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Exodus 12:8 They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
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with unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/12.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/12.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; <i>and</i> with bitter <i>herbs</i> they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/12.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Then they shall eat the flesh on that night; roasted in fire, with unleavened bread <i>and</i> with bitter <i>herbs</i> they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/12.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />They shall eat the flesh that <i>same</i> night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/12.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />They shall eat the flesh that same night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/12.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />‘And they shall eat the flesh that <i>same</i> night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/12.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh that night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/12.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />They shall eat the meat that same night, roasted in fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/12.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/12.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/12.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/12.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />That night the animals are to be roasted and eaten, together with bitter herbs and thin bread made without yeast. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/12.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/12.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />The meat must be eaten that same night. It must be roasted over a fire and eaten with bitter herbs and unleavened bread.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/exodus/12.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />That night the meat is to be roasted, and eaten with bitter herbs and with bread made without yeast. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/12.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />That very night they're to eat the meat, roasted over the fire, with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/12.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/12.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />They will eat the meat the same night; they will eat it roasted over the fire with bread made without yeast and with bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/12.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />They shall eat the flesh in that night, roasted with fire, and unleavened bread. They shall eat it with bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/12.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roasted with fire; and unleavened bread, and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/12.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />They shall eat the meat in that night, roasted with fire, with unleavened bread. They shall eat it with bitter herbs. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/12.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And they have eaten the flesh in this night, a roast with fire; they eat it with unleavened things and bitters;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/12.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> 'And they have eaten the flesh in this night, roast with fire; with unleavened things and bitters they do eat it;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/12.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night roasted with fire and unleavened; upon bitter herbs shall they eat it.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/12.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh that night roasted at the fire, and unleavened bread with wild lettuce. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/12.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And that night they shall eat the flesh, roasted by fire, and unleavened bread with wild lettuce.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/12.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />They will consume its meat that same night, eating it roasted with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/12.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />They shall eat the lamb that same night; they shall eat it roasted over the fire with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/12.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And they shall eat the meat in that night, roasted with fire, with unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/12.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And they will eat the flesh in this night when roasted in fire; they shall eat it and unleavened bread with bitter herbs.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/12.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/12.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And they shall eat the flesh in this night roast with fire, and they shall eat unleavened <i>bread</i> with bitter herbs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/12-8.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=2747" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/12.htm">The First Passover</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">7</span>They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. <span class="reftext">8</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/398.htm" title="398: wə·’ā·ḵə·lū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3cp) -- To eat. A primitive root; to eat.">They are to eat</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1320.htm" title="1320: hab·bā·śār (Art:: N-ms) -- Flesh. From basar; flesh; by extension, body, person; also The pudenda of a man.">the meat</a> <a href="/hebrew/2088.htm" title="2088: haz·zeh (Art:: Pro-ms) -- This, here. A primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that.">that</a> <a href="/hebrew/3915.htm" title="3915: bal·lay·lāh (Prep-b, Art:: N-ms) -- Night. Or leyl; also laylah; from the same as luwl; properly, a twist, i.e. Night; figuratively, adversity.">night,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6748.htm" title="6748: ṣə·lî- (N-msc) -- Roasted, a roast. Passive participle of tsalah; roasted.">roasted</a> <a href="/hebrew/784.htm" title="784: ’êš (N-cs) -- A fire. A primitive word; fire.">over the fire,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4682.htm" title="4682: ū·maṣ·ṣō·wṯ (Conj-w:: N-fp) -- Unleavened bread or cake. ">along with unleavened bread</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4844.htm" title="4844: mə·rō·rîm (N-mp) -- Bitter thing, bitter herb. Or mrowr; from marar; a bitter herb.">and bitter herbs.</a> <a href="/hebrew/398.htm" title="398: yō·ḵə·lu·hū (V-Qal-Imperf-3mp:: 3ms) -- To eat. A primitive root; to eat."></a> </span><span class="reftext">9</span>Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire—its head and legs and inner parts.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/23-5.htm">Leviticus 23:5-6</a></span><br />The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. / On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Numbers 9:11</a></span><br />Such people are to observe it at twilight on the fourteenth day of the second month. They are to eat the lamb, together with unleavened bread and bitter herbs;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/16-3.htm">Deuteronomy 16:3</a></span><br />You must not eat leavened bread with it; for seven days you are to eat with it unleavened bread, the bread of affliction, because you left the land of Egypt in haste—so that you may remember for the rest of your life the day you left the land of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/30-21.htm">2 Chronicles 30:21</a></span><br />The Israelites who were present in Jerusalem celebrated the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days with great joy, and the Levites and priests praised the LORD day after day, accompanied by loud instruments of praise to the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/26-17.htm">Matthew 26:17-19</a></span><br />On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?” / He answered, “Go into the city to a certain man and tell him that the Teacher says, ‘My time is near. I will keep the Passover with My disciples at your house.’” / So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/14-12.htm">Mark 14:12-16</a></span><br />On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed, Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?” / So He sent two of His disciples and told them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a jug of water will meet you. Follow him, / and whichever house he enters, say to the owner, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is My guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’ ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/22-7.htm">Luke 22:7-13</a></span><br />Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed. / Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.” / “Where do You want us to prepare it?” they asked. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/6-4.htm">John 6:4</a></span><br />Now the Jewish Feast of the Passover was near.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/5-7.htm">1 Corinthians 5:7-8</a></span><br />Get rid of the old leaven, that you may be a new unleavened batch, as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. / Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the old bread, leavened with malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and of truth.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/11-28.htm">Hebrews 11:28</a></span><br />By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch Israel’s own firstborn.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/34-25.htm">Exodus 34:25</a></span><br />Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to Me along with anything leavened, and do not let any of the sacrifice from the Passover Feast remain until morning.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/numbers/28-16.htm">Numbers 28:16-17</a></span><br />The fourteenth day of the first month is the LORD’s Passover. / On the fifteenth day of this month, there shall be a feast; for seven days unleavened bread is to be eaten.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/5-10.htm">Joshua 5:10-11</a></span><br />On the evening of the fourteenth day of the month, while the Israelites were camped at Gilgal on the plains of Jericho, they kept the Passover. / The day after the Passover, on that very day, they ate unleavened bread and roasted grain from the produce of the land.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/23-21.htm">2 Kings 23:21-23</a></span><br />The king commanded all the people, “Keep the Passover of the LORD your God, as it is written in this Book of the Covenant.” / No such Passover had been observed from the days of the judges who had governed Israel through all the days of the kings of Israel and Judah. / But in the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign, this Passover was observed to the LORD in Jerusalem.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/45-21.htm">Ezekiel 45:21</a></span><br />On the fourteenth day of the first month you are to observe the Passover, a feast of seven days, during which unleavened bread shall be eaten.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.</p><p class="hdg">eat the</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/26-26.htm">Matthew 26:26</a></b></br> And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed <i>it</i>, and brake <i>it</i>, and gave <i>it</i> to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/john/6-52.htm">John 6:52-57</a></b></br> The Jews therefore strove among themselves, saying, How can this man give us <i>his</i> flesh to eat? … </p><p class="hdg">roast</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/16-7.htm">Deuteronomy 16:7</a></b></br> And thou shalt roast and eat <i>it</i> in the place which the LORD thy God shall choose: and thou shalt turn in the morning, and go unto thy tents.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/22-14.htm">Psalm 22:14</a></b></br> I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/53-10.htm">Isaiah 53:10</a></b></br> Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put <i>him</i> to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see <i>his</i> seed, he shall prolong <i>his</i> days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.</p><p class="hdg">unleavened</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/13-3.htm">Exodus 13:3,7</a></b></br> And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand the LORD brought you out from this <i>place</i>: there shall no leavened bread be eaten… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/34-25.htm">Exodus 34:25</a></b></br> Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leaven; neither shall the sacrifice of the feast of the passover be left unto the morning.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Numbers 9:11</a></b></br> The fourteenth day of the second month at even they shall keep it, <i>and</i> eat it with unleavened bread and bitter <i>herbs</i>.</p><p class="hdg">with bitter</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Exodus 1:14</a></b></br> And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in morter, and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service, wherein they made them serve, <i>was</i> with rigour.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Numbers 9:11</a></b></br> The fourteenth day of the second month at even they shall keep it, <i>and</i> eat it with unleavened bread and bitter <i>herbs</i>.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/zechariah/12-10.htm">Zechariah 12:10</a></b></br> And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for <i>his</i> only <i>son</i>, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for <i>his</i> firstborn.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Bitter-Tasting</a> <a href="/exodus/2-20.htm">Bread</a> <a href="/genesis/40-17.htm">Cooked</a> <a href="/exodus/12-7.htm">Eat</a> <a href="/exodus/10-5.htm">Eaten</a> <a href="/exodus/9-24.htm">Fire</a> <a href="/exodus/4-7.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/genesis/49-27.htm">Food</a> <a href="/exodus/10-15.htm">Herbs</a> <a href="/exodus/12-5.htm">Lamb</a> <a href="/genesis/49-27.htm">Meat</a> <a href="/exodus/11-4.htm">Night</a> <a href="/genesis/19-28.htm">Oven</a> <a href="/exodus/2-3.htm">Plants</a> <a href="/isaiah/44-16.htm">Roast</a> <a href="/luke/24-42.htm">Roasted</a> <a href="/exodus/8-14.htm">Together</a> <a href="/genesis/19-3.htm">Unleavened</a> <a href="/genesis/19-3.htm">Yeast</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/15-23.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Bitter-Tasting</a> <a href="/exodus/12-15.htm">Bread</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Cooked</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Eat</a> <a href="/exodus/12-11.htm">Eaten</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Fire</a> <a href="/exodus/12-46.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/exodus/12-16.htm">Food</a> <a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Herbs</a> <a href="/exodus/13-13.htm">Lamb</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Meat</a> <a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">Night</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Oven</a> <a href="/numbers/9-11.htm">Plants</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Roast</a> <a href="/exodus/12-9.htm">Roasted</a> <a href="/exodus/15-8.htm">Together</a> <a href="/exodus/12-15.htm">Unleavened</a> <a href="/exodus/12-15.htm">Yeast</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 12</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-1.htm">The beginning of the year is changed</a></span><br><span class="reftext">3. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-3.htm">The Passover is instituted</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-11.htm">The import of the rite of the Passover</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-15.htm">Unleavened bread</a></span><br><span class="reftext">29. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">The firstborn are slain</a></span><br><span class="reftext">31. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-31.htm">The Israelites are driven out of the land</a></span><br><span class="reftext">37. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-37.htm">They come to Succoth</a></span><br><span class="reftext">41. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-41.htm">The time of their sojourning</a></span><br><span class="reftext">43. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/12-43.htm">The ordinance of the Passover</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 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</a></tr></table></div><b>They are to eat the meat that night</b><br>This instruction is part of the Passover ritual, where the Israelites were commanded to eat the lamb on the night of their deliverance from Egypt. The immediacy of "that night" underscores the urgency and readiness required for their impending exodus. This meal was to be consumed in haste, symbolizing the swift departure from bondage. The night also holds significance as it marks the time when the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites, sparing them from the plague of the firstborn (<a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12-13</a>).<p><b>Roasted over the fire</b><br>Roasting the lamb over fire, rather than boiling or eating it raw, was a specific command. Fire symbolizes judgment and purification in the Bible, and this method of cooking can be seen as a representation of the judgment that passed over the Israelites. The roasting also ensured the lamb was consumed whole, without breaking any bones, which is a type of Christ, as none of His bones were broken during His crucifixion (<a href="/john/19-36.htm">John 19:36</a>).<p><b>Along with unleavened bread</b><br>Unleavened bread, or matzah, is bread made without yeast. In the context of the Passover, it symbolizes purity and the absence of sin, as leaven often represents sin and corruption in Scripture (<a href="/1_corinthians/5-6.htm">1 Corinthians 5:6-8</a>). The haste of their departure from Egypt meant there was no time for the dough to rise, further emphasizing the urgency of their escape. This bread is also a reminder of the affliction and suffering endured in Egypt, as it is referred to as the "bread of affliction" (<a href="/deuteronomy/16-3.htm">Deuteronomy 16:3</a>).<p><b>And bitter herbs</b><br>The bitter herbs, likely including plants such as chicory or endive, were eaten to remind the Israelites of the bitterness of their slavery in Egypt. This element of the meal serves as a tangible reminder of their past suffering and the harshness of their bondage. The bitterness also points to the suffering of Christ, who bore the bitterness of sin and death on behalf of humanity. The inclusion of bitter herbs in the Passover meal is a call to remember and reflect on the cost of redemption and deliverance.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a></b><br>God's chosen people, who are in bondage in Egypt and are about to be delivered through the Passover event.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land where the Israelites are enslaved, representing a place of bondage and oppression.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/p/passover.htm">Passover</a></b><br>A pivotal event in Israelite history where God delivers His people from slavery, marking the beginning of their journey to the Promised Land.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/u/unleavened_bread.htm">Unleavened Bread</a></b><br>Symbolizes purity and the haste in which the Israelites had to leave Egypt, as there was no time for the bread to rise.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/b/bitter_herbs.htm">Bitter Herbs</a></b><br>Represent the bitterness of slavery and the suffering endured by the Israelites in Egypt.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/s/symbolism_of_the_passover_meal.htm">Symbolism of the Passover Meal</a></b><br>The Passover meal is rich in symbolism, pointing to God's deliverance and the future sacrifice of Christ. The roasted lamb, unleavened bread, and bitter herbs each carry deep spiritual meanings that remind believers of God's faithfulness and the cost of redemption.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_remembrance.htm">The Importance of Remembrance</a></b><br>Just as the Israelites were commanded to remember their deliverance from Egypt, Christians are called to remember Christ's sacrifice through communion. This act of remembrance strengthens faith and fosters gratitude.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/l/living_in_purity_and_readiness.htm">Living in Purity and Readiness</a></b><br>The unleavened bread signifies a life free from sin and corruption. Believers are encouraged to live in purity and readiness, always prepared for God's call and the return of Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/a/acknowledging_past_sufferings.htm">Acknowledging Past Sufferings</a></b><br>The bitter herbs remind us of past sufferings and God's deliverance. Reflecting on personal trials can deepen our appreciation for God's grace and strengthen our resolve to trust Him in future challenges.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_12.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 12</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/which_bitter_herbs_are_in_the_bible.htm">What are the bitter herbs mentioned in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_is_jesus_and_his_mission.htm">What are the bitter herbs mentioned in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/bible's_view_on_nationalism.htm">Did Jesus consume meat?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_'breaking_of_bread'_mean.htm">What does "breaking of bread" mean?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/12.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(8) <span class= "bld">Roast with fire.</span>--Roasting is the simplest, the easiest, and the most primitive mode of cooking meat. It was also the only mode open to all the Hebrews, since the generality would not possess cauldrons large enough to receive an entire lamb. Further, the requirement put a difference between this and other victims, which were generally cut up and boiled (<a href="/context/1_samuel/2-14.htm" title="And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the meat hook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh to all the Israelites that came thither.">1Samuel 2:14-15</a>).<p><span class= "bld">Unleavened bread . . . bitter herbs.</span>--As partaking of the lamb typified feeding on Christ, so the putting away of leaven and eating unleavened bread signified the putting away of all defilement and corruption ere we approach Christ to feed on Him (<a href="/1_corinthians/5-8.htm" title="Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.">1Corinthians 5:8</a>). As for the bitter herbs, they probably represented "self-denial" or "repentance"--fitting concomitants of the holy feast, where the Lamb of God is our food. At any rate, they were a protest against that animalism which turns a sacred banquet into a means of gratifying the appetite (<a href="/context/1_corinthians/11-20.htm" title="When you come together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's supper.">1Corinthians 11:20-22</a>).<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/12.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 8.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Roast with fire</span>. The meat of sacrificial meals was commonly boiled by the Hebrews (<a href="/1_samuel/2-14.htm">1 Samuel 2:14, 15</a>). The command to roast the Paschal lamb is accounted for: <p><span class="Text_Heading">1.</span> By its being a simpler and quicker process than boiling; <p><span class="Text_Heading">2.</span> By a special sanctity being regarded as attaching to fire; <p><span class="Text_Heading">3.</span> By the difficulty of cooking the animal <span class="accented">whole</span> unless it were roasted. Justin Martyr's statement that for roasting two wooden spits were required, placed at right angles the one to the other, and thus extending the victim on a cross, will seem to many a better ground for the direction than any of these. <span class="cmt_word">And</span> <span class="cmt_word">unleavened bread</span>. See below, ver. 18. <span class="cmt_word">With bitter herbs</span>. Literally, "with bitternesses." That herbs, or vegetables of some kind, are intended, there is no reasonable doubt. The Mishna enumerates endive, chicory, wild lettuce, and nettles among the herbs that might be eaten. It is a strange notion of Kurtz's, that the bitter herbs were a condiment, and "communicated a more agreeable flavour to the food." Undoubtedly they were a disagreeable accompaniment, and represented at once the bitterness of the Egyptian bondage (<a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Exodus 1:14</a>) and the need of self-denial, if we would feed on Christ. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/12-8.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">They are to eat</span><br /><span class="heb">וְאָכְל֥וּ</span> <span class="translit">(wə·’ā·ḵə·lū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_398.htm">Strong's 398: </a> </span><span class="str2">To eat</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the meat</span><br /><span class="heb">הַבָּשָׂ֖ר</span> <span class="translit">(hab·bā·śār)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1320.htm">Strong's 1320: </a> </span><span class="str2">Flesh, body, person, the pudenda of a, man</span><br /><br /><span class="word">that</span><br /><span class="heb">הַזֶּ֑ה</span> <span class="translit">(haz·zeh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Pronoun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2088.htm">Strong's 2088: </a> </span><span class="str2">This, that</span><br /><br /><span class="word">night,</span><br /><span class="heb">בַּלַּ֣יְלָה</span> <span class="translit">(bal·lay·lāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3915.htm">Strong's 3915: </a> </span><span class="str2">A twist, night, adversity</span><br /><br /><span class="word">roasted</span><br /><span class="heb">צְלִי־</span> <span class="translit">(ṣə·lî-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6748.htm">Strong's 6748: </a> </span><span class="str2">Roasted, a roast</span><br /><br /><span class="word">over the fire,</span><br /><span class="heb">אֵ֣שׁ</span> <span class="translit">(’êš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_784.htm">Strong's 784: </a> </span><span class="str2">A fire</span><br /><br /><span class="word">along with unleavened bread</span><br /><span class="heb">וּמַצּ֔וֹת</span> <span class="translit">(ū·maṣ·ṣō·wṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4682.htm">Strong's 4682: </a> </span><span class="str2">Sweetness, sweet, an unfermented cake, loaf, the festival of Passover</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and bitter herbs.</span><br /><span class="heb">מְרֹרִ֖ים</span> <span class="translit">(mə·rō·rîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4844.htm">Strong's 4844: </a> </span><span class="str2">Bitter thing, bitter herb</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/12-8.htm">Exodus 12:8 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/12-8.htm">OT Law: Exodus 12:8 They shall eat the flesh in that (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/12-7.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 12:7"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 12:7" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/12-9.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 12:9"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 12:9" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>