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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Labours of the Months</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22">"Labours of the Months"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Labours+of+the+Months%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg/300px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="487" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg/450px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg/600px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="2526" /></a><figcaption>August from the <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry" title="Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry">Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry</a>, 1412-16, by the <a href="/wiki/Limbourg_brothers" title="Limbourg brothers">Limbourg brothers</a>; the court <a href="/wiki/Falconry" title="Falconry">hunt with falcons</a> and behind harvesting. The Duc's castle at <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tampes" title="Étampes">Étampes</a> is at the rear. 22,5 x 13,6 cm</figcaption></figure> <p>The term <b>Labours of the Months</b> refers to cycles in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_art" title="Medieval art">Medieval</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_art" title="Renaissance art">Renaissance art</a> depicting in twelve scenes the rural activities that commonly took place in the months of the year. They are often linked to the signs of the <a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">Zodiac</a>, and are seen as humankind's response to God's ordering of the Universe. </p><p>The Labours of the Months are frequently found as part of large sculptural schemes on churches, and in <a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">illuminated manuscripts</a>, especially in the calendars of late medieval <a href="/wiki/Book_of_hours" title="Book of hours">Books of Hours</a>. The manuscripts are important for the development of <a href="/wiki/Landscape_painting" title="Landscape painting">landscape painting</a>, containing most of the first painting where this was given prominence. The most famous cycle is that painted in the early 15th century by the <a href="/wiki/Limbourg_brothers" title="Limbourg brothers">Limbourg brothers</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry" title="Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry">Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry</a></i>. In the early 16th century, long after the genre was established, the miniaturist <a href="/wiki/Simon_Bening" title="Simon Bening">Simon Bening</a> produced cycles which link the Limbourgs with the landscape paintings of <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder" title="Pieter Bruegel the Elder">Pieter Bruegel the Elder</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typical_cycle">Typical cycle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Typical cycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_(late_15th_C),_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg/220px-Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg/330px-Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg/440px-Agricultural_labours_-_Livre_des_profits_ruraux_%28late_15th_C%29%2C_f.305_-_BL_Add_MS_19720.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1346" data-file-height="1434" /></a><figcaption>Untypically, this illustration to <a href="/wiki/Pietro_de%27_Crescenzi" title="Pietro de' Crescenzi">Pietro de' Crescenzi</a>'s farming manual shows all 12 labours, French, late 15th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>The contents of cycles varied with date, location, and the purpose of the work. The <i>Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry</i> <small>(illustrated right)</small> was designed for the personal use of <a href="/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Berry" title="John, Duke of Berry">John, Duke of Berry</a> (d. 1416), French prince and magnate, and was unusually large, allowing all the typical elements to be used in many months. It combines astrological and calendar information at the top, with a combination of the agricultural life of the peasant, the life of the courtiers, and illustrations of the Duke's many castles in the background of several scenes. </p><p>A typical simple scheme was:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>January - Feasting</li> <li>February - Sitting by the fire</li> <li>March - Pruning trees, or digging</li> <li>April - Planting, enjoying the country or picking flowers</li> <li>May - Hawking, boating, courtly love</li> <li>June - Hay harvest</li> <li>July - Wheat harvest</li> <li>August - Wheat threshing</li> <li>September - Grape harvest</li> <li>October - Ploughing or sowing</li> <li>November - Gathering acorns for pigs</li> <li>December - Killing pigs, baking</li></ul> <p>However, there could be many other variations than the above, especially in major wine-growing areas, where more wine related scenes were included. In manuscript cycles, hunting scenes may appear at most times of the year. Italian cycles often advance the agricultural scenes a month earlier than the ones from the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a> or England. A few cycles show (usually for April or May) scenes including <a href="/wiki/Medieval_garden" title="Medieval garden">medieval gardens</a>. The impact of the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Little_Ice_Age" title="Little Ice Age">Little Ice Age</a> has been detected in differences between early and late examples. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sculpture_cycles">Sculpture cycles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sculpture cycles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg/250px-Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg/375px-Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg/500px-Perugia_-_Fontana_Maggiore_-_1_-_Mesi_-_09_-_Settembre_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_5_ago_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The Month of September from the <a href="/wiki/Fontana_Maggiore" title="Fontana Maggiore">Fontana Maggiore</a> in <a href="/wiki/Perugia" title="Perugia">Perugia</a> (c. 1275), by <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Pisano" title="Nicola Pisano">Nicola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pisano" title="Giovanni Pisano">Giovanni Pisano</a>, shows the treading of grapes.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg/220px-Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg/330px-Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg/440px-Faltkalender_mit_Monatsbildern.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1584" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption>Set of single figure images, German c. 1400</figcaption></figure> <p>Most sculptured cycles in Europe, especially when compressed into the <a href="/wiki/Archivolt" title="Archivolt">archivolt</a> of a portal, consist of an astrological symbol beside, above or incorporated in a sculpture or relief illustrating a monthly labour. </p><p>A few sculpted examples of the many surviving are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chartres_cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Chartres cathedral">Chartres cathedral</a>: west and north portal archivolts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Notre Dame, Paris">Notre Dame, Paris</a>: northern doorjambs of the west façade (Portal of the Virgin), and a stained glass Zodiacs, labours, vices and virtues cycle filling the west rose window</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_la_Madaleine,_V%C3%A9zelay" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of la Madaleine, Vézelay">Vezelay Abbey</a>: Archivolt of main west basilica doorway</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autun_Cathedral" title="Autun Cathedral">Autun Cathedral</a>: Archivolt of main west cathedral doorway</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrara_Cathedral" title="Ferrara Cathedral">Ferrara Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Mark%27s,_Venice" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Mark's, Venice">Saint Mark's, Venice</a>: main portal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Zeno_di_Verona" class="mw-redirect" title="San Zeno di Verona">San Zeno di Verona</a>: façade</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucca_Cathedral" title="Lucca Cathedral">Lucca Cathedral</a>: large bas-relief panels with little Zodial signs, to the right and left of the main facade door</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_Maggiore" title="Fontana Maggiore">Fontana Maggiore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perugia" title="Perugia">Perugia</a>: relief panels showing monthly labours are amongst those surrounding the lower basin of the great fountain in front of the Duomo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otranto_Cathedral" title="Otranto Cathedral">Otranto Cathedral</a>: Zodiac signs and labours form part of the mosaic scenes which cover the entire floor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>: Zodiac signs and monthly labours are amongst the subjects illustrated in large inlaid marble floor medallions on the edge of the Trinity Chapel close to where the shrine of Saint Thomas (Becket) was located</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Augustine%27s_Church,_Brookland" title="St Augustine's Church, Brookland">St Augustine's Church, Brookland</a>, Kent: large cylindrical lead font with reliefs of both Zodiac signs and monthly labours—a rare example in the UK both of such a font and of the combination of zodiac signs and monthly labours</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Cathedral" title="Carlisle Cathedral">Carlisle Cathedral</a>: the foliate capitals of the twelve piers of the choir each contain a figure representing one of the labours of the months</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stained_glass">Stained glass</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Stained glass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG/250px-Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG/375px-Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG/500px-Chartres_cathedral_041_Seasons_Dec_Jan_Feb.JPG 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Chartres Cathedral, the months of December, January and February</figcaption></figure> <p>The Labours of the months often occur in those <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose windows</a> that are dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Genesis_creation_myth" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesis creation myth">Creation</a>, the circular nature of the window suiting the cyclic theme. In these windows, the months are part of a complex iconographical scheme. Other windows have the Labours of the Months specifically as their subject matter. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Saint Denis">Basilica of Saint Denis</a> : rose window of Creation in the north transept.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartres_Cathedral" title="Chartres Cathedral">Chartres Cathedral</a> : "Labours of the Months" window in south ambulatory</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Calkins, Robert G. <i>Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages</i>, mp 246, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1983</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Time in the Medieval World - Occupations of the Months and Signs of the Zodiac in the Index of Christian Art; Edited by Colum Hourihane - 328 pages | 656 illustrations | 2006 - <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9768202-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9768202-2-2">978-0-9768202-2-2</a> | cloth - <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9768202-3-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9768202-3-9">978-0-9768202-3-9</a> | paper</li> <li>J. C. Webster, The Labors of the Months in Antique and Mediaeval Art to the End of the Twelfth Century (Princeton, 1938).</li> <li>Bridget Ann Henisch, The Medieval Calendar Year (Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, 1999).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labours_of_the_Months&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Labors_of_the_months" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Labors of the months">Labors of the months</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928034244/http://www.podtours.co.uk/Laboursofmonths.htm">Podtours site with info and many images</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kb.nl/en/themes/middle-ages/highlights-from-medieval-manuscripts">Illuminated manuscript examples from the Museum of the Book, The Hague</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904093320/https://www.kb.nl/en/themes/middle-ages/highlights-from-medieval-manuscripts">Archived</a> 2015-09-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paradoxplace.com/Church_Stuff/Zodiacs_and_Labours.htm">Photos of Zodiac and Monthly Labour Imagery in the churches of Britain, France and Italy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080704191703/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/reference/zodiacs-and-labors-of-months.htm">The Medieval Year: Zodiac Signs and the Labors of the Months</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/949209@N23/pool/">A comprehensive collection of images at „flickr“</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904180024/http://openn.library.upenn.edu/Data/LJSchoenbergManuscripts/html/ljs449.html">Digitized copy of LJS 499, Medical and astronomical miscellany, 15th Century Germany, from the Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Rare Book & Manuscript Library</a>: Contains zodiac signs and labors of the month.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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