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decrease percentage index</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: oxygen decrease percentage index"> <meta name="keywords" content="oxygen decrease percentage index"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="oxygen decrease percentage index"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 10051</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: oxygen decrease percentage index</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10051</span> Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Storage Temperatures on Quality of Shelled Raw Walnuts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Javanmard">M. Javanmard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at analyzing the effects of packaging (MAP) and preservation conditions on the packaged fresh walnut kernel quality. The central composite plan was used for evaluating the effect of oxygen (0–10%), carbon dioxide (0-10%), and temperature (4-26 °C) on qualitative characteristics of walnut kernels. Also, the response level technique was used to find the optimal conditions for interactive effects of factors, as well as estimating the best conditions of process using least amount of testing. Measured qualitative parameters were: peroxide index, color, decreased weight, mould and yeast counting test, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the defined model for peroxide index, color, weight loss, and sensory evaluation is significant (p < 0.001), so that increase of temperature causes the peroxide value, color variation, and weight loss to increase and it reduces the overall acceptability of walnut kernels. An increase in oxygen percentage caused the color variation level and peroxide value to increase and resulted in lower overall acceptability of the walnuts. An increase in CO<sub>2</sub> percentage caused the peroxide value to decrease, but did not significantly affect other indices (p ≥ 0.05). Mould and yeast were not found in any samples. Optimal packaging conditions to achieve maximum quality of walnuts include: 1.46% oxygen, 10% carbon dioxide, and temperature of 4 °C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelled%20walnut" title="shelled walnut">shelled walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAP" title=" MAP"> MAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20temperature" title=" storage temperature"> storage temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20267/effect-of-modified-atmosphere-packaging-and-storage-temperatures-on-quality-of-shelled-raw-walnuts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10050</span> Instant Fire Risk Assessment Using Artifical Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolga%20Barisik">Tolga Barisik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Fuat%20Guneri"> Ali Fuat Guneri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Dastan"> K. Dastan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Major industrial facilities have a high potential for fire risk. In particular, the indices used for the detection of hidden fire are used very effectively in order to prevent the fire from becoming dangerous in the initial stage. These indices provide the opportunity to prevent or intervene early by determining the stage of the fire, the potential for hazard, and the type of the combustion agent with the percentage values of the ambient air components. In this system, artificial neural network will be modeled with the input data determined using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, which is a multi-layer sensor (CAA) (teacher-learning) type, before modeling the modeling methods in the literature. The actual values produced by the indices will be compared with the outputs produced by the network. Using the neural network and the curves to be created from the resulting values, the feasibility of performance determination will be investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artifical%20neural%20networks" title="artifical neural networks">artifical neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Index" title=" Graham Index"> Graham Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levenberg-marquardt%20algoritm" title=" levenberg-marquardt algoritm"> levenberg-marquardt algoritm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20decrease%20percentage%20index" title=" oxygen decrease percentage index"> oxygen decrease percentage index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trickett%20Index" title=" Trickett Index"> Trickett Index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126049/instant-fire-risk-assessment-using-artifical-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10049</span> Application of Benford's Law in Analysis of Frankfurt Stock Exchange Index (DAX) Percentage Changes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Zgela">Mario Zgela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Application of Benford’s Law is very rarely covered in the field of stock market analysis, especially in percentage change of stock market indices. Deutscher Aktien IndeX (DAX) is very important stock market index of Frankfurt Deutsche Börse which serves as underlying basis for large number of financial instruments. It is calculated for selected 30 German blue chips stocks. In this paper, Benford's Law first digit test is applied on 10 year DAX daily percentage changes in order to check compliance. Deviations of 10 year DAX percentage changes set as well as distortions of certain subsets from Benford's Law distribution are detected. It is possible that deviations are the outcome of speculations; and psychological influence should not be eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benford%27s%20Law" title="Benford's Law">Benford's Law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DAX" title=" DAX"> DAX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index%20percentage%20changes" title=" index percentage changes"> index percentage changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2313/application-of-benfords-law-in-analysis-of-frankfurt-stock-exchange-index-dax-percentage-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10048</span> Assessment of Green Fluorescent Protein Signal for Effective Monitoring of Recombinant Fermentation Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Sani">I. Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdulhamid"> A. Abdulhamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Bello"> F. Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isah%20M.%20Fakai"> Isah M. Fakai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research has focused on the application of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a new technique for direct monitoring of fermentation processes involving cultured bacteria. To use GFP as a sensor for pH and oxygen, percentage ratio of red fluorescence to green (% R/G) was evaluated. Assessing the magnitude of the % R/G ratio in relation to low or high pH and oxygen concentration, the bacterial strains were cultivated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. SCC1 strains of E. coli were grown in a 5 L laboratory fermenter, and during the fermentation, the pH and temperature were controlled at 7.0 and 370C respectively. Dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) was controlled between 15-100% by changing the agitation speed between 20-500 rpm respectively. Effect of reducing the DOT level from 100% to 15% was observed after 4.5 h fermentation. There was a growth arrest as indicated by the decrease in the OD650 at this time (4.5-5 h). The relative fluorescence (green) intensity was decreased from about 460 to 420 RFU. However, %R/G ratio was significantly increased from about 0.1% to about 0.25% when the DOT level was decreased to 15%. But when the DOT was changed to 100%, a little increase in the RF and decrease in the %R/G ratio were observed. Therefore, GFP can effectively detect and indicate any change in pH and oxygen level during fermentation processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli%20SCC1" title="Escherichia coli SCC1">Escherichia coli SCC1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation%20process" title=" fermentation process"> fermentation process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20fluorescent%20protein" title=" green fluorescent protein"> green fluorescent protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20fluorescence" title=" red fluorescence"> red fluorescence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17962/assessment-of-green-fluorescent-protein-signal-for-effective-monitoring-of-recombinant-fermentation-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10047</span> Honey: A Remedy Rediscovered in the Treatment of Oral Diseases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mansoor%20Majeed">Muhammad Mansoor Majeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imtiaz%20Ahmed"> Imtiaz Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For centuries, honey has been used for the management and cure of different diseases for the treatment of wound, ulcers, burns, cough, and sore throat, etc. It has also been proved to decrease inflammation, edema, and exudates in different body tissues. This study is performed to find out the effectiveness of honey in the treatment and prevention of gingivitis, gingival bleeding, and accumulation of plaque. Randomized control trial was performed on two subject groups. Honey provided to one subject group to apply on their gums and tooth and then gargle with water and drink. Frequency of the procedure is thrice a day for a month. Another group was given a placebo. Before and after, readings were taken according to Loe and Silness Plaque and Gingival Index. Initially, the mean plaque index, Gingival index and the percentage of sites which were bleeding in the honey group was 0.910, 0.800 and 58.71% respectively which has reduced to 0.313, 0.296 and 27.6% in 30 ± 3 days whereas the control group did not show signs of improvement. Visible changed has observed in the honey group from 0.910 to 0.313 in mean plaque index, 0.800 to 0.296 in Gingival Index, and the percentage of bleeding sited decreased from 58.71% to 27.6%. No significant changes observed in another group. We can conclude that honey reduces the formation/accumulation of plaque and decreases gingival bleeding as well as it has therapeutic effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title="honey">honey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gingivitis" title=" gingivitis"> gingivitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bleeding%20gums" title=" bleeding gums"> bleeding gums</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112681/honey-a-remedy-rediscovered-in-the-treatment-of-oral-diseases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10046</span> Evaluation and Provenance Studies of Heavy Mineral Deposits in Recent Sediment of Ologe Lagoon, South Western, Nigeria </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayowa%20Philips%20Ibitola">Mayowa Philips Ibitola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akinade-Solomon%20Olorunfemi"> Akinade-Solomon Olorunfemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abe%20Oluwaseun%20Banji"> Abe Oluwaseun Banji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy minerals studies were carried out on eighteen sediment samples from Ologe lagoon located at Lagos Barrier complex, with the aim of evaluating the heavy mineral deposits and determining the provenance of the sediments. The samples were subjected to grain analysis techniques in order to collect the finest grain size. Separation of heavy minerals from the samples was done with the aid of bromoform to enable petrographic analyses of the heavy mineral suite, under the polarising microscope. The data obtained from the heavy mineral analysis were used in preparing histograms and pie chart, from which the individual heavy mineral percentage distribution and ZTR index were derived. The percentage composition of the individual heavy mineral analyzed are opaque mineral 63.92%, Zircon 12.43%, Tourmaline 5.79%, Rutile 13.44%, Garnet 1.74% and Staurolite 3.52%. The calculated zircon, tourmaline, rutile index in percentage (ZTR) varied between 76.13 -92.15%, average garnet-zircon index (GZI), average rutile-zircon index (RuZI) and average staurolite-zircon index values in all the stations are 16.18%, 54.33%, 25.11% respectively. The mean ZTR index percentage value is 85.17% indicates that the sediments within the lagoon are mineralogically matured. The high percentage of zircon, rutile, and tourmaline indicates an acid igneous rock source for the sediments. However, the low percentage of staurolite, rutile and garnet occurrence indicates sediment of metamorphic rock source input. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lagoon" title="lagoon">lagoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=provenance" title=" provenance"> provenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20mineral" title=" heavy mineral"> heavy mineral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZTR%20index" title=" ZTR index"> ZTR index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90033/evaluation-and-provenance-studies-of-heavy-mineral-deposits-in-recent-sediment-of-ologe-lagoon-south-western-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10045</span> A Study of Some Selected Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Variables of Junior Free Style Wrestlers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parwinder%20Singh">Parwinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Kumar"> Ashok Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between selected Anthropometric and physical fitness variables of Junior Free Style Wrestlers. Method: one hundred fifty (N = 150) male Junior Free Style Wrestlers were selected as subjects, and they were categorized into five groups according to their weight categories; each group was comprised of 30 wrestlers. Body Mass Index can be considered according to the World Health Organization. Body fat percentage was assessed by using Durnin and Womersley equation, and Bodyweight was checked with a weighing machine. Cardiovascular endurance was checked by the Havard Step test of junior freestyle wrestlers. Results: A statistically positive significant correlation was found between Body Weight and Body Mass Index, skinfold thickness, and Percentage Body Fat. Fitness index was observed as negatively significant relationship related with Body Weight, Percent Body Fat, and Body Mass Index. Conclusion: It is concluded that freestyle wrestling is a weight classified sport and physical fitness is the most important factor in freestyle wrestling; therefore, the correlation of the fitness index of the wrestlers with body composition is important. The results of the present study also demonstrated the effect of Age, Body Height, Body Weight, Body Mass Index, and percentage body fat of the aerobic fitness of junior freestyle wrestlers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20fitness" title="aerobic fitness">aerobic fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropometry" title=" anthropometry"> anthropometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fat%20percentage" title=" fat percentage"> fat percentage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20style%20wrestling" title=" free style wrestling"> free style wrestling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skinfold" title=" skinfold"> skinfold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength "> strength </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132767/a-study-of-some-selected-anthropometric-and-physical-fitness-variables-of-junior-free-style-wrestlers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10044</span> Reliability and Validity for Measurement of Body Composition: A Field Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Hashim">Ahmad Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarizi%20Ab%20Rahman"> Zarizi Ab Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measurement of body composition via a field method has the most popular instruments which are used to estimate the percentage of body fat. Among the instruments used are the Body Mass Index, Bio Impedance Analysis and Skinfold Test. All three of these instruments do not involve high costs, do not require high technical skills, are mobile, save time, and are suitable for use in large populations. Because all three instruments can estimate the percentage of body fat, but it is important to identify the most appropriate instruments and have high reliability. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the reliability and convergent validity of the instruments. A total of 40 students, males and females aged between 13 and 14 years participated in this study. The study found that the test retest and Pearson correlation coefficient of reliability for the three instruments is very high, r = .99. While the inter class reliability also are at high level with r = .99 for Body Mass Index and Bio Impedance Analysis, r = .96 for Skin fold test. Intra class reliability coefficient for these three instruments is too high for Body Mass Index r = .99, Bio Impedance Analysis r = .97, and Skin fold Test r = .90. However, Standard Error of Measurement value for all three instruments indicates the Body Mass Index is the most appropriate instrument with a mean value of .000672 compared with other instruments. The findings show that the Body Mass Index is an instrument which is the most accurate and reliable in estimating body fat percentage for the population studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title="reliability">reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title=" body mass index"> body mass index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio%20impedance%20analysis%20and%20skinfold%20test" title=" bio impedance analysis and skinfold test"> bio impedance analysis and skinfold test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81917/reliability-and-validity-for-measurement-of-body-composition-a-field-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10043</span> The Result of Suggestion for Low Energy Diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) in Obese Women to the Effect on Body Weight, Waist Circumference, and BMI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kumchoo">S. Kumchoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The result of suggestion for low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) in obese women to the effect on body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) in this experiment. Quisi experimental research was used for this study and it is a One-group pretest-posttest designs measurement method. The aim of this study was body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) reduction by using low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) in obese women, the result found that in 15 of obese women that contained their body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, after they obtained low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) within 2 weeks. The data were collected before and after of testing the results showed that the average of body weight decrease 3.4 kilogram, waist circumference value decrease 6.1 centimeter and the body mass index (BMI) decrease 1.3 kg.m<sup>2</sup> from their previous body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) before experiment started. After this study, the volunteers got healthy and they can choose or select some food for themselves. For this study, the research can be improved for data development for forward study in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title="body weight">body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waist%20circumference" title=" waist circumference"> waist circumference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20energy%20diet" title=" low energy diet"> low energy diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMI" title=" BMI "> BMI </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16782/the-result-of-suggestion-for-low-energy-diet-1000-1200-kcal-in-obese-women-to-the-effect-on-body-weight-waist-circumference-and-bmi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10042</span> The Result of Suggestion for Low Energy Diet (1,000 kcal-1,200 kcal) in Obese Women to the effect on Body Weight, Waist Circumference, and BMI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kumchoo">S. Kumchoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The result of suggestion for low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) in obese women to the effect on body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) in this experiment. Quisi experimental research was used for this study and it is a One-group pretest-posttest designs measurement method. The aim of this study was body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) reduction by using low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) in obese women, the result found that in 15 of obese women that contained their body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, after they obtained low energy diet (1,000-1,200 kcal) within 2 weeks. The data were collected before and after of testing the results showed that the average of body weight decrease 3.4 kilogram, waist circumference value decrease 6.1 centimeter and the body mass index (BMI) decrease 1.3 kg.m2 from their previous body weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) before experiment started. After this study, the volunteers got healthy and they can choose or select some food for themselves. For this study, the research can be improved for data development for forward study in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title="body weight">body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waist%20circumference" title=" waist circumference"> waist circumference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMI" title=" BMI"> BMI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20energy%20diet" title=" low energy diet"> low energy diet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19658/the-result-of-suggestion-for-low-energy-diet-1000-kcal-1200-kcal-in-obese-women-to-the-effect-on-body-weight-waist-circumference-and-bmi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10041</span> Salinity Effects on Germination of Malaysian Rice Varieties and Weedy Rice Biotypes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kamal%20Uddin">M. Kamal Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mohd%20Dandan"> H. Mohd Dandan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ame%20H.%20Alidin"> Ame H. Alidin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Germination and seedling growth of plant species are reduced in saline due to an external osmotic potential. An experiment was conducted at the laboratory, Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, to compare the salt effect on seed germination and growth of weedy rice and cultivated rice. Seeds (10 in each) were placed in petri dishes. Five salinity levels 0 (distilled water), 4, 8, 12 and 16 dSm-1 (NaCl) were applied. The number of germinated seeds was recorded daily. The final germination percentage, germination index (GI), seedling vigour index (SVI) mean germination time (MGT), shoot and root dry weight were estimated. At highest salinity (16 dSm-1) germination percentage was higher (100%) in weedy rice awn and weedy rice compact. Lowest germination percentage was in MR219 and TQR-8 (50-60%). Mean germination time (MGT) was found higher in all weedy rice biotypes compared to cultivated rice. At highest salinity (16dSm-1) weedy rice open produced the highest MGT (9.92) followed by weedy rice compact (9.73) while lowest MGT was in MR219 (9.48). At highest salinity (16dSm-1) germination index was higher in weedy rice awn (11.71) and compact type (9.62). Lowest germination index was in MR219 (5.90) and TQR-8 (8.94). At the highest salinity (16 dSm−1), seedling vigor index was highest in weedy rice awn (6.06) followed by weedy rice compact (5.26); while lowest was in MR219 (2.11) followed by MR269 (3.82).On the basis of Germination index, seedling vigor index and growth related results it could be concluded that weedy rice awn, compact and open biotypes were more salt tolerant compared to other cultivated rice MR219, MR269, and TQR-8. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title="germination">germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title="salinity">salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20and%20weedy%20rice" title="rice and weedy rice">rice and weedy rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20agriculture" title=" sustainable agriculture"> sustainable agriculture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21509/salinity-effects-on-germination-of-malaysian-rice-varieties-and-weedy-rice-biotypes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10040</span> Immunomodulatory Effects of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on T-Cell Populations at Tissue-Related Oxygen Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Gornostaeva">A. N. Gornostaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20I.%20Bobyleva"> P. I. Bobyleva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20R.%20Andreeva"> E. R. Andreeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20B.%20Buravkova"> L. B. Buravkova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties. The effect of MSCs on the crucial cellular immunity compartment – T-cells is of a special interest. It is known that MSC tissue niche and expected milieu of their interaction with T- cells are characterized by low oxygen concentration, whereas the in vitro experiments usually are carried out at a much higher ambient oxygen (20%). We firstly evaluated immunomodulatory effects of MSCs on T-cells at tissue-related oxygen (5%) after interaction implied cell-to-cell contacts and paracrine factors only. It turned out that MSCs under reduced oxygen can effectively suppress the activation and proliferation of PHA-stimulated T-cells and can provoke decrease in the production of proinflammatory and increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. In hypoxia some effects were amplified (inhibition of proliferation, anti-inflammatory cytokine profile shift). This impact was more evident after direct cell-to-cell interaction; lack of intercellular contacts could revoke the potentiating effect of hypoxia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSCs" title="MSCs">MSCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T-cells" title=" T-cells"> T-cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation" title=" activation"> activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20oxygen" title=" low oxygen"> low oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell-to-cell%20interaction" title=" cell-to-cell interaction"> cell-to-cell interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunosuppression" title=" immunosuppression "> immunosuppression </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12460/immunomodulatory-effects-of-multipotent-mesenchymal-stromal-cells-on-t-cell-populations-at-tissue-related-oxygen-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10039</span> Heat Transfer Analysis of a Multiphase Oxygen Reactor Heated by a Helical Tube in the Cu-Cl Cycle of a Hydrogen Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20W.%20Abdulrahman">Mohammed W. Abdulrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the thermochemical water splitting process by Cu-Cl cycle, oxygen gas is produced by an endothermic thermolysis process at a temperature of 530<sup>o</sup>C. Oxygen production reactor is a three-phase reactor involving cuprous chloride molten salt, copper oxychloride solid reactant and oxygen gas. To perform optimal performance, the oxygen reactor requires accurate control of heat transfer to the molten salt and decomposing solid particles within the thermolysis reactor. In this paper, the scale up analysis of the oxygen reactor that is heated by an internal helical tube is performed from the perspective of heat transfer. A heat balance of the oxygen reactor is investigated to analyze the size of the reactor that provides the required heat input for different rates of hydrogen production. It is found that the helical tube wall and the service side constitute the largest thermal resistances of the oxygen reactor system. In the analysis of this paper, the Cu-Cl cycle is assumed to be heated by two types of nuclear reactor, which are HTGR and CANDU SCWR. It is concluded that using CANDU SCWR requires more heat transfer rate by 3-4 times than that when using HTGR. The effect of the reactor aspect ratio is also studied and it is found that increasing the aspect ratio decreases the number of reactors and the rate of decrease in the number of reactors decreases by increasing the aspect ratio. Comparisons between the results of this study and pervious results of material balances in the oxygen reactor show that the size of the oxygen reactor is dominated by the heat balance rather than the material balance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Cl%20cycle" title=" Cu-Cl cycle"> Cu-Cl cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20production" title=" hydrogen production"> hydrogen production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen" title=" oxygen"> oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20energy" title=" clean energy"> clean energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45088/heat-transfer-analysis-of-a-multiphase-oxygen-reactor-heated-by-a-helical-tube-in-the-cu-cl-cycle-of-a-hydrogen-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10038</span> Effect of Planting Date on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Different Bread Wheat and Durum Cultivars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Nasiri%20Tabrizi">Mahdi Nasiri Tabrizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Dadkhah"> A. Dadkhah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khirkhah"> M. Khirkhah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the effect of planting on yield, yield components and quality traits in bread and durum wheat varieties, a field split-plot experiment based on complete randomized design with three replications was conducted in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Razavi Khorasan located in city of Mashhad during 2013-2014. Main factor were consisted of five sowing dates (first October, fifteenth December, first March, tenth March, twentieth March) and as sub-factors consisted of different bread wheat (Bahar, Pishgam, Pishtaz, Mihan, Falat and Karim) and two durum wheat (Dena and Dehdasht). According to results of analysis variance the effect of planting date was significant on all examined traits (grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of grain per spike, thousands kernel weight, number of spike per square meter, plant height, the number of days to heading, the number of days to maturity, during the grain filling period, percentage of wet gluten, percentage of dry gluten, gluten index, percentage of protein). By delay in planting, majority of traits significantly decreased, except quality traits (percentage of wet gluten, percentage of dry gluten and percentage of protein). Results of means comparison showed, among planting date the highest grain yield and biological yield were related to first planting date (Octobr) with mean of production of 5/6 and 1/17 tons per hectare respectively and the highest bread quality (gluten index) with mean of 85 and percentage of protein with mean of 13% to fifth planting date also the effect of genotype was significant on all traits. The highest grain yield among of studied wheat genotypes was related to Dehdasht cultivar with an average production of 4.4 tons per hectare. The highest protein percentage and bread quality (gluten index) were related to Dehdasht cultivar with 13.4% and Falat cultivar with number of 90 respectively. The interaction between cultivar and planting date was significant on all traits and different varieties had different trend for these traits. The highest grain yield was related to first planting date (October) and Falat cultivar with an average of production of 6/7 tons per hectare while in grain yield did not show a significant different with Pishtas and Mihan cultivars also the most of gluten index (bread quality index) and protein percentage was belonged to the third planting date and Karim cultivar with 7.98 and Dena cultivar with 7.14% respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20component" title="yield component">yield component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planting%20date" title=" planting date"> planting date</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultivar" title=" cultivar"> cultivar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20traits" title=" quality traits"> quality traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat "> wheat </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22299/effect-of-planting-date-on-quantitative-and-qualitative-characteristics-of-different-bread-wheat-and-durum-cultivars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10037</span> Experimental Study for Examination of Nature of Diffusion Process during Wine Microoxygenation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilirjan%20Malollari">Ilirjan Malollari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redi%20Buzo"> Redi Buzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorina%20Lici"> Lorina Lici</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was done for the characterization of polyphenols changes of anthocyanins, flavonoids, the color intensity and total polyphenols index, maturity and oxidation index during the process of micro-oxygenation of wine that comes from a specific geographic area in the southeastern region of the country. Also, through mathematical modeling of the oxygen distribution within solution of wort for wine fermentation, was shown the strong impact of carbon dioxide present in the liquor. Analytical results show periodic increases of color intensity and tonality, reduction level of free anthocyanins and flavonoids free because of polycondensation reactions between tannins and anthocyanins, increased total polyphenols index and decrease the ratio between the flavonoids and anthocyanins offering a red stabilize wine proved by sensory degustation tasting for color intensity, tonality, body, tannic perception, taste and remained back taste which comes by specific area associated with environmental indications. Micro-oxygenation of wine is a wine-making technique, which consists in the addition of small and controlled amounts of oxygen in the different stages of wine production but more efficiently after end of alcoholic fermentation. The objectives of the process include improved mouth feel (body and texture), color enhanced stability, increased oxidative stability, and decreased vegetative aroma during polyphenols changes process. A very important factor is polyphenolics organic grape composition strongly associated with the environment geographical specifics area in which it is grown the grape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20oxygenation" title="micro oxygenation">micro oxygenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenols" title=" polyphenols"> polyphenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wine%20stability" title=" wine stability"> wine stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20modeling" title=" diffusion modeling"> diffusion modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52089/experimental-study-for-examination-of-nature-of-diffusion-process-during-wine-microoxygenation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10036</span> Does Women Involvement in Politics Decrease Corruption? A Context Based Approach to the Corruption Rate Index of ASEAN Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Anne%20A.%20Godinez">Lu Anne A. Godinez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=May%20Claudine%20I.%20Gador"> May Claudine I. Gador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preacious%20G.%20Gumolon"> Preacious G. Gumolon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louiechi%20Von%20R.%20Mendoza"> Louiechi Von R. Mendoza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Bryan%20N.%20Moninio"> Neil Bryan N. Moninio </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gender equality and women empowerment is the third of eight Millennium Development Goals. Understanding corruption’s linkages to gender equality issues and how it impacts women’s empowerment is part of the broader process of advancing women’s rights and understanding the gender dimensions of democratic governance. Taking a long view of political (corruption index) and the social (women empowerment) dimension — a view from 2015 to 2030, a context based forecast was conducted to forecast the ASEAN corruption index in the next 15 years, answering the question: “Does women political involvement decrease corruption rate index of ASEAN countries in the next 15 years?” The study have established that there will be an increase women political involvement in the ASEAN countries in the next 15 years that will cause a drop on corruption rate index. There will be a significant decline on corruption rate index in 2030. This change entails reform not only in the political aspect of progress, but to the social aspect as well. Finally, the political aspect is increasing at a constant rate however a double or triple increase of the social aspect is seen to be the key solution for corruption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title="women">women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20political%20involvement" title=" women political involvement"> women political involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equity%20index" title=" gender equity index"> gender equity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20participation" title=" economic participation"> economic participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20attainment" title=" educational attainment"> educational attainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20empowerment" title=" political empowerment"> political empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20corruption" title=" control of corruption"> control of corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20quality" title=" regulatory quality"> regulatory quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule%20of%20law" title=" rule of law"> rule of law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20and%20accountability%20government%20effectiveness" title=" voice and accountability government effectiveness"> voice and accountability government effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability%20and%20corruption%20perception%20index" title=" political stability and corruption perception index"> political stability and corruption perception index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29740/does-women-involvement-in-politics-decrease-corruption-a-context-based-approach-to-the-corruption-rate-index-of-asean-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10035</span> Exploring Entrepreneurship Intension Aptitude along Gender Lines among Business Decision Students in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20O.%20Udofot">Paul O. Udofot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emem%20B.%20Inyang"> Emem B. Inyang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study investigated the variability in aptitude amidst interactive effects of several social and environmental factors that could influence individual tendencies to engage in entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Consequently, the study targeted a population having similar backgrounds in type and level of higher education that are tailored toward enterprise management and development in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select 67 respondents. Primarily, the study assessed the salient pattern of entrepreneurship aptitude of respondents, and estimated and analyzed the index against their personal characteristics. Male respondents belonged to two extremes of aptitude index ranges (poor and high). Though female respondents did not exhibit a poor entrepreneurship aptitude index, the incidence percentage of the high index range of entrepreneurship aptitude among male trainees was more than the combined incidence percentage of their female counterparts. Respondents’ backgrounds outside gender presented a serious influence on entrepreneurship uptake likelihood if all situations were normal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aptitude" title="aptitude">aptitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20orientation" title=" entrepreneurial orientation"> entrepreneurial orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20divide" title=" gender divide"> gender divide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention" title=" intention"> intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trainee" title=" trainee"> trainee</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62250/exploring-entrepreneurship-intension-aptitude-along-gender-lines-among-business-decision-students-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10034</span> Greenland Monitoring Using Vegetation Index: A Case Study of Lal Suhanra National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Munsaf%20Khan">Rabia Munsaf Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eshrat%20Fatima"> Eshrat Fatima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of the spatial extent and temporal change of vegetation cover using remotely sensed data is of critical importance to agricultural sciences. Pakistan, being an agricultural country depends on this resource as it makes 70% of the GDP. The case study is of Lal Suhanra National Park, which is not only the biggest forest reserve of Pakistan but also of Asia. The study is performed using different temporal images of Landsat. Also, the results of Landsat are cross-checked by using Sentinel-2 imagery as it has both higher spectral and spatial resolution. Vegetation can easily be detected using NDVI which is a common and widely used index. It is an important vegetation index, widely applied in research on global environmental and climatic change. The images are then classified to observe the change occurred over 15 years. Vegetation cover maps of 2000 and 2016 are used to generate the map of vegetation change detection for the respective years and to find out the changing pattern of vegetation cover. Also, the NDVI values aided in the detection of percentage decrease in vegetation cover. The study reveals that vegetation cover of the area has decreased significantly during the year 2000 and 2016. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landsat" title="Landsat">Landsat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20difference%20vegetation%20index%20%28NDVI%29" title=" normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)"> normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentinel%202" title=" sentinel 2"> sentinel 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greenland%20monitoring" title=" Greenland monitoring"> Greenland monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73688/greenland-monitoring-using-vegetation-index-a-case-study-of-lal-suhanra-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10033</span> The Risk Assessments of Water Quality in Selected White Water River in Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaffry%20Zakaria">Jaffry Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Azlina%20Hasbullah"> Nor Azlina Hasbullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research on water quality based on 'Water Quality Index' (WQI) has been on the run along Kampar River in Perak State of Malaysia. This study was conducted to achieve several key objective that determe the value of the parameters that were studied based on Water Quality Index (WQI). The parameters include Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Suspended Solids. In this study, three sampling stations were selected. Through observations from the researchers, several pollutions were found occurring along the research area such as the disposal of waste water directly without treatment from villagers, widespread dumping of solid waste and the development of the surrounding areas that contributed to the pollution of Sungai Kampar in Perak, Malaysia. Sungai Kampar is commonly used for water recreational activities as well as for bathing purposes. Results showed that Sungai Kampar is classified under category III. According to Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS), rivers in the third grade are clean but not suitable for river recreational activities. Therefore, there is a requirement to investigate and analysis the water quality of all white water rivers in Malaysia focusing on the area of water activities. The combination of technology and risk management based on risk assessments can help the recreational industry to survive in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessments" title="risk assessments">risk assessments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River" title=" White Water River"> White Water River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20index%20%28WQI%29" title=" water quality index (WQI)"> water quality index (WQI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interim%20National%20Water%20Quality%20Standard%20for%20Malaysia%20%28INWQS%29" title=" Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS)"> Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68089/the-risk-assessments-of-water-quality-in-selected-white-water-river-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10032</span> Relationships of Driver Drowsiness and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Yu%20Tsai">Cheng-Yu Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Te%20Liu"> Wen-Te Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin-Tzu%20Lin"> Yin-Tzu Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Chen%20Lo"> Chen-Chen Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Lo"> Kang Lo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Driving drowsiness related to inadequate or disordered sleep accounts for a major percentage of traffic accidents. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) syndrome is a common respiratory disorder during sleep. However, the effects of SDB syndrome on driving fatigue remain unclear. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between SDB pattern and driving drowsiness. Methodologies: The physical condition while driving was obtained from the questionnaires to classify the state of driving fatigue. SDB syndrome was quantified as the polysomnography, and the air flow pattern was collected by the thermistor and nasal pressure cannula. To evaluate the desaturation, the mean hourly number of greater than 3% dips in oxygen saturation was sentenced by reregistered technologist during examination in a hospital in New Taipei City (Taiwan). The independent T-test was used to investigate the correlations between sleep disorders related index and driving drowsiness. Results: There were 880 subjects recruited in this study, who had been done polysomnography for evaluating severity for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) as well as completed the driver condition questionnaire. Four-hundred-eighty-four subjects (55%) were classified as fatigue group, and 396 subjects (45%) were served as the control group. Significantly higher values of snoring index (242.14 ± 205.51 /hours) were observed in the fatigue group (p < 0.01). The value of respiratory disturbance index (RDI) (31.82 ± 19.34 /hours) in fatigue group were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: We observe the considerable association between SDB syndrome and driving drowsiness. To promote traffic safety, SDB syndrome should be controlled and alleviated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20drowsiness" title="driving drowsiness">driving drowsiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep-disordered%20breathing%20syndrome" title=" sleep-disordered breathing syndrome"> sleep-disordered breathing syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snoring%20index" title=" snoring index"> snoring index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respiratory%20disturbance%20index." title=" respiratory disturbance index."> respiratory disturbance index.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110112/relationships-of-driver-drowsiness-and-sleep-disordered-breathing-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10031</span> Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO/Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Sowri%20Babu">K. Sowri Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Srinath"> P. Srinath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Rajeswara%20Rao"> N. Rajeswara Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Venugopal%20Reddy"> K. Venugopal Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of gamma ray irradiation on morphology and optical properties of ZnO/Mesoporous silica (MPS) nanocomposite was studied. The ZnO/MPS nanocomposite was irradiated with gamma rays of doses 30, 60, and 90 kGy and dose-rate of irradiation was 0.15 kGy/hour. Irradiated samples are characterized with FE-SEM, FT-IR, UV-vis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectrometers. SEM pictures showed that morphology changed from spherical to flake like morphology. UV-vis analysis showed that the band gap increased with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. This enhancement of the band gap is assigned to the depletion of oxygen vacancies with irradiation. The intensity of PL peak decreased gradually with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. The decrease in PL intensity is attributed to the decrease of oxygen vacancies at the interface due to poor interface and improper passivation between ZnO/MPS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO%20nanoparticles" title="ZnO nanoparticles">ZnO nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title=" nanocomposites"> nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesoporous%20silica" title=" mesoporous silica"> mesoporous silica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72909/effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-structural-and-optical-properties-of-znomesoporous-silica-nanocomposite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10030</span> Deep Learning Approach for Chronic Kidney Disease Complications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Isaza-Ruget">Mario Isaza-Ruget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudia%20C.%20Colmenares-Mejia"> Claudia C. Colmenares-Mejia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nancy%20Yomayusa"> Nancy Yomayusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20A.%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Camilo A. González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andres%20Cely"> Andres Cely</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jossie%20Murcia"> Jossie Murcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantification of risks associated with complications development from chronic kidney disease (CKD) through accurate survival models can help with patient management. A retrospective cohort that included patients diagnosed with CKD from a primary care program and followed up between 2013 and 2018 was carried out. Time-dependent and static covariates associated with demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors were included. Deep Learning (DL) survival analyzes were developed for three CKD outcomes: CKD stage progression, >25% decrease in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), and Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT). Models were evaluated and compared with Random Survival Forest (RSF) based on concordance index (C-index) metric. 2.143 patients were included. Two models were developed for each outcome, Deep Neural Network (DNN) model reported C-index=0.9867 for CKD stage progression; C-index=0.9905 for reduction in eGFR; C-index=0.9867 for RRT. Regarding the RSF model, C-index=0.6650 was reached for CKD stage progression; decreased eGFR C-index=0.6759; RRT C-index=0.8926. DNN models applied in survival analysis context with considerations of longitudinal covariates at the start of follow-up can predict renal stage progression, a significant decrease in eGFR and RRT. The success of these survival models lies in the appropriate definition of survival times and the analysis of covariates, especially those that vary over time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20networks" title=" deep neural networks"> deep neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20analysis" title=" survival analysis"> survival analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148447/deep-learning-approach-for-chronic-kidney-disease-complications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10029</span> Shear Strength of Unsaturated Clayey Soils Using Laboratory Vane Shear Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Ziaie%20Moayed">Reza Ziaie Moayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Abdolhassan%20Naeini"> Seyed Abdolhassan Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Nouri"> Peyman Nouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Yekehdehghan"> Hamed Yekehdehghan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The shear strength of soils is a significant parameter in the design of clay structures, depots, clay gables, and freeways. Most research has addressed the shear strength of saturated soils. However, soils can become partially saturated with changes in weather, changes in groundwater levels, and the absorption of water by plant roots. Hence, it is necessary to study the strength behavior of partially saturated soils. The shear vane test is an experiment that determines the undrained shear strength of clay soils. This test may be performed in the laboratory or at the site. The present research investigates the effect of liquidity index (LI), plasticity index (PI), and saturation degree of the soil on its undrained shear strength obtained from the shear vane test. According to the results, an increase in the LI and a decrease in the PL of the soil decrease its undrained shear strength. Furthermore, studies show that a rise in the degree of saturation decreases the shear strength obtained from the shear vane test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidity%20index" title="liquidity index">liquidity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasticity%20index" title=" plasticity index"> plasticity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsaturated%20soil" title=" unsaturated soil"> unsaturated soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147252/shear-strength-of-unsaturated-clayey-soils-using-laboratory-vane-shear-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10028</span> Effect of the Endotracheal Care Nursing Guideline Utilization on the Incidence of Endotracheal Tube Displacement, Oxygen Deficiency after Extubation, Re-intubation, and Nurses Satisfaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabeab%20Khunpukdee">Rabeab Khunpukdee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aranya%20Sukchoui"> Aranya Sukchoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nonluk%20Somgit"> Nonluk Somgit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chitima%20Bunnaul"> Chitima Bunnaul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endotracheal displacement is a major risk of life threatening among critically ill patients. Standard nursing protocol is needed to minimize this risk and to improve clinical outcomes. To evaluate the effectiveness of the endothacheal care nursing guideline. The incidence rates of endochacheal displacement, oxygen deficiency after extubation, re-intubation, and nurse’s satisfaction on the utilization of the endotracheal care nursing guideline. An evidence-based nursing practice framework was used to develop the endotracheal care nursing guideline. The guideline valid content was review by a 3 panel of experts. The index of item objective (IOC) of the guideline was 0.93. The guideline was implemented in 130 patients (guideline group) and 19 registered nurses at a medicine ward, Had Yai hospital, Thailand. Patient’s outcomes were evaluated by comparison with those 155 patients who received the routine nursing care (routine care group). Descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Mann Whitney U-test was analyzed using the computer program. All significantly and better outcomes were found in the guideline group compared to the routine care group. The guideline group has less incidence rates of endotracheal displacement (1.54 % vs 9.03 %, p < 0.05), and none of the guideline group had oxygen deficiency after extubation (0 % vs 83.33%) compared to the routine care group. All of the 2 patients in the guideline group, compared to 6 of 14 patients in the routine care group were re-intubation. The overall rate of re-intubation in the total group (n = 130 vs 155) was seen less in the guideline group than the routine care group (1.54 % vs 3.87). Overall, nurses satisfaction was at high-level (89.50%) on the utilization of the guideline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endotracheal%20care" title="endotracheal care">endotracheal care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20guideline" title=" nursing guideline"> nursing guideline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-intubation" title=" re-intubation"> re-intubation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction "> satisfaction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23269/effect-of-the-endotracheal-care-nursing-guideline-utilization-on-the-incidence-of-endotracheal-tube-displacement-oxygen-deficiency-after-extubation-re-intubation-and-nurses-satisfaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10027</span> Effect of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Yield and Quality of Single Cross 704 Silage Corn (Zea mays L.) in Isfahan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mohammad%20Ali%20Zahedi">Seyed Mohammad Ali Zahedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This field experiment was conducted in Isfahan in 2011 in order to study the effect of plant density and planting pattern on growth, yield and quality of silage corn (SC 704) using a randomized complete block design with split plot layout and four replications. The main plot consisted of three planting patterns (60 and 75 cm single planting row and 75 cm double planting row referred to as 60S, 75S and 75T, respectively). The subplots consisted of four levels of plant densities (65000, 80000, 95000 and 110000 plants per hectare). Each subplot consisted of 7 rows, each with 10m length. Vegetative and reproductive characteristics of plants at silking and hard dough stages (when the plants were harvested for silage) were evaluated. Results of variance analysis showed that the effects of planting pattern and plant density were significant on leaf area per plant, leaf area index (at silking), plant height, stem diameter, dry weights of leaf, stem and ear in silking and harvest stages and on fresh and dry yield, dry matter percentage and crude protein percentage at harvest. There was no planting pattern × plant density interaction for these parameters. As row space increased from 60 cm with single planting to 75 cm with single planting, leaf area index and plant height increased, but leaf area per plant, stem diameter, dry weight of leaf, stem and ear, dry matter percentage, dry matter yield and crude protein percentage decreased. Dry matter yield reduced from 24.9 to 18.5 t/ha and crude protein percentage decreased from 6.11 to 5.60 percent. When the plant density increased from 65000 to 110000 plant per hectare, leaf area index, plant height, dry weight of leaf, stem and ear and dry matter yield increased from 19.2 to 23.3 t/ha, whereas leaf area per plant, stem diameter, dry matter percentage and crude protein percentage decreased from 6.30 to 5.25. The best results were obtained with 60 cm row distance with single planting and 110000 plants per hectare. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silage%20corn" title="silage corn">silage corn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20density" title=" plant density"> plant density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planting%20pattern" title=" planting pattern"> planting pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2465/effect-of-plant-density-and-planting-pattern-on-yield-and-quality-of-single-cross-704-silage-corn-zea-mays-l-in-isfahan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10026</span> Co-Integration Model for Predicting Inflation Movement in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salako%20Rotimi">Salako Rotimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oshungade%20Stephen"> Oshungade Stephen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojewoye%20Opeyemi"> Ojewoye Opeyemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The maintenance of price stability is one of the macroeconomic challenges facing Nigeria as a nation. This paper attempts to build a co-integration multivariate time series model for inflation movement in Nigeria using data extracted from the abstract of statistics of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) from 2008 to 2017. The Johansen cointegration test suggests at least one co-integration vector describing the long run relationship between Consumer Price Index (CPI), Food Price Index (FPI) and Non-Food Price Index (NFPI). All three series show increasing pattern, which indicates a sign of non-stationary in each of the series. Furthermore, model predictability was established with root-mean-square-error, mean absolute error, mean average percentage error, and Theil’s unbiased statistics for n-step forecasting. The result depicts that the long run coefficient of a consumer price index (CPI) has a positive long-run relationship with the food price index (FPI) and non-food price index (NFPI). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title="economic">economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series" title=" series"> series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868/co-integration-model-for-predicting-inflation-movement-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10025</span> Assessment of Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Percentage Oxygen Saturation in Young Habitual Shisha Smokers in Kano, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20I.%20Waziri">B. I. Waziri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Yahaya"> M. A. Yahaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Practice of shisha smoking involves the use of a multi-stemmed instrument to smoke tobacco or non-tobacco herbal mixture where the smoke is designed to pass through water or other liquid before reaching the smoker. The presence of tobacco content and the use of charcoal when burning the ingredients in this popular practice necessitate for investigation of many physiological parameters of habitual shisha smokers in our environment. Methods: 103 young shisha smokers, regular in the practice for more than three years living in Nasarawa, Kano state, Nigeria, were recruited for the study. The controls were 100 university students (nonsmokers) match for age (18 - 30 years), sex and BMI (20 - 24) with the smokers. Participants with known history of cigarette smoking, cardiovascular or respiratory diseases were excluded. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health, Kano Nigeria. Hear rate, blood pressure and percentage oxygen saturation (SPO₂) were measured using stethoscope, sphygmomanometer and pulse oximeter respectively. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 and mean values of the measured parameters were compared between the smokers and controls using independent sample t-test. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The mean Heart rate was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.01) in the shisha smokers (91.32 ± 0.84) compared to controls (79.19 ± 1.18). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was also higher (p = 0.00) in the shisha smokers (128.75 ± 1.11 and 85.85 ± 0.78 respectively) compared to controls with the systolic and diastolic pressure of 116.64 ± 0.82 and 80.39 ± 0.83 respectively. SPO₂ was significantly lower (p = 0.00) in the shisha smokers (91.98% ± 0.42%) compared to the controls (97.98 ± 0.18). Conclusion: Habitual Shisha Smoking caused a significant increase in Heart rate, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and a significant decrease in SPO2 among youth in Kano State, Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title="blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20rate" title=" heart rate"> heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shisha" title=" shisha"> shisha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98522/assessment-of-heart-rate-blood-pressure-and-percentage-oxygen-saturation-in-young-habitual-shisha-smokers-in-kano-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10024</span> The Amount of Organic Phosphates (Like DPG) Existing in Blood is Determining Factor of Mammal’s Bulk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Amirmardfar">Ramin Amirmardfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Throughout Necessary oxygen should be supplied for all cells of a mammal at any moment through blood to make it possible remain alive all cells the mammal’s body. In case a mammal’s bulk is large, there is a farther distance between cells in different tissues and mammals’ heart. Therefore red blood cells in bulky mammal’s body should be capable of conveying oxygen to farther distances. To make it practical, oxygen should be glued red blood cells tenaciously. In other words, cohesion strength of oxygen to red blood cell of bulky mammal’s blood should be much more than the same of small mammal’s blood. In mammal’s bodies, the controlling factor of amount of cohesion of oxygen to red blood cell, are organic phosphates (like DPG). The less DPG in red blood cells of a mammal, the more cohesion of oxygen to red blood cell (at the same rate). As much as oxygen is glued more tenacious to red blood cells, oxygen could been carried to farther distance and as much as oxygen could be conveyed to farther points of heart, bulk of mammal could be larger at the same rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammals%20size" title="mammals size">mammals size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals%20size" title=" animals size"> animals size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20phosphates" title=" organic phosphates"> organic phosphates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPG" title=" DPG"> DPG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20blood%20cell" title=" red blood cell"> red blood cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolism" title=" metabolism"> metabolism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12665/the-amount-of-organic-phosphates-like-dpg-existing-in-blood-is-determining-factor-of-mammals-bulk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10023</span> Phase Equilibria in the Ln-Sr-Co-O Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasiia%20Maklakova">Anastasiia Maklakova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The perovskite type oxides formed in the Ln-Me-Me/-O systems (where Ln – rare-earth, Me – alkaline earth metal, Me/ - 3-d metal) have potential applications as gas sensors, catalysts or cathode materials for IT-SOFCs due to the high values of mixed electronic -ionic conductivity and high oxygen diffusivity. Complex oxides in the Sr-(Pr,Gd)-Co-O systems were prepared via the glycerol-nitrate technique The phase composition was determined using a Shimadzu XRD-7000 diffractometer at room temperature in air. Phase identification was performed using the ICDD database. The structure was refined by the full-profile Rietveld method using Fullprof 2008 software. Gradual substitution of strontium by Pr or Gd leads to the decrease of unit cell parameters and unit cell volume that can be explained by the size factor. An introduction of Pr or Gd into the strontium cobaltite increases the oxygen content in samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibria" title="phase equilibria">phase equilibria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20structure" title=" crystal structure"> crystal structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20nonstoichiometry" title=" oxygen nonstoichiometry"> oxygen nonstoichiometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cell" title=" solid oxide fuel cell"> solid oxide fuel cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122949/phase-equilibria-in-the-ln-sr-co-o-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10022</span> Highly Sensitive, Low-Cost Oxygen Gas Sensor Based on ZnO Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chang">Xin Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daping%20Chu"> Daping Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxygen gas sensing technology has progressed since the last century and it has been extensively used in a wide range of applications such as controlling the combustion process by sensing the oxygen level in the exhaust gas of automobiles to ensure the catalytic converter is in a good working condition. Similar sensors are also used in industrial boilers to make the combustion process economic and environmentally friendly. Different gas sensing mechanisms have been developed: ceramic-based potentiometric equilibrium sensors and semiconductor-based sensors by oxygen absorption. In this work, we present a highly sensitive and low-cost oxygen gas sensor based on Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (average particle size of 35nm) dispersion in ethanol. The sensor is able to measure the pressure range from 103 mBar to 10-5 mBar with a sensitivity of more than 102 mA/Bar. The sensor is also erasable with heat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen" title=" oxygen"> oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102985/highly-sensitive-low-cost-oxygen-gas-sensor-based-on-zno-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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