirm that the fractal analysis of texture on calcaneus radiographs is able to discriminate osteoporotic patients with femoral fracture from controls. This discrimination was efficient compared to that obtained by BMD alone. It was also present in comparing subgroups with overlapping values of BMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title="osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20dimension" title=" fractal dimension"> fractal dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20signature" title=" fractal signature"> fractal signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title=" bone mineral density"> bone mineral density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28859/trabecular-texture-analysis-using-fractal-metrics-for-bone-fragility-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> Insufficiency Fracture of Femoral Head in Patients Treated With Intramedullary Nailing for Proximal Femur Fracture </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Hyung%20Park">Jai Hyung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugene%20Kim"> Eugene Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Hun%20Park"> Jin Hun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Joon%20Oh"> Min Joon Oh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head (SIF) is a rare complication; however, it has been recognized to cause femoral head collapse. Subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) is caused by normal or physiological stress without any trauma. It has been reported in osteoporotic patients after the fixation of the proximal femur with an Intramedullary nail. Case presentation: We reported 5 cases with SIF of the femoral head after proximal femur fracture fixation with Intra-medullary nail. All patients had osteoporosis as an underlying disease. Good reduction was achieved in all 5 patients. SIF was found from about 3 months to 4 years after the initial operation, and all the fractures were solidly united at the final diagnosis. We investigated retrospectively the feature of those cases and several factors that affected the occurrence of SIF. Discussion: There are a few discussions regarding the SIF of the femoral head. These discussions may include the predisposing risk factors, how to diagnose the SIF in osteoporotic patients, and the peri-operative factors to prevent SIF. Conclusion: Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head is a considerable complication after the internal fixation of the proximal femur. There are several factors that can be modified. If they could be controlled in the peri-operative period, SIF could be prevented or handled in advance. Other options related to arthroplasty can be considered in old osteoporotic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insufficiency%20fracture%20of%20femoral%20head" title="insufficiency fracture of femoral head">insufficiency fracture of femoral head</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-medullary%20nail" title=" intra-medullary nail"> intra-medullary nail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximal%20femur%20fracture" title=" proximal femur fracture"> proximal femur fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117685/insufficiency-fracture-of-femoral-head-in-patients-treated-with-intramedullary-nailing-for-proximal-femur-fracture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Micro-CT Assessment of Fracture Healing with Targeted Delivery of Tocotrienol in Osteoporosis Model </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Nazrun%20Shuid">Ahmad Nazrun Shuid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Naina%20Mohamed"> Isa Naina Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Izzah%20Ibrahim"> Nurul Izzah Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazlina%20Mohamed"> Norazlina Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Studies have shown that oral tocotrienol, a potent vitamin E, promoted fracture healing of osteoporotic bone. In this study, tocotrienol was combined with a polymer carrier (PLGA), and injected to the fracture site. The slow and constant release of tocotrienol particles would promote fracture healing of post-menopausal osteoporosis rat model. Fracture healing was assessed using micro-CT. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomised or sham-operated and the left tibiae were fractured and fixed with plate and screws. The fractures were created at the upper third of the left tibiae. The rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated (SO), ovariectomised-control (OVxC) and PLGA-incorporated tocotrienol treatment (OVx + TT) groups. After 4 weeks, the OVx + TT group showed significantly better callus fracture healing than the OVxC group. In conclusion, tocotrienol-incorporated PLGA was able to promote fracture healing of osteoporotic bone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title="osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-CT" title=" micro-CT"> micro-CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tocotrienol" title=" tocotrienol"> tocotrienol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLGA" title=" PLGA"> PLGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19173/micro-ct-assessment-of-fracture-healing-with-targeted-delivery-of-tocotrienol-in-osteoporosis-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Survey on Awareness, Knowledge and Practices: Managing Osteoporosis among Practitioners in a Tertiary Hospital, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20H.%20Tee">P. H. Tee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Zamri"> S. M. Zamri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Kasim"> K. M. Kasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Tiew"> S. K. Tiew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study evaluates the management of osteoporosis in a tertiary care government hospital in Malaysia. As the number of admitted patients having osteoporotic fractures is on the rise, osteoporotic medications are an increasing financial burden to government hospitals because they account for half of the orthopedic budget and expenditure. Comprehensive knowledge among practitioners is important to detect early and avoid this preventable disease and its serious complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the awareness, knowledge, and practices in managing osteoporosis among practitioners in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah (HTAR), Klang. A questionnaire from an overseas study in managing osteoporosis among primary care physicians is adapted to Malaysia’s Clinical Practice Guideline of Osteoporosis 2012 (revised 2015) and international guidelines were distributed to all orthopedic practitioners in HTAR Klang (including surgeons, orthopedic medical officers), endocrinologists, rheumatologists and geriatricians. The participants were evaluated on their expertise in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment decision and medications for osteoporosis. Collected data were analyzed for all descriptive and statistical analyses as appropriate. All 45 participants responded to the questionnaire. Participants scored highest on expertise in prevention, followed by diagnosis, treatment decision and lastly, medication. Most practitioners stated that own-initiated continuing professional education from articles and books was the most effective way to update their knowledge, followed by attendance in conferences on osteoporosis. This study confirms the importance of comprehensive training and education regarding osteoporosis among tertiary care physicians and surgeons, predominantly in pharmacotherapy, to deliver wholesome care for osteoporotic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title="awareness">awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices" title=" practices"> practices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116712/survey-on-awareness-knowledge-and-practices-managing-osteoporosis-among-practitioners-in-a-tertiary-hospital-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Surgical Management of Distal Femur Fracture Using Locking Compression Plate: Our Experience in a Rural Tertiary Care Centre in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pagadaplly%20Girish">Pagadaplly Girish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Manohar"> P. V. Manohar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Management of distal femur fractures is challenging. Recently, treatment has evolved towards indirect reduction and minimally invasive techniques. Objectives: To assess the fracture union and functional outcome following open reduction and internal fixation of distal femur fractures with locking compression plate and to achieve restoration of the anatomical alignment of fracture fragments and stable internal fixation. Methodology: Patients with distal femur fracture treated by locking compression during Oct 2011 to April 2013 were assessed prospectively. Patients below 18 years and those with neuro-vascular deficits were excluded. Age, sex of the patient, type of fracture, mechanism of injury, type of implant used, operative time and postoperative complications were analysed. The Neer’s scale was used to assess the outcome of the patients. Results: The total number of patients was 30; 28 males and 2 females; mean age was 41.53 years. Road traffic accidents were the major causes of injury followed by falls. The average duration of hospital stay was 21.3 days. The overall complication rate note was 23.33%. The mean range of movement around the knee joint after 6 months of follow-up was 114.330. The average time for the radiological union was 14 weeks. Excellent to good results were noted in 26 patients (86.6%) and average to poor results were observed in 4 (13.33%) patients. Conclusions: The locking compression plate gives a rigid fixation for the fracture. It also provides a good purchase in osteoporotic bones. LCP is simple and a reliable implant appropriate for fixation of femoral fractures with promising results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distal%20femur%20fractures" title="distal femur fractures">distal femur fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locking%20compression%20plate" title=" locking compression plate"> locking compression plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neer%E2%80%99s%20criteria" title=" Neer’s criteria"> Neer’s criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-vascular%20deficits" title=" neuro-vascular deficits "> neuro-vascular deficits </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5603/surgical-management-of-distal-femur-fracture-using-locking-compression-plate-our-experience-in-a-rural-tertiary-care-centre-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Screening of Osteoporosis in Aging Populations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimiliano%20Panella">Massimiliano Panella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Bortoluzzi"> Sara Bortoluzzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophia%20Russotto"> Sophia Russotto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniele%20Nicolini"> Daniele Nicolini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmela%20Rinaldi"> Carmela Rinaldi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide. About 75% of osteoporosis cases are undiagnosed or diagnosed only when a bone fracture occurs. Since osteoporosis related fractures are significant determinants of the burden of disease and health and social costs of aging populations, we believe that this is the early identification and treatment of high-risk patients should be a priority in actual healthcare systems. Screening for osteoporosis by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is not cost-effective for general population. An alternative is pulse-echo ultrasound (PEUS) because of the minor costs. To this end, we developed an early detection program for osteoporosis with PEUS, and we evaluated is possible impact and sustainability. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 1,050 people in Italy. Subjects with >1 major or >2 minor risk factors for osteoporosis were invited to PEUS bone mass density (BMD) measurement at the proximal tibia. Based on BMD values, subjects were classified as healthy subjects (BMD>0.783 g/cm²) and pathological including subjects with suspected osteopenia (0.783≤BMD>0.719 g/cm²) or osteoporosis (BMD ≤ 0.719 g/cm²). The responder rate was 60.4% (634/1050). According to the risk, PEUS scan was recommended to 436 people, of whom 300 (mean age 45.2, 81% women) accepted to participate. We identified 240 (80%) healthy and 60 (20%) pathological subjects (47 osteopenic and 13 osteoporotic). We observed a significant association between high risk people and reduced bone density (p=0.043) with increased risks for female gender, older ages, and menopause (p<0.01). The yearly cost of the screening program was 8,242 euros. With actual Italian fracture incidence rates in osteoporotic patients, we can reasonably expect in 20 years that at least 6 fractures will occur in our sample. If we consider that the mean costs per fracture in Italy is today 16,785 euros, we can estimate a theoretical cost of 100,710 euros. According to literature, we can assume that the early treatment of osteoporosis could avoid 24,170 euros of such costs. If we add the actual yearly cost of the treatments to the cost of our program and we compare this final amount of 11,682 euros to the avoidable costs of fractures (24,170 euros) we can measure a possible positive benefits/costs ratio of 2.07. As a major outcome, our study let us to early identify 60 people with a significant bone loss that were not aware of their condition. This diagnostic anticipation constitutes an important element of value for the project, both for the patients, for the preventable negative outcomes caused by the fractures, and for the society in general, because of the related avoidable costs. Therefore, based on our finding, we believe that the PEUS based screening performed could be a cost-effective approach to early identify osteoporosis. However, our study has some major limitations. In fact, in our study the economic analysis is based on theoretical scenarios, thus specific studies are needed for a better estimation of the possible benefits and costs of our program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title="osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevention" title=" prevention"> prevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122028/screening-of-osteoporosis-in-aging-populations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Revising Our Ideas on Revisions: Non-Contact Bridging Plate Fixation of Vancouver B1 and B2 Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ayeko">S. Ayeko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Milton"> J. Milton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Hughes"> C. Hughes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Anderson"> K. Anderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20G.%20Middleton"> R. G. Middleton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) in association with hip hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty is a common and serious complication. In the Vancouver Classification system algorithm, B1 fractures should be treated with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) and preferentially revised in combination with ORIF if B2 or B3. This study aims to assess patient outcomes after plate osteosynthesis alone for Vancouver B1 and B2 fractures. The main outcome is the 1-year re-revision rate, and secondary outcomes are 30-day and 1-year mortality. Method: This is a retrospective single-centre case-series review from January 2016 to June 2021. Vancouver B1 and B2, non-malignancy fractures in adults over 18 years of age treated with polyaxial Non-Contact Bridging plate osteosynthesis, have been included. Outcomes were gathered from electronic notes and radiographs. Results: There were 50 B1 and 64 B2 fractures. 26 B2 fractures were managed with ORIF and revision, 39 ORIF alone. Of the revision group, one died within 30 days (3.8%), one at one year (3.8%), and two were revised within one year (7.7). Of the B2 ORIF group, three died within 30-day mortality (7.96%), eight at one year (21.1%), and 0 were revised in 1 year. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with ORIF, excluding revision in the management of B2 fractures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arthroplasty" title="arthroplasty">arthroplasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridging%20plate" title=" bridging plate"> bridging plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periprosthetic%20fracture" title=" periprosthetic fracture"> periprosthetic fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revision%20surgery" title=" revision surgery"> revision surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155838/revising-our-ideas-on-revisions-non-contact-bridging-plate-fixation-of-vancouver-b1-and-b2-periprosthetic-femoral-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> 3D Vision Transformer for Cervical Spine Fracture Detection and Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obulesh%20Avuku">Obulesh Avuku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satwik%20Sunnam"> Satwik Sunnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Charan%20Mohan%20Janthuka"> Sri Charan Mohan Janthuka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthi%20Yalamaddi"> Keerthi Yalamaddi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the United States alone, there are over 1.5 million spine fractures per year, resulting in about 17,730 spinal cord injuries. The cervical spine is where fractures in the spine most frequently occur. The prevalence of spinal fractures in the elderly has increased, and in this population, fractures may be harder to see on imaging because of coexisting degenerative illness and osteoporosis. Nowadays, computed tomography (CT) is almost completely used instead of radiography for the imaging diagnosis of adult spine fractures (x-rays). To stop neurologic degeneration and paralysis following trauma, it is vital to trace any vertebral fractures at the earliest. Many approaches have been proposed for the classification of the cervical spine [2d models]. We are here in this paper trying to break the bounds and use the vision transformers, a State-Of-The-Art- Model in image classification, by making minimal changes possible to the architecture of ViT and making it 3D-enabled architecture and this is evaluated using a weighted multi-label logarithmic loss. We have taken this problem statement from a previously held Kaggle competition, i.e., RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20spine" title="cervical spine">cervical spine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinal%20fractures" title=" spinal fractures"> spinal fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2d-models" title=" 2d-models"> 2d-models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ViT" title=" ViT"> ViT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-label%20logarithmic%20loss" title=" multi-label logarithmic loss"> multi-label logarithmic loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaggle" title=" Kaggle"> Kaggle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20score" title=" public score"> public score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20score" title=" private score"> private score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160278/3d-vision-transformer-for-cervical-spine-fracture-detection-and-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Application of Continuum Damage Concept to Simulation of the Interaction between Hydraulic Fractures and Natural Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anny%20Zambrano">Anny Zambrano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German%20Gonzalez"> German Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yair%20Quintero"> Yair Quintero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The continuum damage concept is used to study the interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures, the objective is representing the path and relation among this two fractures types and predict its complex behavior without the need to pre-define their direction as occurs in other finite element applications, providing results more consistent with the physical behavior of the phenomenon. The approach uses finite element simulations through Abaqus software to model damage fracturing, the fracturing process by damage propagation in a rock. The modeling the phenomenon develops in two dimensional (2D) so that the fracture will be represented by a line and the crack front by a point. It considers nonlinear constitutive behavior, finite strain, time-dependent deformation, complex boundary conditions, strain hardening and softening, and strain based damage evolution in compression and tension. The complete governing equations are provided and the method is described in detail to permit readers to replicate all results. The model is compared to models that are published and available. Comparisons are focused in five interactions between natural fractures (NF) and hydraulic fractures: Fractured arrested at NF, crossing NF with or without offset, branching at intersecting NFs, branching at end of NF and NF dilation due to shear slippage. The most significant new finding is, that is not necessary to use pre-defined addresses propagation and stress condition can be evaluated as a dominant factor in the process. This is important because it can model in a more real way the generated complex hydraulic fractures, and be a valuable tool to predict potential problems and different geometries of the fracture network in the process of fracturing due to fluid injection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuum%20damage" title="continuum damage">continuum damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20fractures" title=" hydraulic fractures"> hydraulic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20fractures" title=" natural fractures"> natural fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20fracture%20network" title=" complex fracture network"> complex fracture network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness" title=" stiffness"> stiffness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67818/application-of-continuum-damage-concept-to-simulation-of-the-interaction-between-hydraulic-fractures-and-natural-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Management of Tibial Bone Defects Following Grade Three Injury in Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Kumar%20Kanojia">Rajendra Kumar Kanojia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background; Massive bone gaps are common following road side accidents and injury to the tibia, specially open grade three fractures. It has been seen that the diaphyseal fractures in the tibia are prone to non-union, there are certain reasons known very well, like less soft tissues around the lower third tibia, less vascularity, less options of fixation of the fractures after trauma and prolonged surgical time, operation theatre time and special surgical means. Aim of study; To know the suitability of the ilizarov ring fixators in staged treatment of the fracture of the both bones leg, including tibia, we wish to see the role of ilizarov in management of open grade three fractures which have been operated and debrided, for getting the length use of ilizaorv ring in a tertiary canter is the aim of the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20fracture" title="open fracture">open fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staged%20management" title=" staged management"> staged management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ilizarov" title=" ilizarov"> ilizarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20grafting" title=" bone grafting"> bone grafting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lengthening" title=" lengthening"> lengthening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36467/management-of-tibial-bone-defects-following-grade-three-injury-in-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Effect of Institution Volume on Mortality and Outcomes in Osteoporotic Hip Fracture Care</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Milton">J. Milton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Uzoigwe"> C. Uzoigwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Ayeko"> O. Ayeko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Offorha"> B. Offorha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Anderson"> K. Anderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20G.%20Middleton"> R. G. Middleton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: We used the UK National Hip Fracture database to determine the effect of institution hip fracture case volume on hip fracture healthcare outcomes in 2019. Using logistic regression for each healthcare outcome, we compared the best performing 50 units with the poorest performing 50 units in order to determine if the unit volume was associated with performance for each particular outcome. Method: We analysed 175 institutions treating a total of 67,673 patients over the course of a year. Results: The number of hip fractures seen per unit ranged between 86 and 952. Larger units tendered to perform health assessments more consistently and mobilise patients more expeditiously post-operatively. Patients treated at large institutions had shorter lengths of stay. With regard to most other outcomes, there was no association between unit case volume and performance, notably compliance with the Best Practice Tariff, time to surgery, proportion of eligible patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, length of stay, delirium risk, and pressure sore risk assessments. Conclusion: There is no relationship between unit volume and the majority of health care outcomes. It would seem that larger institutions tend to perform better at parameters that are dependent upon personnel numbers. However, where the outcome is contingent, even partially, on physical infrastructure capacity, there was no difference between larger and smaller units. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institution%20volume" title="institution volume">institution volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neck%20of%20femur%20fractures" title=" neck of femur fractures"> neck of femur fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155845/effect-of-institution-volume-on-mortality-and-outcomes-in-osteoporotic-hip-fracture-care" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Analgesia in Acute Traumatic Rib Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Duncan">A. Duncan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Blake"> A. Blake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O%27Gara"> A. O'Gara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Fitzgerald"> J. Fitzgerald</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Acute traumatic rib fractures have significant morbidity and mortality and are a commonly seen injury in trauma patients. Rib fracture pain can often be acute and can prove challenging to manage. We performed an audit on patients with acute traumatic rib fractures with the aim of composing a referral and treatment pathway for such patients. Methods: From January 2021 to January 2022, the pain medicine service encouraged early referral of all traumatic rib fractures to the pain service for a multi-modal management approach. A retrospective audit of analgesic management was performed on a select cohort of 24 patients, with a mean age of 67, of which 19 had unilateral rib fractures. Results: 17 of 24 patients (71%) underwent local, regional block as part of a multi-modal analgesia regime. Only one regional complication was observed, seen with hypotension occurring in one patient with a thoracic epidural. The group who did not undergo regional block had a length of stay (LOS) 17 days longer than those who did (27 vs. 10) and higher rates of pneumonia (29% vs. 18%). Conclusion: Early referral to pain specialists is an important component of the effective management of acute traumatic rib fractures. From our audit, it is evident that regional blocks can be effectively used in these cases as part of a multi-modal analgesia regime and may confer benefits in terms of respiratory complications and length of stay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rib%20fractures" title="rib fractures">rib fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20blocks" title=" regional blocks"> regional blocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoracic%20epidural" title=" thoracic epidural"> thoracic epidural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erector%20spina%20block" title=" erector spina block"> erector spina block</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165564/analgesia-in-acute-traumatic-rib-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Hybrid Fixation in Management of Proximal Diaphyseal Forearm Bone Fractures in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Aly">Tarek Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Maintenance of the length, providing rotational stability, and preserving functional range of forearm motion is the mainstay of both bone forearm fractures treatment. Conservative treatment in older children may lead to malunion with poor remodeling capacity. Recent studies emphasized that the rate of complications with IM nailing was obviously increased in old children. Open reduction and internal fixation have been criticized for the amount of soft tissue dissection and periosteal stripping needed for fixation and excessive scar formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of hybrid fixation in the treatment of closed proximal radius and ulna fractures in adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age. Patients and Methods: 30 cases of diaphyseal both bone forearm fractures treated with hybrid fixation (Nail radius – Plate ulna) and were available for a follow-up period of fewer than 24 months. Results: Clinically, 72% of cases had an excellent function, 22% had a good function, 4% had a fair function, and 2% had a poor function. Radiologically, signs of the union had appeared in the radius 2weeks earlier than in the ulna in 55% of cases. Conclusion: A hybrid fixation technique in adolescent proximal both-bones forearm fractures could be a viable option in managing these injuries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyprid%20fixation" title="hyprid fixation">hyprid fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=both%20bones" title=" both bones"> both bones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forearm" title=" forearm"> forearm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractures" title=" fractures"> fractures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149793/hybrid-fixation-in-management-of-proximal-diaphyseal-forearm-bone-fractures-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Tibial Plateau Fractures During Covid-19 In A Trauma Unit. Impact of Lockdown and The Pressures on the Healthcare Provider</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gwynn">R. Gwynn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Panwalkar"> P. Panwalkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Veravalli"> K. Veravalli </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tofighi"> M. Tofighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Clement"> R. Clement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mofidi"> A. Mofidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to access the impact of Covid-19 and lockdown on the incidence, injury pattern, and treatment of tibial plateau fractures in a combined rural and urban population in wales. Methods: Retrospective study was performed to identify tibial plateau fractures in 15-month period of Covid-19 lockdown 15-month period immediately before lockdown. Patient demographics, injury mechanism, injury severity (based on Schatzker classification), and associated injuries, treatment methods, and outcome of fractures in the Covid-19 period was studied. Results: The incidence oftibial plateau fracture was 9 per 100000 during Covid-19, and 8.5 per 100000, and both were similar to previous studies. The average age was 52, and female to male ratio was 1:1 in both control and study group. High energy injury was seen in only 20% of the patients and 35% in the control groups (2=12, p<0025). 14% of the covid-19 population sustained other injuries as opposed 16% in the control group(2=0.09, p>0.95). Lower severity isolated lateral condyle fracturesinjury (Schatzker 1-3) were seen in 40% of fractures this was 60% in the control populations. Higher bicondylar and shaft fractures (Schatzker 5-6) were seen in 60% of the Covid-19 group and 35% in the control groups(2=7.8, p<0.02). Treatment mode was not impacted by Covid-19. The complication rate was low in spite of higher number of complex fractures and the impact of covid-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The associated injuries were similar in spite of a significantly lower mechanism of injury. There were unexpectedly worst tibial plateau fracture based Schatzker classification in the Covid-19 period as compared to the control groups. This was especially relevant for medial condyle and shaft fractures. This was postulated to be caused by reduction in bone density caused by lack of vitamin D and reduction in activity. The treatment mode and outcome was not impacted by the impact of Covid-19 on care for tibial plateau fractures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Covid-19" title="Covid-19">Covid-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee" title=" knee"> knee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tibial%20plateau%20fracture" title=" tibial plateau fracture"> tibial plateau fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146862/tibial-plateau-fractures-during-covid-19-in-a-trauma-unit-impact-of-lockdown-and-the-pressures-on-the-healthcare-provider" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> The Use of Regional Blocks Versus IV Opioid Analgesics for Acute Traumatic Pain Management in the Emergency Department</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lajeesh%20Jabbar">Lajeesh Jabbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shibu%20T.%20Varghese"> Shibu T. Varghese</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being under pain is a very distressing factor that it prolongs the healing of any kind of trauma and add to the post traumatic stressful state. Alleviating the pain from acute traumatic conditions like fracture, degloving injury etc will help in faster recovery and also decrease the incidence of post traumatic stress disorder. Most of the emergency departments in INDIA are using IV opioid analgesics to relieve the patient from pain in cases of acute traumatic injuries. None of the Emergency Departments practice regional blocks in the country. In this study, we are comparing the efficacy of Regional Blocks in relieving the pain in lower limb fractures versus the use of IV analgesics for the same in the emergency department. The site of study is Malabar Institute Of Medical Sciences in Calicut in Kerala in India and is a place which receives approximately 10-20 traumatic fracture cases per day. The fracture sites used for the study purpose are femur fracture and phalangeal fractures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20blocks" title="regional blocks">regional blocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IV%20analgesia" title=" IV analgesia"> IV analgesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20traumatic%20pain" title=" acute traumatic pain"> acute traumatic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=femur%20fractures" title=" femur fractures"> femur fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phalanx%20fractures" title=" phalanx fractures"> phalanx fractures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14610/the-use-of-regional-blocks-versus-iv-opioid-analgesics-for-acute-traumatic-pain-management-in-the-emergency-department" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Correlation of Strength and Change in the Thickness of Back Extensor Muscles during Maximal Isometric Contraction in Healthy and Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jan-Nataj%20Zeinab">Mohammad Jan-Nataj Zeinab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahrizi%20Sedighe"> Kahrizi Sedighe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayat%20Noshin"> Bayat Noshin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giti%20Torkaman"> Giti Torkaman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the importance of the back extensor muscle strength in postmenopausal women, this study aimed to determine the relationship between strength and changes in the thickness of back extensor muscles during isometric contraction in healthy and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Strength and thickness of the muscles of 42 postmenopausal women were measured respectively, using a handheld dynamometer and ultrasonography. Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between the strength and thickness. The results indicated a high reproducibility dynamometer test and ultrasonography. The decrease of strength in people with osteoporosis, occurred more through changes in muscle structure such as reducing the number and size of muscle fibers than changes in the nervous system part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back%20extensor%20muscles" title="back extensor muscles">back extensor muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thickness" title=" thickness"> thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63291/correlation-of-strength-and-change-in-the-thickness-of-back-extensor-muscles-during-maximal-isometric-contraction-in-healthy-and-osteoporotic-postmenopausal-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Tooth Fractures Following the Placement of Adjacent Dental Implants: A Case Series and a Systematic Review of the Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eyal%20Rosen">Eyal Rosen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is aimed to report a possible effect of the presence of dental implants on the development of crown or root fractures in adjacent natural teeth. A series of 26 cases of teeth diagnosed with crown or root fractures following the placement of adjacent dental implants is presented. In addition, a comprehensive systematic review of the literature was performed to detect other studies that evaluated this possible complication. The case series analysis revealed that all crown-fractured teeth were non-endodontically treated teeth (n=18), and all root fractured teeth were endodontically treated teeth (n=8). The time from implant loading to the diagnosis of a fracture in an adjacent tooth was longer than 1 year in 78% of cases. The majority of crown or root fractures occurred in female patients, over 50 years of age, with an average age of 59 in the crown fractures group, and 54 in the root fractures group. Most of the patients received 2 or more implants. Nine (50%) of the teeth with crown fracture were molars, 7 (39%) were mandibular premolars, and 2 (11%) were incisor teeth. The majority of teeth with root fracture were premolar or mandibular molar teeth (6 (75%)). The systematic review of the literature did not reveal additional studies that reported on this possible complication. To the best of the author’s knowledge this case series, although limited in its extent, is the first clinical report of a possible serious complication of implants, associated fractures in adjacent endodontically and non-endodontically treated natural teeth. The most common patient profile found in this series was a woman over 50 years of age, having a fractured premolar tooth, which was diagnosed more than 1 year after reconstruction that was based on multiple adjacent implants. Additional clinical studies are required in order to shed light on this potential serious complication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complications" title="complications">complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20implants" title=" dental implants"> dental implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endodontics" title=" endodontics"> endodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractured%20teeth" title=" fractured teeth"> fractured teeth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93087/tooth-fractures-following-the-placement-of-adjacent-dental-implants-a-case-series-and-a-systematic-review-of-the-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Prospective Study on the Efficacy of Bio Absorbable Screws in Treatment of Osteochondral Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Anwar%20Sathik">S. Anwar Sathik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Manoj%20Deepak"> K. Manoj Deepak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Venkatachalam"> K. Venkatachalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study is a prospective study on the use of bio absorbable pins for the treatment of osteochondral fractures after patellar dislocation.22 patients who presented with osteochondral fractures were treated in our institution. They were followed for a minimum of 12 months by regular radiological evaluation. Of the 22 patients, 2 had fragments that detached from the fracture site which was treated arthroscopically. All the patients underwent open reduction and fixation of the pins using bio absorbable crews. They were immobilized in the cast for a minimum of 6 weeks after which mobilization was started according to our protocol. Fracture consolidation was found to occur in 20 of the 22 patients. Thus, Bio absorbable screws can be used as a reliable method of fixation of the osteochondral fragments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteochondral%20fracture" title="osteochondral fracture">osteochondral fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio%20absorbable%20pins" title=" bio absorbable pins"> bio absorbable pins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patella%20dislocation" title=" patella dislocation"> patella dislocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy "> physiotherapy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16495/prospective-study-on-the-efficacy-of-bio-absorbable-screws-in-treatment-of-osteochondral-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Bio-Grouting Applications in Caprock Sealing for Geological CO2 Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guijie%20Sang">Guijie Sang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geo%20%20Davis"> Geo Davis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Momchil%20%20Terziev"> Momchil Terziev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geological CO2 storage has been regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate the emission of greenhouse gas generated from traditional power stations and energy-intensive industry. Caprocks with very low permeability and ultra-fine pores create viscous and capillary barriers to guarantee CO2 sealing efficiency. However, caprock fractures, either naturally existing or artificially induced due to injection, could provide preferential paths for CO₂ escaping. Seeking an efficient technique to seal and strengthen caprock fractures is crucial. We apply microbial-induced-calcite-precipitation (MICP) technique for sealing and strengthening caprock fractures in the laboratory scale. The MICP bio-grouting technique has several advantages over conventional cement grouting methods, including its low viscosity, micron-size microbes (accessible to fine apertures), and low carbon footprint, among others. Different injection strategies are tested to achieve relatively homogenous calcite precipitation along the fractures, which is monitored dynamically based on laser ultrasonic technique. The MICP process in caprock fractures, which integrates the coupled flow and bio-chemical precipitation, is also modeled and validated through the experiment. The study could provide an effective bio-mediated grouting strategy for caprock sealing and thus ensuring a long-term safe geological CO2 storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caprock%20sealing" title="caprock sealing">caprock sealing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20CO2%20storage" title=" geological CO2 storage"> geological CO2 storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grouting%20strategy" title=" grouting strategy"> grouting strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20induced%20calcite%20precipitation" title=" microbial induced calcite precipitation"> microbial induced calcite precipitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139505/bio-grouting-applications-in-caprock-sealing-for-geological-co2-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> A Technique for Planning the Application of Buttress Plate in the Medial Tibial Plateau Using the Preoperative CT Scan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Panwalkar">P. Panwalkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Veravalli"> K. Veravalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gwynn"> R. Gwynn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tofighi"> M. Tofighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Clement"> R. Clement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mofidi"> A. Mofidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When operating on tibial plateau fracture especially medial tibial plateau, it has regularly been said “where do I put my thumb to reduce the fracture”. This refers to the ideal placement of the buttress device to hold the fracture till union. The aim of this study was to see if one can identify this sweet spot using a CT scan. Methods: Forty-five tibial plateau fractures with medial plateau involvement were identified and included in the study. The preoperative CT scans were analysed and the medial plateau involvement pattern was classified based on modified radiological classification by Yukata et-al of stress fracture of medial tibial plateau. The involvement of part of plateau was compared with position of buttress plate position which was classified as medial posteromedial or both. Presence and position of the buttress was compared with ability to achieve and hold the reduction of the fracture till union. Results: Thirteen fractures were type-1 fracture, 19 fractures were type-2 fracture and 13 fractures were type-3 fracture. Sixteen fractures were buttressed correctly according to the potential deformity and twenty-six fractures were not buttressed and three fractures were partly buttressed correctly. No fracture was over butressed! When the fracture was buttressed correctly the rate of the malunion was 0%. When fracture was partly buttressed 33% were anatomically united and 66% were united in the plane of buttress. When buttress was not used, 14 were malunited, one malunited in one of the two planes of deformity and eleven anatomically healed (of which 9 were non displaced!). Buttressing resulted in statistically significant lower mal-union rate (x2=7.8, p=0.0052). Conclusion: The classification based on involvement of medial condyle can identify the placement of buttress plate in the tibial plateau. The correct placement of the buttress plate results in predictably satisfactory union. There may be a correlation between injury shape of the tibial plateau and the fracture type. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee" title="knee">knee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tibial%20plateau" title=" tibial plateau"> tibial plateau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20scan" title=" CT scan"> CT scan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146858/a-technique-for-planning-the-application-of-buttress-plate-in-the-medial-tibial-plateau-using-the-preoperative-ct-scan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> A Prospective Study of a Modified Pin-In-Plaster Technique for Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20alireza%20Mirghasemi">S. alireza Mirghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shervin%20Rashidinia"> Shervin Rashidinia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadsaleh%20Sadeghi"> Mohammadsaleh Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Talebizadeh"> Mohsen Talebizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narges%20Rahimi%20Gabaran"> Narges Rahimi Gabaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Shahin%20Eftekhari"> S. Shahin Eftekhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Shahmoradi"> Sara Shahmoradi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: There are various pin-in-plaster methods for treating distal radius fractures. This study is meant to introduce a modified technique of pin-in-plaster. Materials and methods: Fifty-four patients with distal radius fractures were followed up for one year. Patients were excluded if they had type B fractures according to AO classification, multiple injuries or pathological fractures, and were treated more than 7 days after injury. Range of motion and functional results were evaluated. Radiographic parameters including radial inclination, tilt, and height, were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: The average radial tilt was 10.6° and radial height was 10.2 mm at the sixth month postoperatively. Three cases of pin tract infection were recorded, who were treated totally with oral antibiotics. There was no case of pin loosening. Of total 73 patients underwent surgery, three cases of radial nerve irritation were recorded at the time of cast removal. All of them resolved at the 6th month follow up. No median nerve compression and carpal tunnel syndrome have found. We also had no case of tendon injury. Conclusion: Our modified technique is effective to restore anatomic congruity and maintain reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distal%20radius%20fracture" title="distal radius fracture">distal radius fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percutaneous%20pinning" title=" percutaneous pinning"> percutaneous pinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin-in-plaster" title=" pin-in-plaster"> pin-in-plaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20method%20of%20pin-in-plaster" title=" modified method of pin-in-plaster"> modified method of pin-in-plaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operative%20treatment" title=" operative treatment"> operative treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34784/a-prospective-study-of-a-modified-pin-in-plaster-technique-for-treatment-of-distal-radius-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Maxillofacial Trauma: A Case of Diacapitular Condylar Fracture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20Prasad%20Regmi">Krishna Prasad Regmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Bo%20Tu"> Jun-Bo Tu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Qun%20Hou"> Cheng-Qun Hou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Feng%20Li"> Li-Feng Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maxillofacial trauma in a pediatric group of patients is particularly challenging, as these patients have significant differences from adults as far as the facial skeleton is concerned. Mandibular condylar fractures are common presentations to hospitals across the globe and remain the most important cause of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. The etiology and epidemiology of pediatric trauma involving the diacapitular condylar fractures (DFs) have been reported in a large series of patients. Nevertheless, little is known about treatment protocols for DFs in children. Accordingly, the treatment modalities for the management of pediatric fractures also differ. We suggest following the PDA and intracapsular ABC classification of condylar fracture to increase the overall postoperative satisfaction level that bypasses the change of subjective feelings of patients’ from preoperative to the postoperative condition. At the same time, use of 3-D technology and surgical navigation may also increase treatment accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillofacial%20trauma" title="maxillofacial trauma">maxillofacial trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diacapitular%20fracture" title=" diacapitular fracture"> diacapitular fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condylar%20fracture" title=" condylar fracture"> condylar fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PDA%20classification" title=" PDA classification"> PDA classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72367/maxillofacial-trauma-a-case-of-diacapitular-condylar-fracture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> An Unusual Fracture Pattern: Fracture of the Distal Radius (Colles') along with Fracture of the Ipsilateral Scaphoid & Capitate Bones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srikanta%20Tagore%20Sarkar">Srikanta Tagore Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanta%20Kumar%20Mandal"> Prasanta Kumar Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dibakar%20Roy"> Dibakar Roy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The association of a capitate fracture with a scaphoid fracture has been termed as the naviculocapitate syndrome. The existence of some nondisplaced fractures of scaphoid and capitate with or without the fracture of lunate or radius suggests that there is a spectrum of these injuries, and this confuses the terminology. With our case; we report an unusual variety of this naviculocapitate syndrome with distal radial Colles fracture in addition to the nondisplaced fractures of the scaphoid, capitate and the dorsal lip of radial fracture. When we looked at the literature there is no another Colles fracture reported together with undisplaced scapho-capitate syndrome. The coronal and sagittal images that obtained from the MDCT (Multidetector computed tomography) is useful and effective imaging modality to diagnose complex wrist fractures with more details that are not detected in X-rays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaphoid" title="scaphoid">scaphoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capitate" title=" capitate"> capitate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colles%E2%80%99%20fracture" title=" Colles’ fracture"> Colles’ fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syndrome" title=" syndrome"> syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDCT" title=" MDCT"> MDCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unusual" title=" unusual"> unusual</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13989/an-unusual-fracture-pattern-fracture-of-the-distal-radius-colles-along-with-fracture-of-the-ipsilateral-scaphoid-capitate-bones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporotic%20fractures&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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