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class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reproduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conservation_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservation_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Conservation status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservation_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Genera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cusk-eel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%C3%ADdids" title="Ofídids – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ofídids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bartmännchen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bartmännchen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روده‌ماهیان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روده‌ماهیان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%A8%EC%B9%98%EA%B3%BC" title="첨치과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="첨치과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hujke_(Ophidiiformes)" title="Hujke (Ophidiiformes) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hujke (Ophidiiformes)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belukur" title="Belukur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Belukur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="זלדקניים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זלדקניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brotulin%C4%97s_gyvatin%C4%97s_menk%C4%97s" title="Brotulinės gyvatinės menkės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Brotulinės gyvatinės menkės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADgy%C3%B3half%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Kígyóhalfélék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kígyóhalfélék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belukur" title="Belukur – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Belukur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wy%C5%9Blizgowate" title="Wyślizgowate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyślizgowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Ошибневые – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ошибневые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4%C3%A4rmenilkat" title="Käärmenilkat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Käärmenilkat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Ошибневі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ошибневі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" title="Ophidiidae – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ophidiidae" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%AC%E9%AD%9A%E7%A7%91" title="鼬魚科 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鼬魚科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q809481" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ophidiidae&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophidiidae">Ophidiidae</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Family of fishes</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Cusk-eel<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">Maastrichtian–present</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:195.59692307692px; width:24.403076923077px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:195.59692307692px; width:24.403076923077px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:196.59692307692px; width:22.403076923077px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg/220px-Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg/330px-Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg/440px-Spectrunculus_grandis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="845" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Pudgy cusk-eel (<i><a href="/wiki/Spectrunculus_grandis" title="Spectrunculus grandis">Spectrunculus grandis</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Ophidiidae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">Actinopterygii</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ophidiiformes" title="Ophidiiformes">Ophidiiformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suborder: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ophidioidei" title="Ophidioidei">Ophidioidei</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ophidiidae</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque" title="Constantine Samuel Rafinesque">Rafinesque</a>, 1810</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subfamilies </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p>See text </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>cusk-eel</b> <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a>, <b>Ophidiidae</b>, is a group of <a href="/wiki/Marine_(ocean)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine (ocean)">marine</a> <a href="/wiki/Osteichthyes" title="Osteichthyes">bony fishes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ophidiiformes" title="Ophidiiformes">Ophidiiformes</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">order</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Scientific_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific name">scientific name</a> is from the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> <i>ophis</i> meaning "snake", and refers to their <a href="/wiki/Eel" title="Eel">eel</a>-like appearance. True eels diverged from other <a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">ray-finned fish</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a>, while cusk-eels are part of the <a href="/wiki/Percomorpha" title="Percomorpha">Percomorpha</a> clade, along with tuna, perch, seahorses and others. </p><p>The oldest fossil cusk-eel is <i><a href="/wiki/Ampheristus" title="Ampheristus">Ampheristus</a></i>, a highly successful genus with numerous species that existed from the <a href="/wiki/Late_Cretaceous" title="Late Cretaceous">Late Cretaceous</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maastrichtian" title="Maastrichtian">Maastrichtian</a>) to the early <a href="/wiki/Oligocene" title="Oligocene">Oligocene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cusk-eels lives in temperate and tropical oceans throughout the world. They live close to the sea bottom, ranging from shallow water to the <a href="/wiki/Hadal_zone" title="Hadal zone">hadal zone</a>. One species, <i><a href="/wiki/Abyssobrotula_galatheae" title="Abyssobrotula galatheae">Abyssobrotula galatheae</a></i>, was recorded at the bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Trench" title="Puerto Rico Trench">Puerto Rico Trench</a>, making it the deepest recorded fish at 8,370 m (27,460 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-EoF_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cusk-eels are generally very solitary in nature, but some species have been seen to associate themselves with tube worm communities.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liking to be hidden when they are not foraging, they generally associate themselves within muddy bottoms, sinkholes, or larger structures that they can hide in or around, such as caves, coral crevices, or communities of bottom-dwelling invertebrates, with some parasitic species of cusk-eel actually living inside of <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrate</a> hosts, such as <a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">oysters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">clams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber" title="Sea cucumber">sea cucumbers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cusk-eels generally feed <a href="/wiki/Nocturnality" title="Nocturnality">nocturnally</a>, preying on invertebrates, <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a> and other small bottom-dwelling fishes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Phylogeny"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the inconsistencies in specific morphological characteristics in closely related species, attempts to use different characters, such as the position of <a href="/wiki/Pelvic_fin" title="Pelvic fin">pelvic fins</a>, to classify Ophiididae into distinct families has proven highly unsatisfactory. Overall, Ophidiidae are classified based on whether or not they practice viviparity and the structures they contain that are associated with bearing life.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cusk-eels are characterized by a long, slender body that is about 12–13 times as long as it is deep. The largest species, <i><a href="/wiki/Lamprogrammus_shcherbachevi" title="Lamprogrammus shcherbachevi">Lamprogrammus shcherbachevi</a></i>, grows up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in length, but most species are shorter than 1 m (3.3 ft). Their dorsal and anal fins are typically continuous with the <a href="/wiki/Caudal_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Caudal fin">caudal fin</a> (with exception to a few species), forming a long, ribbon like fin around the posterior of the cusk-eel's body.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This caudal fin will often be seen to be reduced to a fleshy or bony point, especially when confluent with the dorsal and anal fins. The <a href="/wiki/Dorsal_fin" title="Dorsal fin">dorsal fin</a> to <a href="/wiki/Anal_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Anal fin">anal fin</a> ray ratio is approximately 1.5:1, leading to the dorsal fin typically being longer than the anal. The <a href="/wiki/Pectoral_fins" class="mw-redirect" title="Pectoral fins">pectoral fins</a> of cusk-eels are typically longer than the length of their head. Unlike true <a href="/wiki/Eel" title="Eel">eels</a> of the order <a href="/wiki/Anguilliformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Anguilliformes">Anguilliformes</a>, cusk-eels have <a href="/wiki/Ventral_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventral fin">ventral fins</a> that are developed into a forked <a href="/wiki/Barbel_(anatomy)" title="Barbel (anatomy)">barbel</a>-like organ below the mouth. In true eels by contrast, the ventral fins are never well-developed and usually missing entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cusk-eels have large mouths relative to their heads, with the upper jaw reaching beyond the eye, and paired nostrils on either side of the head. In cusk-eels, <a href="/wiki/Fish_scale" title="Fish scale">scales</a> are potentially absent; when present, they are small.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reproduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike their close relatives, the <a href="/wiki/Viviparity" title="Viviparity">viviparous</a> brotulas of the family <a href="/wiki/Bythitidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Bythitidae">Bythitidae</a>, cusk-eel species are egg-bearing, or <a href="/wiki/Oviparity" title="Oviparity">oviparous</a>, organisms. While the specifics of the eggs of the family Ophidiidae are unknown, they are believed to be either spawned as individual, free-floating eggs in the open water or are placed in a mucilaginous raft, which will float for several days until they hatch into cusk-eel larvae. These larvae live amongst the <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">plankton</a> relatively close to the water's surface<sup id="cite_ref-EoF_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are believed to control their metamorphoses into adult cusk-eels, dispersing over greater distances into less utilized habitats and reducing competition in concentrated areas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation_status">Conservation status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Conservation status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While a few species are fished commercially – most notably the <a href="/wiki/Pink_cusk-eel" title="Pink cusk-eel">pink cusk-eel</a>, <i>Genypterus blacodes</i> – and several species of the order Ophidiiformes are listed as vulnerable, not enough information has been gathered about Ophidiidae as a whole to determine their conservation status. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genera">Genera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Genera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cusk-eel family contains about 240 species, grouped into 50 <a href="/wiki/Genera" class="mw-redirect" title="Genera">genera</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Ampheristus" title="Ampheristus">Ampheristus</a></i> (extinct)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Subfamily Brotulinae </p> <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Brotula_(genus)" title="Brotula (genus)">Brotula</a></i> – typical brotulas</li></ul> <p>Subfamily Brotulotaenilinae </p> <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Brotulotaenia" title="Brotulotaenia">Brotulotaenia</a></i></li></ul> <p>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Abyssobrotula" title="Abyssobrotula">Abyssobrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Acanthonus" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthonus">Acanthonus</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Acanthonus_armatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthonus armatus">boney-eared assfish</a></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Alcockia" title="Alcockia">Alcockia</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Apagesoma" title="Apagesoma">Apagesoma</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Barathrites" title="Barathrites">Barathrites</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Barathrodemus" title="Barathrodemus">Barathrodemus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Bassogigas" title="Bassogigas">Bassogigas</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Bassozetus" title="Bassozetus">Bassozetus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Bathyonus" title="Bathyonus">Bathyonus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Benthocometes" title="Benthocometes">Benthocometes</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dannevigia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dannevigia">Dannevigia</a></i> – Australian tusk</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dicrolene" title="Dicrolene">Dicrolene</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Enchelybrotula" title="Enchelybrotula">Enchelybrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Epetriodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Epetriodus">Epetriodus</a></i> – needletooth cusk</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Eretmichthys" title="Eretmichthys">Eretmichthys</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Glyptophidium" title="Glyptophidium">Glyptophidium</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Holcomycteronus" title="Holcomycteronus">Holcomycteronus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Homostolus" class="mw-redirect" title="Homostolus">Homostolus</a></i> – filament cusk</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hoplobrotula" title="Hoplobrotula">Hoplobrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hypopleuron" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypopleuron">Hypopleuron</a></i> – whiptail cusk</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Lamprogrammus" title="Lamprogrammus">Lamprogrammus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Leptobrotula" class="mw-redirect" title="Leptobrotula">Leptobrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Leucicorus" title="Leucicorus">Leucicorus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Luciobrotula" title="Luciobrotula">Luciobrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Mastigopterus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mastigopterus">Mastigopterus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Monomitopus" title="Monomitopus">Monomitopus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Neobythites" title="Neobythites">Neobythites</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Neobythitoides" class="mw-redirect" title="Neobythitoides">Neobythitoides</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Penopus" title="Penopus">Penopus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Petrotyx" title="Petrotyx">Petrotyx</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Porogadus" title="Porogadus">Porogadus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Pycnocraspedum" title="Pycnocraspedum">Pycnocraspedum</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Selachophidium" class="mw-redirect" title="Selachophidium">Selachophidium</a></i> – Gunther's cusk-eel</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sirembo" title="Sirembo">Sirembo</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Spectrunculus" title="Spectrunculus">Spectrunculus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Spottobrotula" title="Spottobrotula">Spottobrotula</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Tauredophidium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauredophidium">Tauredophidium</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenuicephalus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenuicephalus (page does not exist)">Tenuicephalus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Typhlonus" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhlonus">Typhlonus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Ventichthys" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventichthys">Ventichthys</a></i> – East-Pacific ventbrotula</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Xyelacyba" class="mw-redirect" title="Xyelacyba">Xyelacyba</a></i></li></ul> </div> <p>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Ophidiinae" title="Ophidiinae">Ophidiinae</a> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Cherublemma" title="Cherublemma">Cherublemma</a></i> – black brotula</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Chilara" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilara">Chilara</a></i> – spotted cusk-eel</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Genypterus" title="Genypterus">Genypterus</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Lepophidium" title="Lepophidium">Lepophidium</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Menziesichthys" title="Menziesichthys">Menziesichthys</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Ophidion_(fish)" title="Ophidion (fish)">Ophidion</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Otophidium" title="Otophidium">Otophidium</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Parophidion" title="Parophidion">Parophidion</a></i></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Raneya" class="mw-redirect" title="Raneya">Raneya</a></i> – banded cusk-eel</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brotula_multibarbata.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brotula multibarbata (Brotulinae)"><img alt="Brotula multibarbata (Brotulinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brotula_multibarbata.jpg/120px-Brotula_multibarbata.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brotula_multibarbata.jpg/180px-Brotula_multibarbata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brotula_multibarbata.jpg/240px-Brotula_multibarbata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1948" data-file-height="1461" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Brotula_multibarbata" title="Brotula multibarbata">Brotula multibarbata</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Brotulinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brotulinae (page does not exist)">Brotulinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bassozetus_normalis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bassozetus normalis [Wikidata] (Neobythitinae)"><img alt="Bassozetus normalis [Wikidata] (Neobythitinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bassozetus_normalis.jpg/120px-Bassozetus_normalis.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bassozetus_normalis.jpg/180px-Bassozetus_normalis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bassozetus_normalis.jpg/240px-Bassozetus_normalis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="274" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bassozetus_normalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bassozetus normalis (page does not exist)">Bassozetus normalis</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2683413#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2683413"><span title=""Bassozetus normalis" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lamprogrammus niger (Neobythitinae)"><img alt="Lamprogrammus niger (Neobythitinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg/120px-Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg/180px-Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg/240px-Lamprogrammus_niger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1090" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Lamprogrammus_niger" title="Lamprogrammus niger">Lamprogrammus niger</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monomitopus agassizii (Neobythitinae)"><img alt="Monomitopus agassizii (Neobythitinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg/120px-Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg/180px-Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg/240px-Monomitopus_agassizii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1172" data-file-height="386" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Monomitopus_agassizii" title="Monomitopus agassizii">Monomitopus agassizii</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porogadus_miles.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Porogadus miles (Neobythitinae)"><img alt="Porogadus miles (Neobythitinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Porogadus_miles.jpg/120px-Porogadus_miles.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Porogadus_miles.jpg/180px-Porogadus_miles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Porogadus_miles.jpg/240px-Porogadus_miles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Porogadus_miles" class="mw-redirect" title="Porogadus miles">Porogadus miles</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tauredophidium hextii (Neobythitinae)"><img alt="Tauredophidium hextii (Neobythitinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg/120px-Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg/180px-Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg/240px-Tauredophidium_hextii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Tauredophidium_hextii" title="Tauredophidium hextii">Tauredophidium hextii</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Neobythitinae" title="Neobythitinae">Neobythitinae</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Otophidium_omostigma.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Otophidium omostigma (Ophidiinae)"><img alt="Otophidium omostigma (Ophidiinae)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Otophidium_omostigma.jpg/120px-Otophidium_omostigma.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Otophidium_omostigma.jpg/180px-Otophidium_omostigma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Otophidium_omostigma.jpg/240px-Otophidium_omostigma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1204" data-file-height="396" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Otophidium_omostigma" class="mw-redirect" title="Otophidium omostigma">Otophidium omostigma</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ophidiinae" title="Ophidiinae">Ophidiinae</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cusk-eel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cusk-eel" class="extiw" 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.reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchwarzhansStringer2020" class="citation journal cs1">Schwarzhans, Werner; Stringer, Gary L. (2020-05-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/RIPS/article/view/13425">"Fish Otoliths from the Late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, Usa) and the Early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, Usa) and an Assessment of Extinction and Survival of Teleost Lineages Across the K-Pg Boundary Based on Otoliths"</a>. <i>Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia</i>. <b>126</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13130%2F2039-4942%2F13425">10.13130/2039-4942/13425</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2039-4942">2039-4942</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rivista+Italiana+di+Paleontologia+e+Stratigrafia&rft.atitle=Fish+Otoliths+from+the+Late+Maastrichtian+Kemp+Clay+%28Texas%2C+Usa%29+and+the+Early+Danian+Clayton+Formation+%28Arkansas%2C+Usa%29+and+an+Assessment+of+Extinction+and+Survival+of+Teleost+Lineages+Across+the+K-Pg+Boundary+Based+on+Otoliths&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2020-05-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.13130%2F2039-4942%2F13425&rft.issn=2039-4942&rft.aulast=Schwarzhans&rft.aufirst=Werner&rft.au=Stringer%2C+Gary+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Friviste.unimi.it%2Findex.php%2FRIPS%2Farticle%2Fview%2F13425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35660">"PBDB"</a>. <i>paleobiodb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=paleobiodb.org&rft.atitle=PBDB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaleobiodb.org%2Fclassic%2FbasicTaxonInfo%3Ftaxon_no%3D35660&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoF-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoF_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoF_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNielsen,_Jørgen_G.1998" class="citation book cs1">Nielsen, Jørgen G. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of Fishes</i>. San Diego: <a href="/wiki/Academic_Press" title="Academic Press">Academic Press</a>. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-547665-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-547665-5"><bdi>0-12-547665-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Fishes&rft.place=San+Diego&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-12-547665-5&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+J%C3%B8rgen+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://australianmuseum.net.au/what-is-the-deepest-living-fish">"What is the deepest-living fish?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Museum" title="Australian Museum">Australian Museum</a></i>. 23 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Museum&rft.atitle=What+is+the+deepest-living+fish%3F&rft.date=2014-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faustralianmuseum.net.au%2Fwhat-is-the-deepest-living-fish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ophidiiformes-cusk-eels-and-relatives">"Ophidiiformes (Cusk-Eels and Relatives) | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Ophidiiformes+%28Cusk-Eels+and+Relatives%29+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fenvironment%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fophidiiformes-cusk-eels-and-relatives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBigelow2002" class="citation book cs1">Bigelow, Andrew (2002). <i>Bigelow and Schroeder's fishes of the Gulf of Maine</i>. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bigelow+and+Schroeder%27s+fishes+of+the+Gulf+of+Maine&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Bigelow&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/FamilySummary.php?family=Ophidiidae">"Family Ophidiidae"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. February 2006 version.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Family+Ophidiidae&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2FSummary%2FFamilySummary.php%3Ffamily%3DOphidiidae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/FamilySummary.php?family=Ophidiidae">"Family Ophidiidae"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. December 2008 version.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Family+Ophidiidae&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2FSummary%2FFamilySummary.php%3Ffamily%3DOphidiidae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACusk-eel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Ophidiidae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q809481" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q809481">Q809481</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ophidiidae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Ophidiidae">Ophidiidae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ophidiidae/">Ophidiidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Ophidiidae">Ophidiidae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id15870">15870</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=1267">1267</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/DMK">DMK</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/5410">5410</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/8476">8476</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/85466">85466</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=114094">114094</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=164807">164807</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0000160569">NBNSYS0000160569</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=94930">94930</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/1194c65b-b59b-4f41-9077-94d77998027f">1194c65b-b59b-4f41-9077-94d77998027f</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=707544">707544</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=133543">133543</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD1087D9-FFAE-4A5F-FF67-A7DB4DADFEBA">FD1087D9-FFAE-4A5F-FF67-A7DB4DADFEBA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=114269">114269</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125505">125505</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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