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class="col-sm-8"> <div class="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <h1 class="page-header"><span>Juan Antonio Courten y González</span> </h1> <article role="article" about="/biografias/53712/juan-antonio-courten-y-gonzalez" class="bio full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-biografia"> <div class="field field--name-field-biografia field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;">Courten y González, Juan Antonio. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Tortosa (Tarragona), 10.X.1730 – La Almunia de Doña Godina (Zaragoza), 21.XII.1796. Teniente general, gobernador de Orán.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Hijo de Juan Amador Courten y Herreford (1696- 1745), de ascendencia suiza aunque nacido en Dunkerque (Francia), coronel de ingenieros, y de Ana Antonia González, natural de Ciudad Rodrigo.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Ingresó en el ejército como cadete en el Regimiento de Infantería de Flandes, el 1 de abril de 1742 fue destinado a Italia en donde sirvió hasta 1746 y combatió en la batalla de Campo Santo (10 de febrero de 1743). El 17 de septiembre de 1743 fue promovido a subteniente en el mismo regimiento.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Fue transferido como alférez de fusileros al Regimiento de Reales Guardias Walonas, el 11 de enero de 1744, tomando parte en las batallas de Velletri (11 de agosto de 1744), Piacenza (16 de junio de 1746) y Tidone (10 de agosto de 1746), así como en los sitios de las plazas de Tortona, Valencia del Po y Alesandria.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Asistió, asimismo, al paso del río Tanaro, y fue ascendido a segundo teniente de fusileros, el 13 de agosto de 1746.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">De regreso a España, ascendió sucesivamente a segundo teniente de granaderos, el 22 de septiembre de 1754, primer teniente de fusileros, el 1 de febrero de 1755 y a segundo ayudante mayor, el 20 de diciembre siguiente, con cuyo empleo asistió a la campaña de Portugal en 1762.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Finalizada la guerra, fue nombrado primer ayudante mayor de Guardias Walonas, el 28 de noviembre de 1762 y ascendido a capitán de fusileros, el 14 de mayo de 1768. Figuró en la desgraciada expedición del conde de O’Reilly contra Argel y tomó parte en el desembarco del 8 de julio de 1775.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Ascendió a capitán de granaderos, el 23 de noviembre de 1780, asistió desde esa fecha al sitio de Gibraltar, en donde sirvió a las órdenes de Ventura Caro y recibió el ascenso a brigadier de infantería, en la promoción del 1 de enero de 1783.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Finalizada la guerra con Inglaterra, tuvo el mando de los batallones de Guardias Walonas en Cataluña.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Con motivo de la accesión de Carlos IV, fue promovido a mariscal de campo, el 14 de enero de 1789.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Al año siguiente, a consecuencia del ataque del bey de Mascara, a la plaza de Orán, marchó en su refuerzo, tomando parte en su defensa, y después recibió el ascenso a teniente general, el 26 de febrero de 1791. Ejerció el cargo de comandante general interino y último de Orán desde el 23 de noviembre de 1790, el 27 de febrero de 1792 organizó la evacuación de esta plaza.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">El 17 de diciembre de 1792 obtuvo el nombramiento de sargento mayor del Regimiento de Guardias Walonas, empleo que tuvo hasta su fallecimiento.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Al declararse la guerra a Francia, fue destinado al Ejército del Rosellón, a las órdenes de Antonio Ricardos, distinguiéndose en la batalla de Masdeu, el 19 de mayo de 1793 y en los combates de Peyrestortes y Vernet, el 17 de septiembre.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">El 26 de febrero de 1795 fue nombrado capitán general del ejército y reino de Aragón y presidente de la Audiencia, cargos de los que tomó posesión el 28 de julio. Murió al año siguiente en las cercanías de Zaragoza, el 21 de diciembre de 1796.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Había casado en Barcelona en 1757 con Juana Isabel de Massenet (o Missonet), con la que tuvo una hija, Ana María, y un hijo, Juan (1766-1834).</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Fuentes y bibl.: Archivo General de Simancas, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Secretaría de Guerra, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Hoja de servicios a diciembre de 1788, leg. 2589, Cº 5, fl. 4; Archivo General Militar de Segovia, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Pensiones </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1.ª/3.ª/1205/ exp. 15; Archivo General de Palacio, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Registro de la Estampilla, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">26 de febrero de 1791, 17 de diciembre de 1792, 2 de marzo de 1795; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Gaceta de Madrid, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">16 de enero de 1789, 25 de febrero de 1792 y 2 de junio de 1795.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Col. Guillaume, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Histoire des Gardes Wallones, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bruxelles, F. Parent Editeur, 1858; Estado Mayor Central del Ejército, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Campañas en los Pirineos a finales del siglo xviii, 1793-1795, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Madrid, Servicio Histórico Militar, 1949-1959; D. Ozanam, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Los capitanes y comandantes generales de provincias en la España del siglo xviii, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Córdoba, Publicaciones de la Universidad, 2008.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Alberto Martín-Lanuza y Didier Ozanam</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';" lang="es-ES" xml:lang="es-ES"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-preguntasfrecuentes" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentbb506541-4315-4ede-8b34-510511732f52 clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p><a href="/preguntas-frecuentes">Preguntas frecuentes</a></p> </div> </section> <section class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockbiografia-destacada-block-2 clearfix" id="block-views-block-biografia-destacada-block-2"> <h2 class="block-title">Biografía destacada</h2> <div class="form-group"><div class="view view-biografia-destacada view-id-biografia_destacada view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-91c468d1aca6d96b881a6367f69c65a3b398d946005406693cce20b5db0db6ca"> <div class="view-content"> <div id="views-bootstrap-biografia-destacada-block-2" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="5000" data-pause="" data-wrap="0"> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item row active"> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/imagenes/biografias/Portal-Historia-Hisp%C3%A1nica.jpg" width="480" height="320" alt="HH" title="https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> <div class="carousel-caption"> <h3><a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und">Portal "Historia Hispánica"</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="row content-wrapper"> <div class="region region-content-bottom"> <section id="block-dbepersonajesrelacionados" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-relacionados clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-relacionados-wrapper"> <h1>Relación con otros personajes del DBE</h1> <div class="col-xs-12 block-personajes-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-first"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-063641ecd1a3e7cdca621c290fe6fcf23ac64eaf96a779796e5cafc7ecc9acf2"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Biografías que citan a este personaje</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-2"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personaje view-id-personaje view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-3ce7ee54b431f192ac5b34891a864ddf794ae5cdc9f4f6f01ea407b8fda69301"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-image"><div class="field-content"> <a href="/biografias/53712/juan-antonio-courten-y-gonzalez" hreflang="und"><img width="100" height="100" src="/sites/default/files/default_images/personaje-azul.svg" alt="DBE" title="DBE" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/biografias/53712/juan-antonio-courten-y-gonzalez" hreflang="und">Juan Antonio Courten y González</a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-last"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-08804b36ae41e6a6141a1181b4bfbfdee6786f8efa244ec5e5ea0bdf80dc291e"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Personajes citados en esta biografía</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-dbepersonajessimilares" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-similares clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-similares-wrapper"> <h1>Personajes similares</h1> <div class="personajes-similares-select-wrapper"> <select id="personajes-similares-select" class="form-select required form-control"> <option value="1" selected="selected">Mismo ámbito disciplinar / Misma época</option> <option value="2">Mismo ámbito 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