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id="toc-Zoroastrianism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Judaism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Judaism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Judaism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hebrew_Bible" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hebrew_Bible"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hebrew Bible</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hebrew_Bible-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rabbinic_Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rabbinic_Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Rabbinic Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rabbinic_Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mystical_Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mystical_Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Mystical Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mystical_Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Christianity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-New_Testament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Testament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>New Testament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Testament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intertestamental_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intertestamental_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Intertestamental literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intertestamental_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gnosticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gnosticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Gnosticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gnosticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_Christian_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_Christian_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Medieval Christian traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_Christian_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Feast_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feast_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>Feast day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feast_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gabriel's_horn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gabriel's_horn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.2</span> <span>Gabriel's horn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gabriel's_horn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evangelical_Christian_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evangelical_Christian_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Evangelical Christian traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evangelical_Christian_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latter-day_Saints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latter-day_Saints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Latter-day Saints</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latter-day_Saints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Islam-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Islam subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tasks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tasks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Tasks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tasks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yezidi_tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yezidi_tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Yezidi tradition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yezidi_tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art,_entertainment,_and_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art,_entertainment,_and_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Art, entertainment, and media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Art,_entertainment,_and_media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Art, entertainment, and media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Art,_entertainment,_and_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gabriel_sculptures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gabriel_sculptures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Gabriel sculptures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gabriel_sculptures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visual_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visual_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Visual art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visual_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gabriel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 104 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibril" title="Jibril – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Jibril" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabri%C3%ABl" title="Gabriël – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gabriël" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%88%E1%89%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%A4%E1%88%8D_(%E1%88%98%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%90%E1%8A%AD)" title="ገብርኤል (መልዐክ) – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ገብርኤል (መልዐክ)" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جبرائيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جبرائيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%93%DC%92%DC%AA%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A0_(%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%90%DC%9F%DC%90)" title="ܓܒܪܐܝܠ (ܡܠܐܟܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܓܒܪܐܝܠ (ܡܠܐܟܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%A2%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A7%D5%AC_%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF" title="Գաբրիէլ Հրեշտակապետ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գաբրիէլ Հրեշտակապետ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2" title="জিব্ৰাইল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জিব্ৰাইল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1nxel_Gabriel" title="Arcánxel Gabriel – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arcánxel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99bray%C4%B1l_(arxangel)" title="Cəbrayıl (arxangel) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cəbrayıl (arxangel)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جبرئیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جبرئیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%B2" title="জিবরাঈল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জিবরাঈল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB_(%D0%AF%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D1%84%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D3%99)" title="Гавриил Архангел (Ябраил фәрештә) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гавриил Архангел (Ябраил фәрештә)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB)" title="Гаўрыіл (архангел) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гаўрыіл (архангел)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BB)" title="Гаўрыіл (арханёл) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гаўрыіл (арханёл)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanghel_Gabriel" title="Arkanghel Gabriel – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Arkanghel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BB_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB)" title="Гавриил (архангел) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гавриил (архангел)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="གེབ་རི་ཨེལ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གེབ་རི་ཨེལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(arc%C3%A0ngel)" title="Gabriel (arcàngel) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gabriel (arcàngel)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(archand%C4%9Bl)" title="Gabriel (archanděl) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gabriel (archanděl)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86rkeenglen_Gabriel" title="Ærkeenglen Gabriel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ærkeenglen Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erzengel_Gabriel" title="Erzengel Gabriel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erzengel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AE%CE%BB" title="Αρχάγγελος Γαβριήλ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχάγγελος Γαβριήλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1ngel_Gabriel" title="Arcángel Gabriel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arcángel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efan%C4%9Delo_Gabrielo" title="Ĉefanĝelo Gabrielo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefanĝelo Gabrielo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(goiaingerua)" title="Gabriel (goiaingerua) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gabriel (goiaingerua)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جبرئیل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جبرئیل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(archange)" title="Gabriel (archange) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gabriel (archange)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaika_jibrilu" title="Malaika jibrilu – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Malaika jibrilu" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naomh_Gaibri%C3%A9il_(Ardaingeal)" title="Naomh Gaibriéil (Ardaingeal) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Naomh Gaibriéil (Ardaingeal)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcanxo_Gabriel" title="Arcanxo Gabriel – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arcanxo Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B2" title="જીબરિલ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જીબરિલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98" title="가브리엘 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가브리엘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mala%27ika_Jibril" title="Mala'ika Jibril – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mala'ika Jibril" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%A2%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Գաբրիել հրեշտակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գաբրիել հրեշտակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B2" title="जिब्रईल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जिब्रईल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriele_(arcangelo)" title="Gabriele (arcangelo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gabriele (arcangelo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C" title="גבריאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גבריאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91az%C9%A9y%CA%8A_s%C9%94s%C9%94_Gabriel" title="Ñazɩyʊ sɔsɔ Gabriel – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñazɩyʊ sɔsɔ Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="გაბრიელ მთავარანგელოზი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გაბრიელ მთავარანგელოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Жәбірейіл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жәбірейіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaika_Gabrieli" title="Malaika Gabrieli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Malaika Gabrieli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibray%C3%AEl" title="Cibrayîl – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cibrayîl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(archangelus)" title="Gabriel (archangelus) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gabriel (archangelus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erce%C5%86%C4%A3elis_Gabriels" title="Erceņģelis Gabriels – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Erceņģelis Gabriels" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkangelas_Gabrielius" title="Arkangelas Gabrielius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Arkangelas Gabrielius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabri%C3%ABl" title="Gabriël – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gabriël" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(Anjelu)" title="Gabriel (Anjelu) – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Gabriel (Anjelu)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1briel_arkangyal" title="Gábriel arkangyal – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gábriel arkangyal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Архангел Гаврил – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Архангел Гаврил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriela_(anjely)" title="Gabriela (anjely) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gabriela (anjely)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BD" title="ഗബ്രിയേൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗബ്രിയേൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkan%C4%A1lu_Gabrijel" title="Arkanġlu Gabrijel – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Arkanġlu Gabrijel" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2" title="जिब्राइल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जिब्राइल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="გაბრიელ თარანგელოზი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გაბრიელ თარანგელოზი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جبرائيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جبرائيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibrail" title="Jibrail – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jibrail" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibril" title="Jibril – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Jibril" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%98%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9B%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ဂေဘရီရယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂေဘရီရယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabri%C3%ABl_(aartsengel)" title="Gabriël (aartsengel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gabriël (aartsengel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB" title="ガブリエル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガブリエル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelen_Gabriel" title="Engelen Gabriel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Engelen Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabroil" title="Jabroil – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jabroil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2" title="ਜਿਬਰੀਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਿਬਰੀਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جبرائیل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جبرائیل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(ainge)" title="Gabriel (ainge) – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Gabriel (ainge)" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anio%C5%82_Gabriel" title="Anioł Gabriel – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anioł Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(anjo)" title="Gabriel (anjo) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gabriel (anjo)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhanghelul_Gabriel" title="Arhanghelul Gabriel – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arhanghelul Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Архангел Гавриил – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Архангел Гавриил" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhebraili" title="Xhebraili – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Xhebraili" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(anjel)" title="Gabriel (anjel) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gabriel (anjel)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaku_Jibriil" title="Malaku Jibriil – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Malaku Jibriil" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جبرەییل – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جبرەییل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Арханђел Гаврило – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арханђел Гаврило" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabrijel" title="Gabrijel – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gabrijel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84rke%C3%A4ngeln_Gabriel" title="Ärkeängeln Gabriel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ärkeängeln Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanghel_Gabriel" title="Arkanghel Gabriel – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Arkanghel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கபிரியேல் தேவதூதர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கபிரியேல் தேவதூதர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriyal" title="Gabriyal – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Gabriyal" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="జిబ్రయీల్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జిబ్రయీల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5" title="กาเบรียล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กาเบรียล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebr%C3%A2il" title="Cebrâil – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cebrâil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%97%D0%BB" title="Гавриїл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гавриїл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جبرائیل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جبرائیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%89%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%84" title="جىبرىئىل – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جىبرىئىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_l%C3%A3nh_thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BA%A7n_Gabriel" title="Tổng lãnh thiên thần Gabriel – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổng lãnh thiên thần Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andje_Gabriyel" title="Andje Gabriyel – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Andje Gabriyel" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanghel_Gabriel" title="Arkanghel Gabriel – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arkanghel Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%99%BE%E5%88%97" title="加百列 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="加百列" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%99%BE%E5%88%97" title="加百列 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="加百列" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebrail" title="Cebrail – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cebrail" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%99%BE%E5%88%97" title="加百列 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加百列" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Gabriel" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibril" title="Jibril – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jibril" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Angel in Abrahamic religions</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Gabriel (disambiguation)">Gabriel (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Angel Gabriel" redirects here. For the American comic book artist, see <a href="/wiki/Angel_Gabriele" title="Angel Gabriele">Angel Gabriele</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Jibrail" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see <a href="/wiki/Jebreil" title="Jebreil">Jebreil</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div><br /><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Gabriel</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class=""> <div style="width: 270px; height: 300px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -px; left: -50px; width: 768px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg/768px-Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg" decoding="async" width="768" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg/1152px-Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg/1536px-Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Annunciazione.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="4062" data-file-height="1856" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div><div class="infobox-caption">Detail of Gabriel from the <i><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)" class="mw-redirect" title="Annunciation (Leonardo da Vinci)">Annunciation</a> by <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> (1470s)</i></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold;">Archangel, Angel of the Annunciation, Angel of Revelation, Divine Herald, Commander of the Powers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>All Christian denominations which <a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Veneration of saints">venerate saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritanism" title="Samaritanism">Samaritanism</a></li> <li>Judaism</li> <li>Islam</li> <li>and others<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><b>29 September</b> with angels <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a> (Catholic Church) (post-1969)</li> <li><b>24 March</b> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a> and General Roman Calendar before 1969)</li> <li><b>26 March</b>, <b>13 July</b> (Eastern Orthodox Church)</li> <li><b>13 <a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a></b>, <b>22 <a href="/wiki/Koiak" title="Koiak">Koiak</a></b> and <b>26 <a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a></b> (Coptic Church)</li></ul> </div> <ul><li>28 of December (Tahsas 19) and 26 of July (Hamle 19) Ethiopian Calendar</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Saint_symbolism" title="Saint symbolism">Attributes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Carrying a lily,<sup id="cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronner1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a trumpet,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a shining lantern,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a branch from Paradise,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a scroll,<sup id="cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronner1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a scepter.<sup id="cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronner1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">Patronage</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Telecommunication workers,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> radio broadcasters,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> messengers,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> postal workers,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> clerics,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> diplomats,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stamp collectors,<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santander,_Cebu" title="Santander, Cebu">Santander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a>, ambassadors</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>), <b>Gabriel</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GAY</span>-bree-əl</i></a>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">archangel</a> with the power to communicate God's will to humanity. He is mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kit%C3%A1b-i-Aqdas" title="Kitáb-i-Aqdas">Kitáb-i-Aqdas</a>. Many Christian traditions – including <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> – revere Gabriel as a <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zimmerman_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zimmerman-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Blersch2019_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blersch2019-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet <a href="/wiki/Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a> to explain his visions (<a href="/wiki/Daniel_8" title="Daniel 8">Daniel 8</a>:15–26, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 9">9</a>:21–27). The archangel also appears in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Book of Enoch</a> and other ancient <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> writings not preserved in Hebrew. Alongside the archangel <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, Gabriel is described as the <a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">guardian angel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">people</a> of <a href="/wiki/History_of_ancient_Israel_and_Judah" title="History of ancient Israel and Judah">Israel</a>, defending it against the angels of the other peoples. </p><p>In the New Testament, the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a> relates the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a>, in which the angel Gabriel appears to <a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a> foretelling the birth of <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> with the angel Gabriel foretelling the <a href="/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary (mother of Jesus)">Virgin Mary</a> the birth of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>, respectively (<a href="#New_Testament">Luke 1:11–38</a>). </p><p>Islam regards Gabriel as an archangel sent by <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> to various prophets, including <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first five verses of the <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Alaq" title="Al-Alaq">Al-Alaq</a></i>, the 96th chapter of the Quran, are believed by Muslims to have been the first verses <a href="/wiki/Revelation" title="Revelation">revealed</a> by Gabriel to <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name Gabriel (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew:</a> גַּבְרִיאֵל, <i>Gaḇrīʾēl</i>) is composed of the first person singular possessive form of the Hebrew noun <i>gever</i> (גֶּבֶר), meaning "man", and <i><a href="/wiki/El_(deity)" title="El (deity)">ʾĒl</a></i>, meaning "God". This would make the translation of the archangel's name "man of God".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Proclus_of_Constantinople" title="Proclus of Constantinople">Proclus of Constantinople</a>, in his famous Homily 1, stated that the meaning of Gabriel's name prefigured that Jesus, whose birth was <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">announced</a> by Gabriel, would be both man and God.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Zoroastrianism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3420" data-file-height="2773" /></a><figcaption>Relief of Angel, <a href="/wiki/Taq-e_Bostan" title="Taq-e Bostan">Taq-e Bostan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_captivity" title="Babylonian captivity">Jews' exile to Babylon</a> in the 6th century BCE, Jewish beliefs underwent a significant transformation. Exposure to <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>, with its intricate angelology and the concept of a cosmic struggle between good and evil, likely influenced this evolution. The striking similarities between "holy immortal" (<a href="/wiki/Amesha_Spenta" title="Amesha Spenta">Amesha Spentas</a>) <a href="/wiki/Vohu_Manah" title="Vohu Manah">Vohu Manah</a> (or "good mind") and Gabriel's role as a messenger suggest a potential connection. This exposure to Zoroastrian angelology during the exile period may have played a part in shaping Gabriel's prominent role as a divine messenger in Judaism.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judaism">Judaism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hebrew_Bible">Hebrew Bible</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hebrew Bible"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet <a href="/wiki/Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a> to explain his visions (<a href="/wiki/Daniel_8" title="Daniel 8">Daniel 8</a>:15–26, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 9">9</a>:21–27). Later, in <a href="/wiki/Daniel%27s_final_vision" title="Daniel's final vision">Daniel's final vision</a>, an angel, not named but likely Gabriel again, appears to him and speaks of receiving help from prince Michael in battle against the demon prince of Persia (Daniel 10:13, 21) and also Michael's role in times to come (Daniel 12:1). These are the first instances of a named angel in the Bible. Gabriel's main function in Daniel is that of revealer, responsible for interpreting Daniel's visions, a role he continues to have in later traditions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rabbinic_Judaism">Rabbinic Judaism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rabbinic Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gabriel, (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">גַּבְרִיאֵל</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Gaḇrīʾēl</i></span>) is interpreted by <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmudic</a> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">rabbis</a> to be the "man in linen" mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Book of Ezekiel</a>. Talmudic Judaism understands the angel in the Book of Ezekiel, who was sent to destroy <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, to be Gabriel. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>, Gabriel takes the form of a man, and stands at the left hand of God.<sup id="cite_ref-je_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shimon_ben_Lakish" title="Shimon ben Lakish">Shimon ben Lakish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syria_Palaestina" title="Syria Palaestina">Syria Palaestina</a>, 3rd century) concluded that the angelic names of Michael, Raphael, and Gabriel came out of the Babylonian exile (Gen. Rab. 48:9).<sup id="cite_ref-everson_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-everson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alongside the archangel Michael, Gabriel is described as the guardian angel of Israel, defending this people against the angels of the other nations.<sup id="cite_ref-philologos.org_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philologos.org-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mystical_Judaism">Mystical Judaism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mystical Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">Kabbalah</a>, Gabriel is identified with the <a href="/wiki/Sefira" class="mw-redirect" title="Sefira">sefira</a> of <a href="/wiki/Yesod" title="Yesod">Yesod</a>. Gabriel also has a prominent role as one of God's archangels in the Kabbalah literature. There, Gabriel is portrayed as working in concert with Michael as part of God's court. Gabriel is not to be prayed to because only God can answer prayers and sends Gabriel as his agent.<sup id="cite_ref-je_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Jewish_mythology" title="Jewish mythology">Jewish mythology</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Eden" title="Garden of Eden">Garden of Eden</a> there is a <a href="/wiki/Tree_of_life_(biblical)" title="Tree of life (biblical)">tree of life</a> or the "tree of souls"<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that blossoms and produces new souls, which fall into the <a href="/wiki/Guf" title="Guf">Guf</a>, the treasury of souls. Gabriel reaches into the treasury and takes out the first soul that comes into his hand. </p><p>In Islam, the tree of souls is referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Sidrat_al-Muntaha" title="Sidrat al-Muntaha">Sidrat al-Muntaha</a> (and is identified as a <i><a href="/wiki/Ziziphus_spina-christi" title="Ziziphus spina-christi">Ziziphus spina-christi</a></i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Christianity">Christianity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Testament">New Testament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: New Testament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gabriel's first appearance in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> concerns the annunciation of the birth of <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a>. John's father <a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zechariah (priest)">Zachariah</a>, a priest of the course of Abia, (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#1:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 1:5–7</a>) was childless because his wife <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Elisabeth</a> was barren. An angel appears to Zacharias while he is ministering in the Temple to announce the birth of his son. When Zachariah questions the angel, the angel gives his name as Gabriel: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ANGELICO,_Fra_Annunciation,_1437-46_(2236990916).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg/220px-ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg/330px-ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg/440px-ANGELICO%2C_Fra_Annunciation%2C_1437-46_%282236990916%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Gabriel announcing the incarnation to Mary, <a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Fra_Angelico,_San_Marco)" title="Annunciation (Fra Angelico, San Marco)">by Fra Angelico</a>, c. 1440–1445 (<a href="/wiki/Museo_di_San_Marco" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo di San Marco">Convent of San Marco</a>)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>10 And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.<br /> 11 And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.<br /> 12 And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.<br /> 13 But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.<br /> 14 And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.<br /> 15 For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb.<br /> 16 And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.<br /> 17 And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.<br /> 18 And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.<br /> 19 And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings.<br /> 20 And, behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season. </p> </div><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Luke 1:10–20<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>After completing his required week<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of ministry, Zacharias returns to his home and his wife Elizabeth conceives. After she has completed five months of her pregnancy (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#1:21" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 1:21–25</a>), Gabriel appears again, now to Mary, to announce the birth of Jesus: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Annunciation,_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art,_W1899-1-1-pma,_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/220px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/330px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/440px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3286" /></a><figcaption><i>The Annunciation</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ossawa_Tanner" title="Henry Ossawa Tanner">Henry Ossawa Tanner</a> (1898)</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>26 And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,<br /> 27 To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary.<br /> 28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women.<br /> 29 And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.<br /> 30 And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God.<br /> 31 And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.<br /> 32 He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David:<br /> 33 And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.<br /> 34 Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?<br /> 35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.<br /> 36 And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren.<br /> 37 For with God nothing shall be impossible.<br /> 38 And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her. </p> </div><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Luke 1:26–38<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Gabriel only appears by name in those two passages in Luke. In the first passage the angel identified himself as Gabriel, but in the second it is Luke who identified him as Gabriel. The only other named angels in the New Testament are Michael the Archangel (in <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Jude#1:9" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Jude">Jude 1:9</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Abaddon</a> (in <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#9:11" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">Revelation 9:11</a>). Believers are expressly warned not to worship angels in two New Testament passages: <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Colossians#2:18" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Colossians">Colossians 2:18–19</a> and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#19:10" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">Revelation 19:10</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intertestamental_literature">Intertestamental literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Intertestamental literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gabriel is not called an archangel in the <a href="/wiki/Canonical_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical Bible">canonical Bible</a>. However, the <a href="/wiki/Intertestamental_period" title="Intertestamental period">intertestamental period</a> (roughly 200 BC – 50 AD) produced a wealth of <a href="/wiki/Non-canonical_books_referenced_in_the_Bible" title="Non-canonical books referenced in the Bible">literature</a>, much of it having an <a href="/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">apocalyptic</a> orientation. The names and ranks of angels and devils were greatly expanded in this literature, and each had particular duties and status before God. This was the period when Gabriel was first referred to as an archangel. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">1 Enoch 9</a>:1–3, Gabriel, along with Michael, <a href="/wiki/Uriel_(angel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uriel (angel)">Uriel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Suriel" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriel">Suriel</a>, "saw much blood being shed upon the earth" (9:1) and heard the souls of men cry, "Bring our cause before the Most High" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Book_of_Enoch/Chapter_09" class="extiw" title="s:Book of Enoch/Chapter 09">9:3</a>). In 1 Enoch 10:1, the reply came from "the Most High, the Holy and Great One" who sent forth agents, including Gabriel— </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>And the Lord said to Gabriel: "Proceed against the bastards and the reprobates, and against the children of fornication: and destroy [the children of fornication and] the children of the Watchers from amongst men [and cause them to go forth]: send them one against the other that they may destroy each other in battle: for length of days shall they not have."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Book%20of%20Enoch/Chapter%2010">1 Enoch 10:9</a></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Gabriel is the fifth of the five angels who keep watch: "Gabriel, one of the holy angels, who is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim". (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Book_of_Enoch/Chapter_20" class="extiw" title="s:Book of Enoch/Chapter 20">1 Enoch 20:7</a>) When Enoch asked who the four figures were that he had seen: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>And he said to me: 'This first is Michael, the merciful and long-suffering: and the second, who is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael: and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel: and the fourth, who is set over the repentance unto hope of those who inherit eternal life, is named Phanuel.' And these are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices I heard in those days.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Book%20of%20Enoch/Chapter%2040">Enoch 40:9</a></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gnosticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Christian movement of <a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a> paid special attention to angels as beings belonging to a pantheon of spiritual forces involved in the creation of the world. According to one ancient <a href="/wiki/Gnostic_texts" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnostic texts">Gnostic manuscript</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Book_of_the_Great_Invisible_Spirit" title="Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit">Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit</a>, Gabriel is a divine being and inhabitant of the <a href="/wiki/Pleroma#Gnosticism" title="Pleroma">Pleroma</a> who existed prior to the <a href="/wiki/Demiurge#Gnosticism" title="Demiurge">Demiurge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_Christian_traditions">Medieval Christian traditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Medieval Christian traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the Cathedral of Reims, late 13th century"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the Cathedral of Reims, late 13th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/90px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/135px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/180px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="1772" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Reims" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of Reims">Cathedral of Reims</a>, late 13th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Llanbeblig_Hours_(f._1r.)_The_Annunciation,_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Annunciation from the Llanbeblig Book of Hours (late 14th century), showing Gabriel kneeling on one knee"><img alt="The Annunciation from the Llanbeblig Book of Hours (late 14th century), showing Gabriel kneeling on one knee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg/72px-Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg/108px-Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg/144px-Llanbeblig_Hours_%28f._1r.%29_The_Annunciation%2C_Gabriel_kneeling_on_one_knee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Annunciation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Annunciation">The Annunciation</a></i> from the <a href="/wiki/Llanbeblig_Book_of_Hours" title="Llanbeblig Book of Hours">Llanbeblig Book of Hours</a> (late 14th century), showing Gabriel kneeling on one knee</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_(14c,_Tretyakov_gallery).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Icon of Gabriel, Byzantine, c. 1387–1395 (Tretyakov Gallery)"><img alt="Icon of Gabriel, Byzantine, c. 1387–1395 (Tretyakov Gallery)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/86px-Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/129px-Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/172px-Gabriel_from_Vysotsky_chin_%2814c%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="1705" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">Icon</a> of Gabriel, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a>, c. 1387–1395 (<a href="/wiki/Tretyakov_Gallery" title="Tretyakov Gallery">Tretyakov Gallery</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_(Georgia,_14th_c.).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel. A fresco from the Tsalenjikha Cathedral by Cyrus Emanuel Eugenicus. 14th century."><img alt="Archangel Gabriel. A fresco from the Tsalenjikha Cathedral by Cyrus Emanuel Eugenicus. 14th century." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg/101px-Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg/151px-Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg/202px-Archangel_Gabriel._Tsalenjikha_fresco_%28Georgia%2C_14th_c.%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2516" data-file-height="2991" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel. A fresco from the <a href="/wiki/Tsalenjikha_Cathedral" title="Tsalenjikha Cathedral">Tsalenjikha Cathedral</a> by Cyrus Emanuel Eugenicus. 14th century.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:0_Venise,_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Archangel Gabriel (15th century), adorning the top of the northwest corner pillar of the Palazzo Ducale in Venice"><img alt="Statue of Archangel Gabriel (15th century), adorning the top of the northwest corner pillar of the Palazzo Ducale in Venice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG/77px-0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG/115px-0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG/154px-0_Venise%2C_statue_de_l%27archange_Gabriel_-_Palais_des_Doges.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3201" data-file-height="4994" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of Archangel Gabriel (15th century), adorning the top of the northwest corner pillar of the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Ducale" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Ducale">Palazzo Ducale</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gabriel on the southern deacons' door of the iconostasis in the Cathedral of Hajdúdorog, Hungary"><img alt="Gabriel on the southern deacons' door of the iconostasis in the Cathedral of Hajdúdorog, Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG/90px-Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG/135px-Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG/180px-Gabriel_Archangel_Hajdudorog.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gabriel on the southern deacons' door of the <a href="/wiki/Iconostasis_of_Hajd%C3%BAdorog" class="mw-redirect" title="Iconostasis of Hajdúdorog">iconostasis</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Hajd%C3%BAdorog" title="Cathedral of Hajdúdorog">Cathedral of Hajdúdorog</a>, Hungary</div> </li> </ul> <p>In a famous early work, the "four homilies on the <i>Missus Est</i>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Bernard_of_Clairvaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Bernard of Clairvaux">Saint Bernard of Clairvaux</a> (1090–1153 AD) interpreted Gabriel's name as "the strength of God", and his symbolic function in the gospel story as announcement of the strength or virtue of Christ, both as the strength of God incarnate and as the strength given by God to the timorous people who would bring into the world a fearful and troublesome event. "Therefore it was an opportune choice that designated Gabriel for the work he had to accomplish, or rather, because he was to accomplish it therefore he was called Gabriel."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Feast_day">Feast day</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Feast day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The feast day of Saint Gabriel the Archangel was exclusively celebrated on 18 March according to many sources dating between 1588 and 1921; unusually, a source published in 1856<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has the feast celebrated on 7 April for unknown reasons (a parenthetical note states that the day is normally celebrated on 18 March). Writer <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Drayson" title="Elizabeth Drayson">Elizabeth Drayson</a> mentions the feast being celebrated on 18 March 1588 in her 2013 book "The Lead Books of Granada".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the oldest out-of-print sources placing the feast on 18 March, first published in 1608, is <i>Flos sanctorum: historia general de la vida y hechos de Jesu-Christo ... y de los santos de que reza y haze fiesta la Iglesia Catholica ...</i> by the <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Villegas" title="Alonso de Villegas">Alonso de Villegas</a>; a newer edition of this book was published in 1794.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another source published in Ireland in 1886 the <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Ecclesiastical_Record" title="Irish Ecclesiastical Record">Irish Ecclesiastical Record</a></i> also mentions 18 March.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The feast of Saint Gabriel was included by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XV" title="Pope Benedict XV">Pope Benedict XV</a> in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> in 1921, for celebration on 24 March.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1969, the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with the feast of the archangels Ss. Michael and Raphael.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> has also adopted the 29 September date, known as <a href="/wiki/Michaelmas" title="Michaelmas">Michaelmas</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> and those <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> that follow the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a> celebrate his <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Synaxis_of_the_Archangel_Michael_and_the_Other_Bodiless_Powers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers (page does not exist)">Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers</a>) on 8 November (for those churches that follow the traditional <a href="/wiki/Julian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian Calendar">Julian Calendar</a>, 8 November currently falls on 21 November of the modern <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a>, a difference of 13 days). Eastern Orthodox commemorate him, not only on his November feast, but also on two other days: </p> <ul><li>26 March is the "<a href="/wiki/Synaxis" title="Synaxis">Synaxis</a> of the Archangel Gabriel" and celebrates his role in the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> (eavetaking of the Annunciation)</li></ul> <ul><li>13 July is also known as the "Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel" and celebrates all the appearances and miracles attributed to Gabriel throughout history. The feast was first established on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Athos" title="Mount Athos">Mount Athos</a> when, in the 9th century, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Emperor">Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</a> and Empress Constantina Porphyrogenitus and while <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_Chrysoberges" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II Chrysoberges">Nicholas Chrysoverges</a> was <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Patriarch of Constantinople</a>, the Archangel appeared in a cell<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> near <a href="/wiki/Karyes" title="Karyes">Karyes</a>, where he wrote with his finger on a stone tablet the hymn to the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Axion_Estin" title="Axion Estin">It is truly meet ...</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Saint Gabriel the Archangel is <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">commemorated</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Vigil_(liturgy)" title="Vigil (liturgy)">vigil</a> of the Feast of the Annunciation by <a href="/wiki/Antiochian_Western_Rite_Vicariate" title="Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate">Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/ROCOR" class="mw-redirect" title="ROCOR">ROCOR</a> <a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a> celebrates his feast on 13 <a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 22 <a href="/wiki/Koiak" title="Koiak">Koiak</a> and 26 <a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Church">Ethiopian Church</a> celebrates his feast on 18 December (in the Ethiopian calendar), with a sizeable number of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to "Saint Gabriel" in <a href="/wiki/Kulubi" title="Kulubi">Kulubi</a> and Wonkshet on that day.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church">Lutheran Churches</a>, Gabriel is celebrated on the Feast of the Archangels on 29 September.<sup id="cite_ref-Blersch2019_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blersch2019-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, Gabriel is the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of messengers, those who work for broadcasting and telecommunications such as radio and television, postal workers, clerics, diplomats, and stamp collectors.<sup id="cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gabriel's_horn"><span id="Gabriel.27s_horn"></span>Gabriel's horn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gabriel's horn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Horn" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel's Horn">Gabriel's Horn (Geometric figure)</a></div> <p>A familiar <a href="/wiki/Literary_trope" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary trope">image</a> of Gabriel has him blowing a trumpet blast to announce the resurrection of the dead at the end of time. However, though the Bible mentions a trumpet blast preceding the resurrection of the dead, it never specifies Gabriel as the trumpeter. Different passages state different things: the angels of the Son of Man (<a href="/wiki/Matthew_24" title="Matthew 24">Matthew 24</a>:31); the voice of the Son of God (<a href="/wiki/John_5" title="John 5">John 5</a>:25–29); God's trumpet (<a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Thessalonians" title="First Epistle to the Thessalonians">I Thessalonians</a> 4:16); seven angels sounding a series of blasts (<a href="/wiki/Revelation_8" title="Revelation 8">Revelation 8</a>–<a href="/wiki/Revelation_11" title="Revelation 11">11</a>); or simply "a trumpet will sound" (<a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="First Epistle to the Corinthians">I Corinthians</a> 15:52).<sup id="cite_ref-svm_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-svm-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise the early Christian <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a> do not mention Gabriel as a trumpeter; and in Jewish and Muslim traditions, Gabriel is again not identified as a trumpeter.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest known identification of Gabriel as a trumpeter comes from the Hymn of the Armenian Saint Nerses Shnorhali, "for Protection in the Night":<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>The sound of Gabriel's trumpet on the last night, make us worthy to hear, and to stand on your right hand among the sheep with lanterns of inextinguishable light; to be like the five wise virgins, so that with the bridegroom in the bride chamber we, his spiritual brides may enter into glory.</p></blockquote> <p>In 1455, in <a href="/wiki/Armenian_art" title="Armenian art">Armenian art</a>, there is an illustration in an Armenian manuscript showing Gabriel sounding his trumpet as the dead climb out of their graves.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evangelical_Christian_traditions">Evangelical Christian traditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Evangelical Christian traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The image of Gabriel's trumpet blast to announce the end of time was taken up in <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Christianity">Evangelical Christianity</a>, where it became widespread, notably in <a href="/wiki/Negro_spirituals" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro spirituals">Negro spirituals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An earlier example occurs in <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Lost" title="Paradise Lost">Paradise Lost</a></i> (1667):<sup id="cite_ref-svm_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-svm-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><div class="poem"> <p>Betwixt these rockie pillars Gabriel sat<br /> Chief of the Angelic guards (IV.545f) ...<br /> He ended, and the Son gave signal high<br /> To the bright minister that watch'd, he blew<br /> His trumpet, heard in Oreb since perhaps<br /> When God descended, and perhaps once more<br /> To sound at general doom. (XI.72ff). </p> </div></blockquote> <p>It is unclear how the Armenian conception inspired Milton and the spirituals, though they presumably have a common source.<sup id="cite_ref-svm_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-svm-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Latter-day_Saints">Latter-day Saints</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Latter-day Saints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> theology, Gabriel is believed to have lived a mortal life as the prophet <a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>. The two are regarded as the same individual; Noah being his mortal name and Gabriel being his heavenly name.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Islam"><span class="anchor" id="Gabriel_in_Islam"></span><span class="anchor" id="Jibril"></span>Islam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">Rūḥ</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Gibril" and "Jibril" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gibril_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Gibril (disambiguation)">Gibril (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jibril_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Jibril (disambiguation)">Jibril (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Miniatura_Maometto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Miniatura_Maometto.jpg/220px-Miniatura_Maometto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Miniatura_Maometto.jpg/330px-Miniatura_Maometto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Miniatura_Maometto.jpg/440px-Miniatura_Maometto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="561" /></a><figcaption>A 16th-century Siyer-i Nebi image of the archangel Jibril (Gabriel) visiting <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Gabriel (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جِبْرِيل</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jibrīl</i></span>; also <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جبرائيل</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jibrāʾīl</i></span> or <i>Jabrāʾīl</i>, derived from the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">גַּבְרִיאֵל</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Gaḇrīʾēl</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EI2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in many places in Qur'an, is revered as one of the primary <a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">archangels</a> and as the Angel of Revelation in <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EI2_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is primarily mentioned in the verses <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2?startingVerse=97">2:97</a></span>, <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2?startingVerse=98">2:98</a></span> and <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/66?startingVerse=4">66:4</a></span> of the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>. However, the Quranic text doesn't refer to him as an angel.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Quran, the archangel Gabriel appears named in <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2?startingVerse=97">2:97</a></span> and <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/66?startingVerse=4">66:4</a></span>, as well as in <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2?startingVerse=98">2:98</a></span>, where he is mentioned along with the archangel <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a> (Exegetical Quranic literature) narrates that <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> saw the archangel Gabriel in his full angelic splendor only twice, the first time being when he received his first revelation.<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> portrays Gabriel as a celestial messenger sent to <a href="/wiki/Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamic tradition holds that Gabriel was sent to numerous pre-Islamic Biblical prophets with revelation and divine injunctions, including <a href="/wiki/Adam#In_Islam" title="Adam">Adam</a>, whom Muslims believe was consoled by Gabriel sometime after <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_man" title="Fall of man">the Fall</a>, too.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is known by many names in Islam, such as "keeper of holiness".<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Hadith traditions, Jibril is said to have six hundred wings.<sup id="cite_ref-Sunnah.com_Muslim_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sunnah.com_Muslim-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tasks">Tasks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Tasks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muslims believe that Gabriel was mainly tasked with transmitting the scriptures from God to the <a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">prophets and messengers</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Asbab_al-Nuzul" title="Asbab al-Nuzul">Asbab al-Nuzul</a> or revelation<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when Muhammad was questioned which angel is revealing the holy scriptures revelation, and Muhammad told the Jews it is revealed by Gabriel who is tasked to it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENoegelWheeler2002218_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENoegelWheeler2002218-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh,_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/220px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/330px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png/440px-Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh%2C_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png 2x" data-file-width="5877" data-file-height="4374" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Depictions_of_Muhammad" title="Depictions of Muhammad">depiction of Muhammad</a> receiving his first revelation from the Angel Jibril (Gabriel)</figcaption></figure> <p>Muslims also revere Gabriel for several events that predate what they regard as the first revelation narrated in the Quran. Muslims believe that Gabriel was the angel who informed <a href="/wiki/Zechariah_in_Islam" title="Zechariah in Islam">Zechariah</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_John_the_Baptist" title="Nativity of John the Baptist">Nativity of John the Baptist</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Mary</a> about the future <a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">nativity of Jesus</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that Gabriel was one of three angels who had earlier informed <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Abraham</a> of the birth of <a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Isaac</a> (<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/51?startingVerse=24">51:24–30</a></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gabriel also makes a famous appearance in the <a href="/wiki/Hadith_of_Gabriel" title="Hadith of Gabriel">Hadith of Gabriel</a>, in which he questions Muhammad on the core tenets of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gabriel is also believed to have delivered punishment <a href="/wiki/Sodomites_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodomites in Islam">from God to the Sodomites</a> by leveling the entire city of <a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Sodom</a> with a tip of his wing.<sup id="cite_ref-Nabi-Nabi_Allah:_Kisah_Para_Nabi_dan_Rasul_Allah_dalam_Al-Qur'an_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nabi-Nabi_Allah:_Kisah_Para_Nabi_dan_Rasul_Allah_dalam_Al-Qur'an-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a Hadith narrated by <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dharr_al-Ghifari" title="Abu Dharr al-Ghifari">Abu Dharr al-Ghifari</a>, which is compiled by <a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_al-Tirmidhi" title="Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi">al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi</a>, Gabriel has the ability to regulate feeling or perception in humans, particularly happiness or sadness.<sup id="cite_ref-Suyuti;_angel_Jibril_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suyuti;_angel_Jibril-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gabriel is believed to have helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries significantly against an <a href="/wiki/Ifrit" title="Ifrit">ifrit</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Isra_and_Mi%27raj" class="mw-redirect" title="Isra and Mi'raj">Night Journey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gabriel is also believed to have helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a>, where according to scholars and clerics of Islam, the various hadiths, both authentics and inauthentics, has mentioned that Gabriel,<sup id="cite_ref-Misri;_Sirah_Sahabah:_Zubair_bin_Awwam_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Misri;_Sirah_Sahabah:_Zubair_bin_Awwam-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Raphael</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Israfil_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israfil-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thousands of <a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">best angels</a> from third level of heaven, all came to the battle of Badr by impersonating the appearance of <a href="/wiki/Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" title="Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of the Prophet</a> and bodyguard of the prophet.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tarikh_Dimashq_2_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tarikh_Dimashq_2-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is deemed as Zubayr personal honor according to Islamic belief.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERizqullah2005410_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERizqullah2005410-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbasoomarAbasoomar2016_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbasoomarAbasoomar2016-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, <a href="/wiki/Safiur_Rahman_Mubarakpuri" title="Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri">Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri</a> has recorded in his <a href="/wiki/Historiography" title="Historiography">historiography</a> works of Quran and Hadith revelation in <a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Prophetic biography</a>, that <a href="/wiki/Sa%27d_ibn_Abi_Waqqas" title="Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas">Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas</a> testified he saw two unidentified warriors clad in white had protected Muhammad during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a>, that later being confirmed by Muhammad those two unidentified warriors were Jibril and <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Mikail</a> in disguise.<sup id="cite_ref-eve_of_battle_of_Uhud_&_Ahzab_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eve_of_battle_of_Uhud_&_Ahzab-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moreover, he is believed to have further encouraged Muhammad to wage war and attack the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_tribes_of_Arabia" title="Jewish tribes of Arabia">Jewish tribe</a> of <a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ṣaḥīḥ_Al-Bukhārī_The_Translation_of_the_Meanings_of_Sahih_Al-Bukhari:_Arabic-English_·_Volume_5_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ṣaḥīḥ_Al-Bukhārī_The_Translation_of_the_Meanings_of_Sahih_Al-Bukhari:_Arabic-English_·_Volume_5-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another appearance of Gabriel in Islamic religious texts were found in numerous Hadiths during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">Battle of Hunayn</a>, where the Gabriel stood next to Muhammad.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Book_of_the_Jihad_of_'Ali_Ibn_Tahir_Al-Sulami_(d._1106)_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Book_of_the_Jihad_of_'Ali_Ibn_Tahir_Al-Sulami_(d._1106)-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other <a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Islamic texts</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Apocryphal_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Apocryphal literature">Apocryphal literature</a> also supported Gabriel's role as a celestial warrior.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though alternate theories exist, whether the occurrence of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a> in the Quran refers to Gabriel or not, remains an issue of scholarly debate.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, a clear distinction between apocryphal and Quranic references to Gabriel is that the former doesn't designate him as the Holy Spirit in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">First Book of Enoch</a>, which narrates the story of Gabriel defeating the <a href="/wiki/Nephilim" title="Nephilim">Nephilim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yezidi_tradition">Yezidi tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Yezidi tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Yazidis#Religion" title="Yazidis">Yazidis</a> consider Gabriel one of the <a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Seven Mysteries</a>, the heptad to which God entrusted the world, and sometimes identified with the archangel <a href="/wiki/Melek_Taus" class="mw-redirect" title="Melek Taus">Melek Taus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art,_entertainment,_and_media"><span id="Art.2C_entertainment.2C_and_media"></span>Art, entertainment, and media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Art, entertainment, and media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Angels are described as pure spirits.<sup id="cite_ref-gorgievski_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gorgievski-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-longhurst_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-longhurst-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lack of a defined form allows artists wide latitude in depicting them.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amelia R. Brown draws comparisons in Byzantine iconography between portrayals of angels and the conventions used to depict court eunuchs. Mainly from the Caucasus, they tended to have light eyes, hair, and skin; and those "castrated in childhood developed a distinctive skeletal structure, lacked full masculine musculature, body hair and beards ..." As officials, they would wear a white tunic decorated with gold. Brown suggests that "Byzantine artists drew, consciously or not, on this iconography of the court eunuch".<sup id="cite_ref-brown_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some recent popular works on angels consider Gabriel to be <a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">female</a> or <a href="/wiki/Androgynous" class="mw-redirect" title="Androgynous">androgynous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Giovetti1993_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giovetti1993-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Godwin1990_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Godwin1990-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gabriel_sculptures">Gabriel sculptures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gabriel sculptures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gabor_arkangyal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel Millennium Monument at Heroes' Square in Budapest"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel Millennium Monument at Heroes' Square in Budapest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gabor_arkangyal.jpg/90px-Gabor_arkangyal.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gabor_arkangyal.jpg/135px-Gabor_arkangyal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gabor_arkangyal.jpg/180px-Gabor_arkangyal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel Millennium Monument at <a href="/wiki/H%C5%91s%C3%B6k_tere" class="mw-redirect" title="Hősök tere">Heroes' Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Georg in Bermatingen"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Georg in Bermatingen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg/90px-Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg/135px-Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg/180px-Bermatingen_St_Georg_Heiligenfigur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Georg in <a href="/wiki/Bermatingen" title="Bermatingen">Bermatingen</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Magnus in Waldburg"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Magnus in Waldburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg/90px-Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg/135px-Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg/180px-Waldburg_Pfarrkirche_Verk%C3%BCndigung_Engel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Magnus in <a href="/wiki/Waldburg" title="Waldburg">Waldburg</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the Cathedral of Reims"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the Cathedral of Reims" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/90px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/135px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg/180px-Annonciation_portail_Reims.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="1772" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel at the façade of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Reims" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of Reims">Cathedral of Reims</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel at the Liberty Square, Budapest"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel at the Liberty Square, Budapest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg/84px-To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg/126px-To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg/168px-To_the_victims_of_the_german_occupation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2098" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Archangel Gabriel at the Liberty Square, Budapest</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic,_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Archangel Gabriel of Nedvědice"><img alt="Archangel Gabriel of Nedvědice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg/84px-Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg/127px-Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg/169px-Archand%C4%9Bl_Gabriel_z_Nedv%C4%9Bdic%2C_AJG_Hlubok%C3%A1_nad_Vltavou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Archangel_Gabriel_of_Nedv%C4%9Bdice" title="Archangel Gabriel of Nedvědice">Archangel Gabriel of Nedvědice</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festivals">Festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Baltimore's (Maryland) "<a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Baltimore" title="Little Italy, Baltimore">Little Italy</a>" neighborhood has for over 80 years hosted an annual "end of summer" St. Gabriel Festival that features a procession with a statue of the saint carried through the streets.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Liliom_(1930_film)" title="Liliom (1930 film)">Liliom</a></i> (1930), Gabriel is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Clark_(actor)" title="Harvey Clark (actor)">Harvey Clark</a>.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Over_the_White_House" title="Gabriel Over the White House">Gabriel Over the White House</a></i> (1933), Gabriel is an unseen presence indicated by enhanced light.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Pastures_(film)" title="The Green Pastures (film)">The Green Pastures</a></i> (1936), Gabriel is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Polk" title="Oscar Polk">Oscar Polk</a>.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Heaven_Only_Knows_(1947_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heaven Only Knows (1947 film)">Heaven Only Knows</a></i> (1947), Gabriel was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/William_Farnum" title="William Farnum">William Farnum</a>.</li> <li>In <i>The Littlest Angel</i> (1969; television film), Gabriel is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Cab_Calloway" title="Cab Calloway">Cab Calloway</a>.</li> <li>In horror film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prophecy" title="The Prophecy">The Prophecy</a></i> (1995), Gabriel (portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Walken" title="Christopher Walken">Christopher Walken</a>) searches for an evil soul on Earth during an <a href="/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">end-of-days</a> angelic civil war. He is also a character in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prophecy_II" title="The Prophecy II">The Prophecy II</a></i> (1998) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prophecy_3:_The_Ascent" title="The Prophecy 3: The Ascent">The Prophecy 3: The Ascent</a></i> (2000).</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Jesus_(film)" title="Mary, Mother of Jesus (film)">Mary, Mother of Jesus</a></i> (1999; television film), Gabriel is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/John_Light_(actor)" title="John Light (actor)">John Light</a>.</li> <li>In the fantasy/horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(film)" title="Van Helsing (film)">Van Helsing</a></i> (2004), the main character Van Helsing is alluded to be Gabriel, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a>.</li> <li>In the fantasy/horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(film)" title="Constantine (film)">Constantine</a></i> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> portrays an androgynous archangel Gabriel.</li> <li>In the action/horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_(2007_film)" title="Gabriel (2007 film)">Gabriel</a></i> (2007), the eponymous character (portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Andy_Whitfield" title="Andy Whitfield">Andy Whitfield</a>) fights to save the <a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">souls</a> in <a href="/wiki/Purgatory" title="Purgatory">purgatory</a> by defeating the evil <a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">fallen angels</a>.</li> <li>In the apocalyptic supernatural action film <i><a href="/wiki/Legion_(2010_film)" title="Legion (2010 film)">Legion</a></i> (2010), <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Durand" title="Kevin Durand">Kevin Durand</a> plays the role of Archangel Gabriel, the leader of the angel army, and the main antagonist. The story was continued in the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(TV_series)" title="Dominion (TV series)">Dominion</a></i>.</li> <li>In the analog horror series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mandela_Catalogue" title="The Mandela Catalogue">The Mandela Catalogue</a></i>, Gabriel is portrayed as the main antagonist, seemingly being the Antichrist or Satan disguised as Gabriel, that manipulates the shepherds to be their saviour instead of Jesus in the first episode, Overthrone. This leads to the events of the series having hostile organisms called Alternates.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Games">Games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2005: Spanish <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Anima:_Beyond_Fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Anima: Beyond Fantasy">Anima: Beyond Fantasy</a></i>, Gabriel is, as the humans know, one of the seven "Beryls" (godlike beings of light), and is identified with the archangel of the same name. She has associated with love, friendship, arts, and peace.</li> <li>In the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Shin_Megami_Tensei" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin Megami Tensei">Shin Megami Tensei</a></i>, Gabriel is one of the Demons the player can <a href="/wiki/Summon" class="mw-redirect" title="Summon">summon</a> to assist in battle.</li> <li>In the 2011 video game <i><a href="/wiki/El_Shaddai:_Ascension_of_the_Metatron" title="El Shaddai: Ascension of the Metatron">El Shaddai: Ascension of the Metatron</a></i>, based on the Book of Enoch, Gabriel is featured alongside Michael, Raphael, and Uriel as a guide for Enoch on his quest. All four archangels take the form of swans while on Earth. Gabriel is depicted as female in this interpretation and implied to be an angel of wisdom. She is associated with the Veil weapon Enoch uses.</li> <li>Gabriel appears in the retro first-person shooter <i><a href="/wiki/Ultrakill" title="Ultrakill">Ultrakill</a></i>, and is voiced by Gianni Matragrano. He is featured as the final boss of the first two acts and a primary story character.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Binding_of_Isaac_(video_game)" title="The Binding of Isaac (video game)">The Binding of Isaac</a></i> (2011), a roguelike dungeon crawler, the player is able to fight Gabriel and Uriel to obtain their key pieces in order to fight Mega Satan.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=In_Death:_Unchained_(video_game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In Death: Unchained (video game) (page does not exist)">In Death: Unchained</a></i>, a virtual reality rougelike archery game, God has abandoned the Heaven and Gabriel has lost his sanity. He is a boss of the Paradise Lost area.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Baal-e-Jibril (Published in 1935) is a Urdu philosophical poetry book written by Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Jibril-wa-Iblis (Gabriel and Lucifer) is one of its poem, a conversation between Gabriel and Lucifer.</li> <li>In his <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poem</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Lost" title="Paradise Lost">Paradise Lost</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a> made Gabriel chief of the angelic guards placed over <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Eden" title="Garden of Eden">Paradise</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a> poem "Elifelet" (אליפלט) by <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Alterman" title="Nathan Alterman">Nathan Alterman</a>, put to music and often heard on the <a href="/wiki/Kol_Yisrael" title="Kol Yisrael">Israeli Radio</a>, tells of a heroic, self-sacrificing Israeli soldier being killed in battle. Upon the protagonist's death, the angel Gabriel descends to Earth, in order to comfort the spirit of the fallen hero and take him to Heaven.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The main character of <a href="/wiki/Salman_Rushdie" title="Salman Rushdie">Salman Rushdie</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Satanic_Verses" title="The Satanic Verses">The Satanic Verses</a></i> (1988) believes that he is the modern incarnation of Gabriel.</li> <li>In the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Light_novel" title="Light novel">light novel</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/No_Game_No_Life" title="No Game No Life">No Game No Life</a></i> (2012), Jibril is a member of the Flügel race and was a member of the Council of 18 Wings, a prominent section in the government. She is depicted as loving knowledge and books.</li> <li>In volume 3 of the Japanese light novel series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_Is_a_Part-Timer!" title="The Devil Is a Part-Timer!">The Devil Is a Part-Timer!</a></i>, an archangel named Gabriel appears and is the guardian of the <a href="/wiki/Sephirah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephirah">Sephirah</a> <a href="/wiki/Yesod" title="Yesod">Yesod</a>.</li> <li>In the Japanese light novel <i><a href="/wiki/High_School_DxD" title="High School DxD">High School DxD</a>,</i> Gabriel is featured as one of the Four Great Seraph whom are the highest ranking <a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraph</a> alongside Michael, Uriel, and Raphael. In the novel, Gabriel is depicted as a female angel with immense angelic beauty, and is given the titles of "The Strongest Woman in Heaven" and "The Most Beautiful Woman in Heaven".</li> <li>In the Japanese light novel series <a href="/wiki/Date_A_Live" title="Date A Live">Date A Live</a>, Gabriel is the name of a spiritual weapon (referred to as angels within the series), belonging to Miku Izayoi. Gabriel takes the form of an organ that can control sound. It can play various songs including March, which enhances the targets physical abilities, and Solo, which can brainwash those who listen to it, among others.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/August_Wilson" title="August Wilson">August Wilson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Fences_(play)" title="Fences (play)">Fences</a></i> (1985), the mentally handicapped character Gabriel believes with every fiber of his soul that he is the Archangel Gabriel. He carries around a trumpet on him always, and strives to chase away the "hellhounds". In the last scene of the play, he calls for <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a> to open the gates.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The eccentric English <a href="/wiki/Hagiography" title="Hagiography">hagiographer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antiquarian" title="Antiquarian">antiquarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sabine_Baring-Gould" title="Sabine Baring-Gould">Sabine Baring-Gould</a> (1834–1924) wrote "<a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Message" title="Gabriel's Message">Gabriel's Message</a>", the English translation of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_music" title="Basque music">Basque</a> <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> carol <i>Birjina gaztetto bat zegoen</i>. The original carol is likely related to the 13th or 14th-century Latin chant <i><a href="/wiki/Angelus_ad_virginem" title="Angelus ad virginem">Angelus Ad Virginem</a></i>, which itself is based on the biblical account of the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a>.</li> <li>The school spirit song of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a>, <b>"The Eyes of Texas"</b> lyrics (written by John Sinclair 1903) concludes with the line, ’til <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a> blows his horn.</li> <li>"Blow, Gabriel, Blow" was sung by <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Merman" title="Ethel Merman">Ethel Merman</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cole_Porter" title="Cole Porter">Cole Porter</a>'s 1934 musical <i><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a></i>.</li> <li>In the 1997 song "<a href="/wiki/My_Own_Prison_(song)" title="My Own Prison (song)">My Own Prison</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Creed_(band)" title="Creed (band)">Creed</a>, Gabriel is mentioned as deciphering the visions to the song's main character.</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Baby_(Bob_Dylan_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar Baby (Bob Dylan song)">Sugar Baby</a>", the last track on <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>'s 2001 albume <i><a href="/wiki/Love_and_Theft_(Bob_Dylan_album)" title="Love and Theft (Bob Dylan album)">Love and Theft</a></i>, contains this reference:</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>"Just as sure as we're living, just as sure as we're born<br /> Look up, look up – seek your Maker – 'fore Gabriel blows his horn. </p> </div></blockquote> <ul><li>In the end of the song "Je N'en Connais Pas la Fin" by American <a href="/wiki/Post_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Post metal">post metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Rosetta" title="Rosetta">Rosetta</a> part of the lyrics said "Won't you play your trumpet well Gabriele", alluding to the announcement of apocalypse made by Gabriel in the bible.</li></ul> <ul><li>"Blow Your Trumpets Gabriel" was performed by Polish <a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">black metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Behemoth_(band)" title="Behemoth (band)">Behemoth</a>.</li> <li>The 1996 garage/house song "Gabriel" by <a href="/wiki/Roy_Davis_Jr." title="Roy Davis Jr.">Roy Davis Jr.</a> (featuring vocals from Peven Everett) is about the archangel Gabriel. In the chorus, Everett can be heard singing "Gabriel play" in reference to Gabriel's trumpet. A trumpet is also heard in the song right after this line is sung.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visual_art">Visual art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Visual art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See also <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gabriel" class="extiw" title="commons:Gabriel">Gabriel gallery in Commons</a></i>.</dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_(dettaglio).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg/220px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg/330px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg/440px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_Annunciazione_%28dettaglio%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Detail of Gabriel from Leonardo da Vinci's <i><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Leonardo)" title="Annunciation (Leonardo)">Annunciation</a></i> (c. 1472–1475)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg/220px-Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg/330px-Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg/440px-Titian_-_Polyptych_of_the_Resurrection_-_Archangel_Gabriel_-_WGA22785.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="1241" /></a><figcaption>Angel of the <a href="/wiki/Averoldi_Polyptych#Annunciation" title="Averoldi Polyptych">Annunciation</a> by <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a> (1520–1522)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Daniel_8" title="Daniel 8">Daniel 8</a>:15 describes Gabriel as appearing in the "likeness of man" and in <a href="/wiki/Daniel_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 9">Daniel 9</a>:21 he is referred to as "the man Gabriel". David Everson observes that "such anthropomorphic descriptions of an angel are consistent with previous .. .descriptions of angels", as in <a href="/wiki/Genesis_19" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesis 19">Genesis 19</a>:5.<sup id="cite_ref-everson_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-everson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gabriel is most often portrayed in the context of scenes of the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a>. In 2008 a 16th-century drawing by Lucas van Leyden of the Netherlands was discovered. George R. Goldner, chairman of the department of prints and drawings at New York's <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, suggested that the sketch was for a stained glass window. "The fact that the archangel is an ordinary-looking person and not an idealized boy is typical of the artist", said Goldner.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In chronological order (to see each item, follow the link in the footnote):<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Archangel Gabriel</i> (<a href="/wiki/Triptych" title="Triptych">Triptych</a>), early 10th century, <a href="/wiki/Benaki_Museum" title="Benaki Museum">Benaki Museum</a></li> <li><i>The Archangel Gabriel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pisan">Pisan</a>, c. 1325–1350, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a></li> <li><i>The Archangel Gabriel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Masolino_da_Panicale" title="Masolino da Panicale">Masolino da Panicale</a>, c. 1420–1430, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a></li> <li><i>Justice between the Archangels Michael and Gabriel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jacobello_del_Fiore" title="Jacobello del Fiore">Jacobello del Fiore</a>, 1421</li> <li><i>Merode Altarpiece</i> (Triptych), <a href="/wiki/Robert_Campin" title="Robert Campin">Robert Campin</a>, c. 1425, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></li> <li><i>The Angel Gabriel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Agostino_di_Duccio" title="Agostino di Duccio">Agostino di Duccio</a>, c. 1450</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Leonardo)" title="Annunciation (Leonardo)">Annunciation</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, c. 1475</li> <li><i>The Angel Gabriel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Neroccio_d%27Landi" class="mw-redirect" title="Neroccio d'Landi">Neroccio d'Landi</a>, c. 1490</li> <li><i>The Angel Gabriel</i>, late 15th or early 16th century, Flemish, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a></li> <li><i>The Angel Gabriel</i>, Ferrari Gaudenzio, 1511, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery, London">National Gallery, London</a></li> <li><i>Gabriel delivering the Annunciation</i> <a href="/wiki/El_Greco" title="El Greco">El Greco</a>, 1575 (pictured above)</li> <li><i>Go Down Death</i>, <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Douglas_(artist)" title="Aaron Douglas (artist)">Aaron Douglas</a>, 1934</li></ul> <p>The Military Order of Saint Gabriel was established to recognize "individuals who have made significant contributions to the U.S. Army Public Affairs community and practice". The medallion depicts St. Gabriel sounding a trumpet, while the obverse displays the Army Public Affairs emblem.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></i> (1960) episode "<a href="/wiki/A_Passage_for_Trumpet" title="A Passage for Trumpet">A Passage for Trumpet</a>" – The down-and-out musician Joey Crown (<a href="/wiki/Jack_Klugman" title="Jack Klugman">Jack Klugman</a>) meets an enigmatic trumpet player named "Gabe" (played by <a href="/wiki/John_Anderson_(actor)" title="John Anderson (actor)">John Anderson</a>), in what has been described as <a href="/wiki/Rod_Serling" title="Rod Serling">Rod Serling</a>'s version of <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Wonderful_Life" title="It's a Wonderful Life">It's a Wonderful Life</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supernatural (U.S. TV series)">Supernatural</a></i> (2005) – Gabriel, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Speight_Jr." title="Richard Speight Jr.">Richard Speight Jr.</a>, is a runaway archangel who kills people he deems evil, also interacting with <a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_Supernatural" title="List of angels in Supernatural">other angels</a>, including his siblings Michael, Raphael, and Lucifer.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(TV_series)" title="Dominion (TV series)">Dominion</a></i> (2014) – Gabriel, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Beukes" title="Carl Beukes">Carl Beukes</a>, is the series antagonist, who plans to kill the Archangel Michael and annihilate humanity.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Now_Apocalypse" title="Now Apocalypse">Now Apocalypse</a></i> (2019) – Gabriel, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Posey" title="Tyler Posey">Tyler Posey</a>, is an enigmatic trumpet player who has a passionate tryst with series protagonist Ulysses Zane before warning him about an impending apocalypse.</li> <li>Amazon Prime miniseries <i><a href="/wiki/Good_Omens_(miniseries)" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Omens (miniseries)">Good Omens</a></i> (2019) – Gabriel is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Jon_Hamm" title="Jon Hamm">Jon Hamm</a>. The show is based on <a href="/wiki/Good_Omens" title="Good Omens">the novel</a> by <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gaiman" title="Neil Gaiman">Neil Gaiman</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/32px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/48px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/64px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Lord" title="Angel of the Lord">Angel of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel missile">Gabriel missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelic_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelic hierarchy">Christian angelic hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleur_de_lys" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleur de lys">Fleur de lys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Horn" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel's Horn">Gabriel's Horn</a>, a mathematical figure</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_names_referring_to_El" class="mw-redirect" title="List of names referring to El">List of names referring to El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptahil" title="Ptahil">Ptahil</a>-Uthra also identified as Gabriel in Mandaeism</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism/Patron_Archive/September_29" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism/Patron Archive/September 29">Saint Gabriel, patron saint archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraph</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including, but not limited to: <a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">גַּבְרִיאֵל</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Gaḇrīʾēl</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Man of El [God]'; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Γαβριήλ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Gabriḗl</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Gabriel</i>; <a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Coptic</a>: <span lang="cop">Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Coptic-language romanization"><i lang="cop-Latn">Gabriêl</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Amharic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Amharic language">Amharic</a>: <span lang="am">ገብርኤል</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Amharic" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Amharic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Amharic-language romanization"><i lang="am-Latn">Gabrəʾel</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Aramaic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Aramaic language">Imperial Aramaic</a>: <span lang="arc" dir="rtl">ܓ݁ܰܒ݂ܪܺܝܐܝܶܠ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Imperial Aramaic-language romanization"><i lang="arc-Latn">Gaḇrīʾēl</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جِبْرِيل</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jibrīl</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[dʒiˈbriːl]</a></span>, also <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جبرائيل</span></span>, <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jibrāʾīl</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[dʒibræːˈʔiːl]</a></span> or <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jabrāʾīl</i></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Found in Mustadrak al Sahihayn.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The complete narration from <a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_al-Nishapuri" title="Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri">Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri</a> were: "Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Yaqoub has reported from Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Saadi, who told us Muhammad bin Khalid bin Uthma, told us Musa bin Yaqoub, told me Abu Al-Huwairith, that Muhammad bin Jubayr bin Mut’im told him, that he heard Ali - may God be pleased with him - addresses the people, and he said: While I was leaving from the well of Badr, a strong wind came, the like of which I had never seen, then it left, then came a strong wind, the like of which I have never seen except for the one before it, then it went, then came a strong wind that I did not see before. I have never seen anything like it except for the one before it, and the first wind was Gabriel descended among a thousand angels with the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - and the second wind was Michael who descended among a thousand angels to the right of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and his family and grant them peace - and Abu Bakr was On his right, and the third wind was Israfil. He descended with a thousand angels on the side of the Messenger of God - may God's prayers and peace be upon him and his family - and I was on the right side. When God Almighty defeated his enemies, the Messenger of God - may God's prayers and peace be upon him and his family - carried me on his horse, I blew up, and I fell On my heels, I prayed to God Almighty …" <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al_Mulqin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al Mulqin (page does not exist)">Ibn al Mulqin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Al-Mulaqqin" class="extiw" title="id:Ibnu Al-Mulaqqin">id</a>]</span>, Hadith scholar from Cordoba of 13-14 AD century, evaluate this hadith that he found weaknesses in Musa ibn Yaqoub and Abu al Huwairith chain, so he deemed there is weakness about this hadith.<sup id="cite_ref-Al_Mulqin_Mukhtaras_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Al_Mulqin_Mukhtaras-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, recent scholarship from Ali Hasan al-Halabi has noted there is another hadith which supported the participation of Raphael in Badr<sup id="cite_ref-Israfil_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israfil-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Islamic belief in weak chain of Hadith, Raphael were acknowledged as angel who were tasked to blower of <a href="/wiki/Armageddon" title="Armageddon">Armageddon</a> trumpet, and one of archangels who bear the <a href="/wiki/Throne_of_God" title="Throne of God">Throne of God</a> on their back.<sup id="cite_ref-Israfil2_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israfil2-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to one Hadith, Muhammad were told that the angels that appeared in the battle of Badr were highest in status and the "best of angels" according to Gabriel in Hadith narrated by Muhammad.<sup id="cite_ref-Lives_Of_The_Sahaba_39_–_Az-Zubayr_Ibn_Al-Awwam_–_PT_01_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lives_Of_The_Sahaba_39_–_Az-Zubayr_Ibn_Al-Awwam_–_PT_01-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to one narration, during the battle, Muhammad has found an angel whom he though as Zubayr standing next to him, which then prompted Muhammad to command him to attack, which the angel, in Zubayr appearance, simply replied, "I am not Zubayr". Thus, according to Hadith expert this another indication that the angels truly came down with the appearance of Zubayr during Badr.<sup id="cite_ref-Kisah_Teladan_20_Shahabat_Nabi_untuk_Anak_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kisah_Teladan_20_Shahabat_Nabi_untuk_Anak-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ronner1993-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ronner1993_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRonner1993" class="citation book cs1">Ronner, John (March 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mj5UcUpU8TcC"><i>Know Your Angels: The Angel Almanac with Biographies of 100 Prominent Angels in Legend & Folklore-and Much More!</i></a>. Murfreesboro, TN: Mamre Press. pp. 70–72, 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780932945402" title="Special:BookSources/9780932945402"><bdi>9780932945402</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/93020336">93020336</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27726648">27726648</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>Artists like to show Gabriel carrying a lily, a scroll and a scepter.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Know+Your+Angels%3A+The+Angel+Almanac+with+Biographies+of+100+Prominent+Angels+in+Legend+%26+Folklore-and+Much+More%21&rft.place=Murfreesboro%2C+TN&rft.pages=70-72%2C+73&rft.pub=Mamre+Press&rft.date=1993-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F27726648&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F93020336&rft.isbn=9780932945402&rft.aulast=Ronner&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmj5UcUpU8TcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatholic_Online" class="citation web cs1">Catholic Online. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=279">"St. Gabriel, the Archangel"</a>. Catholic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Gabriel%2C+the+Archangel&rft.pub=Catholic.org&rft.au=Catholic+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic.org%2Fsaints%2Fsaint.php%3Fsaint_id%3D279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guiley2004p140-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guiley2004p140_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuiley2004" class="citation book cs1">Guiley, Rosemary (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=15XABtvHcEsC"><i>Encyclopedia of Angels</i></a> (2nd ed.). New York, New York: Facts on File, Incorporated. p. 140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816050239" title="Special:BookSources/9780816050239"><bdi>9780816050239</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/718132289">718132289</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>He is the patron saint to telecommunication workers, radio broadcasters, messengers, postal workers, clerics, diplomats, and stamp collectors.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Angels&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=140&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Facts+on+File%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F718132289&rft.isbn=9780816050239&rft.aulast=Guiley&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D15XABtvHcEsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zimmerman-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zimmerman_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZimmerman" class="citation web cs1">Zimmerman, Julie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120521190231/http://www.americancatholic.org/e-News/FriarJack/fj082102.asp">"Friar Jack's Catechism Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Angels"</a>. AmericanCatholic.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americancatholic.org/e-News/FriarJack/fj082102.asp">the original</a> on 21 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friar+Jack%27s+Catechism+Quiz%3A+Test+Your+Knowledge+on+Angels&rft.pub=AmericanCatholic.org&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americancatholic.org%2Fe-News%2FFriarJack%2Ffj082102.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blersch2019-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blersch2019_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blersch2019_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlersch2019" class="citation web cs1">Blersch, Jeffrey (21 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201093647/https://www.pacifichillslutheran.org/news/st-michael-and-all-angels.html">"St. Michael and All Angels"</a>. Pacific Hills Lutheran Church. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pacifichillslutheran.org/news/st-michael-and-all-angels.html">the original</a> on 1 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Michael+and+All+Angels&rft.pub=Pacific+Hills+Lutheran+Church&rft.date=2019-09-21&rft.aulast=Blersch&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pacifichillslutheran.org%2Fnews%2Fst-michael-and-all-angels.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a> 1662, Calendar (29 September) "S. Michael and all Angels", page xxix; or propers, page 227, "Saint Michael and All Angels".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAranda_Perez" class="citation web cs1">Aranda Perez, Gonzalo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ccdl.claremont.edu/digital/collection/cce/id/879">"Gabriel, Archangel"</a>. <i>The Claremont Colleges Digital Library</i>. The Coptic Encyclopedia, volume 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Claremont+Colleges+Digital+Library&rft.atitle=Gabriel%2C+Archangel&rft.aulast=Aranda+Perez&rft.aufirst=Gonzalo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fccdl.claremont.edu%2Fdigital%2Fcollection%2Fcce%2Fid%2F879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoQ-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebb2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gisela_Webb" title="Gisela Webb">Webb, Gisela</a> (2006). "Gabriel". In <a href="/wiki/Jane_Dammen_McAuliffe" title="Jane Dammen McAuliffe">McAuliffe, Jane Dammen</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān">Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān</a></i>. Vol. II. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00071">10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00071</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-14743-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-14743-0"><bdi>978-90-04-14743-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gabriel&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Netherlands&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00071&rft.isbn=978-90-04-14743-0&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Gisela&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1397.htm">"Strong's Hebrew Concordance – 1397. geber"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strong%27s+Hebrew+Concordance+%E2%80%93+1397.+geber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fhebrew%2F1397.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pealim.com/dict/3106-gever/">"Inflection of גֶּבֶר"</a>. <i>Pealim</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pealim&rft.atitle=Inflection+of+%D7%92%D6%B6%D6%BC%D7%91%D6%B6%D7%A8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pealim.com%2Fdict%2F3106-gever%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/hebrew/410.htm">"Strong's Hebrew Concordance – 410. El"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strong%27s+Hebrew+Concordance+%E2%80%93+410.+El&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fhebrew%2F410.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstas2003" class="citation book cs1">Constas, Nicholas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/801325432"><i>Proclus of Constantinople and the cult of the Virgin in late antiquity : homilies 1-5, texts and translations</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-12612-0" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-12612-0"><bdi>90-04-12612-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/801325432">801325432</a>. <q>You should also pay attention to the name of the archangel. He who brought the glad tidings to Mary was called Gabriel (Lk. 1.26). What is the meaning of "Gabriel"? God and man. Now he of whom Gabriel was bringing these tidings was God and man, and thus his name was an anticipation of the miracle, given to assure us of the incarnation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Proclus+of+Constantinople+and+the+cult+of+the+Virgin+in+late+antiquity+%3A+homilies+1-5%2C+texts+and+translations&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F801325432&rft.isbn=90-04-12612-0&rft.aulast=Constas&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F801325432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230518094336/https://thebulgariantimes.com/wp-content/uploads/The-Encyclopedia-of-religion_1.pdf"><i>The-Encyclopedia-of-religion</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 1987. p. 283. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebulgariantimes.com/wp-content/uploads/The-Encyclopedia-of-religion_1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The-Encyclopedia-of-religion&rft.pages=283&rft.date=1987&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebulgariantimes.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2FThe-Encyclopedia-of-religion_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-je-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-je_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-je_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6450-gabriel"><i>Jewish Encyclopedia, Gabriel</i></a>. Vol. 5. 1906. pp. 540–543<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia%2C+Gabriel&rft.pages=540-543&rft.date=1906&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F6450-gabriel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-everson-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-everson_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-everson_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverson2009" class="citation web cs1">Everson, David L. (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/2009/12/eve278002">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Gabriel Blow Your Horn! – A Short History of Gabriel within Jewish Literature", Xavier University"</a>. bibleinterp.arizona.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Gabriel+Blow+Your+Horn%21+%E2%80%93+A+Short+History+of+Gabriel+within+Jewish+Literature%22%2C+Xavier+University&rft.pub=bibleinterp.arizona.edu&rft.date=2009-12&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbibleinterp.arizona.edu%2Farticles%2F2009%2F12%2Feve278002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-philologos.org-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-philologos.org_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Ginzberg" title="Louis Ginzberg">Ginzberg, Louis</a>. 1909. <i><a href="/wiki/Legends_of_the_Jews" title="Legends of the Jews">Legends of the Jews</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philologos.org/__eb-lotj/vol1/one.htm#1">Vol I: The Creation of The World – The First Things Created</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190120184551/https://philologos.org/__eb-lotj/vol1/one.htm#1">Archived</a> 20 January 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, translated by <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">H. Szold</a>. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Jewish Publication Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScholem1990" class="citation book cs1">Scholem, Gershom Gerhard (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9dRi8v-j7OMC&q=%22Tree+of+Souls%22&pg=PA153"><i>Origins of the Kabbalah</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0691020477" title="Special:BookSources/0691020477"><bdi>0691020477</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins+of+the+Kabbalah&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0691020477&rft.aulast=Scholem&rft.aufirst=Gershom+Gerhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9dRi8v-j7OMC%26q%3D%2522Tree%2Bof%2BSouls%2522%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#1:10" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 1:10–20</a> KJV. (other versions: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1:1–25&version=!">Luke 1:1–25</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120720085450/http://www.avbtab.org/rc/read/dedicate.htm">THE Dedication (Jesus' birth)</a> "The priests serve 4 weeks per year: 1 week twice a year in courses, and the two week-long feasts, unleavened bread and tabernacles. Pentecost is a one-day observance, which would have come before Zacharias' (the 8th) course began, or at the latest, the 1st day of his course, which was from 12 thru 18 Sivan, or noon on the 19th, if Josephus is correct that courses changed at noon on the sabbaths." Josephus Antiquities b.7 ch.14 s.7 "eight days, from sabbath to sabbath". Josephus against Apion b.2 sect.8 "mid-day"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#1:26" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 1:26–38</a> KJV. (other versions: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1:26–38&version=!">Luke 1:26–38</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaston" class="citation cs2">Easton, Matthew George, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Easton%27s_Bible_Dictionary_(1897)/Angel">"Angel"</a>, <i>Easton's Bible Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Easton%27s+Bible+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Angel&rft.aulast=Easton&rft.aufirst=Matthew+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEaston%2527s_Bible_Dictionary_%281897%29%2FAngel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_M._Robinson2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_M._Robinson" title="James M. Robinson">James M. Robinson</a> (2007) [First published 1978]. "The Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ebxHP6RPNTUC"><i>The Nag Hammadi Scriptures</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780060523787" title="Special:BookSources/9780060523787"><bdi>9780060523787</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Holy+Book+of+the+Great+Invisible+Spirit&rft.btitle=The+Nag+Hammadi+Scriptures&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780060523787&rft.au=James+M.+Robinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DebxHP6RPNTUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Bernard_of_Clairvaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Bernard of Clairvaux">Saint Bernard of Clairvaux</a>, <i>Four homilies on the Missus Est</i> <a class="external autonumber" href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Hom%C3%A9lies_sur_les_gloires_de_la_Vierge_m%C3%A8re/Premi%C3%A8re_hom%C3%A9lie">[1]</a>, first homily, paragraph 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XG42AAAAMAAJ&q=18th+of+march+archangel+gabriel+day&pg=PA9">"The Catholic Directory, Ecclasiastical Register, and Almanac"</a>. 1856<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Directory%2C+Ecclasiastical+Register%2C+and+Almanac&rft.date=1856&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXG42AAAAMAAJ%26q%3D18th%2Bof%2Bmarch%2Barchangel%2Bgabriel%2Bday%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrayson2016" class="citation book cs1">Drayson, Elizabeth (13 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LwRfCwAAQBAJ&q=archangel+gabriel+18+march&pg=PA3"><i>The Lead Books of Granada</i></a> (2013 ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1137358844" title="Special:BookSources/978-1137358844"><bdi>978-1137358844</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lead+Books+of+Granada&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=2013&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2016-01-13&rft.isbn=978-1137358844&rft.aulast=Drayson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLwRfCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Darchangel%2Bgabriel%2B18%2Bmarch%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Villegas1794" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">de Villegas, Alonso (1794). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D-MIM9Quh_sC&q=el+arc%C3%A1ngel+del+bautismo+gabriel+18+marzo&pg=PA250"><i>Flos sanctorum: historia general de la vida y hechos de Jesu-Christo ...</i></a> (in Spanish). Spain: Imprenta de Isidro Aguasvivas. p. 250.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flos+sanctorum%3A+historia+general+de+la+vida+y+hechos+de+Jesu-Christo+...&rft.place=Spain&rft.pages=250&rft.pub=Imprenta+de+Isidro+Aguasvivas&rft.date=1794&rft.aulast=de+Villegas&rft.aufirst=Alonso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD-MIM9Quh_sC%26q%3Del%2Barc%25C3%25A1ngel%2Bdel%2Bbautismo%2Bgabriel%2B18%2Bmarzo%26pg%3DPA250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qKM9AAAAYAAJ&q=archangel+gabriel+18th+of+march+commemoration&pg=PA1112"><i>The Irish Ecclesiastical Record</i></a>. Browne and Nolan, 1886. 1886. p. 1112.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Irish+Ecclesiastical+Record&rft.pages=1112&rft.pub=Browne+and+Nolan%2C+1886&rft.date=1886&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqKM9AAAAYAAJ%26q%3Darchangel%2Bgabriel%2B18th%2Bof%2Bmarch%2Bcommemoration%26pg%3DPA1112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Butler's Lives of the saints</i>, vol. 1, edited by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Thurston" title="Herbert Thurston">Herbert Thurston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Attwater" title="Donald Attwater">Donald Attwater</a>, Christian Classics, 1981 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870610455" title="Special:BookSources/9780870610455">9780870610455</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendarium Romanum</i> (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1969), p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150116101352/http://www.keliaxionestin.com/eng/?page_id=760">"Ιερό Κελλί "Άξιον Εστί"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keliaxionestin.com/eng/?page_id=760">the original</a> on 16 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%CE%99%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C+%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF+%22%CE%86%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%95%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AF%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keliaxionestin.com%2Feng%2F%3Fpage_id%3D760&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelimirovic1985" class="citation book cs1">Velimirovic, Bishop Nikolai (1985). "13 July: The Holy Archangel Gabriel". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928014848/http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=July&day=13&Go.x=6&Go.y=12"><i>Prologue from Ochrid</i></a>. Birmingham, UK: Lazarica Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-948298-05-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-948298-05-9"><bdi>978-0-948298-05-9</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=July&day=13&Go.x=6&Go.y=12">the original</a> on 28 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=13+July%3A+The+Holy+Archangel+Gabriel&rft.btitle=Prologue+from+Ochrid&rft.place=Birmingham%2C+UK&rft.pub=Lazarica+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-948298-05-9&rft.aulast=Velimirovic&rft.aufirst=Bishop+Nikolai&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.westsrbdio.org%2Fprolog%2Fmy.html%3Fmonth%3DJuly%26day%3D13%26Go.x%3D6%26Go.y%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stgregoryoc.org/calendar/">"Calendar"</a>. <i>St. Gregory the Great Orthodox Church</i>. 11 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St.+Gregory+the+Great+Orthodox+Church&rft.atitle=Calendar&rft.date=2012-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stgregoryoc.org%2Fcalendar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rocor-wr.org/">"ROCOR Western Rite (Home)"</a>. <i>rocorwr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rocorwr&rft.atitle=ROCOR+Western+Rite+%28Home%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rocor-wr.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/Synaxarium-or-Synaxarion/Saints-Feasts/10-Bawoonah/13-Bawoonah-1-Gabriel-Angel.html">"تذكار رئيس الملائكة الجليل جبرائيل "غبريال" - عيد سنكسار يوم 13 بؤونة، شهر بؤونة، الشهر القبطي"</a>. <i>st-takla.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=st-takla.org&rft.atitle=%D8%AA%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%83%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84+%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84+%22%D8%BA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%22+-+%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85+13+%D8%A8%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9%D8%8C+%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1+%D8%A8%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9%D8%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fst-takla.org%2FFull-Free-Coptic-Books%2FSynaxarium-or-Synaxarion%2FSaints-Feasts%2F10-Bawoonah%2F13-Bawoonah-1-Gabriel-Angel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex" class="citation web cs1">Alex, Michael Ghaly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/FreeCopticBooks-014-Various-Authors/001-Al-Mala2ka/The-Angels__37-Archangel-Gabriel.html">"رئيس الملائكة الجليل جبرائيل - كتاب الملائكة"</a>. <i>st-takla.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=st-takla.org&rft.atitle=%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%83%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84+%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84+-+%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%83%D8%A9&rft.aulast=Alex&rft.aufirst=Michael+Ghaly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fst-takla.org%2FFull-Free-Coptic-Books%2FFreeCopticBooks-014-Various-Authors%2F001-Al-Mala2ka%2FThe-Angels__37-Archangel-Gabriel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nega Mezlekia, <i>Notes from the Hyena's Belly: An Ethiopian Childhood</i> (New York: Picador, 2000), p. 266. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-28914-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-28914-6">0-312-28914-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-svm-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-svm_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-svm_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-svm_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Vernon McCasland, "Gabriel's Trumpet", <i>Journal of Bible and Religion</i> <b>9</b>:3:159–161 (August 1941) <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1456405">1456405</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In Judaism, trumpets are prominent, and they seem to be blown by God himself, or sometimes <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>. In Islamic tradition, it is <a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a> who blows the trumpet, though he is not named in the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210822213239/http://forums.orthodoxchristianity.net/attachments/the-peace-hour-pdf.18766/">"Peace Hour (After Sunset)"</a>. <i>orthodoxchristianity.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.orthodoxchristianity.net/attachments/the-peace-hour-pdf.18766/">the original</a> on 22 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=orthodoxchristianity.net&rft.atitle=Peace+Hour+%28After+Sunset%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.orthodoxchristianity.net%2Fattachments%2Fthe-peace-hour-pdf.18766%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walters MS 543, fol. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The widespread understanding of Gabriel's horn as a symbol of the end of time in U.S. Southern culture, is apparent from its appearance in the University of Texas's school spirit song, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eyes_of_Texas" title="The Eyes of Texas">The Eyes of Texas</a></i> (1903): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texassports.com/sports/2013/7/28/traditions_0728131333.aspx?id=267">"The eyes of Texas are upon you, until Gabriel blows his horn."</a> Likewise in <a href="/wiki/Marc_Connelly" title="Marc Connelly">Marc Connelly</a>'s play based on negro spirituals, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Pastures" title="The Green Pastures">The Green Pastures</a></i> (1930), Gabriel has his beloved trumpet constantly with him, and the Lord has to warn him not to blow it too soon.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milton, <i>Paradise Lost</i>, XI.72ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkinner1992" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_C._Skinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew C. Skinner (page does not exist)">Skinner, Andrew C</a> (1992), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160917041336/http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Noah">"Noah"</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Ludlow" title="Daniel H. Ludlow">Ludlow, Daniel H</a> (ed.), <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Mormonism" title="Encyclopedia of Mormonism">Encyclopedia of Mormonism</a></i>, New York: <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Macmillan Publishing">Macmillan Publishing</a>, pp. 1016–1017, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-879602-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-879602-0"><bdi>0-02-879602-0</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/24502140">24502140</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Noah">the original</a> on 17 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Noah&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Mormonism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1016-1017&rft.pub=Macmillan+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F24502140&rft.isbn=0-02-879602-0&rft.aulast=Skinner&rft.aufirst=Andrew+C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feom.byu.edu%2Findex.php%2FNoah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomney" class="citation web cs1">Romney, Joseph B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1998/02/noah-the-great-preacher-of-righteousness?lang=eng">"Noah, The Great Preacher of Righteousness"</a>. <i>The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2019</span>. <q>the Prophet Joseph Smith said: "Noah, who is Gabriel, … stands next in authority to Adam in the Priesthood;</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft.atitle=Noah%2C+The+Great+Preacher+of+Righteousness&rft.aulast=Romney&rft.aufirst=Joseph+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fstudy%2Fensign%2F1998%2F02%2Fnoah-the-great-preacher-of-righteousness%3Flang%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reynolds_2014-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2014_47-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Said_Reynolds" title="Gabriel Said Reynolds">Reynolds, Gabriel Said</a> (2014). "Gabriel". In Fleet, Kate; <a href="/wiki/Gudrun_Kr%C3%A4mer" title="Gudrun Krämer">Krämer, Gudrun</a>; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; <a href="/wiki/Everett_K._Rowson" title="Everett K. Rowson">Rowson, Everett K.</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam 3">Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE</a></i>. Vol. 3. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_27359">10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27359</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-26962-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-26962-0"><bdi>978-90-04-26962-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1873-9830">1873-9830</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gabriel&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+THREE&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Netherlands&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2014&rft.issn=1873-9830&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_COM_27359&rft.isbn=978-90-04-26962-0&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Said&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI2-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EI2_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI2_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI2_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedersen1965" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Pedersen, Jan (1965). "D̲j̲abrāʾīl". In <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Edmund_Bosworth" title="Clifford Edmund Bosworth">Bosworth, C. E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Emeri_Johannes_van_Donzel" class="mw-redirect" title="Emeri Johannes van Donzel">van Donzel, E. J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Wolfhart_Heinrichs" title="Wolfhart Heinrichs">Heinrichs, W. P.</a>; Lewis, B.; <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pellat" title="Charles Pellat">Pellat, Ch.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schacht" title="Joseph Schacht">Schacht, J.</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a></i>. Vol. 2. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_SIM_1903">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1903</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4"><bdi>978-90-04-16121-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=D%CC%B2j%CC%B2abr%C4%81%CA%BE%C4%ABl&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Netherlands&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_SIM_1903&rft.isbn=978-90-04-16121-4&rft.aulast=Pedersen&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Luxenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Christoph Luxenberg">Luxenberg, Christoph</a>. 2007. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Syro-Aramaic_Reading_of_the_Koran" title="The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran">The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran: A Contribution to the Decoding of the Language of the Koran</a></i>. Verlag Hans Schiler. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783899300888" title="Special:BookSources/9783899300888">9783899300888</a> p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel 8.16, 9.21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luke 1.26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luke 1.19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlasse2000" class="citation book cs1">Glasse, Cyril (2000). <i>The Concise Encyclopedia of Islam</i>. Lahore: Suhail Academy. p. 136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/969-519-018-9" title="Special:BookSources/969-519-018-9"><bdi>969-519-018-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.place=Lahore&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=Suhail+Academy&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=969-519-018-9&rft.aulast=Glasse&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">von Hammer-Purgstall, Josef. [1852] 2010. <i>Die Geisterlehre der Moslimen</i> [<i>The Doctrine of Spirits of Muslims</i>]. <a href="/wiki/Bayerische_Staatsbibliothek" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayerische Staatsbibliothek">Bayerische Staatsbibliothek</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sunnah.com_Muslim-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sunnah.com_Muslim_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/muslim:174b">"1 The Book of Faith (76) Chapter: About (The Lote-Tree of the Utmost Boundary)"</a>. <i>Sunnah.com</i> (in English and Arabic)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2022</span>. <q>Sahih Muslim 174b In-book reference: Book 1, Hadith 338 USC-MSA web (English) reference: Book 1, Hadith 331 (deprecated numbering scheme)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sunnah.com&rft.atitle=1+The+Book+of+Faith+%2876%29+Chapter%3A+About+%28The+Lote-Tree+of+the+Utmost+Boundary%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fmuslim%3A174b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quran <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/2?startingVerse=97">2:97</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENoegelWheeler2002218-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENoegelWheeler2002218_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNoegelWheeler2002">Noegel & Wheeler 2002</a>, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathīr2003" class="citation book cs1">Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar (2003). <i>Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyā'(Stories of the Prophets: [peace be upon them]) - Story of Zakariyyā (Zechariah)</i> (2nd ed.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Darussalam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9960892263" title="Special:BookSources/9960892263"><bdi>9960892263</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Qi%E1%B9%A3a%E1%B9%A3+al-Anbiy%C4%81%27%28Stories+of+the+Prophets%3A+%5Bpeace+be+upon+them%5D%29+-+Story+of+Zakariyy%C4%81+%28Zechariah%29&rft.place=Riyadh%2C+Saudi+Arabia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Darussalam&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9960892263&rft.aulast=Ibn+Kath%C4%ABr&rft.aufirst=Ism%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%ABl+ibn+%CA%BBUmar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathīr2003" class="citation book cs1">Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar (2003). <i>Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyā' (Stories of the Prophets: [peace be upon them]) – Story of ʻĪsá (Jesus)</i> (2nd ed.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Darussalam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9960892263" title="Special:BookSources/9960892263"><bdi>9960892263</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Qi%E1%B9%A3a%E1%B9%A3+al-Anbiy%C4%81%27+%28Stories+of+the+Prophets%3A+%5Bpeace+be+upon+them%5D%29+%E2%80%93+Story+of+%CA%BB%C4%AAs%C3%A1+%28Jesus%29&rft.place=Riyadh%2C+Saudi+Arabia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Darussalam&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9960892263&rft.aulast=Ibn+Kath%C4%ABr&rft.aufirst=Ism%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%ABl+ibn+%CA%BBUmar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathīr2003" class="citation book cs1">Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar (2003). <i>Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyā' (Stories of the Prophets: [peace be upon them]) – Story of Ismāʻīl (Ishmael)</i> (2nd ed.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Darussalam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9960892263" title="Special:BookSources/9960892263"><bdi>9960892263</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Qi%E1%B9%A3a%E1%B9%A3+al-Anbiy%C4%81%27+%28Stories+of+the+Prophets%3A+%5Bpeace+be+upon+them%5D%29+%E2%80%93+Story+of+Ism%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%ABl+%28Ishmael%29&rft.place=Riyadh%2C+Saudi+Arabia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Darussalam&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9960892263&rft.aulast=Ibn+Kath%C4%ABr&rft.aufirst=Ism%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%ABl+ibn+%CA%BBUmar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nabi-Nabi_Allah:_Kisah_Para_Nabi_dan_Rasul_Allah_dalam_Al-Qur'an-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nabi-Nabi_Allah:_Kisah_Para_Nabi_dan_Rasul_Allah_dalam_Al-Qur'an_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmad_Bahgat2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Bahgat" title="Ahmad Bahgat">Ahmad Bahgat</a> (2007). Ayu, Sudjilah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0JLcDwAAQBAJ"><i>Nabi-Nabi Allah Kisah Para Nabi dan Rasul Allah dalam Al-Qur'an</i></a> [<i>Prophets of Allah Stories of the Prophets and Messengers of Allah in the Qur'an</i>] (Religion / Islam / General, Religion / Islam / History) (in Indonesian and Arabic). Translated by Muhtadi Kadi; Musthofa Sukawi. Qisthi Press. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789791303101" title="Special:BookSources/9789791303101"><bdi>9789791303101</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nabi-Nabi+Allah+Kisah+Para+Nabi+dan+Rasul+Allah+dalam+Al-Qur%27an&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Qisthi+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9789791303101&rft.au=Ahmad+Bahgat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0JLcDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Suyuti;_angel_Jibril-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Suyuti;_angel_Jibril_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Suyuti2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Suyuti" title="Al-Suyuti">Al-Suyuti</a> (2021). Muhammad as Said Basyuni, Abu Hajir; Yasir, Muhammad (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iDxQEAAAQBAJ"><i>Misteri Alam Malaikat</i></a> (Religion / Islam / General) (in Indonesian). Translated by Mishabul Munir. Pustaka al-Kautsar. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789795929512" title="Special:BookSources/9789795929512"><bdi>9789795929512</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2022</span>. <q>Quoting Ibnul Mubarak from a book of <i>az-Zuhd</i>; ad Durr al-Manshur, chain narration from Ibnul Mubarak to Ibn Shihab (1/92)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misteri+Alam+Malaikat&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Pustaka+al-Kautsar&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9789795929512&rft.au=Al-Suyuti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiDxQEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Yahsubi2013" class="citation book cs1">al-Yahsubi, Al-Qadi Iyad (2013). <i>الشفا بتعريف حقوق المصطفى (ص) [عربي/انكليزي] ترجمة(Ash-Shifa: Healing Through Defining the Rights of Prophet Muhammad [may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him])</i> (2nd ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-745-16073-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-745-16073-7"><bdi>978-2-745-16073-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%A7+%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81+%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89+%28%D8%B5%29+%5B%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%2F%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%5D+%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9%28Ash-Shifa%3A+Healing+Through+Defining+the+Rights+of+Prophet+Muhammad+%5Bmay+Allah%27s+peace+and+blessings+be+upon+him%5D%29&rft.place=Beirut%2C+Lebanon&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Dar+Al+Kotob+Al+Ilmiyah&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-2-745-16073-7&rft.aulast=al-Yahsubi&rft.aufirst=Al-Qadi+Iyad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Islam_Issa_(academic)" title="Islam Issa (academic)">Issa, Islam</a>. 2016. <i>Milton in the Arab-Muslim World</i>. Taylor & Francis. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-09592-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-09592-7">978-1-317-09592-7</a>. p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Misri;_Sirah_Sahabah:_Zubair_bin_Awwam-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Misri;_Sirah_Sahabah:_Zubair_bin_Awwam_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Misri2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Misri, Mahmud (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onesearch.id/Record/IOS3644.slims-9450"><i>Sahabat-Sahabat Rasulullah</i></a> [<i>Companion of the Prophet vol 1: Zubair bin Awwam</i>] (in Indonesian and Arabic). Vol. 1: Zubair bin Awwan. Pustaka Ibnu Katsir. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kalemtayeb.com/safahat/item/36531">Shaja'ah Zubayr ibn al-Awwam Radhiyallahu anh (bravery of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a>; by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmud_al-Misri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmud al-Misri (page does not exist)">Mahmud al-Misri</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:محمود المصري">ar</a>]</span>; official Book review by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pS1qvPSxq34">Basalamah</a>; quoting various supplementary sources such as Sahih Bukhari, <a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a>, Siyar A'lam Nubala, <a href="/wiki/Al-Tirmidhi" title="Al-Tirmidhi">Al-Tirmidhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Prophetic biography</a> of Ibn Hisham, etc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789791294386" title="Special:BookSources/9789791294386"><bdi>9789791294386</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sahabat-Sahabat+Rasulullah&rft.pages=Shaja%27ah+Zubayr+ibn+al-Awwam+Radhiyallahu+anh+%28bravery+of+Zubayr+ibn+al-Awwam%3B+by+Mahmud+al-Misri%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22+style%3D%22font-size%3A85%25%3B+font-style%3A+normal%3B+%22%3E-%26%2391%3B%3Aar%3A%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%7Car%26%2393%3B%3C%2Fspan%3E%3B+official+Book+review+by+Basalamah%3B+quoting+various+supplementary+sources+such+as+Sahih+Bukhari%2C+Sahih+Muslim%2C+Siyar+A%27lam+Nubala%2C+Al-Tirmidhi%2C+Prophetic+biography+of+Ibn+Hisham%2C+etc.&rft.pub=Pustaka+Ibnu+Katsir&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789791294386&rft.aulast=al-Misri&rft.aufirst=Mahmud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonesearch.id%2FRecord%2FIOS3644.slims-9450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Israfil-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Israfil_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Israfil_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHakim2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hakim, Saifuddin (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslim.or.id/24549-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-1.html">"Apakah Malaikat Israfil Bertugas Meniup Sangkakala pada Hari Kiamat? (1)"</a>. <i>Muslim.or.id</i> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2021</span>. <q>[ يا آدم بر حجك ] " ما يروى عن آدم -عليه السلام- أنه لما حج قالت له الملائكة: «يا آدم بر حجك»: غير ثابت. " [من فوائد جلسة مع طلبة العلم /16/ذو الحجة/1432 ] __________________ " ... فهل يحسن بنا وقد أنضينا قرائحنا في تعلم هذه السنة المطهرة، وبذلنا في العمل بها جهد المستطيع، وركبنا المخاطر في الدعوة إليها؛ هل يحسن بنا بعد هذا كله أن نسكت لهؤلاء عن هذه الدعوى الباطلة، ونوليهم منا ما تولوا ونبلعهم ريقهم، وهل يحسن بنا أن لا يكون لنا في الدفاع عنها ما كان منا في الدعوة إليها؟ إنا إذن لمقصرون!..."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muslim.or.id&rft.atitle=Apakah+Malaikat+Israfil+Bertugas+Meniup+Sangkakala+pada+Hari+Kiamat%3F+%281%29&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Hakim&rft.aufirst=Saifuddin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslim.or.id%2F24549-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Nishapuri" class="citation book cs1">al-Nishapuri, al-Hakim. "Kitabu Ma'rifat Shahabatu Radhiyallahu Anhum: Gabriel, Michael and Israfil descend in the Battle of Badr.". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&idfrom=4305&idto=4307&bk_no=74&ID=1899"><i>al Mustadrak ala Sahihayn</i></a>. Islamweb: Islamweb<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2021</span>. <q>4488 - Narrated Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ya'kub, through Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al Saadi , on the authority of Muhammad bin Khalid bin Athmah, on the authority of Musa bin Yaqub , who reported Abu Huwayrith , that Muhammad bin Jabir bin Mut'im, told him</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kitabu+Ma%27rifat+Shahabatu+Radhiyallahu+Anhum%3A+Gabriel%2C+Michael+and+Israfil+descend+in+the+Battle+of+Badr.&rft.btitle=al+Mustadrak+ala+Sahihayn&rft.place=Islamweb&rft.pub=Islamweb&rft.aulast=al-Nishapuri&rft.aufirst=al-Hakim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dbookcontents%26idfrom%3D4305%26idto%3D4307%26bk_no%3D74%26ID%3D1899&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Al_Mulqin_Mukhtaras-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Al_Mulqin_Mukhtaras_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbu_Hafs_Umar_bin_Ali_bin_Ahmad_bin_Muhammad_bin_Abdullah_Al-Anshari_Al-Wadi_Asyi_Al-Andalusi_At-Tukuruwi_Al-Mishri_Asy-Syafi`i" class="citation web cs1">Abu Hafs Umar bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Anshari Al-Wadi Asyi Al-Andalusi At-Tukuruwi Al-Mishri Asy-Syafi`i, Sirajuddin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://al-maktaba.org/book/33911/1160">"كتاب مختصر تلخيص الذهبي"</a> [kitab mukhtasar talkhis aldhahabii]. <i>Islamweb</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamweb&rft.atitle=%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8+%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A&rft.aulast=Abu+Hafs+Umar+bin+Ali+bin+Ahmad+bin+Muhammad+bin+Abdullah+Al-Anshari+Al-Wadi+Asyi+Al-Andalusi+At-Tukuruwi+Al-Mishri+Asy-Syafi%60i&rft.aufirst=Sirajuddin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fal-maktaba.org%2Fbook%2F33911%2F1160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Israfil2-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Israfil2_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHakim2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hakim, Saifuddin (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslim.or.id/24567-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-2.html">"Apakah Malaikat Israfil Bertugas Meniup Sangkakala pada Hari Kiamat? (2)"</a> [Does angel Raphael tasked to blow the trumpet of Armageddon in the day of judgment? (2)]. <i>Muslim.or.id</i> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2021</span>. <q>Tafsir Al-Qurthubi, 7/20 (Maktabah Syamilah); At-Tadzkirah bi Ahwaalil Mauta wa Umuuril Akhirah, 1/488 (Maktabah Syamilah).; Fathul Baari 11/368 (Maktabah Syamilah); see Al-Imaan bimaa Ba'dal Maut, p. 112. ; Syarh Al-Ibanah: Al-Imaan bin Nafkhi Ash-Shuur, 5/33.; Syarh Al-'Aqidah Al-Washithiyyah, 1/59-60 (Maktabah Asy-Syamilah). while in another book: وذلك أن الله سبحانه وتعالى يأمر اسرافيل وهو أحد الملائكة الموكلين بحمل العرش أن ينفخ في الصور (Syarh Al-'Aqidah As-Safariyaniyyah, 1/467).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muslim.or.id&rft.atitle=Apakah+Malaikat+Israfil+Bertugas+Meniup+Sangkakala+pada+Hari+Kiamat%3F+%282%29&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Hakim&rft.aufirst=Saifuddin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslim.or.id%2F24567-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lives_Of_The_Sahaba_39_–_Az-Zubayr_Ibn_Al-Awwam_–_PT_01-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lives_Of_The_Sahaba_39_–_Az-Zubayr_Ibn_Al-Awwam_–_PT_01_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQadhi2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ammaar_Yasir_Qadhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi">Qadhi, Yasir</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslimcentral.com/yasir-qadhi-lives-sahaba-az-zubayr-ibn-al-awwam/">"Lives Of The Sahaba 39 – Az-Zubayr Ibn Al-Awwam – PT 01"</a>. <i>Muslim Central Audio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muslim+Central+Audio&rft.atitle=Lives+Of+The+Sahaba+39+%E2%80%93+Az-Zubayr+Ibn+Al-Awwam+%E2%80%93+PT+01&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Qadhi&rft.aufirst=Yasir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslimcentral.com%2Fyasir-qadhi-lives-sahaba-az-zubayr-ibn-al-awwam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tarikh_Dimashq_2-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tarikh_Dimashq_2_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBin_Al-HassanAl-Dimashqi2012">Bin Al-Hassan & Al-Dimashqi (2012</a>, p. 622, Al-Zubayr told us, he said: And Abu Al-Makarram Uqbah bin Makram Al-Dhabi told me, Musab bin Salam Al-Tamimi told me, on the authority of Saad bin Tarif, on the authority of Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Ali, he said: On the day of Badr, Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam had a yellow turban).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERizqullah2005410-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERizqullah2005410_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRizqullah2005">Rizqullah 2005</a>, p. 410.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbasoomarAbasoomar2016-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbasoomarAbasoomar2016_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbasoomarAbasoomar2016">Abasoomar & Abasoomar 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kisah_Teladan_20_Shahabat_Nabi_untuk_Anak-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kisah_Teladan_20_Shahabat_Nabi_untuk_Anak_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmad_Ath-Thahir2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ahmad Ath-Thahir, Hamid (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-61VEAAAQBAJ"><i>Kisah Teladan 20 Shahabat Nabi untuk Anak</i></a> (Doctor) (in Indonesian). Hikam Pustaka. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786236843703" title="Special:BookSources/9786236843703"><bdi>9786236843703</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kisah+Teladan+20+Shahabat+Nabi+untuk+Anak&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Hikam+Pustaka&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9786236843703&rft.aulast=Ahmad+Ath-Thahir&rft.aufirst=Hamid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-61VEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eve_of_battle_of_Uhud_&_Ahzab-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eve_of_battle_of_Uhud_&_Ahzab_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMubarakpuri2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman (2021). Nayra, Abu (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BWhgEAAAQBAJ"><i>Periode Madinah; Aktivitas Militer Menjelang Perang Uhud dan Perang Ahzab</i></a> [<i>Medina period: military activity on the eve of battle of Uhud & Ahzab</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(ebook)</span> (Religion / General, Religion / Islam / General, Religion / Islam / History, Religion / Reference) (in Indonesian). Translated by Abu Ahsan. Hikam Pustaka. pp. 78–79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786233114158" title="Special:BookSources/9786233114158"><bdi>9786233114158</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Periode+Madinah%3B+Aktivitas+Militer+Menjelang+Perang+Uhud+dan+Perang+Ahzab&rft.pages=78-79&rft.pub=Hikam+Pustaka&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9786233114158&rft.aulast=Mubarakpuri&rft.aufirst=Safiur+Rahman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBWhgEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ṣaḥīḥ_Al-Bukhārī_The_Translation_of_the_Meanings_of_Sahih_Al-Bukhari:_Arabic-English_·_Volume_5-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ṣaḥīḥ_Al-Bukhārī_The_Translation_of_the_Meanings_of_Sahih_Al-Bukhari:_Arabic-English_·_Volume_5_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhan1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Muhsin_Khan" title="Muhammad Muhsin Khan">Khan, Muhammad Muhsin</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BdclAQAAMAAJ"><i>Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari: Arabic–English</i></a> (Hadith – Early works to 1800). Vol. 5. <a href="/wiki/Darussalam_Publishers" title="Darussalam Publishers">Darussalam Publishers</a>. p. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789960717319" title="Special:BookSources/9789960717319"><bdi>9789960717319</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E1%B9%A2a%E1%B8%A5%C4%AB%E1%B8%A5+Al-Bukh%C4%81r%C4%AB+The+Translation+of+the+Meanings+of+Sahih+Al-Bukhari%3A+Arabic%E2%80%93English&rft.pages=269&rft.pub=Darussalam+Publishers&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9789960717319&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Muhsin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBdclAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Book_of_the_Jihad_of_'Ali_Ibn_Tahir_Al-Sulami_(d._1106)-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Book_of_the_Jihad_of_'Ali_Ibn_Tahir_Al-Sulami_(d._1106)_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristie2017" class="citation book cs1">Christie, Niall (2017). Christie, Niall (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ii5EDwAAQBAJ"><i>The Book of the Jihad of 'Ali Ibn Tahir Al-Sulami (d. 1106) Text, Translation and Commentary</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(ebook)</span> (History / Europe / Medieval, History / Middle East / General, Jihad – Early works to 1800). Taylor & Francis. p. 302. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317040118" title="Special:BookSources/9781317040118"><bdi>9781317040118</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+the+Jihad+of+%27Ali+Ibn+Tahir+Al-Sulami+%28d.+1106%29+Text%2C+Translation+and+Commentary&rft.pages=302&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781317040118&rft.aulast=Christie&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIi5EDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burge, Stephen. 2015. <i>Angels in Islam: Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti's al-Haba'ik fi akhbar al-mala'ik</i>. Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-50473-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-50473-0">978-1-136-50473-0</a> p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zeitschrift für Religionswissenschaft5. Jahrgang 1997 diagonal-Verlag Ursula Spuler-Stegemann <i>Der Engel Pfau zum Selbstvertändnis der Yezidi</i>, p. 14 (in German)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gorgievski-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gorgievski_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorgievski2014" class="citation book cs1">Gorgievski, Sandra (10 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fYareuHCAu0C&dq=angels+in+art+history&pg=PA1"><i>Face to Face with Angels: Images in Medieval Art and in Film</i></a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5756-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5756-4"><bdi>978-0-7864-5756-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Face+to+Face+with+Angels%3A+Images+in+Medieval+Art+and+in+Film&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5756-4&rft.aulast=Gorgievski&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfYareuHCAu0C%26dq%3Dangels%2Bin%2Bart%2Bhistory%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-longhurst-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-longhurst_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLonghurst,_Dr.1970" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">Longhurst, Dr., Christopher Evan (1 January 1970), <i>"The Science of Angelology in the Modern World: The Revival of Angels in Contemporary Culture", </i>The Catholic Response<i>, September/October 2012</i>, vol. IX, No. 2, Academia.edu, pp. 32–36, <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1553-0221">1553-0221</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22The+Science+of+Angelology+in+the+Modern+World%3A+The+Revival+of+Angels+in+Contemporary+Culture%22%2C+The+Catholic+Response%2C+September%2FOctober+2012&rft.pages=32-36&rft.pub=Academia.edu&rft.date=1970-01-01&rft.issn=1553-0221&rft.aulast=Longhurst%2C+Dr.&rft.aufirst=Christopher+Evan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sky.com/story/1185507/angels-exist-but-have-no-wings-says-church">"Angels Exist But Have No Wings, Says Church"</a>. News.sky.com. 20 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Angels+Exist+But+Have+No+Wings%2C+Says+Church&rft.pub=News.sky.com&rft.date=2013-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2F1185507%2Fangels-exist-but-have-no-wings-says-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brown-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brown_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Amelia. <i>Painting the Bodiless: Angels and Eunuchs in Byzantine Art and Culture</i>, University of Queensland (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giovetti1993-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Giovetti1993_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiovetti1993" class="citation book cs1">Giovetti, Paola (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=svkGyVmZyEEC"><i>Angels: The Role of Celestial Guardians and Beings of Light</i></a>. Translated by Toby McCormick. York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0877287797" title="Special:BookSources/978-0877287797"><bdi>978-0877287797</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27173025">27173025</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels%3A+The+Role+of+Celestial+Guardians+and+Beings+of+Light&rft.place=York+Beach%2C+Maine&rft.pub=Samuel+Weiser&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F27173025&rft.isbn=978-0877287797&rft.aulast=Giovetti&rft.aufirst=Paola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsvkGyVmZyEEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Godwin1990-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Godwin1990_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodwin1990" class="citation book cs1">Godwin, Malcolm (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/angelsendangered00godw"><i>Angels An Endangered Species</i></a></span>. New York, New York: Simon and Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/angelsendangered00godw/page/43">43</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0671706500" title="Special:BookSources/0671706500"><bdi>0671706500</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21227232">21227232</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>But Gabri-el is unique amongst an otherwise male or androgynous host, for it is almost certain that this great Archangel is the only female in the higher echelons.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+An+Endangered+Species&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F21227232&rft.isbn=0671706500&rft.aulast=Godwin&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fangelsendangered00godw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2012/08/17/little-italy-hosts-83rd-annual-saint-gabriels-festival/">"Little Italy Hosts 83rd Annual St. Gabriel Festival"</a>. Baltimore.cbslocal.com. 17 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Baltimoreguide.com. 17 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baltimoreguide.com/http:/baltimoreguide.com/little-italy-celebrates-the-feast-of-saint-gabriel-in-style/">the original</a> on 16 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Little+Italy+celebrates+the+Feast+of+Saint+Gabriel+in+style&rft.pub=Baltimoreguide.com&rft.date=2011-08-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbaltimoreguide.com%2Fhttp%3A%2Fbaltimoreguide.com%2Flittle-italy-celebrates-the-feast-of-saint-gabriel-in-style%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shiron.net/songView.aspx?song_id=307&singer_id=352&song_title=6cd6">"התרנגולים – אליפלט – שירונט"</a>. Shiron.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/25/arts/design/25voge.html?_r=0">Angels Appear, and Museums Rejoice</a>" <i>New York Times</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.textweek.com/art/gabriel.htm">"Links to images of Gabriel"</a>. The Text This Week<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Darul Hadith<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hadith+Answers&rft.atitle=Virtue+of+Sayyiduna+Zubayr+%28radiyallahu+%27anhu%29&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Abasoomar&rft.aufirst=Moulana+Muhammad&rft.au=Abasoomar%2C+Moulana+Haroon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhadithanswers.com%2Fvirtue-of-sayyiduna-zubayr-radiyallahu-anhu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBin_Al-HassanAl-Dimashqi2012" class="citation book cs1">Bin Al-Hassan, Abi Al-Qasim Ali; <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Asakir" title="Ibn Asakir">Al-Dimashqi, Ibn Asaker</a> (2012). <i>تاريخ مدينة دمشق 1-37 ج10</i> [<i>History of the city of Damascus</i>]. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE+%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9+%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82+1-37+%D8%AC10&rft.pub=Dar+Al+Kotob+Al+Ilmiyah+%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Bin+Al-Hassan&rft.aufirst=Abi+Al-Qasim+Ali&rft.au=Al-Dimashqi%2C+Ibn+Asaker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoegelWheeler2002" class="citation book cs1">Noegel, Scott B.; Wheeler, Brannon M. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W-QBAwAAQBAJ"><i>Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810866102" title="Special:BookSources/9780810866102"><bdi>9780810866102</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Prophets+in+Islam+and+Judaism&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780810866102&rft.aulast=Noegel&rft.aufirst=Scott+B.&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+Brannon+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW-QBAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRizqullah2005" class="citation book cs1">Rizqullah, Ahmad Mahdi (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G7YA55Ih59oC"><i>A Biography of the Prophet of Islam In the Light of the Original Sources, an Analytical Study · Volume 1</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Darussalam_Publishers" title="Darussalam Publishers">Darussalam Publishers</a>. p. 410. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789960969022" title="Special:BookSources/9789960969022"><bdi>9789960969022</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Biography+of+the+Prophet+of+Islam+In+the+Light+of+the+Original+Sources%2C+an+Analytical+Study+%C2%B7+Volume+1&rft.pages=410&rft.pub=Darussalam+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9789960969022&rft.aulast=Rizqullah&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+Mahdi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG7YA55Ih59oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Bamberger, Bernard J. (2006). <i>Fallen Angels: Soldiers of Satan's Realm</i>. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Jewish Publication Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8276-0797-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8276-0797-2"><bdi>978-0-8276-0797-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fallen+Angels%3A+Soldiers+of+Satan%27s+Realm&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Jewish+Publication+Society&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8276-0797-2&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Bernard+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Bunson, Matthew (1996). <i>Angels A to Z: A Who's Who of the Heavenly Host</i>. New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-88537-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-88537-9"><bdi>0-517-88537-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+A+to+Z%3A+A+Who%27s+Who+of+the+Heavenly+Host&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Crown+Trade+Paperbacks&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-517-88537-9&rft.aulast=Bunson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Cruz, Joan C. (1999). <i>Angels and Devils</i>. Rockford, Illinois: Tan Books & Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89555-638-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-89555-638-3"><bdi>0-89555-638-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+and+Devils&rft.place=Rockford%2C+Illinois&rft.pub=Tan+Books+%26+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-89555-638-3&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Joan+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Kreeft, Peter J. (1995). <i>Angels and Demons: What Do We Really Know About Them?</i>. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-550-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-550-8"><bdi>978-0-89870-550-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+and+Demons%3A+What+Do+We+Really+Know+About+Them%3F&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-89870-550-8&rft.aulast=Kreeft&rft.aufirst=Peter+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Lewis, James R.; Oliver, Evelyn Dorothy (2008). <i>Angels A to Z</i> (2nd ed.). Detroit, Michigan: Visible Ink Press. pp. 156–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-578592-12-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-578592-12-8"><bdi>978-1-578592-12-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+A+to+Z&rft.place=Detroit%2C+Michigan&rft.pages=156-15&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Visible+Ink+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-578592-12-8&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=James+R.&rft.au=Oliver%2C+Evelyn+Dorothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Ronner, John (1993). <i>Know Your Angels: The Angel Almanac With Biographies of 100 Prominent Angels in Legend & Folklore-And Much More!</i>. Murfreesboro, Tennessee: Mamre Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-932945-40-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-932945-40-2"><bdi>978-0-932945-40-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Know+Your+Angels%3A+The+Angel+Almanac+With+Biographies+of+100+Prominent+Angels+in+Legend+%26+Folklore-And+Much+More%21&rft.place=Murfreesboro%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Mamre+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-932945-40-2&rft.aulast=Ronner&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Archangel_Gabriel" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Archangel Gabriel">Archangel Gabriel</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Gabriel" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Gabriel">Gabriel</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181001121259/http://www.entheomedia.org/datura_gallery.htm">Images of Gabriel</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCeldránRuck2001" class="citation journal cs1">Celdrán, José Alfredo González; Ruck, Carl A. P. (Winter 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entheomedia.net/Entheos_Issue_2.htm">"Daturas for the Virgin"</a>. <i>Entheos</i>. <b>1</b> (2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entheos&rft.atitle=Daturas+for+the+Virgin&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Celdr%C3%A1n&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Alfredo+Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.au=Ruck%2C+Carl+A.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentheomedia.net%2FEntheos_Issue_2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGabriel" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Christmas" title="Template:Christmas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christmas" title="Template talk:Christmas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christmas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christmas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christmas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas"><span style="color:white">Christmas</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Christmas_(holiday)" title="Blue Christmas (holiday)"><span style="color:white">Blue Christmas</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day"><span style="color:white">Boxing Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day"><span style="color:white">Children's Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve"><span style="color:white">Christmas Eve</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas_Day" title="Saint Nicholas Day"><span style="color:white">Saint Nicholas Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day" title="Saint Stephen's Day"><span style="color:white">St. Stephen's Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus"><span style="color:white">Sol Invictus</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule"><span style="color:white">Yule</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%">In<br />Christianity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Magi" title="Biblical Magi">Biblical Magi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Angel Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_to_the_shepherds" title="Annunciation to the shepherds">Annunciation to the shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_the_Lord" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism of the Lord">Baptism of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Massacre of the Innocents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">flight into Egypt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_art" title="Nativity of Jesus in art">in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_later_culture" title="Nativity of Jesus in later culture">in later culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_scene" title="Nativity scene">Nativity scene</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_nativity_scene" title="Neapolitan nativity scene">Neapolitan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_of_Bethlehem" title="Star of Bethlehem">Star of Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(holiday)" title="Twelfth Night (holiday)">Twelfth Night</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore"><span style="color:white">folklore</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badalisc" title="Badalisc">Badalisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caganer" title="Caganer">Caganer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christkind" title="Christkind">Christkind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BDla" title="Grýla">Grýla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost" title="Jack Frost">Jack Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korvatunturi" title="Korvatunturi">Korvatunturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikantzaros" title="Kallikantzaros">Kallikantzaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend_of_the_Christmas_Spider" title="Legend of the Christmas Spider">Legend of the Christmas Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_Lwyd" title="Mari Lwyd">Mari Lwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miner%27s_figure" title="Miner's figure">Miner's figure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisse_(folklore)" title="Nisse (folklore)">Nisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Man_Winter" title="Old Man Winter">Old Man Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchta" title="Perchta">Perchta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa%27s_workshop" title="Santa's workshop">Santa's workshop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ti%C3%B3_de_Nadal" title="Tió de Nadal">Tió de Nadal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turo%C5%84" title="Turoń">Turoń</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertep" title="Vertep">Vertep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I,_Duke_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia">Wenceslaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_cat" title="Yule cat">Yule cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_Lads" class="mw-redirect" title="Yule Lads">Yule Lads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringer" title="Christmas gift-bringer"><span style="color:white">Gift-bringers</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Saint Nicholas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas_(European_folklore)" title="Saint Nicholas (European folklore)">folklore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Befana" title="Befana">Befana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ded_Moroz" title="Ded Moroz">Ded Moroz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Christmas" title="Father Christmas">Father Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandpa_Indian" title="Grandpa Indian">Grandpa Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joulupukki" title="Joulupukki">Joulupukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julemanden" title="Julemanden">Julemanden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Baba" title="Noel Baba">Noel Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olentzero" title="Olentzero">Olentzero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_No%C3%ABl" title="Père Noël">Père Noël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinterklaas" title="Sinterklaas">Sinterklaas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_and_winter_gift-bringers" title="List of Christmas and winter gift-bringers">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_Saint_Nicholas" title="Companions of Saint Nicholas"><span style="color:white">Companions of<br />Saint Nicholas</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belsnickel" title="Belsnickel">Belsnickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_elf" title="Christmas elf">Elves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knecht_Ruprecht" title="Knecht Ruprecht">Knecht Ruprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krampus" title="Krampus">Krampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Claus" title="Mrs. Claus">Mrs. Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Fouettard" title="Père Fouettard">Père Fouettard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_Man" title="Sack Man">Sack Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus%27_daughter" title="Santa Claus' daughter">Santa Claus' daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus%27s_reindeer" title="Santa Claus's reindeer">Santa's reindeer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer" title="Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer">Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snegurochka" title="Snegurochka">Snegurochka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwarte_Piet" title="Zwarte Piet">Zwarte Piet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_traditions" title="Christmas traditions"><span style="color:white">Traditions</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_calendar" title="Advent calendar">Advent calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent_candle" title="Advent candle">Advent candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent_wreath" title="Advent wreath">Advent wreath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boar%27s_Head_Feast" title="Boar's Head Feast">Boar's Head Feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwibbogen" title="Schwibbogen">Candle arches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_card" title="Christmas card">Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carols_by_Candlelight" title="Carols by Candlelight">Carols by Candlelight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalcade_of_Magi" title="Cavalcade of Magi">Cavalcade of Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christingle" title="Christingle">Christingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_jumper" title="Christmas jumper">Christmas jumper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Peace" title="Christmas Peace">Christmas Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cracker" title="Christmas cracker">Crackers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_decoration" title="Christmas decoration">Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didukh" title="Didukh">Didukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_events_and_celebrations" title="Category:Christmas events and celebrations">Events and celebrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Seven_Fishes" title="Feast of the Seven Fishes">Feast of the Seven Fishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Santa" title="Flying Santa">Flying Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift" title="Christmas gift">Gifts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Santa_Tracker" title="Google Santa Tracker">Google Santa Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamper#Christmas_hamper" title="Hamper">Hampers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Posadas" title="Las Posadas">Las Posadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round-robin_letter" title="Round-robin letter">Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_lights" title="Christmas lights">Lights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_Misrule" title="Lord of Misrule">Lord of Misrule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_market" title="Christmas market">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_meals_and_feasts" title="Category:Christmas meals and feasts">Meals and feasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Mass" title="Midnight Mass">Midnight Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_star" title="Moravian star">Moravian star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Lessons_and_Carols" title="Nine Lessons and Carols">Nine Lessons and Carols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORAD_Tracks_Santa" title="NORAD Tracks Santa">NORAD Tracks Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutcracker" title="Nutcracker">Nutcrackers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nutcracker_doll" title="Nutcracker doll">dolls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_ornament" title="Christmas ornament">Ornaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_parade" title="Santa Claus parade">Parades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_and_holiday_season_parades" title="List of Christmas and holiday season parades">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B1ata" title="Piñata">Piñatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poinsettia" title="Poinsettia">Poinsettia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_pyramid" title="Christmas pyramid">Pyramids</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4uchermann" title="Räuchermann">Räuchermann</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas seal">Seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Santa" title="Secret Santa">Secret Santa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spanbaum" title="Spanbaum">Spanbaum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_szopka" title="Kraków szopka">Szopka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_stamp" title="Christmas stamp">Stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_stocking" title="Christmas stocking">Stockings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Days_of_Christmas" title="Twelve Days of Christmas">Twelve Days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassailing" title="Wassailing">Wassailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_window" title="Christmas window">Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_goat" title="Yule goat">Yule goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log" title="Yule log">Yule log</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Observance_of_Christmas_by_country" title="Observance of Christmas by country"><span style="color:white">By country</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Australia" title="Christmas in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Colombia" title="Christmas in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_and_Christmas_in_Denmark" title="Yule and Christmas in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_in_England" title="Category:Christmas in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Christmas" title="Ethiopian Christmas">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Finland" title="Christmas in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_France" title="Christmas in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihnachten" title="Weihnachten">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Christmas in Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Hungary" title="Christmas in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Iceland" title="Christmas in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Indonesia" title="Christmas in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Ireland" title="Christmas in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Italy" title="Christmas in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Mexico" title="Christmas in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Zealand" title="Christmas in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Norway" title="Christmas in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_the_Philippines" title="Christmas in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Poland" title="Christmas in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Romania" title="Christmas in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Russia" title="Christmas in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Scotland" title="Christmas in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Serbia" title="Christmas in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Sweden" title="Christmas in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Ukraine" title="Christmas in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Christmas in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Christmas in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Hawaii" title="Christmas in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Mexico" title="Christmas in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_the_United_States_(1946%E2%80%931964)" title="Christmas in the United States (1946–1964)">Post-War United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_music" title="Christmas music"><span style="color:white">Music</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_carol" title="Christmas carol">Carols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_carols" title="List of Christmas carols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_operas" title="List of Christmas operas">Operas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_music#Popular_Christmas_songs" title="Christmas music">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_hit_singles_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of Christmas hit singles in the United Kingdom">Hit singles in the UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popular_Christmas_singles_in_the_United_States" title="List of popular Christmas singles in the United States">Hit singles in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Christmas_Holiday_charts" title="Billboard Christmas Holiday charts">Music charts (<i>Billboard</i>)</a></li> <li>Music books <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carols_for_Choirs" title="Carols for Choirs">Carols for Choirs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Book_of_Carols" title="The Oxford Book of Carols">The Oxford Book of Carols</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Oxford_Book_of_Carols" title="The New Oxford Book of Carols">The New Oxford Book of Carols</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piae_Cantiones" title="Piae Cantiones">Piae Cantiones</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_by_medium" title="Christmas by medium"><span style="color:white">Other media</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas in literature">In literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_novels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Christmas novels">novels</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol" title="A Christmas Carol">A Christmas Carol</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_films" title="List of Christmas films">Films (Christmas,</a> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_in_film" title="Santa Claus in film">Santa,</a> <a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a>)</li> <li>Poetry <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Old_Santeclaus_with_Much_Delight" title="Old Santeclaus with Much Delight">Old Santeclaus with Much Delight</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Visit_from_St._Nicholas" title="A Visit from St. Nicholas">A Visit from St. Nicholas</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_in_the_Workhouse" title="Christmas Day in the Workhouse">Christmas Day in the Workhouse</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Journey_of_the_Magi" title="Journey of the Magi">Journey of the Magi</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tomten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomten">Tomten</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_television_specials" title="List of Christmas television specials">Christmas television specials</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yule_Log_(TV_program)" title="Yule Log (TV program)">Yule Log</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Apollo 8 Genesis reading</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%">In<br />modern<br />society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_Conspiracy" title="Advent Conspiracy">Advent Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(partying)" title="Black Friday (partying)">Black Friday (partying)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(shopping)" title="Black Friday (shopping)">Black Friday (shopping)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronner%27s_Christmas_Wonderland" title="Bronner's Christmas Wonderland">Bronner's Christmas Wonderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_and_holiday_season" title="Christmas and holiday season">Christmas and holiday season</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_club" title="Christmas club">Christmas club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_creep" title="Christmas creep">Christmas creep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_(Trading)_Act_2004" title="Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004">Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Institution_Christmas_Lectures" title="Royal Institution Christmas Lectures">Christmas Lectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Mountains" title="Christmas Mountains">Christmas Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_seals" title="Christmas seals">Christmas seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_truce" title="Christmas truce">Christmas truce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_controversies" title="Christmas controversies">Controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Monday" title="Cyber Monday">Cyber Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_Christmas" title="Economics of Christmas">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giving_Tuesday" class="mw-redirect" title="Giving Tuesday">Giving Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinch" title="Grinch">Grinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Christmas_Lottery" title="Spanish Christmas Lottery">El Gordo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jews_and_Christmas" title="Jews and Christmas">Jews and Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_July" title="Christmas in July">In July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_August_(Yellowstone)" title="Christmas in August (Yellowstone)">In August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBA_Christmas_games" title="NBA Christmas games">NBA games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFL_on_Christmas_Day" title="NFL on Christmas Day">NFL games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikkujoulu" title="Pikkujoulu">Pikkujoulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SantaCon" title="SantaCon">SantaCon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa%27s_Candy_Castle" title="Santa's Candy Castle">Santa's Candy Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_Village" title="Santa Claus Village">Santa Claus Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Scrooge" title="Ebenezer Scrooge">Scrooge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Business_Saturday" title="Small Business Saturday">Small Business Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Saturday" title="Super Saturday">Super Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_jumper" title="Christmas jumper">Ugly sweaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_O%27Hanlon" title="Virginia O'Hanlon">Virginia O'Hanlon</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Yes,_Virginia,_there_is_a_Santa_Claus" title="Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus">Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus</a>")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Christmas_(weather)" title="White Christmas (weather)">White Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multinational_festivals_and_holidays" title="List of multinational festivals and holidays">Winter festivals</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WWE_Tribute_to_the_Troops" title="WWE Tribute to the Troops">WWE Tribute to the Troops</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xmas" title="Xmas">Xmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_dishes" title="List of Christmas dishes"><span style="color:white">Food and<br />drink</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" title="Christmas dinner"><span style="color:white">Dinner</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joulup%C3%B6yt%C3%A4" title="Joulupöytä">Joulupöytä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julebord" title="Julebord">Julebord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AB%C4%8Dios" title="Kūčios">Kūčios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9veillon" title="Réveillon">Réveillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_desserts" title="Thirteen desserts">Thirteen desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-dish_Christmas_Eve_supper" title="Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper">Twelve-dish supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Sweets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baked_Alaska" title="Baked Alaska">Baked Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candy_cane" title="Candy cane">Candy cane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cookie" title="Christmas cookie">Cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozonac" title="Cozonac">Cozonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">Fruitcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">Gingerbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutia" title="Kutia">Kutia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mak%C3%B3wki" title="Makówki">Makówki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melomakarono" title="Melomakarono">Melomakarono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mince_pie" title="Mince pie">Mince pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampushka" title="Pampushka">Pampushka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panettone" title="Panettone">Panettone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlova_(cake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavlova (cake)">Pavlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecan_pie" title="Pecan pie">Pecan pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">Poppy seed roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_pudding" title="Christmas pudding">Pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_pie" title="Pumpkin pie">Pumpkin pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_velvet_cake" title="Red velvet cake">Red velvet cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szaloncukor" title="Szaloncukor">Szaloncukor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turr%C3%B3n" title="Turrón">Turrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log_(cake)" title="Yule log (cake)">Yule log</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Soup</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menudo_(soup)" title="Menudo (soup)">Menudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">Borscht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Sauces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bread_sauce" title="Bread sauce">Bread sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranberry_sauce" title="Cranberry sauce">Cranberry sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcurrant_sauce" title="Redcurrant sauce">Redcurrant sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_cider" title="Apple cider">Apple cider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champurrado" title="Champurrado">Champurrado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggnog" title="Eggnog">Eggnog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">Hot chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kissel" title="Kissel">Kissel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulled_wine" title="Mulled wine">Mulled wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_Bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoking Bishop">Smoking Bishop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponche_crema" title="Ponche crema">Ponche crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowball_(cocktail)" title="Snowball (cocktail)">Snowball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Dumplings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallaca" title="Hallaca">Hallaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">Pierogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamale" title="Tamale">Tamale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varenyky" class="mw-redirect" title="Varenyky">Varenyky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Meat and fish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefilte_fish" title="Gefilte fish">Gefilte fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_ham" title="Christmas ham">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_herring" title="Pickled herring">Pickled herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_goose" title="Roast goose">Roast goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeritos" title="Romeritos">Romeritos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffing" title="Stuffing">Stuffing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourti%C3%A8re" title="Tourtière">Tourtière</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meat_pie" title="Meat pie">meat pie</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_meat" title="Turkey meat">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas" title="Category:Christmas"><span style="color:white">Category</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Book_of_Daniel" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Book_of_Daniel" title="Template:Book of Daniel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Book_of_Daniel" title="Template talk:Book of Daniel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Book_of_Daniel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Book of Daniel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Book_of_Daniel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> <a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">chapters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_1" title="Daniel 1">Daniel 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_2" title="Daniel 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_4" title="Daniel 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_7" title="Daniel 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_8" title="Daniel 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 12">12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Additions_to_Daniel" title="Additions to Daniel">Additions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Azariah_and_Song_of_the_Three_Holy_Children" title="Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children">Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_(Book_of_Daniel)" title="Susanna (Book of Daniel)">Susanna and the Elders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel_and_the_Dragon" title="Bel and the Dragon">Bel and the Dragon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belshazzar" title="Belshazzar">Belshazzar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Mede" title="Darius the Mede">Darius the Mede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoiakim" title="Jehoiakim">Jehoiakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmoni" title="Palmoni">Palmoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadrach,_Meshach,_and_Abednego" title="Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego">Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Angels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abomination_of_desolation" title="Abomination of desolation">Abomination of desolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_of_Days" title="Ancient of Days">Ancient of Days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belshazzar%27s_feast" title="Belshazzar's feast">Belshazzar's feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_kingdoms_of_Daniel" title="Four kingdoms of Daniel">Four kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_in_the_lions%27_den" title="Daniel in the lions' den">Lion's den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy_of_Seventy_Weeks" title="Prophecy of Seventy Weeks">Prophecy of Seventy Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_man" title="Son of man">Son of man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_spirit" title="Territorial spirit">Territorial spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watcher (angel)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christian interpretations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" title="Futurism (Christianity)">Futurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" title="Historicism (Christianity)">Historicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicist_interpretations_of_the_Book_of_Daniel" title="Historicist interpretations of the Book of Daniel">Historicist interpretations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)">Idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_967" title="Papyrus 967">Papyrus 967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_62" title="Papyrus 62">Papyrus 62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Chisianus_45" title="Codex Chisianus 45">Codex Chisianus 45</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93" class="extiw" title="wikisource:he:דניאל ניקוד">Hebrew Bible</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AE%CE%BB" class="extiw" title="wikisource:el:Δανιήλ">Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/la:Biblia_Sacra_Vulgata_(Stuttgartensia)/Daniel" class="extiw" title="wikisource:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Daniel">Latin Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Wycliffe)/Daniel" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Wycliffe)/Daniel">Wycliffe Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Daniel" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (King James)/Daniel">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(American_Standard)/Daniel" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/Daniel">American Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(World_English)/Daniel" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (World English)/Daniel">World English Version</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="People_and_things_in_the_Quran" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template talk:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="People_and_things_in_the_Quran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People and things in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_characters_and_names_mentioned_in_the_Quran" title="List of characters and names mentioned in the Quran">Characters</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-humans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-humans</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Allāh</a> ('The <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Names</a> of <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> found in the Quran, such as <i>Karīm</i> (Generous)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqara" title="Al-Baqara">baqara</a></i> (cow) of Israelites</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam#The_plot_against_Joseph" title="Joseph in Islam">dhiʾb</a></i> (wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">fīl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">elephant</a>) of the Abyssinians</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Domesticated donkey</a>)</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">hud-hud</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hoopoe" title="Hoopoe">hoopoe</a>) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i>kalb</i> (dog) of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">sleepers of the cave</a></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">namlah</a></i> (female ant) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Jonah#The_fish" title="Jonah">nūn</a></i> (fish or whale) of Jonah</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/She-Camel_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="She-Camel of God">nāqat</a></i> (she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAnkabūt</i> (Female <a href="/wiki/Spider" title="Spider">spider</a>)</li> <li><i>Dābbat al-Arḍ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a>)</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Onager" title="Onager">Wild ass</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honey#Ancient_times" title="Honey">Naḥl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Honey_bee" title="Honey bee">Honey bee</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qaswarah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaswarah">Qaswarah</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Lion</a>', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter')</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Malāʾikah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Angels of Hell <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabaniyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Zabaniyya">Zabāniyah</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Bearers of the Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li><i>Kirāman Kātibīn</i> (Honourable Scribes) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raqib" class="mw-redirect" title="Raqib">Raqib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atid" title="Atid">Atid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muqarrabun" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel#Islam" title="Archangel"><i>Muqarrabun</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Islam">Jibrīl</a> (Gabriel, chief) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">Ar-Rūḥ</a></i> ('The Spirit') <ul><li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn</i> ('The Trustworthy Spirit')</li> <li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus</i> ('The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Angel of the Trumpet (<a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Isrāfīl</a> or <a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azrael#In_Islam" title="Azrael">Malakul-Mawt</a></i> (Angel of Death, Azrael)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)#Islam" title="Michael (archangel)">Mīkāil</a> (Michael)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></i> (Genies)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jann (legendary creature)">Jann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifrit#Islamic_scripture" title="Ifrit">ʿIfrīt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asmodeus" title="Asmodeus">Sakhr</a></i> (Asmodeus)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareen" title="Qareen">Qarīn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblīs</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Satan#Islam" title="Satan">ash-Shayṭān</a></i> (the (chief) <a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devil</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marid" title="Marid">Mārid</a></i> ('Rebellious one')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghilman" title="Ghilman">Ghilmān</a></i> or <i>Wildān</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Houri" title="Houri">Ḥūr</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_in_Islam" title="Adam in Islam">Ādam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Yasa">Al-Yasa</a>ʿ (<a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Ayyūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_in_Islam" title="David in Islam">Dāwūd</a> (<a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Kifl" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Kifl">Dhūl-Kifl</a> (Ezekiel?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Hārūn</a> (Aaron)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)" title="Hud (prophet)">Hūd</a> (Eber?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_(prophet)" title="Idris (prophet)">Idrīs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enoch" title="Enoch">Enoch</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">Ilyās</a> (Elijah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">ʿImrān</a> (Joachim the father of Maryam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Isḥāq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishmael_in_Islam" title="Ishmael in Islam">Ismāʿīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binding_of_Isaac#Muslim_views" title="Binding of Isaac">Dhabih Ullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_in_Islam" title="Lot in Islam">Lūṭ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lot_(biblical_person)" title="Lot (biblical person)">Lot</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih" title="Salih">Ṣāliḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuaib" title="Shuaib">Shuʿayb</a> (Jethro, Reuel or <a href="/wiki/Hobab_(biblical_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobab (biblical figure)">Hobab</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam" title="Solomon in Islam">Sulaymān</a> ibn Dāwūd (<a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a> son of David)</li> <li>ʿ<a href="/wiki/Uzair" title="Uzair">Uzair</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist#Islam" title="John the Baptist">Yaḥyā</a> ibn Zakariyyā (<a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> the son of Zechariah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_in_Islam" title="Jacob in Islam">Yaʿqūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a>) <ul><li>Isrāʾīl (Israel)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a>) <ul><li><i>Dhūn-Nūn</i> ('He of the <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">Fish</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">Whale</a>)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)')</li> <li><i>Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt</i> ('Companion of the Whale')</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam" title="Joseph in Islam">Yūsuf</a> ibn Ya‘qūb (<a href="/wiki/Joseph" title="Joseph">Joseph</a> son of Jacob)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)#In_Islam" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zakariyyā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ulu-l-%E2%80%98Azm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulu-l-‘Azm">Ulul-ʿAzm</a></i><br />('Those of the<br /> Perseverance<br /> and Strong Will')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muḥammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_the_Quran" title="Muhammad in the Quran">Aḥmad</a></li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Names_and_titles_of_Muhammad" title="Names and titles of Muhammad">names and titles of Muhammad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Masīḥ</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a>)</li> <li><i>Ibn Maryam</i> (Son of Mary)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Mūsā Kalīmullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> He who spoke to God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> Friend of God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">Nūḥ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Debatable ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Qarnayn" title="Dhu al-Qarnayn">Dhūl-Qarnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqman" title="Luqman">Luqmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Maryam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talut" title="Talut">Ṭālūt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a>?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah#Islamic_views" title="Jeremiah">Irmiyā</a> (Jeremiah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel#Islam" title="Samuel">Ṣamūʾīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua#In_Islam" title="Joshua">Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn</a> (Joshua, companion and successor of Moses)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People_of_Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People of Prophets</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Good ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Adam's immediate relatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Martyred son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve#Islamic_view" title="Eve">Wife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_the_Carpenter" title="Habib the Carpenter">Believer of Ya-Sin</a></li> <li>Family of Noah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(father_of_Noah)" title="Lamech (father of Noah)">Father Lamech</a></li> <li>Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos</li></ul></li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li>People of Abraham <ul><li>Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Ishmael's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah#In_Islam" title="Sarah">Isaac's mother</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Jesus <ul><li>Disciples (including <a href="/wiki/Peter_in_Islam" title="Peter in Islam">Peter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne#In_Islam" title="Saint Anne">Mary's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)#In_Islam" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Zechariah's wife</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Solomon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba#Islam" title="Bathsheba">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Islamic" title="Queen of Sheba">Queen of Sheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_ibn_Barkhiya" title="Asif ibn Barkhiya">Vizier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayd_ibn_Harithah" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayd ibn Harithah">Zayd</a> (Muhammad's adopted son)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of<br /> Joseph</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Brothers (including <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin in Islam">Binyāmin</a> (Benjamin) and <a href="/wiki/Simeon_(son_of_Jacob)" title="Simeon (son of Jacob)">Simeon</a>)</li> <li>Egyptians <ul><li><i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Potiphar" title="Potiphar">Potiphar</a>, Qatafir or Qittin)</li> <li><i>Malik</i> (King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd))</li> <li>Wife of <i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Zuleikha_(tradition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuleikha (tradition)">Zulaykhah</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel#In_Islam" title="Rachel">Mother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of <br />Aaron and Moses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Egyptians <ul><li>Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura)</li> <li><i>Imraʾat Firʿawn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya">Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim</a> the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh%27s_daughter_(Exodus)#In_Muslim_tradition" title="Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)">Wife of Pharaoh</a>, who adopted Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam#Confrontation_with_sorcerers" title="Moses in Islam">Magicians of the Pharaoh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khidr" title="Khidr">Wise, pious man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah" title="Zipporah">Moses' wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah" title="Leah">Moses' sister-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#The_Islamic_view_of_Jochebed" title="Jochebed">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam#Quranic_account" title="Miriam">Sister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evil ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam#Family" title="Abraham in Islam">Āzar</a> (possibly <a href="/wiki/Terah#Islamic_tradition" title="Terah">Terah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaohs_in_the_Bible" title="Pharaohs in the Bible">Firʿawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> of Moses' time)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haman_(Islam)" title="Haman (Islam)">Hāmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliath#Islam" title="Goliath">Jālūt</a> (Goliath)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korah#Quranic_reference" title="Korah">Qārūn</a> (Korah, cousin of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samiri_(Islamic_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samiri (Islamic figure)">As-Sāmirī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Lahab" class="mw-redirect" title="Abū Lahab">Abū Lahab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slayers_of_%E1%B9%A2%C4%81li%E1%B8%A5%27s_she-camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel (page does not exist)">Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel</a> (Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied or<br />not specified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraha" title="Abraha">Abraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaam#Balaam_in_the_Quran" title="Balaam">Bal'am/Balaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar%E1%B9%A3%C4%AB%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Barṣīṣā">Barṣīṣā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb#Quranic_account" title="Caleb">Caleb or Kaleb</a> the companion of Joshua</li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod" title="Nimrod">Nimrod</a></li> <li>Rahmah the wife of Ayyub</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Groups" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Groups</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Jannah</i> <ul><li>People of Paradise</li> <li>People of the Burnt Garden</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb as-Sabt</i> (Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Sabbath" title="Sabbath">Sabbath</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Jesus' apostles</a> <ul><li><i>Ḥawāriyyūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Disciples of Jesus</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Companions of Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm</i> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">Companions of the Cave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahab,_Jordan#Famous_places_in_Sahab" title="Sahab, Jordan">Al-Raqaim?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">Companions of the Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia#Al-Ukhd.C5.ABd_Archeological_Area" title="Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia">People of al-Ukhdūd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Ya-Sin" title="People of Ya-Sin">People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">People of Yathrib</a> or <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Lūṭ</i> (People of Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li>Nation of Noah</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tribes,_ethnicitiesor_families" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes,<br /> ethnicities<br />or families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>‘<a href="/wiki/Ajam" title="Ajam">Ajam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_(endonym)" title="Rum (endonym)"><i>Ar-Rūm</i></a> (literally 'The Romans')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Banī Isrāʾīl</a></i> (Children of Israel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah#Islamic" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Muʾtafikāt</a></i> (Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">People of Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">People of Ilyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">People of Nuh</a></li> <li>People of Shuaib <ul><li><i>Ahl Madyan</i> <a href="/wiki/Midian#In_the_Qur'an" title="Midian">People of Madyan</a>)</li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Aykah</i> ('Companions of the Wood')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Qawm <a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a></i> (People of Jonah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">People of Fir'aun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad)</a> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb Muḥammad</i> (<a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of Muhammad</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Anṣār</a> (literally 'Helpers')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a> (Emigrants from Mecca to Medina)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Jamil" title="Umm Jamil">Wife of Abu Lahab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Children of Ayyub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Sons of Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wives_aboard_Noah%27s_Ark" title="Wives aboard Noah's Ark">Wife of Nuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_wife" title="Lot's wife">Wife of Lut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog"><i>Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj</i></a> (Gog and Magog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Noah#Extrabiblical_sons_of_Noah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sons of Noah">Son of Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Aʿrāb</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Arabia" title="Tribes of Arabia">Arabs</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouins</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80d" title="ʿĀd">ʿĀd</a> (people of Hud)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Rass" title="Companions of the Rass">Companions of the Rass</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Tubbaʿ</i> (People of <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Saba_and_Himyar" title="List of rulers of Saba and Himyar">Tubba</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">People of Sabaʾ or Sheba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamud" title="Thamud">Thamūd</a> (people of Ṣāliḥ) <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr</i> ('Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Mada%27in_Saleh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mada'in Saleh">Stoneland</a>')</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Ahl al-Bayt</i><br /> ('People of the<br /> Household')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Household of Abraham <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob#Children_of_Jacob" title="Jacob">Brothers of Yūsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_daughters" title="Lot's daughters">Lot's daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">Progeny of Imran</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Moses</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Household of Muhammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Khadijah%27s_daughters" class="mw-redirect" title="Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters">Daughters of Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Muhammad's wives</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Salih</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implicitly<br />mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalek" title="Amalek">Amalek</a></li> <li><i>Ahl as-Suffa</i> (People of the Verandah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Nadir" title="Banu Nadir">Banu Nadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qaynuqa" title="Banu Qaynuqa">Banu Qaynuqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Khazraj" title="Banu Khazraj">Khazraj</a></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Ahl al-Dhimmah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">Kāfirūn</a></i> <ul><li>disbelievers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Majūs</i> <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrians</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Munafiq" title="Munafiq">Munāfiqūn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hypocrisy" title="Hypocrisy">Hypocrites</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> <ul><li>Believers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Ahl al-Kitāb</i> (<a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a>) <ul><li><i>Naṣārā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>(s) or People of the Injil) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Ruhban (Christian monks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest#Christianity" title="Priest">Qissis (Christian priest)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Yahūd</i> (<a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakham" title="Hakham">Ahbār (Jewish scholars)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbani/Rabbi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabians#Islamic_reference" title="Sabians">Sabians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia#Mecca" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Meccan polytheists</a> at the time of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian polytheists</a> at the time of Abraham and Lot</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Locations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Locations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah</a></i> ('The Holy Land') <ul><li>'Blessed' Land'</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jannah" title="Jannah">Jannah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paradise" title="Paradise">Paradise</a>, literally 'The Garden')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Huta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bab Huta">Door of Hittah</a></li> <li><i>Madyan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Midian" title="Midian">Midian</a>)</li> <li><i>Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn</i></li> <li><i>Miṣr</i> (Mainland <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li> <li>Salsabīl (A river in Paradise)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the<br /> <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> <br />(excluding Madyan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)#Historical_context" title="Hud (prophet)">Al-Aḥqāf</a></i> ('The Sandy Plains,' or 'the Wind-curved Sand-hills') <ul><li><i>Iram dhāt al-ʿImād</i> (<a href="/wiki/Iram_of_the_Pillars" title="Iram of the Pillars">Iram of the Pillars</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madīnah</a></i> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">Yathrib</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">ʿArafāt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah#The_Sacred_Monument" title="Muzdalifah">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hegra_(Mada%27in_Salih)" title="Hegra (Mada'in Salih)">Al-Ḥijr</a></i> (Hegra)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badr,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Badr, Saudi Arabia">Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunayn,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Hunayn, Saudi Arabia">Ḥunayn</a></li> <li><i>Makkah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakkah" title="Bakkah">Bakkah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haram_(site)" title="Haram (site)">Ḥaraman</a> Āminan</i> ('Sanctuary (which is) Secure')</li> <li><i>Kaʿbah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqām Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Station of Abraham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">Sabaʾ</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sheba" title="Sheba">Sheba</a>) <ul><li><i>ʿArim Sabaʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Marib_Dam" title="Marib Dam">Dam of Sheba</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar_Rass" title="Ar Rass">Rass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai Peninsula in Islam">Sinai Region</a><br /> or Tīh Desert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">Wād</a> Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan</i> (The Holy <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Tuwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley of Tuwa">Valley of Tuwa</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Wādil-Ayman</i> (The valley on the 'righthand' side of the Valley of Tuwa and <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mount_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Buq%E2%80%98ah_Al-Mub%C4%81rakah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Buq‘ah Al-Mubārakah">Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah</a></i> ('The Blessed Place')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai" title="Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tabor" title="Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Judi" title="Mount Judi">Al-Jūdiyy</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Munzal_Al-Mub%C4%81rak" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Munzal Al-Mubārak">Munzalanm-Mubārakan</a></i> ('Place-of-Landing Blessed')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Bābil</i> (<a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>)</li> <li><i>Qaryat Yūnus</i> ('Township of <a href="/wiki/Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah in Islam">Jonah</a>,' that is <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Bayʿa</a></i> (Church)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">Miḥrāb</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">Monastery</a></li> <li><i>Masjid</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a>, literally 'Place of <a href="/wiki/Sujud" title="Sujud">Prostration</a>') <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></i> ('The Sacred Grove')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a>, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Sacred Mosque</a> of Mecca)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_Masjid_al-Dirar" title="Demolition of Masjid al-Dirar">Masjid al-Dirar</a></li> <li>A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: <ul><li><i>Masjid Qubāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">The Prophet's Mosque</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">Salat (Synagogue)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antakya</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arabia <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Ḥijāz</a></i> (literally 'The Barrier') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone"><i>Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad</i></a> (Black Stone) & <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Hijr_of_Ishmael" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hijr of Ishmael">Al-Hijr of Isma'il</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Hira" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Hira">Cave of Hira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Thawr#Cave" title="Jabal Thawr"><i>Ghār ath-Thawr</i></a> (Cave of the Bull)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Hudaybiyyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayla (city)">Ayla</a></li> <li>Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Muqaddas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Muqaddas">Bayt al-Muqaddas</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">'Ariha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia_in_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia in the Quran">Bilād ar-Rāfidayn</a></i> (Mesopotamia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Location_of_the_cave_and_duration_of_stay" title="Seven Sleepers">Cave of Seven Sleepers</a></li> <li><i>Dār an-Nadwa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> River</li> <li>Palestine River</li> <li>Paradise of <a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Events,_incidents,_occasions_or_times" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events, incidents, occasions or times</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incident of Ifk</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_Power" title="Night of Power">Laylat al-Qadr</a></i> (Night of Decree)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_Mubahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Event of Mubahala">Event of Mubahala</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sayl_al-%27Arim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayl al-'Arim">Sayl al-ʿArim</a></i> (Flood of the Great Dam of <a href="/wiki/Ma%27rib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'rib">Ma'rib</a> in Sheba)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Pilgrimage" title="Farewell Pilgrimage">Farewell Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Treaty of Hudaybiyyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles or<br />military expeditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Trench" title="Battle of the Trench">Battle of <i>al-Aḥzāb</i></a> ('the Confederates')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">Battle of Hunayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khaybar" title="Battle of Khaybar">Battle of Khaybar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk" title="Expedition of Tabuk">Expedition of Tabuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca" title="Conquest of Mecca">Conquest of Mecca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jumu%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumu'ah">Jumuʿah</a></i> (The Friday)</li> <li><i>As-<a href="/wiki/Sabbath#Islam" title="Sabbath">Sabt</a></i> (The Sabbath or Saturday)</li> <li>Days of battles</li> <li>Days of Hajj</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Doomsday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Months of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>12 months: Four holy months <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah" title="Dhu al-Hijjah">Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām</a> (The Sacred or Forbidden Month)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramaḍān</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pilgrimages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Ḥajj</a></i> (literally 'The Pilgrimage', the Greater Pilgrimage)</li> <li><i>Al-ʿ<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a></i> (The Lesser Pilgrimage)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Times for prayer<br />or remembrance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Times for <i><a href="/wiki/Dua" title="Dua">Duʿāʾ</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">Invocation</a>'), <i><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Ṣalāh</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></i> ('Remembrance', including <i><a href="/wiki/Alhamdulillah" title="Alhamdulillah">Taḥmīd</a></i> ('Praising'), <i><a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">Takbīr</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">Tasbīḥ</a></i>): <ul><li><i>Al-ʿAshiyy</i> (The Afternoon or the Night)</li> <li><i>Al-Ghuduww</i> ('The Mornings') <ul><li><i>Al-Bukrah</i> ('The Morning')</li> <li><i>Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ</i> ('The Morning')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-Layl</i> ('The Night') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Isha_prayer" title="Isha prayer">ʿIshāʾ</a></i> ('The Late-Night')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aẓ-<a href="/wiki/Zuhr_prayer" title="Zuhr prayer">Ẓuhr</a></i> ('The Noon')</li> <li><i>Dulūk ash-Shams</i> ('Decline of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Masāʾ</a></i> ('The Evening')</li> <li><i>Qabl al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Ghurūb</a></i> ('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') <ul><li><i>Al-Aṣīl</i> ('The Afternoon')</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Asr_prayer" title="Asr prayer">ʿAṣr</a></i> ('The Afternoon')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i>Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams</i> ('Before the rising of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Fajr_prayer" title="Fajr prayer">Fajr</a></i> ('The Dawn')</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadir_Khumm" title="Ghadir Khumm">Ghadir Khumm</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Mabit" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Mabit">Laylat al-Mabit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pilgrimage" title="First Pilgrimage">First Pilgrimage</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Gospel_in_Islam" title="Gospel in Islam">Injīl</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> of Jesus)</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Qurʾān</a></i> (The Book of Muhammad)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Abraham" title="Scrolls of Abraham">Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Abraham)</li> <li><i>At-<a href="/wiki/Torah_in_Islam" title="Torah in Islam">Tawrāt</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Moses" title="Scrolls of Moses">Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablets_of_Stone" title="Tablets of Stone">Tablets of Stone</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Az-<a href="/wiki/Zabur" title="Zabur">Zabūr</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> of David)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Quran" title="Heavenly Quran">Umm al-Kitāb</a></i> ('Mother of the Book(s)')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects <br />of people<br />or beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_of_Moses" title="Staff of Moses">Staff of Musa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant#Quran" title="Ark of the Covenant">Tābūt as-Sakīnah</a></i> (Casket of Shekhinah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Qur'anic_account" title="Queen of Sheba">Throne of Bilqis</a></li> <li>Trumpet of Israfil</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mentioned_idols(cult_images)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned idols<br />(cult images)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>'Ansāb</li> <li><i>Jibt</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Taghut" title="Taghut">Ṭāghūt</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/False_god" title="False god">False god</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Israelites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baal#In_Islam" title="Baal">Baʿal</a></li> <li>The <i>ʿijl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Golden_calf" title="Golden calf">golden calf</a> statue) of Israelites</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Noah's people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasr_(deity)" title="Nasr (deity)">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa%27" title="Suwa'">Suwāʿ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadd" title="Wadd">Wadd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagh%C5%ABth" title="Yaghūth">Yaghūth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27uq" title="Ya'uq">Yaʿūq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Quraysh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Lat" title="Al-Lat">Al-Lāt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Uzza" title="Al-Uzza">Al-ʿUzzā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manat_(goddess)" title="Manat (goddess)">Manāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celestial<br /> bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>Maṣābīḥ</i> (literally 'lamps'): <ul><li><i>Al-Qamar</i> (The Moon)</li> <li><i>Kawākib</i> (Planets) <ul><li><i>Al-Arḍ</i> (The Earth)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Nujūm</i> (Stars) <ul><li><i>Ash-Shams</i> (The Sun)</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plant matter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i>Baṣal</i> (Onion)</li> <li><i>Fūm</i> (Garlic or wheat)</li> <li><i>Shaṭʾ</i> (Shoot)</li> <li><i>Sūq</i> (Plant stem)</li> <li><i>Zarʿ</i> (Seed)</li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAdas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a>)</li> <li><i>Baql</i> (Herb)</li> <li><i>Qith-thāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a>)</li> <li><i>Rummān</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>)</li> <li><i>Tīn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fig" title="Fig">Fig</a>)</li> <li><i>Zaytūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a>)</li> <li>In Paradise <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit#Islamic_tradition" title="Forbidden fruit">Forbidden fruit of Adam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bushes, trees<br />or plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Plants of Sheba <ul><li><i>Athl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tamarix" title="Tamarix">Tamarisk</a>)</li> <li><i>Sidr</i> (<a href="/wiki/Celtis_australis" title="Celtis australis">Lote-tree</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Līnah</i> (Tender <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Palm tree</a>)</li> <li><i>Nakhl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">Date palm</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrat_al-Muntaha" title="Sidrat al-Muntaha">Sidrat al-Muntahā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaqqum" title="Zaqqum">Zaqqūm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liquids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Māʾ</i> (Water or fluid) <ul><li><i>Nahr</i> (River)</li> <li><i>Yamm</i> (River or sea)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Sharāb</i> (Drink)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Note:</b> Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Template:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Template talk:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Judaism" title="Angels in Judaism">Angels in<br />Judaism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Lord" title="Angel of the Lord">Angel of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Presence" title="Angel of the Presence">Angel of the Presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroying_angel_(Bible)" title="Destroying angel (Bible)">Destroying Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Azrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arariel" title="Arariel">Arariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiel" title="Cassiel">Cassiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobiel" title="Dobiel">Dobiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisheth" title="Eisheth">Eisheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadraniel" title="Hadraniel">Hadraniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haniel" title="Haniel">Haniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Lailah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastema" title="Mastema">Mastema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuriel" title="Nuriel">Nuriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raziel" title="Raziel">Raziel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samael" title="Samael">Samael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaphkiel" title="Zaphkiel">Tzaphqiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoel" title="Yahoel">Yahoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_creatures_(Bible)" title="Living creatures (Bible)">Chayot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashmal" title="Hashmal">Hashmallim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishim_(angel)" title="Ishim (angel)">Ishim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_God" title="Sons of God">Sons of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_angel" title="Recording angel">Recording angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angels in<br />Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Abaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sariel" title="Sariel">Sariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raguel_(angel)" title="Raguel (angel)">Raguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramiel" title="Ramiel">Ramiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selaphiel" title="Selaphiel">Selaphiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barachiel" title="Barachiel">Barachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jegudiel" title="Jegudiel">Jegudiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_Portugal" title="Angel of Portugal">Guardian Angel of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanuel_(angel)" title="Phanuel (angel)">Phanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aker_(angel)" title="Aker (angel)">Aker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabuthelon" title="Gabuthelon">Gabuthelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arphugitonos" title="Arphugitonos">Arphugitonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beburos" title="Beburos">Beburos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebuleon" title="Zebuleon">Zebuleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(angel)" title="Daniel (angel)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerubiel" title="Kerubiel">Kerubiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokabiel" title="Kokabiel">Kokabiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Leliel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_(angel)" title="Muriel (angel)">Muriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahaliah" title="Pahaliah">Pahaliah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraphiel" title="Seraphiel">Seraphiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsiel" title="Shamsiel">Shamsiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chazaqiel" title="Chazaqiel">Chazaqiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a>/<a href="/wiki/Throne_(angel)" title="Throne (angel)">Thrones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(angel)" title="Dominion (angel)">Dominions</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Lordships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Powers</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Authorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Principalities</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watchers</a>/<a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels in <br />Islam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Mikha'il</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jibra'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Azra'il</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">ar-Rūḥ</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazil" title="Azazil">ʿAzāzīl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiya%27il" title="Artiya'il">Artiya'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darda%27il" title="Darda'il">Darda'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalqa%27il" title="Kalqa'il">Kalqa'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futrus" title="Futrus">Futrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_(angel)" title="Habib (angel)">Ḥabīb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ri%E1%B8%8Dwan" title="Riḍwan">Riḍwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Mu'qarrabun</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaniyah" title="Zabaniyah">Angels of Hell</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mu%27aqqibat" title="Mu'aqqibat">Hafaza</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiraman_Katibin" title="Kiraman Katibin">Recording angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81zi%27%C4%81t_and_N%C4%81shi%E1%B9%AD%C4%81t" title="Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt">Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Uthra" title="Uthra">Uthras (angels) in <br />Mandaeism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yushamin" title="Yushamin">Yushamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abatur" title="Abatur">Abatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptahil" title="Ptahil">Ptahil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibil" title="Hibil">Hibil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitil" title="Shitil">Shitil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)" title="Anush (Mandaeism)">Anush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Ziwa" title="Sam Ziwa">Sam Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi" title="Manda d-Hayyi">Manda d-Hayyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilmai" title="Shilmai">Shilmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nidbai" title="Nidbai">Nidbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adathan_and_Yadathan" title="Adathan and Yadathan">Adathan and Yadathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin" title="Yufin-Yufafin">Yufin-Yufafin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urfeil_and_Marfeil" title="Urfeil and Marfeil">Urfeil and Marfeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarwan" title="Tarwan">Tar and Tarwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihram" title="Bihram">Bihram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zihrun" title="Zihrun">Zihrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa" title="Etinsib Ziwa">Etinsib Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nbat" title="Nbat">Nbat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsab" title="Nsab">Nsab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gubran" title="Gubran">Gubran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihlun" title="Shihlun">Shihlun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurba" title="Yurba">Yurba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukabar" title="Yukabar">Yukabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukashar" title="Yukashar">Yukashar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa" title="Yawar Ziwa">Yawar Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simat_Hayyi" title="Simat Hayyi">Simat Hayyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saureil" title="Saureil">Saureil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uthra" title="Uthra">Niṭufta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupna" class="mw-redirect" title="Gupna">Gupna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)" title="Ziwa (Aramaic)">Ziwa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Moroni" title="Angel Moroni">Angel Moroni</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_angels" title="Hierarchy of angels">Hierarchy of angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_host" title="Heavenly host">Heavenly host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Archangels" title="Seven Archangels">Seven Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Angels%27_Messages" title="Three Angels' Messages">Three Angels' Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">Fallen angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_Ars_Paulina" title="List of angels in Ars Paulina">List of angels in Ars Paulina</a></li> <li>Ambiguous <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalkydri" title="Chalkydri">Chalkydri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elioud" title="Elioud">Elioud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephilim" title="Nephilim">Nephilim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teraphim" title="Teraphim">Teraphim</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_art" title="Angels in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_fiction" title="List of angels in fiction">List of angels in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_angels" title="List of films about angels">List of films about angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saints_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_saints" title="Template:Catholic saints"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_saints" title="Template talk:Catholic saints"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_saints" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic saints"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saints_of_the_Catholic_Church" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Saints of the Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</a><br />Stages of <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonization</a>: <a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God#Catholic_Church" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/The_Venerable#Christianity" title="The Venerable">Venerable</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Blessed</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Virgin Mary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God (Theotokos)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph (husband)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_the_Apostle" title="Bartholomew the Apostle">Bartholomew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_son_of_Alphaeus" title="James, son of Alphaeus">James of Alphaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude_the_Apostle" title="Jude the Apostle">Jude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_the_Apostle" title="Matthias the Apostle">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Zealot" title="Simon the Zealot">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>  <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Saint Michael in the Catholic Church">in the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Kiev" title="Anthony of Kiev">Anthony of Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariton_the_Confessor" title="Chariton the Confessor">Chariton the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Dominic" title="Saint Dominic">Dominic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Borgia" title="Francis Borgia">Francis Borgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Homobonus" title="Saint Homobonus">Homobonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Zographos" title="Lazarus Zographos">Lazarus Zographos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bertrand_(saint)" title="Louis Bertrand (saint)">Louis Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Synnada" title="Michael of Synnada">Michael of Synnada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paphnutius_of_Thebes" title="Paphnutius of Thebes">Paphnutius the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Constantinople" title="Paul I of Constantinople">Paul I of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Claver" title="Peter Claver">Peter Claver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salonius" title="Salonius">Salonius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Radonezh" title="Sergius of Radonezh">Sergius of Radonezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_the_Confessor" title="Theophanes the Confessor">Theophanes the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padre_Pio" title="Padre Pio">Pio of Pietrelcina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary of Bethany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla and Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silvanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctors of the Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede" title="Bede">Bede the Venerable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chrysologus" title="Peter Chrysologus">Peter Chrysologus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Leo the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Damian" title="Peter Damian">Peter Damian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux">Bernard of Clairvaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsus_Liguori" title="Alphonsus Liguori">Alphonsus Liguori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Sales" title="Francis de Sales">Francis de Sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Canisius" title="Peter Canisius">Peter Canisius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_the_Cross" title="John of the Cross">John of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Robert Bellarmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albertus Magnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Padua" title="Anthony of Padua">Anthony of Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Brindisi" title="Lawrence of Brindisi">Lawrence of Brindisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Teresa of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine of Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_of_Lisieux" title="Thérèse of Lisieux">Thérèse of Lisieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_%C3%81vila" title="John of Ávila">John of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen" title="Hildegard of Bingen">Hildegard of Bingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church<br />Fathers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander I of Alexandria">Alexander of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Jerusalem" title="Alexander of Jerusalem">Alexander of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarius_of_Arles" title="Caesarius of Arles">Caesarius of Arles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caius_(presbyter)" title="Caius (presbyter)">Caius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_Fathers" title="Cappadocian Fathers">Cappadocian Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian of Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Damasus_I" title="Pope Damasus I">Damasus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Fathers" title="Desert Fathers">Desert Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Mothers" title="Desert Mothers">Desert Mothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Corinth" title="Dionysius of Corinth">Dionysius of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius" title="Pope Dionysius">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamis" title="Epiphanius of Salamis">Epiphanius of Salamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgentius_of_Ruspe" title="Fulgentius of Ruspe">Fulgentius of Ruspe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Rome" title="Hippolytus of Rome">Hippolytus of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus of Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome of Stridonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melito_of_Sardis" title="Melito of Sardis">Melito of Sardis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadratus_of_Athens" title="Quadratus of Athens">Quadratus of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papias_of_Hierapolis" title="Papias of Hierapolis">Papias of Hierapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chrysologus" title="Peter Chrysologus">Peter Chrysologus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp of Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_of_Antioch" title="Theophilus of Antioch">Theophilus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorinus_of_Pettau" title="Victorinus of Pettau">Victorinus of Pettau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_L%C3%A9rins" title="Vincent of Lérins">Vincent of Lérins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zephyrinus" title="Pope Zephyrinus">Zephyrinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">Martyrs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abda_and_Abdisho" title="Abda and Abdisho">Abda and Abdisho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_and_Gleb" title="Boris and Gleb">Boris and Gleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Foucauld" title="Charles de Foucauld">Charles de Foucauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Martyrs" title="Canadian Martyrs">Canadian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Martyrs" title="Carthusian Martyrs">Carthusian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_Martyrs_of_Tlaxcala" title="Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala">Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Persia" title="Christina of Persia">Christina of Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devasahayam_Pillai" title="Devasahayam Pillai">Devasahayam Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitent_thief" title="Penitent thief">Dismas the Good Thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Martyrs_of_England_and_Wales" title="Forty Martyrs of England and Wales">Forty Martyrs of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Crowned_Martyrs" title="Four Crowned Martyrs">Four Crowned Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_of_Csan%C3%A1d" title="Gerard of Csanád">Gerard of Csanád</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_martyr" title="Great martyr">Great Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">The Holy Innocents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholic_Martyrs" title="Irish Catholic Martyrs">Irish Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fisher" title="John Fisher">John Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Martyrs" title="Korean Martyrs">Korean Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Ruiz" title="Lorenzo Ruiz">Lorenzo Ruiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck_martyrs" title="Lübeck martyrs">Martyrs of Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Versiglia" title="Luigi Versiglia">Luigi Versiglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrology" title="Martyrology">Martyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Albania" title="Martyrs of Albania">Martyrs of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_martyrs_of_Algeria" title="19 martyrs of Algeria">Martyrs of Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Cajonos" title="Martyrs of Cajonos">Martyrs of Cajonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_Martyrs_of_Drina" title="Blessed Martyrs of Drina">Martyrs of Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr_Saints_of_China" title="Martyr Saints of China">Martyrs of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Gorkum" title="Martyrs of Gorkum">Martyrs of Gorkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Japan" title="Martyrs of Japan">Martyrs of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_kidnapping_and_beheading_of_Copts_in_Libya" title="2015 kidnapping and beheading of Copts in Libya">21 Martyrs of Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_La_Rioja" title="Martyrs of La Rioja">Martyrs of La Rioja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Damascus" title="Martyrs of Damascus">Martyrs of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Laos" title="Martyrs of Laos">Martyrs of Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Natal" title="Martyrs of Natal">Martyrs of Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Otranto" title="Martyrs of Otranto">Martyrs of Otranto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Prague" title="Martyrs of Prague">Martyrs of Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadok_and_48_Dominican_martyrs_from_Sandomierz" title="Sadok and 48 Dominican martyrs from Sandomierz">Martyrs of Sandomierz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_the_Spanish_Civil_War" title="Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War">Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Zenta" title="Martyrs of Zenta">Martyrs of Zenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Kolbe" title="Maximilian Kolbe">Maximilian Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero">Óscar Romero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Calungsod" title="Pedro Calungsod">Pedro Calungsod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetua_and_Felicity" title="Perpetua and Felicity">Perpetua and Felicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chanel" title="Peter Chanel">Peter Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parenzo" title="Pietro Parenzo">Pietro Parenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomena" title="Philomena">Philomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_of_the_Cristero_War" title="Saints of the Cristero War">Saints of the Cristero War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Teresa Benedicta of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Brandsma" title="Titus Brandsma">Titus Brandsma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomasian_Martyrs" title="Thomasian Martyrs">17 Thomasian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Thomas Becket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Martyrs_of_Chimbote" title="Three Martyrs of Chimbote">Three Martyrs of Chimbote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulma_family" title="Ulma family">Ulma Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs" title="Uganda Martyrs">Uganda Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Martyrs" title="Vietnamese Martyrs">Vietnamese Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Valentine" title="Saint Valentine">Valentine of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_and_Corona" title="Victor and Corona">Victor and Corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanitas_and_Lazarus_of_Persia" title="Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia">Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_missions" title="Catholic missions">Missionaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Boniface" title="Saint Boniface">Boniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Damien" title="Father Damien">Damien of Molokai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evermode_of_Ratzeburg" title="Evermode of Ratzeburg">Evermode of Ratzeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Xavier" title="Francis Xavier">Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Laval" title="François de Laval">François de Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nino" title="Saint Nino">Nino of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick" title="Saint Patrick">Patrick of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Remigius" title="Saint Remigius">Remigius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel" title="Cain and Abel">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_(Genesis)" title="Joseph (Genesis)">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph (father of Jesus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matriarchs_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matriarchs (Bible)">Matriarchs</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Popes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adeodatus_I" title="Pope Adeodatus I">Adeodatus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adeodatus_II" title="Pope Adeodatus II">Adeodatus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_III" title="Pope Adrian III">Adrian III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agapetus_I" title="Pope Agapetus I">Agapetus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agatho" title="Pope Agatho">Agatho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I" title="Pope Alexander I">Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anacletus" title="Pope Anacletus">Anacletus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anastasius_I" title="Pope Anastasius I">Anastasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anicetus" title="Pope Anicetus">Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anterus" title="Pope Anterus">Anterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_II" title="Pope Benedict II">Benedict II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_I" title="Pope Boniface I">Boniface I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_IV" title="Pope Boniface IV">Boniface IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Caius" title="Pope Caius">Caius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_I" title="Pope Callixtus I">Callixtus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_I" title="Pope Celestine I">Celestine I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_V" title="Pope Celestine V">Celestine V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cornelius" title="Pope Cornelius">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Damasus_I" title="Pope Damasus I">Damasus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius" title="Pope Dionysius">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eleutherius" title="Pope Eleutherius">Eleuterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_I" title="Pope Eugene I">Eugene I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eusebius" title="Pope Eusebius">Eusebius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eutychian" title="Pope Eutychian">Eutychian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Evaristus" title="Pope Evaristus">Evaristus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Fabian" title="Pope Fabian">Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_I" title="Pope Felix I">Felix I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_III" title="Pope Felix III">Felix III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_IV" title="Pope Felix IV">Felix IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gelasius_I" title="Pope Gelasius I">Gelasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_II" title="Pope Gregory II">Gregory II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_III" title="Pope Gregory III">Gregory III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Gregory VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hilarius" title="Pope Hilarius">Hilarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hormisdas" title="Pope Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hyginus" title="Pope Hyginus">Hyginus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_I" title="Pope Innocent I">Innocent I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_I" title="Pope John I">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">John XXIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Julius_I" title="Pope Julius I">Julius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Leo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_II" title="Pope Leo II">Leo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_III" title="Pope Leo III">Leo III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_IV" title="Pope Leo IV">Leo IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_IX" title="Pope Leo IX">Leo IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Linus" title="Pope Linus">Linus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Lucius_I" title="Pope Lucius I">Lucius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Marcellinus" title="Pope Marcellinus">Marcellinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Marcellus_I" title="Pope Marcellus I">Marcellus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Mark" title="Pope Mark">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Martin_I" title="Pope Martin I">Martin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Miltiades" title="Pope Miltiades">Miltiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_I" title="Pope Nicholas I">Nicholas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paschal_I" title="Pope Paschal I">Paschal I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_I" title="Pope Paul I">Paul I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_I" title="Pope Pius I">Pius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_V" title="Pope Pius V">Pius V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pius X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pontian" title="Pope Pontian">Pontian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sergius_I" title="Pope Sergius I">Sergius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Silverius" title="Pope Silverius">Silverius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Simplicius" title="Pope Simplicius">Simplicius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Siricius" title="Pope Siricius">Siricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_I" title="Pope Sixtus I">Sixtus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_II" title="Pope Sixtus II">Sixtus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_III" title="Pope Sixtus III">Sixtus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Soter" title="Pope Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_I" title="Pope Stephen I">Stephen I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_IV" title="Pope Stephen IV">Stephen IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sylvester_I" title="Pope Sylvester I">Sylvester I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Symmachus" title="Pope Symmachus">Symmachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Telesphorus" title="Pope Telesphorus">Telesphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_I" title="Pope Urban I">Urban I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Victor_I" title="Pope Victor I">Victor I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Vitalian" title="Pope Vitalian">Vitalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zachary" title="Pope Zachary">Zachary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zephyrinus" title="Pope Zephyrinus">Zephyrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zosimus" title="Pope Zosimus">Zosimus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agabus" title="Agabus">Agabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_(prophet)" title="Amos (prophet)">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_the_Prophetess" title="Anna the Prophetess">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_ben_Neriah" title="Baruch ben Neriah">Baruch ben Neriah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habakkuk" title="Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haggai" title="Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosea" title="Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_(prophet)" title="Joel (prophet)">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Barsabbas" title="Judas Barsabbas">Judas Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchizedek" title="Melchizedek">Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micah_(prophet)" title="Micah (prophet)">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum" title="Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah" title="Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_with_seven_sons" title="Woman with seven sons">Seven Maccabees and their mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_(Gospel_of_Luke)" title="Simeon (Gospel of Luke)">Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(Hebrew_prophet)" title="Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)">Zechariah (prophet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah (NT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virgin_(title)" title="Virgin (title)">Virgins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agatha_of_Sicily" title="Agatha of Sicily">Agatha of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Rome" title="Agnes of Rome">Agnes of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_of_the_Cross" title="Angela of the Cross">Angela of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelthryth" title="Æthelthryth">Æthelthryth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Soubirous" title="Bernadette Soubirous">Bernadette Soubirous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Bologna" title="Catherine of Bologna">Catherine of Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigid_of_Kildare" title="Brigid of Kildare">Brigid of Kildare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Labour%C3%A9" title="Catherine Labouré">Catherine Labouré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine of Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Cecilia" title="Saint Cecilia">Cecilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_of_Assisi" title="Clare of Assisi">Clare of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulalia_of_M%C3%A9rida" title="Eulalia of Mérida">Eulalia of Mérida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemia" title="Euphemia">Euphemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faustina_Kowalska" title="Faustina Kowalska">Faustina Kowalska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faustina_and_Liberata_of_Como" title="Faustina and Liberata of Como">Faustina and Liberata of Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve" title="Genevieve">Genevieve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiltrude_of_Liessies" title="Hiltrude of Liessies">Hiltrude of Liessies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateri_Tekakwitha" title="Kateri Tekakwitha">Kateri Tekakwitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucy" title="Saint Lucy">Lucy of Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goretti" title="Maria Goretti">Maria Goretti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Maravillas_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="María de las Maravillas de Jesús">María de las Maravillas de Jesús</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcisa_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="Narcisa de Jesús">Narcisa de Jesús</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_of_Naples" title="Patricia of Naples">Patricia of Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Rosalia" title="Saint Rosalia">Rosalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_Lima" title="Rose of Lima">Rose of Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_the_Andes" title="Teresa of the Andes">Teresa of the Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Teresa of Calcutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trasilla_and_Emiliana" title="Trasilla and Emiliana">Trasilla and Emiliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaldesca_Taccini" title="Ubaldesca Taccini">Ubaldesca Taccini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Bakhita" title="Josephine Bakhita">Josephine Bakhita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Holy_Marshals" title="Four Holy Marshals">Four Holy Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Holy_Helpers" title="Fourteen Holy Helpers">Fourteen Holy Helpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr_of_charity" title="Martyr of charity">Martyr of charity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_saint" title="Military saint">Military saints</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athleta_Christi" title="Athleta Christi">Athleta Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Christianus" title="Miles Christianus">Miles Christianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Church Militant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Champions_of_Christendom" title="Seven Champions of Christendom">Seven Champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtuous_pagan" title="Virtuous pagan">Virtuous pagan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/16px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/24px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/32px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saints_in_the_Coptic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coptic_saints" title="Template:Coptic saints"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coptic_saints" title="Template talk:Coptic saints"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coptic_saints" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coptic saints"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saints_in_the_Coptic_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Coptic_saints" title="List of Coptic saints">Saints in the Coptic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_(Genesis)" title="Joseph (Genesis)">Joseph</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coptic_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coptic cross"><img alt="Coptic cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/100px-Coptic_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/150px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/200px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="606" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosea" title="Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_(prophet)" title="Amos (prophet)">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micah_(prophet)" title="Micah (prophet)">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_(prophet)" title="Joel (prophet)">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah" title="Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum" title="Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habakkuk" title="Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haggai" title="Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(Hebrew_prophet)" title="Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)">Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_ben_Neriah" title="Baruch ben Neriah">Baruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, Our Lady of</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Assiut" title="Our Lady of Assiut">Assiut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Warraq" title="Our Lady of Warraq">Warraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Zeitoun" title="Our Lady of Zeitoun">Zeitoun</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seven_Archangels" title="Seven Archangels">Seven Archangels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sariel" title="Sariel">Suriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zedekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananiel" title="Ananiel">Ananiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_the_Apostle" title="Bartholomew the Apostle">Bartholomew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_son_of_Alphaeus" title="James, son of Alphaeus">James, son of Alphaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James, son of Zebedee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude_the_Apostle" title="Jude the Apostle">Jude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Matthias" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Matthias">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Zealot" title="Simon the Zealot">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(biblical_figure)" title="Phoebe (biblical figure)">Phoebe the Deaconess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_(biblical_figure)" title="Philemon (biblical figure)">Philemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla and Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silvanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyrs" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian martyrs">Martyrs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_kidnapping_and_beheading_of_Copts_in_Libya" title="2015 kidnapping and beheading of Copts in Libya">21 Martyrs of Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C4%81m%C5%ABn_of_Tarn%C5%ABt" title="Abāmūn of Tarnūt">Abāmūn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C4%81m%C5%ABn_of_Tukh" title="Abāmūn of Tukh">Abāmūn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abanoub" title="Abanoub">Abanoub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaskhiron_the_Soldier" title="Abaskhiron the Soldier">Abaskhiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Alexandria_bombing" title="2011 Alexandria bombing">Alexandrian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Arianus" title="Saint Arianus">Arianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Apollonia" title="Saint Apollonia">Apollonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barbara" title="Saint Barbara">Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashnouna" title="Bashnouna">Bashnouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilides_and_Potamiana" title="Basilides and Potamiana">Basilides and Potamiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Alexandria" title="Catherine of Alexandria">Catherine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthus_and_Daria" title="Chrysanthus and Daria">Chrysanthus and Daria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiaffredo" title="Chiaffredo">Chiaffredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Colluthus" title="Saint Colluthus">Colluthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmas_and_Damian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmas and Damian">Cosmas and Damian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_and_Justina" title="Cyprian and Justina">Cyprian and Justina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_and_John" title="Cyrus and John">Cyrus and John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasya" title="Dasya">Dasya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demiana" title="Demiana">Demiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_of_Alexandria" title="Dorothea of Alexandria">Dorothea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_and_companions" title="Elias and companions">Elias and companions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimachus_of_Pelusium" title="Epimachus of Pelusium">Epimachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faustus,_Abibus_and_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius of Alexandria">Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_and_Regula" title="Felix and Regula">Felix and Regula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Abdel_El-Metgaly" title="Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly">Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Gallicanus" title="Saint Gallicanus">Gallicanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anba_George" title="Anba George">George Bishop of Assiut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_El_Mozahem" title="George El Mozahem">George El Mozahem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereon" title="Gereon">Gereon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor,_Besoy,_and_Daydara" title="Hor, Besoy, and Daydara">Hor, Besoy, and Daydara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Imbaba_church_attacks" title="2011 Imbaba church attacks">Imbaba Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_of_Dafra" title="Isaac of Dafra">Isaac of Dafra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Senhout" title="John of Senhout">John of Senhout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosheh_massacres" title="Kosheh massacres">Kosheh martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Malati" title="Master Malati">Malati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_the_Virgin" title="Margaret the Virgin">Marina the Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maspero_demonstrations" title="Maspero demonstrations">Maspero Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Maurice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Memnon" title="Saint Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Menas" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Menas">Menas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohrael" title="Mohrael">Mohrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Moura" title="Saint Moura">Moura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag_Hammadi_massacre" title="Nag Hammadi massacre">Nag Hammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otimus" title="Otimus">Otimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomena" title="Philomena">Philomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Philotheos" title="Saint Philotheos">Philotheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Rais" title="Saint Rais">Rais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_the_Martyr" title="Sarah the Martyr">Sarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidhom_Bishay" title="Sidhom Bishay">Sidhom Bishay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theban_Legion" title="Theban Legion">Theban Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thecla" title="Thecla">Thecla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Theoclia" title="Saint Theoclia">Theoclia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_and_Didymus" title="Theodora and Didymus">Theodora and Didymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Stratelates" title="Theodore Stratelates">Theodore Stratelates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Varus" title="Saint Varus">Varus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Febronia_of_Syria" title="Febronia of Syria">Veronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadamoun" title="Wadamoun">Wadamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanas" title="Wanas">Wanas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria">Popes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Mark I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anianus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Anianus of Alexandria">Anianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Avilius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Avilius of Alexandria">Avilius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Kedron_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Kedron of Alexandria">Kedron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Justus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Justus of Alexandria">Justus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eumenes_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Eumenes of Alexandria">Eumenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Markianos_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Markianos of Alexandria">Markianos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Celadion_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Celadion of Alexandria">Celadion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agrippinus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Agrippinus of Alexandria">Agrippinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Julian_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Julian of Alexandria">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Demetrius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Demetrius I of Alexandria">Demetrius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Heraclas_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Heraclas of Alexandria">Heraclas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Theonas_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theonas of Alexandria">Theonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_I" title="Pope Felix I">Felix of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Peter_I_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter I of Alexandria">Peter I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander I of Alexandria">Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Peter_II_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter II of Alexandria">Peter II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Timothy_I_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Timothy I of Alexandria">Timothy I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Theophilus I of Alexandria">Theophilus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Timothy_II_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Timothy II of Alexandria">Timothy II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Peter_III_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter III of Alexandria">Peter III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus II of Alexandria">Dioscorus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_IV_of_Alexandria" title="Timothy IV of Alexandria">Timothy III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Theodosius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria">Theodosius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Peter_IV_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Peter IV of Alexandria">Peter IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Damian_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Damian of Alexandria">Damian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anastasius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Anastasius of Alexandria">Anastasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Andronicus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Andronicus of Alexandria">Andronicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benjamin_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria">Benjamin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agatho_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Agatho of Alexandria">Agathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Simeon_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Simeon I of Alexandria">Simeon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander II of Alexandria">Alexander II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Theodoros_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodoros I of Alexandria">Theodore I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Michael_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael I of Alexandria">Michael I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_IV_of_Alexandria" title="Pope John IV of Alexandria">John IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Mark_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Mark II of Alexandria">Mark II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Jacob_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Jacob of Alexandria">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Simeon_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Simeon II of Alexandria">Simeon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Joseph_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Joseph I of Alexandria">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Michael_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael II of Alexandria">Michael II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cosmas_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cosmas II of Alexandria">Cosmas II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Michael_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael III of Alexandria">Michael III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gabriel_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Gabriel I of Alexandria">Gabriel I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cosmas_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cosmas III of Alexandria">Cosmas III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Abraham_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Abraham of Alexandria">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zacharias_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Zacharias of Alexandria">Zacharias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cyril_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril II of Alexandria">Cyril II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Macarius_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Macarius II of Alexandria">Macarius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Matthew_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Matthew I of Alexandria">Matthew I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gabriel_VII_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Gabriel VII of Alexandria">Gabriel VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XIV_of_Alexandria" title="Pope John XIV of Alexandria">John XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cyril_V_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril V of Alexandria">Cyril V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Macarius_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Macarius III of Alexandria">Macarius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cyril_VI_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria">Cyril VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abadiu_of_Antinoe" title="Abadiu of Antinoe">Abadiu of Antinoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraam,_Bishop_of_Faiyum" title="Abraam, Bishop of Faiyum">Abraam of Faiyum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Jerusalem" title="Alexander of Jerusalem">Alexander of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Amun" title="Saint Amun">Amun of Scetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamis" title="Epiphanius of Salamis">Epiphanius of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Thaumaturgus" title="Gregory Thaumaturgus">Gregory of Neocaesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_of_Nisibis" title="Jacob of Nisibis">Jacob of Nisibis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_brother_of_Jesus" title="James, brother of Jesus">James of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Niki%C3%BB" title="John of Nikiû">John of Nikiû</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II,_Bishop_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="John II, Bishop of Jerusalem"> John of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Karas" title="Bishop Karas">Karas of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Mikhail_of_Asyut" title="Metropolitan Mikhail of Asyut">Mikhaeil of Asyut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_of_Jerusalem" title="Narcissus of Jerusalem">Narcissus of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Nicholas of Myra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paphnutius_the_Bishop" title="Paphnutius the Bishop">Paphnutius of Scetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paphnutius_of_Thebes" title="Paphnutius of Thebes">Paphnutius of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp of Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Porphyrius" title="Saint Porphyrius">Porphyrius of Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psote" title="Psote">Psote of Ebsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary_of_Serapion_of_Thmuis" title="Sacramentary of Serapion of Thmuis">Serapion of Thmuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severian_of_Gabala" title="Severian of Gabala">Severian of Gabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yousab_El_Abah" title="Yousab El Abah">Yousab el-Abah of Girga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Messih_El-Makari" title="Abdel Messih El-Makari">Abdel Messih El-Makari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abib_and_Apollo" title="Abib and Apollo">Abib and Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_of_Farshut" title="Abraham of Farshut">Abraham of Farshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_of_Scetis" title="Abraham of Scetis">Abraham of Scetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Amun" title="Saint Amun">Amun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_the_Great" title="Anthony the Great">Anthony the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Awgin" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Awgin">Awgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashnouna" title="Bashnouna">Bashnouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilarion" title="Hilarion">Hilarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsiesius" title="Horsiesius">Horsiesius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospitius" title="Hospitius">Hospitius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Irini" title="Mother Irini">Mother Irini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_of_Nineveh" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac of Nineveh">Isaac of Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Pelusium" title="Isidore of Pelusium">Isidore of Pelusium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Climacus" title="John Climacus">John Climacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Dwarf" title="John the Dwarf">John the Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macarius_of_Alexandria" title="Macarius of Alexandria">Macarius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macarius_of_Egypt" title="Macarius of Egypt">Macarius of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_the_Monk" title="Marina the Monk">Marina the Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_the_Black" title="Moses the Black">Moses the Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_of_Sinai" title="Nilus of Sinai">Nilus of Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachomius_the_Great" title="Pachomius the Great">Pachomius the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pambo" title="Pambo">Pambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsoma" title="Parsoma">Parsoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patapios_of_Thebes" class="mw-redirect" title="Patapios of Thebes">Patapios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Thebes" title="Paul of Thebes">Paul of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tammah" title="Paul of Tammah">Paul of Tammah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Simple" title="Paul the Simple">Paul the Simple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronius_of_Egypt" title="Petronius of Egypt">Petronius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pishoy" title="Pishoy">Pishoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poemen" title="Poemen">Poemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_the_Confessor" title="Samuel the Confessor">Samuel the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisoes_the_Great" title="Sisoes the Great">Sisoes the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_of_Tabennese" title="Theodorus of Tabennese">Theodorus of Tabennese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_of_Alexandria" title="Theodora of Alexandria">Theodora of Alexandria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anchorite" title="Anchorite">Anchorites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Karas" title="Saint Karas">Karas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Egypt" title="Mary of Egypt">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misael_the_Anchorite" title="Misael the Anchorite">Misael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onuphrius" title="Onuphrius">Onuphrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paphnutius_the_Ascetic" title="Paphnutius the Ascetic">Paphnutius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Thebes" title="Paul of Thebes">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pijimi" title="Pijimi">Pijimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenoute" title="Shenoute">Shenouda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Hermit" title="Thomas the Hermit">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zosimas_of_Palestine" title="Zosimas of Palestine">Zosimas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Other saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_of_Alexandria" title="Ambrose of Alexandria">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didymus_the_Blind" title="Didymus the Blind">Didymus the Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne_of_Alexandria" title="Euphrosyne of Alexandria">Euphrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_Girgis" title="Habib Girgis">Habib Girgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Candidus" title="Saint Candidus">Candidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Tanner" title="Simon the Tanner">Simon the Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prayer_of_Azariah_and_Song_of_the_Three_Holy_Children" class="mw-redirect" title="The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children">Three Holy Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_Maximus_and_Domatius" title="Saints Maximus and Domatius">Maximus and Domatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verena" class="mw-redirect" title="Verena">Verena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/16px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81989#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81989#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81989#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000392424312">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/286452690">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/936963/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119372207">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2014010191">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gabriel (archanděl)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph737502&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p33937358X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810693792805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987008896586505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119372207.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119372207">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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