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</li><li class="widget widget_nav_menu" id="nav_menu-2"><h4>Authors</h4><div class="menu-authors-container"><ul id="menu-authors" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-3395" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3395"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/skip-prichard/">Skip Prichard</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3408" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3408"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/drew-bordas/">Drew Bordas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3546" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3546"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/brittany-brannon/">Brittany Brannon</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5106" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5106"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/andy-breeding/">Andy Breeding</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3413" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3413"><a 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Faniel</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3381" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3381"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/tyler-ferguson/">Tyler Ferguson</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3427" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3427"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/bill-forgette/">Bill Forgette</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3401" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3401"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/rachel-frick/">Rachel Frick</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3416" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3416"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/don-hamparian/">Don Hamparian</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5078" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5078"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/karen-hinton/">Karen Hinton</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3404" class="menu-item 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href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/saskia-leferink/">Saskia Leferink</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3418" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3418"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/nancy-lensenmayer/">Nancy Lensenmayer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3410" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3410"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/scott-livingston/">Scott Livingston</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5111" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5111"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/dennis-massie/">Dennis Massie</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3407" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3407"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/john-mccullough/">John McCullough</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3385" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3385"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/tony-melvyn/">Tony Melvyn</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3417" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3417"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/jeff-mixter/">Jeff Mixter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5121" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5121"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/kendra-morgan/">Kendra Morgan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3425" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3425"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/chip-nilges/">Chip Nilges</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3391" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3391"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/jennifer-peterson/">Jennifer Peterson</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3409" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3409"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/julie-presas/">Julie Presas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3405" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3405"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/merrilee-proffitt/">Merrilee Proffitt</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4690" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4690"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/christina-rodriques/">Christina Rodriques</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3878" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3878"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/jenny-rosenfeld/">Jenny Rosenfeld</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3406" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3406"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/mary-sauer-games/">Mary Sauer-Games</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3420" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3420"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/andreas-schmidt/">Andreas Schmidt</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3388" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3388"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/tammi-spayde/">Tammi Spayde</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3392" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3392"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/christa-starck/">Christa Starck</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5176" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5176"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/titia-van-der-werf/">Titia van der Werf</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3422" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3422"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/eric-van-lubeek/">Eric van Lubeek</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3387" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3387"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/cynthia-m-whitacre/">Cynthia M. Whitacre</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4616" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4616"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/david-whitehair/">David Whitehair</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4960"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/gina-winkler/">Gina Winkler</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3383" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3383"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/kelly-wolfe/">Kelly Wolfe</a></li> </ul></div></li><li class="widget widget_categories" id="categories-3"><h4>Topics</h4> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-130"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/advocacy/">Advocacy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-168"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/analytics/">Analytics</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-29"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/big-data/">Big data</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-55"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/cataloging/">Cataloging</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-123"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/change-management/">Change management</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-75"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/community/">Community</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-115"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/community-engagement/">Community engagement</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-70"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/customer-experience/">Customer experience</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-85"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/digital-collections/">Digital collections</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-128"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/discovery/">Discovery</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-96"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/diversity/">Diversity</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-73"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/genealogy/">Genealogy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-84"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/leadership/">Leadership</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-18"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/learning/">Learning</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-53"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/librarianship/">Librarianship</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/linked-data/">Linked data</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-112"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/marketing/">Marketing</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-42"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/membership/">Membership</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-148"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/metadata/">Metadata</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-12"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/mission/">Mission</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-126"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/open-content/">Open content</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-79"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/organizational-culture/">Organizational culture</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-22"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/partnerships/">Partnerships</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-62"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/print-collections/">Print collections</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-40"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/research/">Research</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-28"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/resource-sharing/">Resource sharing</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-129"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/security/">Security</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-127"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/social-justice/">Social justice</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-59"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/society/">Society</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-47"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/strategy/">Strategy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-37"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/technology/">Technology</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-27"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/trends/">Trends</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-11"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/workflows/">Workflows</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav>  </div> </aside>   <div class="col-md-14 col-sm-18"> <div class="blog-style-one">  <article class="blog-item"> <header> <h2 class="title"> <a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/mapping-the-role-technology-plays-in-your-life/">Mapping the role technology plays in your life</a> </h2> <div class="meta-info"> <img data-del="avatar" src='https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/lynn-sc.jpg' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-90 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-90 photo ' height='90' width='90'/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/author/lynn-connaway/" title="Posts by Lynn Silipigni Connaway, Ph.D." rel="author">Lynn Silipigni Connaway, Ph.D.</a></li> <li> 12 May 2016</li> <li><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/topic/learning/">Learning</a></li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="the-post-thumbnail"><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/mapping-the-role-technology-plays-in-your-life/"></a></div> <div class="post-body"> <p><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2016-05-12-visitors-and-residents-1.jpg" rel="attachment wp-att-486"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-486 alignnone" src="https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2016-05-12-visitors-and-residents-1.jpg" alt="2016-05-12 visitors and residents" width="1160" height="370" /></a></p> <p>Do you ever wonder about the role that technology plays in your life and what services and apps you use? OCLC began collaborating on the <a href="http://www.oclc.org/research/themes/user-studies/vandr.html">Digital Visitors and Residents</a> (V&R) project with funding from <a href="https://www.jisc.ac.uk/">Jisc</a> (a digital education services non-profit) in 2011 to investigate how US and UK individuals engage with technology and how this engagement may or may not change as the individuals transition through their educational stages (White and Connaway 2011-2014). Since that time we have broadened the research to include interviews with individuals in Spain and Italy to include a comparative analysis to identify any geographical or cultural differences. The OCLC team also has conducted an online survey with approximately 150 high school, undergraduate and graduate students and college and university faculty. We hope to have these data analyzed so that we are able to share our findings.</p> <p>We also began conducting mapping sessions with students, librarians, and faculty using the Visitors and Residents framework and differentiating between engagement in professional/academic and personal contexts and situations. Participation in the mapping exercise is a way for individuals to become aware of how they work, play, and interact with others in a digital environment. If the maps are shared with others, it can help individuals better understand why communication seems to work well with some, but not with others.</p> <p><span id="more-476"></span></p> <h2>Pen-and-paper proof-of-concept</h2> <p>These mapping sessions were conducted using paper and pencil or pen. Examples of these maps are included in the EDUCAUSE Review paper, “<a href="http://er.educause.edu/articles/2013/12/i-always-stick-with-the-first-thing-that-comes-up-on-google---where-people-go-for-information-what-they-use-and-why">I always stick with the first thing that comes up on Google…” Where People Go for Information, What They Use, and Why</a>,” (Connaway, Lanclos, and Hood 2013). In order to collect and analyze these handwritten maps we had to ask the creators of the maps to take photos of them and to email them to us.</p> <p>After much discussion with my colleague, <a href="http://www.oclc.org/research/people/harvey.html">William Harvey, PhD, OCLC Consulting Engineer</a>, he developed an app that can be used on most smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers. William co-led the usability testing of the app with Mike Prasse, OCLC Lead User Experience Researcher. High school, undergraduate, and graduate students, faculty, and librarians used the app on different devices and provided feedback on what was fun, what worked, and what functionalities they thought we should add.</p> <p>Based on their feedback, the app was enhanced and now is available at <strong><a href="http://oc.lc/VRmap">oc.lc/VRmap</a></strong>, with comic book instructions.</p> <p>A video also was created by Carey Champoux, OCLC Video Content Manager, and Andy Havens, OCLC Content Marketing Manager, to explain how to use the V&R mapping app.</p> <div class="embed-container"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/6ai0ZO3lDR4?enablejsapi=1&rel=0&modestbranding=1" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></div> <p><em>If you do the map for yourself, please share the link on Twitter with the #OCLCnext hashtag. We’d love to see where you “visit and reside” online.</em></p> <h2>What can your map teach you?</h2> <p>Once individuals complete their maps, they may share with others and they may submit to OCLC Research. If submitted to OCLC Research, we will add the maps created using the app to the other maps collected and analyze them in the aggregate, anonymizing any individual’s identifying information. Those who map their patterns of communication and engagement with technology and submit to OCLC Research will help us make informed recommendations to library staff for the development of services and technologies that are a better fit for library users’ and potential users’ personal and academic lifestyles and to position the library in the life of its users.</p> <span class='bctt-click-to-tweet'><span class='bctt-ctt-text'><a href='https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.oclc.org%2Fnext%2Fmapping-the-role-technology-plays-in-your-life%2F&text=Check%20out%20the%20Visitors%20and%20Residents%20app%20from%20%40OCLC%21%20http%3A%2F%2Foc.lc%2FVRmap&related' target='_blank'rel="noopener noreferrer">Check out the Visitors and Residents app from @OCLC! http://oc.lc/VRmap </a></span><a href='https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.oclc.org%2Fnext%2Fmapping-the-role-technology-plays-in-your-life%2F&text=Check%20out%20the%20Visitors%20and%20Residents%20app%20from%20%40OCLC%21%20http%3A%2F%2Foc.lc%2FVRmap&related' target='_blank' class='bctt-ctt-btn'rel="noopener noreferrer">Click To Tweet</a></span> <p>As part of the research, I have been conducting V&R mapping sessions with students, faculty, and librarians. After the individuals complete their maps, we display the maps of those who are interested in sharing and discussing them with the group. I conduct the sessions in much the same way one would conduct a semi-structured interview.* The individuals talk about what they included in their maps and I probe and ask more questions based upon their discussion.</p> <p>Some of the students have been very surprised at the amount of time they spend online. One doctoral student at a US university was very surprised that she was able to draw every icon for every app or social media site from memory. She commented, “I spend way too much time online and using social media than I ever thought I did.”</p> <p>Others have discussed work-arounds for the library web page and catalog, which I have been able to share with the library staff so that they can make changes to the system or interface. Several doctoral students said that they could not figure out how to email or text themselves bibliographic citations that they found in the university online catalog so they took photos of the display on the library computer screens and texted or emailed the information to themselves. They said they wanted to use their smartphones since they are more convenient than having to take out their laptops or tablets. This also has implications for evaluating how the library web page and catalog display on smartphones, which is the preferred device for many individuals.</p> <h2>What is a visitor? What is a resident?</h2> <p>Conducting the mapping sessions as semi-structured interviews in a group also has made me aware that not everyone understands the definitions that we have used for Visitors and Residents. We define the visitor mode as one in which “people treat the web as a series of tools. They decide what they want to achieve, chose and appropriate online tool, and then log off. They leave no social trace of themselves online. In resident mode, people live a portion of their lives online and approach the web as a place where they can express themselves and spend time with people. When acting as residents, people visit social networking platforms, and aspects of their digital identity maintain a presence even when they’re not online through their social media profiles” (Connaway, Lanclos, and Hood 2013).</p> <p>However, some individuals, who participate in the mapping exercise, relate the terms visitor and resident to the amount of time one spends engaging with a device, app, etc. This equates to a visitor not using the device or app much and to a resident using the device or app most or all of the time, which is not the intended definitions of the terms. Based on this misconception, I have been thinking about and talking to colleagues about changing the terminology. However, none of the terms suggested seem to be descriptive enough. I welcome any ideas, discussion, and thoughts on new terminology for visitors and residents that would more accurately describe the online presence or lack of online visibility.</p> <p>This brings up something else that I have been pondering about the visitors and residents framework. That is the fact that we are missing the opportunity to capture individuals’ engagement with the physical environment and resources. I had thought of this early in the individual semi-structured interview data collection stage when the importance of the face-to-face and human contact emerged from the data and were included in our code book and analysis. However, these are not captured in the mapping exercises, which became more evident as I began structuring the group mapping sessions as semi-structured interviews. I am struggling with how to depict the physical environment and resources in the V&R map. Again, I welcome any ideas, discussion, and thoughts on this.</p> <hr /> <p>*Connaway and Radford (Forthcoming) define semi-structured interviews as an interview “in which control is shared and questions are open-ended.”</p> <p><em>This post <a href="http://hangingtogether.org/?p=5627">originally appeared</a> on Hanging Together. </em></p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Connaway, Lynn Silipigni, Donna Lanclos, and Erin M. Hood. 2013. “’<a href="http://er.educause.edu/articles/2013/12/i-always-stick-with-the-first-thing-that-comes-up-on-google---where-people-go-for-information-what-they-use-and-why">I always stick with the first thing that comes up on Google…’ Where People Go for Information, What They Use, and Why</a>.” EDUCAUSE Review Online (December 6). Connaway, Lynn Silipigni, and Marie L. Radford. Forthcoming. Basic Research Methods in Library and Information Science. 6th ed. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.</p> <div class="crp_related crp-masonry"><h3>Related Posts:</h3><ul><li><a href="https://blog.oclc.org/next/prioritize-proactivity/" class="crp_link post-5229"><figure><img src="https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/wj_proactive_planning_banner.jpg" class="crp_thumb crp_firstcorrect" alt="banner for OCLC Next blog post on prioritizing proactivity, duotone images of check-lists" title="Benefits of prioritizing proactivity" srcset="https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/wj_proactive_planning_banner.jpg 1160w, https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/wj_proactive_planning_banner-300x96.jpg 300w, https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/wj_proactive_planning_banner-1024x327.jpg 1024w, https://blog.oclc.org/next/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/wj_proactive_planning_banner-768x245.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px" 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