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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-诱导契合" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#诱导契合"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>诱导契合</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-诱导契合-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关诱导契合子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-诱导契合-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-诱导契合催化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#诱导契合催化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>诱导契合催化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-诱导契合催化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-过渡态的稳定机制" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#过渡态的稳定机制"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>过渡态的稳定机制</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-过渡态的稳定机制-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关过渡态的稳定机制子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-过渡态的稳定机制-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-键扭曲催化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#键扭曲催化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>键扭曲催化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-键扭曲催化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-临近效应与定向效应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#临近效应与定向效应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>临近效应与定向效应</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-临近效应与定向效应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-静电催化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#静电催化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>静电催化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-静电催化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-共价催化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#共价催化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>共价催化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-共价催化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-量子隧穿效应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#量子隧穿效应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>量子隧穿效应</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-量子隧穿效应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-催化机制的例子" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#催化机制的例子"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>催化机制的例子</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-催化机制的例子-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关催化机制的例子子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-催化机制的例子-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-磷酸丙糖异构酶" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#磷酸丙糖异构酶"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>磷酸丙糖异构酶</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-磷酸丙糖异构酶-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-胰蛋白酶" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#胰蛋白酶"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>胰蛋白酶</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-胰蛋白酶-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-醛缩酶" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#醛缩酶"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>醛缩酶</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-醛缩酶-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">酶促反应</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。25种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%B2" title="إنزيم محفز – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنزيم محفز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8" title="উৎসেচক অনুঘটন – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উৎসেচক অনুঘটন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzimska_kataliza" title="Enzimska kataliza – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Enzimska kataliza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A0lisi_enzim%C3%A0tica" title="Catàlisi enzimàtica – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Catàlisi enzimàtica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzymkatalyse" title="Enzymkatalyse – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Enzymkatalyse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_catalysis" title="Enzyme catalysis – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Enzyme catalysis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A1lisis_enzim%C3%A1tica" title="Catálisis enzimática – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Catálisis enzimática" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85" title="کاتالیز آنزیم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاتالیز آنزیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalyse_enzymatique" title="Catalyse enzymatique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Catalyse enzymatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A1lise_encim%C3%A1tica" title="Catálise encimática – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Catálise encimática" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalisis_enzim" title="Katalisis enzim – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Katalisis enzim" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalisi_enzimatica" title="Catalisi enzimatica – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Catalisi enzimatica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="酵素反応 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="酵素反応" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%A8%EC%86%8C_%EC%B4%89%EB%A7%A4%EC%9E%91%EC%9A%A9" title="효소 촉매작용 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="효소 촉매작용" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Ензимска катализа – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ензимска катализа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Энзимийн катализ – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Энзимийн катализ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzymatische_katalyse" title="Enzymatische katalyse – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Enzymatische katalyse" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%BC%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="انزایمي کاټالیز – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انزایمي کاټالیز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A1lise_enzim%C3%A1tica" title="Catálise enzimática – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Catálise enzimática" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Ферментативный катализ – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ферментативный катализ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzimska_kataliza" title="Enzimska kataliza – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Enzimska kataliza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzimska_kataliza" title="Enzimska kataliza – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Enzimska kataliza" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzim_katalizi" title="Enzim katalizi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Enzim katalizi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Ферментативний каталіз – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" 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<p><b>酶促反应</b>（英語：<span lang="en">enzyme catalysis</span>）又称<b>酶催化</b>，是指由一类被称为<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6" title="酶">酶</a>的特殊蛋白质所<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="催化">催化</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="化学反应">化学反应</a>。因为非催化反应的速率特别慢，故<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E" title="细胞">细胞</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物化学">生物化学</a>反应的催化作用就显得极重要。 </p><p>酶促反应的机制与其他类型的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="催化">化学催化</a>在原理上很相似。酶通过提供替代反应路线以及稳定中间产物的方法，减少了为达到最高能量<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E6%80%81" title="过渡态">过渡态</a>时的能量需求。活化能（Ea）的减少增加了具有足够达到活化能并形成产物的反应物分子的数量。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Activation_Energy_zh.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Activation_Energy_zh.png/400px-Activation_Energy_zh.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Activation_Energy_zh.png 1.5x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>酶使得中间状态达到稳定。</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="诱导契合"><span id=".E8.AF.B1.E5.AF.BC.E5.A5.91.E5.90.88"></span>诱导契合</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：诱导契合"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Induced_fit_diagram_(zh-cn).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg/400px-Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg/600px-Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg/800px-Induced_fit_diagram_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption>酶反应诱导契合学说的图解。</figcaption></figure> <p>最受欢迎的酶-<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%A9" title="底物">底物</a>反应模型是诱导契合模型<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。该模型提出了：酶和底物之间的最初反应是相对较弱的，但这些弱反应迅速引导酶中的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E8%B1%A1%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%8A" title="構象改變">构象改变</a>以使结合变得更加紧密。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="诱导契合催化"><span id=".E8.AF.B1.E5.AF.BC.E5.A5.91.E5.90.88.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96"></span>诱导契合催化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：诱导契合催化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因为酶紧密结合的稳定效应，诱导契合机制的优势就体现了出来。底物结合有两种不同的机制：①、一致结合，酶与底物结合很紧密；②、差别结合，酶与过渡态结合很紧密。一致结合的稳定结果是同时增加了底物和过渡态的结合亲和力，然而差别结合只增加过渡态的结合亲和力。这两者都在进化中被酶所采用并用以将反应活化能降到最低。被饱和状态的酶，即与底物有高度结合亲和力的状态时就需要差别结合以减少活化能，然而未与酶结合的小底物可采用一致结合或是差别结合两者中的一种。 </p><p>这些效应引导大多数蛋白质采用差别结合机制以减少活化能，因此大多数蛋白质具有酶与过渡态的高度亲和力。差别结合是由诱导契合机制所实行起来的——底物首先与之相弱结合，然后酶改变其构象，增加了与过渡态的亲和力并稳定这个过渡态，因此减少了达到过渡态所需的活化能。 </p><p>需要澄清的是：诱导契合的概念并不能对催化加以科学的说明。即，化学催化被定义为在水中（没有酶）非酶促情况下Ea<sup>‡</sup>（当系统处于ES<sup>‡</sup>的状态）相对于Ea<sup>‡</sup>发生降低。而诱导契合仅意味着在结合酶形态下壁垒会降低，但并没有告诉我们使得反应壁垒降低的原因是什么。 </p><p>诱导契合可能有利于解释：当竞争和干扰存在时可通过<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%84%E8%B1%A1%E6%A0%A1%E5%AF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="构象校对（页面不存在）">构象校对</a>机制保证分子识别的精确性<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="过渡态的稳定机制"><span id=".E8.BF.87.E6.B8.A1.E6.80.81.E7.9A.84.E7.A8.B3.E5.AE.9A.E6.9C.BA.E5.88.B6"></span>过渡态的稳定机制</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：过渡态的稳定机制"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这些构象改变也可以用于使<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E4%BD%8D%E7%82%B9" title="活性位点">活性位点</a>中的催化残基靠近那些在反应中会被改变的底物中的化学键。在结合发生后，通过提供反应替代化学路径的方法，一种或多种催化机制使得反应<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E6%80%81" title="过渡态">过渡态</a>的能量降低。有六种可能的“越过壁垒”或“通过壁垒”的催化机制： </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="键扭曲催化"><span id=".E9.94.AE.E6.89.AD.E6.9B.B2.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96"></span>键扭曲催化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：键扭曲催化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这种作用对诱导契合结合有着主要影响，在该情况下酶对过渡态的结合力比对底物本身的结合力要强。这种作用诱导了结构重排，即将底物的键扭曲成一种接近过渡态的构象，因此降低了底物与过渡态之间的能量差距以帮助催化此反应。 </p><p>然而，事实上，称这种扭曲为“基态失稳效应”比“过渡态稳定效应”更贴切<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-warshel_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warshel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此外，酶是非常灵活的并且自己不会有较大的形变效应<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>除了底物中的键扭曲外，键扭曲同时可以被酶本身所采用以激活活性位点的残基。 </p> <table align="center" border="0" cellspacing="10" style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"> <tbody><tr> <td><small>例如：</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E8%8F%8C%E9%85%B6" title="溶菌酶">溶菌酶</a>的底物、结合底物与过渡态构象</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lysozyme_transition_state.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Lysozyme_transition_state.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="49" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="49" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><i>底物在与酶结合时由典型的己糖环“椅式构象”被扭曲为“沙发式构象”，在形状上与过渡态更相似了。</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="临近效应与定向效应"><span id=".E4.B8.B4.E8.BF.91.E6.95.88.E5.BA.94.E4.B8.8E.E5.AE.9A.E5.90.91.E6.95.88.E5.BA.94"></span>临近效应与定向效应</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：临近效应与定向效应"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这个效应以使酶-底物相互作用的反应化学基团对齐并将它们靠在一起的方式加快了反应速率。这减少了反应物的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B5" title="熵">熵</a>，这使得连接反应或加成反应反应地更顺利，当两个反应物变为单个产物时，全部熵损失就会减少。 </p><p>这个效应可以类比为增加了反应物浓度的效应。这种底物与反应物的结合赋予了这种反应<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%86%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子内（页面不存在）">分子内</a>进行的特性，激增了反应速率。 </p> <table align="center" border="0" cellspacing="10" style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"> <tbody><tr> <td><small>例如：</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>如果相似的反应是在分子内进行的，那么反应会大大加快</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_(zh-cn).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg/603px-Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="603" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg/905px-Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg/1206px-Inter_vs_intramolecular_reaction_rates_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="287" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><i>在分子内反应中，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="乙酸盐">乙酸盐</a>的有效浓度估计可以达到k<sub>2</sub>/k<sub>1</sub> = 2×10<sup>5</sup>摩尔。</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>然而，这种情况可能会变得更加复杂，因为现代计算研究已公认传统的临近效应例子并不与酶的熵效应直接挂钩<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。并且，已发现最初的熵理论<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>对催化定向效应熵的贡献是被大大高估了的<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）"><span id=".E6.B6.89.E5.8F.8A.E8.B4.A8.E5.AD.90.E4.BE.9B.E4.BD.93.E4.B8.8E.E5.8F.97.E4.BD.93.E7.9A.84.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96.EF.BC.88.E9.85.B8.E7.A2.B1.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96.EF.BC.89"></span>涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：涉及质子供体与受体的催化（酸碱催化）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%A6%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蛋白质酸度系数计算（页面不存在）">蛋白质酸度系数计算</a></div> <p>质子供体与受体，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">碱</a>，可以供出或接受质子，以使过渡态发展中电荷达到稳定。这是典型的激活<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E6%A0%B8%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="亲核试剂">亲核</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="亲电试剂">亲电</a>基团或是稳定离开基团的效应。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="组氨酸">组氨酸</a>是常见的涉及到酸/碱反应的残基，因为其<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%A6%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="酸度系数">酸度系数</a>接近于中性且因此可以既可作为质子的受体又可作为质子的供体。 </p><p>许多涉及到酸/碱催化的反应机制会采取基本上变动的酸度系数。这个酸度系数的变动可以通过残基的局部微环境来实现。 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>环境状态 </th> <th>酸 </th> <th>碱 </th></tr> <tr> <th>疏水环境 </th> <td>增加酸度系数 </td> <td>减少酸度系数 </td></tr> <tr> <th>临近相似电荷的残基 </th> <td>增加酸度系数 </td> <td>减少酸度系数 </td></tr> <tr> <th>盐键（与疏水键）构造 </th> <td>减少酸度系数 </td> <td>增加酸度系数 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>酸度系数可被环境明显地改变，在一定程度上在溶液中是碱性的残基也可能作为质子供体，并且反之亦然。 </p> <table align="center" border="0" cellspacing="10" style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"> <tbody><tr> <td><small>例如：</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="丝氨酸蛋白酶">丝氨酸蛋白酶</a>催化机制</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Serine_protease_catalysis_(zh-cn).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/700px-Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/1050px-Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/1400px-Serine_protease_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><i>丝氨酸蛋白酶催化机制的最初步骤涉及到活性位点的组氨酸从丝氨酸残基上接受一个质子。这一步骤将丝氨酸装备成一个亲核试剂以备攻击底物中的酰胺键。这一机制包括了自丝氨酸（一种碱，酸度系数为14）供出的质子转移到组氨酸（一种酸，酸度系数为6）上，因为微环境的碱性使得此过程得以发生。</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>有必要澄清的是：酸度系数的改变完全是静电机制的一部分<sup id="cite_ref-warshel_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warshel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此外，上述例子中的催化效应主要与氧阴离子酸度系数的减少以及组氨酸酸度系数的增加有关，而质子自丝氨酸转移到组氨酸上的作用并不是显著的催化作用，因为它不是决定屏障的速率<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="静电催化"><span id=".E9.9D.99.E7.94.B5.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96"></span>静电催化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：静电催化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>带电过渡态的稳定亦可以通过使活性位点中的残基与中间产物之间形成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="离子键">离子键</a>（或局部离子电荷相互作用）而达到。这些键来自于例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="赖氨酸">赖氨酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="精氨酸">精氨酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%86%AC%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="天冬氨酸">天冬氨酸</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="谷氨酸">谷氨酸</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸">氨基酸</a>上面的<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8" title="酸">酸</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">碱</a>侧链，或是来自于如<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">锌</a>一类的金属<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="辅因子">辅因子</a>。金属离子是特别有效的，并且可以将水的酸度系数减到足够低以使其变为一个有效的亲核试剂。 </p><p>系统计算机模拟研究确定了静电效应到目前为止是对催化作用贡献最大的效应<sup id="cite_ref-warshel_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warshel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。尤其是实践已证明酶可以提供比水极性更大的环境，并且离子态过渡态是被固定偶极子所稳定的。这与水中过渡态的稳定情况很不相同，在后者的情况下水分子必须付出“重组能”<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，才得以使离子态和过渡态达到稳定。因此，催化作用是与酶预组织起来的极性基团相关的<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <table align="center" border="0" cellspacing="10" style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"> <tbody><tr> <td><small>例如：</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A7%E8%82%BD%E9%85%B6" title="羧肽酶">羧肽酶</a>催化机制</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_(zh-cn).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/350px-Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/525px-Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg/700px-Carboxypeptidase_catalysis_%28zh-cn%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><i>四面体中间产物被是被锌离子与氧原子上的负电荷之间的离子键所稳定起来的。</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="共价催化"><span id=".E5.85.B1.E4.BB.B7.E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96"></span>共价催化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：共价催化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>共价催化涉及到底物与活性位点残基或是辅酶之间形成一个短暂存在的共价键。这使得在反应中多了一个额外的共价中间体，这有助于降低后面反应过渡态的能量。在反应之后的阶段，共价键必须必须被打断以使酶再生。在如<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E5%87%9D%E4%B9%B3%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="胰凝乳蛋白酶">胰凝乳蛋白酶</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="胰蛋白酶">胰蛋白酶</a>等的<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="蛋白酶">蛋白酶</a>中发现了这一机制，在反应中形成了酰基酶中间产物。使用来自<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="赖氨酸">赖氨酸</a>残基的自由<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BA" title="胺">胺</a>形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E5%A4%AB%E7%A2%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="施夫碱">施夫碱</a>的过程则是另外一种机制，就像在<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E9%85%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="糖酵解">糖酵解</a>过程中的<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E7%BC%A9%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="醛缩酶">醛缩酶</a>一样。 </p><p>一些酶利用如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="磷酸吡哆醛">磷酸吡哆醛</a>（PLP）或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0%E7%84%A6%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="硫胺素焦磷酸">硫胺素焦磷酸</a>（TPP）之类的非氨基酸<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="辅因子">辅因子</a>与反应物分子间反应形成共价中间产物<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。这样为降低后面反应过渡态能量而形成的共价中间产物在功能上与反应物与活性位点中的氨基酸残基形成共价中间产物是一样的，都是为了达到稳定；而所不同的是辅因子有着允许带着产物离开酶之功能然而氨基酸侧链则不行。酶利用这样辅因子的例子包括：依赖磷酸吡哆醛的酶<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%86%AC%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E8%BD%AC%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="天冬氨酸转氨酶">天冬氨酸转氨酶</a>和依赖硫胺素焦磷酸的酶<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE%E9%85%B8%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A2%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="丙酮酸脱氢酶">丙酮酸脱氢酶</a><sup id="cite_ref-VoetAA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VoetAA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VoetTPDC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VoetTPDC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>有必要澄清的是：共价催化有时仅相当于是利用一种特殊的机制，而不是真正的催化<sup id="cite_ref-warshel_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warshel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。例如，胰凝乳蛋白酶中连接到活泼丝氨酸分子上的共价键应被类比为已被充分理解的非催化溶液反应中连到亲核试剂上的共价键。真正共价催化（在这种情况下能量壁垒比在相应非酶促溶液中的要低）理论是需要，例如，一个由酶基团连接到过渡态的局部共价键（例如一个非常强的氢键），并且这种效应对催化来说并贡献并不明显。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="量子隧穿效应"><span id=".E9.87.8F.E5.AD.90.E9.9A.A7.E7.A9.BF.E6.95.88.E5.BA.94"></span>量子隧穿效应</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：量子隧穿效应"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由于“通过壁垒”机制（<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%9A%A7%E7%A9%BF%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="量子隧穿效应">量子隧穿效应</a>）模型和观察资料的出现，这些传统的“越过壁垒”机制在某些情况下受到挑战。一些酶运转地比经典的ΔG<sup>‡</sup>所预测的动力学参数还要快。在“通过壁垒”模型中，一个质子或电子可以隧穿过活化能壁垒<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mats_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mats-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。质子的量子隧穿效应已经在氧化<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E8%83%BA" title="色胺">色胺</a>的芳香胺脱氢酶中被观察到<sup id="cite_ref-#1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>有趣的是，量子隧穿效应似乎没有对酶促反应有很大的帮助，因为隧穿效应对酶促反应与溶液中的非酶促反应同时做着贡献<sup id="cite_ref-Mats_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mats-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。然而，隧穿贡献（通常相较于经典的“越过壁垒”途径的反应速率来说增加为原来的1000倍<sup id="cite_ref-#1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）对于生物有机体生存能力来说可能是关键因素。这强调了隧穿作用对生物的特别重要性。 </p><p>在1971年－1972年间，首个酶促反应的量子力学模型被系统地阐述出来<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="催化机制的例子"><span id=".E5.82.AC.E5.8C.96.E6.9C.BA.E5.88.B6.E7.9A.84.E4.BE.8B.E5.AD.90"></span>催化机制的例子</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：催化机制的例子"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在实践中，大多数酶机理涉及到不同类型催化相结合在一起。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="磷酸丙糖异构酶"><span id=".E7.A3.B7.E9.85.B8.E4.B8.99.E7.B3.96.E5.BC.82.E6.9E.84.E9.85.B6"></span>磷酸丙糖异构酶</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：磷酸丙糖异构酶"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E4%B8%99%E7%B3%96%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E9%85%B6" title="磷酸丙糖异构酶">磷酸丙糖异构酶</a>（<a href="/wiki/EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="EC编号">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/5.3.1.1">5.3.1.1</a>）催化两种<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="丙糖">丙糖</a>磷酸<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%93" class="mw-redirect" title="异构体">异构体</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="磷酸二羟丙酮">磷酸二羟丙酮</a>与D-<a href="/wiki/3-%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="3-磷酸甘油醛">3-磷酸甘油醛</a>之间的可逆转换。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="胰蛋白酶"><span id=".E8.83.B0.E8.9B.8B.E7.99.BD.E9.85.B6"></span>胰蛋白酶</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：胰蛋白酶"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="胰蛋白酶">胰蛋白酶</a>（<a href="/wiki/EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="EC编号">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/3.4.21.4">3.4.21.4</a>）是一种可以断开<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>底物<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="赖氨酸">赖氨酸</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="精氨酸">精氨酸</a>氨基酸残基之间键的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6" title="丝氨酸蛋白酶">丝氨酸蛋白酶</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="醛缩酶"><span id=".E9.86.9B.E7.BC.A9.E9.85.B6"></span>醛缩酶</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：醛缩酶"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E7%BC%A9%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="醛缩酶">醛缩酶</a>（<a href="/wiki/EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="EC编号">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/4.1.2.13">4.1.2.13</a>）催化<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96-1,6-%E4%BA%8C%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="果糖-1,6-二磷酸">果糖-1,6-二磷酸</a>分解成<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%86%9B-3-%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="甘油醛-3-磷酸">甘油醛-3-磷酸</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="磷酸二羟丙酮">磷酸二羟丙酮</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; 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Archives of biochemistry and biophysics (2005) 433: 279-287</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150321165821/http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/thiamin/">Micronutrient Information Center, Oregon State University</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-02-04</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/thiamin/">原始内容</a>存档于2015-03-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&rft.btitle=Micronutrient+Information+Center%2C+Oregon+State+University&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flpi.oregonstate.edu%2Finfocenter%2Fvitamins%2Fthiamin%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VoetAA-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VoetAA_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Voet, Donald; Judith Voet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biochemistry00voet_1">Biochemistry</a>. John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2004: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biochemistry00voet_1/page/986">986</a>–989. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-471-25090-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-471-25090-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-471-25090-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.aulast=Voet&rft.btitle=Biochemistry&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-25090-2&rft.pages=986-989&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiochemistry00voet_1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VoetTPDC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VoetTPDC_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Voet, Donald; Judith Voet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biochemistry00voet_1">Biochemistry</a>. 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Soc. 2004, <b>126</b> (9): 2820–8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14995199"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 14995199</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fja037233l"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1021/ja037233l</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&rft.atitle=Simulations+of+the+Large+Kinetic+Isotope+Effect+and+the+Temperature+Dependence+of+the+Hydrogen+Atom+Transfer+in+Lipoxygenase&rft.au=Siegbahn%2C+P.E.M&rft.au=Warshel%2C+A.&rft.aufirst=M.H.M&rft.aulast=Olsson&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=J.+Am.+Chem.+Soc&rft.pages=2820-8&rft.volume=126&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja037233l&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14995199&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-#1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-#1_20-0"><sup><b>20.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-#1_20-1"><sup><b>20.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Masgrau, L; Roujeinikova, A; Johannissen, LO; Hothi, P; Basran, J; Ranaghan, KE; Mulholland, AJ; Sutcliffe, MJ; Scrutton, NS. 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Andronikashvili (Ed.), Konformatsionnie Izmenenia Biopolimerov v Rastvorakh, Publishing House "Nauka", Moscow, 1973, 153-157</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：延伸閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Alan Fersht, <i>Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science : A Guide to Enzyme Catalysis and Protein Folding.</i> W. H. Freeman, 1998. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-7167-3268-8" title="Special:网络书源/0-7167-3268-8">0-7167-3268-8</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publishing.royalsociety.org/quantum-catalysis">Dedicated issue of <i>Philosophical Transactions B</i> on Quantum catalysis in enzymes freely available.</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2017年9月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Issoria_lathonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/32px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/48px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/64px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="445" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:生物学">生物学主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/TPI1_structure.png/32px-TPI1_structure.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/TPI1_structure.png/48px-TPI1_structure.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/TPI1_structure.png/64px-TPI1_structure.png 2x" data-file-width="1452" data-file-height="914" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%8E%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:分子与细胞生物学">分子与细胞生物学主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%8B%E5%AE%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="酶活性测定（页面不存在）">酶活性测定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="酶动力学">酶动力学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蛋白质动力学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Protein dynamics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蛋白质动力学（页面不存在）">蛋白质动力学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_dynamics" class="extiw" title="en:Protein dynamics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Protein dynamics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%9A%A7%E7%A9%BF%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="量子隧穿效应">量子隧穿效应</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蛋白质水解地图（页面不存在）">蛋白质水解地图</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%88%86%E8%BE%A8%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="时间分辨晶体学（页面不存在）">时间分辨晶体学</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E4%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相關多媒體資源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Enzyme_catalysis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Enzyme catalysis">酶促反应</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="Template:不对称合成"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="Template talk:不对称合成"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:不对称合成"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="不对称合成" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="不对称合成">不对称合成</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">手性类型</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7" title="手性">手性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="立体中心">立体中心</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="平面手性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Planar chirality"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平面手性（页面不存在）">平面手性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_chirality" class="extiw" title="en:Planar chirality"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Planar chirality</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E9%85%8D%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="手性配体（页面不存在）">手性配体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%B4%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7" title="轴手性">轴手性</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超分子手性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Supramolecular chirality"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超分子手性（页面不存在）">超分子手性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supramolecular_chirality" class="extiw" title="en:Supramolecular chirality"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Supramolecular chirality</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">手性分子</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84" title="立体异构">立体异构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%98%A0%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84" title="对映异构">对映异构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%AF%B9%E6%98%A0%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84" title="非对映异构">非对映异构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E6%B6%88%E6%97%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="内消旋化合物">内消旋化合物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E6%B6%88%E6%97%8B%E9%AB%94" title="外消旋體">外消旋體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E6%98%A0%E9%AB%94%E9%81%8E%E5%89%A9%E7%8E%87" title="對映體過剩率">對映體過剩率</a>(ee)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%B0%8D%E6%98%A0%E9%AB%94%E9%81%8E%E5%89%A9%E7%8E%87" title="非對映體過剩率">非對映體過剩率</a>(de)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">分析</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8B%E5%85%89" title="旋光">旋光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%8B%86%E5%88%86%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="手性拆分试剂">手性拆分试剂</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="立体异构体的核磁共振谱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stereoisomers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B8%E7%A3%81%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E8%B0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立体异构体的核磁共振谱（页面不存在）">立体异构体的核磁共振谱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_of_stereoisomers" class="extiw" title="en:Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stereoisomers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stereoisomers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="立体异构体的紫外-可见光谱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy of stereoisomers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96-%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%81%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立体异构体的紫外-可见光谱（页面不存在）">立体异构体的紫外-可见光谱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%E2%80%93visible_spectroscopy_of_stereoisomers" class="extiw" title="en:Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy of stereoisomers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy of stereoisomers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%8B%86%E5%88%86" title="手性拆分">手性拆分</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E7%BB%93%E6%99%B6" title="重结晶">重结晶</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动力学拆分" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kinetic resolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%8B%86%E5%88%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动力学拆分（页面不存在）">动力学拆分</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_resolution" class="extiw" title="en:Kinetic resolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kinetic resolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="手性柱色谱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chiral column chromatography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%9F%B1%E8%89%B2%E8%B0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="手性柱色谱（页面不存在）">手性柱色谱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_column_chromatography" class="extiw" title="en:Chiral column chromatography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chiral column chromatography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E8%89%B2%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="手性色谱法">手性色谱法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非对映异构体重结晶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Diastereomeric recrystallization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E5%AF%B9%E6%98%A0%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%93%E9%87%8D%E7%BB%93%E6%99%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非对映异构体重结晶（页面不存在）">非对映异构体重结晶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diastereomeric_recrystallization" class="extiw" title="en:Diastereomeric recrystallization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Diastereomeric recrystallization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">反应</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E8%AF%B1%E5%AF%BC" title="不对称诱导">不对称诱导</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="手性库合成" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chiral pool synthesis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E5%BA%93%E5%90%88%E6%88%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="手性库合成（页面不存在）">手性库合成</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_pool_synthesis" class="extiw" title="en:Chiral pool synthesis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chiral pool synthesis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7%E5%8A%A9%E5%89%82" title="手性助剂">手性辅助剂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="有机催化">有机催化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="生物催化">生物催化</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="酶" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%85%B6" title="Template:酶"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%85%B6" title="Template talk:酶"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%85%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:酶"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="酶" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6" title="酶">酶</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">活性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E4%BD%8D%E7%82%B9" title="活性位点">活性位点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E5%90%88%E4%BD%8D%E7%82%B9" title="结合位点">结合位点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E8%81%94%E4%BD%93" title="催化三联体">催化三联体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9F%E6%B0%A7%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%B4%9E" title="负氧离子洞">负氧离子洞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="酶催化混杂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Enzyme promiscuity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B6%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E6%B7%B7%E6%9D%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="酶催化混杂（页面不存在）">酶催化混杂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_promiscuity" class="extiw" title="en:Enzyme promiscuity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Enzyme promiscuity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="催化最适酶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Catalytically perfect enzyme"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E6%9C%80%E9%80%82%E9%85%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="催化最适酶（页面不存在）">催化最适酶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytically_perfect_enzyme" class="extiw" title="en:Catalytically perfect enzyme"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Catalytically perfect enzyme</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="辅因子">辅因子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%85%B6" title="辅酶">辅酶</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">酶促反应</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">调节</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%AB%E6%9E%84%E8%B0%83%E8%8A%82" title="别构调节">别构调节</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="协同性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cooperativity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8F%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="协同性（页面不存在）">协同性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperativity" class="extiw" title="en:Cooperativity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cooperativity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6%E6%8A%91%E5%88%B6%E5%89%82" title="酶抑制剂">酶抑制剂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6%E6%BF%80%E6%B4%BB%E5%89%82" title="酶激活剂">酶激活剂</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">分类</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EC%E7%B7%A8%E8%99%9F" title="EC編號">EC編號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E8%B6%85%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="蛋白质超家族">蛋白质超家族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="蛋白质家族">蛋白质家族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="酶列表">酶列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">动力学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="酶动力学">酶动力学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊迪-霍夫斯蒂图" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eadie–Hofstee diagram"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E8%BF%AA-%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊迪-霍夫斯蒂图（页面不存在）">伊迪-霍夫斯蒂图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadie%E2%80%93Hofstee_diagram" class="extiw" title="en:Eadie–Hofstee diagram"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eadie–Hofstee diagram</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈尼斯-伍尔夫图" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hanes–Woolf plot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF-%E4%BC%8D%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈尼斯-伍尔夫图（页面不存在）">哈尼斯-伍尔夫图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanes%E2%80%93Woolf_plot" class="extiw" title="en:Hanes–Woolf plot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hanes–Woolf plot</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%80%92%E6%95%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="双倒数图">双倒数图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3-%E9%97%A8%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%8F%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="米-门二氏动力学">米氏动力学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">类型</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>EC1 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%82%84%E5%8E%9F%E9%85%B6" title="氧化還原酶">氧化還原酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 1)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 1)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 1)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_1)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 1)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 1)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC2 <a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E7%A7%BB%E9%85%B6" title="轉移酶">轉移酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 2)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 2)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 2)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_2)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 2)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 2)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC3 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3%E9%85%B6" title="水解酶">水解酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 3)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 3)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 3)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 3)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC4 <a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%82%E5%90%88%E9%85%B6" title="裂合酶">裂合酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 4)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 4)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 4)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_4)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 4)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 4)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC5 <a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E6%A7%8B%E9%85%B6" title="異構酶">異構酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 5)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 5)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_5)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 5)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_5)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 5)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 5)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC6 <a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E9%85%B6" title="連接酶">連接酶</a></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 6)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 6)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 6)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_6)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 6)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 6)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><b>EC7 <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移位酶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Translocase"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E4%BD%8D%E9%85%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="移位酶（页面不存在）">移位酶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translocase" class="extiw" title="en:Translocase"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Translocase</span></a></span>）</span></span></b>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EC编号列表 (EC 7)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of EC numbers (EC 7)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EC%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(EC_7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EC编号列表 (EC 7)（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_7)" class="extiw" title="en:List of EC numbers (EC 7)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of EC numbers (EC 7)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=酶促反应&oldid=72898940">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=酶促反应&oldid=72898940</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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