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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Organisation_du_Travail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Organisation_du_Travail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>L'Organisation du Travail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Organisation_du_Travail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Werk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Werk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Werk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Werk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur"> <div 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Beschikbaar in 35 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لويس بلان – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لويس بلان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لويس بلان – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لويس بلان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%81" title="লুই ব্লঁ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুই ব্লঁ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82" title="लुई ब्लां – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लुई ब्लां" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB_%D4%B2%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Լուի Բլան – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուի Բլան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3" title="ルイ・ブラン – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイ・ブラン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლუი ბლანი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუი ბლანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_Blanc" title="Ludovicus Blanc – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus Blanc" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%98_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Луј Блан – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Луј Блан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ലൂയി ബ്ലാങ്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലൂയി ബ്ലാങ്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8" title="Блан, Луи – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Блан, Луи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Louis Blanc" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%97_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Луї Блан – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Луї Блан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97" title="路易·布朗 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路易·布朗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q355112#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg/260px-Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg/390px-Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg/520px-Louis_Blanc_by_Carjat_1848.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="2195" /></a><figcaption>Louis Blanc circa 1874-1877</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Jean Joseph Charles Louis Blanc</b> (<a href="/wiki/Madrid_(stad)" title="Madrid (stad)">Madrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/29_oktober" title="29 oktober">29 oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cannes" title="Cannes">Cannes</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_december" title="6 december">6 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a>) was een <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frans</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme">socialistisch</a> politicus, journalist, schrijver en historicus. Hij speelde een belangrijke rol tijdens het <a href="/wiki/Revolutiejaar_1848" title="Revolutiejaar 1848">Revolutiejaar 1848</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blanc werd in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> geboren als zoon van een inspecteur bij het ministerie van financiën. Na het <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium">gymnasium</a> te hebben doorlopen ging hij naar <a href="/wiki/Parijs" title="Parijs">Parijs</a> om journalist te worden. Aanvankelijk had hij weinig succes en moest hij een baantje als huisleraar aanvaarden bij een grootindustrieel in <a href="/wiki/Arras" title="Arras">Arras</a>. Door bezoeken aan diens fabrieken maakte hij kennis met de armzalige omstandigheden waaronder het <a href="/wiki/Proletariaat" class="mw-redirect" title="Proletariaat">proletariaat</a> in die dagen moest werken en werd de basis gelegd voor zijn socialistische levensopvatting. </p><p>In 1834 keerde Blanc terug naar Parijs en begon driftig te schrijven. Hij werkte als redacteur voor diverse socialistische kranten en bladen. In 1839 publiceerde hij zijn spraakmakende werk <i>Organisation du travail</i>, waarin hij de heerschappij der arbeidersklasse voorstond en als eerste het recht op arbeid bepleitte. Bekend werd zijn stelling 'Van ieder naar vermogen, aan ieder naar behoefte', waarmee hij bedoelde dat iedereen naar zijn vermogen moest werken en dat dan iedereen naar behoefte kon krijgen. Blanc wilde zijn socialistische denkbeelden op <a href="/wiki/Democratie" title="Democratie">democratische</a> en vreedzame wijze verwezenlijken door de oprichting van <a href="/wiki/Arbeiderszelfbestuur" title="Arbeiderszelfbestuur">arbeidersassociaties</a> met behulp van staatssteun. Eveneens voor de nodige ophef zorgde zijn boek <i>Histoire de dix ans 1830-1840</i>, waarin hij de <a href="/wiki/Juli-monarchie" class="mw-redirect" title="Juli-monarchie">juli-monarchie</a> aanviel. In 1847 kwamen de eerste twee delen van zijn <i>Histoire de la Revolution Française</i> uit. </p><p>Na de <a href="/wiki/Februarirevolutie_(1848)" title="Februarirevolutie (1848)">februarirevolutie</a> van 1848, die een eind maakte aan de juli-monarchie, werd Blanc als voorman van de <a href="/wiki/Arbeidersbeweging" title="Arbeidersbeweging">arbeidersbeweging</a> gekozen tot minister van arbeid in de voorlopige regering, die de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Franse_Republiek" title="Tweede Franse Republiek">Tweede Franse Republiek</a> uitriep. Blancs hervormingsvoorstellen werden echter voortdurend afgewezen door deze nieuwe regering, die een veel conservatiever beleid uitoefende dan de revolutionairen hadden geëist. Dit leidde tot veel onvrede onder de arbeiders. Onder druk van Blanc werden de '<a href="/wiki/Nationale_werkplaatsen" title="Nationale werkplaatsen">Ateliers Nationaux</a>' opgericht, waar <a href="/wiki/Werkloosheid" title="Werkloosheid">werklozen</a> te werk gesteld werden. De regering zorgde ervoor dat Blanc geen invloed had op de uitvoering van deze werkplaatsen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er mocht alleen werk worden verricht zonder productiewaarde, omdat de regering niet wilde dat de werkplaatsen gingen concurreren met bestaande bedrijven. De opgezette werkplaatsen waren bovendien slecht georganiseerd en beschikten over onvoldoende <a href="/wiki/Grondstof" title="Grondstof">grondstoffen</a> en gereedschap. Er waren te veel deelnemers (die maar vier dagen in de week konden werken) en er was weinig discipline onder de arbeiders. In de ogen van de bourgeoisie was het een bron van socialistische agitatie. De directeur van de sociale werkplaatsen was een openlijke tegenstander van Blanc en erkende in zijn <a href="/wiki/Memoires" title="Memoires">memoires</a> dat het de bedoeling was dat de sociale werkplaatsen zouden mislukken om zo Blancs socialistische ideeën in diskrediet te brengen.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In juni 1848 besloot de regering om de Ateliers Nationaux te ontbinden. Ongeveer 110.000 mensen waren direct of indirect afhankelijk van de Ateliers Nationaux voor hun inkomen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op 22 juni werden de arbeidersassociaties opgeheven, waardoor er een opstand uitbrak. De Parijse werklozen en arbeiders gingen op 23 juni de straat op om <i>une république <a href="/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme">sociale</a> et démocratique</i> (<i>la sociale</i>) te eisen. Deze <a href="/wiki/Juni-oproer_(Frankrijk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juni-oproer (Frankrijk)">Juni-oproer</a> werd echter op bloedige wijze neergeslagen door <a href="/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_Cavaignac" title="Louis Eugène Cavaignac">Louis Eugène Cavaignac</a>. </p><p>Blanc week na de juni-oproer via <a href="/wiki/Belgi%C3%AB" title="België">België</a> uit naar <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londen</a>, waar hij tot 1870 in asiel zou blijven. Hij werkte er verder aan zijn <i>Histoire de la Revolution Française</i>, die uiteindelijk vijftien delen zou beslaan. Na zijn terugkeer naar Frankrijk werd hij als links-republikein lid van de <a href="/wiki/Nationale_Vergadering_(Frankrijk)" title="Nationale Vergadering (Frankrijk)">Assemblée Nationale</a>. Zijn opvattingen hadden zich intussen gematigd. Als pleitbezorger van de <a href="/wiki/Sociaaldemocratie" title="Sociaaldemocratie">sociaaldemocratie</a> sprak hij zich dan ook uit tegen de <a href="/wiki/Commune_van_Parijs_(1871)" title="Commune van Parijs (1871)">Parijse commune</a> in 1871. In 1879 zorgde hij er echter wel voor dat de voormalige <a href="/wiki/Commune_van_Parijs_(1871)" title="Commune van Parijs (1871)">communards</a> amnestie kregen. </p><p>Blanc was aan het einde van zijn leven de mentor van de gematigde socialisten als <a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a> en <a href="/wiki/Georges_Clemenceau" title="Georges Clemenceau">Georges Clemenceau</a>. Nog lange tijd gold hij als een der belangrijkste theoretici van het socialisme. Hij overleed in 1882 te Cannes, 71 jaar oud, en werd onder groot eerbetoon begraven op het <a href="/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_du_P%C3%A8re-Lachaise" title="Cimetière du Père-Lachaise">Cimetière du Père-Lachaise</a> te Parijs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L'Organisation_du_Travail"><span id="L.27Organisation_du_Travail"></span>L'Organisation du Travail</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: L'Organisation du Travail" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: L'Organisation du Travail"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis Blanc heeft zijn socialistische denkbeelden beschreven in zijn boek <i>L'Organisation du Travail</i> uit 1839. Volgens Blanc was volledige werkgelegenheid slechts mogelijk als de <a href="/wiki/Overheid" title="Overheid">overheid</a> <a href="/wiki/Krediet" title="Krediet">krediet</a> verleent aan arbeiders om arbeidersassociaties op te richten. Deze arbeidersassociaties zouden wettelijk verplichte <a href="/wiki/Statuten" title="Statuten">statuten</a> hebben die door het <a href="/wiki/Parlement" title="Parlement">parlement</a> zou worden vastgesteld. Deze statuten gaven de maximale en minimale lonen aan, maar ook een minimaal percentage dat voor investering gebruikt moest worden. Verschillende associaties in dezelfde <a href="/wiki/Economische_sector" title="Economische sector">bedrijfssector</a> zouden verenigd zijn in Ateliers Nationaux, waar het macro-economische beleid zou worden vastgesteld. De bestuurders van de Ateliers Nationaux zouden worden aangesteld door de arbeidersassociaties. De verschillende Ateliers Nationaux zouden ondergeschikt zijn aan de centrale overheid. Uiteindelijk zouden alle <a href="/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme">kapitalistische</a> bedrijven weggeconcurreerd worden door de arbeidersassociaties. <a href="/wiki/Spoorweg" class="mw-redirect" title="Spoorweg">Spoorwegen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bank_(financi%C3%ABle_instelling)" title="Bank (financiële instelling)">banken</a> en <a href="/wiki/Nutsbedrijf" title="Nutsbedrijf">nutsvoorzieningen</a> zouden direct door de overheid bestuurd worden. </p><p>Blanc schreef in de eerste editie dat de lonen worden uitgekeerd naargelang functie en werkuren, terwijl hij vanaf de vijfde editie pleitte om op de lange termijn de ongelijke lonen te vervangen door gelijke lonen die hoog genoeg waren om alle behoeften te kunnen vervullen. Blanc verwoordde deze verdeling tijdens een toespraak op 3 april 1848 met de leuze: "Van ieder naar vermogen, aan ieder naar behoefte". Bij de negende editie verwijderde hij weer het pleidooi voor gelijke lonen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werk">Werk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Werk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Werk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Organisation du travail</i> (1839), Bureau de la Société de l’Industrie Fraternelle, Paris, 1847</li> <li><i>Histoire de dix ans, 1830-1840</i>, Pagnerre, Paris, 1842, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=hH52mPMmlzcC&vid=OCLC19653369&dq=Grochow+1831&ie=UTF-8&jtp=1">Google Book</a></li> <li><i>Histoire de la révolution française</i>, Lacroix, Paris, 1878, 2. Auflage, 15 Bände</li> <li><i>La contre-révolution, partisans, vendéens, chouans, émigrés 1794-1800</i> (met Jacques Crétineau-Joly)</li> <li><i>Lettres sur l'Angleterre (1866-1867)</i></li> <li><i>Dix années de l'Histoire de l'Angleterre (1879-1881)</i></li> <li><i>Questions d'aujourd'hui et de demain (1873-1884)</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur">Literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Arno Münster: <i>Das Thema der Revolte im Werk von <a href="/wiki/Jules_Vall%C3%A8s" title="Jules Vallès">Jules Vallès</a>. Ein Beitrag zur Soziologie der Kommune-Literatur</i>. Wilhelm Fink, München 1974. blz. 38-40</li> <li>F. Demier: <i>Louis Blanc. Un socialiste en république</i>. Créaphis, Parijs, 2005.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Blanc_(politicus)&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theodora.com/encyclopedia/b2/louis_blanc.html">Biographie Louis Blancs op <i>The 1911 Classic Encyclopedia</i></a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213111115/http://www.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/ac/blanc.htm">Biographie Louis Blancs op <i>Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions</i></a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1840blanc.html">Traktat über Louis Blanc op <i>Internet Modern History Sourcebook</i></a></li></ul> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_Blanc#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louis Blanc">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louis_Blanc#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louis Blanc">Louis Blanc</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <p><b>Bronnen</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studiesu07univuoft">Louis Blanc: <i>Organization of Work</i>; First Edition; 1839</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/quac001soci03_01/">G.P.H. Quack: <i>De socialisten: Personen en stelsels; Deel 3: Het tĳdvak tusschen de jaren 1830 en 1850, eerste helft: Frankrijk</i> ; 1897</a>.</li> <li>G.D.H. Cole: <i>Socialist Thought: The Forerunners; 1789 – 1850</i>; 1954</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/nederlands/domela/1901/geschiedenis/">Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis: <i>De geschiedenis van het socialisme</i>; Deel 2; 1901</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofsociali00kirkuoft">Thomas Kirkup: <i>A History of Socialism</i>; 1913</a>.</li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Referenties</b> </p> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">G.D.H. Cole: <i>Socialist Thought: The Forerunners; 1789 – 1850</i>; 1954</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/nederlands/domela/1901/geschiedenis/">Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis: <i>De geschiedenis van het socialisme</i>; Deel 2; 1901</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231102005159/https://www.marxists.org/nederlands/domela/1901/geschiedenis/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 2 november 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/quac001soci03_01/">G.P.H. Quack: <i>De socialisten: Personen en stelsels; Deel 3: Het tĳdvak tusschen de jaren 1830 en 1850, eerste helft: Frankrijk</i>; 1897</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240204233647/https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/quac001soci03_01/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 4 februari 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Voetnoot 17 van de vertaalster in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studiesu07univuoft">Louis Blanc: <i>Organization of Work</i>; First Edition</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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