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href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Энергія Хартры - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Энергія Хартры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_de_Hartree" title="Energia de Hartree - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Energia de Hartree" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree-Energie" title="Hartree-Energie - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hartree-Energie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree" title="Hartree - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hartree" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree" title="Hartree - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hartree" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree" title="Hartree - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hartree" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC" title="ハートリー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハートリー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC_(%EB%8B%A8%EC%9C%84)" title="하트리 (단위) - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하트리 (단위)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree_(eenheid)" title="Hartree (eenheid) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hartree (eenheid)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_Hartree%E2%80%99go" title="Energia Hartree’go - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Energia Hartree’go" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree" title="Hartree - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hartree" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Энергия Хартри - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Энергия Хартри" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enirgia_di_Hartree" title="Enirgia di Hartree - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Enirgia di Hartree" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartreejeva_energija" title="Hartreejeva energija - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hartreejeva energija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree" title="Hartree - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>L'<b>energia di Hartree</b>, spesso abbreviata con <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{h}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{h}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fa200246fd00460ad123dd7140dc00eb537d8cc0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.894ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{h}}"></span>, è un'unità di misura atomica che prende il nome dal fisico <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hartree" title="Douglas Hartree">Douglas Hartree</a>. </p><p>Per motivi storici si usa talvolta anche l'<b>energia di Rydberg</b>, di solito indicata con <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Ry}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Ry}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3f755b483d5a8895ac9ef2bb3284626dc83278e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.919ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Ry}"></span>, pari esattamente a metà <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{h}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{h}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fa200246fd00460ad123dd7140dc00eb537d8cc0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.894ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{h}}"></span>. Il nome deriva dal fisico <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Rydberg" title="Johannes Rydberg">Janne Rydberg</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definizione">Definizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Definizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'energia di Hartree è definita come<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{h}={\hbar ^{2} \over {m_{e}a_{0}^{2}}}=m_{e}c^{2}\alpha ^{2}=4{,}359\,744\,722\,2071(85)\cdot 10^{-18}\ \mathrm {J} =27{,}211\,386\,245\,988(53)\ \mathrm {eV} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi class="MJX-variant">ℏ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4,359</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>744</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>722</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>2071</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>85</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>18</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>27,211</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>386</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>245</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>988</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>53</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{h}={\hbar ^{2} \over {m_{e}a_{0}^{2}}}=m_{e}c^{2}\alpha ^{2}=4{,}359\,744\,722\,2071(85)\cdot 10^{-18}\ \mathrm {J} =27{,}211\,386\,245\,988(53)\ \mathrm {eV} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3b28ed46800c04628b4d205e2525a0818aa85003" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:85.813ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{h}={\hbar ^{2} \over {m_{e}a_{0}^{2}}}=m_{e}c^{2}\alpha ^{2}=4{,}359\,744\,722\,2071(85)\cdot 10^{-18}\ \mathrm {J} =27{,}211\,386\,245\,988(53)\ \mathrm {eV} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>dove: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \hbar \ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi class="MJX-variant">ℏ</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \hbar \ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b186f5b28b7493b99f46fa49f33e7c754d88f206" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.887ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \hbar \ }"></span> è la <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_Planck" title="Costante di Planck">costante di Planck</a> ridotta;</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{e}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{e}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2e4ed4496246f8ee0df8ba4ad77733e50b480e12" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.619ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{e}\ }"></span> è la <a href="/wiki/Massa_a_riposo_dell%27elettrone" title="Massa a riposo dell'elettrone">massa a riposo dell'elettrone</a>;</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a_{0}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a_{0}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f66f1726bed27748bb2d6a67935292035f14e68b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.865ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a_{0}\ }"></span> è il <a href="/wiki/Raggio_di_Bohr" title="Raggio di Bohr">raggio di Bohr</a>;</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/49f9a167e19842144aec62aaf47069e6a7a0ebda" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.587ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c\ }"></span> è la <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_della_luce" title="Velocità della luce">velocità della luce</a> nel vuoto;</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \alpha \ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>α</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \alpha \ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2e744c9d831e4b3c66ca542ff74bcda7e6caa3c7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.068ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \alpha \ }"></span> è la <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_struttura_fine" title="Costante di struttura fine">costante di struttura fine</a>.</dd></dl> <p>Da un punto di vista fisico, l'energia di Hartree è uguale all'energia di Rydberg moltiplicata per un fattore <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n^{2}/2}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n^{2}/2}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2c9f86c317d81ea828f5a907b28bcdf606ef84f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.774ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n^{2}/2}"></span> (dove <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> è il <a href="/wiki/Numero_quantico_principale" title="Numero quantico principale">numero quantico principale</a>). Ciò significa che nello stato fondamentale dell'atomo d'<a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a> un Hartree corrisponde al doppio dell'<a href="/wiki/Energia_di_legame" title="Energia di legame">energia di legame</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">elettrone</a>, approssimando: </p> <ul><li>massa del nucleo infinita</li> <li>nucleo puntiforme</li> <li>non <a href="/wiki/Teoria_della_relativit%C3%A0" title="Teoria della relatività">relativistica</a> (senza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Accoppiamento_di_spin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accoppiamento di spin (la pagina non esiste)">accoppiamento di spin</a>)</li></ul> <p>Sia l'energia di Hartree che l'energia di Rydberg vengono utilizzate come unità di misura nel sistema di <a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_atomiche" title="Unità atomiche">unità atomiche</a>. Per evitare fraintendimenti si usa specificare esplicitamente quale delle due si sta usando con le espressioni <b>unità atomiche Hartree</b> e <b>unità atomiche Rydberg</b>; in inglese <i>Hartree atomic units</i> e <i>Rydberg atomic units</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?hr"><span style="font-style:italic;">CODATA Value: Hartree energy</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">physics.nist.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?hrev"><span style="font-style:italic;">CODATA Value: Hartree energy in eV</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">physics.nist.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Nicola Manini, <span style="font-style:italic;">Introduction to the Physics of Matter</span>, Berlino, Springer, 2014, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-319-14381-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-319-14381-1">978-3-319-14381-1</a>.</cite> p.3-4</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_di_Hartree&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energia_degli_stati_stazionari_dell%27atomo_di_idrogeno" class="mw-redirect" title="Energia degli stati stazionari dell'atomo di idrogeno">Energia degli stati stazionari dell'atomo di idrogeno</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Unità_di_misura"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; 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width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_internazionale_di_unit%C3%A0_di_misura" title="Sistema internazionale di unità di misura">Sistema internazionale</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_fondamentali_del_sistema_internazionale" title="Unità fondamentali del sistema internazionale">Unità di base</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Secondo" title="Secondo">secondo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">metro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Chilogrammo" title="Chilogrammo">chilogrammo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ampere" title="Ampere">ampere</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">kelvin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mole" title="Mole">mole</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Candela_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Candela (unità di misura)">candela</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità derivate</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">hertz</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Newton (unità di misura)">newton</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Pascal (unità di misura)">pascal</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">joule</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">watt</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">coulomb</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">volt</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">ohm</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Siemens_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Siemens (unità di misura)">siemens</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">farad</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Tesla (unità di misura)">tesla</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Weber_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Weber (unità di misura)">weber</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Henry_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Henry (unità di misura)">henry</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius">grado Celsius</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Radiante" title="Radiante">radiante</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Steradiante" title="Steradiante">steradiante</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lumen" title="Lumen">lumen</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">lux</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Becquerel" title="Becquerel">becquerel</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gray_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Gray (unità di misura)">gray</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sievert" title="Sievert">sievert</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Katal" title="Katal">katal</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_CGS" title="Sistema CGS">Sistema CGS</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità di base</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">centimetro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">grammo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Secondo" title="Secondo">secondo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità derivate</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Dyne" title="Dyne">dyne</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Erg" title="Erg">erg</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Baria" title="Baria">baria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Poise" title="Poise">poise</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Statcoulomb" title="Statcoulomb">statcoulomb</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Statvolt" title="Statvolt">statvolt</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oersted_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Oersted (unità di misura)">oersted</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gauss_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Gauss (unità di misura)">gauss</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Maxwell (unità di misura)">maxwell</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rayl" title="Rayl">rayl</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gal" title="Gal">gal</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_pratico_degli_ingegneri" title="Sistema pratico degli ingegneri">Sistema Tecnico - MFS</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità di base</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">metro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Chilogrammo_forza" title="Chilogrammo forza">chilogrammo forza</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Secondo" title="Secondo">secondo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità derivate</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_tecnica_di_massa" title="Unità tecnica di massa">unità tecnica di massa</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_MTS" title="Sistema MTS">Sistema MTS</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità di base</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">metro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tonnellata" title="Tonnellata">tonnellata</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Secondo" title="Secondo">secondo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità derivate</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Sth%C3%A8ne" title="Sthène">sthène</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">chilojoule</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">chilowatt</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ze" title="Pièze">pièze</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_atomiche" title="Unità atomiche">Unità atomiche</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità di base</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Raggio_di_Bohr" title="Raggio di Bohr">raggio di Bohr</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Massa_a_riposo_dell%27elettrone" title="Massa a riposo dell'elettrone">massa a riposo dell'elettrone</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carica_elementare" title="Carica elementare">carica elementare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_Planck#Valore" title="Costante di Planck">costante di Dirac</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">energia di Hartree</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_misura_di_Planck" title="Unità di misura di Planck">Unità di misura di Planck</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità di base</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Tempo_di_Planck" title="Tempo di Planck">tempo di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lunghezza_di_Planck" title="Lunghezza di Planck">lunghezza di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Massa_di_Planck" title="Massa di Planck">massa di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carica_di_Planck" title="Carica di Planck">carica di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Temperatura_di_Planck" title="Temperatura di Planck">temperatura di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_Planck" title="Costante di Planck">quanto del momento angolare</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Unità derivate</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Energia_di_Planck" title="Energia di Planck">energia di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Forza_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Forza di Planck">forza di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Potenza_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Potenza di Planck">potenza di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Densità di Planck">densità di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Frequenza_angolare_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Frequenza angolare di Planck">frequenza angolare di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pressione_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressione di Planck">pressione di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Corrente_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Corrente di Planck">corrente di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tensione_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensione di Planck">tensione di Planck</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Resistenza_di_Planck" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistenza di Planck">resistenza di Planck</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;">Altre unità di misura</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Area" title="Area">Area</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Ettaro" title="Ettaro">ettaro</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0_lineare" title="Densità lineare">Densità lineare</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Denaro_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Denaro (unità di misura)">denaro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tex_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Tex (unità di misura)">tex</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Entropia" title="Entropia">Entropia</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Clausius_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Clausius (unità di misura)">clausius</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Massa_(fisica)" title="Massa (fisica)">Massa</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Grano_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Grano (unità di misura)">grano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Scruple" title="Scruple">scruple</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dramma_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Dramma (unità di misura)">dramma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oncia_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Oncia (unità di misura)">oncia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Libbra" title="Libbra">libbra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pietra_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietra (unità di misura)">pietra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Quarto_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Quarto (unità di misura)">quarto</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Slug_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Slug (unità di misura)">slug</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">Temperatura</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Grado_R%C3%B8mer" title="Grado Rømer">grado Rømer</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">Energia</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Caloria" title="Caloria">caloria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Frigoria" title="Frigoria">frigoria</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:center; width:22%;"><a href="/wiki/Lunghezza" title="Lunghezza">lunghezza</a> in astronomia</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_astronomica" title="Unità astronomica">unità astronomica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anno_luce" title="Anno luce">anno luce</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">parsec</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Metrologia"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg/25px-Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg/38px-Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg/50px-Unbalanced_scales_simpler.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Metrologia" title="Portale:Metrologia">Portale Metrologia</a></b>: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di metrologia</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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