Changes in Student Definition of De-Escalation in Professional Peace Officer Education

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De-Escalation in Professional Peace Officer Education</title> <meta name="description" content="Changes in Student Definition of De-Escalation in Professional Peace Officer Education"> <meta name="keywords" content="Criminal justice education, de-escalation, law enforcement, peace officer communications."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Changes in Student Definition of De-Escalation in Professional Peace Officer Education"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Pat Nelson"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2019/04/04"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Law and Political Sciences"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="13"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="5"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="743"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="748"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" 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policing report in the United States, the techniques of de-escalation have received a lot of attention and focus in political systems, policy changes, and the media. The challenge in professional peace officer education is that there is a vast range of defining de-escalation and understanding the various techniques involved, many of which are based on popular media. This research surveyed professional peace officer education university students on their definition of de-escalation and the techniques associated with de-escalation before specific communications coursework was completed. The students were then surveyed after the communication coursework was completed to determine the changes in defining and understanding de-escalation techniques. This research has found that clearly defining de-escalation and emphasizing the broad range of techniques available enhances the students’ understanding and application of proper de-escalation. This research demonstrates the need for professional peace officer education to move students from media concepts of law enforcement to theoretical concepts.</p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10010428.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Criminal%20justice%20education" title="Criminal justice education">Criminal justice education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=de-escalation" title=" de-escalation"> de-escalation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=law%20enforcement" title=" law enforcement"> law enforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=peace%20officer%20communications." title=" peace officer communications."> peace officer communications.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3298908" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3298908</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/changes-in-student-definition-of-de-escalation-in-professional-peace-officer-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">891</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing. Final report of the president’s task force on 21st century policing. Washington, DC: Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2015. <br>[2] W. Pizio, Police Officers’ Encounters with Disrespectful Citizens. El Paso, TX: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC, 2012. <br>[3] B. Rodgers, Psychological Aspects of Police Work: An Officer’s Guide to Street Psychology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers, 2006. <br>[4] C. Muhammad, “What Really is the New LAPD De-escalation Policy” in Los Angeles Sentinel, April 27, 2017. <br>[5] A. Watson and B. Angell, “Applying Procedural Justice Theory to Law Enforcement’s Responses to Persons with Mental Illness” in Psychiatric Services, vol. 58, pp. 787-793, 2007. <br>[6] T. Sexton, “From Conflict to Conflict Resolution: Molding a New Paradigm in Policing” in Sheriff & Deputy, vol. 68, pp. 20-24, January 2016. <br>[7] B. Amato, “Law Enforcement and Persons with Mental Illness: New Standards for Safety” in Police Chief, vol. 85, pp. 16-17, December 2018. <br>[8] B. Friedman, “What is Good Policing? We Have No Idea” in The Washington Post, March 12, 2017. <br>[9] G. Grabiner, “Who Polices the Police?” in Social Justice, vol. 43, pp. 58-109, 2016. <br>[10] W. Harmening, Crisis Intervention: The Criminal Justice Response to Chaos, Mayhem, and Disorder. Boston, MA: Pearson Publishing, 2014. <br>[11] M. Compton and R. Kotwicki, Responding to Individuals with Mental Illness, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2007. <br>[12] B. Fitch, Law Enforcement Interpersonal Communication and Conflict Management. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishing, 2016. <br>[13] R. James, Crisis Intervention Strategies (6th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Thompson Brooks/Cole Publishing, 2008. <br>[14] S. Hanafi, M. Bahora, B. Demir, and M. Compton, “Incorporating Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Knowledge and Skills into the Daily Work of Police Officers: A Focus Group Study” in Community Mental Health Journal, vol. 44, pp. 427-432, 2008. <br>[15] G. Thompson, Verbal Judo. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1983. <br>[16] M. Compton, B. Neubert, B. Broussard, J. McGriff, R. Morgan, and J. Oliver. “Use of Force Preferences and Perceived Effectiveness of Actions Among Crisis Intervention (CIT) Police Officers and non-CIT Officers in an Escalating Psychiatric Crisis Involving a Subject With Schizophrenia” in Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol. 37, pp. 737-745, 2011. <br>[17] W. Baker, J. Holcomb, and D. Baker, “An Assessment of the Relative Importance of Criminal Justice Learning Objectives” in Journal of Criminal Justice Education, vol. 28, pp. 129-148, 2017. <br>[18] L. Bowker, “A Theory of the Educational Needs of Law Enforcement Officers” in Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, vol. 1, pp. 17-24, 1978. <br>[19] H. Nute and J. Andrews, “The Method to Our Madness: Learning by Doing in a Criminal Intelligence Course” in Journal of Strategic Security, vol. 6, pp. 267-280, 2013. <br>[20] L. James, S. James, and B. Vila, “The Impact of Work Shift and Fatigue on Police Officer Response in a Simulated Interaction with Citizens” in Journal of Experiential Criminology, vol. 14, pp. 111-120, 2018. <br>[21] C. Sereni-Massinger, J. Bawden, and W. Rowe, “Policy Point-Counterpoint: Mandating Law Enforcement to Receive Annual Certification in Cultural Diversity Through Critical Thinking” in International Social Science Review, vol. 91, pp. 21-23, 2015. <br>[22] Bureau of Justice Assistance, Improving Responses to People with Mental Illnesses: Tailoring Law Enforcement Initiatives to Individual Jurisdictions. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Assistance, 2010. <br>[23] D. Quan and C. Tarman, “Some Police Still Believe Use of Force ‘Inevitable’” in The Vancouver Sun, August 27, 2014. <br>[24] R. Hacker, Experimental Evaluation of DEFUSE: Online De-Escalation Training for Law Enforcement Intervening in Mental Health Crises. Dissertation, Arizona State University, 2017. <br>[25] M. George, H. Lim, S. Lucas, and R. Meadows, “Learning by Doing: Experiential Learning in Criminal Justice” in Journal of Criminal Justice Education, vol. 26, pp. 471-492, 2015. <br>[26] M. Lanier and L. Briggs, Research Methods in Criminal Justice and Criminology: A Mixed Methods Approach. New York, NY: Oxford Press, 2014. <br>[27] I. Simpson and B. Staw, “De-escalation Strategies” A Comparison of Techniques for Reducing Commitment to Losing Courses of Action” in Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 77, pp. 419-426, 1992. <br>[28] J. Stamatel, S. Bushway, and W. Roberson, “Shaking Up Criminal Justice Education with Team-Based Learning” in Journal of Criminal Justice Education, vol. 24, pp. 417-434, 2013. <br>[29] H. Steadman and D. Morrissette, “Police Response to Persons with Mental Illness: Going Beyond CIT Training” in Psychiatric Services, vol. 67, pp. 1054-1056, 2016. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

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Changes in Student Definition of De-Escalation in Professional Peace Officer Education