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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Zanzibar Under Colonial Rule - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Zanzibar_Under_Colonial_Rule.html?id=FxUCbQeKjogC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Zanzibar_Under_Colonial_Rule.html?id=FxUCbQeKjogC"/><meta name="title" content="Zanzibar Under Colonial Rule"/><meta name="description" content="Zanzibar stands at the centre of the Indian Ocean system's involvement in the history of Eastern Africa. The first part of the book shows the transition of Zanzibar from the commercial economy of the nineteenth century to the colonial economy of the twentieth century. In the second part the authors analyse social classes and their role in the period culminating in the insurrection of 1964. 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These were the images people had of themselves . They have been widely adopted by writers about the period , as indeed about\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA99","page_number":"99","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party ( ASP ) and after the victory of that party in the 1957 elections , owners began to evict known supporters of the ASP . In accordance with the policy of the ZNP to encourage the replacement of mainland with indigenous\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA100","page_number":"100","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e , to emphasise the similarity of their origins with those of the Arabs ; they persistently saw their interests in different terms from other Africans in Zanzibar . The African Association and the \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association had long\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA105","page_number":"105","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party : A Liberation Movement , Zanzibar , Printing Press Corporation , 1973 , p . 9 . 17. ARDA 1946 , pp . 3-4 ; ARLD 1946 , pp . 1–3 ; ARPA 1946 , pp . 1–5 ; Zanzibar Government , Fruits of the Zanzibar Revolution , Zanzibar\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA106","page_number":"106","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , The Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party Revolution , Zanzibar , Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 19754 p . 44 . 34. See Lofchie , op . cit . , pp . 131-255 , for his interpretation of these events . 35. DLC , November 10 , 1955 , pp . 171-6 , p\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA111","page_number":"111","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e - was no longer a homogeneous entity , nor was it composed solely of that ethnic group . It is not surprising that the politics of the peasantry should have appeared bewildering to the ethnically inclined analyst . Lenin had\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA116","page_number":"116","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e area of Unguja , and probably by the sheha of Tumbatu and the diwanis of Pemba . The Mwinyi Mkuu appointed the shakua who was charged with the duty of collecting tribute , consisting of millet , mangrove poles and labour . Each\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA119","page_number":"119","snippet_text":"... [ \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e ] to go to the plantations and pick . The result however of all our endeavours was that not a single Mhadimu volunteered for work . The Masheha stated that their people had their particular employments and affairs to attend to\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA121","page_number":"121","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association considered the contract akin to slavery and tried to persuade the \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e in 1944 not to sign them.32 As a result of these various measures the peasantry contributed a substantial supply of labour to meet the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA134","page_number":"134","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association was an ex - sheha whose son was a school teacher , and all committee members were \u0026#39; persons of note in the ... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e community \u0026#39; . One of the first demands of the Association was for representation in the CGA and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA140","page_number":"140","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association to British Resident , Welcoming Address , 1948 ; District Commissioner , Pemba , to Senior ... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party Revolution , 1964-1974 , Zanzibar , Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party 1974 , p . 45 . Five q q pdf pdf pdf p q\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA144","page_number":"144","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e community . Political decline led to landlord \u0026#39; nationalism \u0026#39; , essentially another defensive measure by this class to recapture past grandeur and turn fiction into reality . It is against this background that one should place\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA197","page_number":"197","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party ( ASP ) , leadership in both federations joined this opposition force to create the broad base for the 1964 Revolution . 1930-1945 The first legislative act in Zanzibar legalising trade unions was the 1931 Trade Union\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA200","page_number":"200","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e and mainland African communities . While Britain correctly anticipated increased labour militancy in the colonies by the end of World War II , the dynamic was not predictable . Immediately the situation in Zanzibar was altered\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA204","page_number":"204","snippet_text":"... same year , the Zanzibar National Party ( ZNP ) was created as the first nationalist party , to be followed in 1957 by the launching of the Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party ( ASP ) . Here were the elements of a broad anti - colonial 204 Class\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA205","page_number":"205","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e , while the ASP had petty - bourgeois African leadership of mainland origin . Both parties needed the support of peasants and workers . To the extent that the latter were already organised , a firm tie was sought with the union\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA225","page_number":"225","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party ( ASP ) was created in 1957 out of the merger of the African Association and the \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association . The organisation was a reaction to the peasant anti - colonial movement ; its principal objective was to oppose the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA255","page_number":"255","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e and the more recent immigrants from the mainland ; the latter had their own \u0026#39; tribal \u0026#39; allegiances . - Most of these associations contained a cross - section of classes dominated by the most powerful interests . Control over\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA257","page_number":"257","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association , resulting in a multi - racial call by Zanzibaris for a greater say in the affairs of their country . The colonial state reacted against this strongly nationalist stance by the association\u0026#39;s weekly , Al Falaq , and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA264","page_number":"264","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party : A Liberation Movement , Zanzibar , Printing Press Corporation , 1973 The Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party Revolution , 1964-1974 , Zanzibar , Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 1974 Bartlett , C.A. , Statistics of the\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA264\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA271","page_number":"271","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 225 , 258 African Trade Union Conference , 209 African Wharfage Company , 91 , 191 , 202 Africans , mainland , 92 , 93 , 255 ; and Afro- -\u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 100 , 101 ; and overthrow of government , 104 ; description of 192\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA271\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA272","page_number":"272","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Associa- tion , 134 ; exploitative role of , 4 ; export strategy , 97 ; formation of , 132 , 158 , 179 ; monopoly of , 84-5 , 159 , 181 ; pricing con- trol , 183 ; role as moneylender , 96 ; role in stimulating consumption , 175\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA272\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA274","page_number":"274","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 230 , 232 , 256 ; and col- onial government , 180 , 181 , 183 Indian National Congress , 178 Indian Ocean trade , 15 , 145 , 163 , 165 Indians , as dominant merchant class , 164-5 , 168 , 170 ; as export middlemen , 131\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA274\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA276","page_number":"276","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 229 , 259 ; and Legislative Council , 86 , bei khiyar sales , 130-1 ; clove ownership , 133 , 254 ; clove picking , 121-2 ; diwanis , 116 ; famine ( 1946 ) , 90 ; geographical zones , 112 ; half - and - half system , 128\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA276\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA277","page_number":"277","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e , 11 , 134 , 255 \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Association , 257 ; and contract system , 121 ; conflict with African Association , 100 ; connection with Iran , 93 ; formation of , 134 ; formation of Afro - \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party , 225 , 258 ; Unguja , 135\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA277\u0026vq=Shirazi"},{"page_id":"PA278","page_number":"278","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eShirazi\u003c/b\u003e Party ) Youth\u0026#39;s Own Union , 227 Zaaidi , Maalim , 222 Zaire , 194 Zama za Siasa ( period of party politics ) , 225-38 , 259 Zanzibar , British Protectorate , 36 , 153 , 171 ; People\u0026#39;s Republic , 244 ; pre - colonial his- tory\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=FxUCbQeKjogC\u0026pg=PA278\u0026vq=Shirazi"}],"search_query_escaped":"Shirazi"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>