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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cityscapes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscapes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Cityscapes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cityscapes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Neighborhoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Local_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Local government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historical_sites_and_museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_sites_and_museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Historical sites and museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_sites_and_museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events_and_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events_and_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Events and traditions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events_and_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Environmental concerns </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_concerns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Environmental concerns subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Berkeley_Pit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berkeley_Pit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Berkeley Pit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berkeley_Pit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upper_Clark_Fork_River" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upper_Clark_Fork_River"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Upper Clark Fork River </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upper_Clark_Fork_River-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Media </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Media subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radio_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Radio and television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Newspapers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 In popular culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In popular culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Film and television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary_depictions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_depictions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Literary depictions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary_depictions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Works cited </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Further reading </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Further reading subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pollution_and_toxic_cleanup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pollution_and_toxic_cleanup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.1 Pollution and toxic cleanup </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pollution_and_toxic_cleanup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.2 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.3 Primary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 External links </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle External links subsection </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Local_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.1 Local resources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photographs_and_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photographs_and_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.2 Photographs and media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photographs_and_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Butte, Montana</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" > 57 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A_(%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7)" title="بوتي (مونتانا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوتي (مونتانا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بوت، مونتانا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بوت، مونتانا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%E2%80%99%D1%8E%D1%82_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Б’ют (горад) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Б’ют (горад)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%82" title="Бют – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бют" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte-Silver_Bow" title="Butte-Silver Bow – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Butte-Silver Bow" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(kapital_sa_kondado_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Montana)" title="Butte (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Butte (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte" title="Butte – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Butte" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84_(%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1)" title="Μπιουτ (Μοντάνα) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπιουτ (Μοντάνα)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بوت، مونتانا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوت، مونتانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%DB%8A%D8%AA_(%D9%85%D8%A4%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7)" title="بيۊت (مؤنتانا) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="بيۊت (مؤنتانا)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B7%B0%ED%8A%B8_(%EB%AA%AC%ED%83%9C%EB%82%98%EC%A3%BC)" title="뷰트 (몬태나주) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뷰트 (몬태나주)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%83_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Батт-Силвэр Боу (Монтана) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Батт-Силвэр Боу (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte" title="Butte – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Butte" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%83_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Батт-Силвэр Боу (Монтана) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Батт-Силвэр Боу (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Бьютт (Монтана) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Бьютт (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bjutas" title="Bjutas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bjutas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بيوت مونتانا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيوت مونتانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88_(%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8A%E5%B7%9E)" title="ビュート (モンタナ州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビュート (モンタナ州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Бьют (Монтана) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бьют (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte" title="Butte – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Butte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Бьютт (Монтана) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бьютт (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(M%C5%AFntana)" title="Butte (Můntana) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Butte (Můntana)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%98%D1%83%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Бјут (Монтана) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бјут (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte-Silver_Bow,_Montana" title="Butte-Silver Bow, Montana – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Butte-Silver Bow, Montana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte" title="Butte – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Butte" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Бьют (Монтана) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бьют (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%27%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%82_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Б'ютт (Монтана) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Б'ютт (Монтана)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="بوٹ، مونٹانا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بوٹ، مونٹانا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte_(Montana)" title="Butte (Montana) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Butte (Montana)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Butte, Montana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%A4%E7%89%B9_(%E8%92%99%E5%A4%A7%E6%8B%BF%E5%B7%9E)" title="比尤特 (蒙大拿州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比尤特 (蒙大拿州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q467664#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="View the content page [c]" 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Butte,_Montana&params=45_54_08_N_112_39_24_W_region:US-MT_type:city(34494)">45°54′08″N 112°39′24″W / 45.90222°N 112.65667°W / 45.90222; -112.65667</a></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Butte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Butte-Silver Bow</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte,_Montana_collage.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Clockwise, left to right: view of uptown Butte from west; Our Lady of the Rockies; Curtis Music Hall; aerial view of the Berkeley Pit; mine headframe; and the Finlen Hotel"><img alt="Clockwise, left to right: view of uptown Butte from west; Our Lady of the Rockies; Curtis Music Hall; aerial view of the Berkeley Pit; mine headframe; and the Finlen Hotel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Butte%2C_Montana_collage.png/250px-Butte%2C_Montana_collage.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="404" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Butte%2C_Montana_collage.png/500px-Butte%2C_Montana_collage.png 1.5x" data-file-width="2243" data-file-height="3625" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Clockwise, left to right: view of uptown Butte from west; <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies" title="Our Lady of the Rockies">Our Lady of the Rockies</a>; Curtis Music Hall; aerial view of the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a>; mine headframe; and the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Finlen" title="Hotel Finlen">Finlen Hotel</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Butte,_Montana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Butte"><img alt="Flag of Butte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg/100px-Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg/150px-Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg/200px-Flag_of_Butte%2C_Montana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="648" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Butte,_Montana.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Butte"><img alt="Official seal of Butte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_Butte%2C_Montana.png/100px-Seal_of_Butte%2C_Montana.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f0/Seal_of_Butte%2C_Montana.png 1.5x" data-file-width="141" data-file-height="138" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Butte America</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The Richest Hill on Earth</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Silver Bow County showing the city of Butte in red and Walkerville in gray"><img alt="Map of Silver Bow County showing the city of Butte in red and Walkerville in gray" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg/250px-Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg/375px-Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg/500px-Silver_Bow_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butte_Highlighted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="550" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Map of Silver Bow County showing the city of Butte in red and <a href="/wiki/Walkerville,_Montana" title="Walkerville, Montana">Walkerville</a> in gray</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Butte,_Montana&params=45_54_08_N_112_39_24_W_region:US-MT_type:city(34494)">45°54′08″N 112°39′24″W / 45.90222°N 112.65667°W / 45.90222; -112.65667</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Montana" title="List of counties in Montana">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow_County,_Montana" title="Silver Bow County, Montana">Silver Bow</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_settlement" title="Human settlement">Settled</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1864; 161 years ago (1864)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-TigerWebMapServer-1">[1]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">716.34 sq mi (1,855.32 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">715.76 sq mi (1,853.80 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">0.59 sq mi (1.52 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-2">[2]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,824 ft (1,775 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">34,494</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">48.19/sq mi (18.61/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%927" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−7">UTC−7</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Time_Zone" title="Mountain Time Zone">MST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Daylight Time">MDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ZIP code">ZIP code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">59701, 59702, 59703, 59707, 59750</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_406" title="Area code 406">406</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Information Processing Standard">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">30-11397</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">2409651<a href="#cite_note-gnis-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.co.silverbow.mt.us/">www.co.silverbow.mt.us</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Butte (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/bjuːt/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">BEWT</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow_County,_Montana" title="Silver Bow County, Montana">Silver Bow County, Montana</a>, United States. In 1977, the city and county governments consolidated to form the sole entity of Butte-Silver Bow. The city covers 718 square miles (1,860 km2), and, according to the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020 census</a>, has a population of 34,494, making it Montana's <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Montana" title="List of municipalities in Montana">fifth-largest city</a>. It is served by <a href="/wiki/Bert_Mooney_Airport" title="Bert Mooney Airport">Bert Mooney Airport</a> with airport code BTM. Established in 1864 as a <a href="/wiki/Mining_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining camp">mining camp</a> in the northern <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide</a>, Butte experienced rapid development in the late 19th century, and was Montana's first major industrial city.<a href="#cite_note-historyculture-3">[3]</a> In its heyday between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was one of the largest copper <a href="/wiki/Boomtown" title="Boomtown">boom towns</a> in the <a href="/wiki/American_West" class="mw-redirect" title="American West">American West</a>. Employment opportunities in the mines attracted surges of Asian and European immigrants, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a>;<a href="#cite_note-bbelspk-4">[4]</a> as of 2017, Butte has the largest population of <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish Americans</a> per capita of any U.S. city. Butte was also the site of various historical events involving its <a href="/wiki/Mining_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining industry">mining industry</a> and active <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">labor unions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialism in the United States">socialist</a> politics, the most famous of which was the <a href="/wiki/1914_Butte,_Montana,_labor_riots" title="1914 Butte, Montana, labor riots">labor riot of 1914</a>. Despite the dominance of the <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper" title="Anaconda Copper">Anaconda Copper Mining Company</a>, Butte was never a <a href="/wiki/Company_town" title="Company town">company town</a>. Other major events in the city's history include the 1917 <a href="/wiki/Speculator_Mine_disaster" title="Speculator Mine disaster">Speculator Mine disaster</a>, the largest hard rock mining disaster in world history. Over the course of its history, Butte's mining and <a href="/wiki/Smelting" title="Smelting">smelting</a> operations generated more than $48 billion worth of <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ore</a>, but also resulted in numerous environmental implications for the city: The upper <a href="/wiki/Clark_Fork_River" title="Clark Fork River">Clark Fork River</a>, with headwaters at Butte, is the largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_Superfund_sites" title="List of Superfund sites">Superfund site</a> in the nation, and the city is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a>. In the late 20th century, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</a> instated cleanup efforts, and the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Citizens_Technical_Environmental_Committee" title="Butte Citizens Technical Environmental Committee">Butte Citizens Technical Environmental Committee</a> was established in 1984. In the 21st century, efforts to interpret and preserve Butte's heritage are addressing both the town's historical significance and the continuing importance of mining to its economy and culture. The city's Uptown Historic District, on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>, is one of the largest <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark Districts</a> in the U.S., containing nearly 6,000 contributing properties. The city is also home to <a href="/wiki/Montana_Technological_University" title="Montana Technological University">Montana Technological University</a>, a public engineering and technical university. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Butte,_Montana" title="History of Butte, Montana">History of Butte, Montana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history_and_immigrants">Early history and immigrants</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history and immigrants">edit</a>]</div> Before Butte's formal establishment in 1864, the area consisted of a mining camp that had developed in the early 1860s.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201370-5">[5]</a> The city is in the Silver Bow Creek Valley (or Summit Valley), a natural bowl sitting high in the Rockies straddling the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone20063–4-6">[6]</a> positioned on the southwestern side of a large mass of <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Boulder_Batholith" title="Boulder Batholith">Boulder Batholith</a>, which dates to the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> era.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> In 1874, William L. Farlin founded the Asteroid Mine (subsequently known as the Travona), which attracted a significant number of prospectors seeking <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> The mines attracted workers from <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> (England),<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Ireland, Wales, Lebanon, Canada, Finland, Austria, Italy, China, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, Mexico, and more.<a href="#cite_note-irisham-9">[9]</a> In the ethnic neighborhoods, young men formed gangs to protect their territory and socialize into adult life, including the Irish of Dublin Gulch, the Eastern Europeans of the McQueen Addition, and the Italians of Meaderville.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn2012-10">[10]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_Montana_(15667252674).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg/220px-Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg/330px-Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg/440px-Butte_Montana_%2815667252674%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="814" /></a><figcaption>Butte courthouse and additional buildings, 1885</figcaption></figure> Among the migrants were many Chinese who set up businesses that created a Chinatown in Butte.<a href="#cite_note-bbelspk-4">[4]</a> The Chinese migrations stopped in 1882 with the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act" title="Chinese Exclusion Act">Chinese Exclusion Act</a>. There was anti-Chinese sentiment in the 1870s and onward due to the white settlers' racism, exacerbated by economic depression, and in 1895, the chamber of commerce and labor unions started a boycott of Chinese-owned businesses. The business owners fought back by suing the unions and won. The history of the Chinese migrants in Butte is documented in the <a href="/wiki/Mai_Wah_Museum" title="Mai Wah Museum">Mai Wah Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The influx of miners gave Butte a reputation as a wide-open town where any vice was obtainable. The city's saloon and red-light district, called the "Line" or "The Copper Block", centered on Mercury Street, where the elegant <a href="/wiki/Bordello" class="mw-redirect" title="Bordello">bordellos</a> included the famous <a href="/wiki/Dumas_Brothel" title="Dumas Brothel">Dumas Brothel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-baumler-13">[13]</a> Behind the brothel was the equally famous <a href="/wiki/Venus_Alley" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus Alley">Venus Alley</a>, where women plied their trade in small cubicles called "cribs."<a href="#cite_note-baumler-13">[13]</a> The red-light district brought miners and other men from all over the region and remained open until 1982 after the closure of the Dumas Brothel; the city's red-light was one of the last such urban districts in the country.<a href="#cite_note-baumler-13">[13]</a> Commercial breweries first opened in Butte in the 1870s, and were a staple of the city's early economy; they were usually run by German immigrants, including Leopold Schmidt, Henry Mueller, and Henry Muntzer. The breweries were always staffed by union workers. Most ethnic groups in Butte, from Germans and Irish to Italians and various Eastern Europeans, including children, enjoyed the locally brewed lagers, bocks, and other types of beer.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_America_tunnel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Butte_America_tunnel.jpg/250px-Butte_America_tunnel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Butte_America_tunnel.jpg/330px-Butte_America_tunnel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Butte_America_tunnel.jpg/500px-Butte_America_tunnel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1084" data-file-height="1826" /></a><figcaption>Butte America tunnel</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_expansion">Industrial expansion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Industrial expansion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards,_Anselmo_Mine,_Butte,_Silver_Bow_County,_MT_HAER_MONT,47-BUT.V,1-A-32.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif/lossy-page1-220px-ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif/lossy-page1-330px-ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif/lossy-page1-440px-ANSELMO_HEADFRAME_AND_TIPPLE_LOOKING_EAST_-_Butte_Mineyards%2C_Anselmo_Mine%2C_Butte%2C_Silver_Bow_County%2C_MT_HAER_MONT%2C47-BUT.V%2C1-A-32.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3972" /></a><figcaption>The Anselmo Mine, one of many in Butte, opened in 1887.</figcaption></figure> In the late 19th century, copper was in great demand because of new technologies such as electric power that required the use of copper. Industrial magnates fought for control of Butte's mining wealth. These "<a href="/wiki/Copper_Kings" title="Copper Kings">Copper Kings</a>" were <a href="/wiki/William_Andrews_Clark" class="mw-redirect" title="William Andrews Clark">William A. Clark</a>,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Daly" title="Marcus Daly">Marcus Daly</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Andrew_Murray" title="James Andrew Murray">James Andrew Murray</a> and <a href="/wiki/F._Augustus_Heinze" title="F. Augustus Heinze">F. Augustus Heinze</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> The Anaconda Copper Mining Company began in 1881 when <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Daly" title="Marcus Daly">Marcus Daly</a> bought a small mine named the Anaconda. He was a part-owner, mine manager and engineer of the Alice, a silver mine in Walkerville, a suburb of Butte. While working in the Alice, he noticed significant quantities of high-grade copper ore. Daly obtained permission to inspect nearby workings. After his employers, the Walker Brothers, refused to buy the Anaconda, Daly sold his interest in the Alice and bought it himself. He asked San Francisco mining magnate <a href="/wiki/George_Hearst" title="George Hearst">George Hearst</a> for additional support. Hearst agreed to buy one-fourth of the new company's stock without visiting the site. While mining the silver left in his mine, huge deposits of <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> were soon developed and Daly became a copper magnate. When surrounding silver mines "played out" and closed, Daly quietly bought up the neighboring mines, forming a mining company. He built a smelter at <a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda, Montana</a> (a company town), and connected it to Butte by railway. Anaconda Company eventually owned all the mines on Butte Hill.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Between 1884 and 1888, W. A. Clark constructed the <a href="/wiki/Copper_King_Mansion" title="Copper King Mansion">Copper King Mansion</a> in Butte, which became his second residence from his home in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGordon201538–41-17">[17]</a> In 1899, he also purchased the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Gardens_(amusement_park)" title="Columbia Gardens (amusement park)">Columbia Gardens</a>, a small park he developed into an <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park" title="Amusement park">amusement park</a>, featuring a pavilion, roller coaster, and a lake for swimming and canoeing. Clark's expansion of the park was intended to "provide a place where children and families could get away from the polluted air of the Butte mining industry."<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The city's rapid expansion was noted in an 1889 frontier survey: "Butte, Montana, fifteen years ago a small placer-mining village clinging to the mountain side, has now risen to the rank of the first mining camp of the world... [It] is now the most populous city of Montana, numbering twenty-five thousand active, enterprising, prosperous inhabitants."<a href="#cite_note-great-19">[19]</a> In 1888 alone, mining operations in Butte generated an "almost inconceivable" output of $23 million (equivalent to $804,914,815 in 2024) worth of ore.<a href="#cite_note-great-19">[19]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbia_Gardens,_Butte,_Montana_1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg/220px-Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg/330px-Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg/440px-Columbia_Gardens%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Gardens_(amusement_park)" title="Columbia Gardens (amusement park)">Columbia Gardens</a>, an amusement park in Butte, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1905</figcaption></figure> Copper ore mined from the Butte mining district in 1910 alone totaled 284,000,000 pounds (129,000,000 kg); at the time, Butte was the largest producer of copper in North America and rivaled in worldwide metal production only by <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> The same year, in excess of 10,000,000 troy ounces (310,000 kg) of <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a> and 37,000 troy ounces (1,200 kg) of <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> were also discovered.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> The amount of ore produced in the city earned it the nickname "The Richest Hill on Earth."<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> With its large workforce of miners performing in physically dangerous conditions, Butte was the site of active <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor union</a> movements, and came to be known as "the Gibraltar of Unionism."<a href="#cite_note-union-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-munday-21">[21]</a> By 1885, there were about 1,800 dues-paying members of a general union in Butte. That year the union reorganized as the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Miners%27_Union" title="Butte Miners' Union">Butte Miners' Union</a> (BMU), spinning off all non-miners to separate <a href="/wiki/Craft_unionism" title="Craft unionism">craft unions</a>. Some of these joined the <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Labor" title="Knights of Labor">Knights of Labor</a>, and by 1886 the separate organizations came together to form the Silver Bow Trades and Labor Assembly, with 34 separate unions representing nearly all of the 6,000 workers around Butte.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone200676–7-22">[22]</a> The BMU established branch unions in mining towns like Barker, Castle, Champion, <a href="/wiki/Granite,_Montana" title="Granite, Montana">Granite</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Neihart,_Montana" title="Neihart, Montana">Neihart</a>, and extended support to other mining camps hundreds of miles away. In 1892 there was <a href="/wiki/1892_Coeur_d%27Alene_labor_strike" title="1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike">a violent strike</a> in <a href="/wiki/Coeur_d%27Alene,_Idaho" title="Coeur d'Alene, Idaho">Coeur d'Alene</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarlson198450-23">[23]</a> Although the BMU was experiencing relatively friendly relations with local management, the events in Idaho were disturbing. The BMU not only sent thousands of dollars to support the Idaho miners, they mortgaged their buildings to send more.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone200677-24">[24]</a> There was a growing concern that local unions were vulnerable to the power of <a href="/wiki/Mine_Owners%27_Association" title="Mine Owners' Association">Mine Owners' Associations</a> like the one in Coeur d'Alene.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In May 1893, about 40 delegates from northern hard-rock mining camps met in Butte and established the <a href="/wiki/Western_Federation_of_Miners" title="Western Federation of Miners">Western Federation of Miners</a> (WFM), which sought to organize miners throughout the West.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The Butte Miners' Union became Local Number One of the new WFM.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone200679-27">[27]</a> The WFM <a href="/wiki/Cripple_Creek_miners%27_strike_of_1894" title="Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894">won a strike</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cripple_Creek,_Colorado" title="Cripple Creek, Colorado">Cripple Creek, Colorado</a>, the following year, but in 1896–97 <a href="/wiki/Leadville_miners%27_strike" title="Leadville miners' strike">lost another violent strike</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leadville,_Colorado" title="Leadville, Colorado">Leadville, Colorado</a>, prompting the Montana State Trades and Labor Council to issue <a href="/wiki/November_1897_proclamation" title="November 1897 proclamation">a proclamation to organize a new Western labor federation</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> along <a href="/wiki/Industrial_unionism" title="Industrial unionism">industrial lines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anaconda_Copper_and_civil_unrest">Anaconda Copper and civil unrest</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Anaconda Copper and civil unrest">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper" title="Anaconda Copper">Anaconda Copper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speculator_Mine_disaster" title="Speculator Mine disaster">Speculator Mine disaster</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Road_massacre" title="Anaconda Road massacre">Anaconda Road massacre</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IWW_organizer_Frank_Little,_c._1917.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg/180px-IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg/270px-IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg/360px-IWW_organizer_Frank_Little%2C_c._1917.jpg 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="771" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Frank_Little_(unionist)" title="Frank Little (unionist)">Frank Little</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Workers_of_the_World" title="Industrial Workers of the World">IWW</a> organizer who was lynched in Butte in 1917</figcaption></figure> In 1899, Daly, <a href="/wiki/William_Rockefeller" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rockefeller">William Rockefeller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Rogers" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry H. Rogers">Henry H. Rogers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Lawson_(businessman)" title="Thomas W. Lawson (businessman)">Thomas W. Lawson</a> organized the Amalgamated Copper Mining Company.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone2006137-30">[30]</a> Not long after, the company changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper_Mining_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaconda Copper Mining Company">Anaconda Copper Mining Company</a> (ACM). Over the years, Anaconda was owned by assorted larger corporations. In the 1920s, it had a virtual monopoly over the mines in and around Butte.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith200825-31">[31]</a> Between approximately 1900 and 1917, Butte also had a strong streak of <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialist</a> politics, even electing Mayor Lewis Duncan on the Socialist ticket in 1911, and again in 1913; Duncan was impeached in 1914 for neglecting duties after a bombing in the city's miners' hall in 1914.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalvert198843–7-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Butte also established itself as "one of the most solid union cities in America."<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> After 1905, it became a hotbed of <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Workers_of_the_World" title="Industrial Workers of the World">Industrial Workers of the World</a> (IWW, or the "Wobblies") organizing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201373-35">[35]</a> Rivalry between IWW supporters and the WFM locals culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana_labor_riots_of_1914" class="mw-redirect" title="Butte, Montana labor riots of 1914">Butte, Montana labor riots of 1914</a>, and resulted in the loss of union recognition by the mine owners.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy1997125-36">[36]</a> After the dissolution of the Miners' Union, the Anaconda Company attempted to inaugurate programs aimed at enticing employees.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy1997125-36">[36]</a> A number of clashes between laborers, labor organizers, and the Anaconda Company ensued, including the 1917 lynching of IWW executive board officer <a href="/wiki/Frank_Little_(unionist)" title="Frank Little (unionist)">Frank Little</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy1997224-37">[37]</a> In 1920, company mine guards gunned down strikers in the <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Road_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaconda Road Massacre">Anaconda Road Massacre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn199833-38">[38]</a> Seventeen were shot in the back as they tried to flee, and one man died.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy199733-39">[39]</a> Sparked by a tragic accident more than 2,000 feet (600 m) below the ground on June 8, 1917, a fire in the <a href="/wiki/Speculator_Mine_disaster" title="Speculator Mine disaster">Granite Mountain</a> mine <a href="/wiki/Shaft_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaft mining">shaft</a> spewed flames, smoke, and poisonous gas through the labyrinth of tunnels including the connected Speculator Mine.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> A rescue effort commenced, but <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a> was contaminating the air supply.<a href="#cite_note-nogreater-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-lm-42">[42]</a> Several men barricaded themselves against <a href="/wiki/Bulkhead_(barrier)" title="Bulkhead (barrier)">bulkheads</a> to save their lives, but many others died in a panic to try to escape.<a href="#cite_note-lm-42">[42]</a> Rescue workers set up a fan to prevent the fire from spreading. This worked for a short time, but when the rescuers tried to use water, it evaporated, creating <a href="/wiki/Steam" title="Steam">steam</a> that burned those trying to escape.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPunke200654-43">[43]</a> Once the fire had been extinguished, recovery of the deceased began; many of the bodies were mutilated beyond recognition, leaving many unidentified.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPunke200659-44">[44]</a> The disaster claimed a total of 168 lives.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPunke2006280-45">[45]</a> As of 2017, the event remained the largest hard rock mining accident in history.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The Granite Mountain Memorial in Butte commemorates those who died in the accident.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Protests and strikes began after the Speculator Mine disaster, as well as the establishment of the Metal Mine Workers Union; about 15,000 workers abandoned their jobs in the disaster's wake.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> Between 1914 and 1920, the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">U.S. National Guard</a> occupied Butte six times to restore civility.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> In 1917, copper production from the Butte mines peaked and steadily declined thereafter. By WWII, copper production from the ACM's holdings in <a href="/wiki/Chuquicamata" title="Chuquicamata">Chuquicamata</a>, Chile, far exceeded Butte's production.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn199834-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> In 1919, women's rights activist <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Jane_Steele_Rozsa" title="Margaret Jane Steele Rozsa">Margaret Jane Steele Rozsa</a> became a food inspector for Butte, and immediately began pressing for change to questionable practices by several county commissioners who had been keeping the community's cost of living artificially high by, among other things, allowing carloads of perishable foods to rot on unloaded trains at the railroad station.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> She also "was instrumental in getting senate bill No. 19 through the legislature" that year to ensure that 199 tubercular soldiers who had served in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I_and_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="World War I and the United States">World War I</a> would be given "preference of entry to the Galen hospital", and that the legislature would authorize $20,000 to build additional dormitories at the hospital to make that care possible since hospital admissions were already at capacity.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In 1921, she became the first female prohibition inspector in the city.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Open-pit_mining_era">Open-pit mining era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Open-pit mining era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Phantom_Foe_(1920)_-_American_Theater,_Butte,_Montana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg/220px-The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg/330px-The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg/440px-The_Phantom_Foe_%281920%29_-_American_Theater%2C_Butte%2C_Montana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>Patrons at a matinee of <a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_Foe" title="The Phantom Foe">The Phantom Foe</a> at the American Theater, December 25, 1920</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg/220px-Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg/330px-Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg/440px-Butte_Montana_1942_LOC_1a35027u.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6920" data-file-height="5232" /></a><figcaption>1942 view of the city</figcaption></figure> Disputes between miners' unions and companies continued through the 1920s and 1930s,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaloneRoederLang1991329-55">[55]</a> with several strikes and protests, one of which lasted for ten months in 1921.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-56">[56]</a> On New Year's Eve 1922, protestors attempted to detonate the Hibernian Hall on Main Street with <a href="/wiki/Dynamite" title="Dynamite">dynamite</a>.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-thornton-57">[57]</a> Further industrial expansions included the arrival of the first mail plane in 1928, and in 1937, the city's <a href="/wiki/Streetcar" class="mw-redirect" title="Streetcar">streetcar</a> system was dismantled and replaced by bus lines.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-56">[56]</a> After the 1920s, the ACM began to reduce its activities in Butte due to the labor-intensivity of underground mining, as well as competition from other mine holdings in South America.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> This led the Anaconda Company to switch its focus in Butte from <a href="/wiki/Underground_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground mining">underground mining</a> to <a href="/wiki/Open_pit_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Open pit mining">open pit mining</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> Since the 1950s, five major developments in the city have occurred: the Anaconda's decision to begin open-pit mining in the mid-1950s,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> a series of fires in Butte's business district in the 1970s,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> a debate over whether to relocate the city's historic business district, a new civic leadership, and the end of copper mining in 1983. In response, Butte looked for ways to diversify the economy and provide employment. The legacy of over a century of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">environmental degradation</a> has, for example, produced some jobs. Environmental cleanup in Butte, designated a Superfund site, has employed hundreds of people.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Thousands of homes were destroyed in the Meaderville suburb and surrounding areas, McQueen and East Butte, to excavate the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper" title="Anaconda Copper">Anaconda Copper</a> opened in 1954.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingWatsonSchellinger201374-48">[48]</a> When it opened, the Berkeley Pit was the largest truck-operated open pit copper mine in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> It grew until it began encroaching on the Columbia Gardens.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1998191-61">[61]</a> After the Gardens caught fire and burned to the ground in November 1973, the Continental Pit was excavated on the former park site.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1998192-62">[62]</a> In 1977, the <a href="/wiki/ARCO" title="ARCO">ARCO</a> (Atlantic Richfield Company) purchased Anaconda, and three years later started shutting down mines due to lower metal prices.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn199866–7-63">[63]</a> In 1983,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn199867-64">[64]</a> all mining in the Berkeley Pit was suspended. The same year, an organization of low-income and unemployed Butte residents formed to fight for jobs and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_justice" title="Environmental justice">environmental justice</a>; the Butte Community Union produced a detailed plan for community revitalization and won substantial benefits, including a <a href="/wiki/Montana_Supreme_Court" title="Montana Supreme Court">Montana Supreme Court</a> victory striking down as unconstitutional state elimination of welfare benefits.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> After mining ceased at the Berkeley Pit, water pumps in nearby mines were also shut down, which resulted in highly acidic water laced with toxic heavy metals filling up the pit.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berkeley_pit1984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Berkeley_pit1984.jpg/220px-Berkeley_pit1984.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Berkeley_pit1984.jpg/330px-Berkeley_pit1984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Berkeley_pit1984.jpg/440px-Berkeley_pit1984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1627" data-file-height="1077" /></a><figcaption>The Berkeley Pit in 1984</figcaption></figure> Anaconda ceased mining at the Continental Pit in 1983. <a href="/wiki/Montana_Resources_LLP" title="Montana Resources LLP">Montana Resources LLP</a> bought the property and reopened the Continental Pit in 1986.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The company ceased mining in 2000, but resumed in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> From 1880 through 2005, the mines of the Butte district produced more than 9.6 million metric tons of copper, 2.1 million metric tons of zinc, 1.6 million metric tons of manganese, 381,000 metric tons of lead, 87,000 metric tons of molybdenum, 715 million troy ounces (22,200 t) of silver, and 2.9 million troy ounces (90 t) of gold.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montana_Resources,_Butte,_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/220px-Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/330px-Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/440px-Montana_Resources%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>Montana Resources, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> Fourteen <a href="/wiki/Headframe" title="Headframe">headframes</a> still remain over mine shafts in Butte,<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> and the city still contains thousands of historic commercial and residential buildings from the boom times,<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> which, especially in Uptown, give it an old-fashioned appearance, with many commercial buildings not fully occupied; according to a 2016 estimate, there were "hundreds" of unoccupied buildings in Butte, resulting in an ordinance to keep record of owners.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Preservation efforts of the city's historic buildings began in the late 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> As with many industrial cities, tourism and services, especially health care<a href="#cite_note-top10-74">[74]</a> (Butte's St. James Hospital has Southwest Montana's only major trauma center), are rising as primary employers, as well as industrial-sector private companies.<a href="#cite_note-top10-74">[74]</a> Many areas of the city, especially those near the old mines, show signs of urban blight, but a recent influx of investors and an aggressive campaign to remedy blight has led to a renewed interest in restoring property in Uptown Butte's historic district,<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> which expanded in 2006 to include parts of <a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a> and is one of the largest <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark_District" title="National Historic Landmark District">National Historic Landmark Districts</a> in the U.S., with 5,991 contributing properties.<a href="#cite_note-nrhp-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> A century after the era of intensive mining and smelting, environmental issues remain in areas around the city. <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">Arsenic</a> and heavy metals such as <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> are found in high concentrations in some spots affected by old mining, and for a period of time in the 1990s the tap water was unsafe to drink due to poor filtration and decades-old wooden supply pipes. Efforts to improve the water supply have taken place in the early 2000s, with millions of dollars invested to upgrade water lines and repair infrastructure. Environmental research and cleanup efforts have contributed to the diversification of the local economy and signs of vitality, including the introduction of a multimillion-dollar polysilicon manufacturing plant nearby in the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In the late 1990s, Butte was recognized as an <a href="/wiki/All-America_City_Award" title="All-America City Award">All-America City</a> and as one of the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Dozen Distinctive Destinations in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-enc-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Butte-Silver Bow has an area of 716.82 sq mi (1,856.55 km2), of which 716.25 sq mi (1,855.07 km2) is land and 0.57 sq mi (1.48 km2) (0.08%) is water.<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> The city is on the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalone20063–4-6">[6]</a> Every highway exiting Butte (except westbound I-90) crosses the Divide (eastbound I-90 via Homestake Pass; eastbound MT 2 via Pipestone Pass; northbound I-15 via Elk Park Pass and southbound I-15 via Deer Lodge Pass).<a href="#cite_note-82">[a]</a> The city was named for a nearby landform, Big Butte, by the early miners.<a href="#cite_note-mhs-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-names-84">[83]</a> Butte's urban landscape is notable for including mining operations set within residential areas, visible in the form of various headframes throughout the city.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Butte,_Montana33" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Butte, Montana</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Deer_Lodge,_Montana" title="Deer Lodge, Montana">Deer Lodge</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />Butte<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Bozeman,_Montana" title="Bozeman, Montana">Bozeman</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dillon,_Montana" title="Dillon, Montana">Dillon</a></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cityscapes">Cityscapes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cityscapes">edit</a>]</div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:860px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:B.E._view,_Butte,_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Butte from Big Butte, 1908"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif/lossy-page1-850px-B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="850" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif/lossy-page1-1275px-B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif/lossy-page1-1700px-B.E._view%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4021" data-file-height="710" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:B.E._view,_Butte,_Montana_LCCN2007662443.tif" title="File:B.E. view, Butte, Montana LCCN2007662443.tif"> </a></div>View of Butte from Big Butte, 1908</div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:860px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte-Panorama_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View from west side, as seen from the Montana Tech campus, 2012"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Butte-Panorama_01.jpg/850px-Butte-Panorama_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="850" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Butte-Panorama_01.jpg/1275px-Butte-Panorama_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Butte-Panorama_01.jpg/1700px-Butte-Panorama_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2795" data-file-height="821" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte-Panorama_01.jpg" title="File:Butte-Panorama 01.jpg"> </a></div>View from west side, as seen from the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Tech_of_the_University_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Montana Tech of the University of Montana">Montana Tech</a> campus, 2012</div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:860px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View from uptown Butte facing south on Idaho Street, 2017"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg/850px-Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg" decoding="async" width="850" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg/1275px-Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg/1700px-Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13888" data-file-height="3837" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_from_uptown_Butte_facing_south.jpg" title="File:Panorama from uptown Butte facing south.jpg"> </a></div>View from uptown Butte facing south on Idaho Street, 2017</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_uptown.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Butte_uptown.jpg/250px-Butte_uptown.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Butte_uptown.jpg/330px-Butte_uptown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Butte_uptown.jpg/500px-Butte_uptown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="653" /></a><figcaption>Uptown Butte, 2006</figcaption></figure> The concentration of wealth in Butte due to its mining history resulted in unique and ornate architectural features<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> among its homes and buildings, particularly in the uptown section.<a href="#cite_note-uptown-87">[86]</a> Uptown, named for its steep streets,<a href="#cite_note-scandal-88">[87]</a> is on a hillside on the northwestern edge of the town and characterized by its abundance of lavish <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian homes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne_style_architecture_in_the_United_States" title="Queen Anne style architecture in the United States">Queen Anne style</a> cottages built in the late 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-uptown-87">[86]</a> Several of Butte's "<a href="/wiki/Painted_ladies" title="Painted ladies">painted ladies</a>" homes were featured in Elizabeth Pomada's 1987 book Daughters of Painted Ladies.<a href="#cite_note-uptown-87">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> Butte-Silver Bow County has an established Urban Revitalization Agency that works to improve building façades to "enhance and promote the architectural resources of historic uptown Butte."<a href="#cite_note-uptown-87">[86]</a> In 2017, a television pilot titled Butteification aired on <a href="/wiki/HGTV" title="HGTV">HGTV</a>, which focused on a couple restoring a Victorian home in Butte.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> Butte's South district, at a lower elevation than the hillside that comprises northern Butte, has historically been home to working-class neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-south-91">[90]</a> Gold mines originally populated south Butte before it was platted for the <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Railroad" title="Union Pacific Railroad">Union Pacific Railroad</a> in 1881.<a href="#cite_note-south-91">[90]</a> The expansion of the Anaconda Company in the 1960s and 1970s eradicated some of Butte's historic neighborhoods, including the East Side, Dublin Gulch, Meaderville, and <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> The St. Mary's section, which borders uptown to the east, comprised the Dublin Gulch (an enclave for <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a> immigrants) and Corktown neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-marys-93">[92]</a> It takes its name from the eponymous <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> parish within it,<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> historically known as the "miner's church", scheduling masses around miners' shifting schedules.<a href="#cite_note-marys-93">[92]</a> Historically, the St. Mary's section of Butte had a prominent population of <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finnish</a> immigrants in addition to Irish before the mid-20th century.<a href="#cite_note-marys-93">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Butte has a cold <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climate</a> (BSk) under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Köppen Climate Classification">Köppen Climate Classification</a>. Winters are long and cold, January averaging 20.0 °F (−6.7 °C), with 30.9 nights falling below 0 °F (−18 °C) and 53.8 days failing to top freezing.<a href="#cite_note-NOAA-95">[94]</a> Summers are short, with very warm days and chilly nights: July averages 63.6 °F (17.6 °C). Like most areas in this part of North America, annual precipitation is low and largely concentrated in the spring: the wettest month since precipitation records began in 1894 was June 1913, with 8.86 inches (225 mm), while no precipitation fell in September 1904.<a href="#cite_note-NOW-96">[95]</a> The wettest calendar year was 1909, with 20.55 inches (522 mm) and the driest was 2021, with 6.49 inches (165 mm). Snowfall is somewhat limited by dryness: the most in one month being 41.5 inches (1,050 mm) in May 1927 and the greatest depth on the ground 27 inches (690 mm) on December 28 and 29, 1996.<a href="#cite_note-NOWData-97">[96]</a> The coldest month was January 1937, with a daily mean temperature of −5.5 °F (−20.8 °C), while the coldest complete winter was 1948–49, with a three-month mean of 6.69 °F (−14.06 °C), and the mildest 1925–26, which averaged 29.21 °F (−1.55 °C). July 2007 was easily the hottest month, with a mean maximum of 88.8 °F (31.6 °C), although the hottest day, reaching 100 °F (38 °C), was July 22, 1931. The coldest temperature recorded was −52 °F (−47 °C) on February 9, 1933, and December 23, 1983.<a href="#cite_note-NOWData-97">[96]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Butte, Montana (<a href="/wiki/Bert_Mooney_Airport" title="Bert Mooney Airport">Bert Mooney Airport</a>), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1894–present </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 (14) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 (16) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 (21) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83 (28) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90 (32) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100 (38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99 (37) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85 (29) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70 (21) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66 (19) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">100 (38) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.0 (8.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1 (10.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1 (15.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.2 (21.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.9 (26.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.9 (30.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.2 (33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.3 (32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.1 (30.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8 (23.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.2 (15.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.5 (8.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">93.1 (33.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1 (0.1) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.6 (1.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7 (6.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.1 (10.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.0 (16.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.0 (21.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.3 (27.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.8 (26.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.1 (20.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.3 (12.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.2 (4.6) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7 (−0.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">54.0 (12.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0 (−6.7) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2 (−5.4) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6 (−0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.7 (3.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.6 (8.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5 (13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.6 (17.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.8 (16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.8 (11.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.6 (4.8) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8 (−2.3) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0 (−7.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.1 (4.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 (−13.4) </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 (−12.3) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4 (−7.0) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4 (−3.1) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.3 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.1 (5.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.9 (7.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.9 (6.6) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5 (2.5) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8 (−2.9) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5 (−9.2) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 (−13.8) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">26.2 (−3.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−19.6 (−28.7) </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−15.7 (−26.5) </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3 (−18.5) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4 (−10.9) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5 (−5.8) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7 (−1.3) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3 (2.4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8 (1.0) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1 (−4.4) </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 (−13.3) </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.9 (−22.7) </td> <td style="background: #5050FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−18.2 (−27.9) </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−27.7 (−33.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #0000F8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−48 (−44) </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−52 (−47) </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−36 (−38) </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−16 (−27) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 (−13) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22 (−6) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28 (−2) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23 (−5) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 (−16) </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−23 (−31) </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−42 (−41) </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−52 (−47) </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−52 (−47) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.42 (11) </td> <td style="background: #EDFFED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.43 (11) </td> <td style="background: #E7FFE7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.64 (16) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.33 (34) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.02 (51) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.45 (62) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.20 (30) </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.28 (33) </td> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.07 (27) </td> <td style="background: #DFFFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.84 (21) </td> <td style="background: #E7FFE7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.60 (15) </td> <td style="background: #EDFFED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.48 (12) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.76 (323) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #0000B6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8.5 (22) </td> <td style="background: #0000C7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">7.4 (19) </td> <td style="background: #00007A; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10.1 (26) </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">6.9 (18) </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">3.7 (9.4) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.25) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 (2.8) </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">3.7 (9.4) </td> <td style="background: #0000F8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">6.6 (17) </td> <td style="background: #0000C5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8.3 (21) </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56.9 (146.15) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) </th> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #9A9AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.0 </td> <td style="background: #5050FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.7 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">107.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) </th> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">51.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA<a href="#cite_note-NOAA-95">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: National Weather Service (average snowfall/snow days 1894–2001)<a href="#cite_note-NOWData-97">[96]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>241</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>3,363</td><td></td><td>1,295.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>10,723</td><td></td><td>218.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>30,470</td><td></td><td>184.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>39,165</td><td></td><td>28.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>41,611</td><td></td><td>6.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>39,532</td><td></td><td>−5.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>37,081</td><td></td><td>−6.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>33,251</td><td></td><td>−10.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>27,877</td><td></td><td>−16.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>23,368</td><td></td><td>−16.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>37,205</td><td></td><td>59.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>33,336</td><td></td><td>−10.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>33,892</td><td></td><td>1.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>33,525</td><td></td><td>−1.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>34,494</td><td></td><td>2.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">source:<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> U.S. Decennial Census<a href="#cite_note-2010census-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> As of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>, there were 34,494 people and 14,605 households residing in Butte-Silver Bow,<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> giving a <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> of 48.2 people per square mile (18.6 people/km2). Per the US Census' 2019 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, the racial makeup of the city was 94.3% <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. census)">White</a>, 0.6% <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. census)">African American</a>, 2.3% <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. census)">Native American</a>, 0.8% <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. census)">Asian</a>, 0.0% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. census)">Pacific Islander</a>, and 1.9% from two or more races.<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> people of any race accounted for 4.6% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> Of ethnic groups in Butte, the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> make up a significant portion, with over one-quarter of the city's population claiming Irish descent, exceeding the percentage of Irish Americans in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-irish-100">[99]</a> Per capita, Butte has the highest percentage of <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish Americans</a> of any city in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-irish-100">[99]</a> Per the 2019 American Community Survey, the average household size was 2.24 persons, 6.0% of the population is under the age of 5, 20.1% under the age of 18, and 18.7% are 65 years of age or older. 49.3% of residents were female.<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> From 2015 to 2019, the median income for a household in the city was $45,797, and 17.3% of families were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-censusfacts-80">[80]</a> Some sources say that Butte had a peak population of nearly 100,000 around 1920, but no documentation corroborates this,<a href="#cite_note-munday-21">[21]</a> though it has been reasoned by local journalists based on <a href="/wiki/City_directory" title="City directory">city directory</a> data.<a href="#cite_note-103">[b]</a> The city's population sank to a minimum around 1990 and has stabilized since then; the apparent jump in the 1980 census was due to the city's consolidation with all of <a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Bow County">Silver Bow County</a> except <a href="/wiki/Walkerville,_Montana" title="Walkerville, Montana">Walkerville</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> As a mining boom town, Butte's economy was historically powered by its copious mining operations. Silver and gold were initially the primary metals mined in Butte, but the abundance of copper in the area further invigorated the local economy with the advent of electricity, which created a soaring demand for the metal.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> After <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Butte's mining economy experienced a downward trend that continued throughout the 20th century, until mining operations ceased in 1985 with the closure of the Berkeley Pit.<a href="#cite_note-deq-7">[7]</a> Over the course of its history, the city's mining operations generated over $48 billion worth of ore, making it for a time the richest city in the world.<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> Much of the city's economy since 2000 has been focused in energy companies (such as the <a href="/wiki/Renewable_Energy_Corporation" title="Renewable Energy Corporation">Renewable Energy Corporation</a> and <a href="/wiki/NorthWestern_Energy" title="NorthWestern Energy">NorthWestern Energy</a>) and healthcare.<a href="#cite_note-top10-74">[74]</a> In 2014, NorthWestern Energy constructed a $25-million facility in uptown.<a href="#cite_note-economy-105">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG/220px-Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG/330px-Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG/440px-Mansfield_Fed_Courthouse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1345" data-file-height="875" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield_Federal_Building_and_United_States_Courthouse" title="Mike Mansfield Federal Building and United States Courthouse">Mike Mansfield Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse</a> in Butte</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_government">Local government</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Local government">edit</a>]</div> In 1977, Butte consolidated with <a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow_County,_Montana" title="Silver Bow County, Montana">Silver Bow County</a>, becoming a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a>. It operates under a city-county government. The office of the mayor was eliminated. Mario Micone was the last mayor of Butte. In 1977, he became the first Chief Executive of Butte-Silver Bow County.<a href="#cite_note-facts-106">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> Politically, Butte has historically been a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> stronghold, owing to its union legacy. Likewise, Silver Bow County has historically been one of Montana's strongest Democratic bastions.<a href="#cite_note-bluest-108">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> In 1996, Haley Beaudry became the first Republican to represent Butte in the state legislature since 1950.<a href="#cite_note-bluest-108">[106]</a> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Max_Yates" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Yates">Max Yates</a> was the next Butte Republican elected to the legislature; neither Beaudry nor Yates was reelected.<a href="#cite_note-bluest-108">[106]</a> In 2014, Butte became the third city in Montana to pass an anti-<a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a> ordinance protecting <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> residents and visitors from discrimination in employment, housing and public accommodations.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#ccccff;">Presidential elections results, 1980–<a href="#cite_note-111">[c]</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Presidential elections results<a href="#cite_note-DL-112">[109]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr bgcolor="lightgrey"> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Party (United States)">Third parties</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="2020 United States presidential election in Montana">2020</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">41.5% 7,745 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">55.7% 10,392 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">2.8% 521 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 2016">2016</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">38.8% 6,376 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">52.4% 8,619 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">8.9% 1,457 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 2012">2012</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">32.4% 5,430 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">64.8% 10,857 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">2.8% 469 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 2008">2008</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">28.3% 4,818 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">68.5% 11,676 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">3.2% 548 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 2004">2004</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">39.7% 6,381 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">57.9% 9,307 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">2.5% 396 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 2000">2000</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">37.7% 6,299 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">53.7% 8,967 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">8.6% 1,437 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 1996">1996</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">22.1% 3,909 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">63.4% 11,199 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">14.5% 2,569 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 1992">1992</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">19.2% 3,491 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">54.9% 9,960 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">25.9% 4,695 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 1988">1988</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">30.2% 5,043 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">68.5% 11,422 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">1.3% 222 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 1984">1984</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">36.9% 6,637 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">61.6% 11,095 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">1.5% 278 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election in Montana, 1980">1980</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">37.7% 7,301 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">50.2% 9,721 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">12.2% 2,355 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_American_values.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Butte_American_values.jpg/550px-Butte_American_values.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Butte_American_values.jpg/825px-Butte_American_values.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Butte_American_values.jpg/1100px-Butte_American_values.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="314" /></a><figcaption>Butte American values</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_sites_and_museums">Historical sites and museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Historical sites and museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_A._Clark_home_(Copper_King_Mansion).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg/170px-William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg/255px-William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg/340px-William_A._Clark_home_%28Copper_King_Mansion%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Copper_King_Mansion" title="Copper King Mansion">Copper King Mansion</a>, built between 1884 and 1888 for magnate <a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">William A. Clark</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg/170px-Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg/255px-Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg/340px-Montana_Folk_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>A crowd gathers for the Montana Folk Festival in 2015. "The Original" <a href="/wiki/Headframe" title="Headframe">headframe</a> is converted into a stage during the annual festival.</figcaption></figure> Butte is home to numerous museums and other educational institutions chronicling its history. In 2002, Butte was one of only 12 U.S. towns to be named a Distinctive Destination by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Historic_Preservation" title="National Trust for Historic Preservation">National Trust for Historic Preservation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-enc-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a> The Butte Silver Bow Public Library, at 226 W. Broadway, is dedicated to preserving the town's history.<a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a> The library was created in 1894 as "an antidote to the miners' proclivity for drinking, whoring, and gambling," designed to promote middle-class values and to promote an image of Butte as a cultivated city.<a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a> Additionally, the Butte-Silver Bow Public Archives stores and provides public access to documents and artifacts from Butte's past.<a href="#cite_note-117">[114]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg/250px-Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg/330px-Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg/500px-Butte_Silver_Bow_Acrhives.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>Theodore Roosevelt statement Butte was mercurial</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine,_Butte_Montana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg/200px-Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg/300px-Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg/400px-Digenite--pyrite_Leonard_Mine%2C_Butte_Montana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1774" data-file-height="1324" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Digenite" title="Digenite">Digenite</a>-pyrite specimen from the old Leonard Mine, display at MBMG Mineral Museum</figcaption></figure> Several museums and attractions are dedicated to the city's mining history, including the MBMG Mineral Museum (on the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Tech_of_The_University_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Montana Tech of The University of Montana">Montana Tech</a> campus), and the World Museum of Mining, at the Orphan Girl mine in uptown Butte, which features "Hell Roarin' Gulch", a mockup of a frontier mining town.<a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a>, a gigantic former open pit copper mine, is also open to the public for viewing.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> Other museums are dedicated to preserving cultural elements of Butte: The <a href="/wiki/Dumas_Brothel" title="Dumas Brothel">Dumas Brothel museum</a>, a former brothel, is in <a href="/wiki/Venus_Alley" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus Alley">Venus Alley</a>, Butte's former historical <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">red-light district</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> Another notable site is the Rookwood Speakeasy, a prohibition-era <a href="/wiki/Speakeasy" title="Speakeasy">speakeasy</a> that features an <a href="/wiki/Underground_city" title="Underground city">underground city</a>,<a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mai_Wah_Museum" title="Mai Wah Museum">Mai Wah Museum</a>, dedicated to preserving <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a> heritage in the Rocky Mountains.<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> The 34-room <a href="/wiki/Copper_King_Mansion" title="Copper King Mansion">Copper King Mansion</a> in uptown Butte was constructed in 1884 by <a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">William A. Clark</a>, one of the city's three <a href="/wiki/Copper_Kings" title="Copper Kings">Copper Kings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-scandal-88">[87]</a> The mansion functions as a bed-and-breakfast and local museum, and is often reported to be <a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_States" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in the United States">haunted</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a> The Art Chateau, at one time home to Clark's son, Charles, was designed in the image of a French <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau" title="Château">château</a>, and houses the Butte-Silver Bow Arts Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg/220px-Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg/330px-Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg/440px-Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies_Butte_America.jpg 2x" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Our Lady of the Rockies, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> Above Butte on the northeast edge of the city is the <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rockies" title="Our Lady of the Rockies">Our Lady of the Rockies</a> statue, a 90-foot (27 m) statue of the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a>, dedicated to women and mothers everywhere, atop the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1998222-124">[121]</a> The statue was airlifted to the site on December 17, 1985, after six years of construction.<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a> Butte is also home to the U.S. High Altitude Speed Skating Center, an outdoor speed-skating rink used as a training location for <a href="/wiki/ISU_Speed_Skating_World_Cup" title="ISU Speed Skating World Cup">World Cup</a> skaters.<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> Throughout uptown and western Butte are over ten underground mine <a href="/wiki/Headframe" title="Headframe">headframes</a> that are remnants from the town's mining industry. These include the Anselmo, the Steward, the Original, the Travona, the Belmont, the Kelly, the Mountain Con, the Lexington, the Bell/Diamond, the Granite Mountain, and the Badger. As part of a community project started around 2004, several headframes were repainted and outlined with <a href="/wiki/LED_lamp" title="LED lamp">LED</a> lights which are illuminated at night.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events_and_traditions">Events and traditions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Events and traditions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration,_Butte_Montana_(2007).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg/220px-St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg/330px-St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg/440px-St_Patrick%27s_Day_celebration%2C_Butte_Montana_%282007%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>St. Patrick's Day festival in Butte; the city is home to the largest number of <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish Americans</a> per capita of any city in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-irish-100">[99]</a></figcaption></figure> Butte's longstanding <a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholics" title="Irish Catholics">Irish Catholic</a> community (the largest per capita of any U.S. city)<a href="#cite_note-irish-100">[99]</a> has been celebrated annually on St. Patrick's Day since 1882. Each year, about 30,000 revelers<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a> converge on Butte's Uptown district to enjoy the parade led by the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Order_of_Hibernians" title="Ancient Order of Hibernians">Ancient Order of Hibernians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-irish-100">[99]</a> Also, local descendants of <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Americans" title="Finnish Americans">Finnish Americans</a> celebrate <a href="/wiki/Saint_Urho" title="Saint Urho">St. Urho's Day</a> every year on March 16.<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Evel_Knievel_Days,_Keith_Sayers_FMX,_Butte,_America_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg/220px-Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg/330px-Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg/440px-Evel_Knievel_Days%2C_Keith_Sayers_FMX%2C_Butte%2C_America_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="771" /></a><figcaption>Evel Knievel Days 2008, Keith Sayers FMX</figcaption></figure> A larger annual celebration is <a href="/wiki/Evel_Knievel" title="Evel Knievel">Evel Knievel</a> Days, held on the last weekend of July, celebrating Evel Knievel (a Butte native).<a href="#cite_note-evel-132">[129]</a> The weekend-long event, held in Uptown Butte, features various stunt performances, sporting competitions, fundraisers, and live music.<a href="#cite_note-evel-132">[129]</a> Butte is perhaps becoming most renowned for the regional Montana Folk Festival<a href="#cite_note-historyculture-3">[3]</a> held on the second weekend in July. This event began its run in Butte as the National Folk Festival from 2008 to 2010 and in 2011 made the transition to a free-of-admission music festival.<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> Also in the summer is Butte's <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Fourth of July</a> Parade and Fireworks show.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> spent the last Fourth of July before his presidency campaigning in Butte, taking in the parade with his family, and celebrating his daughter <a href="/wiki/Malia_Obama" class="mw-redirect" title="Malia Obama">Malia Obama</a>'s 10th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montana_Folk_Festival,_Butte,_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/390px-Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="390" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/585px-Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/780px-Montana_Folk_Festival%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="835" /></a><figcaption>Montana Folk Festival, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe,_Butte,_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/220px-M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/330px-M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/440px-M_%26_M_Bar_%26_Cafe%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>M & M Bar & Cafe, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> Butte's legacy of immigrants lives on in the form of various local cuisine, including the <a href="/wiki/Pasty" title="Pasty">Cornish pasty</a>, popularized by mine workers who needed something easy to eat in the mines, the <a href="/wiki/Povitica" class="mw-redirect" title="Povitica">povitica</a>—a Slavic nut bread pastry which is a holiday favorite sold in many supermarkets and bakeries in Butte<a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a>—and the boneless porkchop sandwich.<a href="#cite_note-historyculture-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> The Pekin Noodle Parlor in Uptown is the oldest family-owned, continuously operating Chinese restaurant in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_concerns">Environmental concerns</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Environmental concerns">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berkeley_Pit">Berkeley Pit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Berkeley Pit">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berkeley_Pit,_Butte,_Montana_(45167982).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg/220px-Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg/330px-Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg/440px-Berkeley_Pit%2C_Butte%2C_Montana_%2845167982%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Because its water contains high concentrations of metals such as copper and zinc, the Berkeley Pit is listed as a federal Superfund site.</figcaption></figure> After the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a> mining operation closed in 1982, pipes that pumped groundwater out of the pit were turned off, resulting in the pit slowly filling with groundwater, creating an artificial lake.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> Only two years later the pit was classified as a <a href="/wiki/Superfund" title="Superfund">Superfund</a> site and an environmental hazard site. The water in the pit is contaminated with various hard metals, such as <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">cadmium</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> It was not until the 1990s that serious efforts to clean up the Berkeley Pit began. The situation gained even more attention after as many as 342 migrating geese chose the pit lake as a resting place, resulting in their deaths.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> Steps have since been taken to prevent a recurrence, including but not limited to loudspeakers broadcasting sounds to scare off waterfowl. In November 2003, the Horseshoe Bend treatment facility went online and began treating and diverting much of the water that would have flowed into the pit.<a href="#cite_note-kc-139">[136]</a> The Berkeley Pit is both a Superfund site and tourist attraction, viewable from an observation deck.<a href="#cite_note-bp-66">[66]</a> Per a 2014 report, scientists believe the Berkeley Pit may reach the critical water level—potentially contaminating Silver Bow Creek—by 2023.<a href="#cite_note-kc-139">[136]</a> Beginning in 2019, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a> ordered the Montana Resources and Atlantic Richfield Co. to begin treating water from the pit, which is to then be discharged into Silver Bow Creek at a rate of 7,000,000 US gallons (26,000,000 L) per day.<a href="#cite_note-kc-139">[136]</a> Nikia Greene, EPA project manager for <a href="/wiki/Mine_flooding" class="mw-redirect" title="Mine flooding">mine flooding</a>, said in 2014: "The pit is a giant bathtub. There's a <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_gradient" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic gradient">hydraulic gradient</a> into the pit. We will never let the water reach the critical level."<a href="#cite_note-kc-139">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upper_Clark_Fork_River">Upper Clark Fork River</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Upper Clark Fork River">edit</a>]</div> The Upper <a href="/wiki/Clark_Fork_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clark Fork (river)">Clark Fork River</a>, with Butte at the headwaters, is America's largest Superfund site, spanning 100 miles (160 km).<a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a> This area takes in the cities of Butte, <a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Missoula,_Montana" title="Missoula, Montana">Missoula</a>. Butte's mining and smelting activity resulted in significant contamination of the Butte Hill as well as downstream and downwind areas. The <a href="/wiki/Contaminated_land" title="Contaminated land">contaminated land</a> extends along a corridor of 120 miles (190 km) that reaches to Milltown and takes in adjacent areas such as the Anaconda smelter site. Contaminated sediment flooded out from abandoned mines was the root cause of the pollution at the headwaters of the Clark Fork River.<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg/330px-Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg/495px-Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg/660px-Ripple_watershed_research_development_community_initiative.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption> Butte community science and art education</figcaption></figure> Between the upstream city of Butte and the downstream city of Missoula lies the Deer Lodge Valley. By the 1970s, local citizens and agency personnel were increasingly concerned over the toxic effects of <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a> and heavy metals on environment and human health. The Anaconda Copper Mining Corporation (ACM), which merged with the Atlantic Richfield Corporation (<a href="/wiki/ARCO" title="ARCO">ARCO</a>) in 1977, is considered one of the parties responsible for the contamination.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200015–19-142">[139]</a> Shortly thereafter, in 1983, ARCO ceased mining and smelting operations in the Butte-Anaconda area.<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a> For more than a century, the Anaconda Copper Mining company mined ore from Butte and smelted it in Butte (until <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1920) and Anaconda. During this time, the Anaconda smelter released up to 40 <a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">short tons</a> (36 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">t</a>) per day of arsenic, 1,700 short tons (1,540 t) per day of sulfur, and great quantities of lead and other heavy metals into the air.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200098,_234-144">[141]</a> In Butte, mine tailings were dumped directly into Silver Bow Creek, creating a 150 miles (240 km) plume of pollution extending down the valley to Milltown Dam on the Clark Fork River, just upstream of Missoula. Air- and waterborne pollution poisoned livestock and agricultural soils throughout the Deer Lodge Valley. Modern environmental cleanup efforts have continued into the 21st century.<a href="#cite_note-146">[d]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> Playing for the <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Baseball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioneer Baseball League">Pioneer Baseball League</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Copper_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="Butte Copper Kings">Butte Copper Kings</a> were first active from 1979 to 1985, then 1987–2000; as of 2018, the team is known as the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Junction_Rockies" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Junction Rockies">Grand Junction Rockies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-147">[143]</a> In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/3_Legends_Stadium" title="3 Legends Stadium">3 Legends Stadium</a> ballpark opened.<a href="#cite_note-148">[144]</a> Hockey teams from Butte have included the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Irish" class="mw-redirect" title="Butte Irish">Butte Irish</a> (<a href="/wiki/America_West_Hockey_League" title="America West Hockey League">America West Hockey League</a>) active from 1996 to 2002, after which they became the <a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls_Wildcats" title="Wichita Falls Wildcats">Wichita Falls Wildcats</a>;<a href="#cite_note-149">[145]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Roughriders" title="Butte Roughriders">Butte Roughriders</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Pacific_Hockey_League" title="Northern Pacific Hockey League">Northern Pacific Hockey League</a>), active from 2003 to 2011.<a href="#cite_note-150">[146]</a> The Butte Cobras, a <a href="/wiki/Western_States_Hockey_League" title="Western States Hockey League">Western States Hockey League</a> team, was active from 2014 to 2017.<a href="#cite_note-151">[147]</a> The Cobras then bought the Glacier Nationals franchise in the <a href="/wiki/North_American_3_Hockey_League" title="North American 3 Hockey League">North American 3 Hockey League</a> (NA3HL) for the 2017–18 season,<a href="#cite_note-152">[148]</a> but the team went dormant prior to playing the season.<a href="#cite_note-153">[149]</a> They eventually began playing in the NA3HL for the 2018–19 season. The <a href="/wiki/Butte_Daredevils" title="Butte Daredevils">Butte Daredevils</a> (<a href="/wiki/Continental_Basketball_Association" title="Continental Basketball Association">Continental Basketball Association</a>), active from 2006 to 2008, were named for Butte native <a href="/wiki/Evel_Knievel" title="Evel Knievel">Evel Knievel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[150]</a> University teams include the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Technological_University" title="Montana Technological University">Montana Tech</a> Orediggers, who have competed in the <a href="/wiki/Frontier_Conference" title="Frontier Conference">Frontier Conference</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a> since the league's founding in 1952. The school hosts men's and women's basketball, football, golf, and women's volleyball.<a href="#cite_note-155">[151]</a> In October 2020, Butte was awarded a team in the <a href="/wiki/Expedition_League" title="Expedition League">Expedition League</a> to begin play in May 2021.<a href="#cite_note-156">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montana_street,_Butte,_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/220px-Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/330px-Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/440px-Montana_street%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Montana street, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> The city is served by the Butte Bus system, which operates within Butte as well as to the Montana Tech campus and nearby <a href="/wiki/Walkerville,_Montana" title="Walkerville, Montana">Walkerville</a>.<a href="#cite_note-157">[153]</a> Intercity bus service is provided by <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lines" title="Jefferson Lines">Jefferson Lines</a> and Salt Lake Express.<a href="#cite_note-158">[154]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bert_Mooney_Airport" title="Bert Mooney Airport">Bert Mooney Airport</a> has commercial flights on <a href="/wiki/Delta_Connection" title="Delta Connection">Delta Connection</a> Airlines. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Homestake_pass,_Butte,_America.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Homestake_pass%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg/250px-Homestake_pass%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Homestake_pass%2C_Butte%2C_America.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>Homestake pass, Butte, America</figcaption></figure> Butte can be accessed via <a href="/wiki/Interstate_15" title="Interstate 15">Interstate 15</a> from north–south, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_90" title="Interstate 90">Interstate 90</a> from east–west; the two intersect in Butte, making Butte and Billings the only cities in Montana situated at a juncture of two interstate highways. The city can also be accessed from the south via <a href="/wiki/Montana_Highway_2" title="Montana Highway 2">Montana Highway 2</a> (Old U.S. Route 10).<a href="#cite_note-159">[155]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butte,_America_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Butte%2C_America_train.jpg/250px-Butte%2C_America_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Butte%2C_America_train.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="163" /></a><figcaption>Butte, America train</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Railroad" title="Union Pacific Railroad">Union Pacific Railroad</a> until 1971 ran the <a href="/wiki/Butte_Special" title="Butte Special">Butte Special</a> from Butte, south to <a href="/wiki/Idaho_Falls" class="mw-redirect" title="Idaho Falls">Idaho Falls</a>, then to <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>. Until 1979 Butte was served by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Coast_Hiawatha" title="North Coast Hiawatha">North Coast Hiawatha</a> train. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MontanaTecGate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/MontanaTecGate.jpg/220px-MontanaTecGate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/MontanaTecGate.jpg/330px-MontanaTecGate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/MontanaTecGate.jpg/440px-MontanaTecGate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Entrance of Montana Tech. A statue of <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Daly" title="Marcus Daly">Marcus Daly</a> by <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Saint-Gaudens" title="Augustus Saint-Gaudens">Augustus Saint-Gaudens</a> sits at the entrance.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte_Public_Schools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Butte Public Schools (page does not exist)">Butte Public Schools</a> has two components: Butte Elementary School District and Butte High School District.<a href="#cite_note-160">[156]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitehall_Public_Schools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Whitehall Public Schools (page does not exist)">Whitehall Public Schools</a> has two components: Whitehall Elementary School District and Whitehall High School District.<a href="#cite_note-161">[157]</a> The consolidated city-county is covered by multiple school districts. High school districts include Butte High School District and Whitehall High School District. There are five elementary school districts: Butte Elementary School District, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Divide_Elementary_School_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divide Elementary School District (page does not exist)">Divide Elementary School District</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melrose_Elementary_School_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melrose Elementary School District (page does not exist)">Melrose Elementary School District</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramsay_Elementary_School_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramsay Elementary School District (page does not exist)">Ramsay Elementary School District</a>, and Whitehall Elementary School District.<a href="#cite_note-162">[158]</a> <a href="/wiki/Butte_High_School_(Butte,_Montana)" title="Butte High School (Butte, Montana)">Butte High School</a> enrolls around 1,300 students.<a href="#cite_note-163">[159]</a> In correspondence with the Butte Public Schools system, the Butte Education Foundation was established in 2006, which aims to revitalize the public schools in an effort to attract new businesses and residents.<a href="#cite_note-edfound-164">[160]</a> In the foundation's mission statement, it is noted that there is a "need to demonstrate a genuine and ongoing commitment to public education. Schools are often the first thing visitors ask about when looking at Butte as a potential new home."<a href="#cite_note-edfound-164">[160]</a> There are several private schools in Butte: The <a href="/wiki/Butte_Central_Catholic_High_School" title="Butte Central Catholic High School">Butte Central Catholic High School</a> operates under the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Helena" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena">Diocese of Helena</a>,<a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> which also operates Butte Central Elementary, a Catholic <a href="/wiki/Elementary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary school">elementary school</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a> Other private elementary schools include the Silver Bow <a href="/wiki/Montessori_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Montessori school">Montessori School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> The first institute of higher education in Butte was the Montana School of Mines, which was established in 1889, the year of Montana's statehood.<a href="#cite_note-catalog-168">[164]</a> The university changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Montana_Technological_University" title="Montana Technological University">Montana Tech</a> in the mid-20th century, and in 1994 became affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Montana" title="University of Montana">University of Montana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ustech-169">[165]</a> The university specializes in engineering as well as <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geologic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogeology" title="Hydrogeology">hydrogeologic</a> research.<a href="#cite_note-catalog-168">[164]</a> It was ranked no. 4 by <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> in 2017 for "Best Regional Colleges in the West."<a href="#cite_note-ustech-169">[165]</a> Montana Tech of the University of Montana officially changed its name to Montana Technological University in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-170">[166]</a> Montana Technological University is also home to Highlands College, a two-year college that grants associate's and trade degrees.<a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio_and_television">Radio and television</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Radio and television">edit</a>]</div> Major <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a> stations in Butte are <a href="/wiki/KBOW" title="KBOW">KBOW</a> AM 550 (country) and <a href="/wiki/KXTL" title="KXTL">KXTL</a> 1370 (oldies and <a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">talk radio</a>).<a href="#cite_note-radio-172">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a> stations include KFGL 88.1 (Christian), <a href="/wiki/KAPC" class="mw-redirect" title="KAPC">KAPC</a> 91.3 <a href="/wiki/Montana_Public_Radio" title="Montana Public Radio">Montana Public Radio</a> (via the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Montana" title="University of Montana">University of Montana</a>); <a href="/wiki/KAAR" title="KAAR">KAAR</a> 92.5 (country); <a href="/wiki/KOPR" title="KOPR">KOPR</a> 94.1 (classic rock), <a href="/wiki/KMBR" title="KMBR">KMBR</a> 95.5 (mainstream rock), <a href="/wiki/KQRV" title="KQRV">KQRV</a> 96.9 (country), <a href="/wiki/KGLM" class="mw-redirect" title="KGLM">KGLM</a> 97.7 (contemporary), <a href="/wiki/KMSM-FM" title="KMSM-FM">KMSM-FM</a> 103.9 (<a href="/wiki/Variety_(US_radio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Variety (US radio)">variety</a>), and KBMF 102.5 <a href="/wiki/Community_radio" title="Community radio">community radio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical</a>; via <a href="/wiki/Montana_State_University" title="Montana State University">Montana State University</a>).<a href="#cite_note-radio-172">[168]</a> Butte shares its <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen</a> market with nearby <a href="/wiki/Bozeman,_Montana" title="Bozeman, Montana">Bozeman</a>, with which it forms the 194th largest TV market in the United States. Local television stations include: <a href="/wiki/KXLF" class="mw-redirect" title="KXLF">KXLF</a> (Channel 4), a <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>/<a href="/wiki/The_CW_Television_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="The CW Television Network">CW</a> affiliate, and the oldest broadcast television station in the state of Montana; <a href="/wiki/KTVM" class="mw-redirect" title="KTVM">KTVM</a> (Channel 6), an <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> affiliate with additional programming from nearby <a href="/wiki/KECI-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KECI-TV">KECI-TV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Missoula,_Montana" title="Missoula, Montana">Missoula</a>; <a href="/wiki/KUSM" class="mw-redirect" title="KUSM">KUSM</a> (Channel 9), a <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a> affiliate broadcasting out of <a href="/wiki/Montana_State_University" title="Montana State University">Montana State University</a> in Bozeman; and <a href="/wiki/KWYB" title="KWYB">KWYB</a> (Channel 19), an <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">FOX</a> affiliate and last of the "Big Three" networks to come into the market (1992). Prior to this Butte's ABC feeds came from <a href="/wiki/KUSA-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KUSA-TV">KUSA-TV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Denver,_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver, Colorado">Denver, Colorado</a> and FOX from now-defunct Butte station <a href="/wiki/KBTZ" title="KBTZ">KBTZ</a>.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Newspapers">edit</a>]</div> Butte has one local daily, a weekly paper, as well as several papers from around the state. <a href="/wiki/The_Montana_Standard" title="The Montana Standard">The Montana Standard</a> is Butte's daily paper. It was founded in 1928 and is the result of The Butte Miner and the <a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a> Standard merging into one daily paper.<a href="#cite_note-loc-174">[170]</a> The Standard is owned by <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>. The Butte Weekly is another local paper.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_television">Film and television</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Film and television">edit</a>]</div> Butte has appeared in numerous films. The first film to notably feature Butte was <a href="/wiki/Evel_Knievel_(1971_film)" title="Evel Knievel (1971 film)">Evel Knievel</a> (1971), a <a href="/wiki/Biopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Biopic">biopic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Evel_Knievel" title="Evel Knievel">Evel Knievel</a>, a Butte native.<a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a> The 1976 thriller <a href="/wiki/The_Killer_Inside_Me_(1976_film)" title="The Killer Inside Me (1976 film)">The Killer Inside Me</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Stacy_Keach" title="Stacy Keach">Stacy Keach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Tyrrell" title="Susan Tyrrell">Susan Tyrrell</a> and set in small-town Montana, was partially shot in Butte in September 1974.<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> The city was featured in <a href="/wiki/Runaway_Train_(film)" title="Runaway Train (film)">Runaway Train</a> (1985), shot in part on the <a href="/wiki/Butte,_Anaconda_and_Pacific_Railway" title="Butte, Anaconda and Pacific Railway">Butte, Anaconda and Pacific Railway</a>,<a href="#cite_note-178">[174]</a> and in the miniseries <a href="/wiki/Return_to_Lonesome_Dove" title="Return to Lonesome Dove">Return to Lonesome Dove</a> (1993).<a href="#cite_note-179">[175]</a> Other films shot in Butte include <a href="/wiki/F.T.W._(film)" title="F.T.W. (film)">F.T.W.</a> (1994).<a href="#cite_note-180">[176]</a> The animated film <a href="/wiki/Beavis_and_Butt-head_Do_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Beavis and Butt-head Do America">Beavis and Butt-head Do America</a> (1996) depicts Butte.<a href="#cite_note-181">[177]</a> In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> film <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Come_Knocking" title="Don't Come Knocking">Don't Come Knocking</a> was set and shot in Butte.<a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a> In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/SyFy" class="mw-redirect" title="SyFy">SyFy</a>-produced horror film <a href="/wiki/Dead_7" title="Dead 7">Dead 7</a>, which starred <a href="/wiki/Nick_Carter" title="Nick Carter">Nick Carter</a> and <a href="/wiki/AJ_McLean" title="AJ McLean">AJ McLean</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Backstreet_Boys" title="Backstreet Boys">Backstreet Boys</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Joey_Fatone" title="Joey Fatone">Joey Fatone</a> of <a href="/wiki/NSYNC" title="NSYNC">NSYNC</a>, was shot at the city's Anselmo Mine yards.<a href="#cite_note-183">[179]</a> The 2019 film <a href="/wiki/Juanita_(2019_film)" title="Juanita (2019 film)">Juanita</a> is set in Butte.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The city has been subject of several documentary films, including Die Vergessene Stadt: Butte, Montana (1992), a German documentary by Thomas Schadt,<a href="#cite_note-184">[180]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butte,_America" title="Butte, America">Butte, America</a> (2008), narrated by <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Byrne" title="Gabriel Byrne">Gabriel Byrne</a>.<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary_depictions">Literary depictions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Literary depictions">edit</a>]</div> One of the earliest literary depictions of Butte was by <a href="/wiki/Mary_MacLane" title="Mary MacLane">Mary MacLane</a>, a diarist who wrote of her life growing up in the town at the turn of the 20th century. Her diaries are published under the title I Await the Devil's Coming, and have been credited as a progenitor of <a href="/wiki/Confessional_writing" title="Confessional writing">confessional writing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[182]</a> Butte answers to the unflattering description of the fictional city of Poisonville in <a href="/wiki/Dashiell_Hammett" title="Dashiell Hammett">Dashiell Hammett</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/Red_Harvest" title="Red Harvest">Red Harvest</a>, which also alludes to the 1920 <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Road_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaconda Road Massacre">Anaconda Road Massacre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> The 1980 novel The Butte Polka by <a href="/wiki/Donald_McCaig" title="Donald McCaig">Donald McCaig</a> also incorporates the city's mining history into its plot, featuring a character who goes missing from his post at a Butte copper mine.<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> More contemporary literary depictions of Butte can be found in 1998's Buster Midnight's Cafe by Sandra Dallas<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> and Jon A. Jackson's <a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">historical fiction</a> novel Go By Go, which depicts the 1917 <a href="/wiki/Speculator_Mine_disaster" title="Speculator Mine disaster">Speculator Mine disaster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Doig" title="Ivan Doig">Ivan Doig</a>'s 2010 novel Work Song and 2013 novel Sweet Thunder are set in Butte in 1919 and 1920 respectively, after World War I.<a href="#cite_note-191">[187]</a> Michael Corrigan's Confessions of a Shanty Irishman has a chapter-story set in Butte during the Speculator mining disaster and riots.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Irish writer, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Barry" title="Kevin Barry">Kevin Barry</a>'s 2024 novel, The Heart in Winter draws on the history of late 19th century Butte, providing vivid depictions of the city's wild west atmosphere and characters, with particular attention to the Irish immigrants who lived there. Novelist Marian Jensen has published a <a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">mystery series</a>, Mining City Mysteries, which is set in Butte and the surrounding region.<a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Butte,_Montana" title="List of people from Butte, Montana">List of people from Butte, Montana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altensteig" title="Altensteig">Altensteig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>, Germany (since 1991)<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Silesian Voivodeship">Silesian Voivodeship</a>, Poland (since 2001)<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/32px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/48px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/64px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Montana" title="Portal:Montana">Montana portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Montana" title="List of municipalities in Montana">List of municipalities in Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper_Mine_(Montana)" title="Anaconda Copper Mine (Montana)">Anaconda Copper Mine (Montana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language_outside_Ireland" title="Irish language outside Ireland">Irish language outside Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Montana" title="Melrose, Montana">Melrose, Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocker,_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocker, Montana">Rocker, Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow,_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Bow, Montana">Silver Bow, Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Butte,_Montana)" title="St. John's Episcopal Church (Butte, Montana)">St. John's Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Superfund_sites_in_Montana" title="List of Superfund sites in Montana">List of Superfund sites in Montana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> Refer to map of Butte via <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> While the U.S. Census data shows a population of around 60,000 in 1920, a <a href="/wiki/City_directory" title="City directory">city directory</a> from 1917 notes Butte's population as being 91,000, while the 1918 directory estimates 93,000. The variance between 1918 and the 1920 census is reflected in the city directories, which fall to 60,000 after 1920.<a href="#cite_note-gibson-101">[100]</a> The variance in population reports has been attributed to the city's near-constant fluctuation of visitors, immigrants, and temporary boarders during this time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEverett20073-102">[101]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> Since the city and county did not consolidate until 1977, prior election results reflect the county only and not the city. </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> As of 2018, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains a database entry detailing the Silver Bow Creek/Butte area's pollution and cleanup efforts.<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TigerWebMapServer-1"><a href="#cite_ref-TigerWebMapServer_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer">"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"</a>. United States Census Bureau. 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Duncan, Butte's Socialist mayor"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180428181121/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/lewis-j-duncan-butte-s-socialist-mayor/article_77f3176c-126d-520a-aa0b-4a70d50604db.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2018. 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Retrieved October 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Butte%27s+top+10+employers&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fbutte-s-top-employers%2Farticle_aaf7400d-b706-5162-88dd-d93e22fc4df6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavis,_Francis2012" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Francis (December 1, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/restoration-option-for-uptown-butte-s-many-ghost-signs/article_b49e08ba-3c38-11e2-bf43-001a4bcf887a.html">"Restoration option for Uptown Butte's many ghost signs"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.co.silverbow.mt.us/505/Historic-Preservation">the original</a> on December 19, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+City+and+County+of+Butte-Silver+Bow%2C+Montana&rft.atitle=Historic+Preservation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.co.silverbow.mt.us%2F505%2FHistoric-Preservation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/nhl/find/statelists/mt/ButteAnacondaHD.pdf">"Butte-Anaconda Historic District: National Register of Historic Places Registration Form"</a> (PDF). United States National Park Service. 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February 11, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180428094132/http://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/japanese-to-sell-butte-asimi-plant/article_bc9ea0b9-20eb-58c5-85e6-c5806adedea8.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Billings+Gazette&rft.atitle=Japanese+to+sell+Butte+ASiMI+plant&rft.date=2005-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbillingsgazette.com%2Fnews%2Fstate-and-regional%2Fmontana%2Fjapanese-to-sell-butte-asimi-plant%2Farticle_bc9ea0b9-20eb-58c5-85e6-c5806adedea8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-enc-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-enc_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-enc_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.northamptonma.gov/WebLink/0/edoc/487297/Dozen%20Distinctive%20Destinations%20-%20National%20Trust%20for%20Historic%20Preservation.pdf">"Dozen Distinctive Destinations"</a> (PDF). City of <a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton, Massachusetts</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029192106/http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://archive.northamptonma.gov/WebLink/0/edoc/487297/Dozen%2520Distinctive%2520Destinations%2520-%2520National%2520Trust%2520for%2520Historic%2520Preservation.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Northampton%2C+Massachusetts&rft.atitle=Dozen+Distinctive+Destinations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.northamptonma.gov%2FWebLink%2F0%2Fedoc%2F487297%2FDozen%2520Distinctive%2520Destinations%2520-%2520National%2520Trust%2520for%2520Historic%2520Preservation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-censusfacts-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusfacts_80-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved October 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.atitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Butte,+MT/@45.9050026,-112.9178874,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x535a3f36d0ef3cd1:0xb5cd681d4d4f9799!8m2!3d46.0038232!4d-112.5347775">"Butte, Montana"</a>. Google Maps. Retrieved April 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Maps&rft.atitle=Butte%2C+Montana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fplace%2FButte%2C%2BMT%2F%4045.9050026%2C-112.9178874%2C10z%2Fdata%3D%213m1%214b1%214m5%213m4%211s0x535a3f36d0ef3cd1%3A0xb5cd681d4d4f9799%218m2%213d46.0038232%214d-112.5347775&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mhs-83"><a href="#cite_ref-mhs_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mtplacenames.org/">"Montana Place Names Companion"</a>. Montana Historical Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170622083956/http://mtplacenames.org/">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Montana+Place+Names+Companion&rft.pub=Montana+Historical+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtplacenames.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-names-84"><a href="#cite_ref-names_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarkeek_Cheney1983" class="citation book cs1">Carkeek Cheney, Roberta (1983). Names on the Face of Montana. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87842-150-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87842-150-5"><bdi>0-87842-150-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Names+on+the+Face+of+Montana&rft.place=Missoula%2C+Montana&rft.pub=Mountain+Press+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-87842-150-5&rft.aulast=Carkeek+Cheney&rft.aufirst=Roberta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewis,_Lauren2017" class="citation web cs1">Lewis, Lauren (December 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/more-than-just-history-photos-of-butte-now/collection_c104d16a-a267-5967-8582-18426a881f63.html">"More than just history: Photos of Butte now"</a>. Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232247/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/more-than-just-history-photos-of-butte-now/collection_c104d16a-a267-5967-8582-18426a881f63.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=More+than+just+history%3A+Photos+of+Butte+now&rft.date=2017-12-12&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fmore-than-just-history-photos-of-butte-now%2Fcollection_c104d16a-a267-5967-8582-18426a881f63.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nwtravelmag.com/exploring-historic-butte-montana/">"Exploring Historic Butte, Montana"</a>. Northwest Travel. May 13, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029175710/http://nwtravelmag.com/exploring-historic-butte-montana/">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Travel&rft.atitle=Exploring+Historic+Butte%2C+Montana&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnwtravelmag.com%2Fexploring-historic-butte-montana%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-uptown-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uptown_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-uptown_87-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-uptown_87-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-uptown_87-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverett,_George" class="citation web cs1">Everett, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061223125835/http://www.mainstreetbutte.org/homes.htm">"Butte's Painted Ladies: A Brief Tour of Butte's West-Side Homes"</a>. Main Street Butte. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainstreetbutte.org/homes.htm">the original</a> on December 23, 2006. Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Main+Street+Butte&rft.atitle=Butte%27s+Painted+Ladies%3A+A+Brief+Tour+of+Butte%27s+West-Side+Homes&rft.au=Everett%2C+George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainstreetbutte.org%2Fhomes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-scandal-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scandal_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-scandal_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGeranios,_Nicholas_K.2012" class="citation web cs1">Geranios, Nicholas K. (February 22, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605064933/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/46481406/ns/travel-destination_travel/t/huguette-clark-scandal-sparks-interest-copper-king-fathers-lavish-past/">"Huguette Clark scandal sparks interest in copper king father's lavish past"</a>. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnews.com/id/46481406/ns/travel-destination_travel/t/huguette-clark-scandal-sparks-interest-copper-king-fathers-lavish-past/#.WfeLqkyZPBI">the original</a> on June 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Huguette+Clark+scandal+sparks+interest+in+copper+king+father%27s+lavish+past&rft.date=2012-02-22&rft.au=Geranios%2C+Nicholas+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2F46481406%2Fns%2Ftravel-destination_travel%2Ft%2Fhuguette-clark-scandal-sparks-interest-copper-king-fathers-lavish-past%2F%23.WfeLqkyZPBI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPomada1987" class="citation book cs1">Pomada, Elizabeth (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_0525246096/page/97">Daughters of Painted Ladies: America's Resplendent Victorians</a>. Dutton. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_0525246096/page/97">97–8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-525-24609-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-525-24609-1"><bdi>978-0-525-24609-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Daughters+of+Painted+Ladies%3A+America%27s+Resplendent+Victorians&rft.pages=97-8&rft.pub=Dutton&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-525-24609-1&rft.aulast=Pomada&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_0525246096%2Fpage%2F97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://missoulian.com/news/state-and-regional/pilot-on-renovated-butte-historic-home-airs-on-hgtv-sunday/article_09f50f9e-2939-527b-a0d8-1f966828cbe4.html">"Pilot on renovated Butte historic home airs on HGTV Sunday, Wednesday"</a>. 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Montana Historical Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029180859/http://explorebig.org/items/show/39">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Explore+Big&rft.atitle=South+Butte+Neighborhood&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexplorebig.org%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141024054315/http://mtstandard.com/special-section/local/lost-neighborhoods/article_4aa17ead-c99b-51ca-bb45-038c19bc1998.html">"Lost neighborhoods"</a>. The Montana Standard. August 21, 2004. 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Montana Historical Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029181954/http://explorebig.org/items/show/42">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Explore+Big&rft.atitle=St.+Mary%27s+Neighborhood&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexplorebig.org%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThornton,_Tracy2014" class="citation web cs1">Thornton, Tracy (September 1, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/gathering-of-the-gaels/article_586f433d-a9e8-5d93-ba68-f61fb7af5bd1.html">"Gathering of the Gaels"</a>. 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Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Gathering+of+the+Gaels&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Tracy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgathering-of-the-gaels%2Farticle_586f433d-a9e8-5d93-ba68-f61fb7af5bd1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_95-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USW00024135&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL">"U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access"</a>. 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Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Celebrate+St.+Patrick%27s+Day+in+the+most+Irish+place+in+the+U.S.--and+we%27re+not+talking+about+Boston&rft.date=2017-03-12&rft.au=Pockock%2C+Joanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Ftravel%2Fla-tr-montana-irish-meagher-20170312-htmlstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> <a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a> </li> <li id="cite_note-gibson-101"><a href="#cite_ref-gibson_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGibson,_Richard_I.2016" class="citation web cs1">Gibson, Richard I. 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Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=State+of+the+economy+on+the+%27Richest+Hill+on+Earth%27&rft.date=2016-06-26&rft.au=Hinick%2C+Walter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fbusiness%2Fstate-of-the-economy-on-the-richest-hill-on-earth%2Farticle_3ea72864-3fb7-586b-bff7-f7cb09480741.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-facts-106"><a href="#cite_ref-facts_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130221627/http://co.silverbow.mt.us/377/Community-Factsheet">"Community Factsheet"</a>. The City and County of Butte-Silver Bow, Montana. 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Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+the+Rockies+timeline&rft.date=2015-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Four-lady-of-the-rockies-timeline%2Farticle_a7bd8c9e-9541-56b3-998c-ff59896930aa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGedeon,_Jacqueline2014" class="citation web cs1">Gedeon, Jacqueline (February 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029201050/http://www.nbcmontana.com/news/ktvm/former-olympic-athletes-reminisce-about-buttes-high-altitude-skating-center-world-cups_20160509194538983/9557940">"Former Olympic athletes reminisce about Butte's high-altitude skating center World Cups"</a>. NBC Montana. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcmontana.com/news/ktvm/former-olympic-athletes-reminisce-about-buttes-high-altitude-skating-center-world-cups_20160509194538983/9557940">the original</a> on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+Montana&rft.atitle=Former+Olympic+athletes+reminisce+about+Butte%27s+high-altitude+skating+center+World+Cups&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.au=Gedeon%2C+Jacqueline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcmontana.com%2Fnews%2Fktvm%2Fformer-olympic-athletes-reminisce-about-buttes-high-altitude-skating-center-world-cups_20160509194538983%2F9557940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-in-no-steel-sentinels-headframes-loom-large-as-reminders/article_551da00e-049f-11e4-b0fa-001a4bcf887a.html">"Butte in 75, No. 75: Steel sentinels: Headframes loom large as reminders, attractions"</a>. The Montana Standard. July 6, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107024833/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-in-no-steel-sentinels-headframes-loom-large-as-reminders/article_551da00e-049f-11e4-b0fa-001a4bcf887a.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Butte+in+75%2C+No.+75%3A+Steel+sentinels%3A+Headframes+loom+large+as+reminders%2C+attractions&rft.date=2014-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fbutte-in-no-steel-sentinels-headframes-loom-large-as-reminders%2Farticle_551da00e-049f-11e4-b0fa-001a4bcf887a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEmeigh,_John2017" class="citation web cs1">Emeigh, John (March 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316020824/http://www.krtv.com/story/34900092/police-prep-for-potentially-rowdy-st-patricks-day-in-butte">"Police prep for potentially rowdy St. Patrick's Day in Butte"</a>. KRTV. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krtv.com/story/34900092/police-prep-for-potentially-rowdy-st-patricks-day-in-butte">the original</a> on March 16, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KRTV&rft.atitle=Police+prep+for+potentially+rowdy+St.+Patrick%27s+Day+in+Butte&rft.date=2017-03-15&rft.au=Emeigh%2C+John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.krtv.com%2Fstory%2F34900092%2Fpolice-prep-for-potentially-rowdy-st-patricks-day-in-butte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarlstrom2015" class="citation web cs1">Carlstrom, Bert (March 6, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explore.virtualmontana.com/2015/03/butte-and-the-legend-of-saint-urho/">"Butte and the Legend of Saint Urho"</a>. Virtual Montana. Retrieved June 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Virtual+Montana&rft.atitle=Butte+and+the+Legend+of+Saint+Urho&rft.date=2015-03-06&rft.aulast=Carlstrom&rft.aufirst=Bert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplore.virtualmontana.com%2F2015%2F03%2Fbutte-and-the-legend-of-saint-urho%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHentunen2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hentunen, Mika (December 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/a/3-9960509">""Hyvää itsenäisyyspäivää Buttesta!" – Suomi elää amerikkalaisen mainarikaupungin muistoissa"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yle" title="Yle">Yle</a> (in Finnish). Retrieved June 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yle&rft.atitle=%22Hyv%C3%A4%C3%A4+itsen%C3%A4isyysp%C3%A4iv%C3%A4%C3%A4+Buttesta%21%22+%E2%80%93+Suomi+el%C3%A4%C3%A4+amerikkalaisen+mainarikaupungin+muistoissa&rft.date=2017-12-03&rft.aulast=Hentunen&rft.aufirst=Mika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fa%2F3-9960509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThompson2023" class="citation web cs1">Thompson, Meagan (March 17, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/celebrating-st-urhos-day-in-butte-america/collection_f57ce21a-c4e6-11ed-a0a3-1b058809e18a.html#1">"Celebrating St. Urho's Day in Butte, America"</a>. The Montana Standard. Retrieved June 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Celebrating+St.+Urho%27s+Day+in+Butte%2C+America&rft.date=2023-03-17&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Meagan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fcelebrating-st-urhos-day-in-butte-america%2Fcollection_f57ce21a-c4e6-11ed-a0a3-1b058809e18a.html%231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-evel-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-evel_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-evel_132-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170729013816/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/friday-evening-and-saturday-s-schedule-for-evel-knievel-days/article_0181cefc-bcfd-537c-9230-07051c4e30c2.html">"Friday evening, and Saturday's schedule for Evel Knievel Days 2017"</a>. The Montana Standard. July 28, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/friday-evening-and-saturday-s-schedule-for-evel-knievel-days/article_0181cefc-bcfd-537c-9230-07051c4e30c2.html">the original</a> on July 29, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Friday+evening%2C+and+Saturday%27s+schedule+for+Evel+Knievel+Days+2017&rft.date=2017-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Ffriday-evening-and-saturday-s-schedule-for-evel-knievel-days%2Farticle_0181cefc-bcfd-537c-9230-07051c4e30c2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171023215100/http://montanafolkfestival.com/pages/more/about.php">"About"</a>. Montana Folk Festival. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://montanafolkfestival.com/pages/more/about.php">the original</a> on October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Montana+Folk+Festival&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmontanafolkfestival.com%2Fpages%2Fmore%2Fabout.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDuganz,_Pat2006" class="citation web cs1">Duganz, Pat (July 4, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/shell-shocked/article_e44cffc8-f181-51fe-ad6a-82ebe7a2b8ca.html">"Shell shocked"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180502140324/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/shell-shocked/article_e44cffc8-f181-51fe-ad6a-82ebe7a2b8ca.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Shell+shocked&rft.date=2006-07-04&rft.au=Duganz%2C+Pat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fshell-shocked%2Farticle_e44cffc8-f181-51fe-ad6a-82ebe7a2b8ca.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLoven2008" class="citation news cs1">Loven, Jennifer (July 5, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081208232357/https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2008-07-05-2937395846_x.htm">"Play of the Day: Malia Obama's best birthday"</a>. USA Today. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2008-07-05-2937395846_x.htm">the original</a> on December 8, 2008. Retrieved March 20, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Play+of+the+Day%3A+Malia+Obama%27s+best+birthday&rft.date=2008-07-05&rft.aulast=Loven&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2008-07-05-2937395846_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSilve,_Maryanne_Davis2006" class="citation web cs1">Silve, Maryanne Davis (December 19, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/special-section/local/making-povitica/article_e6350acf-9f08-577b-81f5-fa060ece6dee.html">"Making povitica"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107003751/http://mtstandard.com/special-section/local/making-povitica/article_e6350acf-9f08-577b-81f5-fa060ece6dee.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Making+povitica&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft.au=Silve%2C+Maryanne+Davis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fspecial-section%2Flocal%2Fmaking-povitica%2Farticle_e6350acf-9f08-577b-81f5-fa060ece6dee.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDunlap,_Susan2016" class="citation web cs1">Dunlap, Susan (February 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-s-pork-chop-john-dies-at/article_fc64ac53-6682-5978-925c-d29b925dcb1f.html">"Butte's 'Pork Chop John' dies at 82"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107023928/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-s-pork-chop-john-dies-at/article_fc64ac53-6682-5978-925c-d29b925dcb1f.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Butte%27s+%27Pork+Chop+John%27+dies+at+82&rft.date=2016-02-23&rft.au=Dunlap%2C+Susan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fbutte-s-pork-chop-john-dies-at%2Farticle_fc64ac53-6682-5978-925c-d29b925dcb1f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrett_Anderson2021" class="citation news cs1">Brett Anderson (August 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/03/dining/pekin-noodle-parlor-butte-montana.html">"With Chop Suey and Loyal Fans, a Montana Kitchen Keeps the Flame Burning"</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=With+Chop+Suey+and+Loyal+Fans%2C+a+Montana+Kitchen+Keeps+the+Flame+Burning&rft.date=2021-08-03&rft.au=Brett+Anderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F08%2F03%2Fdining%2Fpekin-noodle-parlor-butte-montana.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kc-139">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kc_139-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kc_139-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kc_139-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kc_139-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChristensen,_Kelly2014" class="citation web cs1">Christensen, Kelly (November 9, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/some-worry-treatment-plant-won-t-keep-berkeley-pit-water/article_527666b3-a031-5c09-9b25-8a489e86eb04.html">"Some worry treatment plant won't keep Berkeley Pit water in check"</a>. Billings Gazette. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171029121227/http://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/some-worry-treatment-plant-won-t-keep-berkeley-pit-water/article_527666b3-a031-5c09-9b25-8a489e86eb04.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billings+Gazette&rft.atitle=Some+worry+treatment+plant+won%27t+keep+Berkeley+Pit+water+in+check&rft.date=2014-11-09&rft.au=Christensen%2C+Kelly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbillingsgazette.com%2Fnews%2Fstate-and-regional%2Fmontana%2Fsome-worry-treatment-plant-won-t-keep-berkeley-pit-water%2Farticle_527666b3-a031-5c09-9b25-8a489e86eb04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFischer,_Kit2015" class="citation book cs1">Fischer, Kit (2015). Paddling Montana: A Guide to the State's Best Rivers (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 42–3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-493-01493-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-493-01493-4"><bdi>978-1-493-01493-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paddling+Montana%3A+A+Guide+to+the+State%27s+Best+Rivers&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E42-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-493-01493-4&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Kit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcQuillan,_Kindra2015" class="citation web cs1">McQuillan, Kindra (July 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/contaminants-montanas-clark-fork-river-superfund-river-cleanup-mercury-pollution-mines">"Old mines still plague Montana's Clark Fork"</a>. High Country News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180423165957/https://www.hcn.org/articles/contaminants-montanas-clark-fork-river-superfund-river-cleanup-mercury-pollution-mines">Archived</a> from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=High+Country+News&rft.atitle=Old+mines+still+plague+Montana%27s+Clark+Fork&rft.date=2015-07-10&rft.au=McQuillan%2C+Kindra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcn.org%2Farticles%2Fcontaminants-montanas-clark-fork-river-superfund-river-cleanup-mercury-pollution-mines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200015–19-142"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200015–19_142-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacMillan2000">MacMillan 2000</a>, pp. 15–19. </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGhassemi,_Abbas2001" class="citation book cs1">Ghassemi, Abbas, ed. (2001). Handbook of Pollution Control and Waste Minimization. CRC Press. pp. 456–7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-90793-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-90793-1"><bdi>978-0-203-90793-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Pollution+Control+and+Waste+Minimization&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E456-%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-203-90793-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200098,_234-144"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacMillan200098,_234_144-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacMillan2000">MacMillan 2000</a>, pp. 98, 234. </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0800416">"Superfund Site: Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area"</a>. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190110124825/https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0800416">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2019. 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Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billings+Gazette&rft.atitle=When%2C+in+%22Beavis+and+Butthead+Do+America%2C%22+Beavis+and+Butthead+travel+through+Butte+and+call+it+%22Butt%22&rft.date=2015-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbillingsgazette.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fwhen-in-beavis-and-butthead-do-america-beavis-and-butthead%2Fyoutube_1a82b8ae-414b-5662-9f1d-33956a4c724f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/former-butte-girls-in-l-a-review-don-t-come/article_b35bb595-e603-5199-a0e9-0e535b11991c.html">"Former Butte girls in L.A. review 'Don't Come Knocking'"</a>. The Montana Standard. March 24, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920212901/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/former-butte-girls-in-l-a-review-don-t-come/article_b35bb595-e603-5199-a0e9-0e535b11991c.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2015. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Former+Butte+girls+in+L.A.+review+%27Don%27t+Come+Knocking%27&rft.date=2006-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fformer-butte-girls-in-l-a-review-don-t-come%2Farticle_b35bb595-e603-5199-a0e9-0e535b11991c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHinick,_Walter2015" class="citation web cs1">Hinick, Walter (August 22, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/dead-on-location/image_1fc08ccb-919c-5ae6-923e-3173df2703e1.html">"'Dead 7' on location"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150829163610/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/dead-on-location/image_1fc08ccb-919c-5ae6-923e-3173df2703e1.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2015. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=%27Dead+7%27+on+location&rft.date=2015-08-22&rft.au=Hinick%2C+Walter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdead-on-location%2Fimage_1fc08ccb-919c-5ae6-923e-3173df2703e1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420044354/http://www.bigskyfilmfest.org/archives/archived_films-2015/die_vergessene_stadt_butte_montana/2014">"Die Vergessene Stadt: Butte, Montana"</a>. Big Sky Documentary Film Festival. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigskyfilmfest.org/archives/archived_films-2015/die_vergessene_stadt_butte_montana/2014">the original</a> on April 20, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Big+Sky+Documentary+Film+Festival&rft.atitle=Die+Vergessene+Stadt%3A+Butte%2C+Montana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigskyfilmfest.org%2Farchives%2Farchived_films-2015%2Fdie_vergessene_stadt_butte_montana%2F2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223222945/http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/butte-america//">"Butte, America"</a>. PBS. Independent Lens. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/butte-america/">the original</a> on December 23, 2010. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=Butte%2C+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Findependentlens%2Fbutte-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReese,_Hope2013" class="citation web cs1">Reese, Hope (March 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/03/the-forgotten-story-of-mary-maclane-1902s-racy-angsty-teenage-diarist/274149/">"The Forgotten Story of Mary MacLane, 1902's Racy, Angsty Teenage Diarist"</a>. The Atlantic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107011433/https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/03/the-forgotten-story-of-mary-maclane-1902s-racy-angsty-teenage-diarist/274149/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=The+Forgotten+Story+of+Mary+MacLane%2C+1902%27s+Racy%2C+Angsty+Teenage+Diarist&rft.date=2013-03-19&rft.au=Reese%2C+Hope&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fsexes%2Farchive%2F2013%2F03%2Fthe-forgotten-story-of-mary-maclane-1902s-racy-angsty-teenage-diarist%2F274149%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrowley,_Jack2008" class="citation journal cs1">Crowley, Jack (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160501123915/http://mtprof.msun.edu/spr2008/crowl.html">"Red Harvest and Dashiell Hammett's Butte"</a>. The Montana Professor. 18 (2). Montana Tech at the University of Montana. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mtprof.msun.edu/Spr2008/crowl.html">the original</a> on May 1, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Professor&rft.atitle=Red+Harvest+and+Dashiell+Hammett%27s+Butte&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Crowley%2C+Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtprof.msun.edu%2FSpr2008%2Fcrowl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/donald-mccaig-2/the-butte-polka/">"The Butte Polka by Donald McCaig"</a>. Kirkus Reviews. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107040312/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/donald-mccaig-2/the-butte-polka/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kirkus+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+Butte+Polka+by+Donald+McCaig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirkusreviews.com%2Fbook-reviews%2Fdonald-mccaig-2%2Fthe-butte-polka%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHodgman,_George1990" class="citation magazine cs1">Hodgman, George (May 4, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ew.com/article/1990/05/04/buster-midnights-cafe/">"Buster Midnight's Cafe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107013250/http://ew.com/article/1990/05/04/buster-midnights-cafe/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Buster+Midnight%27s+Cafe&rft.date=1990-05-04&rft.au=Hodgman%2C+George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1990%2F05%2F04%2Fbuster-midnights-cafe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson,_Jon_A.1998" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Jon A. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dKLJuPip4OMC">Go by Go</a>. Dennis McMillan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-939-76731-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-939-76731-1"><bdi>978-0-939-76731-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Go+by+Go&rft.pub=Dennis+McMillan+Publications&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-939-76731-1&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Jon+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdKLJuPip4OMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRutten,_Tim2010" class="citation web cs1">Rutten, Tim (July 15, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-jul-15-la-et-rutten-20100714-story.html">"Book review: 'Work Song' by Ivan Doig"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160529095004/http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/15/entertainment/la-et-rutten-20100714">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Book+review%3A+%27Work+Song%27+by+Ivan+Doig&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft.au=Rutten%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2010-jul-15-la-et-rutten-20100714-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> <a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211122110638/https://www.buttenews.net/index.php/daily-police-report/11-latest-news/4355-marian-jensen-a-local-author-tells-her-tale">"Marian Jensen: A local author tells her tale"</a>. Butte News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buttenews.net/index.php/daily-police-report/11-latest-news/4355-marian-jensen-a-local-author-tells-her-tale">the original</a> on November 22, 2021. Retrieved November 22, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Butte+News&rft.atitle=Marian+Jensen%3A+A+local+author+tells+her+tale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buttenews.net%2Findex.php%2Fdaily-police-report%2F11-latest-news%2F4355-marian-jensen-a-local-author-tells-her-tale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGevock,_Nick2010" class="citation web cs1">Gevock, Nick (November 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/a-cultural-experience-german-students-attend-butte-high-in-exchange/article_ab3bc0a6-e54a-11df-9b53-001cc4c002e0.html">"A cultural experience: German students attend Butte High in exchange program"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029183708/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/a-cultural-experience-german-students-attend-butte-high-in-exchange/article_ab3bc0a6-e54a-11df-9b53-001cc4c002e0.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=A+cultural+experience%3A+German+students+attend+Butte+High+in+exchange+program&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.au=Gevock%2C+Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fa-cultural-experience-german-students-attend-butte-high-in-exchange%2Farticle_ab3bc0a6-e54a-11df-9b53-001cc4c002e0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStauffer,_Roberta_Forsell2001" class="citation web cs1">Stauffer, Roberta Forsell (May 18, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-officials-off-to-poland-to-meet-sister-city/article_01c3a601-14e0-5189-901f-8ffdd37846eb.html">"Butte officials off to Poland to meet sister city"</a>. The Montana Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171029184155/http://mtstandard.com/news/local/butte-officials-off-to-poland-to-meet-sister-city/article_01c3a601-14e0-5189-901f-8ffdd37846eb.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Montana+Standard&rft.atitle=Butte+officials+off+to+Poland+to+meet+sister+city&rft.date=2001-05-18&rft.au=Stauffer%2C+Roberta+Forsell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmtstandard.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fbutte-officials-off-to-poland-to-meet-sister-city%2Farticle_01c3a601-14e0-5189-901f-8ffdd37846eb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"> (Archive link requires scroll down). </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Works cited">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCalvert1988" class="citation book cs1">Calvert, Jerry (1988). The Gibraltar: Socialism and Labor in Butte, Montana. Montana Historical Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-917-29814-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-917-29814-1"><bdi>978-0-917-29814-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gibraltar%3A+Socialism+and+Labor+in+Butte%2C+Montana&rft.pub=Montana+Historical+Society&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-917-29814-1&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarlson1984" class="citation book cs1">Carlson, Peter (1984). Roughneck: The Life and Times of Big Bill Haywood. W. W. Norton and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-30208-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-30208-0"><bdi>978-0-393-30208-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roughneck%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Big+Bill+Haywood&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+and+Company&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-393-30208-0&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEmmons1989" class="citation book cs1">Emmons, David (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/butteirishclasse0000emmo">The Butte Irish: Class and Ethnicity in an American Mining Town, 1875–1925</a>. University of Illinois Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06155-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06155-4"><bdi>978-0-252-06155-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Butte+Irish%3A+Class+and+Ethnicity+in+an+American+Mining+Town%2C+1875%E2%80%931925&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-252-06155-4&rft.aulast=Emmons&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbutteirishclasse0000emmo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverett2007" class="citation book cs1">Everett, George (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/buttetriviathemo0000ever">Butte Trivia</a>. Riverbend Publishing Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931-83285-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931-83285-4"><bdi>978-1-931-83285-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Butte+Trivia&rft.pub=Riverbend+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-931-83285-4&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbuttetriviathemo0000ever&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFinn2012" class="citation book cs1">Finn, Janet L. (2012). Mining Childhood: Growing Up in Butte, 1900-1960. Montana Historical Society Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-980-12925-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-980-12925-0"><bdi>978-0-980-12925-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mining+Childhood%3A+Growing+Up+in+Butte%2C+1900-1960&rft.pub=Montana+Historical+Society+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-980-12925-0&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Janet+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFinn1998" class="citation book cs1">Finn, Janet L. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tracingveinsofco00finn">Tracing the Veins: Of Copper, Culture, and Community from Butte to Chuquicamata</a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-92007-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-92007-1"><bdi>978-0-520-92007-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tracing+the+Veins%3A+Of+Copper%2C+Culture%2C+and+Community+from+Butte+to+Chuquicamata&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-520-92007-1&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Janet+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftracingveinsofco00finn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGammonsMeteshDuaime2006" class="citation journal cs1">Gammons, Christopher H.; Metesh, John J.; Duaime, Terence E. (2006). "An overview of the mining history and geology of Butte, Montana". Mine Water and the Environment. 25 (2): 70–5. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006MWE....25...70G">2006MWE....25...70G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10230-006-0113-7">10.1007/s10230-006-0113-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:140546065">140546065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mine+Water+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+the+mining+history+and+geology+of+Butte%2C+Montana&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E70-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A140546065%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10230-006-0113-7&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006MWE....25...70G&rft.aulast=Gammons&rft.aufirst=Christopher+H.&rft.au=Metesh%2C+John+J.&rft.au=Duaime%2C+Terence+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGlasscock1935" class="citation book cs1">Glasscock, C. B. (1935). The War of the Copper Kings: The Builders of Butte and the Wolves of Wall Street. Grosset and Dunlap.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+War+of+the+Copper+Kings%3A+The+Builders+of+Butte+and+the+Wolves+of+Wall+Street&rft.pub=Grosset+and+Dunlap&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Glasscock&rft.aufirst=C.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGordon2015" class="citation book cs1">Gordon, Meryl (2015). The Phantom of Fifth Avenue: The Mysterious Life and Scandalous Death of Heiress Huguette Clark. Grand Central Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-455-51265-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-455-51265-2"><bdi>978-1-455-51265-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Phantom+of+Fifth+Avenue%3A+The+Mysterious+Life+and+Scandalous+Death+of+Heiress+Huguette+Clark&rft.pub=Grand+Central+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-455-51265-2&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Meryl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMacGibbon1904" class="citation book cs1">MacGibbon, Elma (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sos.wa.gov/legacy/publicationsviewer/?title=Leaves%20of%20knowledge&id=63&page=7">Leaves of Knowledge</a>. Shaw & Borden Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leaves+of+Knowledge&rft.pub=Shaw+%26+Borden+Co.&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=MacGibbon&rft.aufirst=Elma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sos.wa.gov%2Flegacy%2Fpublicationsviewer%2F%3Ftitle%3DLeaves%2520of%2520knowledge%26id%3D63%26page%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMacMillan2000" class="citation book cs1">MacMillan, Donald (2000). Smoke Wars: Anaconda Copper, Montana Air Pollution, and the Courts, 1890–1924. Montana Historical Society Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-917-29865-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-917-29865-3"><bdi>978-0-917-29865-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Smoke+Wars%3A+Anaconda+Copper%2C+Montana+Air+Pollution%2C+and+the+Courts%2C+1890%E2%80%931924&rft.pub=Montana+Historical+Society+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-917-29865-3&rft.aulast=MacMillan&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMalone2006" class="citation book cs1">Malone, Michael P. (2006) [1981]. The Battle for Butte: Mining and Politics on the Northern Frontier, 1864–1906. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-80219-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-80219-0"><bdi>978-0-295-80219-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+for+Butte%3A+Mining+and+Politics+on+the+Northern+Frontier%2C+1864%E2%80%931906&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-295-80219-0&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMalone1985" class="citation journal cs1">Malone, Michael (1985). "The Close of the Copper Century". Montana: The Magazine of Western History. 35: 69–72.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Montana%3A+The+Magazine+of+Western+History&rft.atitle=The+Close+of+the+Copper+Century&rft.volume=35&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E69-%3C%2Fspan%3E72&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaloneRoederLang1991" class="citation book cs1">Malone, Michael; Roeder, Richard; Lang, William (1991). Montana: A History of Two Centuries. Seattle: University of Washington Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97129-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97129-2"><bdi>978-0-295-97129-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Montana%3A+A+History+of+Two+Centuries&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-295-97129-2&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Roeder%2C+Richard&rft.au=Lang%2C+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy1988" class="citation journal cs1">McCarthy, Bob J. (1988). "Re-Claiming Butte: The Doctrine of Subjacent Support". Montana Law Review. 267 (49).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Montana+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Re-Claiming+Butte%3A+The+Doctrine+of+Subjacent+Support&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=49&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Bob+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1997" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Mary (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/miningculturesme0000murp">Mining Cultures: Men, Women, and Leisure in Butte, 1914–41</a>. University of Illinois Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06569-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06569-9"><bdi>978-0-252-06569-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mining+Cultures%3A+Men%2C+Women%2C+and+Leisure+in+Butte%2C+1914%E2%80%9341&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-252-06569-9&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fminingculturesme0000murp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNash1993" class="citation book cs1">Nash, June (1993) [1979]. We Eat the Mines and the Mines Eat Us. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-08051-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-08051-4"><bdi>978-0-231-08051-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=We+Eat+the+Mines+and+the+Mines+Eat+Us&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-231-08051-4&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.aufirst=June&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPunke2006" class="citation book cs1">Punke, Michael (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/firebrimstonenor00punk">Fire and Brimstone: The North Butte Mining Disaster of 1917</a>. Hachette Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-401-30889-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-401-30889-6"><bdi>978-1-401-30889-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fire+and+Brimstone%3A+The+North+Butte+Mining+Disaster+of+1917&rft.pub=Hachette+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-401-30889-6&rft.aulast=Punke&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffirebrimstonenor00punk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRingWatsonSchellinger2013" class="citation book cs1">Ring, Trudy; Watson, Noelle; Schellinger, Paul, eds. (2013) [1996]. The Americas: International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-25930-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-25930-4"><bdi>978-1-134-25930-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Americas%3A+International+Dictionary+of+Historic+Places&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-134-25930-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShoversFiegeMartinQuivik1991" class="citation book cs1">Shovers, B.; Fiege, M; Martin, F.; Quivik, F (1991). Butte and Anaconda Revisited: An Overview of Early-Day Mining and Smelting in Montana. Butte Historical Society; Klepetko Chapter, Society for Industrial Archeology.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Butte+and+Anaconda+Revisited%3A+An+Overview+of+Early-Day+Mining+and+Smelting+in+Montana&rft.pub=Butte+Historical+Society%3B+Klepetko+Chapter%2C+Society+for+Industrial+Archeology&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Shovers&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.au=Fiege%2C+M&rft.au=Martin%2C+F.&rft.au=Quivik%2C+F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith2008" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Duane (2008). Rocky Mountain Heartland: Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming in the Twentieth Century. University of Arizona Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-816-52759-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-816-52759-5"><bdi>978-0-816-52759-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rocky+Mountain+Heartland%3A+Colorado%2C+Montana%2C+and+Wyoming+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-816-52759-5&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Duane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWyckoff1995" class="citation journal cs1">Wyckoff, William (1995). "Postindustrial Butte". The Geographical Review. 85 (4): 478–97. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995GeoRv..85..478W">1995GeoRv..85..478W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F215921">10.2307/215921</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/215921">215921</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Geographical+Review&rft.atitle=Postindustrial+Butte&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E478-%3C%2Fspan%3E97&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F215921%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F215921&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1995GeoRv..85..478W&rft.aulast=Wyckoff&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pollution_and_toxic_cleanup">Pollution and toxic cleanup</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Pollution and toxic cleanup">edit</a>]</div> Bibliographic materials <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Barnett, Harold C. Toxic Debts and the Superfund Dilemma (University of North Carolina Press, 1994)</li> <li>Barry, Bridget R. "Toxic Tourism: Promoting the Berkeley Pit and Industrial Heritage in Butte, Montana." (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1050&context=historydiss">online</a></li> <li>Bookspan, Shelley. "Junk It, or Junket?" Public Historian (2001) 23#2 pp. 5–8 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/tph.2001.23.2.5">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Capek, Stella M. 1992. Environmental Justice, Regulation, and the Local Community." International Journal of Health Services 22(4):729–746.</li> <li>Chess, C. and Purcell, K. 1999. Public participation and the environment: Do we know what works? Environmental Science and Technology 33(16): 2685–2692.</li> <li>Church, Thomas W. and Robert T. Nakamura. 1993. Cleaning up the Mess: Implementation Strategies in Superfund (Washington: The Brookings Institution).</li> <li>Covello VT and Mumpower J. 1985 "Risk Analysis and Risk Management: A Historical Perspective", Risk Analysis 5(2): 103–120.</li> <li>Dobb, Edwin. 1999. "Mining the Past." <a href="/wiki/High_Country_News" title="High Country News">High Country News</a> 31 (11): 1–10.</li> <li>Dobb, Edwin. 1996. "Pennies from Hell: In Montana, the Bill for America's Copper Comes Due." Harper's Magazine (293): 39–54.</li> <li>Langewiesche, William. 2001. "The Profits of Doom—One of the Most Polluted Cities in America Learns to Capitalize on Its Contamination" The Atlantic Monthly (April 2001): 56–62.</li> <li>Levine, Mark. 1996. "As the Snake Did Away with the Geese." Outside Magazine 21 (September 1996): 74–84.</li> <li>Edelstein, Michael R. 2003. Contaminated Communities: Coping with Residential Toxic Exposure Westview Press.</li> <li>Folk, Ellison. "Public Participation in the Superfund Cleanup Process", Ecology Law Quarterly 18 (1991), 173–221.</li> <li>Hird, J. A. 1993. "Environmental Policy and Equity: the case of Superfund." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 12: 323–343.</li> <li>Munday, Pat. 2002. "'A millionaire couldn't buy a piece of water as good:' George Grant and the Conservation of the Big Hole River Watershed." Montana: The Magazine of Western History 52 (2): 20–37.</li> <li>Okrusch, Chad Michael. "Pragmatism and environmental problem-solving: A systematic moral analysis of democratic decision-making in Butte, Montana" (PhD. Diss. University of Oregon, 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/11445/Okrusch_Chad_Michael_ph2010wi.pdf?sequence=1">online</a></li> <li>Quivik, Fredric. 2004. "Of Tailings, Superfund Litigation, and Historians as Experts: U.S. v. Asarco, et al. (the Bunker Hill Case in Idaho)." The Public Historian 26 (1): 81–104.</li> <li>Probst, K. et al. 2002. "Superfund's Future: What Will It Cost?" Environmental Forum, 19 (2 ): 32–41.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Noble_Tesh" title="Sylvia Noble Tesh">Tesh, Sylvia.</a> 1999. "Citizen experts in environmental risk." Policy Studies 32 (1): 39–58.</li> <li>Teske, N. 2000. "A tale of two TAGs: Dialogue and democracy in the superfund program." American Behavioral Scientist. 44 (4): 664–678.</li></ul> </div> Web resources <ul><li>United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2005a. Region 8 – Superfund: Citizen's Guide to Superfund. Updated December 27, 2005. www.epa.gov/ Accessed 27Dec.05.</li> <li>______. 2005b. "EPA Region 8—Environmental Justice (EJ) Program." Updated March 24, 2005). www.epa.gov/region8/ej/ Accessed 05.Jan.06.</li> <li>______. 2004a. Superfund Cleanup Proposal, Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit of the Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/Region8/superfund/sites/mt/FinalBPSOUProposedPlan.pdf">epa.gov</a>, accessed December 20, 2004.</li> <li>______. 2004b. "Clark Fork River Record of Decision", available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/region8/superfund/sites/mt/milltowncfr/cfrou.html">epa.gov</a></li> <li>______. 2002a. Superfund Community Involvement Toolkit. EPA 540-K-01-004.*</li> <li>______. 2002b. "Butte Benefits from a $78 Million Cleanup Agreement." Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/region8/superfund/sites/mt/silver_.html">epa.gov</a></li> <li>______. 1998. Superfund Community Involvement Handbook and Toolkit. Washington, DC: Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.</li> <li>______. 1996. "EPA Superfund Record of Decision R08-96/112." Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0896112.pdf">epa.gov</a></li> <li>______. 1992. "Environmental Equity: Reducing Risk for All Communities." EPA A230-R-92-008; two volumes (June 1992).</li> <li>Society for Applied Anthropology. 2005. "SFAA Project Townsend, Case Study Three, The Clark Fork Superfund Sites in Western Montana." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfaa.net">sfaa.net</a>, accessed November 23, 2005</li> <li>Montana Environmental Information Center. 2005. "Federal Superfund: EPA's Plan for Butte Priority Soils." Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061009212841/http://www.meic.org/Butte_Superfund2005/Butte_Superfund.html">meic.org</a></li> <li>Murray, C. and D.R. Marmorek. 2004. "Adaptive Management: A science-based approach to managing ecosystems in the face of uncertainty." Prepared for presentation at the Fifth International Conference on Science and Management of Protected Areas: Making Ecosystem Based Management Work, Victoria, British Columbia, May 11–16, 2003. ESSA Technologies, BC, Canada.</li> <li>National Academy of Sciences. 2005. The National Academy of Sciences Report on Superfund and Mining Megasites: Lessons from the Coeur d'Alene River Basin. Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/superfund/reports/coeur.htm">epa.gov</a></li> <li>Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility. 2005. "Cut and Run: EPA Betrays Another Montana Town—A Tale of Butte, the Largest Superfund Site in the United States." News release (August 18, 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070120192010/http://www.peer.org/news/news_archive.php">peer.org</a>, accessed September 15, 2005</li> <li>Southland, Elizabeth. 2003. "Megasites: Presentation for the NACEPT—Superfund Subcommittee." www.epa.gov/oswer/docs/naceptdocs/megasites.pdf, accessed April 22, 2005.</li></ul> Academic resources <ul><li>Center for Public Environmental Oversight. 2002. "Roundtable on Long-term Management in the Cleanup of Contaminated Sites." Report from a roundtable held in Washington, DC, June 28, 2002, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpeo.org/">cpeo.org</a>, accessed December 19, 2005.</li> <li>Case, Bridgette Dawn. "The women's protective union: Union women activists in a union town, 1890-1929" (PhD Dissertation. Montana State University-Bozeman, 2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/1049/CaseB1204.pdf?sequence=1">online</a></li> <li>Curran, Mary E. 1996. "The Contested Terrain of Butte, Montana: Social Landscapes of Risk and Resiliency." Master's thesis, University of Montana.</li> <li>LeCain, Timothy. 1998. "Moving Mountains: Technology and Environment in Western Copper Mining." PhD Dissertation, University of Delaware.</li> <li>Quivik, Frederic. 1998. "Smoke and Tailings: An Environmental History of Copper Smelting Technologies in Montana, 1880–1930." PhD Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Mercier, Laurie. 2001. Anaconda: Labor, Community, and Culture in Montana's Smelter City (University of Illinois Press).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFParrett2015" class="citation book cs1">Parrett, Aaron (2015). Literary Butte: A History in Novels & Film. The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-626-19836-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-626-19836-4"><bdi>978-1-626-19836-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+Butte%3A+A+History+in+Novels+%26+Film&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-626-19836-4&rft.aulast=Parrett&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AButte%2C+Montana" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Toole, K. Ross. 1954. "A History of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company: A Study in the Relationships between a State and its People and a Corporation, 1880–1950." PhD Dissertation, University of California-Los Angeles.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Primary sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130416043604/http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/search?q=Copper+camp:+stories+of+the+world's+greatest+mining+town&qt=owc_search">Copper Camp: Stories of the world's greatest mining town, Butte, Montana</a> compiled by Workers of the Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of Montana.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Butte,_Montana" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Butte, Montana">Butte, Montana</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" 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resources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Local resources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.co.silverbow.mt.us/">City and County of Butte-Silver Bow</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.umt.edu/butte_oralhistory/">Butte Oral History Project</a> (University of Montana Archives)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://butteelevated.com/">Butte Visitors Bureau</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Photographs_and_media">Photographs and media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Photographs and media">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4254b.pm020527/">Panoramic (zoomable) view of Butte, Montana, 1904</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://watch.montanapbs.org/video/1430375505">Hidden Fire: The Great Butte Explosion</a> Documentary produced by <a href="/wiki/Montana_PBS" title="Montana PBS">Montana PBS</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Silver_Bow_County,_Montana,_United_States500" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Butte</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Butte</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Montana_highlighting_Silver_Bow_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2043" data-file-height="1178" /><figcaption>Silver Bow County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walkerville,_Montana" title="Walkerville, Montana">Walkerville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divide,_Montana" title="Divide, Montana">Divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmont_Hot_Springs,_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairmont Hot Springs, Montana">Fairmont Hot Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace,_Montana" title="Grace, Montana">Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Montana" title="Melrose, Montana">Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay,_Montana" title="Ramsay, Montana">Ramsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocker,_Butte" title="Rocker, Butte">Rocker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregson,_Montana" title="Gregson, Montana">Gregson</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood" title="Neighbourhood">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow,_Butte" title="Silver Bow, Butte">Silver Bow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Montana_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Montana (state)">Montana portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Montana_regions_and_towns_with_breweries268" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Montana_Regions_and_Towns_with_Breweries" title="Template:Montana Regions and Towns with Breweries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Montana_Regions_and_Towns_with_Breweries" title="Template talk:Montana Regions and Towns with Breweries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Montana_Regions_and_Towns_with_Breweries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Montana Regions and Towns with Breweries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Montana_regions_and_towns_with_breweries268" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Montana regions and <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Montana" title="List of municipalities in Montana">towns</a> with <a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana" title="List of breweries in Montana">breweries</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Glacier Country (Northwest)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Missoula516" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Missoula,_Montana" title="Missoula, Montana">Missoula</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayern_Brewing" title="Bayern Brewing">Bayern Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sky_Brewing_Company" title="Big Sky Brewing Company">Big Sky Brewing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Conflux_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Conflux Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Cranky_Sam_Public_House_(Cranky_Sam_Brewing)" title="List of breweries in Montana">Cranky Sam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Draught_Works" title="List of breweries in Montana">Draught Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Gild_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Gild Brewing</a></li> <li>Great Burn Brewing Co.</li> <li>Imagine Nation Brewing Co.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KettleHouse_Brewing_Company" title="KettleHouse Brewing Company">KettleHouse Brewing Company</a></li> <li>Missoula Brewing Co.</li> <li>Odd Pitch Brewing Co.</li> <li>Taprooms only <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Tamarack_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Tamarack Brewing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Flathead_Lake_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Flathead Lake Brewing Co.</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Montana" title="Hamilton, Montana">Hamilton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bitter_Root_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bitter Root Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Higherground_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Higherground Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Stevensville,_Montana" title="Stevensville, Montana">Stevensville</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Blacksmith_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Blacksmith Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Wildwood_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Wildwood Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Woods_Bay,_Montana" title="Woods Bay, Montana">Woods Bay</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Flathead_Lake_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Flathead Lake Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Polson,_Montana" title="Polson, Montana">Polson</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Glacier_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Glacier Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Whitefish,_Montana" title="Whitefish, Montana">Whitefish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bonsai_Brewing_Project" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bonsai Brewing Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Jeremiah_Johnson_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Jeremiah Johnson Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#SunRift_Beer_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">SunRift Beer Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lakeside,_Montana" title="Lakeside, Montana">Lakeside</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Tamarack_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Tamarack Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bigfork,_Montana" title="Bigfork, Montana">Bigfork</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Golden_Triangle_Brew_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Golden Triangle Brew Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Falls,_Montana" title="Columbia Falls, Montana">Columbia Falls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Backslope_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Backslope Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Darby,_Montana" title="Darby, Montana">Darby</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Brigand_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Brigand Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eureka,_Montana" title="Eureka, Montana">Eureka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Branding_Iron_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Branding Iron Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Koocanusa_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Koocanusa Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Frenchtown,_Montana" title="Frenchtown, Montana">Frenchtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Old_Bull_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Old Bull Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kalispell,_Montana" title="Kalispell, Montana">Kalispell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bias_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bias Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Patriotic_American_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Patriotic American Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Sacred_Waters_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Sacred Waters Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#SunRift_Beer_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">SunRift Beer Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Libby,_Montana" title="Libby, Montana">Libby</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Cabinet_Mountain_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Cabinet Mountain Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lolo,_Montana" title="Lolo, Montana">Lolo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Lolo_Peak_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Lolo Peak Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ronan,_Montana" title="Ronan, Montana">Ronan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Ronan_Cooperative_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Ronan Cooperative Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Falls,_Montana" title="Thompson Falls, Montana">Thompson Falls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Limberlost_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Limberlost Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Southwest Montana</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Blackfoot_River_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Blackfoot River Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Copper_Furrow_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Copper Furrow Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Lewis_and_Clark_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Lewis and Clark Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#MT_Ascension_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">MT Ascension Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Speakeasy_41_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Speakeasy 41 Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Ten_Mile_Creek_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Ten Mile Creek Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Butte</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Butte_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Butte Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Quarry_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Quarry Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Smelter_City_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Smelter City Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dillon,_Montana" title="Dillon, Montana">Dillon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Beaverhead_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Beaverhead Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/East_Helena,_Montana" title="East Helena, Montana">East Helena</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Missouri_River_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Missouri River Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ennis,_Montana" title="Ennis, Montana">Ennis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Burnt_Tree_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Burnt Tree Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sheridan,_Montana" title="Sheridan, Montana">Sheridan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Ruby_Valley_Brew" title="List of breweries in Montana">Ruby Valley Brew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Townsend,_Montana" title="Townsend, Montana">Townsend</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Canyon_Ferry_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Canyon Ferry Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Creek,_Montana" title="Wolf Creek, Montana">Wolf Creek</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Lazy_I_Beerworks_&_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Lazy I Beerworks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Central Montana</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Belt,_Montana" title="Belt, Montana">Belt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Harvest_Moon_Brewing_Co" title="List of breweries in Montana">Harvest Moon Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Black_Eagle,_Montana" title="Black Eagle, Montana">Black Eagle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Black_Eagle_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Black Eagle Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cut_Bank,_Montana" title="Cut Bank, Montana">Cut Bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Cut_Bank_Creek_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Cut Bank Creek Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Falls,_Montana" title="Great Falls, Montana">Great Falls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Annie's_Tap_House" title="List of breweries in Montana">Annie's Tap House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Mighty_Mo_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Mighty Mo Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Harlowton,_Montana" title="Harlowton, Montana">Harlowton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Gally's_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Gally's Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Havre,_Montana" title="Havre, Montana">Havre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Triple_Dog_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Triple Dog Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lewistown,_Montana" title="Lewistown, Montana">Lewistown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Big_Spring_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Big Spring Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Philipsburg,_Montana" title="Philipsburg, Montana">Philipsburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Philipsburg_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Philipsburg Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Yellowstone Country (South Central)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bozeman,_Montana" title="Bozeman, Montana">Bozeman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#406_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">406 Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bozeman_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bozeman Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bridger_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bridger Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bunkhouse_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bunkhouse Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Freefall_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Freefall Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Julius_Lehrkind_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Julius Lehrkind Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Last_Best_Place_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Last Best Place Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#MAP_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">MAP Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Mountains_Walking_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Mountains Walking Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#New_Hokkaido_Beverage_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Phantom Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#New_Ventures_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">New Ventures Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Outlaw_Brewing_(Sheriff_Henry_Plummer's)" title="List of breweries in Montana">Outlaw Brewing|(Sheriff Henry Plummer's)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Shred_Monk_Brewery_and_Coffee_House" title="List of breweries in Montana">Shred Monk Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Sky,_Montana" title="Big Sky, Montana">Big Sky</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Lone_Peak_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Lone Peak Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Belgrade,_Montana" title="Belgrade, Montana">Belgrade</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Bar_3_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Bar 3 Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Madison_River_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Madison River Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Montana" title="Livingston, Montana">Livingston</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Katabatic_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Katabatic Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Neptune's_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Neptune's Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Red_Lodge,_Montana" title="Red Lodge, Montana">Red Lodge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Red_Lodge_Ales_Brewing_Co" title="List of breweries in Montana">Red Lodge Ales Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Timber,_Montana" title="Big Timber, Montana">Big Timber</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Crazy_Peak_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Crazy Peak Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Montana" title="Columbus, Montana">Columbus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Palladium_Draughthaus" title="List of breweries in Montana">Palladium Draughthaus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Three_Forks,_Montana" title="Three Forks, Montana">Three Forks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Sawdust_&_Steel_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Sawdust & Steel Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/West_Yellowstone,_Montana" title="West Yellowstone, Montana">West Yellowstone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Yellowstone_Beer_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Yellowstone Beer Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Missouri River Country (Northeast)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Point,_Montana" title="Wolf Point, Montana">Wolf Point</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Missouri_Breaks_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Missouri Breaks Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Glasgow,_Montana" title="Glasgow, Montana">Glasgow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Busted_Knuckle_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Busted Knuckle Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Malta,_Montana" title="Malta, Montana">Malta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Blue_Ridge_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Blue Ridge Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Scobey,_Montana" title="Scobey, Montana">Scobey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Pleasant_Prairie_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Pleasant Prairie Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sidney,_Montana" title="Sidney, Montana">Sidney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Meadowlark_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Meadowlark Brewing Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Southeast Montana</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Billings,_Montana" title="Billings, Montana">Billings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Angry_Hank's_Microbrewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Angry Hank's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#By_All_Means" title="List of breweries in Montana">By All Means</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Canyon_Creek_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Canyon Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Carter's_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Carter's Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Diamond_X_Beer_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">Diamond X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Meadowlark_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Meadowlark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Montana_Brewing_Company" title="List of breweries in Montana">Montana Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Thirsty_Street_Brewing_Co._@_The_Garage" title="List of breweries in Montana">Thirsty Street Brewing Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Uberbrew" title="List of breweries in Montana">Uberbrew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wibaux,_Montana" title="Wibaux, Montana">Wibaux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Beaver_Creek_Brewery" title="List of breweries in Montana">Beaver Creek Brewery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Glendive,_Montana" title="Glendive, Montana">Glendive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Cross_Country_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Cross Country Brewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laurel,_Montana" title="Laurel, Montana">Laurel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#High_Plains_Brewing_Co." title="List of breweries in Montana">High Plains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Miles_City,_Montana" title="Miles City, Montana">Miles City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Otium_Brewing" title="List of breweries in Montana">Otium Brewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Montana#Tilt_Wurks_Brewhouse" title="List of breweries in Montana">Tilt Wurks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Montana31" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Montana_county_seats" title="Template:Montana county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Montana_county_seats" title="Template talk:Montana county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Montana_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Montana county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Montana31" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seats" class="mw-redirect" title="County seats">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker,_Montana" title="Baker, Montana">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Timber,_Montana" title="Big Timber, Montana">Big Timber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billings,_Montana" title="Billings, Montana">Billings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Montana" title="Boulder, Montana">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozeman,_Montana" title="Bozeman, Montana">Bozeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadus,_Montana" title="Broadus, Montana">Broadus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester,_Montana" title="Chester, Montana">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinook,_Montana" title="Chinook, Montana">Chinook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choteau,_Montana" title="Choteau, Montana">Choteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle,_Montana" title="Circle, Montana">Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Montana" title="Columbus, Montana">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad,_Montana" title="Conrad, Montana">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Bank,_Montana" title="Cut Bank, Montana">Cut Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Lodge,_Montana" title="Deer Lodge, Montana">Deer Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dillon,_Montana" title="Dillon, Montana">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekalaka,_Montana" title="Ekalaka, Montana">Ekalaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forsyth,_Montana" title="Forsyth, Montana">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Benton,_Montana" title="Fort Benton, Montana">Fort Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow,_Montana" title="Glasgow, Montana">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendive,_Montana" title="Glendive, Montana">Glendive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Falls,_Montana" title="Great Falls, Montana">Great Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Montana" title="Hamilton, Montana">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardin,_Montana" title="Hardin, Montana">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlowton,_Montana" title="Harlowton, Montana">Harlowton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havre,_Montana" title="Havre, Montana">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysham,_Montana" title="Hysham, Montana">Hysham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan,_Montana" title="Jordan, Montana">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalispell,_Montana" title="Kalispell, Montana">Kalispell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewistown,_Montana" title="Lewistown, Montana">Lewistown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby,_Montana" title="Libby, Montana">Libby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Montana" title="Livingston, Montana">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta,_Montana" title="Malta, Montana">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_City,_Montana" title="Miles City, Montana">Miles City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missoula,_Montana" title="Missoula, Montana">Missoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipsburg,_Montana" title="Philipsburg, Montana">Philipsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plentywood,_Montana" title="Plentywood, Montana">Plentywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polson,_Montana" title="Polson, Montana">Polson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lodge,_Montana" title="Red Lodge, Montana">Red Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundup,_Montana" title="Roundup, Montana">Roundup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryegate,_Montana" title="Ryegate, Montana">Ryegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scobey,_Montana" title="Scobey, Montana">Scobey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby,_Montana" title="Shelby, Montana">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney,_Montana" title="Sidney, Montana">Sidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford,_Montana" title="Stanford, Montana">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Montana" title="Superior, Montana">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry,_Montana" title="Terry, Montana">Terry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Falls,_Montana" title="Thompson Falls, Montana">Thompson Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend,_Montana" title="Townsend, Montana">Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_City,_Montana" title="Virginia City, Montana">Virginia City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Sulphur_Springs,_Montana" title="White Sulphur Springs, Montana">White Sulphur Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wibaux,_Montana" title="Wibaux, Montana">Wibaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnett,_Montana" title="Winnett, Montana">Winnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Point,_Montana" title="Wolf Point, Montana">Wolf Point</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1010" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1010" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467664#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140587607">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmDjkhrfbvF8Pgp9rtBT3">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4080599-2">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81068043">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007566858505171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/3c6bd962-9fc3-42fe-a563-47e11d78cbc6">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10041452">NARA</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&oldid=1277372048">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Butte,_Montana&oldid=1277372048</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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[\"CITEREFDuganz,_Pat2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunlap,_Susan2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEmeigh,_John2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEmmons1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEverett,_George\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEverett2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFinn1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFinn2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFischer,_Kit2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGallagher2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGammonsMeteshDuaime2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGedeon,_Jacqueline2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeranios,_Nicholas_K.2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGevock,_Nick2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGhassemi,_Abbas2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGibson,_Richard_I.2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGiecek,_Rudy2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlasscock1935\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGordon2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeinbach,_Michael2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHentunen2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHill,_Donovan2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHinick,_Walter2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHinick,_Walter2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHodgman,_George1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoffman,_Matt2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFInbody,_Kristen2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJackson,_Jon_A.1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnson,_Charles_S.2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLee,_Rose_Hum1948\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLester,_Tiffany2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis,_Lauren2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLoven2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLozar,_Steve2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacGibbon1904\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacMillan2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMac_Donald,_Laura2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMagocsi1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalone,_Patrick1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalone1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalone2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaloneRoederLang1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCarthy1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcMahon1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcQuillan,_Kindra2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeyers,_Christene2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontana_Energy_and_MHD_Research_and_Development_Institute1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontville,_Leigh2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMunday,_Pat2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurphy1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNash1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaisley,_Joe2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParrett2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPentilla,_Annie2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhillips,_Peter2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhilpott,_William_Philpott1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPockock,_Joanna2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPomada1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowell,_Peter_J.Malone,_Michael_P.1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPunke2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRasmussen,_Ryan2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRayback,_Joseph_G.2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReese,_Hope2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRing1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRingWatsonSchellinger2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobbins,_Jim1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRota,_Kara2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRutten,_Tim2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShockley,_Troy2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShovers,_Brian1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShoversFiegeMartinQuivik1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSilve,_Maryanne_Davis2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith,_Mike2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStauffer,_Roberta_Forsell2001\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFTerdiman,_Daniel2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThompson2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThornton,_Tracy2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThornton,_Tracy2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThortnon,_Tracy2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWyckoff1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZhang,_Sarah2016\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 34,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 116,\n [\"Closed access\"] = 5,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 32,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"EB1911 poster\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 4,\n [\"Free access\"] = 3,\n [\"GNIS\"] = 1,\n [\"Geographic location\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Hidden begin\"] = 1,\n [\"Hidden end\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox settlement\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Montana Regions and Towns with Breweries\"] = 1,\n [\"Montana county seats\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Party shading/Democratic\"] = 22,\n [\"Party shading/Republican\"] = 11,\n [\"Pipe\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 3,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 37,\n [\"Silver Bow County, Montana\"] = 1,\n [\"Small\"] = 13,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"US Census population\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Weather box\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n [\"Wide image\"] = 3,\n [\"Wikivoyage\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","400","23.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","16.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","8.3"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","140","8.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","120","7.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","100","6.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","80","4.8"],["\u003Cmw.lua:706\u003E","40","2.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","40","2.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","40","2.4"],["[others]","300","17.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-8669bc5c8-mlbfl","timestamp":"20250318155125","ttl":1152526,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Butte, Montana","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Butte,_Montana","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q467664","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q467664","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-07-03T01:44:34Z","dateModified":"2025-02-24T08:00:22Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c7\/Butte%2C_Montana_collage.png","headline":"consolidated city-county (with Silver Bow County) in Montana, United States"}</script> </body> </html>