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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Lewensloop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lewensloop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Lewensloop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lewensloop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_empiriese_filosofie_van_Mach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_empiriese_filosofie_van_Mach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Die empiriese filosofie van Mach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_empiriese_filosofie_van_Mach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Machiaanse_beginsels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Machiaanse_beginsels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Machiaanse beginsels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machiaanse_beginsels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bron" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bron"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bron</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bron-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ernst Mach</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 69 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE" title="إرنست ماخ – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إرنست ماخ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE" title="ارنست ماخ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ارنست ماخ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Max" title="Ernst Max – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ernst Max" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE" title="ارنست ماخ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ارنست ماخ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82" title="Мах Эрнст – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мах Эрнст" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Эрнст Мах – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эрнст Мах" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ернст Мах – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ернст Мах" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%87" title="Ερνστ Μαχ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ερνστ Μαχ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE" title="ارنست ماخ – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارنست ماخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9A" title="ארנסט מאך – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארנסט מאך" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="अर्न्स्ट माक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अर्न्स्ट माक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%BF_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AD" title="Էռնստ Մախ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էռնստ Մախ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%83%8F" title="エルンスト・マッハ – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エルンスト・マッハ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98" title="ერნსტ მახი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ერნსტ მახი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅರ್ನ್‌ಸ್ಟ್ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅರ್ನ್‌ಸ್ಟ್ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A7%88%ED%9D%90" title="에른스트 마흐 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에른스트 마흐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Эрнст Мах – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эрнст Мах" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernestus_Mach" title="Ernestus Mach – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ernestus Mach" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernsts_Mahs" title="Ernsts Mahs – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ernsts Mahs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8F%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ഏണസ്റ്റ് മാക്ക് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഏണസ്റ്റ് മാക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC" title="ਅਰਨਸਟ ਮਾਖ਼ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਰਨਸਟ ਮਾਖ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85,_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82" title="Мах, Эрнст – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мах, Эрнст" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ернст Мах – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ернст Мах" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="எர்னெசுட் மாக் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எர்னெசுட் மாக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ернст Мах – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ернст Мах" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ernst Mach" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="恩斯特·马赫 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="恩斯特·马赫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="恩斯特·马赫 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="恩斯特·马赫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="恩斯特·馬赫 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="恩斯特·馬赫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q93996#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Ernst_Mach" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Ernst_Mach" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Ernst_Mach" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&oldid=1973622" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Ernst_Mach&id=1973622&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FErnst_Mach"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FErnst_Mach"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ernst+Mach"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ernst_Mach&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q93996" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em; font-size: 85%; text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="font-size: larger; text-align: center;"><b>Ernst Mach</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Ernst_Mach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ernst_Mach.jpg/264px-Ernst_Mach.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="444" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Ernst_Mach.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Geboortenaam </th> <td>Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Gebore </th> <td><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1838-02-18</span>)</span>18 Februarie 1838<br /><a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morawi%C3%AB" title="Morawië">Morawië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keiserryk_Oostenryk" title="Keiserryk Oostenryk">Keiserryk Oostenryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Oorlede </th> <td>19 Februarie 1916 (op 78)<br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen" title="München">München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beiere" title="Beiere">Beiere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Keiserryk" title="Duitse Keiserryk">Duitse Keiserryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Nasionaliteit </th> <td>Oostenryks </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Instelling(s) </th> <td>Universiteit van Graz<br />Karel-Universiteit (Praag)<br />Universiteit van Wene </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Alma mater </th> <td>Universiteit van Wene </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Doktorale promotor(s) </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_von_Ettingshausen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas von Ettingshausen (bladsy bestaan nie)">Andreas von Ettingshausen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Doktorale student(e) </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Gomperz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Gomperz (bladsy bestaan nie)">Heinrich Gomperz</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottokar_Tumlirz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottokar Tumlirz (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ottokar Tumlirz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Ander bekende student(e) </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrija_Mohorovi%C4%8Di%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrija Mohorovičić (bladsy bestaan nie)">Andrija Mohorovičić</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Bekend vir </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mach-getal" title="Mach-getal">Mach-getal</a><br />Mach-beginsel<br />Skokgolwe<br />Mach-golwe<br />Mach se refleksieeffekte<br />Mach-band<br />Kritiek op <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> se emmer-argument<br />Mach se diamante </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Beïnvloed deur </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_von_Ettingshausen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas von Ettingshausen (bladsy bestaan nie)">Andreas von Ettingshausen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Fechner" title="Gustav Fechner">Gustav Fechner</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Ludwig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Ludwig (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carl Ludwig</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Invloed op </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Weense_Sirkel" title="Weense Sirkel">Weense Sirkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Boltzmann" title="Ludwig Boltzmann">Ludwig Boltzmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Wolfgang Pauli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_James&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William James (bladsy bestaan nie)">William James</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Kienzl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Kienzl (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wilhelm Kienzl</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Duhem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Duhem (bladsy bestaan nie)">Pierre Duhem</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">Handtekening </th> <td><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg/140px-Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg/210px-Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg/280px-Ernst_Mach_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="110" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;">notas </th> <td>Hy was die oupa van <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Wolfgang Pauli</a>. Die Mach-Zehnder-interferometer is genoem na sy seun, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Mach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Mach (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ludwig Mach</a>, wat ook 'n fisikus was. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ernst Mach</b> (<a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a>, <a href="/wiki/18_Februarie" title="18 Februarie">18 Februarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1838" title="1838">1838</a> – Vaterstetten, <a href="/wiki/19_Februarie" title="19 Februarie">19 Februarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>) was 'n <a href="/wiki/Oostenryk" title="Oostenryk">Oostenrykse</a> <a href="/wiki/Natuurkundige" class="mw-redirect" title="Natuurkundige">natuurkundige</a> en <a href="/wiki/Filosoof" class="mw-redirect" title="Filosoof">filosoof</a>. Hy is bekend vir sy bydraes tot die natuurkunde, soos die <a href="/wiki/Mach-getal" title="Mach-getal">Mach-getal</a> en sy studie van skokgolwe. As wetenskapsfilosoof het hy 'n groot invloed op die <a href="/wiki/Logiese_positivisme" title="Logiese positivisme">logiese positivisme</a>. Hy het kritiek op die -abstrakte- absolute ruimte van <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> en was as ondersteuner van relatiwiteit 'n voorloper van die <a href="/wiki/Relatiwiteitsteorie" title="Relatiwiteitsteorie">relatiwiteitsteorie</a> van <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lewensloop">Lewensloop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Lewensloop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Lewensloop"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mach studeer in die <a href="/wiki/Wiskunde" title="Wiskunde">wiskunde</a> en <a href="/wiki/Natuurkunde" class="mw-redirect" title="Natuurkunde">natuurkunde</a> aan die <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Wene" title="Universiteit van Wene">Universiteit van Wene</a>. Hy werk vanaf <a href="/wiki/1864" title="1864">1864</a> aan die Universiteit van <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>, word in <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a> hoogleraar in eksperimentele natuurkunde in <a href="/wiki/Praag" title="Praag">Praag</a> en in <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a> hoogleraar filosofie in <a href="/wiki/Wene" title="Wene">Wene</a>. </p><p>Mach bewys eksperimenteel die <a href="/wiki/Doppler-effek" title="Doppler-effek">Doppler-effek</a> in liggolwe in <a href="/wiki/1861" title="1861">1861</a> en vloeistofgolwe in <a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a>. Die metodes van Mach vind toepassing in die <a href="/wiki/Astrofisika" title="Astrofisika">astrofisika</a>, waar dit nog steeds gebruik word om via die <a href="/wiki/Rooiverskuiwing" title="Rooiverskuiwing">rooiverskuiwing</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Snelheid" title="Snelheid">snelheid</a> van hemelliggame ten opsigte van die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a> vas te stel. Ook lewer hy 'n bydrae tot die optika, waar die "lyne van Mach of bande van Mach" gesien kan word op skaduwee rande. Dit is <i>n optiese illusie.</i> </p><p>Mach doen ook belangrike werk op die gebied van die <a href="/wiki/Wetenskapsfilosofie" title="Wetenskapsfilosofie">wetenskapsfilosofie</a>, en skryf oor die <a href="/wiki/Geskiedenis" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Geskiedenis">geskiedenis</a> van die natuurwetenskappe. Ook skryf hy handboeke vir die natuurkunde. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Die_empiriese_filosofie_van_Mach">Die empiriese filosofie van Mach</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Die empiriese filosofie van Mach" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Die empiriese filosofie van Mach"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mach wil die <a href="/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme">empiriese</a> wetenskappe suiwer van <a href="/wiki/Metafisika" title="Metafisika">metafisiese</a> verontreinig en die empiriese inhoud van wetenskaplike kennis ondersoek. Hy probeer wetenskaplike begrippe te herlei tot die psigologiese gewaarwording van mense. Die wêreld bestaan uit ‘n geheel van gewaarwordinge wat saamgestel word uit elemente soos kleur, geluide, warmte, ens. Alle kennis kan gereduseer word tot hierdie gewaarwordinge volgens Mach. Om ons kennis ekonomies in te rig, gebruik ons ook begrippe wat nie regstreeks aansluit by ons gewaarwording nie. </p><p>Byvoorbeeld die begrip "stoel" sluit nie aan by die gewaarwording daarvan nie, want daarin tref ons alleen die elemente kleur en hardheid aan. Die begrip "stoel" is volgens Mach dan ook 'n konstruksie, 'n ekonomiese ordening waarin ervarings saamgevat word. Wat vir die begrip stoel geld, gaan volgens Mach ook vir wetenskaplike kennis geld. Wetenskaplike wette is volgens Mach nie anders as ekonomiese samevattinge van gewaarwordinge nie. Uiteindelik word Mach met dieselfde probleme gekonfronteerd as die empiriese psigologie. Waar en hoe word algemene uitsprake (wette) gekonstrueer? </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Machiaanse_beginsels">Machiaanse beginsels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Machiaanse beginsels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Machiaanse beginsels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aan Mach word 'n aantal beginsels toegeskryf wat voortspruit uit sy ideaal vir <a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">fisika</a> teorievorming, tans genoem machiaanse fisika, naamlik: </p> <ul><li>Die teorie moet volledig gebaseer word op direk waarneembare verskynsels (in lyn met sy positivistiese inslag)</li> <li>Abstraksies soos absolute ruimte en absolute tyd moet vermy word: alles is relatief</li> <li>Alle verskynsels wat daarna lyk dat hulle toe te skryf is aan absolute ruimte en tyd (byvoorbeeld inersie en <a href="/wiki/Middelpuntvliedende_krag" title="Middelpuntvliedende krag">middelpuntvliedende krag</a>) moet gesien word as effekte van die grootskaalse verdeling van <a href="/wiki/Materie" title="Materie">materie</a> in die <a href="/wiki/Heelal" title="Heelal">heelal</a>.</li></ul> <p>Dit laatste beginsel is by name deur Albert Einstein as dié beginsel van Mach gekies. Dit is deur Einstein aangehaal as een van die drie beginsels wat ten grondslag lê van die algemene relatiwiteitsteorie. In <a href="/wiki/193" title="193">193</a>0 verklaar hy dat "dit geregverdig is om Mach te beskou as die voorloper van die algemene relatiwiteitsteorie", hoewel Mach, Einstein se teorie verwerp. Einstein was daarvan bewus dat sy teorieë nie alle beginsels van Mach vervul nie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur">Literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Literatuur"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ernst Mach, "Die Mechanik in ihrer Entwicklung", Leipzig, 1883.</li> <li>Ernst Mach, "Beiträge zur Analyse der Empfindungen", Jena, 1886.</li> <li>Ernst Mach, "Erkenntnis und Irrtum", Leipzig, 1905.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Oor Mach</dt></dl> <ul><li>John T. Blackmore, "Ernst Mach - His Work, Life, and Influence", University of California Press: Berkeley & Los Angeles, 197.2</li> <li>John Blackmore (ed.), "Ernst Mach - A Deeper Look",Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1992.</li> <li>J. Blackmore, R. Itagaki and S. Tanaka (eds.), "Ernst Mach's Vienna 1895-1930", Kluwer, Dordreht, Netherlands, 2001.</li> <li>John T. Blackmore, Ryoichi Itagaki and Setsuko Tanaka (eds.), "Ernst Mach's Science", Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, Japan, 2006.</li> <li>Erik C. Banks, "Ernst Mach's World Elements", Kluwer (now Springer), Dordrecht, 2003.</li> <li>John Blackmore und Klaus Hentschel (Hrsg.), "Ernst Mach als Aussenseiter", [Korrespondenz], Braumüller, 1985.</li> <li>Rudolf Haller & Friedrich Stadler (Hrsg), "Ernst Mach - Werk und Wirkung", Hoelder-Pichler-Tempsky, Wien, 1988.)</li> <li>D. Hoffmann und H. Laitko (Hrsg.), Ernst Mach -Studien und Dokumente..., Berlin, 1991.</li> <li>V. Prosser and J. Folta (eds.), "Ernst Mach and the development of Physics - Conference Papers", Prague, 1991.</li> <li>Joachim Thiele (Hrsg.), "Wissenschaftliche Kommunikation - Die Korrespondenz Ernst Machs", Kastellaun, 1978.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2696.html">whonamedit.com, Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> Jagdish Mehra, Helmut Rechenberg, The Historical Development of Quantum Theory, bl. 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ernst-mach/">stanford.edu, Ernst Mach First published Wed May 21, 2008; substantive revision Tue Apr 28, 2009</a>, Mach interest in physiology, Johannes Peter Müller and his students, Ernst Brüke and Carl Ludwig, started a new school of physiology in 1840s.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> John T. Blackmore, <i>Ernst Mach: His Work, Life, and Influence</i>, 1972, bl. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> John T. Blackmore, <i>Ernst Mach: His Work, Life, and Influence</i>, 1972, bl. 196.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bron">Bron</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Bron" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bron"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die Nederlandse Wikipedia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" 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