CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "dl.acm.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8eb0ebb8fb135c33',cH: 'uhbn35BUWfvj3l.4XQxCE0VPmD2jmq10faKTDaWSP9c-1733033496-1.2.1.1-3Js_FX6HKYQnvbZSRDqSixni0NcEjbc97J7bOX4boELlZEs6z7S18OMpR_DqzfC.',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/book\/10.1145\/3679004?__cf_chl_tk=zxUKjYuD85JpTfhENWxzqiKzOfZlNZuo2OpUXEff0EE-1733033496-1.0.1.1-D991FlnmAIMAifb.DFdvuwJ53RG3gaswS3.6avcVgqE",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1733033496',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/book\/10.1145\/3679004?__cf_chl_f_tk=zxUKjYuD85JpTfhENWxzqiKzOfZlNZuo2OpUXEff0EE-1733033496-1.0.1.1-D991FlnmAIMAifb.DFdvuwJ53RG3gaswS3.6avcVgqE",md: "CcMjheEY4O1B_AXKvKbJmFpyiSv2e344gO4S06BbKIE-1733033496-1.2.1.1-FM12yf6MAh1.mVVOpq0lFlNigy9bHue72eqLGWgYMGMGPgukc9T6dBAu7pTMSAlcLimpsdrp1Up1PpmVPGS60JlU97R1CfSVgQQ37mTJUAIhVcptM3DGDrodH4YGM7f8SNflBLCCB8JwY9jzH69DQkaFX7txpMD5arr59puyQvGkeYd2l1KNdYNf_4_Q.6hQS9c1z0LD0i8MPp_TH8e5qkLusSK5e8Vv5SkD0XIsoTacKaeEvG2lE3q9XAKxu9aAqZbaryJaa_Yfe39qzbF3mWUwI.WYjFHKSC.ffRxtb9jX6kTZVb4JKKfFbFAi3s.PvzANjY49JFcGkEhM0MJqaID6zBzhlwQatSKK9lJUFSZLNOe9Ovsgwvy4inOKPcEaUwUmPdQu5Odh0tmEKR0lcDqSWkyWpSIMSERp5UfF62xEwxvg4HIB0K0UoEo3066Gw2uFdw2CoaohZeh6iyC.fw6aKu5zH9VzJKl4psj4ymC01aIgvciz0xJt66TjB1eWc5CE97_rfKqkPeGNQN5dGIqoyrK4iTjce45yrblYO3bhGnAQj_S23dTFyJCENx6A.DaTmu_52xeenI.4yWvBcmkLqY.EAIFnbeTd_Dk7IoeRaWD7jkm0gsBZM_qHvbcsABPnwx3PwwQKOFtroaslth6DwTxDhA0ZgUebY2XwkfSNu1dEjMBhGDa4MVfE8Ihlw76LZe0xj8HPgL7zJIepRHQcKFfzjiuS1iiXSawb6B9d9aNR5bhMzdhCaVncoOCZEb5v3GdR_8ISx0DMJzfHhyUwSSXcqucrM8wo3LJ.RLhnhmdpbtgOTvfVYh3afk73yojLqbo0HbXyc1NOrbFjW2sah0woLGbNeCzlGIPkhFhzJ4RD0nl.B9PTE8nw25_ihlfejyZ2_x.l.8hf0KCeChGYJN8RpPZtFPqJhDfYFQz2zLTPdSIiD5X2R7MVb6IWgp2dKvHo7oaGGcpfARXYpILeFy2YP_MXMdLIVcf3EQ2rmTnZHlD.hF2qY1zUssnrVbjsffGcQwRqCTW9QUpeZ07Hey8hV0YAOWlVQ7swTsKRnWSpmxxYw3H2V.dtm0AExlg9rd9rCp2m5lWvYiddTDps6MsKMbrcB50Cc5vt8SnU3PoNOcJTdUfwGVQ3QqDGZQBka9iaGmUH7HHxLDbWHthvpjgMYXNHigkZUpJmJqR7LLMvTYDPihP.q2DRP5tYje2NaPYlcApHASgBWx2CeBVUPWcCXngCssVN0ad6WzQ6_R2xW_V6fYfV.3Wa9U9CI.VvJX4HNAnOoN.PWz.VTiSJ2zCuuJt2lJ93ZLhYyWEWcKF.76IaxDoMuDDx3gCh6qTaQEDhtYCqiguNC9KxgVwiqSf2L.RAcKhwmpzHr0HjCfJwkgPLCDf5GYegLakjITkV5xy1fe.bDHPbIEJj6Wop3AMzCFPjm0nqJgpRgYniDuP_6yMkecWPzisg17nEggCm6pr8t2D7OPK4MV8jteBknyIoo.v0izzYZG.PsoxB1YRdWxwgow2zEEZmbF7ebaoDs55rHFJwUEK6JX.xy0CDvGYhxx1oXdWeGj0ERcx4NeLCgN.sQsVr.wBtCijMbQ6aistPp7cmuLd8OTRFTZDnAlgczAEbZPO1q5JOKJKu7nnIMLpZIZcA2RFK65UxTEXERnMXkQBaV5w8HbB.DtSEGgInkDZdpgXiTvm9D_n2L9iIDOouPHDzOp1x0ox6DM0rDC2cQgvzMAUDRAK6qtKCF3rBHsHhzUVKn6Zz_qXF9vcycTSvdGEj9Ud7cvyqWk8ooNTl0r.F3tq8mRxyLwRbMKNrjHM6LiyPf9AecE9RwPlVjOMUINTVsdTL1IO.XzPhUtbW2i68cydyxhsRpN244ugdnwcFWhy3cegQrmd_xWDcYP__iIEH9dOpoZMD4qDnk_A8QXCb0H7UqeY8SZI5rQjvy1uSzudtwUBYEWgDqvnA6ruTiUsJ86No.CPTD_8XGnNKOaTZtpethTPv0lqMuA0oi_pRAOYqMG17eDTWRboQVK5TzIpDvKCwIXR1.XtHUPDI498m4sZddE3C4.R06fxpgcBBjgKTtaFqfaeVWDXMrqxuC42Uwo3exwXf747Yqf21XJ5ZeNOVPhxsA93Rki.bC9RT0.PQf3NxZL3MuDQ4MX_1uNlBprzt4qS6kZupF7KCANvve2OgOO0cU_uO6UCMbslsjNS8nvE4BjDjBGG6V00o4Xw_HOMVHauyYfYNE8V_0pOPS4e8Agne6GW9jQKub8joL59UjFHbfJhTSVqjaSYEVbM1bSZKEfTcg84qH.DvEuIYliN5GJTObc_emzlfjD0vnKksZVpr4swJdS0OWlF4aZlqC3J2eEIo.kF2W8w2Gi9KtoIa9NW.XgRDB5QAA5p4O9fuqyMFeCOmKGe.A8jUTAzyins3GyPtqGRbV0wlrlIxd6Y9VgL9aNBcXNV.qYBxmxyLMmAgLAl7_dQSEDweRmhK3ITeRj_phtEFa55WEWopVBIwKeTXPfzuHRSsH4eBGLolU4D0134_d8c63GjqrFQqRt7cvntHFakOXSI0lwiOS61FEGJaOgXLjImGWrm0k1j6m0o.W1tbZ0gwea6263LEHIXr2qEKbS6pVBB0JCvML8JNCJ0SHtx4ucPXSvxHHRH.g9eOD7OAqfgFFnI95qlbMSrpx2oKJgoYzggPJpN79gngkMGp2E8431AxiHNdWvdGIlGOMXa4Hm5Wl90z7kD770N1E8O68OFSCzHQU5npj6DGldxqduy8aewkRGLv9v_zU.So7JkRkT9ipEL8YngEEZi4lIo6Y71Fur0LnXcLgCeGp3_MoagxJjSVUc8GC0aqva6o5oiM1vxytUGuAp204ApaHRZoDfww2ZfhDekKDxC6jgxR6DbBw8zWFy2laAGWCV1jJz4p2Awhg6KwYb8WMLdi3vw6EzcFr5aJuKmgLa4urEkUggLvmXyVG1uXtUBWKyfKpUg",mdrd: "E7uRp91p0fKn5JPWrxXWJZ2r9N3pOl_eJC7RCL1pd6A-1733033496-1.2.1.1-2uYSqMKJBhZMvcVAkPnA2QTzj.LkitGM66UO7k2ouXPdTgjZKTd6S_C1MvH3VqJQx6RmJwnvVrDGtswXu2A9rOwNYDYQFE8P_hwJd5MAuB28OWxNhZtJZPNDG4zh.3lubC2DB5vdz7E9xcDHv_o2SK597h3ntIgNYRqZKflhtCGSIck85h3vLdUnFOjzr_eF_r5Icw_cYPKQt4g7Gb5n3twXY7CBC5heRm03lZ7Vcw97Vbz4E0G9X_OJnA6dlpeZnt7NqVUane1Gk9DoYvvvG4cnwhwu_mX8wwZDKSluTVzTdTJcg1tbPOWuB5Q2rZpONaI3PJezdBnP5WM2LdHw0yvoFbQPhXUepat4ruJx26dKZK9AR88rLzUEBJmIJNhYB00lY7l5RkDox3nkVVsYsBr35j8Ctdz0AHrzkXWVhPZ_TOyuyJaUh9UMedMuMR2btyt5sPH1LjqsZoSxBQ4gv_ZLqjULAZwmvps4sX2JUZEUn7MIWGqf3T7WjghU8OAwqfajYSnBevEJqW0hJnb6vYyBst3lJh2dDmnJ0NM7OYsFFO8k6euwPgbbgQ470Jk3uIwA6YuDDEcGdpE95nZgrHZDhAZ6zqdvU8BhldMDXz.LlO1oUR2IV2E8tVXRbDePlxnta7vpLpc7.D4vfbPEDzi62Ik.phmMtL_znvuWxWxFhX74j7c06oMoOHpVywZpga5N.1_kMgsHmPJ3fa.U4_nUrIoDqGZEQAmuXqLiFTLpMcKcf6U2ag1GcHcGsgPOFxo0dj5DGNNcQhBFi5EE_hSEbs0RW_SSS3JU3jp9P3f8H4odIInLjLtKv7VxyoiMWsOJzPkySyxj30P.PDmpt1o6CtOoI4OVpZMR6h5HlJU7Qea3GcCO5x1YUxsp0V6Zc_fHMi9x.TOEM_ncPaxBdE90uCWQt4MZN8yOzRRxYCV4F0OWifIDe._v0n959P_Fp8wHhaBm9RP3.Bsu527YvcrAhbJACwcxee5Y5Ag0_ckx0IzmG9MlKQy_sOJU0lXRncQw76ynPKWI6JGDpbF.KHmhxIG0FeHhLGf2_lCpIAk.EvRVc5mvFeqjIdK5b45U6SBAh5qFd5NucnZapUt5TvXaGFguuq5Rg6ZfwMHVA9K7UslICSIz2HquplJQWsjMGlrsjRSIkMNtikyXvHgcQzkiDdIqIhM_CKBLMKVkt2wkPazM.r4jdl_PxjZP9zIZhgaNzLfSai1f_phx2lTxhB5GgGgZJ1i8_dkr9WgOMsSexAQJoUdIwC.QfbuLwzCHMYWyr70ufpNxsyyknQgb3NFLNvT8YEVt6Mx1DfUxBOSOyXWWc5LlsfHA_IpQ92BDzPo3mG_rYo23s4P3dQpBW2ASoMPFUij8cYTtDy_8MSDzkLQQT1x7d_.qXErBgzv.peeZuPB7spWjj_1C75BILbVleJzRX_2Sv4a2SITIFBZitaSb1RtvPvXisoMhRqVVtSbsH5NAyMDX.4y4lqQ0nZKZH8eMH3JJXaLr6YFmsTVs27XqgM4yn2._SEFhjTuQUpRbAhGb2YzdavxfE0V_GPXN.mqInCTGIa1Mu0VPryWrzTeesKS.pxcYTr.VlWIG0W_.BEgW10tY6mPdm170H_vg.xBLzNe1o5t_RHB4DQGoXJuNa7i6tZpSQXbxtovgOjjA1dGQ7MDGlO5HBLMTRcGbJziXGR1A_D8zbc6eN3_syNbbtXqD5e.Zt_Qp2sJ7FtJwMYDqWnl_t.pqAmaagOrLlE7tko.z0Z_RYCEBuEbcRa262LQtnI18pm10dlKVp23Ijv4ztBmqHyGXoOe9CFNQNEWQvHO5L8.MlvfFJoJ87qywxCG1fKJdGnBLp5WDsLFZpx4SxA0n0YEdgv1ir0bS7uES5UZbZa7cJsZe_a6KE.5cRqHJiFkYUlBTVaZhu1nF02ALkoOijJCR653bk8G0t_WQtwi04aLdqp0FlaM"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8eb0ebb8fb135c33';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/book\/10.1145\/3679004?__cf_chl_rt_tk=zxUKjYuD85JpTfhENWxzqiKzOfZlNZuo2OpUXEff0EE-1733033496-1.0.1.1-D991FlnmAIMAifb.DFdvuwJ53RG3gaswS3.6avcVgqE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>