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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mazhab" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mazhab"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mazhab</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mazhab-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ruang_Lingkup_Krimonologi_Menurut_Muhammad_Mustafa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruang_Lingkup_Krimonologi_Menurut_Muhammad_Mustafa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ruang Lingkup Krimonologi Menurut Muhammad Mustafa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruang_Lingkup_Krimonologi_Menurut_Muhammad_Mustafa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dasar-dasar_Teori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dasar-dasar_Teori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dasar-dasar Teori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dasar-dasar_Teori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kriminologi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 79 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">79 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="علم الإجرام – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الإجرام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminolox%C3%ADa" title="Criminoloxía – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Criminoloxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologiya" title="Kriminologiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kriminologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C" title="کریمینولوژی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کریمینولوژی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminolohiya" title="Kriminolohiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kriminolohiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Крыміналогія – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крыміналогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Криминология – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Криминология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="অপরাধ বিজ্ঞান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অপরাধ বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torfedouriezh" title="Torfedouriezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Torfedouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologija" title="Kriminologija – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kriminologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologia" title="Criminologia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Criminologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تاوانناسی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تاوانناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologie" title="Kriminologie – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kriminologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troseddeg" title="Troseddeg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Troseddeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologie" title="Kriminologie – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kriminologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Εγκληματολογία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εγκληματολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminology" title="Criminology – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Criminology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologio" title="Kriminologio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kriminologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminolog%C3%ADa" title="Criminología – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Criminología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminoloogia" title="Kriminoloogia – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kriminoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologia" title="Kriminologia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kriminologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="جرم‌شناسی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جرم‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologia" title="Kriminologia – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kriminologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologie" title="Criminologie – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Criminologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminolox%C3%ADa" title="Criminoloxía – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Criminoloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="קרימינולוגיה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרימינולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="अपराध शास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अपराध शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologija" title="Kriminologija – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kriminologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminol%C3%B3gia" title="Kriminológia – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kriminológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Քրեաբանություն – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քրեաբանություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologia" title="Criminologia – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Criminologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E5%AD%A6" title="犯罪学 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="犯罪学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologiya" title="Kriminologiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kriminologiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Криминология – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Криминология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7-%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಅಪರಾಧ-ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಪರಾಧ-ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%94%EC%A3%84%ED%95%99" title="범죄학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="범죄학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawannas%C3%AE" title="Tawannasî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tawannasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Криминология – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Криминология" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologia" title="Criminologia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Criminologia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologie" title="Kriminologie – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kriminologie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologija" title="Kriminologija – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kriminologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminolo%C4%A3ija" title="Kriminoloģija – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kriminoloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Криминологија – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Криминологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF" title="ക്രിമിനോളജി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രിമിനോളജി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminolo%C4%A1ija" title="Kriminoloġija – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kriminoloġija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologie" title="Criminologie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Criminologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologia" title="Criminologia – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Criminologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A7_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਅਪਰਾਧ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਪਰਾਧ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryminologia" title="Kryminologia – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kryminologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="جرمپوهنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جرمپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologia" title="Criminologia – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Criminologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminologie" title="Criminologie – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Criminologie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Криминология – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Криминология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Криминология – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Криминология" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جرميات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جرميات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologija" title="Kriminologija – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kriminologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminol%C3%B3gia" title="Kriminológia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kriminológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%90%D9%85%D9%90%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="کرِمِنالوجی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کرِمِنالوجی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminalistika" title="Kriminalistika – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kriminalistika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologjia" title="Kriminologjia – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kriminologjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Криминологија – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Криминологија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologi" title="Kriminologi – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kriminologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ҷурмшиносӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷурмшиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="อาชญาวิทยา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาชญาวิทยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminoloji" title="Kriminoloji – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kriminoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кримінологія – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кримінологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جرمیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminologiya" title="Kriminologiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kriminologiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%99i_ph%E1%BA%A1m_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Tội phạm học – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tội phạm học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminolohiya" title="Kriminolohiya – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kriminolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E5%AD%A6" title="犯罪学 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="犯罪学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E5%AD%B8" title="犯罪學 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="犯罪學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%C4%81n-ch%C5%8De-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Hoān-chōe-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoān-chōe-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E5%AD%B8" title="犯罪學 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="犯罪學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161733#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Cari sumber:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kriminologi%22&num=50">"Kriminologi"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//google.com/search?q=%22Kriminologi%22&tbm=nws">berita</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//google.com/search?&q=%22Kriminologi%22+site:news.google.com/newspapers&source=newspapers">surat kabar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kriminologi%22">buku</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kriminologi%22">cendekiawan</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kriminologi%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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title="Arkeoastronomi">Arkeoastronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astroarkeologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astroarkeologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Astroarkeologi</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Ilmu bumi">Ilmu bumi</a></b><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meteorologi" title="Meteorologi">Meteorologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klimatologi" title="Klimatologi">Klimatologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekologi" title="Ekologi">Ekologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_lingkungan" title="Ilmu lingkungan">Ilmu lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geodesi" title="Geodesi">Geodesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi">Geologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geomorfologi" title="Geomorfologi">Geomorfologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geofisika" title="Geofisika">Geofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasiologi" title="Glasiologi">Glasiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidrologi" title="Hidrologi">Hidrologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnologi" title="Limnologi">Limnologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi">Oseanografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoklimatologi" title="Paleoklimatologi">Paleoklimatologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoekologi" title="Paleoekologi">Paleoekologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palinologi" title="Palinologi">Palinologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedologi" title="Pedologi">Pedologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edafologi" title="Edafologi">Edafologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geografi_fisik" title="Geografi fisik">Geografi fisik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_luar_angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu luar angkasa (halaman belum tersedia)">Ilmu luar angkasa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background:#F8F9FA;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#DDDDFF;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_hayati" title="Ilmu hayati">Hayati</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b><a href="/wiki/Biologi" title="Biologi">Biologi</a></b><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatomi" title="Anatomi">Anatomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiologi" title="Astrobiologi">Astrobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofisika" title="Biofisika">Biofisika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogeografi" title="Biogeografi">Biogeografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biokimia" title="Biokimia">Biokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_evolusioner" title="Biologi evolusioner">Biologi evolusioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_kelautan" title="Biologi kelautan">Biologi kelautan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_konservasi" title="Biologi konservasi">Biologi konservasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_molekuler" title="Biologi molekuler">Biologi molekuler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_perkembangan" title="Biologi perkembangan">Biologi perkembangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_sel" title="Biologi sel">Biologi sel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_tanah" title="Biologi tanah">Biologi tanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopsikologi" title="Biopsikologi">Biopsikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioteknologi" title="Bioteknologi">Bioteknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botani" title="Botani">Botani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekologi" title="Ekologi">Ekologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnobiologi" title="Etnobiologi">Etnobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etologi" title="Etologi">Etologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisiologi" title="Fisiologi">Fisiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetika" title="Genetika">Genetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerontologi" title="Gerontologi">Gerontologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imunologi" title="Imunologi">Imunologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriobiologi" title="Kriobiologi">Kriobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnologi" title="Limnologi">Limnologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikrobiologi" title="Mikrobiologi">Mikrobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_syaraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu syaraf">Ilmu syaraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontologi" title="Paleontologi">Paleontologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitologi" title="Parasitologi">Parasitologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiobiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radiobiologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Radiobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistematika" title="Sistematika">Sistematika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiobiologi" title="Sosiobiologi">Sosiobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biologis" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biologis">Teknik biologis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toksikologi" title="Toksikologi">Toksikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoologi" title="Zoologi">Zoologi</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background:#F8F9FA;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#DDDDFF;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_sosial" title="Ilmu sosial">Sosial</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antropologi" title="Antropologi">Antropologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkeologi" title="Arkeologi">Arkeologi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kriminologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demografi" title="Demografi">Demografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi" title="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendidikan" title="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geografi_manusia" title="Geografi manusia">Geografi manusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_internasional" title="Hubungan internasional">Hubungan internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum" title="Hukum">Hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">Linguistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_politik" title="Ilmu politik">Ilmu politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi" title="Psikologi">Psikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi">Sosiologi</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background:#F8F9FA;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#DDDDFF;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_terapan" title="Ilmu terapan">Terapan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b><a href="/wiki/Teknik" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik">Teknik dan rekayasa</a></b><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biomedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biomedis">Biomedis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kedirgantaraan" title="Teknik kedirgantaraan">Dirgantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_genetika" class="mw-redirect" title="Rekayasa genetika">Genetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer">Ilmu komputer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_industri" title="Teknik industri">Industri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_kimia" title="Teknik kimia">Kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_komputer" title="Teknik komputer">Komputer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_listrik" title="Teknik listrik">Listrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_mesin" title="Teknik mesin">Mesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeni" title="Zeni">Militer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_nuklir" title="Teknik nuklir">Nuklir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekayasa_perangkat_lunak" title="Rekayasa perangkat lunak">Perangkat lunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_perlindungan_kebakaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik perlindungan kebakaran">Perlindungan kebakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pertambangan" title="Teknik pertambangan">Pertambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_pertanian" title="Teknik pertanian">Pertanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riset_operasi" title="Riset operasi">Riset operasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotika" title="Robotika">Robotika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_sipil" title="Teknik sipil">Sipil</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kesehatan" title="Ilmu kesehatan">Ilmu kesehatan</a></b><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidemiologi" title="Epidemiologi">Epidemiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmasi" title="Farmasi">Farmasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedokteran" title="Kedokteran">Kedokteran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedokteran_gigi" title="Kedokteran gigi">Kedokteran gigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedokteran_hewan" title="Kedokteran hewan">Kedokteran hewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keperawatan" title="Keperawatan">Keperawatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perawatan_kesehatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Perawatan kesehatan">Perawatan kesehatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biologis" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biologis">Teknik biologis</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background:#F8F9FA;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#DDDDFF;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Antardisiplin" title="Antardisiplin">Antardisiplin</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisika_terapan" title="Fisika terapan">Fisika terapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecerdasan_buatan" title="Kecerdasan buatan">Kecerdasan buatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioetika" title="Bioetika">Bioetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioinformatika" title="Bioinformatika">Bioinformatika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknik_biomedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Teknik biomedis">Teknik biomedis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biostatistika" title="Biostatistika">Biostatistika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kognitif" title="Ilmu kognitif">Ilmu kognitif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_kompleks" title="Sistem kompleks">Sistem kompleks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistik_komputasi" title="Linguistik komputasi">Linguistik komputasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studi_budaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studi budaya (halaman belum tersedia)">Studi budaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibernetika" title="Sibernetika">Sibernetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_lingkungan" title="Ilmu lingkungan">Ilmu lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_sosial_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu sosial lingkungan (halaman belum tersedia)">Ilmu sosial lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studi_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studi lingkungan (halaman belum tersedia)">Studi lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studi_etnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studi etnik (halaman belum tersedia)">Studi etnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_evolusioner" title="Psikologi evolusioner">Psikologi evolusioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehutanan" title="Kehutanan">Kehutanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesehatan" title="Kesehatan">Kesehatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_perpustakaan" title="Ilmu perpustakaan">Ilmu perpustakaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_matematika_dan_teori" title="Biologi matematika dan teori">Biologi matematika dan teori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisika_matematika" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisika matematika">Fisika matematika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_militer" title="Ilmu militer">Ilmu militer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_jaringan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu jaringan (halaman belum tersedia)">Ilmu jaringan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_syaraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik syaraf (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik syaraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_syaraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmu syaraf">Ilmu syaraf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_ilmu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian ilmu (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian ilmu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu,_teknologi,_dan_masyarakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu, teknologi, dan masyarakat (halaman belum tersedia)">Ilmu, teknologi, dan masyarakat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Permodelan_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permodelan ilmiah (halaman belum tersedia)">Permodelan ilmiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiotika" title="Semiotika">Semiotika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiobiologi" title="Sosiobiologi">Sosiobiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistika" title="Statistika">Statistika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_sistem" title="Ilmu sistem">Ilmu sistem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transdisiplineritas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transdisiplineritas (halaman belum tersedia)">Transdisiplineritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perencanaan_kota" class="mw-redirect" title="Perencanaan kota">Perencanaan kota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_web" title="Ilmu web">Ilmu web</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background:#F8F9FA;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#DDDDFF;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Filosofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Filosofi">Filosofi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sejarah" title="Sejarah">Sejarah</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penelitian_murni" title="Penelitian murni">Penelitian murni</a></li> <li><a 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class="mw-file-description" title="Category"><img alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ilmu" title="Kategori:Ilmu">Kategori</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Pembicaraan Templat:Ilmu (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Ilmu&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kriminologi</b> berasal dari kata <i>crimen</i> yang artinya adalah kejahatan dan <i>logos</i> yang artinya <a href="/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu">ilmu</a>, sehingga <b>kriminologi</b> merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang kejahatan dan tindak kriminal.<sup id="cite_ref-Mustafa_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mustafa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pengertian menurut para ahli : </p> <ul><li>W.A Bonger: <i>Kriminologi adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang bertujuan menyelidiki gejala kejahatan seluas-luasnya.</i></li> <li>Sutherland: <i>Kriminologi adalah keseluruhan ilmu pengetahuan yang bertalian dengan perbuatan kejahatan sebagai gejala sosial dan mencakup proses-proses perbuatan hukum, pelanggaran hukum dan reaksi atas pelanggaran hukum.</i></li> <li>Wood: <i>Kriminologi adalah keseluruhan pengetahuan yang diperoleh berdasarkan teori atau pengalaman yang bertalian dengan perbuatan jahat dan penjahat dan,termaksud di dalamnya reaksi dari masyarakat terhadap perbuatan jahat dan para penjahat.</i></li> <li>Noach: <i>Kriminologi adalah ilmu pengetahuan tentang perbuatan jahat dan perilaku tercela yang menyangkut orang-orang terlibat dalam perilaku jahat dan perbuatan tercela itu.</i></li> <li>Walter Reckless: <i>Kriminologi adalah pemahaman ketertiban individu dalam tingkah laku delinkuen dan tingkah laku jahat dan pemahaman bekerjanya sistem peradilan pidana.</i></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mazhab">Mazhab</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Mazhab" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mazhab"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ada tiga aliran pemikiran utama dalam teori kriminologi pada generasi awal, yang mencakup periode dari pertengahan abad ke-18 hingga pertengahan abad kedua puluh:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Classical</li> <li>Positivist</li> <li>Chicago</li></ul> <p>Aliran pemikiran ini digantikan oleh beberapa paradigma kriminologi kontemporer seperti sub-culture, control, strain, labelling, critical criminology, cultural criminology, postmodern criminology, feminist criminology dan lain sebagainya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ruang_Lingkup_Krimonologi_Menurut_Muhammad_Mustafa">Ruang Lingkup Krimonologi Menurut Muhammad Mustafa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Ruang Lingkup Krimonologi Menurut Muhammad Mustafa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ruang Lingkup Krimonologi Menurut Muhammad Mustafa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menurut Muhammad Mustafa,<sup id="cite_ref-Mustafa_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mustafa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ruang lingkup pembahasan dalam kriminologi dapat dibagi menjadi: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Kejahatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kejahatan">Kejahatan</a>, perilaku menyimpang, dan kenakalan,</li> <li>Pola tingkah laku kejahatan dan sebab musabab terjadinya kejahatan,</li> <li>Korban kejahatan,</li> <li>Reaksi sosial masyarakat terhadap kejahatan.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dasar-dasar_Teori">Dasar-dasar Teori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Dasar-dasar Teori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dasar-dasar Teori"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dasar-dasar teori kriminologi yaitu:<sup id="cite_ref-Mamik_dan_Herlina_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mamik_dan_Herlina-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Demonologis</dt></dl> <p>Merupakan pemikiran awal yang dikembangkan atas dasar pemikiran yang tidak <a href="/wiki/Rasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasional">rasional</a>, di mana suatu tingkah laku kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh individu merupakan pengaruh dari <a href="/wiki/Roh" title="Roh">roh</a> jahat (<i>demon</i>= setan). Benar atau salahnya suatu tingkah laku ditentukan oleh definisi kepala suku atau orang yang dianggap sebagai <a href="/wiki/Dewa" title="Dewa">dewa</a>. Pemikiran ini masih bersifat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konvensional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konvensional (halaman belum tersedia)">konvensional</a> di mana tindakan pelanggaran yang dianggap paling serius bagi Demonologis adalah mempergunakan ilmu gaib hitam atau dikenal dengan <i>black magic</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hukuman" title="Hukuman">Hukuman</a> yang digunakan juga masih bersifat tradisional yang ditujukan untuk mengusir roh jahat dalam diri individu tersebut, seperti membakar individu yang memiliki ilmu hitam. </p> <dl><dt>Klasik</dt></dl> <p>Pada penjelasan mengenai pemikiran klasik, tingkah laku jahat yang dilakukan oleh manusia merupakan cerminan dari adanya konsep "<i><a href="/wiki/Kehendak_bebas" title="Kehendak bebas">free will</a></i>" atau kehendak bebas. Dalam penjelasan mengenai pemikiran klasik dengan konsep <i>free will</i> ini menganggap bahwa individu memiliki pilihan dan pemikiran untuk menentukan tindakan yang akan mereka lakukan. Hukuman yang diterapkan pada pemikiran ini bersifat umum sesuai dengan kejahatan yang dilakukan. Tokoh dalam pemikiran klasik ini antara lain <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Beccaria" title="Cesare Beccaria">Cesare Beccaria</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Jeremy Bentham</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Neo Klasik</dt></dl> <p>Neo Klasik muncul sebagai bentuk kritikan terhadap klasik yang menyamakan hukuman setiap orang tanpa mempertimbangkan usia, fisik, dan kondisi kejiwaan seseorang. </p> <dl><dt>Determinisme</dt></dl> <p>Merupakan suatu penjelasan mengenai kejahatan bahwa tingkah laku jahat merupakan pengaruh dari adanya faktor-faktor tertentu. Terdiri dari beberapa <a href="/wiki/Paradigma" title="Paradigma">paradigma</a>, yaitu: </p> <ol><li>Positivisme<br />Salah satu tokoh yang terkenal dalam paradigma <a href="/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme">positivisme</a> ini adalah <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Lombroso" title="Cesare Lombroso">Cesare Lombroso</a> di mana menghubungkan antara tingkah laku jahat dengan kondisi biologis atau fisik seseorang.</li> <li>Interaksionisme<br />Dalam paradigma interaksionisme, tingkah laku jahat merupakan definisi dari hasil interaksi, di mana seseorang dianggap jahat ketika orang lain melihat bahwa tingkah laku tersebut adalah jahat atau menyimpang. Teori yang terkenal pada paradigma interaksionis ini adalah teori "<i>Labeling</i>", tokoh-tokohnya antara lain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Lemert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edwin Lemert (halaman belum tersedia)">Edwin Lemert</a>, Becker, Kitsuse, dan Goffman.</li> <li>Konflik<br />Dalam penjelasan ini, tingkah laku jahat merupakan suatu definisi yang dibuat oleh penguasa terhadap tingkah laku di mana hal tersebut ditujukan untuk kepentingan penguasa. Tokoh-tokohnya antara lain Bonger, Quinney, Taylor, Vold, dan J.Young.</li> <li>Pos Modern Kriminologi<br />Paradigma ini memandang bahwa kejahatan merupakan suatu konsep yang harus didekonstruksikan. Tiga buah pendekatan dalam paradigma ini yaitu realisme, <a href="/wiki/Feminisme" title="Feminisme">feminisme</a>, dan konstitutif.</li> <li>Budaya<br />Paradigma budaya melihat tingkah laku jahat berbeda jika dilihat dalam konteks budaya yang berbeda pula. Jika pada satu kebudayaan tertentu memandang suatu tingkah laku jahat, maka pada kebudayaan lain belum tentu dipandang juga sebagai kejahatan.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Mustafa-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mustafa_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mustafa_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Mustafa. 2007. Kriminologi. Depok: FISIP UI PRESS. Hal. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/77639445"><i>Sociological theory and criminological research : views from Europe and the United States</i></a>. Mathieu Deflem. Amsterdam: Elsevier/JAI. 2006. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-08-046306-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-08-046306-1">0-08-046306-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/77639445">77639445</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sociological+theory+and+criminological+research+%3A+views+from+Europe+and+the+United+States&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=Elsevier%2FJAI&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F77639445&rft.isbn=0-08-046306-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F77639445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKriminologi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mamik_dan_Herlina-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mamik_dan_Herlina_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mamik Sri Supatmi dan Herlina Permata Sari. 2007. Dasar-dasar Teori Sosial Kejahatan. Jakarta: PTIK PRESS.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurisprudensi" title="Yurisprudensi">Yurisprudensi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_politik" title="Ilmu politik">Ilmu politik</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrasi_publik" title="Administrasi publik">administrasi publik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_internasional" title="Hubungan internasional">hubungan internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebijakan_publik" title="Kebijakan publik">kebijakan publik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psefologi" title="Psefologi">psefologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi" title="Psikologi">Psikologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_abnormal" title="Psikologi abnormal">abnormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopsikologi" title="Biopsikologi">biopsikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_kepribadian" title="Psikologi kepribadian">kepribadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_kognitif" title="Psikologi kognitif">kognitif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_perkembangan" title="Psikologi perkembangan">perkembangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikologi_sosial" title="Psikologi sosial">sosial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah" title="Sejarah">Sejarah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_budaya" title="Sejarah budaya">budaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_ekonomi" title="Sejarah ekonomi">ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_politik" title="Sejarah politik">politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_sosial" title="Sejarah sosial">sosial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi">Sosiologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demografi" title="Demografi">demografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi_Internet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosiologi Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">kriminologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi_pedesaan" title="Sosiologi pedesaan">pedesaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosiologi_perkotaan" title="Sosiologi perkotaan">perkotaan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interdisipliner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antrozoologi" title="Antrozoologi">Antrozoologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekologi_manusia" title="Ekologi manusia">Ekologi manusia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekologi_politik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekologi politik (halaman belum tersedia)">Ekologi politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_politik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomi politik">Ekonomi politik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filsafat_ilmu_pengetahuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filsafat ilmu pengetahuan (halaman belum tersedia)">Filsafat ilmu pengetahuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filsafat_dan_ekonomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filsafat dan ekonomi (halaman belum tersedia)">ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filsafat_sejarah" title="Filsafat sejarah">sejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filsafat_psikologi" title="Filsafat psikologi">psikologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filsafat_ilmu_sosial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filsafat ilmu sosial (halaman belum tersedia)">ilmu sosial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_informasi" title="Ilmu informasi">Ilmu informasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_kognitif" title="Ilmu kognitif">Ilmu kognitif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmu_regional" title="Ilmu regional">Ilmu regional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_bisnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian bisnis (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian bisnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_budaya" title="Kajian budaya">Kajian budaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_gender" title="Kajian gender">Kajian gender</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_global&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian global (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian global</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_komunikasi" title="Kajian komunikasi">Kajian komunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_makanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian makanan (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian makanan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_masyarakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian masyarakat (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian masyarakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_media" title="Kajian media">Kajian media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_pembangunan" title="Kajian pembangunan">Kajian pembangunan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_sains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian sains (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian sains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_sains" class="mw-redirect" title="Sejarah sains">sejarah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sains,_teknologi_dan_masyarakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sains, teknologi dan masyarakat (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian sains dan teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajian_wilayah" title="Kajian wilayah">Kajian wilayah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerja_sosial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerja sosial (halaman belum tersedia)">Kerja sosial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesehatan_masyarakat" title="Kesehatan masyarakat">Kesehatan masyarakat</a></li> <li>Lingkungan <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_sosial_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu sosial lingkungan (halaman belum tersedia)">ilmu sosial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian lingkungan (halaman belum tersedia)">kajian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendidikan" title="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</a></li> <li>Perencanaan <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perencanaan_daerah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perencanaan daerah (halaman belum tersedia)">daerah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perencanaan_penggunaan_lahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perencanaan penggunaan lahan (halaman belum tersedia)">penggunaan lahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perencanaan_perkotaan" title="Perencanaan perkotaan">perkotaan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_teknologi" title="Sejarah teknologi">Sejarah teknologi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kategorisasi lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humaniora" title="Humaniora">Humaniora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat">Filsafat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">Linguistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sastra" title="Sastra">Sastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_Rupa" class="mw-redirect" title="Seni Rupa">Seni Rupa</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geisteswissenschaft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geisteswissenschaft (halaman belum tersedia)">Geisteswissenschaft</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_manusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu manusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Ilmu manusia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indeks_artikel_sosiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indeks artikel sosiologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Indeks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_jurnal_ilmu_sosial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar jurnal ilmu sosial (halaman belum tersedia)">Jurnal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ringkasan_ilmu_sosial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ringkasan ilmu sosial (halaman belum tersedia)">Ringkasan</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Social_Sciences" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Portal:Social Sciences">Wikiversity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&oldid=26260391">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kriminologi&oldid=26260391</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kriminologi" title="Kategori:Kriminologi">Kriminologi</a></li><li><a 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