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Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22">"Wormholes in fiction"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Wormholes+in+fiction%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (January 2017) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #DEDEE2;">Wormhole</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Wormhole travel as envisioned by Les Bossinas for NASA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg/220px-Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg/330px-Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg/440px-Wormhole_travel_as_envisioned_by_Les_Bossinas_for_NASA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Artist's impression of wormhole travel</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a>–<a href="/wiki/Nathan_Rosen" title="Nathan Rosen">Rosen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #DEDEE2;">In-universe information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space" title="Space">Space</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Transportation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudo-scientific</a> <a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First proposed</th><td class="infobox-data">1916</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Re-proposed</th><td class="infobox-data">1935</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccf">Spatial anomalies in fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes in fiction</a> • <a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">Portable hole</a> • <a href="/wiki/Teleportation_in_fiction" title="Teleportation in fiction">Teleportation in fiction</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wormholes in fiction</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate</a> • <a href="/wiki/Warp_drive" title="Warp drive">Warp drive</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">Hyperspace</a> • <a href="/wiki/Time_travel_in_fiction" title="Time travel in fiction">Time travel in fiction</a> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="font-weight:normal;"> <a href="/wiki/File:Sf-userbox.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/16px-Sf-userbox.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/24px-Sf-userbox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/32px-Sf-userbox.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Science fiction">Science fiction portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link 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data-file-height="270" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alternate_history_fiction" title="List of alternate history fiction">List of alternate history fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrofuturism" title="Retrofuturism">Retrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewise_Award_for_Alternate_History" title="Sidewise Award for Alternate History">Sidewise Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alternate_history_writers" title="Category:Alternate history writers">Writers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div 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title="Legendary creature">Legendary creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_podcast" title="Fantasy podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quest" title="Quest">Quests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_fiction" title="Magic in fiction">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superheroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_television" title="Fantasy television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_world" title="Fantasy world">Worlds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_authors" title="List of fantasy authors">Writers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_fiction_anime_and_manga" title="Category:Science fiction anime and manga">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_fiction_artists" title="Category:Science fiction artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_science_fiction#Science_fiction_awards" title="Outline of science fiction">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_fiction" title="Climate fiction">Climate fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_editors" title="List of science fiction editors">Editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_fandom" title="Science fiction fandom">Fandom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_convention" title="Science fiction convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-fiction_fanzine" title="Science-fiction fanzine">Fanzine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_magazine" title="Science fiction magazine">Fiction magazines</a></li> <li><a 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</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror fiction</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_anime_and_manga" title="Category:Horror anime and manga">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_fiction_awards" title="Category:Horror fiction awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_convention" title="Horror convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction_magazine" title="Horror fiction magazine">Fiction magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_horror_films" title="History of horror films">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_genres" title="Category:Horror genres">Genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_podcast" title="Horror podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_television_programs" title="List of horror television programs">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_fiction_writers" title="List of horror fiction writers">Writers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Miscellaneous</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">Fictional universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_species" title="Lists of fictional species">Fictional species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_speculative_fiction_writers" title="List of Japanese speculative fiction writers">List of Japanese SF writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Fantasy" title="The Encyclopedia of Fantasy">The Encyclopedia of Fantasy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/File:Dragon-149393.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/15px-Dragon-149393.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/23px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/31px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="529" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction" title="Portal:Speculative fiction">Portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Speculative_fiction_sidebar" title="Template:Speculative fiction sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Speculative_fiction_sidebar" title="Template talk:Speculative fiction sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Speculative_fiction_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Speculative fiction sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> A wormhole is a postulated method, within the <a href="/wiki/General_theory_of_relativity" class="mw-redirect" title="General theory of relativity">general theory of relativity</a>, of moving from one point in space to another without crossing the space between.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Wormholes are a popular feature of science fiction as they allow <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">faster-than-light</a> <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_travel" title="Interstellar travel">interstellar travel</a> within human timescales.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> A related concept in various fictional genres is the <a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">portable hole</a>. While there's no clear demarcation between the two, this article deals with fictional, but pseudo-scientific, treatments of faster-than-light travel through space. A jumpgate is a fictional device able to create an Einstein–Rosen bridge portal (or wormhole), allowing fast travel between two points in space. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_franchises">In franchises</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In franchises">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stargate_franchise">Stargate franchise</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Stargate franchise">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Stargate" title="Stargate">Stargate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate (device)</a></div> Wormholes are the principal means of space travel in the <a href="/wiki/Stargate_(movie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stargate (movie)">Stargate</a> movie and the spin-off television series, <a href="/wiki/Stargate_SG-1" title="Stargate SG-1">Stargate SG-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stargate_Atlantis" title="Stargate Atlantis">Stargate Atlantis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stargate_Universe" title="Stargate Universe">Stargate Universe</a>, to the point where it was called the franchise that is "far and away most identified with wormholes".<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The central plot device of the programs is an ancient transportation network consisting of the ring-shaped devices known as <a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargates</a>, which generate artificial wormholes that allow one-way matter transmission and two-way radio communication between gates when the correct spatial coordinates are "dialed". However, for some reason not yet explained, the water-like event horizon breaks down the matter and converts it into energy for transport through the wormhole, restoring it into its original state at the destination. This would explain why electromagnetic energy can travel both ways — it doesn't have to be converted. The one-way rule may be caused by the Stargates themselves: as a Gate may only be capable of creating an event-horizon that either breaks down or reconstitutes matter, but not both. It does serve as a very useful plot device: when one wants to return to the other end one must close the original wormhole and "redial", which means one needs access to the dialing device. The one-way nature of the Stargates helps to defend the gate from unwanted incursions.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Also, Stargates can sustain an artificial wormhole for only 38 minutes. It's possible to keep it active for a longer period, but it would take immense amounts of energy. The wormholes generated by the Stargates are based on the misconception that wormholes in 3D space have 2D (circular) event horizons, but a proper visualization of a wormhole in 3D space would be a spherical event horizon.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Babylon_5_and_Crusade">Babylon 5 and Crusade</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Babylon 5 and Crusade">edit</a>]</div> In television series <a href="/wiki/Babylon_5" title="Babylon 5">Babylon 5</a> and its spin-off series <a href="/wiki/Crusade_(TV_series)" title="Crusade (TV series)">Crusade</a>, jump points are artificial wormholes that serve as entrances and exits to <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace_(science_fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperspace (science fiction)">hyperspace</a>, allowing for faster-than-light travel. Jump points can either be created by larger ships (battleships, destroyers, etc.) or by standalone jumpgates. In the B5 universe, jumpgates are considered <a href="/wiki/Neutral_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutral territory">neutral territory</a>. It is considered a gross violation of normal <a href="/wiki/Rules_of_engagement" title="Rules of engagement">rules of engagement</a> to attack them directly, as the jumpgate network is needed by every spacefaring race. However, in wartime, it is common for powers to program their gates to deny access to opposing sides, thus forcing enemies to use their own jump points. <a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Farscape">Farscape</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Farscape">edit</a>]</div> The television series <a href="/wiki/Farscape" title="Farscape">Farscape</a> features an American astronaut who accidentally gets shot through a wormhole and ends up in a distant part of the universe, and also features the use of wormholes to reach other universes (or "unrealized realities") and as <a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_mass_destruction" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons of mass destruction">weapons of mass destruction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-13">[13]</a> Wormholes are the cause of <a href="/wiki/John_Crichton_(Farscape)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Crichton (Farscape)">John Crichton</a>'s presence in the far reaches of our galaxy and the focus of an arms race of different alien species attempting to obtain Crichton's perceived ability to control them. Crichton's brain was secretly implanted with knowledge of wormhole technology by one of the last members of an ancient alien species. Later, an alien interrogator discovers the existence of the hidden information and thus Crichton becomes embroiled in interstellar politics and warfare while being pursued by all sides (as they want the ability to use wormholes as weapons). Unable to directly access the information, Crichton is able to subconsciously foretell when and where wormholes will form and is able to safely travel through them (while all attempts by others are fatal). By the end of the series, he eventually works out some of the science and is able to create his own wormholes (and shows his pursuers the consequences of a wormhole weapon).<a href="#cite_note-:1-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Star_Trek_franchise">Star Trek franchise</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Star Trek franchise">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Early in the storyline of <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Motion_Picture" title="Star Trek: The Motion Picture">Star Trek: The Motion Picture</a>, an antimatter imbalance in the refitted Enterprise starship's warp drive power systems creates an unstable ship-generated wormhole directly ahead of the vessel, threatening to rip the starship apart partially through its increasingly severe <a href="/wiki/Time_dilation" title="Time dilation">time dilation</a> effects, until Commander <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Chekov" title="Pavel Chekov">Pavel Chekov</a> fires a <a href="/wiki/Photon_torpedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Photon torpedo">photon torpedo</a> to blast apart a sizable asteroid that was pulled in with the starship (and directly ahead of it), destabilizing the wormhole effect and throwing the Enterprise clear as it slowed to sub-light velocities. Near the end of the film, <a href="/wiki/Willard_Decker" class="mw-redirect" title="Willard Decker">Willard Decker</a> recalls that "Voyager 6" (a.k.a. <a href="/wiki/V%27ger" class="mw-redirect" title="V'ger">V'ger</a>) disappeared into what they used to call a "black hole". At one time, black holes in science fiction were often endowed with the traits of wormholes. This has for the most part disappeared as a black hole isn't a hole in space but a dense mass and the visible vortex effect often associated with black holes is merely the accretion disk of visible matter being drawn toward it. Decker's line is most likely to inform that it was probably a wormhole that Voyager 6 entered, although the intense gravity of a black hole does warp the fabric of spacetime.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation" title="Star Trek: The Next Generation">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a>, in episode "A Matter of Time", Captain <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Picard" title="Jean-Luc Picard">Jean-Luc Picard</a> acknowledged that since the first wormholes were discovered students had been asked questions about the ramifications of accidentally changing history for the worse through knowledge obtained by traveling through wormholes.</li> <li>The setting of the television series <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine" title="Star Trek: Deep Space Nine">Star Trek: Deep Space Nine</a> is a space station, <a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Nine_(space_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep Space Nine (space station)">Deep Space 9</a>, located near the <a href="/wiki/Bajoran#Prophets" title="Bajoran">artificially-created</a> <a href="/wiki/Bajoran_wormhole" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajoran wormhole">Bajoran wormhole</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-16">[16]</a> This wormhole is unique in the <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a> universe because of its stability. In an earlier episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation it was established that wormholes are generally unstable on one or both ends – either the end(s) move erratically or they do not open reliably.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The Bajoran wormhole is stationary on both ends and opens consistently. It provides passage to the distant Gamma Quadrant, opening a gate to starships that extends far beyond the reach normally attainable, is the source of a severe threat to the Alpha Quadrant from an empire called the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_(Star_Trek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominion (Star Trek)">Dominion</a>, and is home to a group of non-physical life forms which make contact with Commander <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Sisko" title="Benjamin Sisko">Benjamin Sisko</a> and have also interacted with the Bajorans in the past. Discovered at the start of the series, the existence of the wormhole and the various consequences of its discovery elevate the strategic importance of the space station and is a major factor in most of the overarching plots over the course of the series.<a href="#cite_note-:2-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li> <li>In Star Trek: Voyager, in episode <a href="/wiki/Counterpoint_(Star_Trek:_Voyager)" title="Counterpoint (Star Trek: Voyager)">"Counterpoint"</a>, an alien scientist explains that the term wormhole<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> is often used as a layman's term and describes various spatial anomalies. Examples for those wormholes in Star Trek are intermittent cyclical vortex,<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> interspatial fissure,<a href="#cite_note-Okuda_372-23">[23]</a> interspatial flexure<a href="#cite_note-Okuda_372-23">[23]</a> or spatial flexure in episode <a href="/wiki/Q2_(Star_Trek:_Voyager)" title="Q2 (Star Trek: Voyager)">"Q2"</a> respectively spatial vortex<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> in episode <a href="/wiki/Night_(Star_Trek:_Voyager)" title="Night (Star Trek: Voyager)">"Night"</a>. In the episode <a href="/wiki/Inside_Man_(Star_Trek:_Voyager)" title="Inside Man (Star Trek: Voyager)">"Inside Man"</a> an artificially created wormhole was named geodesic fold.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li> <li>In the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_(2009_film)" title="Star Trek (2009 film)">Star Trek film</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_matter" class="mw-redirect" title="Red matter">red matter</a> is used to create artificial <a href="/wiki/Black_holes" class="mw-redirect" title="Black holes">black holes</a>. A large one acts a conduit between <a href="/wiki/Spacetime" title="Spacetime">spacetime</a> and sends <a href="/wiki/Spock" title="Spock">Spock</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters_(N%E2%80%93S)#N" title="List of Star Trek characters (N–S)">Nero</a> back in time.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctor_Who">Doctor Who</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Doctor Who">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Rift_(Whoniverse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rift (Whoniverse)">Rift</a> which appears in the long-running British science-fiction series <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a> and its spin-off <a href="/wiki/Torchwood" title="Torchwood">Torchwood</a> is a wormhole. One of its mouths is located in <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Bay" title="Cardiff Bay">Cardiff Bay</a>, Wales and the other floats freely throughout <a href="/wiki/Space-time" class="mw-redirect" title="Space-time">space-time</a>. It is the central <a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">plot device</a> in the latter show.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li> <li>In "<a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Dead_(Doctor_Who)" class="mw-redirect" title="Planet of the Dead (Doctor Who)">Planet of the Dead</a>", a wormhole transports a London double-decker bus to a barren, desert-like planet. The wormhole could only be navigated safely through by a metal object, and human tissue is not meant for inter-space travel, as demonstrated by the bus driver, who is burnt to the bones on attempting to get back to Earth.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li></ul> It is discussed that the Time Vortex was created by the Time Lords (an ancient and powerful race of human-looking aliens that can control space and time; the protagonist is one of them) to allow travel of TARDISes (Time And Relative Dimension In Space) to any point in spacetime.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marvel_Cinematic_Universe">Marvel Cinematic Universe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Marvel Cinematic Universe">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>In the 2011 film <a href="/wiki/Thor_(film)" title="Thor (film)">Thor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bifrost_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bifrost (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Bifrost</a> is reimagined as an Einstein–Rosen Bridge which is operated by the gatekeeper, <a href="/wiki/Heimdall_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heimdall (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Heimdall</a>, and used by <a href="/wiki/Asgardians_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asgardians (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Asgardians</a> to travel between the <a href="/wiki/Nine_Realms_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nine Realms (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Nine Realms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></li> <li>In the 2012 film <a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(2012_film)" title="The Avengers (2012 film)">The Avengers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loki_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Loki (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Loki</a> uses the Tesseract to arrive on Earth and summon the <a href="/wiki/Chitauri_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitauri (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Chitauri</a> to invade New York.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li>In the 2013 film <a href="/wiki/Thor:_The_Dark_World" title="Thor: The Dark World">Thor: The Dark World</a>, the Bifrost Bridge is repaired using the Tesseract, and is once again used by Asgardians for space travel. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Foster_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Jane Foster (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Jane Foster</a> and her associates encounter a wormhole in London which teleports her to <a href="/wiki/Features_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe#Svartalfheim" title="Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe">Svartalfheim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></li> <li>In the 2017 film <a href="/wiki/Thor:_Ragnarok" title="Thor: Ragnarok">Thor: Ragnarok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thor_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Thor (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Thor</a> is teleported to the planet <a href="/wiki/Sakaar_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakaar (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Sakaar</a> via a wormhole, where he learns that <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Banner_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Bruce Banner (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Bruce Banner</a> and Loki had both landed on the planet via wormholes as well. The largest one, referred to as the "Devil's Anus", is described by Banner as "a collapsing Neutron Star within an Einstein-Rosen Bridge".<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></li> <li>In the 2018 film <a href="/wiki/Avengers:_Infinity_War" title="Avengers: Infinity War">Avengers: Infinity War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thanos_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Thanos (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Thanos</a> acquires the Space Stone from the <a href="/wiki/Statesman_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Statesman (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Statesman</a> and uses it to generate wormholes and travel between different points of the Universe.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_literature">In literature</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In literature">edit</a>]</div> In some earlier analyses of <a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">general relativity</a>, the event horizon of a black hole was believed to form an Einstein-Rosen bridge.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Title</th> <th>Author</th> <th>Year</th> <th class="unsortable">Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>"The Meteor Girl" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Williamson" title="Jack Williamson">Jack Williamson</a> </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>In the short story the protagonist creates a "distortion of space-time coordinates" from the effect scientific equipment has on a recently crashed meteor – which is energized with a mystery force. He uses the window in space-time and his knowledge of Einstein's relativity equations to rescue his fiancée from a shipwreck four thousand miles away and twelve hours and 40 minutes in the future.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Forever_War" title="The Forever War">The Forever War</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Haldeman" title="Joe Haldeman">Joe Haldeman</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>In the classic war novel interstellar travel is achieved through gateways located at collapsars. This is an early word for a <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a>, and the novel refers to the (now obsolete) theory that black holes may contain <a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Rosen_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Einstein–Rosen Bridge">Einstein–Rosen Bridges</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Contact_(novel)" title="Contact (novel)">Contact</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a></td> <td>1985</td> <td>In the novel a crew of five humans make a trip to the center of the Milky Way galaxy through a transportation system consisting of a series of wormholes.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The novel is notable in that <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a> advised Sagan on the possibilities of wormholes.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Likewise, wormholes are also central to the <a href="/wiki/Contact_(1997_US_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Contact (1997 US film)">film version</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vorkosigan_Saga" title="Vorkosigan Saga">Vorkosigan Saga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lois_McMaster_Bujold" title="Lois McMaster Bujold">Lois McMaster Bujold</a></td> <td>1986</td> <td>In the series naturally occurring wormholes form the basis for interstellar travel. The world of Barrayar was isolated from the rest of human civilization for centuries after the connecting wormhole collapsed, until a new route was discovered, and control over wormhole routes and jumps is the frequent subject of political plots and military campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-:3-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xeelee" class="mw-redirect" title="Xeelee">Xeelee</a> series</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author)" title="Stephen Baxter (author)">Stephen Baxter</a></td> <td>1989</td> <td>In the fictional world human beings use wormholes to traverse the solar system.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> A wormhole is also used in this universe to put a probe into the sun (the wormhole is utilized to cool the probe, throwing out solar material fast enough to keep the probe at operating temperatures). In his book Ring, the Xeelee construct a gigantic wormhole into a different universe which they use to escape the onslaught of the <a href="/wiki/Photino" title="Photino">Photino</a> birds.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Honorverse" title="Honorverse">Honorverse</a> series</td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Weber" title="David Weber">David Weber</a></td> <td>1994</td> <td>In this fictional universe, wormholes have an important impact in the economy of the different star nations, as it greatly reduces travel time between two different points. The Star Kingdom of Manticore, to which the main character belongs, is a powerful economic entity thanks to the Manticore Junction, a set of six (a seventh being discovered during the course of the books) wormholes, close to Manticore's binary system, that ensure much travel goes through their system. It also can play a role in the military side of things, but usage of the wormhole destabilizes it for a time proportional to the size of the starship using it.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/His_Dark_Materials" title="His Dark Materials">His Dark Materials</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_Pullman" title="Philip Pullman">Philip Pullman</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td>Wormholes are an immensely important plot device in the trilogy, with one first discovered by protagonist Will Parry, when fleeing from his home after an accidental murder; he finds a window in the air in an <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> street which leads to a totally different universe, the town of Cittagazze. In the rest of the trilogy, the other main characters use wormholes in the form of these extradimensional windows in order to travel "between worlds" and thus speed their journeys.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The An Unauthorized Adventure source only mentions wormhole in the Glossary. It's not clear if the supplied quote about transporting mass is intended to refer to the real world, or is an in-universe comment. (September 2018)">better source needed</a>]<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Einstein%27s_Bridge_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Einstein's Bridge (book)">Einstein's Bridge</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_G._Cramer" title="John G. Cramer">John G. Cramer</a></td> <td>1997</td> <td>The novel features travel via wormholes between alternate universes.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(novel)" title="Diaspora (novel)">Diaspora</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greg_Egan" title="Greg Egan">Greg Egan</a></td> <td>1997</td> <td>The novel features scientifically well founded depictions of wormholes.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Timeline_(novel)" title="Timeline (novel)">Timeline</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Crichton" title="Michael Crichton">Michael Crichton</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td>In the novel traversable wormholes are used for time travel along with the theory of <a href="/wiki/Quantum_foam" title="Quantum foam">quantum foam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Light_of_Other_Days" title="The Light of Other Days">The Light of Other Days</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author)" title="Stephen Baxter (author)">Stephen Baxter</a></td> <td>2000</td> <td>The novel discusses the problems which arise when a wormhole is used for faster-than-light communication. In the novel the authors suggest that wormholes can join points distant either in time or in space and postulate a world completely devoid of privacy as wormholes are increasingly used to spy on anyone at any time in the world's history.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Saga" title="Commonwealth Saga">Commonwealth Saga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_F._Hamilton" title="Peter F. Hamilton">Peter F. Hamilton</a></td> <td>2002</td> <td>The series describes how wormhole technology could be used to explore, colonize and connect to other worlds without having to resort to traditional travel via starships. This technology is the basis of the formation of the titular Intersolar Commonwealth, and is used so extensively that it is possible to ride trains between the planets of the Commonwealth.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Algebraist" title="The Algebraist">The Algebraist</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iain_M._Banks" class="mw-redirect" title="Iain M. Banks">Iain M. Banks</a></td> <td>2004</td> <td>In the novel traversable wormholes can be artificially created and are a central factor/resource in the stratification of space-faring civilizations.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/House_of_Suns" title="House of Suns">House of Suns</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alastair_Reynolds" title="Alastair Reynolds">Alastair Reynolds</a></td> <td>2008</td> <td>The novel features a wormhole to <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy" title="Andromeda Galaxy">Andromeda</a>. One main character also alludes to other wormhole mouths leading to galaxies in the <a href="/wiki/Local_Group" title="Local Group">Local Group</a> and beyond. In the books, all wormhole-linked galaxies are cloaked by Absences, which prevent information escaping the galaxy and thus protecting <a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">causality</a> from being violated by FTL travel.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palimpsest_(novella)" title="Palimpsest (novella)">Palimpsest</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stross" title="Charles Stross">Charles Stross</a></td> <td>2009</td> <td>An original story in the 2009 collection <a href="/wiki/Wireless:_The_Essential_Charles_Stross" title="Wireless: The Essential Charles Stross">Wireless: The Essential Charles Stross</a> – which won the 2010 <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Novella" title="Hugo Award for Best Novella">Hugo Award for Best Novella</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> – the protagonist creates and uses temporary wormholes to travel through both space and time.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>"Bright Moment"</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Marcus" title="Daniel Marcus">Daniel Marcus</a></td> <td>2011</td> <td>The short story includes a <a href="/wiki/Wormhole" title="Wormhole">wormhole</a> for interstellar travel, which can be collapsed to what the story calls a <a href="/wiki/Quantum_singularity" title="Quantum singularity">singularity</a> by a multi Gigaton <a href="/wiki/Thermonuclear_explosion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermonuclear explosion">thermonuclear explosion</a>. The story first appeared in <a href="/wiki/The_Magazine_of_Fantasy_%26_Science_Fiction" title="The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction">F&SF</a>, and was later narrated on the <a href="/wiki/Escape_Pod_(podcast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Escape Pod (podcast)">Escape Pod</a> <a href="/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">podcast</a>, episode 421.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Expanse_(novel_series)" title="The Expanse (novel series)">The Expanse</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_S._A._Corey" title="James S. A. Corey">James S.A Corey</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>A virus shot at the Solar System millions of years ago constructs a ring in space that creates a wormhole to another dimension which is a "hub" of 1373 wormholes that lead to other solar systems.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Waste of Space </td> <td>Gina Damico </td> <td>2017 </td> <td>This young-adult novel involves a secretive group of scientists dubbed NASAW (revealed at the end of the book to stand for the 'National Association for the Search of Atmospheric Wormholes') whose experiments create a wormhole that a protagonist travels through.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a>[better source needed]<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_music">In music</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In music">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Wormholes in music </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Album/Song</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Universal_Migrator_Part_2:_Flight_of_the_Migrator" title="Universal Migrator Part 2: Flight of the Migrator">Universal Migrator Part 2: Flight of the Migrator</a> </td> <td>On <a href="/wiki/Ayreon" title="Ayreon">Ayreon</a>'s album, <a href="/wiki/Universal_Migrator_Part_2:_Flight_of_the_Migrator" title="Universal Migrator Part 2: Flight of the Migrator">Universal Migrator Part 2: Flight of the Migrator</a>, a soul is sucked into a <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a> in the song "Into the Black Hole", goes through a <a href="/wiki/Wormhole" title="Wormhole">wormhole</a> in the song "Through the Wormhole", and leaves from a <a href="/wiki/White_hole" title="White hole">white hole</a> in the song "Out of the White Hole".<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Crack_the_Skye" title="Crack the Skye">Crack the Skye</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mastodon_(band)" title="Mastodon (band)">Mastodon</a>'s concept album <a href="/wiki/Crack_the_Skye" title="Crack the Skye">Crack the Skye</a> deals with a paraplegic child sucked into a wormhole.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_games">In games</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In games">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Wormholes in video games </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Game</th> <th class="unsortable">Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal_(video_game)" title="Portal (video game)">Portal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portal_2" title="Portal 2">Portal 2</a> </td> <td>The games <a href="/wiki/Portal_(video_game)" title="Portal (video game)">Portal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portal_2" title="Portal 2">Portal 2</a> are centered around the "Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device", also known as the "Portal Gun", a gun-shaped device that can create a temporary wormhole between two surfaces.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Rogue" title="Space Rogue">Space Rogue</a> </td> <td>The science fiction computer game <a href="/wiki/Space_Rogue" title="Space Rogue">Space Rogue</a> featured the use of technologically harnessed wormholes called "Malir gates" as mechanisms for interstellar travel. Navigation through the space within wormholes was a part of gameplay and had its own perils.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Freelancer_(computer_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freelancer (computer game)">Freelancer</a> </td> <td>Wormholes are also seen in the computer game <a href="/wiki/Freelancer_(computer_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freelancer (computer game)">Freelancer</a>, commonly referred as "jump holes". They are supposed to be black hole-like formations with ultra-high gravity amounts, that work like 'portals' for players to travel instantly between different star systems. The game also features "jump gates", which are described as devices capable of generating an artificial jump hole.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/DarkSpace" title="DarkSpace">Darkspace</a> </td> <td>In the <a href="/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_game" title="Massively multiplayer online game">Massively Multiplayer Online Game</a> <a href="/wiki/DarkSpace" title="DarkSpace">Darkspace</a>, a player-versus-player starship combat game, players can create short-term stable wormholes to traverse the game's universe instantly, rather than use the game's concept of <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">FTL</a> travel to move from point A to point B. Wormhole Generation Devices are only available on ships with higher rank requirements, usually Vice Admiral or above, and are most common on Space Stations.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Orion%27s_Arm" title="Orion's Arm">Orion's Arm</a> </td> <td>In the on-line fictional collaborative world-building project "<a href="/wiki/Orion%27s_Arm" title="Orion's Arm">Orion's Arm</a>", wormholes are used for communication and transport between the millions of colonies in the local part of the Milky way Galaxy. In an attempt to make the physics of the wormhole travel at least semi-plausible, large amounts of <a href="/wiki/Energy_condition" title="Energy condition">ANEC</a>-violating exotic energy are required to maintain the holes, which are nevertheless large objects which must be maintained on the outermost reaches of the planetary systems concerned.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/X_(game_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="X (game series)">X computer game series</a> </td> <td>In the <a href="/wiki/X_(game_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="X (game series)">X computer game series</a> by Egosoft, wormholes were established using Jump Gates, created by the Old Ones. These Jump Gates connected to many systems but not the Solar System. Humanity advanced to the technological level to create Jump Gate technology and discovered the already established gate network. Hundreds of years after cutting themselves off from the network to escape the Xenon, they created a Jumpdrive, allowing for travel between systems not connected directly via a gate. Different versions of Jumpdrives emerged with some being limited but stable, others being dangerously random.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Metroid_Prime_3:_Corruption" title="Metroid Prime 3: Corruption">Metroid Prime 3: Corruption</a> </td> <td>In <a href="/wiki/Metroid_Prime_3:_Corruption" title="Metroid Prime 3: Corruption">Metroid Prime 3: Corruption</a>, Phazon-based organic meteors called Leviathans create wormholes to travel from Phaaze (the living planet they are "born" in) to other planets. They do this to "corrupt" the planet and any beings able to survive the Phazon into Phazon-based creatures. The planet would then progress into changing its environment until it becomes another planet like Phaaze. The Galactic Federation took control of one with Samus Aran's assistance, and used it to travel to and destroy Phaaze.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Far_Gate" title="Far Gate">Far Gate</a> </td> <td>Wormholes are used frequently in <a href="/wiki/Far_Gate" title="Far Gate">Far Gate</a> as a means of transporting spacecraft across interstellar distances.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Shattered_Universe" title="Star Trek: Shattered Universe">Star Trek: Shattered Universe</a> </td> <td>In <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Shattered_Universe" title="Star Trek: Shattered Universe">Star Trek: Shattered Universe</a>, while in the <a href="/wiki/Mirror_Universe" title="Mirror Universe">Mirror Universe</a>, the USS Excelsior (NCC-2000) encounters a wormhole similar to the one the <a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_NCC-1701" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Enterprise NCC-1701">USS Enterprise NCC-1701</a> in Star Trek: The Motion Picture the player must defend Excelsior from on coming asteroids and pursuing Starships of the <a href="/wiki/Terran_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Terran Empire">Terran Empire</a>, the evil Mirror Universe counterpart of the <a href="/wiki/United_Federation_of_Planets" title="United Federation of Planets">United Federation of Planets</a>, until the ship can exit the wormhole.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Crysis_3" title="Crysis 3">Crysis 3</a> </td> <td>In <a href="/wiki/Crysis_3" title="Crysis 3">Crysis 3</a>, the Alpha Ceph combines its energy with the energy of a C.E.L.L. orbital strike to create an <a href="/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Rosen_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Einstein–Rosen Bridge">Einstein–Rosen Bridge</a>, thus allowing a Stage Three Ceph Invasion Force to be rapidly transported from <a href="/wiki/Messier_33" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 33">Messier 33</a> to Earth in a matter of minutes.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EVE_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="EVE Online">EVE Online</a> </td> <td>Stargates, also known as jump gates, are the primary means of interstellar travel for players in EVE Online. In-universe, the exact way in which jump gates function is unknown: "While functions of jump gates are well known from a theoretical point of view, there still remain a lot of unanswered questions about the fundamentals of dimensional inter-connections."<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> In 2009, the expansion Apocrypha added wormholes to the game, which differ from stargates by being less stable and more random and adding an entire new dimension to the game.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stellaris_(video_game)" title="Stellaris (video game)">Stellaris</a> </td> <td>The science-fiction strategy game <a href="/wiki/Stellaris_(video_game)" title="Stellaris (video game)">Stellaris</a> features wormholes spread throughout the galaxy. The player may research technology to stabilize wormholes and travel through them to reach a linked wormhole elsewhere in the galaxy.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Command_%26_Conquer_3:_Tiberium_Wars" title="Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars">Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars</a> </td> <td>One of the three main factions, the Scrin, can construct a "Rift Generator", their in-game superweapon, which creates a wormhole that pulls in nearby units to deep space.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Additionally, The Scrin have an ability to create wormholes to instantly teleport units around the battlefield, so long as they have a building called "Signal Transmitter". </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_television_and_film_fiction">In television and film fiction</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In television and film fiction">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Film/episode</th> <th class="unsortable!">Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Triangle_(miniseries)" title="The Triangle (miniseries)">The Triangle</a> </td> <td>The 2005 three-part US-British-German science fiction miniseries <a href="/wiki/The_Triangle_(miniseries)" title="The Triangle (miniseries)">The Triangle</a> uses a wormhole to explain mysterious disappearances in the <a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Triangle" title="Bermuda Triangle">Bermuda Triangle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Invader_Zim" title="Invader Zim">Invader Zim</a> </td> <td>In an episode of the animated series <a href="/wiki/Invader_Zim" title="Invader Zim">Invader Zim</a> wherein <a href="/wiki/Zim_(Invader_Zim)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zim (Invader Zim)">Zim</a>, in order to get rid of <a href="/wiki/Dib_(Invader_Zim)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dib (Invader Zim)">Dib</a> and his horrible classmates once and for all, utilizes a wormhole to send Dib and the other Skoolkids on a one-way busride to an alternate dimension containing a room with a moose. However, Dib discovers Zim's plan, and taking advantage of a fork in the wormhole, is able to transport the bus back to Earth.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Event_Horizon_(film)" title="Event Horizon (film)">Event Horizon</a> </td> <td>In the movie <a href="/wiki/Event_Horizon_(film)" title="Event Horizon (film)">Event Horizon</a>, the titular ship is designed to create an artificial wormhole. However, the wormhole doesn't lead to anywhere in the known universe, but to an alternate, horrific reality.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fringe_(TV_series)" title="Fringe (TV series)">Fringe</a> </td> <td>In the television series <a href="/wiki/Fringe_(TV_series)" title="Fringe (TV series)">Fringe</a>, the main storyline is the investigation of an unusual series of events and scientific experiments called the Pattern. In the second-season episode "Peter" it's revealed that the root cause of the Pattern was an incident in 1985 where Dr. <a href="/wiki/Walter_Bishop_(Fringe)" title="Walter Bishop (Fringe)">Walter Bishop</a> opened a wormhole into an alternate universe so that he may cure the alternate version of his terminally ill son, Peter (who had died in our universe). By crossing the wormhole, Dr. Bishop disrupted the fundamental laws of nature and weakened the fabric of <a href="/wiki/Space-time" class="mw-redirect" title="Space-time">space-time</a>, causing incalculable destruction in the alternate universe and forcing them to seek a way to repair the damage caused and save their existence.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Power_Rangers_Time_Force" title="Power Rangers Time Force">Power Rangers Time Force</a> </td> <td>In <a href="/wiki/Power_Rangers_Time_Force" title="Power Rangers Time Force">Power Rangers Time Force</a>, artificial Temporal Wormholes were used extensively for the delivery of the Time Fliers to travel to the past to aid the Rangers and was also used by Wes, Eric and Commandocon to travel to prehistoric times to recover the Quantasaurus Rex. In <a href="/wiki/Power_Rangers_SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="Power Rangers SPD">Power Rangers SPD</a>, in the episode Wormhole, Gruumm and later the SPD Rangers used a "Temporal Wormole" to travel from 2025 to 2004 to battle with the Dino Thunder Rangers in early 21st century Reefside.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Vanishing_Act_(The_Outer_Limits)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanishing Act (The Outer Limits)">Vanishing Act</a>" (<a href="/wiki/The_Outer_Limits_(1995_TV_series)" title="The Outer Limits (1995 TV series)">The Outer Limits</a> episode) </td> <td>The 21st episode of the 1995 Canadian science fiction TV series The Outer Limits, "Vanishing Act", tells the story of a man who is abducted by an alien race through wormholes and later returned to his family every ten years.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sliders_(TV_series)" title="Sliders (TV series)">Sliders</a> </td> <td>In the FOX/Sci-Fi series <a href="/wiki/Sliders_(TV_series)" title="Sliders (TV series)">Sliders</a>, a method is found to create a wormhole that allows travel not between distant points but between different <a href="/wiki/Parallel_universe_(fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallel universe (fiction)">parallel universes</a>;<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> objects or people that travel through the wormhole begin and end in the same location geographically (e.g. if one leaves San Francisco, one will arrive in an alternate San Francisco) and chronologically (if it is 1999 at the origin point, so it is at the destination, at least by the currently accepted calendar on our Earth.)<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Early in the series, the wormhole is referred to by the name "Einstein–Rosen–Podolsky bridge," apparently a merging of the concepts of an Einstein–Rosen bridge and the <a href="/wiki/EPR_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="EPR paradox">Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox</a>, a thought-experiment in quantum mechanics.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>]<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>] This series presumes that we exist as part of a <a href="/wiki/Multiverse" title="Multiverse">multiverse</a> and asks what might have resulted had major or minor events in history occurred differently; the wormholes in the series allow access to the alternate universes in which the series is set. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_Vu_(2006_film)" title="Déjà Vu (2006 film)">Déjà Vu</a> </td> <td>The 2006 film <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_Vu_(2006_film)" title="Déjà Vu (2006 film)">Déjà Vu</a> is based on a phenomenon caused by a wormhole, specifically referred to as an Einstein–Rosen Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Room" title="The Lost Room">The Lost Room</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Room" title="The Lost Room">The Lost Room</a> is a science fiction television miniseries that aired on the Sci Fi Channel in the United States. The main character is allowed to travel around the planet when using a special key together with any kind of door, leading him to random locations. The key is part of a series of different artifacts, coming from an alternate reality.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_%26_Ted%27s_Excellent_Adventure" title="Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure">Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_%26_Ted%27s_Excellent_Adventure" title="Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure">Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure</a> is a 1989 American science fiction–comedy buddy film and the first film in the Bill & Ted franchise in which two metalhead slackers travel through a temporal wormhole in order to assemble a menagerie of historical figures for their high school history presentation.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primeval:_New_World" title="Primeval: New World">Primeval: New World</a> </td> <td>In the <a href="/wiki/Primeval_(TV_series)" title="Primeval (TV series)">Primeval</a> spin-off series <a href="/wiki/Primeval:_New_World" title="Primeval: New World">Primeval: New World</a>, Lt. Kenneth Leeds theorizes that the <a href="/wiki/Anomaly_(Primeval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anomaly (Primeval)">anomalies</a>, the central plot point of the series which allow dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures into the present day, are Einstein–Rosen Bridges after discovering the Spaghetti Junction in the Season 1 finale. However, this seems unlikely since they do not exist within black holes and do not allow travel across distances beyond the Earth yet, only through time.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rick_and_Morty" title="Rick and Morty">Rick and Morty</a> </td> <td>In the animated show, the main protagonist Rick Sanchez uses what's referred to as a 'portal gun' as a plot device to travel to different universes, dimensions and realities. Despite being described by <a href="/wiki/Adult_Swim" title="Adult Swim">Adult Swim</a> as its "most scientifically accurate animated comedy", the rules of inter-dimensional travel are usually played for laughs, often spoofing common science fiction tropes and popular culture approaches to the multiverse.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Voltron:_Legendary_Defender" title="Voltron: Legendary Defender">Voltron: Legendary Defender</a> </td> <td>In the animated show, the main way of travel in space are Wormholes, created by the power of Altean Magic. The show's protagonist use wormholes to escape dangerous situation or to fly away from a fight.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_(film)" title="Interstellar (film)">Interstellar</a> </td> <td>In the 2014 film <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_(film)" title="Interstellar (film)">Interstellar</a>, scientists at <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> discover a wormhole orbiting the planet of <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>, and send a team to travel through it to a distant galaxy in order to find a new home for the human race before Earth is unfit for life. The wormhole takes them halfway across the observable universe to another star system, containing a huge black hole named Gargantua. This new system has three candidate planets for re-seeding the human race, two of which orbit the black hole. In the movie, the wormhole is implied to have been placed there by future humans for the present humans to find a new home. The wormhole is described as the surface of a ball.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Flash_(2014_TV_series)" title="The Flash (2014 TV series)">The Flash</a> </td> <td>In the CW Network Superhero sci-fi, wormholes play a vital role in the series.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Strange_Days_at_Blake_Holsey_High" title="Strange Days at Blake Holsey High">Strange Days at Blake Holsey High</a> </td> <td>The television program features a wormhole that can lead to either the future or the past.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Futurama" title="Futurama">Futurama</a> </td> <td>In the final scene of the <a href="/wiki/Direct-to-video" title="Direct-to-video">direct-to-video</a> movie, <a href="/wiki/Into_the_Wild_Green_Yonder" class="mw-redirect" title="Into the Wild Green Yonder">Into the Wild Green Yonder</a>, the series protagonists travel through a wormhole.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> The movie also features black holes as part of Leo Wong's golf course.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> In the episode following the movie, <a href="/wiki/Rebirth_(Futurama)" title="Rebirth (Futurama)">Rebirth</a>, Professor Farnsworth names the wormhole as the Panama Wormhole, after the Panama Canal, calling it as "Earth's central channel for shipping."<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> The characters also travel through a wormhole back to the year 1947 and back to the future in the December 8, 2001, episode, <a href="/wiki/Roswell_That_Ends_Well" title="Roswell That Ends Well">Roswell That Ends Well</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mirakel" title="Mirakel">Mirakel</a> </td> <td>In 2020, two Swedish scientists, Vilgot and Anna-Karin, develop an artificial wormhole (also known as an artificial black hole) in an attempt to control the electricity market. It malfunctions and instead causes two girls, Mira in 2020 and Rakel in 1920, to travel through time and swap bodies with each other.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boom_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Boom tube">Boom tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_bridge_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Space bridge (disambiguation)">Space bridge</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTaylor_Redd2017" class="citation news cs1">Taylor Redd, Nola (October 21, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/20881-wormholes.html">"What is a Wormhole?"</a>. 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Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland. pp. 22–37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786467907" title="Special:BookSources/9780786467907"><bdi>9780786467907</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=War+and+Peace+by+Woody+Allen+or%2C+How+I+Learned+to+Stop+Worrying+and+Love+the+Wormhole+Weapon&rft.btitle=The+Worlds+of+Farscape%3A+Essays+on+the+Groundbreaking+Television+Series&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC+and+London&rft.series=Critical+Explorations+in+Science+Fiction+and+Fantasy&rft.pages=22-37&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780786467907&rft.aulast=Guffey&rft.aufirst=Ensley+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaQs3AAAAQBAJ%26q%3DFarscape%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShankel2011" class="citation news cs1">Shankel, Jason (November 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-are-the-absolutely-essential-episodes-of-farscape-5859054">"What are the absolutely essential episodes of Farscape?"</a>. io9. 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New York: SUNY Press. p. 166. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438416359" title="Special:BookSources/9781438416359"><bdi>9781438416359</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Outward+Voyage+and+the+Inward+Search%3A+Star+Trek+Motion+Pictures+and+the+Spiritual+Quest&rft.btitle=Star+Trek+and+Sacred+Ground%3A+Explorations+of+Star+Trek%2C+Religion%2C+and+American+Culture&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=166&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781438416359&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZwXjYLx3fvMC%26q%3Dstar%2Btrek%2BV%2527ger%2Bblack%2Bhole%26pg%3DPA166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkudaOkudaMirek1999" class="citation book cs1">Okuda, Michael; Okuda, Denise; Mirek, Debbie (1999) [1994]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cbYf2l7gczUC&q=star+trek+Bajoran+Wormhole&pg=PT122">The Star Trek Encyclopedia</a>. 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Enterprise Haynes Manual</a>. 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Religion and Doctor Who: Time and Relative Dimensions in Faith. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781630874605" title="Special:BookSources/9781630874605"><bdi>9781630874605</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Religion+in+Doctor+Who%3A+Cult+Ethics&rft.btitle=Religion+and+Doctor+Who%3A+Time+and+Relative+Dimensions+in+Faith&rft.place=Eugene%2C+OR&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781630874605&rft.aulast=Waltonen&rft.aufirst=Karma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCZ0NBQAAQBAJ%26q%3Ddoctor%2Bwho%2Btime%2Bvortex%2Btime%2Blords%26pg%3DPA154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParsons2007" class="citation book cs1">Parsons, Paul (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpE_AQAAIAAJ&q=time+vortex+TARDIS">The Science of Doctor Who</a>. Cambridge: Icon. pp. 31–47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781840467376" title="Special:BookSources/9781840467376"><bdi>9781840467376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Doctor+Who&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=31-47&rft.pub=Icon&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781840467376&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpE_AQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dtime%2Bvortex%2BTARDIS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrei2011" class="citation web cs1">Frei, Vincent (June 30, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artofvfx.com/thor-paul-butterworth-superviseur-vfx-fuel-vfx/">"THOR: Paul Butterworth – VFX Supervisor & Co-founder – Fuel VFX"</a>. The Art of VFX. Retrieved March 7, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Art+of+VFX&rft.atitle=THOR%3A+Paul+Butterworth+%E2%80%93+VFX+Supervisor+%26+Co-founder+%E2%80%93+Fuel+VFX&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft.aulast=Frei&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artofvfx.com%2Fthor-paul-butterworth-superviseur-vfx-fuel-vfx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'SullivanTeam2017" class="citation book cs1">O'Sullivan, Mike; Team, Ohotmu (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w6YKDgAAQBAJ&q=einstein-rosen+bridge+marvel&pg=PT81">Marvel Cinematic Universe Guidebook: The Avengers Initiative</a>. Marvel Entertainment. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781302496920" title="Special:BookSources/9781302496920"><bdi>9781302496920</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marvel+Cinematic+Universe+Guidebook%3A+The+Avengers+Initiative&rft.pub=Marvel+Entertainment&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781302496920&rft.aulast=O%27Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Team%2C+Ohotmu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw6YKDgAAQBAJ%26q%3Deinstein-rosen%2Bbridge%2Bmarvel%26pg%3DPT81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2018" class="citation book cs1">White, Christopher G. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VkRMDwAAQBAJ&q=avengers+tesseract+wormhole&pg=PA240">Other Worlds: Spirituality and the Search for Invisible Dimensions</a>. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674984295" title="Special:BookSources/9780674984295"><bdi>9780674984295</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Other+Worlds%3A+Spirituality+and+the+Search+for+Invisible+Dimensions&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA+and+London&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780674984295&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Christopher+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVkRMDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Davengers%2Btesseract%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrode2015" class="citation book cs1">Brode, Douglas (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNu5CgAAQBAJ&q=avengers+tesseract+wormhole&pg=PA361">Fantastic Planets, Forbidden Zones, and Lost Continents: The 100 Greatest Science-Fiction Films</a>. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p. 361. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781477302477" title="Special:BookSources/9781477302477"><bdi>9781477302477</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fantastic+Planets%2C+Forbidden+Zones%2C+and+Lost+Continents%3A+The+100+Greatest+Science-Fiction+Films&rft.place=Austin%2C+TX&rft.pages=361&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781477302477&rft.aulast=Brode&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNu5CgAAQBAJ%26q%3Davengers%2Btesseract%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDudenhoeffer2017" class="citation book cs1">Dudenhoeffer, Larrie (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YB4xDwAAQBAJ&q=bifrost+wormhole+thor&pg=PA64">Anatomy of the Superhero Film</a>. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. 63–64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319579221" title="Special:BookSources/9783319579221"><bdi>9783319579221</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy+of+the+Superhero+Film&rft.place=Cham%2C+Switzerland&rft.pages=63-64&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783319579221&rft.aulast=Dudenhoeffer&rft.aufirst=Larrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYB4xDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dbifrost%2Bwormhole%2Bthor%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlvarado2019" class="citation book cs1">Alvarado, Sebastian (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n-uADwAAQBAJ&q=einstein%3Drosen+bridge+marvel&pg=PA175">The Science of Marvel: From Infinity Stones to Iron Man's Armor, the Real Science Behind the MCU Revealed!</a>. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, New Delhi: Simon and Schuster. p. 175. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781507209981" title="Special:BookSources/9781507209981"><bdi>9781507209981</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Marvel%3A+From+Infinity+Stones+to+Iron+Man%27s+Armor%2C+the+Real+Science+Behind+the+MCU+Revealed%21&rft.place=New+York%2C+London%2C+Toronto%2C+Sydney%2C+New+Delhi&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781507209981&rft.aulast=Alvarado&rft.aufirst=Sebastian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn-uADwAAQBAJ%26q%3Deinstein%253Drosen%2Bbridge%2Bmarvel%26pg%3DPA175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarber2019" class="citation book cs1">Farber, Ryan Jeffrey (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0vWCDwAAQBAJ&q=thor+sakaar+wormholes&pg=PA15">Parallel Universes Explained</a>. New York: Enslow Publishing, LLC. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781978504400" title="Special:BookSources/9781978504400"><bdi>9781978504400</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parallel+Universes+Explained&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Enslow+Publishing%2C+LLC&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781978504400&rft.aulast=Farber&rft.aufirst=Ryan+Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0vWCDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dthor%2Bsakaar%2Bwormholes%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogg2017" class="citation web cs1">Hogg, Trevor (December 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.awn.com/vfxworld/wormholes-scrappers-double-negative-delivers-visual-feast-thor-ragnarok">"Wormholes & Scrappers: Double Negative Delivers Visual Feast for 'Thor: Ragnarok'"</a>. Animation World Network. Retrieved March 7, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Animation+World+Network&rft.atitle=Wormholes+%26+Scrappers%3A+Double+Negative+Delivers+Visual+Feast+for+%27Thor%3A+Ragnarok%27&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft.aulast=Hogg&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.awn.com%2Fvfxworld%2Fwormholes-scrappers-double-negative-delivers-visual-feast-thor-ragnarok&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeldon2018" class="citation web cs1">Weldon, Glen (April 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/04/16/601138466/heres-what-you-need-to-know-about-infinity-stones-before-the-new-avengers-movie">"Here's What You Need To Know About Infinity Stones Before The New Avengers Movie"</a>. NPR.org. Retrieved March 7, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=Here%27s+What+You+Need+To+Know+About+Infinity+Stones+Before+The+New+Avengers+Movie&rft.date=2018-04-16&rft.aulast=Weldon&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2018%2F04%2F16%2F601138466%2Fheres-what-you-need-to-know-about-infinity-stones-before-the-new-avengers-movie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/20881-wormholes.html">"What is a Wormhole?"</a>. Space.com. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Wormhole%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F20881-wormholes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindley2005" class="citation journal cs1">Lindley, David (March 25, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physics.aps.org/story/v15/st11">"Focus: The Birth of Wormholes"</a>. Physics. 15 (1): 11. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1935PhRv...48...73E">1935PhRv...48...73E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRev.48.73">10.1103/PhysRev.48.73</a>. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics&rft.atitle=Focus%3A+The+Birth+of+Wormholes&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=11&rft.date=2005-03-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRev.48.73&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1935PhRv...48...73E&rft.aulast=Lindley&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphysics.aps.org%2Fstory%2Fv15%2Fst11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson" class="citation web cs1">Williamson, Jack. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/30166/30166-h/30166-h.htm#The_Meteor_Girl">"Astounding Stories, March, 1931 by Various"</a>. Retrieved September 10, 2018 – via Project Gutenberg. <q>It's hard to explain without mathematical language. You might say that we are looking through a hole in space. The new force in the meteorite, amplified by the X-rays and the magnetic field, is causing a distortion of space-time coordinates. You know that a gravitational field bends light; the light of a star is deflected in passing the sun. The field of this meteorite bends light through space-time, through the four-dimensional continuum. That scrap of ocean we can see may be on the other side of the earth.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Astounding+Stories%2C+March%2C+1931+by+Various&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F30166%2F30166-h%2F30166-h.htm%23The_Meteor_Girl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStableford2006" class="citation book cs1">Stableford, Brian (2006). "Meteorite". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sciencefactscien0000stab">Science Fact and Science Fiction: An Encyclopedia</a>. New York & London: Routledge. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sciencefactscien0000stab/page/302">302</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135923747" title="Special:BookSources/9781135923747"><bdi>9781135923747</bdi></a>. <q>jack williamson the meteor girl.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Meteorite&rft.btitle=Science+Fact+and+Science+Fiction%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York+%26+London&rft.pages=302&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9781135923747&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsciencefactscien0000stab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrider2012" class="citation web cs1">Strider, Jessica (July 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfsignal.com/archives/2012/07/book-review-the-forever-war-by-joe-haldeman/">"BOOK REVIEW: The Forever War by Joe Haldeman"</a>. SF Signal. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SF+Signal&rft.atitle=BOOK+REVIEW%3A+The+Forever+War+by+Joe+Haldeman&rft.date=2012-07-13&rft.aulast=Strider&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfsignal.com%2Farchives%2F2012%2F07%2Fbook-review-the-forever-war-by-joe-haldeman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrezina2019" class="citation book cs1">Brezina, Corona (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w9hoDwAAQBAJ&q=the+forever+war+space+einstein-rosen&pg=PA37">Time Travel</a>. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781508180487" title="Special:BookSources/9781508180487"><bdi>9781508180487</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Travel&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group%2C+Inc&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781508180487&rft.aulast=Brezina&rft.aufirst=Corona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw9hoDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dthe%2Bforever%2Bwar%2Bspace%2Beinstein-rosen%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThorne1997" class="citation book cs1">Thorne, Kip (1997). "Do the Laws of Physics Permit Wormholes for Interstellar Travel and Machines for Time Travel?". In <a href="/wiki/Yervant_Terzian" title="Yervant Terzian">Terzian, Yervant</a>; Bilson, Elizabeth (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521576031">Carl Sagan's Universe</a>. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521576031/page/121">121</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521576031" title="Special:BookSources/9780521576031"><bdi>9780521576031</bdi></a>. <q>contact wormholes carl sagan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Do+the+Laws+of+Physics+Permit+Wormholes+for+Interstellar+Travel+and+Machines+for+Time+Travel%3F&rft.btitle=Carl+Sagan%27s+Universe&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+New+York%2C+Melbourne&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780521576031&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Kip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780521576031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhiteside" class="citation web cs1">Whiteside, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.st-v-sw.net/Obsidian/Martin/worm.htm">"Black Holes and Einstein Rosen Bridges"</a>. www.st-v-sw.net. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.st-v-sw.net&rft.atitle=Black+Holes+and+Einstein+Rosen+Bridges&rft.aulast=Whiteside&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.st-v-sw.net%2FObsidian%2FMartin%2Fworm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSagan1985" class="citation book cs1">Sagan, Carl (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MbSBDwAAQBAJ&q=contact+kip+thorne&pg=PA373">"Author's Note"</a>. Contact. New York, London Toronto, Sydney, New Delhi: Simon and Schuster. p. 373. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781501197987" title="Special:BookSources/9781501197987"><bdi>9781501197987</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Author%27s+Note&rft.btitle=Contact&rft.place=New+York%2C+London+Toronto%2C+Sydney%2C+New+Delhi&rft.pages=373&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=9781501197987&rft.aulast=Sagan&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMbSBDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcontact%2Bkip%2Bthorne%26pg%3DPA373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWall2014" class="citation web cs1">Wall, Mike (November 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/27845-interstellar-movie-wormhole-travel-feasibility.html">"'Interstellar' Science: Is Wormhole Travel Possible?"</a>. Space.com. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=%27Interstellar%27+Science%3A+Is+Wormhole+Travel+Possible%3F&rft.date=2014-11-24&rft.aulast=Wall&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F27845-interstellar-movie-wormhole-travel-feasibility.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-52"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetersen2013" class="citation book cs1">Petersen, Carolyn Collins (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QyCQDgAAQBAJ&q=a+wrinkle+in+time+wormhole&pg=PA155">Astronomy 101: From the Sun and Moon to Wormholes and Warp Drive, Key Theories, Discoveries, and Facts about the Universe</a>. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, New Delhi: Simon and Schuster. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781440563591" title="Special:BookSources/9781440563591"><bdi>9781440563591</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Astronomy+101%3A+From+the+Sun+and+Moon+to+Wormholes+and+Warp+Drive%2C+Key+Theories%2C+Discoveries%2C+and+Facts+about+the+Universe&rft.place=New+York%2C+London%2C+Toronto%2C+Sydney%2C+New+Delhi&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781440563591&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+Collins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQyCQDgAAQBAJ%26q%3Da%2Bwrinkle%2Bin%2Btime%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBujold2008" class="citation book cs1">Bujold, Lois McMaster (2008). Stewart Carl, Lilian; Helfers, John (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lr50CwAAQBAJ&q=vorkosigan+saga+wormholes&pg=PT411">The Vorkosigan Companion</a>. Riverdale, NY: Baen Publishing Enterprises. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781618247063" title="Special:BookSources/9781618247063"><bdi>9781618247063</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vorkosigan+Companion&rft.place=Riverdale%2C+NY&rft.pub=Baen+Publishing+Enterprises&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781618247063&rft.aulast=Bujold&rft.aufirst=Lois+McMaster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLr50CwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dvorkosigan%2Bsaga%2Bwormholes%26pg%3DPT411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowie" class="citation web cs1">Cowie, Jonathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concatenation.org/frev/baxter_vengence.html">"Review of Xeelee Vengeance by Stephen Baxter"</a>. www.concatenation.org. Retrieved September 10, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.concatenation.org&rft.atitle=Review+of+Xeelee+Vengeance+by+Stephen+Baxter&rft.aulast=Cowie&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.concatenation.org%2Ffrev%2Fbaxter_vengence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsomba2013" class="citation book cs1">Esomba, Steve (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k5rFBgAAQBAJ&q=stephen+baxter+ring+wormhole&pg=PA207">Moving Cameras and Living Movies</a>. Morisville, NC: Lulu.com. p. 207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781291351576" title="Special:BookSources/9781291351576"><bdi>9781291351576</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moving+Cameras+and+Living+Movies&rft.place=Morisville%2C+NC&rft.pages=207&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781291351576&rft.aulast=Esomba&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk5rFBgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dstephen%2Bbaxter%2Bring%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeber2013" class="citation book cs1">Weber, David (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bph0CwAAQBAJ&q=wormhole">House of Steel: The Honorverse Companion</a>. Riverdale, NY: Baen Publishing Enterprises. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781625790989" title="Special:BookSources/9781625790989"><bdi>9781625790989</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=House+of+Steel%3A+The+Honorverse+Companion&rft.place=Riverdale%2C+NY&rft.pub=Baen+Publishing+Enterprises&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781625790989&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBph0CwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dwormhole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGresh2007" class="citation book cs1">Gresh, Lois H. (October 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZefkaKzVQQMC&pg=PA201">Exploring Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials: An Unauthorized Adventure Through The Golden Compass, The Subtle Knife, and The Amber Spyglass</a>. New York: St. Martin's Press / Macmillan. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780312347437" title="Special:BookSources/9780312347437"><bdi>9780312347437</bdi></a>. <q>Wormhole. Multiply connected spaces, passages between universes. It's unknown at this time whether mass can travel through a wormhole without being destabilized or destroyed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Philip+Pullman%27s+His+Dark+Materials%3A+An+Unauthorized+Adventure+Through+The+Golden+Compass%2C+The+Subtle+Knife%2C+and+The+Amber+Spyglass&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press+%2F+Macmillan&rft.date=2007-10-30&rft.isbn=9780312347437&rft.aulast=Gresh&rft.aufirst=Lois+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZefkaKzVQQMC%26pg%3DPA201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCousin2013" class="citation book cs1">Cousin, Geraldine (July 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QPtrBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT146">Playing for time: Stories of lost children, ghosts and the endangered present in contemporary theatre</a>. Manchester University Press. p. 146. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781847795489" title="Special:BookSources/9781847795489"><bdi>9781847795489</bdi></a> – via Google Books. <q>The windows in His Dark Materials are the equivalent of wormholes, and Lyra and Will use them to journey between parallel worlds.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Playing+for+time%3A+Stories+of+lost+children%2C+ghosts+and+the+endangered+present+in+contemporary+theatre&rft.pages=146&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2013-07-19&rft.isbn=9781847795489&rft.aulast=Cousin&rft.aufirst=Geraldine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQPtrBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNahin2016" class="citation book cs1">Nahin, Paul J. (December 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4NfJDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA378">Time Machine Tales: The Science Fiction Adventures and Philosophical Puzzles of Time Travel</a>. Springer. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319488646" title="Special:BookSources/9783319488646"><bdi>9783319488646</bdi></a> – via Google Books. <q>The general theory of relativity predicts the existence of wormholes in spacetime and, in fact, they were first 'discovered' theoretically in the mathematics of relativity as early as 1916 by the Viennese physicist Ludwig Flamm (1885-1964). Later analyses were done by Einstein, himself. Wormholes have been discussed as a possible model for pulsars (as opposed to the more usual model as rotating neutron stars). It has also been suggested that the interior of a charged black hole may be the entrance to a wormhole. All of these various solutions to the gravitational field equations are generically called 'Einstein-Rosen bridges' in the physics literature (see note 81 for example), and the term soon appeared in fiction, too. [Note 83: See, for example, J. G. Cramer, Einstein's Bridge, Avon 1977]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Machine+Tales%3A+The+Science+Fiction+Adventures+and+Philosophical+Puzzles+of+Time+Travel&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016-12-24&rft.isbn=9783319488646&rft.aulast=Nahin&rft.aufirst=Paul+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4NfJDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalpern2009" class="citation book cs1">Halpern, Paul (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/collidersearchfo0000halp">Collider: The Search for the World's Smallest Particles</a>. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/collidersearchfo0000halp/page/222">222</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470286203" title="Special:BookSources/9780470286203"><bdi>9780470286203</bdi></a>. <q>Cramer Einstein's Bridge wormhole.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collider%3A+The+Search+for+the+World%27s+Smallest+Particles&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pages=222&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780470286203&rft.aulast=Halpern&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcollidersearchfo0000halp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCramer2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Cramer, John G. (March 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npl.washington.edu/av/altvw143.html">"All About Teleportation"</a>. Analog Science Fiction & Fact. July / August 2008 – via Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics (CENPA) - University of Washington.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analog+Science+Fiction+%26+Fact&rft.atitle=All+About+Teleportation&rft.volume=July+%2F+August+2008&rft.date=2008-03-08&rft.aulast=Cramer&rft.aufirst=John+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npl.washington.edu%2Fav%2Faltvw143.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolf2012" class="citation book cs1">Wolf, Mark J. P. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rc6HgH34s0wC&q=Greg+Egan+diaspora+wormhole&pg=PT175">Building Imaginary Worlds: The Theory and History of Subcreation</a>. New York and London: Routledge. p. 174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136220807" title="Special:BookSources/9781136220807"><bdi>9781136220807</bdi></a>. <q>In his novel Diaspora (1998), Greg Egan invents new theories of physics including Kozuch Theory, which views elementary particles as six-dimensional wormholes</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+Imaginary+Worlds%3A+The+Theory+and+History+of+Subcreation&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781136220807&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Mark+J.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drc6HgH34s0wC%26q%3DGreg%2BEgan%2Bdiaspora%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPT175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgan2008" class="citation web cs1">Egan, Greg (February 26, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gregegan.net/DIASPORA/09/09.html">"Chapter 9: Degrees of Freedom - Wormholes in Kozuch Theory"</a>. www.gregegan.net. 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Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476673356" title="Special:BookSources/9781476673356"><bdi>9781476673356</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Magic+in+Heavy+Metal+Music&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781476673356&rft.aulast=McParland&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvCxfDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DUniversal%2BMigrator%2BPart%2B2%253A%2BFlight%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMigrator%26pg%3DPT192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen" class="citation magazine cs1">Cohen, Johathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/269316/update-mastodon-to-play-complete-skye-on-north-american-tour">"Update: Mastodon To Play Complete 'Skye' On North American Tour"</a>. Billboard. Retrieved September 10, 2018. <q>It's about a crippled young man who experiments with astral travel. He goes up into outer space, goes too close to the sun, gets his golden umbilical cord burned off, flies into a wormhole, is thrust into the spirit real, has conversations with spirits about the fact that he's not really dead, and they decide to help him.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Update%3A+Mastodon+To+Play+Complete+%27Skye%27+On+North+American+Tour&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Johathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F269316%2Fupdate-mastodon-to-play-complete-skye-on-north-american-tour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcPadden2012" class="citation book cs1">McPadden, Mike (May 1, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9o978TWC1hAC&pg=PT111">If You Like Metallica...: Here Are Over 200 Bands, CDs, Movies, and Other Oddities That You Will Love</a>. Backbeat Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476813578" title="Special:BookSources/9781476813578"><bdi>9781476813578</bdi></a>. <q>Two thousand nine's Crack the Skye concerns the time-space wormhole travels of an astral-projecting paraplegic who enters Rasputin's body to battle the devil.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+You+Like+Metallica...%3A+Here+Are+Over+200+Bands%2C+CDs%2C+Movies%2C+and+Other+Oddities+That+You+Will+Love&rft.pub=Backbeat+Books&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.isbn=9781476813578&rft.aulast=McPadden&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9o978TWC1hAC%26pg%3DPT111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox2012" class="citation news cs1">Cox, Caleb (February 9, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/02/09/valve_portal_gun_to_shoot_onto_shelves_soon/">"Life-size Portal gun to shoot onto shelves soon"</a>. 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Boca Raton, FL, London and New York: CRC Press. p. 437. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781482203899" title="Special:BookSources/9781482203899"><bdi>9781482203899</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+Fiction+Video+Games&rft.place=Boca+Raton%2C+FL%2C+London+and+New+York&rft.pages=437&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781482203899&rft.aulast=Tringham&rft.aufirst=Neal+Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQH3SBQAAQBAJ%26q%3DX%2Bvideo%2Bgame%2Bwormholes%26pg%3DPA437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurchese1999" class="citation web cs1">Purchese, Robert (October 21, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/x">"X: Beyond The Frontier - Another futile attempt to recreate Elite falls flat on its face"</a>. 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News. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News&rft.atitle=Is+Event+Horizon+actually+disturbing+or+are+we+just+scared+of+an+angry+Sam+Neill%3F&rft.date=2018-07-25&rft.aulast=McCarter&rft.aufirst=Reid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fis-event-horizon-as-disturbing-or-are-we-just-scared-of-1827861778&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEddy2015" class="citation web cs1">Eddy, Cheryl (April 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://io9.gizmodo.com/all-the-reasons-why-event-horizon-is-a-hell-of-a-good-t-1695302615">"All The Reasons Why Event Horizon Is A Hell Of A Good Time"</a>. io9. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=io9&rft.atitle=All+The+Reasons+Why+Event+Horizon+Is+A+Hell+Of+A+Good+Time&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft.aulast=Eddy&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fio9.gizmodo.com%2Fall-the-reasons-why-event-horizon-is-a-hell-of-a-good-t-1695302615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrazierCass2015" class="citation book cs1">Grazier, Kevin R.; Cass, Stephen (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u9VECgAAQBAJ&q=fringe+wormhole&pg=PA234">Hollyweird Science: From Quantum Quirks to the Multiverse</a>. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. p. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319150727" title="Special:BookSources/9783319150727"><bdi>9783319150727</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hollyweird+Science%3A+From+Quantum+Quirks+to+the+Multiverse&rft.place=Cham%2C+Switzerland&rft.pages=234&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9783319150727&rft.aulast=Grazier&rft.aufirst=Kevin+R.&rft.au=Cass%2C+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du9VECgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dfringe%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapps2010" class="citation magazine cs1">Capps, Robert (April 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2010/04/fring-flashes-back/">"As the Wormhole Turns: Fringe Flashes Back to Parallel Universe"</a>. Wired. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=As+the+Wormhole+Turns%3A+Fringe+Flashes+Back+to+Parallel+Universe&rft.date=2010-04-01&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft.aulast=Capps&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2010%2F04%2Ffring-flashes-back%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnders2011" class="citation web cs1">Anders, Charlie Jane (May 7, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://io9.gizmodo.com/fringe-finally-sums-up-the-central-paradox-of-walter-bi-5799571">"Fringe finally sums up the central paradox of Walter Bishop, the gentle destroyer"</a>. io9. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=io9&rft.atitle=Fringe+finally+sums+up+the+central+paradox+of+Walter+Bishop%2C+the+gentle+destroyer&rft.date=2011-05-07&rft.aulast=Anders&rft.aufirst=Charlie+Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fio9.gizmodo.com%2Ffringe-finally-sums-up-the-central-paradox-of-walter-bi-5799571&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman2017" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, Fraser A. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kiYSDgAAQBAJ&q=Power+Rangers+Time+Force+wormhole&pg=PA188">Now and Then We Time Travel: Visiting Pasts and Futures in Film and Television</a>. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 188–189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786496792" title="Special:BookSources/9780786496792"><bdi>9780786496792</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Now+and+Then+We+Time+Travel%3A+Visiting+Pasts+and+Futures+in+Film+and+Television&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.pages=188-189&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780786496792&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Fraser+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkiYSDgAAQBAJ%26q%3DPower%2BRangers%2BTime%2BForce%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarciaPhillips2009" class="citation book cs1">Garcia, Frank; Phillips, Mark (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcIAQAAQBAJ&q=Vanishing+Act+%28The+Outer+Limits%29+wormhole&pg=PA381">Science Fiction Television Series, 1990-2004: Histories, Casts and Credits for 58 Shows</a>. Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland. p. 381. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786469178" title="Special:BookSources/9780786469178"><bdi>9780786469178</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+Fiction+Television+Series%2C+1990-2004%3A+Histories%2C+Casts+and+Credits+for+58+Shows&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC+and+London&rft.pages=381&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780786469178&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKZcIAQAAQBAJ%26q%3DVanishing%2BAct%2B%2528The%2BOuter%2BLimits%2529%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA381&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonesFlaxman2012" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Marie D.; Flaxman, Larry (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gd1EDwAAQBAJ&q=sliders+wormhole&pg=PT102">This Book is From the Future: A Journey Through Portals, Relativity, Worm Holes, and Other Adventures in Time Travel</a>. Pompton Plains, NJ: Red Wheel/Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781601635808" title="Special:BookSources/9781601635808"><bdi>9781601635808</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+Book+is+From+the+Future%3A+A+Journey+Through+Portals%2C+Relativity%2C+Worm+Holes%2C+and+Other+Adventures+in+Time+Travel&rft.place=Pompton+Plains%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Red+Wheel%2FWeiser&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781601635808&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Marie+D.&rft.au=Flaxman%2C+Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGd1EDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsliders%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPT102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson-Smith2005" class="citation book cs1">Johnson-Smith, Jan (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americansciencef0000john_j6p5">American Science Fiction Tv: Star Trek, Stargate and Beyond</a>. London and New York: I.B.Tauris. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americansciencef0000john_j6p5/page/160">160</a>–161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781860648823" title="Special:BookSources/9781860648823"><bdi>9781860648823</bdi></a>. <q>sliders wormhole.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Science+Fiction+Tv%3A+Star+Trek%2C+Stargate+and+Beyond&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=160-161&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781860648823&rft.aulast=Johnson-Smith&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericansciencef0000john_j6p5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler2007" class="citation book cs1">Wheeler, J. Craig (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j1ej8d0F8jAC&q=sliders+wormhole&pg=PA292">Cosmic Catastrophes: Exploding Stars, Black Holes, and Mapping the Universe</a>. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 292. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139462419" title="Special:BookSources/9781139462419"><bdi>9781139462419</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cosmic+Catastrophes%3A+Exploding+Stars%2C+Black+Holes%2C+and+Mapping+the+Universe&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+New+York&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781139462419&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=J.+Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj1ej8d0F8jAC%26q%3Dsliders%2Bwormhole%26pg%3DPA292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChance2011" class="citation book cs1">Chance, Norman (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sMB1MHrE3oYC&q=sliders+wormhole+einstein+rosen+podolsky&pg=PA221">Who was Who on TV</a>. Bloomington, Indiana: Xlibris Corporation. p. 221. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781456824563" title="Special:BookSources/9781456824563"><bdi>9781456824563</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+was+Who+on+TV&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=Xlibris+Corporation&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781456824563&rft.aulast=Chance&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsMB1MHrE3oYC%26q%3Dsliders%2Bwormhole%2Beinstein%2Brosen%2Bpodolsky%26pg%3DPA221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassicot2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Massicot, Jean (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=APRrAwAAQBAJ&q=sliders+wormhole+einstein+rosen+podolsky&pg=PA466">Notions fondamentales de physique</a> (in French). Morisville, NC: Lulu.com. p. 466. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781445298559" title="Special:BookSources/9781445298559"><bdi>9781445298559</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notions+fondamentales+de+physique&rft.place=Morisville%2C+NC&rft.pages=466&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781445298559&rft.aulast=Massicot&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAPRrAwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsliders%2Bwormhole%2Beinstein%2Brosen%2Bpodolsky%26pg%3DPA466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman2017" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, Fraser A. 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Retrieved December 24, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%C3%85rets+julkalender%3A+En+tidsresa+till+1920&rft.date=2020-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svt.se%2Fkultur%2Farets-julkalender-en-tidsresa-till-1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wormholes_in_fiction&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wormholes">"Wormholes"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a> (4th ed.). Retrieved December 29, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wormholes&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Langford&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fwormholes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Westfahl, Gary</a> (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WETPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA709">"Wormholes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_Literature_through_History:_An_Encyclopedia" title="Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia">Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia</a>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 709–711. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4408-6617-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4408-6617-3"><bdi>978-1-4408-6617-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wormholes&rft.btitle=Science+Fiction+Literature+through+History%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=709-711&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-4408-6617-3&rft.aulast=Westfahl&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWETPEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWormholes+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Science_fiction" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Science_fiction" title="Template:Science fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Science_fiction" title="Template talk:Science fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk_derivatives" title="Cyberpunk derivatives">Cyberpunk derivatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopunk" title="Biopunk">Biopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieselpunk" title="Dieselpunk">Dieselpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanopunk" title="Nanopunk">Nanopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solarpunk" title="Solarpunk">Solarpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_convention" title="Science fiction convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_fandom" title="Science fiction fandom">Fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-fiction_fanzine" title="Science-fiction fanzine">Fanzines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">ISFDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_libraries_and_museums" title="Science fiction libraries and museums">Libraries and museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMP_Museum#Science_Fiction_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="EMP Museum">Science Fiction Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_studies" title="Science fiction studies">Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_speculative_fiction" title="Women in speculative fiction">Women in SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction" title="Australian science fiction">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_science_fiction" title="Bengali science fiction">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_science_fiction" title="Brazilian science fiction">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction" title="Canadian science fiction">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_science_fiction" title="Chilean science fiction">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_science_fiction" title="Chinese science fiction">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_science_fiction" title="Croatian science fiction">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech science fiction and fantasy">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_science_fiction" title="Estonian science fiction">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_science_fiction" title="French science fiction">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_science_fiction" title="Hungarian science fiction">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_science_fiction" title="Norwegian science fiction">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_and_fantasy_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Science fiction and fantasy in Poland">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_science_fiction" title="Romanian science fiction">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian science fiction and fantasy">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_science_fiction" title="Serbian science fiction">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_science_fiction" title="Spanish science fiction">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_science_fiction" title="Yugoslav science fiction">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cinematic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne_Awards" title="Jules Verne Awards">Jules Verne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary, art, and audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astounding_Award_for_Best_New_Writer" title="Astounding Award for Best New Writer">Astounding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurealis_Award" title="Aurealis Award">Aurealis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">BSFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Campbell_Memorial_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Campbell Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesley_Awards" title="Chesley Awards">Chesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke_Award" title="Arthur C. Clarke Award">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Crook_Award" title="Compton Crook Award">Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Science_Fiction_Preis" title="Deutscher Science Fiction Preis">Deutscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick_Award" title="Philip K. Dick Award">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditmar_Award" title="Ditmar Award">Ditmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavour_Award" title="Endeavour Award">Endeavor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FantLab%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award" title="FantLab's Book of the Year Award">FantLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Award_(China)" title="Galaxy Award (China)">Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Gaughan_Award" title="Jack Gaughan Award">Gaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geffen_Award" title="Geffen Award">Geffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Duck_Award" title="Golden Duck Award">Golden Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damon_Knight_Memorial_Grand_Master_Award" title="Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award">Grand Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_prix_de_l%27Imaginaire" title="Grand prix de l'Imaginaire">Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Harland_Prize" title="Paul Harland Prize">Harland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein_Award" title="Robert A. Heinlein Award">Heinlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Ignotus" title="Premio Ignotus">Ignotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitschies" title="Kitschies">Kitschies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lambda_Literary_Awards_winners_and_nominees_for_science_fiction,_fantasy_and_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lambda Literary Awards winners and nominees for science fiction, fantasy and horror">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurd_La%C3%9Fwitz_Award" title="Kurd Laßwitz Award">Laßwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautilus_Award" title="Nautilus Award">Nautilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award" title="Nebula Award">Nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nommo_Awards" title="Nommo Awards">Nommo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Norton_Award" title="Andre Norton Award">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsec_Awards" title="Parsec Awards">Parsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Award" title="Prometheus Award">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhysling_Award" title="Rhysling Award">Rhysling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SFERA_Award" title="SFERA Award">SFERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewise_Award_for_Alternate_History" title="Sidewise Award for Alternate History">Sidewise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Smith_Memorial_Award" title="Edward E. Smith Memorial Award">Skylark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sturgeon_Award" title="Theodore Sturgeon Award">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunburst_Award" title="Sunburst Award">Sunburst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4htivaeltaja_Award" title="Tähtivaeltaja Award">Tähtivaeltaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBD_Science_Fiction_Story_Award" title="TBD Science Fiction Story Award">TBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Tiptree_Jr._Award" class="mw-redirect" title="James Tiptree Jr. Award">Tiptree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Apollo_Award" title="Prix Apollo Award">Tour-Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_%26_Fantasy_Translation_Awards" title="Science Fiction & Fantasy Translation Awards">Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania_Award" title="Urania Award">Urania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Julius_Vogel_Award" title="Sir Julius Vogel Award">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writers_of_the_Future" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers of the Future">Writers and Illustrators of the Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janusz_A._Zajdel_Award" title="Janusz A. Zajdel Award">Zajdel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multimedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_Awards" title="Aurora Awards">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler_Award" title="Chandler Award">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Awards" title="Dragon Awards">Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiun_Award" title="Seiun Award">Seiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaylactic_Spectrum_Awards" title="Gaylactic Spectrum Awards">Spectrum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_fiction_films" title="History of science fiction films">Film history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_science_fiction_films" title="Lists of science fiction films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_films_in_India" title="Science fiction films in India">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comics" title="Science fiction comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_magazine" title="Science fiction magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_novels" title="List of science fiction novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_publishers" title="List of science fiction publishers">Publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_short_stories" title="List of science fiction short stories">Short stories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_opera" title="Science fiction opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_theatre" title="Science fiction theatre">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television" title="Science fiction on television">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_television_programs" title="List of science fiction television programs">List of TV shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction_television" title="Australian science fiction television">Australasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_television_science_fiction" title="British television science fiction">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction_television" title="Canadian science fiction television">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television#Continental_European_science_fiction_series" title="Science fiction on television">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Live-action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._television_science_fiction" title="U.S. television science fiction">U.S.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_themes" title="List of science fiction themes">Themes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_architecture" title="Space architecture">Architectural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyson_sphere" title="Dyson sphere">Dyson sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrioshka_brain" title="Matrioshka brain">Matrioshka brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_stations_and_habitats_in_fiction" title="Space stations and habitats in fiction">Space stations and habitats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_engine" title="Stellar engine">Stellar engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraforming_in_popular_culture" title="Terraforming in popular culture">Terraforming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biology_in_fiction" title="Biology in fiction">Biological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare_in_popular_culture" title="Biological warfare in popular culture">Biological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_being" title="Energy being">Energy being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_in_fiction" title="Evolution in fiction">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">Extraterrestrials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_extraterrestrials" title="Lists of fictional extraterrestrials">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_speculative_fiction" title="Gender in speculative fiction">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in science fiction">Genetic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisibility_in_fiction" title="Invisibility in fiction">Invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanotechnology_in_fiction" title="Nanotechnology in fiction">Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_transplantation_in_fiction" title="Organ transplantation in fiction">Organ transplantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasites_in_fiction" title="Parasites in fiction">Parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosthetics_in_fiction" title="Prosthetics in fiction">Prosthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_sexuality_in_speculative_fiction" title="Sex and sexuality in speculative fiction">Sex and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbiosis_in_fiction" title="Symbiosis in fiction">Symbiosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansible" title="Ansible">Ansible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction" title="Extrasolar planets in fiction">Extrasolar planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_field_(technology)" title="Force field (technology)">Force field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">Hyperspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertialess_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertialess drive">Inertialess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiverse" title="Multiverse">Multiverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">Parallel universes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">Portable hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction" title="Space travel in science fiction">Space travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction" title="Stars in fiction">Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleportation_in_fiction" title="Teleportation in fiction">Teleportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel_in_fiction" title="Time travel in fiction">Time travel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_viewer" title="Time viewer">Viewer</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_drive" title="Warp drive">Warp drive</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wormhole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Psychological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_mind_(science_fiction)" title="Group mind (science fiction)">Group mind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_uploading_in_fiction" title="Mind uploading in fiction">Mind uploading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psionics" title="Psionics">Psionics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_consciousness_in_fiction" title="Simulated consciousness in fiction">Simulated consciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africanfuturism" title="Africanfuturism">Africanfuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrofuturism" title="Afrofuturism">Afrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_invasion" title="Alien invasion">Alien invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_language" title="Alien language">Alien language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_astronauts_in_popular_culture" title="Ancient astronauts in popular culture">Ancient astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_science_fiction" title="Black science fiction">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_corporation" title="Evil corporation">Evil corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_contact_(science_fiction)" title="First contact (science fiction)">First contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein_complex" title="Frankenstein complex">Frankenstein complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_empire" title="Galactic empire">Galactic empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_speculative_fiction" title="LGBT themes in speculative fiction">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_from_space_(science_fiction)" title="Message from space (science fiction)">Message from space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism_in_fiction" title="Transhumanism in fiction">Transhumanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uplift_(science_fiction)" title="Uplift (science fiction)">Uplift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenoarchaeology" title="Xenoarchaeology">Xenoarchaeology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_fiction" title="Artificial intelligence in fiction">Artificial intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AI_takeover_in_popular_culture" title="AI takeover in popular culture">AI takeover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_engineering" title="Astronomical engineering">Astroengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holography_in_fiction" title="Holography in fiction">Holography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_robots_and_androids" title="List of fictional robots and androids">Robots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyborgs_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyborgs in fiction">Cyborgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-replicating_machines_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-replicating machines in fiction">Self-replicating machines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_reality" title="Simulated reality">Simulated reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_spacecraft" title="List of fictional spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachyons_in_fiction" title="Tachyons in fiction">Tachyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_in_science_fiction" title="Weapons in science fiction">Weapons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian science fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_astronauts" title="Lists of fictional astronauts">Fictional astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional technology">Fictional technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_history" title="Future history">Future 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