Sessions | Ophthalmology | Eye | Care

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text-decoration: none; margin: 0 3px; } .a_icon_android span .fa { font-size: 30px; color: #fff; } .a_icon_apple { background: #f6941d; } </style> <div class="inner-page-banner-area sessions-banner"> <div class="container"> <div class="pagination-area"> <h1>Sessions</h1> <div class="backrow cnt-head" style="color: #fff;"> <span class="con-location"> Aug 29-30, 2024  </span> <span class="con-location"> Toronto, Canada</span> </div> <i><span class="edition-title cnt-head"></span></i> <h1 class="main_title1 cnt-head">Ophthalmology Eye Care</h1> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.longdom.com/ophthalmology">Home</a> -</li> <li>Sessions</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="about-event-area2 bg-color-balck"> <div class="container"> <div class="accordion-option"> <h3 class="title">Sessions</h3> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="toggle-accordion" accordion-id="#accordion"></a> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="accodion-container"> <div class="col-xs-12 padding-0"> <div class="sessions panel-group panel-box" id="accordion" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true"> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading1"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ophthalmology and Vision Science </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse1" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading1"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ophthalmology and Vision Science</b></br><p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmology is the specialized field devoted to the examination and treatment of medical disorders related to the eyes. Ophthalmologists are highly trained experts who focus on both the medical and surgical aspects of eye care. They play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of a wide range of eye conditions and visual impairments. Beyond addressing eye health and vision issues, ophthalmologists possess medical expertise that enables them to identify indications of diseases not directly associated with the eyes, allowing them to appropriately refer patients for necessary treatment.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Vision science encompasses a multidisciplinary approach to the study of visual systems and perception, including fields such as ophthalmology, optometry, molecular genetics, neurology, and physiological optics. This interdisciplinary exploration covers every facet of the visual process, delving into the anatomy, biochemistry, optics, and physiology of the eye. Vision Science serves as the foundation for a myriad of research inquiries related to human vision, its mechanisms, the causes of visual impairment, and potential interventions.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The following specialized areas contribute to the comprehensive understanding and advancement of eye care:</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Optometry</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Visual Science</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Pharmacology and Drug Therapy in Eye Diseases</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Primary and Secondary Eye Care</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmology Surgical Tips and Devices</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">These fields collectively contribute to the ongoing exploration of how humans perceive vision, the reasons behind vision-related challenges, and innovative solutions to address them.</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading2"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ophthalmogenetics and Gene Therapy </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse2" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading2"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ophthalmogenetics and Gene Therapy</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The complex process of normal eye development takes place during the initial trimester of pregnancy and involves the interaction of numerous genes. When errors, known as mutations, occur in these genes, they can lead to the development of serious eye conditions. Ophthalmic genetics is an essential and rapidly advancing field on a global scale. The prevalence of genetic disorders is exacerbated by ethnic diversity and a high degree of consanguinity, resulting in a worldwide epidemic.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In people of working age, inherited retinal disease (IRD) stands out as the most common cause of blindness. The molecular diagnosis of such conditions has been accelerated by advancements in molecular genetic techniques, including focused gene panel analysis and the application of next-generation sequencing methodologies. Additionally, progress in ocular imaging and visual function tests has deepened our understanding of the natural history of these diseases, a crucial aspect for assessing the efficacy of potential IRD treatments in clinical trials.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The exploration and management of inherited retinal diseases involve various specialized areas:</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Clinical Electrophysiology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Clinical Trials</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Gene Therapy</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Genomics</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Genotype-Phenotype Correlation</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Gene Mutation</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Gene Sequencing</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Inherited Retinal Disease</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Molecular Biology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmic Genetics</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinal Imaging</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Stem Cells</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">These areas collectively contribute to the comprehensive understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of inherited retinal diseases, addressing both the genetic basis and clinical manifestations of these conditions.</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading3"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ocular Oncology and Eye Tumours </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse3" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading3"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ocular Oncology and Eye Tumours</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ocular tumors, commonly known as eye tumors, are abnormal growths affecting the eyes. Tumors consist of cells that can exhibit either malignant (cancerous) or benign (noncancerous) characteristics. Among eye tumors, metastatic tumors are the most prevalent. The specialized field dedicated to the study and treatment of cancers occurring in or around the eyes is referred to as ocular oncology. These tumors vary in severity, ranging from benign to life-threatening, with potential consequences including vision loss or even the loss of the affected eye. Providing care for individuals with eye cancer involves unique challenges not encountered in typical ophthalmic practices.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Distinct aspects of ocular oncology include:</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Biomarkers and Early Detection of Cancers</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Adjuvant Therapies</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Improved Visual Outcomes After Ocular Melanoma Treatment</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Clinical Care</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Types of Ocular Tumors</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Challenges of Ocular Oncology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">These components collectively contribute to the comprehensive understanding and management of ocular tumors, addressing both the early detection and advanced treatment modalities to enhance visual outcomes and overall patient care.</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading4"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ocular Immunology and Microbiology </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse4" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading4"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ocular Immunology and Microbiology</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A comprehensive understanding of immunology, both in a general context and specifically in relation to ocular responses, enables doctors to offer a wider range of care. Ocular Immunologists, who are specialized ophthalmologists with advanced training in Ocular Immunology, possess highly specialized diagnostic and therapeutic skills. They are adept at caring for patients with eye ailments stemming from aberrant immunoregulatory systems. Ocular Immunologists address inflammatory disorders of the eye, systemic autoimmune diseases, and administer systemic immunomodulatory therapies, showcasing advanced training and clinical proficiency.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The human eye, constantly exposed to the environment, faces various pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms that affect the ocular surface. Each layer of the eye naturally harbors several microbes. Infection of the outer eye structures is a prevalent form of eye disease, even though the eye is generally resilient to germs. Infections in the eye can arise due to factors such as trauma, surgery, or systemic diseases.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Key areas within the field of Ocular Immunology include:</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Inflammation and Inflammatory Eye Disorders</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Uveitis</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Immunomodulatory Therapy (IMT)</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Autoimmune Ocular Disease and Allergy</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retina Immunobiology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Microbiota</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ocular Infections</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ocular Pathogens</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Antibiotic Susceptibility</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">These components collectively contribute to the specialized knowledge required for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular conditions influenced by immunological factors.</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading5"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ophthalmology Diseases and Disorders </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse5" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading5"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ophthalmology Diseases and Disorders</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A significant portion of the population experiences vision issues at some point in their lives. While certain symptoms may resolve on their own or with home remedies, others necessitate professional attention. Whether your vision has deteriorated over time or has always been a concern, there are steps you can take to address your eye health. Various factors, such as eye infections, genetic predisposition, injuries, foreign objects in the eye, and vision disorders associated with systemic conditions like diabetes or hypertension, can impact eye health.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Numerous eye conditions, ranging from infections and injuries to genetic disorders, may not exhibit early symptoms, and visual abnormalities may only become apparent once the condition has advanced, posing challenges for effective treatment.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Refractive Errors</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Age-Related Macular Degeneration</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Glaucoma</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Cataract</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diabetic Retinopathy</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Amblyopia</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Strabismus</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Uveitis</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Low Vision</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Low Vision Rehabilitation</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinitis Pigmentosa</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Thyroid Eye Disease (TED or Graves Eye Disease)</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diabetic Macular Edema</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Macular Dystrophy</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Seeking timely professional advice and adopting appropriate interventions can help manage these conditions and maintain optimal eye health.</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading6"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse6" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading6"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmology, as a medical specialty, encompasses the comprehensive study of eye health and the visual system, covering aspects such as anatomy, physiology, histology, and diseases related to vision. Given the pivotal role vision plays in our daily lives, clinical ophthalmology emerges as a vital field within medicine, focusing on the examination, understanding, and treatment of eye physiology and disorders.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In the realm of clinical ophthalmology, practitioners engage in the diagnosis and surgical intervention for a broad spectrum of eye diseases. The clinical procedures employed enable the identification and assessment of various conditions affecting the eye. This specialized branch of medicine is dedicated to advancing knowledge and making clinical breakthroughs related to diverse eye conditions, as well as refining methodologies for patient care in ophthalmology.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The scope of clinical ophthalmology extends to research on ophthalmic surgical techniques, translational research, ocular medicines, and other related areas. Furthermore, experimental ophthalmology serves as the foundational research arm of this field. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Disease</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Patient Safety and Quality of Care Improvements</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Patient Education and Patient Compliance</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Patient Adherence/Satisfaction</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"> </p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading7"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Ophthalmic Healthcare </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse7" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading7"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Ophthalmic Healthcare</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">An ophthalmologist, whether a medical or osteopathic doctor specializing in eye and vision care, distinguishes themselves from optometrists and opticians in terms of training and the scope of conditions they can diagnose and treat. The future of ophthalmology presents both opportunities and challenges. Successful ophthalmic practices in the future will be recognized for delivering top-notch and streamlined treatment, requiring readiness to support the evolution of integrated care systems.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The key to future success lies in adhering to standardized care processes based on established practice guidelines, ensuring that the level of treatment aligns appropriately with the healthcare practitioner's expertise. Striving for high-quality and efficient care will be essential in navigating the evolving landscape of eye and vision health.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Throughout its history, ophthalmology has benefited from visionary leadership, allowing for adaptation, prosperity, and continuous enhancement of the population's eye health. These enduring qualities are poised to be advantageous as the field moves forward into the future.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Future Trends in Ophthalmology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Issues Facing Ophthalmologists</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Demographics, Economics, Human Factors, And Informatics</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading8"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> New Diagnostic Techniques and Instruments </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse8" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading8"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>New Diagnostic Techniques and Instruments</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmologists continuously seek innovative methods to enhance patient treatment, with a focal point on advancing precise and efficient diagnostic tools. The evolution of diagnostic procedures in ophthalmology has come a long way since the initial stages of pars plana vitrectomy, marked by limited instrumentation and diagnostic capabilities, restricting the range of entities diagnosable through invasive means. The integration of cutting-edge instruments has significantly elevated the standards of eye care and the management of prevalent ocular conditions. The ongoing development of new technologies holds the promise of further elevating the identification and treatment of eye issues, thereby enhancing the overall quality of eye care.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diagnostic Procedures in Ophthalmology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diagnostic Therapeutic Instruments</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ophthalmic Instruments and Diagnostic Tests</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading9"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse9" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Cornea and External Diseases </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse9" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading9"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Cornea and External Diseases</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The transparent frontal region of the eye, known as the cornea, covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Collaborating with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, contributing to approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. Unmyelinated nerve endings within the cornea are responsive to touch, temperature, and chemicals, triggering an automatic eyelid-closing response when touched. The cornea, vital for maintaining transparency, remains devoid of blood vessels in its healthy state. Ailments affecting the outer layer of the eye fall under corneal and external diseases. Common ocular surface diseases include dry eye, corneal infections, blepharitis, allergies, conjunctivitis, and corneal dystrophies, all of which may lead to corneal clouding.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Corneal Allotransplantation</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Corneal Dystrophies</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Blepharitis</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Allergic Disease</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Trachoma</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Corneal Trauma</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading10"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse10" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Eye Surgeries </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse10" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading10"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Eye Surgeries</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Ocular surgery, commonly referred to as eye surgery, involves surgical procedures performed on the eye or its surrounding structures by an ophthalmologist. Due to the delicate nature of the eye, special attention is crucial before, during, and after surgery to minimize or prevent additional harm. A skilled eye surgeon is responsible for selecting the most suitable surgical approach for the patient and ensuring the implementation of all necessary safety measures. Anesthesia is essential, given the abundant nerve supply to the eye, with local anesthesia being the most commonly used type. Eye surgery can address various conditions such as glaucoma, cataracts, detached retinas, retinal tears, diabetic retinopathy, and refractive errors like nearsightedness or farsightedness.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Vitreoretinal Surgery</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Oculoplastic Surgery</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Lasik Surgery</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Cataract Surgery</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Refractive Surgery</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Reconstructive Surgery</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading11"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse11" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Neuro-Ophthalmology </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse11" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading11"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Neuro-Ophthalmology</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Possessing excellent eyesight facilitates the completion of daily tasks effortlessly. However, vision problems are widespread, prompting the emergence of a specialized field known as neuro-ophthalmology in both neurology and ophthalmology. Neuro-ophthalmologists are eye doctors with expertise in addressing visual issues originating from the neurological system. These specialists focus on diagnosing and treating neurological and systemic conditions that impact vision and eye movement. While some disorders within the purview of neuro-ophthalmology may not pose an immediate threat to life, others can progress, leading to irreversible vision loss or even mortality. The issues may be confined to the optic nerve or neurological system, or they may be associated with broader medical conditions.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Neurologic and Ophthalmologic Sciences</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diagnosing and Treating</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Neoplastic Conditions Affecting the Oculomotor and Visual Systems</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading12"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse12" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse12" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading12"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Pediatric ophthalmology stands out as an intriguing field, although it can be challenging due to the intricacies of examining young children. While all ophthalmologists possess some training in pediatric eye conditions, those specializing in pediatric ophthalmology bring enhanced expertise and experience in diagnosing and treating common eye issues in children. These professionals focus on inspecting, diagnosing, and treating eye problems in neonates, children, and adolescents, and they serve as both medical and surgical specialists, conducting eye surgeries on children.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">One prevalent condition they address is strabismus, where both eyes fail to align in the same direction, leading to a lack of simultaneous focus on the same object. "Crossed eyes" represent a common manifestation of strabismus, occurring either intermittently or regularly. Prolonged presence of this condition during childhood can result in amblyopia (lazy eyes) and the loss of depth perception.Congenital Eye Disorders</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Alignment Disorders</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Problems in Children</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diagnosing and Treating Eye Disorders</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading13"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse13" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Aging Eyes: Changes, Disease and Care </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse13" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading13"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Aging Eyes: Changes, Disease and Care</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">As one ages, changes occur in the eyes. While certain issues become more prevalent with aging, they can affect individuals at any stage of life. Presbyopia, for instance, is a condition where the eye's lens becomes less flexible and loses the ability to thicken over time, impacting its capacity to focus on nearby objects. Additionally, the number of mucous cells in the conjunctiva may decrease with age, and tear production may diminish, leading to a reduced availability of tears to keep the eye's surface adequately moist. Consequently, dry eyes become more common in older adults due to these age-related changes.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Preventing and Treating Eye Disease</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Cataract</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Glaucoma</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Age-Related Macular Degeneration</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diabetic Retinopathy</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Vision Deterioration</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Age Related Eye Conditions</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"> </p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading14"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse14" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Nanotechnology in Ophthalmology </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse14" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading14"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Nanotechnology in Ophthalmology</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nanotechnology is an emerging concept poised to become the forefront of scientific and technological advancements. Operating on the scale of nanometer-sized molecules, it has showcased its capabilities in various fields such as space exploration, medicine, and other scientific disciplines. Given the eye's compact and exposed nature, it presents an ideal target for nanotechnology applications.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The introduction of nanomedicines has sparked considerable enthusiasm for ophthalmic pharmacotherapy, envisioning the potential of nanostructured drugs to navigate the restrictive barriers of the eye. Despite the promising outlook, challenges such as ensuring safe manufacturing processes and understanding unforeseen biological implications of nanomaterial use currently impede the widespread adoption of nanotechnology. However, these obstacles are not insurmountable, and ongoing advancements suggest that this evolving field is likely to yield innovative treatments for various ocular disorders.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nanomedicine</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nano Pharmaceuticals</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nanostructured Drugs</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading15"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse15" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Retina And Retinal Detachment </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse15" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading15"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Retina And Retinal Detachment</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The delicate membrane that lines the inner surface at the back of the eyeball is referred to as the retina. Comprising multiple layers, one of which houses specialized cells called photoreceptors, the retina plays a crucial role in vision. As light passes through the eyes, the lens focuses an image onto the retina.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A detached retina occurs when the retina lifts away from the back of the eye. This detachment disrupts its normal function, resulting in blurred vision. Retinal detachment is a serious issue, and prompt consultation with an ophthalmologist is essential to prevent potential vision loss in the affected eye. Despite the absence of pain associated with retinal detachment, there are often symptoms that precede the detachment and should not be ignored. Seeking timely medical attention is crucial in addressing this condition.Retinal Detachment Symptoms</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinal tear</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinal Detachment Causes and Types</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinal Detachment Risk Factors</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Retinal Detachment Prevention</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nystagmus</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading16"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse16" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Dry Eye Infographic/Dry Eye Syndrome </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse16" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading16"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Dry Eye Infographic/Dry Eye Syndrome</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Dry eyes result from a prolonged lack of lubrication and moisture on the eye's surface. Maintaining a consistent and sufficient layer of tears on the eye is essential for overall eye health, comfort, and optimal vision. The condition associated with dry eyes is known as dry eye syndrome (DES), or alternatively, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Dry eye syndrome can manifest with a range of symptoms, from minor irritation to severe inflammation, and in some cases, it may lead to scarring on the front surface of the eye. This prevalent ocular condition affects a significant portion of the population, with estimates indicating a prevalence of 5–34 percent depending on the demographic studied.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eye Infographic</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Contact Lens</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Diagnosis and Pathophysiology</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Artificial Tears and Other Treatments</span></span></span></p> </p> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" role="tab" id="heading17"> <h4 class="panel-title"> <a role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapse17" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Vision Rehabilitation </a> </h4> </div> <div id="collapse17" class="panel-collapse collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="heading17"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><b>Vision Rehabilitation</b></br><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rehabilitation, essentially synonymous with "becoming able again," facilitates patients in reclaiming physical, social, emotional, and spiritual independence, contributing to an overall improvement in their quality of life. The goal of rehabilitation is to enhance functionality and independence by adapting to challenges rather than reversing the underlying causes of harm. Specifically addressing vision-related challenges, medical rehabilitation geared toward improving or managing low vision is referred to as vision rehabilitation, often abbreviated as vision rehab. In essence, it is the systematic process of restoring functional capacity and enhancing the quality of life and independence for individuals who have experienced vision loss due to disease or injury. Vision rehabilitation in the context of low vision enables optometrists to assist their patients in improving function, independence, and overall health.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Clinical Studies and Treatments</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Neurological Approach</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Chemical Treatments</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm; text-align:justify"><span 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glyphicon-minus"); }); $(function(){ // Run it on page-loaded setHeaderColour(); // Run it on scroll $(window).scroll(setHeaderColour); }); function setHeaderColour() { if ($(window).scrollTop() < 10) { $('.conf-nav').css('background-color', 'transparent'); // $('.shivasclps').css('color', '#fff','!important'); } else{ $(".conf-nav").css('background-color', '#122465'); // $('.shivasclps').css('color', '#fff','!important'); } } $(document).ready(function () { $('.logo-slick').slick({ slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, autoplay: true, arrows: false, autoplaySpeed: 2000, responsive: [{ breakpoint: 800, settings: { slidesToShow: 3 } }, { breakpoint: 620, settings: { slidesToShow: 2 } }, { breakpoint: 460, settings: { slidesToShow: 2 } }] }); }); </script> <script> $(window).scroll(function() { var scrolledVal = $(document).scrollTop().valueOf(); if (scrolledVal > 180) { $('.logoscrollup').css('opacity', '0') } else { $('.logoscrollup').css('opacity', '1') } }); //13-05-2021 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