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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Invasion of South Georgia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_de_la_G%C3%A9orgie_du_Sud" title="Invasion de la Géorgie du Sud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Invasion de la Géorgie du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasi_Georgia_Selatan" title="Invasi Georgia Selatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Invasi Georgia Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9li-Georgia_argentin_inv%C3%A1zi%C3%B3ja" title="Déli-Georgia argentin inváziója – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Déli-Georgia argentin inváziója" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E4%BE%B5%E6%94%BB" title="サウスジョージア侵攻 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サウスジョージア侵攻" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8E" title="Вторжение на Южную Георгию – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вторжение на Южную Георгию" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4-Georgian_saaren_valtaus" title="Etelä-Georgian saaren valtaus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Georgian saaren valtaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96%D1%8E" title="Вторгнення Аргентини у Південну Джорджію – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вторгнення Аргентини у Південну Джорджію" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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class="geo">-54.2852389; -36.4990611</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">April 1982 battle during the Falklands War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Operation Georgias" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Operation_Georgia" title="Operation Georgia">Operation Georgia</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Grytviken</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg/300px-Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg/450px-Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg/600px-Overview_of_Battle_of_Grytviken_3rd_April_1982.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2385" data-file-height="1373" /></a></span><br />Grytviken, 3 April 1982</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>3 April 1982<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1982-04-03</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Grytviken" title="Grytviken">Grytviken</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Argentine victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Keith_Mills_(Royal_Marines_officer)" title="Keith Mills (Royal Marines officer)">Lt. Keith Mills</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> César Trombetta</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/RoyalMarineBadge.svg/9px-RoyalMarineBadge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/RoyalMarineBadge.svg/14px-RoyalMarineBadge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/RoyalMarineBadge.svg/19px-RoyalMarineBadge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Armada_argentina_emblem.svg/15px-Armada_argentina_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Armada_argentina_emblem.svg/22px-Armada_argentina_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Armada_argentina_emblem.svg/29px-Armada_argentina_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="187" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Navy" title="Argentine Navy">Argentine Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>22 marines</li><li>1 survey ship</li></ul></div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>60 marines</li><li>1 corvette</li><li>1 survey ship</li><li>2 helicopters</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1 wounded</li><li>22 captured</li></ul></div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>3 killed</li><li>9 wounded</li><li>1 corvette damaged</li><li>1 helicopter shot down</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rosario" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Rosario">Operation Rosario</a></b> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">South Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Occupation of the Falkland Islands">Occupation</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_CORPORATE" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation CORPORATE">Operation Corporate</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Paraquet" title="Operation Paraquet">Paraquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Black_Buck" title="Operation Black Buck">Black Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARA_Santa_Fe_(S-21)" title="ARA Santa Fe (S-21)"><i>Santa Fe</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_ARA_General_Belgrano" title="Sinking of the ARA General Belgrano"><i>Belgrano</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARA_Alf%C3%A9rez_Sobral" title="ARA Alférez Sobral"><i>Sobral</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Sheffield_(D80)" title="HMS Sheffield (D80)"><i>Sheffield</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Pebble_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Pebble Island">Pebble Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mikado" title="Operation Mikado">Mikado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sutton" title="Operation Sutton">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Carlos_(1982)" title="Battle of San Carlos (1982)">San Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ardent_(F184)" title="HMS Ardent (F184)"><i>Ardent</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seal_Cove" title="Battle of Seal Cove">Seal Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Antelope_(F170)" title="HMS Antelope (F170)"><i>Antelope</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SS_Atlantic_Conveyor" title="SS Atlantic Conveyor">Atlantic Conveyor</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Coventry_(D118)" title="HMS Coventry (D118)"><i>Coventry</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goose_Green" title="Battle of Goose Green">Goose Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Kent" title="Battle of Mount Kent">Mount Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirmish_at_Top_Malo_House" title="Skirmish at Top Malo House">Top Malo House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluff_Cove_Air_Attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluff Cove Air Attacks">Bluff Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirmish_at_Many_Branch_Point" title="Skirmish at Many Branch Point">Many Branch Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Harriet" title="Battle of Mount Harriet">Mount Harriet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Two_Sisters" title="Battle of Two Sisters">Two Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Glamorgan_(D19)" title="HMS Glamorgan (D19)"><i>Glamorgan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFA_Sir_Galahad_(1966)" title="RFA Sir Galahad (1966)"><i>Sir Galahad</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Longdon" title="Battle of Mount Longdon">Mount Longdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Cortley_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Cortley Ridge">Cortley Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wireless_Ridge" title="Battle of Wireless Ridge">Wireless Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Tumbledown" title="Battle of Mount Tumbledown">Mount Tumbledown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_surrender_in_the_Falklands_War" title="Argentine surrender in the Falklands War">Port Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Keyhole" title="Operation Keyhole">Thule & South Sandwich Islands</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>invasion of South Georgia</b>, also known as the <b>Battle of Grytviken</b> or <b>Operation Georgias</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> took place on 3 April 1982, when <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Navy" title="Argentine Navy">Argentine Navy</a> forces seized control of the east coast of <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a> after overpowering a small group of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a> at <a href="/wiki/Grytviken" title="Grytviken">Grytviken</a>. Though outnumbered, the Royal Marines shot down a helicopter and hit the Argentine corvette <a href="/wiki/ARA_Guerrico" title="ARA Guerrico">ARA <i>Guerrico</i></a> several times before being forced to surrender. It was one of the first episodes of the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>, immediately succeeding the <a href="/wiki/1982_invasion_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands">invasion on the Falkland Islands</a> the day before. </p><p>The operation had been prepared on 19 March, when a group of Argentine civilian scrap metal workers arrived at <a href="/wiki/Leith_Harbour" title="Leith Harbour">Leith Harbour</a> on board the transport ship <a href="/wiki/ARA_Bah%C3%ADa_Buen_Suceso" title="ARA Bahía Buen Suceso">ARA <i>Bahía Buen Suceso</i></a> without the required landing clearance and then raised the Argentine flag. The scrap workers had been infiltrated by Argentine marines posing as civilian scientists.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SG-Settlements.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/SG-Settlements.png/220px-SG-Settlements.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/SG-Settlements.png/330px-SG-Settlements.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/SG-Settlements.png/440px-SG-Settlements.png 2x" data-file-width="3702" data-file-height="2684" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The only British presence at Leith on 19 March was a <a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Survey" title="British Antarctic Survey">British Antarctic Survey</a> (BAS) team, whose leader Trefor Edwards handed a message from London to the commander of <i>Buen Suceso</i>, captain Briatore, demanding the removal of the Argentine flag and the departure of the party. At the same time, the Argentine crew had to report to the top BAS commander in Grytviken, Steve Martin. Briatore replied that the mission had the approval of the British embassy in Buenos Aires.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eventually, the Argentine captain ordered the lowering of the flag, but failed to report to Grytviken. The BAS commander sent a message to the Governor of the <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rex_Hunt_(diplomat)" title="Rex Hunt (diplomat)">Rex Hunt</a> (South Georgia being run as a dependency of the Falklands). After consulting London, Hunt was instructed to dispatch <a href="/wiki/HMS_Endurance_(1967)" title="HMS Endurance (1967)">HMS <i>Endurance</i></a> to South Georgia with a detachment of 22 <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-small_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg/220px-Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg/330px-Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg/440px-Q5ARAAlmiranteIrizar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="779" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/ARA_Almirante_Ir%C3%ADzar" title="ARA Almirante Irízar">ARA <i>Almirante Irízar</i></a>, first Argentine Navy ship to arrive at Grytviken in December 1981</figcaption></figure> <p>The reason for the landing of scrap metal workmen at Leith was a 1978 contract between a company owned by the Argentine businessman, Constantino Davidoff, and the British company <a href="/wiki/Christian_Salvesen" title="Christian Salvesen">Christian Salvesen</a> for the removal of an abandoned whaling station on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aware of the contract, the Argentine Navy conceived of a plan to hijack Davidoff's business in South Georgia, in order to establish an undercover base on the disputed territory. The action was code named <i>Operation Alpha</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There had been already two other Argentine trips to South Georgia: in December 1981, on board the Argentine icebreaker <a href="/wiki/ARA_Almirante_Ir%C3%ADzar" title="ARA Almirante Irízar">ARA <i>Almirante Irízar</i></a>, when Davidoff made an inventory of the facilities;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in February 1982, when an alleged commercial rival of Davidoff, bank employee Adrian Marchessi, made an unannounced visit to Leith. Marchessi assessed Leith facilities on board the Panamanian registered yacht <i>Caiman</i>, which had sailed out of <a href="/wiki/Mar_del_Plata" title="Mar del Plata">Mar del Plata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later reported himself to Grytviken, claiming that he was part of Davidoff's scheme and giving the British authorities details of the December inspection and even of early Argentine trips during the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The failure of the Argentines to comply with the diplomatic formalities prompted Britain to opt for a small-scale intervention. In the meantime, a formal protest was issued by the British embassy in Buenos Aires. The Argentine Foreign Minister's response appeared to defuse the crisis; the note asserted that the <i>Buen Suceso</i> would soon be leaving, and that the mission had no official sanction at all.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the morning of 22 March <i>Buen Suceso</i> left Leith harbour. However, in the afternoon, a BAS observation post detected the presence of Argentine personnel and passed the information to London. In consequence, the Foreign Office chose to order HMS <i>Endurance</i> to evacuate any Argentine personnel remaining in South Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg/300px-HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg/450px-HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg/600px-HMS-Endurance-MDQ-1982.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1636" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption>HMS <i>Endurance</i> at <a href="/wiki/Mar_del_Plata" title="Mar del Plata">Mar del Plata</a> naval base, during her trip to the Falklands in February 1982</figcaption></figure> <p>The British moves met with a series of Argentine countermeasures: the corvettes <a href="/wiki/ARA_Drummond_(P-31)" title="ARA Drummond (P-31)">ARA <i>Drummond</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/ARA_Granville_(P-33)" title="ARA Granville (P-33)">ARA <i>Granville</i></a> were deployed between the Falklands and South Georgia, which would have allowed them to intercept <i>Endurance</i> and remove any Argentine personnel on board. In addition, upon arrival at Leith, <i>Endurance</i> found the Antarctic Survey ship <a href="/wiki/ARA_Bah%C3%ADa_Para%C3%ADso" title="ARA Bahía Paraíso">ARA <i>Bahía Paraíso</i></a> at anchor. This vessel landed a party of 10 naval commandos picked up from <a href="/wiki/South_Orkney_Islands" title="South Orkney Islands">South Orkney Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Facing the potential for military action, the Foreign Office sought some sort of compromise. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Lord Carrington</a> proposed to his counterpart, <a href="/wiki/Nicanor_Costa_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Nicanor Costa Méndez">Nicanor Costa Méndez</a>, to indulge the workers presence at Leith, given the proper documentation, which could include the stamping of temporary permissions instead of passports, a concession crucial to the Argentine position. The Argentine intention, however, was that the arrival of any of its citizens to South Georgia should follow the procedures agreed on the communications treaty of 1971. Governor Rex Hunt strongly rejected this extension of the agreement, valid only for the Falklands jurisdiction, and raised his concerns to the British government. Costa Mendez left things in limbo; both countries were then on the brink of conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2_April">2 April</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2 April"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shortly before the <a href="/wiki/1982_invasion_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands">Argentine landings on the Falklands</a>, <i>Bahía Paraíso</i> and <i>Endurance</i> were playing a cat-and-mouse game around South Georgia, until 31 March, when the ships lost track of each other. The British plan was that Martin would be in charge until the Argentine forces showed any hostile intentions. If that occurred, Acting Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Keith_Mills_(Royal_Marines_officer)" title="Keith Mills (Royal Marines officer)">Keith Mills</a>, the most senior officer of the Royal Marines party, would take command. A marine under the command of Mills was Robert Charles Ashton, who donated his equipment used in the Battle to the South Georgia Museum in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mills received a radio message from HMS <i>Endurance</i> relaying instructions from London that he should make only a token resistance to any Argentine violation of British territory. It was reported that he replied "sod that, I'll make their eyes water",<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although Mills later stated the story was not true. On 2 April, Captain <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Astiz" title="Alfredo Astiz">Alfredo Astiz</a> (a leading figure during the <a href="/wiki/Dirty_War" title="Dirty War">Dirty War</a>, whose extradition was requested by France for <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> violations) announced to the Argentine party in Leith that Argentina had taken over the Falklands.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the Argentine navy ordered the corvette <a href="/wiki/ARA_Guerrico" title="ARA Guerrico">ARA <i>Guerrico</i></a> to join <i>Bahía Paraíso</i> at Leith, equipped with two helicopters and carrying 40 marines, along with Astiz's team. The aim was the capture of Grytviken. The group would be called <i>Grupo de Tareas 60.1</i>, under the command of Captain Trombetta, on board <i>Bahía Paraíso</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After learning of the fall of <a href="/wiki/Stanley,_Falkland_Islands" title="Stanley, Falkland Islands">Stanley</a>, Mills took urgent measures: his men fortified the beach at <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_Point" title="King Edward Point">King Edward Point</a>, near the entrance of the bay with wire and landmines, and prepared defences around the BAS buildings. <i>Endurance</i>, some miles offshore, would provide communication between the small British detachment and London. The new rules of engagement authorized Mills to "fire in self defence, after warning". A later statement from the British government instructed the marines to "not resist beyond the point where lives might be lost to no avail."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other side, the Argentine plans for 2 April in South Georgia were thwarted by poor weather. These plans consisted in the landing of Astiz's special forces on Hope Point, near Grytviken, to secure the arrival of the bulk of the land forces, carried by helicopter. <i>Guerrico</i> would provide naval fire support outside the bay. But the arrival of the corvette was delayed by a storm, so a new course of action was decided for the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayorga,_p._97_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayorga,_p._97-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the new plan, the first landing would be led by <i>Guerrico</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Alouette</a> helicopter, followed by three waves of marines on a <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" class="mw-redirect" title="Aérospatiale Puma">Puma</a> from <i>Bahia Paraiso</i>. After sending a radio message demanding that the British surrender, Trombetta would order <i>Guerrico</i> to make a thrust into Grytviken harbor, right in front of King Edward Point. The Argentine rules of engagement authorized the corvette to fire her weapons only at request of the landing parties. Astiz's men would remain in the rearguard on board <i>Bahia Paraiso</i>. All the forces involved should avoid enemy casualties as long as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayorga,_p._97_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayorga,_p._97-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Official British historian <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Freedman" title="Lawrence Freedman">Lawrence Freedman</a> believes that Trombetta made these provisions thinking he was dealing only with the BAS team.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3_April">3 April</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 3 April"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At 10:30 GMT, as the weather improved, <i>Bahia Paraiso</i> demanded the surrender of Grytviken. The message intimated that Rex Hunt had surrendered not only the Falklands, but also its dependencies, which was untrue.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lt Mills copied and forwarded the message to HMS <i>Endurance</i>, with the intention of buying time. At the same time, he invited the BAS personnel to take cover inside <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Anglican_Church,_Grytviken" title="Norwegian Anglican Church, Grytviken">the local church</a>. By then, the Alouette was overflying Grytviken and <i>Guerrico</i> was making her first entrance into the cove.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Mayorga, Captain Carlos Alfonso, commander of <i>Guerrico</i>, hesitated whether or not to expose the corvette in such narrow waters. Mayorga also supports Freedman's speculation about Trombetta's wrong assumptions regarding British military presence around the harbour, citing an official report. Trombetta also had some reservations about the combat readiness of the warship<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since she had been in dry dock just days before departing from her home base at <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Belgrano" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Belgrano">Puerto Belgrano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Helicopter_shot_down">Helicopter shot down</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Helicopter shot down"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg/220px-Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg/330px-Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg/440px-Helicopter_which_crashed_in_bad_weather_during_Falklands_War.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>Remains of an <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma#Argentina" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma">Argentine Puma</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Puma landed a first group of 15 Argentine marines on King Edward point at 11:41, on the opposite side from Shackleton House, where the Royal Marines were entrenched. By then, <i>Guerrico</i> knew that the general area of deployment of the Royal Marines was on the northern shore of the cove's mouth. </p><p>The second wave of marines took off from <i>Bahia Paraiso</i> deck on board the Puma at 11:47. The commander of the Argentine group already inland, Lieutenant Luna, requested via <i>Guerrico</i>—he had no direct communication with <i>Bahia Paraiso</i>—that the second wave should be equipped with <a href="/wiki/M2_mortar" title="M2 mortar">60 mm mortars</a>, but the party was already in flight. The landing was to take place to the east of Luna's position, well within the view of the British detachment.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The helicopter was spotted by Mills and his men and met by intense automatic fire. The pilot was able to cross the bay and crash-land on its southern bank. Two men were killed and four wounded. At the same time, Luna's troops started their march towards Shackleton House, but the marines pinned them down with heavy gunfire.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, Luna asked <i>Guerrico</i> for fire support. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ARA_Guerrico">ARA <i>Guerrico</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: ARA Guerrico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ARAGuerricoP32_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-ARAGuerricoP32_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/ARA_Guerrico" title="ARA Guerrico">ARA <i>Guerrico</i></a> in 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>The corvette then carried out her second thrust into the cove, and at 11:55 opened fire. To her commander's disappointment, the 20 mm guns jammed after the first shot, and the 40 mm mounting after firing just six rounds. The 100 mm gun became useless after the first shot. Completely exposed, the warship had no other choice but to go ahead in order to put about. At 11:59, the corvette was hit by small arms fire and at least one anti-tank rocket.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Mills, his party opened fire from a distance of 550 metres (1,800 ft). The shooting killed one seaman and injured five others, damaging electrical cables, the 40 mm gun, one Exocet launcher and the 100 mm mounting. All Argentine sources acknowledge that more than 200 small arms rounds hit the corvette.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the meantime, Lieutenant Busson's Alouette had been ferrying more Argentine Marines ashore, out of range of the British weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the battered <i>Guerrico</i> steered out of the bay, the Argentine troops resumed the exchange of fire with Mills' marines. Corporal Nige Peters was hit twice in the arm.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once she was out of range, <i>Guerrico</i> reopened fire with her 100 mm main gun, now back in service.<sup id="cite_ref-uno_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uno-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This convinced Mills that things were over, and he ordered his marines to cease fire.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This happened at 12:48 according to Mayorga.<sup id="cite_ref-uno_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uno-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mills approached the Argentine positions waving a white coat, and surrendered,<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "after achieving his aim of compelling the Argentine troops to use military force."<sup id="cite_ref-uno_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uno-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fred_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fred-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mills and his men were taken in custody by Astiz's group, who had been left in reserve during the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Endurance</i> dispatched one of her helicopters to Cumberland Bay. The aircraft landed there, and spotted an Argentine corvette and a transport ship inside the cove, but found no signs of fighting. <i>Endurance</i> remained in South Georgia waters until 5 April.<sup id="cite_ref-fred_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fred-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The corvette <i>Guerrico</i>, which had lost 50% of her firepower due to combat damage, left Grytviken along with <i>Bahia Paraiso</i> at 03:15 of 4 April, bound for <a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande,_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Grande, Argentina">Rio Grande</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spent three days in <a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">dry dock</a> for repairs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marines were disarmed and taken on board <i>Bahia Paraiso</i>, ferried to Rio Grande and then airlifted to <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-small_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-small-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marine Andrew Michael Lee later said he and the other British prisoners were treated well and there was a feeling of respect between the two sides: "They bore us no malice. They did understand the job we did. They were Marines, like ourselves."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They eventually returned to the United Kingdom on 20 April. Some British BAS members working in remote areas continued their activities undeterred until the British reconquest. Wildlife film maker <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Buxton" title="Cindy Buxton">Cindy Buxton</a> and her assistant were evacuated by a helicopter from HMS <i>Endurance</i> on 30 April.<sup id="cite_ref-SSA_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSA-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She would later reveal that Royal Navy personnel had given her and fellow journalist Annie Price a pistol and that both women had been trained how to use it.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Argentine Navy left a detachment of 55 marines on the island. The 39 scrap metal workers also remained in Leith.<sup id="cite_ref-fred_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fred-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> South Georgia was retaken by British forces on 25 April 1982, during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Paraquet" title="Operation Paraquet">Operation Paraquet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Michael Poole, seeking reconciliation for his role in shooting down the Puma helicopter, contacted Víctor Ibáñez, president of the Asociación Veteranos Defensores de Malvinas (Veterans' Association of Malvinas Defenders, known as Avedema). Ibáñez, a former marine corporal that fought against Lieutenant Mills's platoon, welcomed Poole with open arms, and he explained, "We're both soldiers, men of honour and knew how to accept the role each one played."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decorations_and_honours">Decorations and honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Decorations and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lieutenant Mills and Lieutenant Commander John Anthony Ellerbeck (who commanded <i>Endurance</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s helicopters) were awarded the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_Kingdom)" title="Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)">Distinguished Service Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette48999_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette48999-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sergeant Peter James Leach, RM, was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(United_Kingdom)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (United Kingdom)">Distinguished Service Medal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette48999_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette48999-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Nick_Barker_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Nick Barker (Royal Navy officer)">Nick Barker</a>, HMS <i>Endurance</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s captain, was appointed <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Principal Corporal (Gunnery) Francisco Solano Páez was awarded Argentine's <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Valour_in_Combat" title="Medal of Valour in Combat">Medal of Valour in Combat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The television series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Crown (TV series)">The Crown</a></i> depicts the landing in March of the scrap metal workers on Port Leith and the raising of the Argentine flag.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1982_invasion_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands">1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Events_leading_to_the_Falklands_War" title="Events leading to the Falklands War">Events leading to the Falklands War</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.histarmar.com.ar/Malvinas/OpGeorgiasxBicain.htm">"Operación Georgias, por el Comandante del submarino "Santa Fe"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>histarmar.com.ar</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=histarmar.com.ar&rft.atitle=Operaci%C3%B3n+Georgias%2C+por+el+Comandante+del+submarino+%22Santa+Fe%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.histarmar.com.ar%2FMalvinas%2FOpGeorgiasxBicain.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"infiltrated on board, pretending to be scientists, were members of an Argentine naval special forces unit" Nick van der Bijl, <i>Nine Battles to Stanley</i>, London, Leo Cooper p. 8 as reported in Lawrence Freedman, <i>The Official History of the Falklands Campaign: Vol I The Origins of the Falklands War</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>Bahia Buen Suceso</i> set sail for South Georgia on 11 March carrying Argentine Marines" Rowland White, <i>Vulcan 607</i>, London, Bantam Press, p. 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-small-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-small_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/South-Georgia.html#prof">Britain Small Wars</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071014125543/http://britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/South-Georgia.html">Archived</a> 2007-10-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8599404.stm">"Scrap dealer who accidentally set off the Falklands War"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 3 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Scrap+dealer+who+accidentally+set+off+the+Falklands+War&rft.date=2010-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8599404.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Insight Team <i>Sunday Times</i>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, p. 172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, p. 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, pp. 87–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, pp. 183–84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman-Gamba, pp. 98–99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, p. 187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sgmuseum.gs/news/april-2022/">"April 2022: Clothing worn during the 1982 conflict"</a>. <i>South Georgia Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Georgia+Museum&rft.atitle=April+2022%3A+Clothing+worn+during+the+1982+conflict&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsgmuseum.gs%2Fnews%2Fapril-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Bruxelles2014" class="citation news cs1">de Bruxelles, Simon (24 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/falklands-hero-to-sell-his-medal-for-bravery-gcp8vtrpw0p">"Falklands hero to sell his medal for bravery"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. Times Newspapers Ltd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Falklands+hero+to+sell+his+medal+for+bravery&rft.date=2014-04-24&rft.aulast=de+Bruxelles&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Ffalklands-hero-to-sell-his-medal-for-bravery-gcp8vtrpw0p&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, pp. 11–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayorga,_p._97-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mayorga,_p._97_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayorga,_p._97_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Apparently under the missapprenhension at this point that, in the absence of <i>Endurance</i>, he was dealing only with the civilian BAS party, Trombetta ordered the corvette <i>Guerrico</i> to close to shore, sent his Alouette helicopter to recconoitre, and loaded the first group of Marines into his other helicopter, a Puma." Freedman, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, pp. 13–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, pp. 99–100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivera" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Rivera, Marcelo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090414050257/http://www.dintel-gid.com.ar/especiales/articulo01.html">"Malvinas: Georgias del Sur"</a>. <i>DintelGID</i>. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DintelGID&rft.atitle=Malvinas%3A+Georgias+del+Sur&rft.aulast=Rivera&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dintel-gid.com.ar%2Fespeciales%2Farticulo01.html%23prof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uno-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uno_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uno_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uno_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fred-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fred_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fred_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fred_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayorga, p. 102</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/d-orves.htm">www.globalsecurity.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/outnumbered-marines-faced-hopeless-mission-990086">Outnumbered Marines faced hopeless mission, Manchester Evening News, 13 August 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SSA-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SSA_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuxtonPrice1983" class="citation book cs1">Buxton, C.; Price, A. (1983). <i>Survival South Atlantic</i>. London: Granada. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-246-12087-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-246-12087-8"><bdi>0-246-12087-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survival+South+Atlantic&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Granada&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-246-12087-8&rft.aulast=Buxton&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Price%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294188401">"2 Britons Describe Stay on m S. Georgia, London Daily Telegraph, 15 May 1982"</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294188401">294188401</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171207140444/https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/294188401.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May%2015,%201982&author=London%20Daily%20Telegraph&pub=Boston%20Globe%20(pre-1997%20Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=&desc=2%20BRITONS%20DESCRIBE%20STAY%20ON%20S.%20GEORGIA">Archived</a> from the original on 7 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2+Britons+Describe+Stay+on+m+S.+Georgia%2C+London+Daily+Telegraph%2C+15+May+1982&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F294188401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freedman, p. 222</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105044536/http://www.0223.com.ar/k/2013-4-5-malvinas-el-increible-reencuentro-entre-un-veterano-argentino-y-un-birtanico">"Malvinas: el increíble reencuentro entre un veterano argentino y un británico"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.0223.com.ar/k/2013-4-5-malvinas-el-increible-reencuentro-entre-un-veterano-argentino-y-un-birtanico">the original</a> on 5 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Malvinas%3A+el+incre%C3%ADble+reencuentro+entre+un+veterano+argentino+y+un+brit%C3%A1nico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.0223.com.ar%2Fk%2F2013-4-5-malvinas-el-increible-reencuentro-entre-un-veterano-argentino-y-un-birtanico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gazette48999-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette48999_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette48999_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette48999" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/48999/supplement/7421">"No. 48999"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 3 June 1982. pp. <span class="nowrap">7421–</span>22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+48999&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E7421-%3C%2Fspan%3E22&rft.date=1982-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F48999%2Fsupplement%2F7421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette49134" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/49134/supplement/12856">"No. 49134"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 8 October 1982. p. 12856.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+49134&rft.pages=12856&rft.date=1982-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F49134%2Fsupplement%2F12856&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aposmalvinas.com.ar/benef128.htm">Decreto nacional 577/83 - Condecoraciones al personal que ha intervenido en el conflicto armado con el Reino Unido por la recuperación de las Islas Malvinas, Georgias del Sur y Sandwich del Sur</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/a34863963/what-was-the-falklands-war-the-crown-netflix-season-4-explained/">"Here's What Really Happened in the Falklands War, as Seen in 'The Crown'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Popular Mechanics</i>. 4 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Here%27s+What+Really+Happened+in+the+Falklands+War%2C+as+Seen+in+%27The+Crown%27&rft.date=2020-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Fmilitary%2Fa34863963%2Fwhat-was-the-falklands-war-the-crown-netflix-season-4-explained%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodger2019" class="citation news cs1">Rodger, Paul (4 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotsman.com/news/scottish-news/netflix-transforms-scottish-harbour-into-falklands-to-film-the-crown-1408554">"Netflix transforms Scottish harbour into Falklands to film The Crown"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scotsman" title="The Scotsman">The Scotsman</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Netflix+transforms+Scottish+harbour+into+Falklands+to+film+The+Crown&rft.date=2019-09-04&rft.aulast=Rodger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fscottish-news%2Fnetflix-transforms-scottish-harbour-into-falklands-to-film-the-crown-1408554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Freedman" title="Lawrence Freedman">Freedman, Lawrence</a>: <i>The Official History of the Falklands Campaign: The origins of the Falklands war.</i> Routledge, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7146-5206-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7146-5206-7">0-7146-5206-7</a></li> <li>Freedman, Lawrence and Gamba, Virginia: <i>Señales de Guerra.</i> Javier Vergara Editor, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/950-15-1112-X" title="Special:BookSources/950-15-1112-X">950-15-1112-X</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInsight_Team_Sunday_Times1982" class="citation book cs1">Insight Team Sunday Times (1982). <i>War in the Falklands: the Full Story</i>. The Sunday Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+in+the+Falklands%3A+the+Full+Story&rft.pub=The+Sunday+Times&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Insight+Team+Sunday+Times&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+South+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Horacio A. Mayorga: <i> No Vencidos</i>. Ed. Planeta, Buenos Aires, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/950-742-976-X" title="Special:BookSources/950-742-976-X">950-742-976-X</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Falklands_War2978" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Falklands_War" title="Template:Falklands War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Falklands_War" title="Template talk:Falklands War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Falklands_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Falklands War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Falklands_War2978" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Timeline</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_sovereignty_dispute" title="Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute">Background</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Events_leading_to_the_Falklands_War" title="Events leading to the Falklands War">Causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_invasion_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands">Invasion of the Falklands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Invasion of South Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Occupation of the Falkland Islands">Occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_Exclusion_Zone" title="Total Exclusion Zone">Total Exclusion Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_surrender_in_the_Falklands_War" title="Argentine surrender in the Falklands War">Surrender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_ARA_General_Belgrano" title="Sinking of the ARA General Belgrano">Sinking of the ARA <i>General Belgrano</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Carlos_(1982)" title="Battle of San Carlos (1982)">San Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goose_Green" title="Battle of Goose Green">Goose Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirmish_at_Many_Branch_Point" title="Skirmish at Many Branch Point">Many Branch Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Harriet" title="Battle of Mount Harriet">Mount Harriet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Longdon" title="Battle of Mount Longdon">Mount Longdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Tumbledown" title="Battle of Mount Tumbledown">Mount Tumbledown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirmish_at_Top_Malo_House" title="Skirmish at Top Malo House">Top Malo House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Two_Sisters" title="Battle of Two Sisters">Two Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wireless_Ridge" title="Battle of Wireless Ridge">Wireless Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seal_Cove" title="Battle of Seal Cove">Seal Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_on_Mount_Kent,_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault on Mount Kent, Falkland Islands">Mount Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluff_Cove_air_attacks" title="Bluff Cove air attacks">Bluff Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Cortley_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Cortley Ridge">Cortley Ridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Algeciras" title="Operation Algeciras"><i>Algeciras</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Black_Buck" title="Operation Black Buck"><i>Black Buck</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corporate" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Corporate"><i>Corporate</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Keyhole" title="Operation Keyhole"><i>Keyhole</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Paraquet" title="Operation Paraquet"><i>Paraquet</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rosario" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Rosario"><i>Rosario</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sutton" title="Operation Sutton"><i>Sutton</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mikado" title="Operation Mikado"><i>Mikado</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Argentine:</b> <a href="/wiki/Argentine_air_forces_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine air forces in the Falklands War">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_ground_forces_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine ground forces in the Falklands War">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_naval_forces_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine naval forces in the Falklands War">Naval</a></li> <li><b>British:</b> <a href="/wiki/British_air_services_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="British air services in the Falklands War">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_ground_forces_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="British ground forces in the Falklands War">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_naval_forces_in_the_Falklands_War" class="mw-redirect" title="British naval forces in the Falklands War">Naval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_Defence_Force" title="Falkland Islands Defence Force">Falkland Islands Defence Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Argentine:</b> <a href="/wiki/ARA_General_Belgrano" title="ARA General Belgrano">ARA <i>General Belgrano</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARA_Alf%C3%A9rez_Sobral" title="ARA Alférez Sobral">ARA <i>Alférez Sobral</i></a></li> <li><b>British:</b> <a href="/wiki/HMS_Sheffield_(D80)" title="HMS Sheffield (D80)">HMS <i>Sheffield</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Antelope_(F170)" title="HMS Antelope (F170)">HMS <i>Antelope</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ardent_(F184)" title="HMS Ardent (F184)">HMS <i>Ardent</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Arrow_(F173)" title="HMS Arrow (F173)">HMS <i>Arrow</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Coventry_(D118)" title="HMS Coventry (D118)">HMS <i>Coventry</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Glamorgan_(D19)" title="HMS Glamorgan (D19)">HMS <i>Glamorgan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFA_Sir_Galahad_(1966)" title="RFA Sir Galahad (1966)">RFA <i>Sir Galahad</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Atlantic_Conveyor" title="SS Atlantic Conveyor">SS <i>Atlantic Conveyor</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Falklands_War" title="Aftermath of the Falklands War">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Military_Cemetery" title="Argentine Military Cemetery">Argentine cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beach_Military_Cemetery_at_San_Carlos" title="Blue Beach Military Cemetery at San Carlos">British cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_logistics_in_the_Falklands_War" title="British logistics in the Falklands War">British logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_nuclear_weapons_and_the_Falklands_War" title="British nuclear weapons and the Falklands War">British nuclear weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_impact_of_the_Falklands_War" title="Cultural impact of the Falklands War">Cultural impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_mines_in_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Land mines in the Falkland Islands">Land mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Liberation_Memorial" title="1982 Liberation Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yomp" title="Yomp">Yomp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands425" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Template:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Template talk:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands425" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span data-sort-value="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="375" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capital: <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_Point" title="King Edward Point">King Edward Point</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Coat of arms of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_for_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Commissioner for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="History of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Georgians" title="List of South Georgians">List of South Georgians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Paraquet" title="Operation Paraquet">Operation "Paraquet"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Public holidays in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Public holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toothfish_Day" title="Toothfish Day">Toothfish Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_Museum" title="South Georgia Museum">South Georgia Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.gs" title=".gs">.gs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands_sovereignty_dispute" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands sovereignty dispute">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Invasion of South Georgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settlements / Whaling stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Island,_South_Georgia" title="Bird Island, South Georgia">Bird Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grytviken" title="Grytviken">Grytviken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godthul" title="Godthul">Godthul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husvik" title="Husvik">Husvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Edward_Point" title="King Edward Point">King Edward Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith_Harbour" title="Leith Harbour">Leith Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Harbour" title="Ocean Harbour">Ocean Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Olav_Harbour" title="Prince Olav Harbour">Prince Olav Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stromness,_South_Georgia" title="Stromness, South Georgia">Stromness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbeta_Uruguay_base" title="Corbeta Uruguay base">Corbeta Uruguay base</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Georgia islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annenkov_Island" title="Annenkov Island">Annenkov Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Island,_South_Georgia" title="Bird Island, South Georgia">Bird Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rock,_South_Georgia" title="Black Rock, South Georgia">Black Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rocks,_South_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Rocks, South Georgia">Black Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerke_Rocks" title="Clerke Rocks">Clerke Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Island_(South_Georgia)" title="Cooper Island (South Georgia)">Cooper Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_Island,_South_Georgia" title="Grass Island, South Georgia">Grass Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grassholm,_South_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Grassholm, South Georgia">Grassholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupriyanov_Islands" title="Kupriyanov Islands">Kupriyanov Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickersgill_Islands" title="Pickersgill Islands">Pickersgill Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prion_Island" title="Prion Island">Prion Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_Island,_South_Georgia" title="Saddle Island, South Georgia">Saddle Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shag_Rocks_(South_Georgia)" title="Shag Rocks (South Georgia)">Shag Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="South Georgia Island">South Georgia Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welcome_Islands" title="Welcome Islands">Welcome Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Islands" title="Willis Islands">Willis Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Sandwich Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Island" title="Bristol Island">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montagu_Island" title="Montagu Island">Montagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunders_Island,_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Saunders Island, South Sandwich Islands">Saunders</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Candlemas_Islands21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Candlemas_Islands" title="Candlemas Islands">Candlemas Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candlemas_Island" title="Candlemas Island">Candlemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vindication_Island" title="Vindication Island">Vindication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traversay_Islands" title="Traversay Islands">Traversay Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leskov_Island" title="Leskov Island">Leskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visokoi_Island" title="Visokoi Island">Visokoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zavodovski_Island" title="Zavodovski Island">Zavodovski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Thule" title="Southern Thule">Southern Thule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Island" title="Bellingshausen Island">Bellingshausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Island,_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Cook Island, South Sandwich Islands">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thule_Island" title="Thule Island">Thule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seamounts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protector_Shoal" title="Protector Shoal">Protector Shoal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemp_Caldera" title="Kemp Caldera">Kemp Caldera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_Peak" title="Admiralty Peak">Admiralty Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allardyce_Range" title="Allardyce Range">Allardyce Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barff_Peninsula" title="Barff Peninsula">Barff Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortuna_Glacier" title="Fortuna Glacier">Fortuna Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Harbour" title="Gold Harbour">Gold Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larsen_Harbour" title="Larsen Harbour">Larsen Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Baume" title="Mount Baume">Mount Baume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Belinda" title="Mount Belinda">Mount Belinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Cunningham" title="Mount Cunningham">Mount Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Paget" title="Mount Paget">Mount Paget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Roots" title="Mount Roots">Mount Roots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_Peak" title="Orca Peak">Orca Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggotty_Bluff" class="mw-redirect" title="Peggotty Bluff">Peggotty Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_Plain,_South_Georgia" title="Salisbury Plain, South Georgia">Salisbury Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvesen_Range" title="Salvesen Range">Salvesen Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Thule" title="Southern Thule">Southern Thule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatcher_Peninsula" title="Thatcher Peninsula">Thatcher Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Isles" title="Bay of Isles">Bay of Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stromness_Bay,_South_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Stromness Bay, South Georgia">Stromness Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Bay" title="Cumberland Bay">Cumberland Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Possession_Bay" title="Possession Bay">Possession Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busen_Point" title="Busen Point">Busen Point</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&params=54_17_6.86_S_36_29_56.62_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°17′6.86″S</span> <span class="longitude">36°29′56.62″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.2852389°S 36.4990611°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-54.2852389; -36.4990611</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&oldid=1272784865">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_South_Georgia&oldid=1272784865</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1982_in_the_Falkland_Islands_Dependencies" title="Category:1982 in the Falkland Islands Dependencies">1982 in the Falkland Islands Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Amphibious_operations_involving_Argentina" title="Category:Amphibious operations involving Argentina">Amphibious operations involving Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:April_1982_in_South_America" title="Category:April 1982 in South America">April 1982 in South America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_1982" title="Category:Conflicts in 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