CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914a3c4b3ab24024',cH: 'bYdi3EiF6FQkWrgxwim3sxvpfsSCRAbOODMPo38FYeo-1740009827-1.2.1.1-Ag3tZiJ7seof1KuI7ZgI6IbK5q7zaxRwcHMCWiAQ7xXUgQKU6FFOtjvp0Io5HIvA',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ratno%20Bagus%20Edy%20Wibowo&__cf_chl_tk=Q1AR2f.Ghs.ENlcNZErDJaYg7QdrlOCSfwgaD5FjJyE-1740009827-1.0.1.1-XnBkn8XHjNdXcJwXCWT25HucS.HB1Scaw3lmpQlC0tE",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740009827',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ratno%20Bagus%20Edy%20Wibowo&__cf_chl_f_tk=Q1AR2f.Ghs.ENlcNZErDJaYg7QdrlOCSfwgaD5FjJyE-1740009827-1.0.1.1-XnBkn8XHjNdXcJwXCWT25HucS.HB1Scaw3lmpQlC0tE",md: "J3Rl2GBVDC2J_bAe7zuqjAHmd27mcdtVgKmH0GeBDA8-1740009827-1.2.1.1-KOvoo5Xt1Z9hSYPWbVU8OWP5p2QzP7cynoDaMUaESUDhLqBl9h3THJ99sKzQA6Momb54nar1IGYwR1_UmETyABbyqlMWv7HIx3YwnpzaKItD1CjFlKiR8PO1O40stq6xmiY_K7zsr..yA2SSgHDNfDHtdQbvyGVlpFNjtqv4EPdWVNpkHU_fTuXGnHYLlxy0bpZpvcDVX0QKEzSjFBOEVgxpvjG4FycIoypYqhM2UbuuVyPyKWFRNwZhj2cIp_FaBCEemf3ll1eyacVyZOv2xjciKEuF8ATPTPoBzwHDbKUUQ7PXv462NlSnsZTXpBBvDzCPijcsQ9w10a6q7i.9doY1QE45XCh7B84yrUfhVZByDOevHStJyNQpMnzNJOYwrH6ebfSTow6ndoBPjuYqtNFFVCurXWRb6ioRWZhO4qmjWkv0GFtlgsU4pY5VnAOZpqPqDsE63_ZhAA9CQjH3U9zZ6U7obPdYUJUVTVvbMzzs4s.NoxFeX0fLm7paqOs.3Ao52sy5De4WAWd1ZLESk6dXUXqnOy96.0N4c0zmtElURBQEURqqvQMq1xAc2NoM3thcsfkepgAH2U5flxSfgiik.esg_mRfjLHyhsqZTwu2mCSjKfyghTTfvyZY90uTnmV2o1tBK1Jlj99TMxKEMglPkCy_qd6ac2YAs5KPkfAI40Xfx.292uivW.YXSFkoeoBd8RQxQI3.q4QLsGj4NTqqoWeJ8SCDbBWWlb.gtU2nj06DRX6RbTPvtaG37yHtstKtppprBXkulGAoMxNi3QjW5q1z53guAEbti4Pf4taiyRvfcT0h74gx2QzoEKGkNqwEHXXkqMteuAduCDWTO24vqH6QPww_Z4v2OwH8YkQ6ivARIWhA2sAFBArlghWRPGGKNN8cfD9se0KeLBOFEqTvtUHS32eG9FZaZTR0ujFH07WTrkgHohC8QWODH5fELRN_pMEi6VLm2kvOsCGQ9uP_x3jBjK08HB2JL76WdJCwY.bLJ25IUbO6RDBJQoHtRh8PlIdHkSVQAd7ptLccQ.VzUsQa9ZecPQh2C1KErFiHWhP56jsVQKI1Eq6p6qMQH3RVvNxc8DUQBvi4IFGxS4cNZoOA3ueUU36EnG1rhjFe2D6H4s1NlFWRIakMUdl2DhRkTJ1MaJUv4SwrDUmyeowJ904LMybQrEx1fRjUoqSkXEVlPfP3OF8zKKRIP1dMAyetzGLRypw7OGyjnRFZvmWYFxOjagchSDNTxVP8gT8oTyRuNHqpek_P7L_tEtHB4Qam6b7wD30Y8kYNfk2c.uqAiLqOaOZ_5haUgQPz4mxPHjZIhJi6Bf_Iy2Oy5sdnMZs5X_HmKii2XXzhBVFGHmn4K1JwZd2H9jZnzBeh9K4zMJVDm6wwoRianXJsTqwUFdo02pqGIsUbCJDyXdHwpM3omZucTH1AKW76JNdc1aapeN9lcJBPYZYWURzDxm1ZtYzF62aH4LI0MVx8tfAh0lsrQxaOrESg0WMyenwdyhcmuaKqygxyzmm9NFosvVL8NgTztvESzIrW.x1Jyc2O7b.vrAtxPQ6iu3ogSzbR7.ftxWmzETirXsO8DK6S5cAPS6Ox9dsx8P78_j7xT9iOQjtWuPUAwjv2wpSYz7nqW4Me2h0DFRzF7P4ces215kZHshnWJdGySBsWb523Dek_IA9xuusCsjvygHvc.MNOzSmUv7ZuIX.0l5huRpYfVZqN_5ApzFMaHisEwO2WyOtp0NaA0vurc5EMS8QwGM0TkT82AoeTSgaHFGwqTej8avPDwYWYguFJ9SP8pde.fi.Ane9dtlICmPeDfH6ZnSXsJMOR6pRI7x6AIx2Cc0OiAYQQ0lCH2.PQoIQgphzoBNbj4opThw_vIY_IqvXWM6NbHiHenXT8cNe1voSkEW6cvwCrKok97wtSZcMnGmP6D7TWvsGtUi1jjJJ0QNtsspB_Lc7aBoADyLKQHNT9LeS1lpGd",mdrd: "LAQ5Lv7RL1ClJBU6l_43PIEI9OIutkBm7LHDbGYMbUM-1740009827-1.2.1.1-27zBbvuTjt2IW.4b6Myk.omB1uJKYwzq_bNg.XdigPm_OhUj04b7sP5Z7PsuG6DXwH8ktqvui6NYGmSYSX6zJqT4C9dVF.MqgWfBK4kqmHrHCY2QtoFRTxbWcM7pugcFEqm13EylvbNDl14qOxtpLzJSHD332suGVxvHYavDqHyctgmGvtKSeyV4GTOVBFf06Jq8FBvtlbBLlXd.DQbTXDr767UyeZ2CM_Lzitg0_SlVW2ctIm.Ws7jP5EK1ixzdpzP2VHfXNmQ2PvT9Kab1Tj0ULBhBttB49nJPEUkNWmTAOWle8tctQczQ780sfOeFRZ_EvuiW6hQKW8tjneFyJAMHzbWJf8sKXiDWvbtr2QW_Y8EFL8wHOwPYalUmEgFZhvFoVXdrmRFS1n3uhji8KuEKvwOv.gIMzO0.xKnpVu86JxIZQs4n1SjOYFDK_CQEBk2LeeZ2es22Iatzg9RZdDmKe0.5ebR.rp_yRBaiWtmemxK9a2PGz_xUxwaKaGjpRDonz1klOg0TTXiKQU9xodgzHOigIQpwUNhEF1ImkiZyYevIiUIXxfpJ44wstdEMF9eFBXW5vH5o_KJsXWaQV5Wag6Rjja1F5gZ6mzhp2DWv7Qp7uta.ZEO6wGUHsTGu2T5XoGyxSzQvUc5bdmqL6wjBQAo6uN1EDVAugDmEWa_sTpP6rmd6EQIlE17RMzP5cB2Vf_qVPMo2WQS.i0ssj4sXf8Ky2ox2Mp0DgaHfGAhMInhQ2UmknEvI2Vb8htKBSre1OFaBwC7zpJSNg9crrYlPj44pj_ZjN3h13e59t55MSmpv1Bxh.xrsYdI8zWos64fGj7mzAZhSZosASz32xOBuQUMes9JbEt4lcOwjx1BK58uW6i9eydJVfozdko6p7hNz2ZtsT7PngGscLiNvKApYWBLGgnDiDWyns9aG4LfAcS.xu6Er04NvUMxZsKzVVPjbpyhaGT2ovLIlPXxRAxO8Ov_Q6PoLGcmOlBwoh9lJdpUZ1qAhiLXjfB4vtRJ7AbbKqfLXop_qnLK6vzY9_XVt4jbp2_jwp6OjuAnT2gsRgYnmq_KosB4eZ8zeY.01_Tjo_q.EDhdJznm7jobRK_3SRUlPK4uyOQJ4.Sd_6Ip9Io_yXoOalb8ruFuf1fxumKH2Nyyi6DTCn1KBMvwUGlXfvI1zcGn40NvNiZC3WaOnqFtn_MwsLzP2PjL60md_QGTkSI.4Sl8DG0i0X1SP9QLIInq0UL7tCZjqKMF1oGDhjWoNjZufjOPeMJAmvF9RcYG0G.OS9p.GAlEo9Oiiv1D484RbmrtO9GFn00D92LweM9QLTykqr4FAqacH65uZgrlnM8aeMe2ODJZc3RCEF8XGIuWNCfBBq8qwBfD9hgzTEsTvMVswAhIu7T1ucVWx05v23FtUWL3Sxkw6lz0M5daZRtZmLpvmRbP3_xxbrbzA4zFw4N4p2mYoB.dESG4MTGiH_mowWfwoeZgKYshg6jQfYdMg0ZW_UkTNa3ZQkIXyCNsmjN_rTzJNAWf1EsrPdAyq33Z0YbuOZqxbPpQlbXSMnpBaTXhuu9nwMs0CYyozlW.GE8IWVtJGRdal4IfHAljXQsDFNzWxLfCjdS9XussotJgKQGlfgEEDRhzfeTgSqa5B79ymTtUPTGeG4Ijuo67BSvgBIpW0lJscORhq2blQ8m8VYLVDO7ab5mVIMO2SHdMMGilyYfE8M_SODrnl7qWtKOlLRwRJ8eA.lWdTX.nynRxW3RIXYHawBlvI1X8QrTW.d65WgBdqdRyZeeVGSmrJRKRK.vtO05lMJc3IMDcwBp6Ml33NOBY1BUPV1zLW8ZpBqMlhgf5.EPcmzLHO8nTVmoG.qx5.MOzcE9N5eJ.z86TMtdBdRfZceA_0_9SipOnwpau3yRAh3TYY_V0y8HJq8yS6Bw064.OrNz7SKIzCzz0TSrA7O7sa0RWzqHoFBe3wqM7H.OHWMUbqQ8H9"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914a3c4b3ab24024';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ratno%20Bagus%20Edy%20Wibowo&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Q1AR2f.Ghs.ENlcNZErDJaYg7QdrlOCSfwgaD5FjJyE-1740009827-1.0.1.1-XnBkn8XHjNdXcJwXCWT25HucS.HB1Scaw3lmpQlC0tE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>