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the rulers plot together against the LORD and against his anointed one.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/psalms/2.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD and against his Anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/psalms/2.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/psalms/2.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, <i>saying</i>,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/psalms/2.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, And the rulers take counsel together, Against the LORD and against His Anointed, <i>saying,</i><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/psalms/2.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand And the rulers conspire together Against the LORD and against His Anointed, <i>saying,</i><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/psalms/2.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand And the rulers take counsel together Against the LORD and against His Anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/psalms/2.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand, And the rulers take counsel together Against the LORD and against His Anointed:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/psalms/2.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand And the rulers take counsel together Against Yahweh and against His Anointed, <i>saying</i>,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/psalms/2.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand; And the rulers take counsel together Against the LORD and His Anointed (the Davidic King, the Messiah, the Christ), saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/psalms/2.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand, and the rulers conspire together against the LORD and his Anointed One:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/psalms/2.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand, and the rulers conspire together against the LORD and His Anointed One:&#8221 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/psalms/2.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, And the rulers take counsel together, Against Jehovah, and against his anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/psalms/2.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The kings of this earth have all joined together to turn against the LORD and his chosen king. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/psalms/2.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/psalms/2.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Kings take their stands. Rulers make plans together against the LORD and against his Messiah by saying, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/psalms/2.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Their kings revolt, their rulers plot together against the LORD and against the king he chose. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/psalms/2.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />As the kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers conspire together against the LORD and his anointed one, they say, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/psalms/2.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/psalms/2.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth form a united front; the rulers collaborate against the LORD and his anointed king. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/psalms/2.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take a stand, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his Anointed:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/psalms/2.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/psalms/2.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth take a stand, and the rulers take counsel together, against Yahweh, and against his Anointed, saying, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/psalms/2.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />Kings of the earth station themselves, and princes have been united together, against YHWH, and against His Messiah:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/psalms/2.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> Station themselves do kings of the earth, And princes have been united together, Against Jehovah, and against His Messiah:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/psalms/2.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />The kings of the earth will place themselves, and the princes sat down together against Jehovah and against his Messiah.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/psalms/2.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth stood up, and the princes met together, against the Lord and against his Christ. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/psalms/2.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth have stood up, and the leaders have joined together as one, against the Lord and against his Christ:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/psalms/2.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Kings on earth rise up and princes plot together against the LORD and against his anointed one: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/psalms/2.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD and his anointed, saying,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/psalms/2.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />The kings of the earth and the rulers have conspired and have taken counsel together against the LORD and against his anointed, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/psalms/2.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />The kings and rulers of the Earth stood up and counseled together against LORD JEHOVAH and against his Messiah:<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/psalms/2.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />The kings of the earth stand up, And the rulers take counsel together, Against the LORD, and against His anointed:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/psalms/2.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers gathered themselves together, against the Lord, and against his Christ;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/psalms/2-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/nFaD2oDhKPc?start=55" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/psalms/2.htm">The Triumphant Messiah</a></span><br><span class="reftext">1</span>Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? <span class="reftext">2</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: mal·ḵê- (N-mpc) -- King. From malak; a king.">The kings</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: ’e·reṣ (N-fs) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth.">of the earth</a> <a href="/hebrew/3320.htm" title="3320: yiṯ·yaṣ·ṣə·ḇū (V-Hitpael-Imperf-3mp) -- To set or station oneself, take one's stand. A primitive root; to place; reflexively, to station, offer, continue.">take their stand</a> <a href="/hebrew/7336.htm" title="7336: wə·rō·wz·nîm (Conj-w:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-mp) -- To be weighty, judicious or commanding. A primitive root; probably to be heavy, i.e. honorable.">and the rulers</a> <a href="/hebrew/3245.htm" title="3245: nō·ws·ḏū- (V-Nifal-Perf-3cp) -- A primitive root; to set; intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down together, i.e. Settle, consult.">gather</a> <a href="/hebrew/3162.htm" title="3162: yā·ḥaḏ (Adv) -- Unitedness. From yachad; properly, a unit, i.e. unitedly.">together,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">against</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: wə·‘al- (Conj-w:: Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">and against</a> <a href="/hebrew/4899.htm" title="4899: mə·šî·ḥōw (Adj-msc:: 3ms) -- Anointed. From mashach; anointed; usually a consecrated person; specifically, the Messiah.">His Anointed One:</a> </span><span class="reftext">3</span>“Let us break Their chains and cast away Their cords.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/4-25.htm">Acts 4:25-26</a></span><br />You spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of Your servant, our father David: ‘Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? / The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the Lord and against His Anointed One.’<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/19-19.htm">Revelation 19:19</a></span><br />Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies assembled to wage war against the One seated on the horse, and against His army.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/13-33.htm">Acts 13:33</a></span><br />He has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising up Jesus. As it is written in the second Psalm: ‘You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.’<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/27-1.htm">Matthew 27:1</a></span><br />When morning came, all the chief priests and elders of the people conspired against Jesus to put Him to death.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/19-12.htm">John 19:12-15</a></span><br />From then on, Pilate tried to release Him, but the Jews kept shouting, “If you release this man, you are no friend of Caesar. Anyone who declares himself a king is defying Caesar.” / When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat on the judgment seat at a place called the Stone Pavement, which in Hebrew is Gabbatha. / It was the day of Preparation for the Passover, about the sixth hour. And Pilate said to the Jews, “Here is your King!” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/23-11.htm">Luke 23:11</a></span><br />And even Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked Him. Dressing Him in a fine robe, they sent Him back to Pilate.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/15-1.htm">Mark 15:1</a></span><br />Early in the morning, the chief priests, elders, scribes, and the whole Sanhedrin devised a plan. They bound Jesus, led Him away, and handed Him over to Pilate.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/18-28.htm">John 18:28-32</a></span><br />Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and unable to eat the Passover. / So Pilate went out to them and asked, “What accusation are you bringing against this man?” / “If He were not a criminal,” they replied, “we would not have handed Him over to you.” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/2-16.htm">Matthew 2:16</a></span><br />When Herod saw that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was filled with rage. Sending orders, he put to death all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, according to the time he had learned from the Magi.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/17-7.htm">Acts 17:7</a></span><br />and Jason has welcomed them into his home. They are all defying Caesar’s decrees, saying that there is another king, named Jesus!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/7-6.htm">Isaiah 7:6</a></span><br />‘Let us invade Judah, terrorize it, and divide it among ourselves. Then we can install the son of Tabeal over it as king.’<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/7-25.htm">Daniel 7:25</a></span><br />He will speak out against the Most High and oppress the saints of the Most High, intending to change the appointed times and laws; and the saints will be given into his hand for a time, and times, and half a time.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/8-9.htm">Isaiah 8:9-10</a></span><br />Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered! / Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/11-19.htm">Jeremiah 11:19</a></span><br />For I was like a gentle lamb led to slaughter; I did not know that they had plotted against me: “Let us destroy the tree with its fruit; let us cut him off from the land of the living, that his name may be remembered no more.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/11-2.htm">Ezekiel 11:2</a></span><br />And the LORD said to me, “Son of man, these are the men who plot evil and give wicked counsel in this city.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, saying,</p><p class="hdg">kings</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/2-10.htm">Psalm 2:10</a></b></br> Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4</a></b></br> For, lo, the kings were assembled, they passed by together.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/110-5.htm">Psalm 110:5</a></b></br> The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.</p><p class="hdg">rulers</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/26-3.htm">Matthew 26:3,59</a></b></br> Then assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, unto the palace of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas, … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/27-1.htm">Matthew 27:1</a></b></br> When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/acts/4-5.htm">Acts 4:5-8</a></b></br> And it came to pass on the morrow, that their rulers, and elders, and scribes, … </p><p class="hdg">Lord</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/16-7.htm">Exodus 16:7</a></b></br> And in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of the LORD; for that he heareth your murmurings against the LORD: and what <i>are</i> we, that ye murmur against us?</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/21-30.htm">Proverbs 21:30</a></b></br> <i>There is</i> no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/john/15-23.htm">John 15:23</a></b></br> He that hateth me hateth my Father also.</p><p class="hdg">anointed</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/45-7.htm">Psalm 45:7</a></b></br> Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/89-20.htm">Psalm 89:20</a></b></br> I have found David my servant; with my holy oil have I anointed him:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/61-1.htm">Isaiah 61:1</a></b></br> The Spirit of the Lord GOD <i>is</i> upon me; because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to <i>them that are</i> bound;</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_chronicles/28-15.htm">Anointed</a> <a href="/psalms/1-1.htm">Counsel</a> <a href="/job/42-15.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/job/41-23.htm">Fixed</a> <a href="/job/39-12.htm">Gather</a> <a href="/job/36-7.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/john/4-25.htm">Messiah</a> <a href="/job/39-25.htm">Princes</a> <a href="/job/42-3.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/job/34-19.htm">Rulers</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/6-6.htm">Selection</a> <a href="/psalms/1-5.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/job/38-14.htm">Station</a> <a href="/job/41-25.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/job/41-23.htm">Together</a> <a href="/nehemiah/10-29.htm">United</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/psalms/2-6.htm">Anointed</a> <a href="/psalms/13-2.htm">Counsel</a> <a href="/psalms/2-8.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/psalms/10-3.htm">Fixed</a> <a href="/psalms/7-7.htm">Gather</a> <a href="/psalms/2-10.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/daniel/9-25.htm">Messiah</a> <a href="/psalms/45-16.htm">Princes</a> <a href="/psalms/10-3.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/psalms/2-10.htm">Rulers</a> <a href="/psalms/18-50.htm">Selection</a> <a href="/psalms/4-4.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/psalms/5-5.htm">Station</a> <a href="/psalms/3-6.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/psalms/4-8.htm">Together</a> <a href="/psalms/94-20.htm">United</a><div class="vheading2">Psalm 2</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/2-1.htm">The kingdom of Christ</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/2-10.htm">Kings are exhorted to accept it</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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Historically, kings often viewed themselves as ultimate authorities, sometimes even as divine figures. In the biblical context, this reflects the frequent rebellion of nations against God's rule, as seen in the narratives of the Old Testament where Israel faced opposition from surrounding nations. This rebellion is not just political but spiritual, as it represents a rejection of God's sovereignty.<p><b>and the rulers gather together</b><br>The gathering of rulers signifies a united front against a common perceived threat. In ancient times, alliances were often formed for military or political purposes. This phrase suggests a concerted effort to resist divine authority, reminiscent of the Tower of Babel (<a href="/genesis/11.htm">Genesis 11:1-9</a>), where humanity united in defiance of God. It also foreshadows the end-times coalition against God described in <a href="/revelation/19-19.htm">Revelation 19:19</a>.<p><b>against the LORD</b><br>The opposition is directly against Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel. This reflects the broader biblical theme of humanity's rebellion against God, beginning with Adam and Eve in Genesis. Throughout Scripture, the LORD is depicted as the ultimate authority and creator, whose plans cannot be thwarted by human schemes. This rebellion is ultimately futile, as God's purposes will prevail.<p><b>and against His Anointed One:</b><br>The term "Anointed One" refers to the Messiah, a title for Jesus Christ. In the Old Testament, anointing was a sign of being chosen by God for a specific purpose, often used for kings and priests. This phrase prophetically points to the opposition Jesus faced during His earthly ministry and the continued resistance against His reign. It connects to New Testament passages such as <a href="/acts/4-25.htm">Acts 4:25-27</a>, where the early church identifies Jesus as the fulfillment of this prophecy. The Anointed One is central to God's redemptive plan, and opposition to Him is ultimately opposition to God's salvation.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_kings_of_the_earth.htm">The Kings of the Earth</a></b><br>These are the earthly rulers and leaders who oppose God's authority. In the context of <a href="/bsb/psalms/2.htm">Psalm 2</a>, they symbolize human rebellion against divine rule.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_rulers.htm">The Rulers</a></b><br>Similar to the kings, these are influential figures who conspire against God. They represent collective human authority that challenges God's sovereignty.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a></b><br>Refers to Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel, who is the ultimate authority and ruler over all creation.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/h/his_anointed_one.htm">His Anointed One</a></b><br>This term, "Anointed One," is translated from the Hebrew word "Mashiach" (Messiah), referring to the one chosen by God. In a Christian context, this is understood as a prophecy pointing to Jesus Christ.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/g/gather_together.htm">Gather Together</a></b><br>This phrase indicates a deliberate and unified opposition against God and His purposes, highlighting the futility of human rebellion.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_futility_of_human_rebellion.htm">The Futility of Human Rebellion</a></b><br>Human attempts to oppose God are ultimately futile. God's sovereignty cannot be thwarted by earthly powers.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_sovereignty_of_god.htm">The Sovereignty of God</a></b><br>God is the ultimate authority, and His plans will prevail despite human opposition. Believers can find comfort in His unchanging rule.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_christ_as_the_anointed_one.htm">The Role of Christ as the Anointed One</a></b><br>Jesus, as the Anointed One, fulfills the prophecy of <a href="/bsb/psalms/2.htm">Psalm 2</a>. Understanding His role strengthens our faith in His divine mission and authority.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/u/unity_in_opposition_to_god.htm">Unity in Opposition to God</a></b><br>The unity of earthly rulers against God serves as a warning against aligning with worldly powers that oppose divine principles.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/trust_in_god's_ultimate_victory.htm">Trust in God's Ultimate Victory</a></b><br>Believers are encouraged to trust in God's ultimate victory over evil, as prophesied in Scripture, and to remain steadfast in faith.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_psalm_2.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Psalm 2</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_psalm_2_2_literal_without_records.htm">How can Psalm 2:2 be taken literally when there is no historical record of all nations conspiring against Israel’s king? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_'kiss_the_son'_mean_in_ps._2_12.htm">What does "kiss the Son" mean in Psalm 2:12?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_is_god_both_mocking_and_merciful.htm">How do we reconcile Psalm 2:4’s image of God mocking earthly rulers with other passages portraying God as merciful and compassionate? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_the_meaning_of_'messiah'.htm">What is the meaning of "Messiah"?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/psalms/2.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) <span class= "bld">Set themselves</span>--<span class= "ital">i.e., with hostile intent, </span>as in <a href="/jeremiah/46-4.htm" title="Harness the horses; and get up, you horsemen, and stand forth with your helmets; furbish the spears, and put on the brigandines.">Jeremiah 46:4</a>, where the same word is used of warriors: "Stand forth with your helmets."<p><span class= "bld">Rulers.</span>--Properly, <span class= "ital">grave dignitaries.</span><p><span class= "bld">Take counsel.</span>--Better, <span class= "ital">have taken their pians, </span>and are now mustering to carry them into effect. Notice the change of tense: in the first clause, the poet <span class= "ital">sees, </span>as it were, the array; in the second, he goes back to its origin.<p><span class= "bld">Against the Lord.</span>--Notice the majestic simplicity of this line. The word Messiah is applicable in its first sense to any one anointed for a holy office or with holy oil (<a href="/leviticus/4-3.htm" title="If the priest that is anointed do sin according to the sin of the people; then let him bring for his sin, which he has sinned, a young bullock without blemish to the LORD for a sin offering.">Leviticus 4:3</a>; <a href="/leviticus/4-5.htm" title="And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock's blood, and bring it to the tabernacle of the congregation:">Leviticus 4:5</a>; <a href="/leviticus/4-16.htm" title="And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood to the tabernacle of the congregation:">Leviticus 4:16</a>). Its distinctive reference to an expected prince of the chosen people, who was to redeem them from their enemies, and fulfil completely all the Divine promises for them, probably dates from this psalm, or more distinctly from this psalm than from any one passage. At least, that the traditional Jewish interpretation had fastened upon it as of this importance is shown by the frequent and emphatic quotation of this psalm in the New Testament. (See New Testament use of these verses in <a href="/acts/4-25.htm" title="Who by the mouth of your servant David have said, Why did the heathen rage, and the people imagine vain things?">Acts 4:25</a>, and Note in <span class= "ital">New Testament Commentary.</span>) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/2.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 2.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">The kings of the earth set themselves</span>; or<span class="accented">, draw themselves up in array</span> (comp. <a href="/jeremiah/46-4.htm">Jeremiah 46:4</a>). Such kings as Herod the Great, Herod Agrippa, Nero, Galerius, Diocletian, Julian the Apostate, etc. There is always a warfare between the world and the Church, in which kings are apt to take a part, most often on the worldly side. And the rulers take counsel together. "Rulers" are persons having authority, but below the rank of kings Such were the ethnarchs and tetrarchs of the first century, the governors of provinces under the Roman emperor, the members of the Jewish Sanhedrin, and the like. These last frequently "took counsel against the Lord" (see <a href="/matthew/26-3.htm">Matthew 26:3 - 5</a>; <a href="/matthew/27-1.htm">Matthew 27:1</a>; <a href="/acts/4-5.htm">Acts 4:5, 6</a>; <a href="/acts/5-21.htm">Acts 5:21-41</a>). Against the Lord, and against his Anointed, saying. In David's time the recognized "anointed of the Lord" was the divinely appointed King of Israel (<a href="/1_samuel/2-10.htm">1 Samuel 2:10</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/12-3.htm">1 Samuel 12:3, 5</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/16-6.htm">1 Samuel 16:6</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/24-6.htm">1 Samuel 24:6, 10</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/26-7.htm">1 Samuel 26:7, 16</a>; <a href="/2_samuel/1-14.htm">2 Samuel 1:14, 16</a>: 19:21; 22:51; Psalm 17:50; 20:6; 28:8) - first Saul, and then David; but David here seems to designate by the term a Greater than himself - the true theocratic King, whom he typified. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/psalms/2-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">The kings</span><br /><span class="heb">מַלְכֵי־</span> <span class="translit">(mal·ḵê-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the earth</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶ֗רֶץ</span> <span class="translit">(’e·reṣ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_776.htm">Strong's 776: </a> </span><span class="str2">Earth, land</span><br /><br /><span class="word">take their stand</span><br /><span class="heb">יִ֥תְיַצְּב֨וּ ׀</span> <span class="translit">(yiṯ·yaṣ·ṣə·ḇū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3320.htm">Strong's 3320: </a> </span><span class="str2">To set or station oneself, take one's stand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and the rulers</span><br /><span class="heb">וְרוֹזְנִ֥ים</span> <span class="translit">(wə·rō·wz·nîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7336.htm">Strong's 7336: </a> </span><span class="str2">To be weighty, judicious or commanding</span><br /><br /><span class="word">gather</span><br /><span class="heb">נֽוֹסְדוּ־</span> <span class="translit">(nō·ws·ḏū-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3245.htm">Strong's 3245: </a> </span><span class="str2">To set, to found, to sit down together, settle, consult</span><br /><br /><span class="word">together,</span><br /><span class="heb">יָ֑חַד</span> <span class="translit">(yā·ḥaḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3162.htm">Strong's 3162: </a> </span><span class="str2">A unit, unitedly</span><br /><br /><span class="word">against</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">יְ֝הוָה</span> <span class="translit">(Yah·weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and against</span><br /><span class="heb">וְעַל־</span> <span class="translit">(wə·‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">His Anointed One:</span><br /><span class="heb">מְשִׁיחֽוֹ׃</span> <span class="translit">(mə·šî·ḥōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4899.htm">Strong's 4899: </a> </span><span class="str2">Anointed, a consecrated person, the Messiah</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/psalms/2-2.htm">Psalm 2:2 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/psalms/2-2.htm">OT Poetry: Psalm 2:2 The kings of the earth take (Psalm Ps Psa.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/psalms/2-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Psalm 2:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Psalm 2:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/psalms/2-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Psalm 2:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Psalm 2:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>