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href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Human resources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Subsidiaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure_and_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure_and_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Infrastructure and operations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure_and_operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure and operations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure_and_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rolling_stock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rolling_stock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Rolling stock </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rolling_stock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tracks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tracks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Tracks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tracks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Signaling_and_communication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Signaling_and_communication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Signaling and communication </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Signaling_and_communication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Stations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Passenger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passenger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Passenger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passenger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Travel_classes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travel_classes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Travel classes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Travel_classes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Passenger_trains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passenger_trains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Passenger trains </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passenger_trains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High-speed_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-speed_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.3 High-speed rail </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-speed_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mountain_railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountain_railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.4 Mountain railways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountain_railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suburban_and_metro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suburban_and_metro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.5 Suburban and metro </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suburban_and_metro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.6 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ticketing_and_fares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ticketing_and_fares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.7 Ticketing and fares </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ticketing_and_fares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Freight </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Accidents and incidents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Indian Railways</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" > 39 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سكك الحديد الهندية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سكك الحديد الهندية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E2%80%99%E0%A6%B2" title="ভাৰতীয় ৰে’ল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাৰতীয় ৰে’ল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="ভারতীয় রেল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতীয় রেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="भारतीय रेल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भारतीय रेल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="راه‌آهن هند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راه‌آهن هند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2" title="ભારતીય રેલ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભારતીય રેલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiecheo_Rail_Marog" title="Indiecheo Rail Marog – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Indiecheo Rail Marog" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%8F%84_%EC%B2%A0%EB%8F%84" title="인도 철도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인도 철도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="भारतीय रेल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारतीय रेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%86" title="ಭಾರತೀಯ ರೈಲ್ವೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭಾರತೀಯ ರೈಲ್ವೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="भारतीय रेल – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भारतीय रेल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87" title="ഇന്ത്യൻ റെയിൽവേ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്ത്യൻ റെയിൽവേ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87" title="भारतीय रेल्वे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भारतीय रेल्वे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="भारतीय रेल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भारतीय रेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E9%89%84%E9%81%93" title="インド鉄道 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インド鉄道" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Indian Railways" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87" title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਰੇਲਵੇ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਰੇਲਵੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DB%92" title="بھارتی ریلوے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارتی ریلوے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrovias_Indianas" title="Ferrovias Indianas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ferrovias Indianas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Indian Railways" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Government of India statutory body</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the government agency. For general information on railways in India, see <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Rail transport in India</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Indian Railways</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Railways.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Indian_Railways.svg/120px-Indian_Railways.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Indian_Railways.svg/180px-Indian_Railways.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Indian_Railways.svg/240px-Indian_Railways.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="315" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of the Indian Railways</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg/300px-Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg/450px-Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg/600px-Rail_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2322" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Rail_Bhawan" title="Rail Bhawan">Rail Bhawan</a>, the headquarters of Indian Railways at New Delhi.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Indian Railways</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">Statutory Body</a> <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprise</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Rail transport</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">12 September 1837 (187 years ago) (1837-09-12)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Rail_Bhawan" title="Rail Bhawan">Rail Bhawan</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashwini_Vaishnaw" title="Ashwini Vaishnaw">Ashwini Vaishnaw</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Minister for Railways</a>)</li><li>Satish Kumar, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Service_of_Mechanical_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers">IRSME</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Railway_Board" title="Chairperson of the Railway Board">Chairperson and CEO</a>)<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Passenger_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger railway">Passenger railway</a> <a href="/wiki/Rail_freight_transport" title="Rail freight transport">Rail freight transport</a> <a href="/wiki/Parcel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Parcel carrier">Parcel carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a> <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a> <a href="/wiki/Parking_lot" title="Parking lot">Parking lot</a> operations Other related services</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> ₹256,000 crore (US$31 billion)<a href="#cite_note-Fin-2">[2]</a> (2023-24)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">~<img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> ₹4,761 crore (US$570 million)<a href="#cite_note-Fin-2">[2]</a> (2023-24)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> (100%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,212,882<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> With 29,719 km (18,467 mi) of the lines having two or more tracks, total running track length was 106,493 km (66,172 mi), while total trackage (including sidings) was 132,310 km (82,210 mi).<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> (31 March 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">17 operational and 1 non-operational zones</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Central_Railway_zone" title="Central Railway zone">Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Western_Railway_zone" title="Western Railway zone">Western Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Railway_zone" title="Eastern Railway zone">Eastern Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="North Eastern Railway zone">North Eastern Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="South Eastern Railway zone">South Eastern Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Frontier_Railway_zone" title="Northeast Frontier Railway zone">Northeast Frontier Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Railway_zone" title="South Central Railway zone">South Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Railway,_Kolkata" title="Metro Railway, Kolkata">Metro Railway, Kolkata</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/East_Central_Railway_zone" title="East Central Railway zone">East Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/South_East_Central_Railway_zone" title="South East Central Railway zone">South East Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_Railway_zone" title="East Coast Railway zone">East Coast Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone" title="North Central Railway zone">North Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Railway_zone" title="South Western Railway zone">South Western Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/West_Central_Railway_zone" title="West Central Railway zone">West Central Railway</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_Railway_zone" title="South Coast Railway zone">South Coast Railway</a> [Yet to be operational]</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Braithwaite_%26_Co." title="Braithwaite & Co.">Braithwaite and Company</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Container_Corporation_of_India" title="Container Corporation of India">Container Corporation of India</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Railway_Information_Systems" title="Centre for Railway Information Systems">Centre for Railway Information Systems</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Railway_Electrification" title="Central Organisation for Railway Electrification">Central Organisation for Railway Electrification</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Bhartiya_Rail_Bijlee_Company_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Company Limited">Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Company Limited</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Catering_and_Tourism_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation">Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Finance_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Finance Corporation">Indian Railway Finance Corporation</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Ircon_International" title="Ircon International">Ircon International</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">Konkan Railway Corporation</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Railway_Vikas_Corporation" title="Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation">Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/National_High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_Limited" title="National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited">National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Pipavav Railway Corporation Limited </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Rail_India_Technical_and_Economic_Service" title="Rail India Technical and Economic Service">Rail India Technical and Economic Service</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Rail_Vikas_Nigam" title="Rail Vikas Nigam">Rail Vikas Nigam</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/RailTel" title="RailTel">RailTel</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Technical</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Line length</th><td class="infobox-data">68,584<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> km (42,616 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Track length</th><td class="infobox-data">132,310<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> km (82,210 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway">1,676 mm</a> (5 ft 6 in) <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">1,000 mm</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) <a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways">762 mm</a> (2 ft 6 in) <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">610 mm</a> (2 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification" title="Railway electrification">Electrification</a></th><td class="infobox-data">64,080 km (39,820 mi)<a href="#cite_note-RE-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Indian Railways is a <a href="/wiki/Statutory_body" title="Statutory body">statutory body</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Ownership" title="Ownership">ownership</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> that operates India's national railway system. As of 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, it manages the fourth <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_rail_transport_network_size" title="List of countries by rail transport network size">largest national railway system</a> by size with a track length of 132,310 km (82,210 mi), running track length of 106,493 km (66,172 mi) and route length of 68,584 km (42,616 mi). As of August 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, 96.59% of the broad-gauge network is <a href="/wiki/Railway_electric_traction" title="Railway electric traction">electrified</a>. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_by_employees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies by employees">ninth-largest employer</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_employers_in_India" title="List of largest employers in India">India's second largest employer</a>. In 1951, the Indian Railways was established by the amalgamation of 42 different railway companies operating in the country, spanning a total of 55,000 km (34,000 mi). The railway network across the country was reorganized into six regional zones in 1951–52 for administrative purposes, which was gradually expanded to 18 zones over the years. The first <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam</a> operated railway operated in 1837 in <a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a> with the first passenger operating in 1853 between <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thane" title="Thane">Thane</a>. In 1925, the first <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric train</a> ran in Bombay on <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a> traction. The first locomotive manufacturing unit was commissioned in 1950 at <a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Locomotive_Works" title="Chittaranjan Locomotive Works">Chittaranjan</a> with the first coach manufacturing unit set-up at <a href="/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Madras</a> in 1955. Indian Railways runs various classes of <a href="/wiki/Express_trains_in_India" title="Express trains in India">express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Passenger_train" title="Passenger train">passengers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suburban_rail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban rail in India">suburban</a> trains. In 2018–19, it operated 13,523 trains on average daily covering 7,325 stations and carried 8.44 billion passengers. Indian Railways also operates different classes of <a href="/wiki/Rail_freight_transport" title="Rail freight transport">rail freight transport</a>. In 2022–23, it operated 8,479 trains on average daily and transported 1418.1 million tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Freight" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight">freight</a>. Indian Railways operates multiple classes of <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a>, manufactured by self-owned <a href="/wiki/Coach_(rail)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coach (rail)">coach-production</a> facilities. As of March 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, Indian Railways' <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a> consisted of 318,196 <a href="/wiki/Freight_rail_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight rail transport">freight wagons</a> and 84,863 <a href="/wiki/Passenger_car_(rail)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger car (rail)">passenger coaches</a>. As of December 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, Indian Railways had 10,238 <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric</a> and 4,543 <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">diesel locomotives</a> amongst others. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India#History" title="Rail transport in India">Rail transport in India § History</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1832–1899">1832–1899</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1832–1899">edit</a>]</div> In 1832 the proposal to construct the first railway line in India at <a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a> was made.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> In 1835, a <a href="/wiki/Railway_track" title="Railway track">railway track</a> was constructed between <a href="/wiki/Red_Hills,_Chennai" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hills, Chennai">Red Hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chintadripet" title="Chintadripet">Chintadripet</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Madras</a> and became operational in 1837. It was hauled by a <a href="/wiki/Rotary_engine" title="Rotary engine">rotary steam engine</a> imported from <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and was used for ferrying <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FR-7">[7]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg/220px-Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg/330px-Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg/440px-Tanna_Railway_Viaduct.jpg 2x" data-file-width="623" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>The railway viaduct near Thane in 1855</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IndianRailways1871b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/IndianRailways1871b.jpg/180px-IndianRailways1871b.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/IndianRailways1871b.jpg/270px-IndianRailways1871b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/IndianRailways1871b.jpg/360px-IndianRailways1871b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1018" data-file-height="1331" /></a><figcaption>Railway map of India in 1871</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Madras_Railway" title="Madras Railway">Madras Railway</a> was established in 1845 and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Indian_Peninsular_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Indian Peninsular Railway">Great Indian Peninsular Railway</a> was incorporated in 1849.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> Temporary railway lines were built such as the railway line at <a href="/wiki/Dowleswaram" title="Dowleswaram">Dowleswaram</a> built at by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cotton" title="Arthur Cotton">Arthur Cotton</a> to supply stone for the construction of a dam over the <a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari River</a> in 1845 and the Solani aqueduct railway, built by <a href="/wiki/Proby_Cautley" title="Proby Cautley">Proby Cautley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roorkee" title="Roorkee">Roorkee</a> to transport construction materials for an <a href="/wiki/Aqueduct_(bridge)" title="Aqueduct (bridge)">aqueduct</a> over the Solani river in 1851.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> In 1852, a <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam locomotive</a> imported from England was tried at <a href="/wiki/Byculla" title="Byculla">Byculla</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Locoh-8">[8]</a> In 1853, the first passenger train on <a href="/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway">1,676 mm</a> (5 ft 6 in) <a href="/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">broad gauge</a> ran for 34 kilometres (21 mi) between <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thane" title="Thane">Thane</a> which had 14-carriages carrying 400 people, hauled by three steam locomotives: the Sahib, Sindh and Sultan.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> The Thane viaducts, the first <a href="/wiki/Railway_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway bridge">railway bridges</a>, were built over the <a href="/wiki/Thane_creek" class="mw-redirect" title="Thane creek">Thane creek</a> when the Mumbai-Thane line was extended to <a href="/wiki/Kalyan" title="Kalyan">Kalyan</a> in May 1854. Eastern India's first passenger train ran 39 km (24 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Howrah" title="Howrah">Howrah</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Hugli-Chinsura" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugli-Chinsura">Hoogly</a> on 15 August 1854.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> The construction on the first main line in the South between <a href="/wiki/Royapuram" title="Royapuram">Royapuram</a> in Madras and <a href="/wiki/Arcot" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcot">Arcot</a> started in 1853, which became operational on 1 July 1856.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> On 24 February 1873, a <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horse-drawn</a> 3.8 km (2.4 mi) <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tram</a> opened in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> between <a href="/wiki/Sealdah" title="Sealdah">Sealdah</a> and Armenian Ghat street.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> On 9 May 1874, a horse-drawn tramway began operation in Bombay between <a href="/wiki/Colaba" title="Colaba">Colaba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parel" title="Parel">Parel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In 1879, the <a href="/wiki/Nizam%27s_Guaranteed_State_Railway" title="Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway">Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway</a> was established which built railway lines across the then <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_State" title="Hyderabad State">Hyderabad State</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kachiguda_Railway_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Kachiguda Railway Station">Kachiguda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 1877, an <a href="/wiki/Ajmer" title="Ajmer">Ajmer</a> built <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Steam_Locomotive_Class_F1" title="Finnish Steam Locomotive Class F1">F-1/734 Steam Locomotive</a> became the first indigenously built locomotive in India.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 1897, lighting in passenger coaches was introduced with Jodhpur Railway, the first to introduce electric lighting as standard fixtures.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900–1999">1900–1999</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1900–1999">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India_railways1909a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_railways1909a.jpg/220px-India_railways1909a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_railways1909a.jpg/330px-India_railways1909a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_railways1909a.jpg/440px-India_railways1909a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1322" data-file-height="1103" /></a><figcaption>Railway map of India in 1909</figcaption></figure> The first <a href="/wiki/Railway_budget_of_India" title="Railway budget of India">railway budget</a> was presented in 1924.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> On 3 February 1925, the first <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric train</a> ran between Bombay and <a href="/wiki/Kurla" title="Kurla">Kurla</a>, hauled by a <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Locomotive_and_Machine_Works" title="Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works">SLM</a> <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric locomotive</a> on <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a> traction.<a href="#cite_note-EL-16">[16]</a> In 1925, the first <a href="/wiki/Electric_Multiple_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Multiple Units">Electric Multiple Units</a> (EMU) were introduced in Bombay with <a href="/wiki/1500_V_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="1500 V DC">1500 V DC</a> units imported were from <a href="/wiki/Cammell_Laird" title="Cammell Laird">Cammell Laird</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duewag" title="Duewag">Uerdingenwagonfabrik</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EL1-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chennai_Suburban_Railway" title="Chennai Suburban Railway">Chennai suburban railway</a> started operating in 1931 with a single <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge railway">metre gauge</a> line from <a href="/wiki/Chennai_Beach_railway_station" title="Chennai Beach railway station">Chennai Beach</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tambaram_railway_station" title="Tambaram railway station">Tambaram</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SR-18">[18]</a> In the period between 1925 and 1944, the management of the railway companies in the British presidencies and provinces were taken over by the Government.<a href="#cite_note-Zone-19">[19]</a> In 1950, there were about 42 different railway companies operating about 55,000 km (34,000 mi) tracks across the country.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAIR-21">[21]</a> These railway companies were amalgamated in steps to form a single entity named as Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In December 1950, the Central Advisory Committee for Railways approved the plan for re-organizing Indian Railways into six <a href="/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">regional zones</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern</a> (14 April 1951), <a href="/wiki/Central_Railway_zone" title="Central Railway zone">Central</a> (5 November 1951), and <a href="/wiki/Western_Railway_zone" title="Western Railway zone">Western</a> (5 November 1951) zones being the first to be created.<a href="#cite_note-NAIR-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zone-19">[19]</a> In 1952, fans and lights were mandated for all compartments in passenger trains and sleeping accommodations were introduced in coaches.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> The first <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">diesel locomotive</a> used in India was fabricated by <a href="/wiki/North_British_Locomotive_Company" title="North British Locomotive Company">North British Locomotive Company</a> in 1954.<a href="#cite_note-Gandhi-24">[24]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg/220px-Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg/330px-Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg/440px-Red-icf-coach-indian-railways.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>A typical red-colored <a href="/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coach</a> used by the Indian Railways till the late 1990s</figcaption></figure> The first locomotive manufacturing unit at <a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Locomotive_Works" title="Chittaranjan Locomotive Works">Chittaranjan</a> was commissioned in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-Chit-25">[25]</a> The first rail coaches were manufactured in India from 1956 when the <a href="/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory</a> was established at Madras.<a href="#cite_note-ICF-26">[26]</a> In 1956, the first <a href="/wiki/Air-conditioned" class="mw-redirect" title="Air-conditioned">air-conditioned</a> train plied between <a href="/wiki/Howrah_Junction_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Howrah Junction railway station">Howrah</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi_railway_station" title="New Delhi railway station">New Delhi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 1957, Indian Railways adopted <a href="/wiki/25_kV_AC_railway_electrification" title="25 kV AC railway electrification">25 kV AC</a> traction with the first runs beginning in December 1959 with the <a href="/wiki/Indian_locomotive_class_WAM-1" title="Indian locomotive class WAM-1">WAM-1</a> locomotives.<a href="#cite_note-EL1-17">[17]</a> The first <a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">containerized</a> <a href="/wiki/Freight_rail_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight rail transport">freight rail transport</a> began between Bombay and <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a> in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> In 1969, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> announced the introduction of a new express train capable of reaching speeds of up to 120 km/h (75 mph) in the <a href="/wiki/Railway_budget_of_India" title="Railway budget of India">railway budget</a> and the first Rajdhani Express was flagged off from New Delhi to Howrah in March 1969.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-29">[29]</a> In 1974, Indian Railways endured a 20-day <a href="/wiki/1974_railway_strike_in_India" title="1974 railway strike in India">strike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The first <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">metro rail</a> was introduced in Calcutta on 24 October 1984.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced.<a href="#cite_note-IT-33">[33]</a> In 1988, the first <a href="/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a> was introduced between New Delhi and <a href="/wiki/Jhansi_Junction_railway_station" title="Jhansi Junction railway station">Jhansi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> Two years later, the first self-printing ticket machine (SPTM) was introduced in Delhi.<a href="#cite_note-SF-34">[34]</a> In 1993, air-conditioned three-tier and <a href="/wiki/Sleeping_car" title="Sleeping car">sleeper</a> were introduced.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> In 1995, <a href="/wiki/Chennai_MRTS" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennai MRTS">Chennai MRTS</a> became the first operational elevated railway line in India.<a href="#cite_note-SR-18">[18]</a> Centralized computer reservation system was deployed in Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai in September 1996, coupon validating machines (CVMs) were introduced at <a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati_Shivaji_Terminus" title="Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus">Mumbai CSMT</a> in 1998 and the nationwide <a href="/wiki/Concierge" title="Concierge">concierge</a> system began operation on 18 April 1999.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–present">2000–present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2000–present">edit</a>]</div> The Indian Railways website went online in February 2000. <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Catering_and_Tourism_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation">Indian Railways Catering and Tourism Corporation</a> (IRCTC) was incorporated in 1999 and online ticketing was introduced on 3 August 2002 through IRCTC.<a href="#cite_note-IRCTC-35">[35]</a> In 2015, the first <a href="/wiki/Compressed_Natural_Gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Compressed Natural Gas">Compressed Natural Gas</a> (CNG) powered trains were rolled out.<a href="#cite_note-CNG-36">[36]</a> Since 1925, the Railway budget was presented before the <a href="/wiki/Union_budget_of_India" title="Union budget of India">Union budget</a> till 2016. The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">central government</a> approved the <a href="/wiki/Railway_budget_of_India" title="Railway budget of India">merger of the Rail and General budgets</a> from 2017.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> On 31 March 2017, Indian Railways announced a target of electrifying the entire rail network would be electrified by 2023.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In March 2020, Indian Railways announced a <a href="/wiki/2020_India_coronavirus_lockdown" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 India coronavirus lockdown">nationwide shutdown</a> of passenger service to combat the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India" title="COVID-19 pandemic in India">COVID-19 pandemic in India</a> with the freight operations continuing to transport essential goods.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The railways resumed passenger services in a phased manner in May 2020.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg/220px-Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg/330px-Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg/440px-Vande_Bharat_Express_around_Mumbai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="737" /></a><figcaption>Introduced in 2019, <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a> operating on a <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">train-set</a> built by <a href="/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">ICF</a>, is the fastest train in India</figcaption></figure> Starting in the 2010s, various infrastructure modernization projects have been undertaken including <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">high-speed rail</a>,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> redevelopment of 400 stations,<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <a href="/wiki/Double-track_railway" title="Double-track railway">doubling tracks</a> to reduce congestion,<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> refurbishing of coaches,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> (GPS)-enabled tracking of trains<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> and modernization of locomotives.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2018, a semi-high speed self-propelled <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">train-set</a> capable of reaching speeds of over 160 km/h (99 mph) was rolled out from ICF and the <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a> was launched in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-VB-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Indian Railways announced plans to become a net-zero carbon emission railway by 2030 and has implemented <a href="/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting#India" title="Rainwater harvesting">rainwater harvesting</a> at stations,<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Reforestation" title="Reforestation">reforestation</a> along the tracks,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> introduction of solar-powered trains,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> installation of <a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">solar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wind_power" title="Wind power">wind power</a> generation facilities,<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_lighting" title="Sustainable lighting">sustainable</a> <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LED</a> lighting at all the stations.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Indian railways removed all unstaffed level crossings by 2019 with staffed level crossings being replaced by bridges.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Other safety projects include the extension of an automated <a href="/wiki/Fire_alarm_system" title="Fire alarm system">fire alarm system</a> to all air-conditioned coaches and GPS-enabled <a href="/wiki/Inertial_navigation_system" title="Inertial navigation system">Fog Pilot Assistance System</a> <a href="/wiki/Railway_signalling" title="Railway signalling">railway signalling</a> devices.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In 2020, Indian Railways allowed the operation of private passenger trains for the first time with the first train flagged off from <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a> in June 2022.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Organisation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_organisational_structure" title="Indian Railways organisational structure">Indian Railways organisational structure</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure">Structure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Structure">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">Zones and divisions of Indian Railways</a></div> Indian Railways is a <a href="/wiki/Statutory_body" title="Statutory body">statutory body</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Ownership" title="Ownership">ownership</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> It is headed by a four-member <a href="/wiki/Railway_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway Board">Railway Board</a> whose <a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Railway_Board" title="Chairperson of the Railway Board">chairman</a> reports to the Ministry of Railways and act on behalf of the ministry.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The organisation is divided into separate verticals <a href="/wiki/Railway_electric_traction" title="Railway electric traction">traction</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway_engineering" title="Railway engineering">engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Traffic" title="Traffic">traffic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway_signalling" title="Railway signalling">signalling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Materials">materials</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_resources" title="Human resources">personnel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">RPF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">finance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a> and <a href="/wiki/Safety" title="Safety">safety</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ZR-65">[65]</a> Indian Railways is divided into 18 administrative zones (17 operational), headed by general managers which are further subdivided into 71 operating <a href="/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">divisions</a>, headed by divisional railway managers (DRM).<a href="#cite_note-ZR-65">[65]</a> The divisional officers of the respective operating verticals report to the DRMs and divisional heads and are tasked with the operation and maintenance of assets. Station masters control individual stations and train movements through their stations' territory.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> In addition, there are a number of <a href="/wiki/Factory" title="Factory">manufacturing units</a>, <a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">training establishments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Sector_Enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Sector Enterprises">PSUs</a> and other undertakings under the purview of the Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-ZR-65">[65]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 80%"> <caption>Indian Railway zones </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Zone </th> <th>Code </th> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>HQ </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Estd. </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a> </td> <td>1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_Railway_zone" title="Central Railway zone">Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_CSMT" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai CSMT">Mumbai CSMT</a> </td> <td>1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_Railway_zone" title="Western Railway zone">Western</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> <a href="/wiki/Churchgate_railway_station" title="Churchgate railway station">Churchgate</a> </td> <td>1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Railway_zone" title="Eastern Railway zone">Eastern</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ER </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> </td> <td>1952 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> </td> <td>1952 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="North Eastern Railway zone">North East</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NER </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur" title="Gorakhpur">Gorakhpur</a> </td> <td>1952 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 80%"> <caption>Indian Railway zones </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Zone </th> <th>Code </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">HQ </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Estd. </th></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="South Eastern Railway zone">South East</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SER </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> </td> <td>1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Frontier_Railway_zone" title="Northeast Frontier Railway zone">Northeast Frontier</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NFR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a> </td> <td>1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Railway_zone" title="South Central Railway zone">South Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SCR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secunderabad" title="Secunderabad">Secunderabad</a> </td> <td>1966 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Metro" title="Kolkata Metro">Kolkata Metro</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> </td> <td>1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Central_Railway_zone" title="East Central Railway zone">East Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ECR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hajipur" title="Hajipur">Hajipur</a> </td> <td>1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_East_Central_Railway_zone" title="South East Central Railway zone">South East Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SECR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bilaspur,_Chhattisgarh" title="Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh">Bilaspur</a> </td> <td>1998 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 80%"> <caption>Indian Railway zones </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Zone </th> <th>Code </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">HQ </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Estd. </th></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NWR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a> </td> <td>2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_Railway_zone" title="East Coast Railway zone">East Coast</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ECoR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a> </td> <td>2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone" title="North Central Railway zone">North Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NCR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a> </td> <td>2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Railway_zone" title="South Western Railway zone">South Western</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SWR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hubli" title="Hubli">Hubli</a> </td> <td>2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Central_Railway_zone" title="West Central Railway zone">West Central</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WCR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jabalpur" title="Jabalpur">Jabalpur</a> </td> <td>2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_Railway_zone" title="South Coast Railway zone">South Coast</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SCoR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam" title="Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a> </td> <td>TBD </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_resources">Human resources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Human resources">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Management_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Railways Management Service">Indian Railways Management Service</a> and <a href="/wiki/Railway_Recruitment_Control_Board" title="Railway Recruitment Control Board">Railway Recruitment Control Board</a></div> Staff are classified into gazetted (Groups A and B) and non-gazetted (Groups C and D) employees with gazetted employees carrying out executive/managerial level tasks.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> As of March 2023, Groups A & B constitute 1.5% of the total workforce, while Group C & D account for 98.5%.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> 80% of Group-A employees are recruited through <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Management_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Railways Management Service">Indian Railways Management Service</a> with remaining through promotions.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Group B employees are recruited by departmental promotional exams of Group C employees. Recruitment of Group C employees are through exams conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Railway_Recruitment_Control_Board" title="Railway Recruitment Control Board">Railway Recruitment Control Board</a> (RRCB) and Group D staffs are recruited by zonal Railway Recruitment Cells (RRC).<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Indian Railways operates <a href="/wiki/Centralised_Training_Institutes_of_the_Indian_Railways" title="Centralised Training Institutes of the Indian Railways">seven centralized training institutes</a> and 295 training centers. It also provides <a href="/wiki/Housing" title="Housing">housing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare">healthcare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a> facilities for staff.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Subsidiaries">edit</a>]</div> Indian Railways has various <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">public sector undertakings (PSUs)</a> and other organisations under its purview:<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 85%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Sector </th> <th>Established </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Company (BRBCL) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electric_power_industry" title="Electric power industry">Power</a> </td> <td>2007 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joint_Venture" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Venture">Joint Venture</a> with <a href="/wiki/NTPC_Limited" title="NTPC Limited">NTPC</a>; 26% ownership </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Braithwaite_%26_Co." title="Braithwaite & Co.">Braithwaite & Co.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heavy_industry" title="Heavy industry">Heavy industry</a> </td> <td>1913 </td> <td>Transferred from <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Heavy_Industries" title="Ministry of Heavy Industries">Ministry of Heavy Industries</a> in 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Railway_Information_Systems" title="Centre for Railway Information Systems">Centre for Railway Information Systems</a> (CRIS) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">Information technology</a> </td> <td>1986 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Container_Corporation_of_India" title="Container Corporation of India">Container Corporation of India</a> (CONCOR) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport">Intermodal freight transport</a> </td> <td>1988 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India">Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India</a> (DFCCIL) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rail_freight_transport" title="Rail freight transport">Rail freight infrastructure development</a> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Catering_and_Tourism_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation">Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation</a> (IRCTC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_reservation_system" title="Computer reservation system">Ticketing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>67% ownership </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Finance_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Finance Corporation">Indian Railway Finance Corporation</a> (IRFC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financial services</a> </td> <td>1986 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ircon_International" title="Ircon International">Ircon International</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Rail infrastructure development</a> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">Konkan Railway Corporation</a> (KRCL) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Rail infrastructure construction and operation</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Railway_Vikas_Corporation" title="Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation">Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation</a> (MRVC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Suburban rail operation & development</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>51% ownership </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_Limited" title="National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited">National High Speed Rail Corporation</a> (NHSRC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">High-speed rail construction & operation</a> </td> <td>2016 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Pipavav" title="Port Pipavav">Pipavav Railway Corporation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Operations_management" title="Operations management">Operation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pipavav_Port" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipavav Port">Pipavav port line</a> </td> <td>2000 </td> <td>Joint venture with Pipavav Port; 50% ownership </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rail_India_Technical_and_Economic_Service" title="Rail India Technical and Economic Service">Rail India Technical and Economic Service</a> (RITES) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Consulting_firm" title="Consulting firm">Consulting</a> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rail_Vikas_Nigam" title="Rail Vikas Nigam">Rail Vikas Nigam</a> (RVN) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">Rail Infrastructure development</a> </td> <td>2003 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RailTel" title="RailTel">RailTel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a> </td> <td>2000 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> Indian Railways also has multiple bodies and undertakings under its purview such as:<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Warehousing_Corporation" title="Central Warehousing Corporation">Central Warehousing Corporation</a> (CWC)</li> <li>Central Railside Warehouse Company Limited (CRWCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_of_Railway_Safety" title="Commission of Railway Safety">Commission of Railway Safety</a> (CRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Modernisation_of_Workshops" title="Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops">Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops</a> (COMW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Railway_Electrification" title="Central Organisation for Railway Electrification">Central Organisation for Railway Electrification</a> (CORE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Health_Service" title="Indian Railway Health Service">Indian Railway Health Service</a> (IRHS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_Amenities_Committee" title="Passenger Amenities Committee">Passenger Amenities Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Land_Development_Authority" title="Rail Land Development Authority">Rail Land Development Authority</a> (RLDA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">Railway Protection Force</a> (RPF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Recruitment_Control_Board" title="Railway Recruitment Control Board">Railway Recruitment Control Board</a> (RRCB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railways_Sports_Promotion_Board" title="Railways Sports Promotion Board">Railways Sports Promotion Board</a> (RSPB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_Design_and_Standards_Organisation" title="Research Design and Standards Organisation">Research Design and Standards Organisation</a> (RDSO)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure_and_operations">Infrastructure and operations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Infrastructure and operations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rolling_stock">Rolling stock</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Rolling stock">edit</a>]</div> <dl><dt>Locomotives</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg/220px-Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg/330px-Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg/440px-Closeup_view_of_WDM3A_Indian_Locomotive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Close-up of a locomotive with the classification and number; WDM3A indicates a <a href="/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">Broad gauge</a> (W), <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">Diesel</a> (D), Mixed use (M), 3100 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">HP</a> (3A) locomotive</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Locomotives_of_India" title="Locomotives of India">Locomotives of India</a></div> The first trains in the 1800s were hauled by imported steam locomotives.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> In 1877, the first locomotive was built in India.<a href="#cite_note-Locoh-8">[8]</a> Electric locomotives were introduced in 1925 and diesel locomotives later in 1954.<a href="#cite_note-Gandhi-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-EL-16">[16]</a> By 1990s, steam locomotives were phased out and are currently operated only on <a href="/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">mountrain railways</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Restored_train" class="mw-redirect" title="Restored train">heritage trains</a>. Locomotives are classified by <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">track gauge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">broad</a>/<a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">metre</a>/<a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge railway">narrow</a>/<a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge railway">narrower</a>), <a href="/wiki/Propulsion" title="Propulsion">motive power</a> (electric/diesel/battery), function (passenger/goods/mixed), <a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">power rating</a> (x1000 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">HP</a>) and model in a four or five letter code.<a href="#cite_note-Class-69">[69]</a> The locomotives may be <a href="/wiki/Long_hood" title="Long hood">Longer Hood Front</a> (LHF), where the driver cabin is behind the hood of the engine or <a href="/wiki/Short_hood" title="Short hood">Short Hood Front</a> (SHF), where the cabin is located towards the front.<a href="#cite_note-Class-69">[69]</a> Multiple units (MU) are propelled by locomotives integrated with train-sets. In 2015, the first <a href="/wiki/Compressed_Natural_Gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Compressed Natural Gas">Compressed Natural Gas</a> (CNG) powered MUs were rolled out by ICF.<a href="#cite_note-CNG-36">[36]</a> In 2018, the semi-high speed self-propelled Vande Bharat train-set was rolled out from ICF.<a href="#cite_note-VB-52">[52]</a> Locomotives are manufactured by five owned manufacturing units of the Indian Railways and <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Heavy_Electricals_Limited" title="Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited">BHEL</a>.<a href="#cite_note-facility-70">[70]</a> As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, 37% of the trains are operated by diesel locomotives and rest mostly by electric locomotives.<a href="#cite_note-DPC-71">[71]</a> As of December 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, Indian Railways had 10,238 electric and 4,543 diesel locomotives amongst others.<a href="#cite_note-E1-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-D1-73">[73]</a> <dl><dt>Passenger coaches</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_coaching_stock" title="Indian Railways coaching stock">Indian Railways coaching stock</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg/142px-11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg/213px-11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg/284px-11019_Konark_Express_-_Sleeper_Class_coach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coach</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg/142px-Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg/213px-Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg/284px-Shram_Shakti_Express_LHBfied_Sleeper_Class_Rakes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/LHB_coach" title="LHB coach">LHB coach</a></div></div></div></div></div> The early rail coaches were based on a prototype by a <a href="/wiki/Schweizerische_Wagons-_und_Aufz%C3%BCgefabrik_AG_Schlieren-Z%C3%BCrich" title="Schweizerische Wagons- und Aufzügefabrik AG Schlieren-Zürich">Swiss company</a> and were termed as <a href="/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coaches</a> after Integral coach factory (ICF), the first coach manufacturing unit in India.<a href="#cite_note-ICF-26">[26]</a> These coaches, manufactured from 1955 to 2018, were largely in use till the early 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> From the late 1990s, the ICF coaches were replaced by safer and newer <a href="/wiki/LHB_coach" title="LHB coach">LHB coaches</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Linke-Hofmann-Busch" class="mw-redirect" title="Linke-Hofmann-Busch">Linke-Hofmann-Busch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In the late 2010s, Indian railways started upgrading the coaches of select trains from LHB to new <a href="/wiki/Tejas-Rajdhani_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Tejas-Rajdhani Express">Tejas</a> coaches with enhanced features.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> As of March 2023, Indian Railways' had 84,863 passenger coaches.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Coaches are manufactured by five manufacturing units of the Indian Railways and public sector companies <a href="/wiki/BEML_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="BEML Limited">BEML</a> and BHEL.<a href="#cite_note-facility-70">[70]</a> The coaching stock have unique five or six digit identifiers. Till 2018, the first two digits indicating the year of manufacture and the last three digits indicating the class.<a href="#cite_note-Class1-79">[79]</a> In 2018, the numbering system was changed with the first two digits indicating the year of manufacture and the last four digits indicating the sequence number.<a href="#cite_note-Class3-80">[80]</a> <dl><dt>Multiple units</dt></dl> In the 1960s, <a href="/wiki/Electric_multiple_unit" title="Electric multiple unit">Electric multiple units</a> (EMU) were developed for short-haul and suburban rail transit.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> On regional short-distance routes, <a href="/wiki/MEMU" title="MEMU">Mainline electrical multiple unit (MEMU)</a> and <a href="/wiki/DEMU" class="mw-redirect" title="DEMU">Diesel electrical multiple unit (DEMU)</a> trains are run. These train sets run in formation of 6, 9, 12 or 15 coaches and a three-car set is typified by a motor coaches and two passenger coaches.<a href="#cite_note-EMU1-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> These train-sets are self-propelled with capability for faster acceleration or deceleration.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> In 2018, Indian Railways also rolled out semi-high speed self-propelled train sets with modified coaches for inter city trains.<a href="#cite_note-VB-52">[52]</a> <dl><dt>Goods wagons</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Goods_(Wagon)_Train.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG/142px-Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG/213px-Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG/284px-Goods_%28Wagon%29_Train.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG/142px-Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG/213px-Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG/284px-Freight_Tanker_at_Malkajgiri_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">A <a href="/wiki/Covered_wagon" title="Covered wagon">covered wagon</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Tank_car" title="Tank car">tanker</a></div></div></div></div> Indian Railways hauls variety of <a href="/wiki/Cargo" title="Cargo">cargo</a> to cater to various requirements and have specialized rolling stock corresponding to the cargo hauled. There are 243 types of <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a> used for cargo operations.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> These include <a href="/wiki/Goods_wagon" title="Goods wagon">covered wagons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boxcar" title="Boxcar">boxcars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flat_wagon" title="Flat wagon">flat wagons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flat_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat car">flatbeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Open_wagon" title="Open wagon">open wagons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hopper_car" title="Hopper car">hoppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">containers</a>, automobile carriers, defense vehicle carriers and <a href="/wiki/Tank_car" title="Tank car">tankers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cargo-87">[87]</a> The freight cars can often carry loads from 10 to 80 tonnes per car depending on the configuration.<a href="#cite_note-Cargo-87">[87]</a> A new wagon numbering system was adopted in Indian Railways in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-wagon-88">[88]</a> The requirement of wagons was previously met by <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Wagon_and_Engineering" title="Bharat Wagon and Engineering">Bharat wagon and engineering</a> with the procurement and manufacturing now done by both in public and private sector.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <dl><dt>Others</dt></dl> Apart from standard passenger classes, the Indian Railways has other specialized coach types used for dedicated functions.<a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> These include accident relief medical vans,<a href="#cite_note-ICF1-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> brake vans,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> generator cars,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> inspection carriages,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> military cars,<a href="#cite_note-ICF1-90">[90]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pantry_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantry car">pantry car</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> and parcel vans.<a href="#cite_note-Mint-97">[97]</a> These may be dedicated self-propelled units or attached to train-sets.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> <dl><dt>Manufacturing</dt></dl> Indian Railways operates various manufacturing units. Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW), commissioned in 1950, was the first locomotive manufacturing unit in India.<a href="#cite_note-Chit-25">[25]</a> The first rail coache manufacturing unit, the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) was established at Madras in 1956.<a href="#cite_note-ICF-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Banaras_Locomotive_Works" title="Banaras Locomotive Works">Banaras Locomotive Works</a> (BLW), commissioned in 1961, is the second locomotive manufacturing unit operated by Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-Banaras-100">[100]</a> BHEL, <a href="/wiki/Patiala_Locomotive_Works" title="Patiala Locomotive Works">Patiala Locomotive Works</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diesel_Locomotive_Factory,_Marhowrah" title="Diesel Locomotive Factory, Marhowrah">Diesel Locomotive Factory, Marhowrah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electric_Locomotive_Factory,_Madhepura" title="Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura">Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura</a> also manufacture locomotives in India.<a href="#cite_note-facility-70">[70]</a> Railway coaches are also manufactured at coach factories at <a href="/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Karputhala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Raebareli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latur" title="Latur">Latur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-facility-70">[70]</a> Indian Railways also operates three <a href="/wiki/Rail_wheel" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail wheel">rail wheel</a> manufacturing factories at <a href="/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Factory" title="Rail Wheel Factory">Bangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Plant,_Bela" title="Rail Wheel Plant, Bela">Chhpra</a> and Raebareli.<a href="#cite_note-facility-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <dl><dt>Maintenance</dt></dl> The locomotives are operated and maintained by 44 locomotive sheds.<a href="#cite_note-D1-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-E1-72">[72]</a> The repair and maintenance of the fleet of other rolling stock is carried out at 212 carriage & wagon repair units and 45 periodic overhaul workshops across various zones of IR.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tracks">Tracks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tracks">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Unigauge_(India).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg/220px-Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg/330px-Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg/440px-Project_Unigauge_%28India%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of gauges in India with the standard gauge</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Project_Unigauge" title="Project Unigauge">Project Unigauge</a></div> As of 31 March 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, Indian railway network spanned 68,584 km (42,616 mi) in route length. With 29,719 km (18,467 mi) of the lines having two or more tracks, total running track length was 106,493 km (66,172 mi), while total trackage (including sidings) was 132,310 km (82,210 mi).<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Track sections are rated for speeds ranging from 80 to 200 km/h (50 to 124 mph), though the maximum speed attained by passenger trains is 160 km/h (99 mph). The network was built with a variety of <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">gauges</a>, including <a href="/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway">1,676 mm</a> (5 ft 6 in) <a href="/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">broad gauge</a>, 1,000 mm (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">metre gauge</a> <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">metre gauge</a> and <a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways">762 mm</a> (2 ft 6 in) and <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">610 mm</a> (2 ft) <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow gauge</a>; but a long-term effort, <a href="/wiki/Project_Unigauge" title="Project Unigauge">Project Unigauge</a>, aims to convert most of these to broad gauge. As of 31 March 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, 65,978 km (40,997 mi) or 96.20% of the network was broad-gauge, 1,345 km (836 mi) or 1.96% metre-gauge and 1,262 km (784 mi) or 1.84% narrow-gauge.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> The broad-gauge network is equipped with <a href="/wiki/Track_(rail_transport)#Continuous_welded_rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Track (rail transport)">long-welded</a>, high-tensile <a href="/wiki/Rail_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail weight">52kg/60kg 90 UTS</a> rails with <a href="/wiki/Prestressed_concrete" title="Prestressed concrete">pre-stressed concrete (PSC)</a> sleepers and elastic fastenings.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <dl><dt>Trunk routes</dt></dl> As of July 2020, there are seven major routes a total length of 11,295 km (7,018 mi) which have been classified as High-Density Network (HDN) routes or Trunk routes. There is 60% traffic on these routes, which are designed for speed limit of 160 <a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a>. These Trunk route include <a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="Howrah–Chennai main line">Chennai–Howrah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Chennai_line" title="Mumbai–Chennai line">Chennai–Mumbai</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Chennai main line">Delhi–Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93New_Delhi_main_line" title="Howrah–New Delhi main line">Delhi–Howrah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Prayagraj%E2%80%93Mumbai_line" title="Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai line">Howrah–Mumbai</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Mumbai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Mumbai main line">Mumbai–Delhi</a> and Delhi–Guwahati.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <dl><dt>Electrification</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Railway_Electrification" title="Central Organisation for Railway Electrification">Central Organisation for Railway Electrification</a></div> The first electric train ran in Bombay in 1925 on <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a> traction.<a href="#cite_note-EL-16">[16]</a> In 1928, DC traction was introduced on the suburban of Bombay by the <a href="/wiki/Bombay,_Baroda_and_Central_India_Railway" title="Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway">Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway</a> between <a href="/wiki/Colaba" title="Colaba">Colaba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Borivili" class="mw-redirect" title="Borivili">Borivili</a> and between Madras beach and Tambaram by the <a href="/wiki/Madras_and_Southern_Mahratta_Railway" title="Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway">Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway</a> in 1931.<a href="#cite_note-ELECT-104">[104]</a> In 1957, Indian Railways decided to adopt 25 kV AC as its standard.<a href="#cite_note-EL-16">[16]</a> The first 25 kV AC EMUs operated in Calcutta in 1962 and Madras in 1968. In 2017, Indian Railways announced a plan to electrify the country's entire broad gauge rail network by 2023.<a href="#cite_note-Eni-105">[105]</a> Post electrification, 30 billion kWh of electricity will be required on an annual basis for Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-Eni-105">[105]</a> As of 1 August 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit">[update]</a>, Indian Railways has electrified 64,080 km (39,820 mi) or 96.59% of the total broad-gauge route length.<a href="#cite_note-RE-4">[4]</a> Indian Railway uses 25 kV AC traction on all its electrified tracks.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> <dl><dt>Cross-border</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cross-border_railway_lines_in_India" title="Cross-border railway lines in India">Cross-border railway lines in India</a></div> India shares land border with multiple countries and have rail-links with some of them. <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> is connected to <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> with a construction of new rail link connecting <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> with <a href="/wiki/Akhaura" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhaura">Akhaura</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Two rail links to <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> exist as of 2021, with a third under construction.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> There is an existing railink with <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> through <a href="/wiki/Attari" title="Attari">Attari</a>–<a href="/wiki/Wagah" title="Wagah">Wagah</a> border.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Signaling_and_communication">Signaling and communication</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Signaling and communication">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Railway_signal" title="Railway signal">Railway signal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Railway_signalling" title="Railway signalling">Railway signalling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg/170px-Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg/255px-Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg/340px-Railway_Signal_Post_at_Safilguda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="1648" /></a><figcaption>Indian Railways uses <a href="/wiki/Railway_signal#Color_light_signals" title="Railway signal">coloured signal lights</a> similar to the one pictured</figcaption></figure> Indian Railways uses a range of signalling technologies and methods to manage its train operations based on traffic density and safety requirements. As of March 2023, around 3,549 km (2,205 mi) of the route uses <a href="/wiki/Automatic_block_signaling" title="Automatic block signaling">automatic block signalling</a> for train operations – concentrated in high density routes, large cities and junctions.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Remaining routes are based on <a href="/wiki/Absolute_block_signalling" title="Absolute block signalling">absolute block signalling</a> with trains manually controlled by signal men from the signal boxes typically located at stations. Few low density routes still use <a href="/wiki/North_American_railway_signaling#Absolute_or_manual_block" class="mw-redirect" title="North American railway signaling">manual block signalling</a> methods with communication on track clearance based on physical exchange of tokens.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> In a few sections, intermediate block signalling is provided to further enhance line capacity with minimal investment. As of March 2020, 602 block sections have intermediate block signals.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Indian Railways primarily uses <a href="/wiki/Railway_signal#Color_light_signals" title="Railway signal">coloured signal lights</a>, which replaced the earlier <a href="/wiki/Railway_signal#Mechanical_signals" title="Railway signal">semaphores and disc-based signalling</a>. It uses two-aspect, three-aspect and four (or multiple) aspect color signalling across its network.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Signals at most stations are interlocked using <a href="/wiki/Electro-mechanical_interlocking" class="mw-redirect" title="Electro-mechanical interlocking">panel interlocking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Relay_interlocking" class="mw-redirect" title="Relay interlocking">route-relay interlocking</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electronic_interlocking" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic interlocking">electronic interlocking</a> methods that eliminate scope for human signalling errors. Indian Railways uses <a href="/wiki/Track_circuit" title="Track circuit">track circuiting</a>, and block proving <a href="/wiki/Axle_counter" title="Axle counter">axle counters</a> for train detection. As of March 2023, 6,523 stations have interlocked and multi-aspect signalling. Around 99% of key routes have track circuitry or block proving axle counters for automated train detection and <a href="/wiki/Kavach_(train_protection_system)" title="Kavach (train protection system)">Kavach</a> <a href="/wiki/Automatic_train_protection" title="Automatic train protection">automatic train protection</a> system has been implemented in 1,445 km (898 mi) of tracks.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> The railways has about 59,105 km (36,726 mi) of <a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber_cable" class="mw-redirect" title="Optical fiber cable">optical fiber cable</a> network used for train control, voice and data communication with 3,445 km (2,141 mi) of the route covered by <a href="/wiki/GSM-R" title="GSM-R">GSM-R</a> based Mobile Train Radio communication.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> In December 2017, Indian Railways announced that it will implement <a href="/wiki/European_Train_Control_System" title="European Train Control System">ETCS Level 2</a> system for signalling and control on key routes with an investment of ₹120 billion (US$1.4 billion).<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stations">Stations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Stations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Categorization_of_Indian_Railway_stations_by_commercial_importance" title="Categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance">Categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance</a></div> As of March 2023, Indian Railways manages and operates 7,308 stations.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Prior to 2017, the stations were classified into seven categories based on their earnings.<a href="#cite_note-stac1-114">[114]</a> Since 2017, Indian Railways categorizes the stations by commercial importance into three different categories namely Non Suburban Group (NSG), Suburban Group (SG) and Halt Group (HG). These are further subdivided into subcategories based on their commercial importance (NSG 1–6, SG 1-3 and from HG 1–3).<a href="#cite_note-Stn-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-stac1-114">[114]</a> The commercial importance of a station is determined by taking into account its passenger footfall, earnings and strategic importance and these categories are used to determine the minimum essential amenities required by each station.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stn-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Services">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Passenger">Passenger</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Passenger">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Travel_classes">Travel classes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Travel classes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_coaching_stock" title="Indian Railways coaching stock">Indian Railways coaching stock</a></div> Indian Railways offers various travel classes on its <a href="/wiki/Passenger_car_(rail)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger car (rail)">coaches</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> For the purpose of identification in <a href="/wiki/Passenger_train" title="Passenger train">passenger trains</a>, coaches in a train-set are assigned an <a href="/wiki/Alpha-numeric" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-numeric">alpha-numeric</a> code. The first letter identifies the coach class and the second letter identifies the coach number.<a href="#cite_note-Class2-118">[118]</a> The berths and seats are numbered by an alphanumeric code with the letter(s) identifying the berth/seat type and numbers identifying the position. In standard coaches, the berths and seats are classified as follows:<a href="#cite_note-CC-119">[119]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%"> <caption>Coach code (First digit)<a href="#cite_note-Class2-118">[118]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Class </th> <th>Code </th> <th>Image </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>First AC </td> <td>H </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg/100px-Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg/150px-Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg/200px-Rajdhani_First_AC1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a> </td> <td>It is the most luxurious and expensive class in most express trains.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> They have separate <a href="/wiki/Air-conditioned" class="mw-redirect" title="Air-conditioned">air-conditioned</a> compartments with private lockable doors, <a href="/wiki/Bedding" title="Bedding">bedding</a>, dedicated attendants and meals served at seat.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>First Class </td> <td>F </td> <td> </td> <td>First class is similar to first AC coaches with a combination of cabins and berths but are non air-conditioned and do not have all the facilities of first AC coaches.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> They were slated to be phased out of normal express trains starting in the 2000s and the last coach being de-commissioned in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> The First class is still in use in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">toy trains</a> where the coaches consist of seats similar to chair cars.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Executive Anubhuti </td> <td>EA/K </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg/100px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg/150px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg/200px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_Interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a> </td> <td>Executive Anubhuti is the premium class of air-conditioned <a href="/wiki/Chair_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair car">chair car</a> equipped with retractable, large cushioned seats in 2x2 configuration. The class is equipped with an entertainment system, large luggage compartments, passenger information system, dedicated reading lights, power sockets and call buttons, modular bio toilets with automated taps. Meals often provided as a part of the journey ticket.<a href="#cite_note-FE-125">[125]</a> The class is available only in select trains.<a href="#cite_note-FE-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AC Executive Class </td> <td>E </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg/100px-The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg/150px-The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg/200px-The_Interior_of_the_Executive_Class_or_1A_of_an_LHB_Shatabdi_Coach..jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a> </td> <td>AC Executive Class is often the top most class of air-conditioned chair car in express trains. It is equipped with large retractable seats in 2x2 configuration.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The class is equipped with dedicated reading lights and power sockets, modular bio toilets with automated taps. Meals are often provided as a part of the journey ticket.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a> trains, the class is equipped with more features including <a href="/wiki/Rotating_seat" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotating seat">rotating seats</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCTV" class="mw-redirect" title="CCTV">CCTVs</a>, passenger information system, larger toilets, <a href="/wiki/USB_port" class="mw-redirect" title="USB port">USB ports</a> and <a href="/wiki/Automated_door" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated door">automated doors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Executive Vistadome </td> <td>EV </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:VistadomeInterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VistadomeInterior.jpg/100px-VistadomeInterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VistadomeInterior.jpg/150px-VistadomeInterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VistadomeInterior.jpg/200px-VistadomeInterior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a> </td> <td>AC Tourist cars have <a href="/wiki/Vistadome" class="mw-redirect" title="Vistadome">vistadome</a> coaches with glass roofs and extra wide windows. The interiors are similar to AC chair car coaches. Select trains operating mostly on tourist circuits are equipped with such coaches.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Indian Railways plans to introduce these coaches in all <a href="/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">mountain railways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Second AC or AC 2-tier </td> <td>A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:2956coach.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2956coach.JPG/100px-2956coach.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2956coach.JPG/150px-2956coach.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/2956coach.JPG/200px-2956coach.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a> </td> <td>Second AC or AC 2-tier is an air-conditioned <a href="/wiki/Sleeping_car" title="Sleeping car">sleeping car</a> with wide sealed windows.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> There are four berths arranged in two-tiers facing each other in a single bay with two-tiered berths arranged on the sides lengthwise across the corridor.<a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> Individual berths are equipped with <a href="/wiki/Curtains" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtains">curtains</a>, simple bedding, reading lights and charging sockets.<a href="#cite_note-Curt-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bed-133">[133]</a> Food is available on order or as a part of the ticket depending on the train.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Third AC or AC 3-tier </td> <td>B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg/100px-Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg/150px-Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg/200px-Inside_AC_3_coach_passage_Indian_railway_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2528" data-file-height="3373" /></a> </td> <td>Third AC or AC 3-tier is an air-conditioned sleeping car.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> There are six berths arranged in three-tiers facing each other in a single bay with foldable middle berths and two-tiered berths arranged on the sides lengthwise across the corridor.<a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> There are common charging sockets and lights in each compartment with simple bedding provided.<a href="#cite_note-Bed-133">[133]</a> Food is available on order or as a part of the ticket depending on the train with the same menu shared with AC 2-tier.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AC 3-tier economy </td> <td>G/M </td> <td> </td> <td>AC 3-tier economy coaches are air-conditioned sleeping cars similar to AC 3-tier.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> Compared to 3-tier coaches, they have an extra middle berth along the aisle.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> The coaches were first introduced in <a href="/wiki/Garib_Rath_Express" title="Garib Rath Express">Garib Rath</a> trains and only a few trains operate with such coaches.<a href="#cite_note-TN-134">[134]</a> Bedding is available for rent and the coaches have facilities like charging sockets and lights similar to AC 3-tier coaches.<a href="#cite_note-TN-134">[134]</a> New AC 3-tier economy coaches introduced in 2021 have similar berth arrangement as AC 3-tier but accommodates 83 berths per coach and other improved facilities.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AC Chair Car </td> <td>C </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg/100px-Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg/150px-Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg/200px-Interiors_of_the_2nd_Generation_of_the_Vande_Bharat_Express_trains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="2604" /></a> </td> <td>AC chair car are air-conditioned coaches equipped with retractable seats in 3x2 configuration.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> The class has cushioned seats with <a href="/wiki/Tray_table" class="mw-redirect" title="Tray table">tray tables</a> and are equipped with LED reading lights, power sockets along the window side. Meals are provided as a part of the journey ticket in select trains.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> In Vande Bharat Express trains, the class is equipped with more features including passenger information system, CCTVs, larger toilets and automated doors.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sleeper </td> <td>S </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg/100px-Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg/150px-Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg/200px-Inside_an_Indian_Railways_Train_-_Sleeper_Coach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2000" /></a> </td> <td>Sleeper class is the most common sleeping car coach in Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> There are six berths arranged in three-tiers facing each other in a single bay with foldable middle berths and two-tiered berths arranged on the sides lengthwise across the corridor.<a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> The coaches are not air-conditioned and have open-able windows. There are common charging sockets, <a href="/wiki/Ceiling_fan" title="Ceiling fan">ceiling mounted fans</a> and lights in each compartment. Food is available on order or can be purchased from vendors.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Second sitting </td> <td>D/J </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg/100px-Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg/150px-Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg/200px-Seats_inside_Indian_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a> </td> <td>Second sitting is the most common chair car coach and the cheapest in the Indian Railways.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> It is common in most day-time running trains with six seats arranged in 3x3 configuration. The seats may face each other or towards the same side.<a href="#cite_note-Coach-89">[89]</a> The coaches are not air-conditioned and have open-able windows. There are common charging sockets, ceiling mounted fans and lights in each compartment. Food is available on order or can be purchased from vendors.<a href="#cite_note-TM-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unreserved or General </td> <td>UR/GS </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Newly_Developed_Deen_Dayalu_Coach_being_dedicated_by_the_Union_Minister_for_Railways,_Shri_Suresh_Prabhakar_Prabhu_to_the_Nation,_at_New_Delhi_Railway_Station_on_July_19,_2016_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Newly_Developed_Deen_Dayalu_Coach_being_dedicated_by_the_Union_Minister_for_Railways%2C_Shri_Suresh_Prabhakar_Prabhu_to_the_Nation%2C_at_New_Delhi_Railway_Station_on_July_19%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/100px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Newly_Developed_Deen_Dayalu_Coach_being_dedicated_by_the_Union_Minister_for_Railways%2C_Shri_Suresh_Prabhakar_Prabhu_to_the_Nation%2C_at_New_Delhi_Railway_Station_on_July_19%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/150px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Newly_Developed_Deen_Dayalu_Coach_being_dedicated_by_the_Union_Minister_for_Railways%2C_Shri_Suresh_Prabhakar_Prabhu_to_the_Nation%2C_at_New_Delhi_Railway_Station_on_July_19%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1268" /></a> </td> <td>Unreserved or general coaches are second seating coaches which are not available for reservation and seats are taken on available basis.<a href="#cite_note-IRFCA-120">[120]</a> One or more of these coaches are attached to express trains while dedicated passenger trains might also have all unreserved coaches. Tickets are valid on any train on a route only for within 24 hours of purchase.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Saloon coaches are also available for <a href="/wiki/Excursion_train" title="Excursion train">chartering</a> which are equipped with a bedroom and kitchen and can be attached to normal trains.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Passenger_trains">Passenger trains</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Passenger trains">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Express trains of India</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg/142px-12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg/213px-12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg/284px-12302_Howrah_Rajdhani_Express_-_AC_First_Class.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg/142px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg/213px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg/284px-Mumbai_Central_Ahmedabad_Shatabdi_Express_-_Anubhuti_coach_-_K1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a></div></div></div></div></div> Indian Railways operates various classes of passenger and express trains. The trains are classified basis average speed and facilities with express trains having fewer halts, priority on rail network and faster average speed. The trains are identified by <a href="/wiki/Train_numbering_in_India" title="Train numbering in India">five digit numbers</a> with train-pairs traveling in opposite directions usually labelled with consecutive numbers.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> Express trains often have specific unique names for easy identification.<a href="#cite_note-Train-142">[142]</a> In 2018–19, Indian Railways operated 13,523 passenger trains on average daily and carried 8.44 billion passengers.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB1-143">[143]</a> India Railways operates various categories of express trains including <a href="/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garib_Rath_Express" title="Garib Rath Express">Garib Rath Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double_Decker_Express" title="Double Decker Express">Double Decker Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tejas_Express" title="Tejas Express">Tejas Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatimaan_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatimaan Express">Gatimaan Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humsafar_Express" title="Humsafar Express">Humsafar Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duronto_Express" title="Duronto Express">Duronto Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuva_Express" title="Yuva Express">Yuva Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uday_Express" title="Uday Express">Uday Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Shatabdi_Express" title="Jan Shatabdi Express">Jan Shatabdi Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sampark_Kranti_Express" title="Sampark Kranti Express">Sampark Kranti Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vivek_Express" title="Vivek Express">Vivek Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Rani_Express" title="Rajya Rani Express">Rajya Rani Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahamana_Express" title="Mahamana Express">Mahamana Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antyodaya_Express" title="Antyodaya Express">Antyodaya Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Sadharan_Express" title="Jan Sadharan Express">Jan Sadharan Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suvidha_Express" title="Suvidha Express">Suvidha Express</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intercity_Express_(Indian_Railways)" title="Intercity Express (Indian Railways)">Intercity Express</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Train-142">[142]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg/220px-Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg/330px-Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg/440px-Amrit_Bharat_Express_on_standby_at_SMVT_Bengaluru.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4080" data-file-height="2296" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_Express" title="Amrit Bharat Express">Amrit Bharat</a> semi-high speed rail</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="High-speed_rail">High-speed rail</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: High-speed rail">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a> introduced in 1969 were the first trains to reach speeds of up to 120 km/h (75 mph).<a href="#cite_note-auto-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a> introduced in 1988, are capable of running at a maximum speed of 150 km/h (93 mph).<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a> was launched with self-propelled EMU train-sets capable of reaching maximum speed of 180 km/h (110 mph) with operational speeds restricted to 130–160 km/h (81–99 mph).<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> A non-airconditioned semi-high speed <a href="/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Amrit Bharat (trainset)">train-set</a> hauled by two modified <a href="/wiki/Indian_locomotive_class_WAP-5" title="Indian locomotive class WAP-5">WAP-5</a> locomotives was launched as <a href="/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_Express" title="Amrit Bharat Express">Amrit Bharat Express</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> A <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed rail</a> line is <a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">under-construction</a> between <a href="/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Ahmedabad_high-speed_rail_corridor" title="Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor">Mumbai and Ahmedabad</a> which will become the first true <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">high-speed rail line</a> when completed in 2026.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mountain_railways">Mountain railways</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Mountain railways">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:392px;max-width:392px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Railways_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Railways of India">Mountain Railways of India</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:110px;max-width:110px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:94px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG/108px-DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG" decoding="async" width="108" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG/162px-DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG/216px-DarjeelingTrainFruitshopCrop.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2106" data-file-height="1859" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_Railway" title="Darjeeling Himalayan Railway">Darjeeling</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:94px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg/138px-KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg" decoding="async" width="138" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg/207px-KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg/276px-KSR_Steam_special_at_Taradevi_05-02-13_56.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="857" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Kalka-Shimla_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalka-Shimla Railway">Kalka-Shimla</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:94px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg/134px-NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg" decoding="async" width="134" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg/201px-NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg/268px-NMR_train_at_Ketti_05-02-26_75.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1516" data-file-height="1073" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Nilgiri</a></div></div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Railways_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Railways of India">Mountain Railways of India</a> refer to three rail lines operated by Indian Railways in <a href="/wiki/Hill" title="Hill">hilly terrain</a>. <a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_Railway" title="Darjeeling Himalayan Railway">Darjeeling Himalayan Railway</a>, a <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">610 mm</a> (2 ft) narrow-gauge railway in the <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Himalayas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesser Himalayas">Lesser Himalayas</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> was opened in 1881. <a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-150">[150]</a> The mountain railways were designated as <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-150">[150]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kalka-Shimla_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalka-Shimla Railway">Kalka-Shimla Railway</a>, a <a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways">762 mm</a> (2 ft 6 in) narrow-gauge railway in the <a href="/wiki/Siwalik_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Siwalik Hills">Siwalik Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a> started operating in 1903. The <a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Nilgiri Mountain Railway</a>, a 1,000 mm (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">metre gauge</a> <a href="/wiki/Rack_railway" title="Rack railway">rack railway</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilgiri Hills">Nilgiri Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> was opened in 1908 and is the only operational rack railway in India.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-150">[150]</a> These railways operate with its own dedicated fleet of locomotives and coaches.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Suburban_and_metro">Suburban and metro</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Suburban and metro">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:392px;max-width:392px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader"><a href="/wiki/Urban_rail_transit_in_India" title="Urban rail transit in India">Urban Rail systems</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:155px;max-width:155px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:109px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Mumbai_Train.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mumbai_Train.JPG/153px-Mumbai_Train.JPG" decoding="async" width="153" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mumbai_Train.JPG/230px-Mumbai_Train.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mumbai_Train.JPG/306px-Mumbai_Train.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="1846" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Mumbai Suburban</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:84px;max-width:84px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:109px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg/82px-East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg/123px-East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg/164px-East_West_Metro_Kolkata_rake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="1040" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Metro" title="Kolkata Metro">Kolkata Metro</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:109px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_(Madras).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg/145px-Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg/218px-Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg/290px-Tirumailai_MRTS_station_Chennai_%28Madras%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Chennai_MRTS" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennai MRTS">Chennai MRTS</a></div></div></div></div></div> The first suburban electric trains were introduced in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Bombay</a> in 1925.<a href="#cite_note-EMU1-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chennai_Suburban_Railway" title="Chennai Suburban Railway">Chennai suburban</a> lines started operating in 1931 and <a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Suburban_Railway" title="Kolkata Suburban Railway">Kolkata</a> in 1957.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> Later, AC traction was adopted for suburban lines and are currently operated by Multiple Units (MUs) of various configurations. In 1984, <a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Metro" title="Kolkata Metro">Kolkata Metro</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Metro_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro railway">metro</a> system and the only system operated by Indian Railways was commissioned.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Opened in November 1995, <a href="/wiki/Chennai_MRTS" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennai MRTS">Chennai MRTS</a> became the first operational elevated railway line in India.<a href="#cite_note-SR-18">[18]</a> Indian Railways operates suburban railway systems across the cities of Mumbai (suburban), Chennai (suburban and MRTS), Kolkata (suburban and metro) and <a href="/wiki/Secunderabad" title="Secunderabad">Secunderabad</a> (MMTS) covering six railway zones.<a href="#cite_note-EMU1-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tourism">Tourism</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> Indian Railways offers tour packages through IRCTC.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> It operates tourist trains and coach services on popular tourist circuits in different regions of the country. It operates luxury tourist trains such as <a href="/wiki/Maharajas%27_Express" title="Maharajas' Express">Maharajas' Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palace_on_Wheels" title="Palace on Wheels">Palace on Wheels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_Chariot" title="Golden Chariot">Golden Chariot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deccan_Odyssey" title="Deccan Odyssey">Deccan Odyssey</a>, deluxe tourist trains such as <a href="/wiki/Mahaparinirvan_Express" title="Mahaparinirvan Express">Mahaparinirvan Express</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> It also operates <a href="/wiki/Restored_train" class="mw-redirect" title="Restored train">heritage</a> and exhibition trains on special circumstances.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ticketing_and_fares">Ticketing and fares</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Ticketing and fares">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg/220px-Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg/330px-Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg/440px-Railway_ticket_from_Bangalore_City_junction_to_Pune_junction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>A standard printed Indian Railway ticket</figcaption></figure> In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced before which ticketing was done manually.<a href="#cite_note-IT-33">[33]</a> Self-printing ticket machines (SPTM) were introduced in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-SF-34">[34]</a> Centralized computer reservation system was deployed in September 1996.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> The ticketing network at stations is computerized with the exception of few stations. The Indian Railways website went online in February 2000 and online ticketing was introduced on 3 August 2002 through IRCTC.<a href="#cite_note-IRCTC-35">[35]</a> Indian Railways now provides multiple channels for passengers to book tickets through <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smartphone_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphone app">smartphone apps</a>, <a href="/wiki/SMS" title="SMS">SMS</a>, rail reservation counters at train stations, or through private ticket booking counters. Reserved tickets may be booked up to 60 days in advance and confirmed reservation tickets will show the passenger and fare details along with berth or seat number(s) allocated to them on the ticket. In case of no confirmed reservation, a wait-list number is assigned and wait-listed tickets get confirmed if there are cancellations of already reserved tickets. <a href="/wiki/Reservation_against_Cancellation" title="Reservation against Cancellation">Reservation against cancellation tickets</a> is an intermediate category between the waiting and confirmed lists in sleeper classes which allows a ticket holder to board the train and share a berth.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Reserved tickets can be booked by passengers who want to travel at short notice at higher fares through the <a href="/wiki/Tatkal_scheme" title="Tatkal scheme">Tatkal train ticket</a>, where no refund is applicable on cancellation.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> A valid proof for the purchase of ticket along with photo identification is required to board the train.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Unreserved tickets for short distance or unplanned travels may be purchased at stations or through UTS mobile app at any time before departure.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Holders of such tickets may only board the general or unreserved coaches. Suburban networks also issue unreserved tickets valid for a limited time or season passes with unlimited travel between two stops for a period of time.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> India has some of the lowest train fares in the world, and lower class passenger fares are subsidised.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Discounted fares are applicable for railway employees, <a href="/wiki/Senior_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior citizen">senior citizens</a> (over age 60), the differently-abled, students, athletes, patients and those taking competitive examinations. Seats of lower class of accommodation are reserved for women or senior citizens in some trains.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freight">Freight</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Freight">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg/220px-Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg/330px-Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg/440px-Main-qimg-2eab05e182278bf019c97862578a3706.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="242" /></a><figcaption>A hybrid coach with provision to carry small cargo and mail, often attached to passenger trains</figcaption></figure> The first rail operational in Madras in 1837 was used for ferrying granite.<a href="#cite_note-FR-7">[7]</a> The first dedicated commercial freight rail was operated between Bombay and Ahmedabad in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-Hist-6">[6]</a> Indian Railways ferries various commodities and <a href="/wiki/Cargo" title="Cargo">cargo</a> to cater to various industrial, consumer, and agricultural segments. Apart from dedicated freight trains, <a href="/wiki/Parcel_(consignment)" title="Parcel (consignment)">parcels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mail" title="Mail">mail</a> and small cargo are carried on specialized carriages attached to passenger trains.<a href="#cite_note-Mint-97">[97]</a> In 2022–23, Indian Railways operated 8,479 trains on average daily and transported 1418.1 million tonnes of freight.<a href="#cite_note-IRYB-3">[3]</a> Indian Railways has historically subsidized the passenger segment with income from the freight business and prioritized passenger trains on the network. Hence, freight services were unable to complete other modes of transport on both cost and speed of delivery, leading to continuous erosion of market share till the early 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> To counter this, Indian Railways established the <a href="/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India">Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India</a> in 2006 to construct dedicated freight corridors to reduce congestion, increase speed and reliability and proposed upgradation of existing goods sheds, attracting private capital to build multi-commodity multi-modal logistics terminals, changing container sizes, operating time-tabled freight trains and tweaking with the freight pricing/product mix.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> End-to-end integrated transport solutions such as <a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation#RORO" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">roll-on, roll-off</a> (RORO) service, a <a href="/wiki/Rolling_highway" title="Rolling highway">road-rail system</a> pioneered by <a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">Konkan Railway</a> in 1999 to carry trucks on <a href="/wiki/Flatbed_truck" title="Flatbed truck">flatbed</a> trailers is extended to other routes.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_accidents_and_incidents_in_India" title="List of railway accidents and incidents in India">List of railway accidents and incidents in India</a></div> As per the Ministry of Railways, there have been more than 38,500 railway accidents from 1961 to 2019.<a href="#cite_note-Data-172">[172]</a> In 2019-20, the Indian Railways reported zero passenger deaths due to accidents for the first time in its history.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> At least 313 people died in 40 train accidents in 2023-24 and 748 people have died in 638 train accidents in the previous ten years.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226773818">.mw-parser-output .defaultleft{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .defaultcenter{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .defaultright{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .col1left td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2left td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3left td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4left td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5left td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6left td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7left td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8left td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9left td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output 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td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24center td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25center td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26center td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27center td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28center td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29center td:nth-child(29){text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .col1right td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2right td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3right td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4right td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5right td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6right td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7right td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8right td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9right td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10right td:nth-child(10),.mw-parser-output .col11right td:nth-child(11),.mw-parser-output .col12right td:nth-child(12),.mw-parser-output .col13right td:nth-child(13),.mw-parser-output .col14right td:nth-child(14),.mw-parser-output .col15right td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16right td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17right td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18right td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19right td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20right td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21right td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22right td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23right td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24right td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25right td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26right td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27right td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28right td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29right td:nth-child(29){text-align:right}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultcenter col1left" style="font-size: 85%"> <caption>Accidents of Indian Railways<a href="#cite_note-Data-172">[172]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Span </th> <th colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Train_accident" class="mw-redirect" title="Train accident">Accidents</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Train kms (million) </th> <th rowspan="2">Accidents per million kms </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Train_collision" class="mw-redirect" title="Train collision">Collisions</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Derailments" class="mw-redirect" title="Derailments">Derailments</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Level_crossing" title="Level crossing">Level crossing</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Conflagration" title="Conflagration">Fire</a> </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>1961-1970 </td> <td>834 </td> <td>10,664 </td> <td>1,394 </td> <td>1,037 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>13,929 </td> <td>4,339 </td> <td>3.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971-1980 </td> <td>588 </td> <td>6,763 </td> <td>1,120 </td> <td>185 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>8,665 </td> <td>4,810 </td> <td>1.80 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981-1990 </td> <td>475 </td> <td>6,242 </td> <td>677 </td> <td>176 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>7,570 </td> <td>5,598 </td> <td>1.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991-2000 </td> <td>340 </td> <td>3,583 </td> <td>632 </td> <td>77 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>4,642 </td> <td>6,559 </td> <td>0.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001-2010 </td> <td>135 </td> <td>1,680 </td> <td>803 </td> <td>93 </td> <td>52 </td> <td>2,763 </td> <td>8,333 </td> <td>0.33 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011-2019 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>567 </td> <td>352 </td> <td>54 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>1,023 </td> <td>10,134 </td> <td>0.10 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_companies_in_India" title="List of railway companies in India">List of railway companies in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_rail_transport_in_India" title="Future of rail transport in India">Future of rail transport in India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news18.com/news/india/suneet-sharma-appointed-new-chairman-and-ceo-of-railway-board-3234803.html">"Suneet Sharma Appointed New Chairman and CEO of Railway Board"</a>. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Express&rft.atitle=150th+anniversary+of+Calcutta+trams%3A+A+brief+history+of+trams+in+India&rft.date=2023-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fexplained%2Fexplained-culture%2F150th-anniversary-calcutta-trams-8469537%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/courses/2015/HUM54/exhibits/show/mumbai_development/trams">The Evolution of Trams in Mumbai</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011232644/http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/courses/2015/HUM54/exhibits/show/mumbai_development/trams">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+Trams+in+Mumbai&rft.pub=Harvard+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdighist.fas.harvard.edu%2Fcourses%2F2015%2FHUM54%2Fexhibits%2Fshow%2Fmumbai_development%2Ftrams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaganath" class="citation book cs1">Jaganath, Santosh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lH0ACAAAQBAJ&q=Jankampet-Bodhan%20Railway&pg=PA98">The History of Nizam's Railways System</a>. Lulu. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-312-49647-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-312-49647-7"><bdi>978-1-312-49647-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240331165646/https://books.google.com/books?id=lH0ACAAAQBAJ&q=Jankampet-Bodhan%20Railway&pg=PA98#v=snippet&q=Jankampet-Bodhan%20Railway&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2024. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Oldest+locomotive%3A+Built+in+Ajmer%2C+pride+of+Delhi&rft.date=2017-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fjaipur%2Foldest-locomotive-built-in-ajmer-pride-of-delhi%2Farticleshow%2F59888386.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EL-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EL_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EL_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EL_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EL_16-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1596785062728-Locomotive_comp.pdf">Evolution of Electric Locomotives</a> (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240315030913/https://secr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1596785062728-Locomotive_comp.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2024. 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Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240309113736/https://indianrailways.gov.in/Indian%20Railways%20Whistling%20Ahead-%20%20Story%20of%20Growth%20and%20Modernisation-Booklet.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 March 2024. 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CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328205016/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/26/coronavirus-puts-over-1-billion-people-in-india-on-21-day-lockdown-to-combat-spread.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2020. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Coronavirus+lockdown%3A+Railways+to+restart+passenger+services+in+phased+manner&rft.date=2022-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fcoronavirus-lockdown-railways-to-resume-select-passenger-train-services-from-may-12%2Farticle31551514.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/diamond-quadrilateral-of-high-speed-trains/">"Diamond quadrilateral of high-speed trains"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indian_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Express">Indian Express</a>. 10 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170813222712/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/diamond-quadrilateral-of-high-speed-trains/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 August 2017. 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Retrieved 22 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=India+to+sign+deal+with+Japan+to+get+first+bullet+train&rft.date=2015-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Findia-to-sign-deal-with-japan-to-get-first-bullet-train%2Farticle7961724.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livemint.com/Companies/NV9ujsKfuh92SnrxtiC86H/Railways-appoints-IRSDC-as-nodal-agency-for-station-redevelo.htm">"Railways appoints IRSDC as nodal agency for station redevelopment"</a>. Livemint. 23 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Livemint&rft.atitle=Railways+appoints+IRSDC+as+nodal+agency+for+station+redevelopment&rft.date=2017-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2FCompanies%2FNV9ujsKfuh92SnrxtiC86H%2FRailways-appoints-IRSDC-as-nodal-agency-for-station-redevelo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://railengdigest.com/project-news/asia/indian-railways-converts-broad-gauge/">"Indian Railways orders conversion to Broad Gauge"</a>. Rail Digest. 12 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171223102927/http://railengdigest.com/project-news/asia/indian-railways-converts-broad-gauge/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2017. 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Retrieved 13 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Financial+Express&rft.atitle=Indian+Railways+unveils+%27Make+in+India%27+train+coaches+with+new+look&rft.date=2016-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.financialexpress.com%2Fphotos%2Fbusiness-gallery%2F192582%2Findian-railways-unveils-make-in-india-train-coaches-with-new-look-check-irctc-co-in%2F2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-just-like-your-cabs-you-can-soon-track-trains-in-real-time-via-gps-2563623">"Just like your cabs, you can soon track trains in real time via GPS"</a>. 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Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Just+like+your+cabs%2C+you+can+soon+track+trains+in+real+time+via+GPS&rft.date=2017-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fbusiness%2Freport-just-like-your-cabs-you-can-soon-track-trains-in-real-time-via-gps-2563623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/locomotive-factories-in-bihar-in-cold-storage-for-years-two-railway-projects-to-start-soon/">"Locomotive Factories in Bihar: In cold storage for years, two Railway projects to start soon"</a>. 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The Financial Express. 20 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520143845/https://www.railrestro.com/india-news/indian-railways-to-roll-out-make-in-india-160-kmph-self-propelled-world-class-train-sets-at-half-the-cost-of-imports/558791/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2023. 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July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160719005809/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/07/india-plants-50-million-trees-uttar-pradesh-reforestation/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2016. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mercomcapital.com/northern-railways-to-install-5-mw-rooftop-solar-in-four-of-its-stations#sthash.5S8zaJPl.dpuf">the original</a> on 3 March 2017. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Loco+hauled+commuter+trains+to+be+replaced+with+DEMU%2FMEMU&rft.date=2018-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fdelhi%2FLoco-hauled-commuter-trains-to-be-replaced-with-DEMU%2FMEMU%2Farticleshow%2F54680592.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fois.indianrail.gov.in/RailSAHAY/Home.jsp">"Cargo wagons"</a>. Indian Railways. 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Retrieved 1 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abbreviations+for+Coaches&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalscr.in%2Fbzadiv%2Fcirculars%2Fmisc_circulars%2Fuploads%2FAbbrevations%2520for%2520different%2520types%2520of%2520coaches.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-119"><a href="#cite_ref-CC_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://st2.indiarailinfo.com/kjfdsuiemjvcya0/0/2/3/6/837236/0/railseatlayout.pdf">Rail seat layout</a> (PDF) (Report). 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=First-class+coaches+now+just+the+stuff+of+memories&rft.date=2009-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Ffirst-class-coaches-now-just-the-stuff-of-memories%2Farticleshow%2F4127807.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/end-of-road-for-last-of-the-non-ac-first-class-coaches/articleshow/50250987.cms">"End of road for the last of the non AC first class coaches"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a>. 20 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107142328/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/end-of-road-for-last-of-the-non-ac-first-class-coaches/articleshow/50250987.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=End+of+road+for+the+last+of+the+non+AC+first+class+coaches&rft.date=2015-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fchennai%2Fend-of-road-for-last-of-the-non-ac-first-class-coaches%2Farticleshow%2F50250987.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/holiday-special-trains-in-nilgiri-mountain-railway/article67668676.ece">"Holiday special trains in Nilgiri Mountain Railway"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 23 December 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231223093555/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/holiday-special-trains-in-nilgiri-mountain-railway/article67668676.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Holiday+special+trains+in+Nilgiri+Mountain+Railway&rft.date=2023-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2FCoimbatore%2Fholiday-special-trains-in-nilgiri-mountain-railway%2Farticle67668676.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FE-125">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FE_125-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FE_125-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/business-gallery/967183/anubhuti-coach-shatabdi-express-train-fare-luxury-features-images-indian-railways-new-train/5/">"Anubhuti coaches with aircraft-like features to replace Shatabdi 1st-AC Executive chair cars; 20 amazing facts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Financial_Express_(India)" title="The Financial Express (India)">Financial Express</a>. 9 December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107142327/https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/business-gallery/967183/anubhuti-coach-shatabdi-express-train-fare-luxury-features-images-indian-railways-new-train/5/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Mumbai-Goa+Vande+Bharat+express+flagged+off&rft.date=2023-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fmumbai%2Fmumbai-goa-vande-bharat-express-video-flag-off-pm-modi-new-indian-railways-train-features-time-table%2Farticleshow%2F101292467.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/passengers-from-southern-districts-to-get-a-new-travel-experience-on-vande-bharat-express/article67338091.ece">"Passengers from south T.N. to get a new travel experience on Vande Bharat Expres"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 23 September 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231011202808/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/passengers-from-southern-districts-to-get-a-new-travel-experience-on-vande-bharat-express/article67338091.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Passengers+from+south+T.N.+to+get+a+new+travel+experience+on+Vande+Bharat+Expres&rft.date=2023-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2FMadurai%2Fpassengers-from-southern-districts-to-get-a-new-travel-experience-on-vande-bharat-express%2Farticle67338091.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1797573">"Status of Vistadome Trains"</a> (Press release). Indian Railways. 9 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240331170405/https://pib.gov.in/ErrorPage.html?aspxerrorpath=/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2024. 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Mint. 18 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107142327/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/indian-railways-to-provide-bedrolls-in-ac-3-tier-economy-coach-from-this-week-11663481311905.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. 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Times now. 27 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107142327/https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/industry/article/garib-rath-trains-to-get-new-ac-3-tier-economy-class-coaches-to-have-cheaper-fare-than-ac-3-tier/804617">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. 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Mint. 6 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240303105846/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/indian-railways-introduces-new-ac-3-economy-coaches-with-reduced-fare-details-here-11630921348173.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2024. 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Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Vande+Bharat+Express+timing+and+ticket+prices&rft.date=2023-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Findustry%2Ftransportation%2Frailways%2Fguwahati-new-jalpaiguri-vande-bharat-express-timing-ticket-prices-and-other-details-you-should-know%2Farticleshow%2F100581940.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.india.com/news/india/unreserved-general-railway-train-tickets-valid-for-only-three-hours-after-purchase-rule-applicable-from-march-1-2016-997342/">"Unreserved, General Railway train tickets valid for only three hours after purchase"</a>. India.com. 1 March 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107155332/https://www.india.com/news/india/unreserved-general-railway-train-tickets-valid-for-only-three-hours-after-purchase-rule-applicable-from-march-1-2016-997342/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. 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Retrieved 18 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=83+years+of+electric+suburban+rail&rft.date=2014-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2Fchennai%2F83-years-of-electric-suburban-rail%2Farticle5923173.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mtp.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,334">"Kolkata Metro"</a>. Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190705165731/https://mtp.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,334">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kolkata+Metro&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmtp.indianrailways.gov.in%2Fview_section.jsp%3FfontColor%3Dblack%26backgroundColor%3DLIGHTSTEELBLUE%26lang%3D0%26id%3D0%2C1%2C334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/irctc-launches-tour-package-from-kochuveli/article66927382.ece">"IRCTC launches tour package"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 3 June 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240109154537/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/irctc-launches-tour-package-from-kochuveli/article66927382.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=IRCTC+launches+tour+package&rft.date=2023-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fkerala%2Firctc-launches-tour-package-from-kochuveli%2Farticle66927382.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,2,320,378,1066">"Ministry of Railways (Railway Board)"</a>. Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140410173012/http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,2,320,378,1066">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Railways+%28Railway+Board%29&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianrailways.gov.in%2Frailwayboard%2Fview_section.jsp%3Flang%3D0%26id%3D0%2C2%2C320%2C378%2C1066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/pm-flags-off-gujarats-first-heritage-train-which-will-bring-tourists-to-statue-of-unity/article67479662.ece">"PM flags off Gujarat's first heritage train, which will bring tourists to Statue of Unity"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 31 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231105174247/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/pm-flags-off-gujarats-first-heritage-train-which-will-bring-tourists-to-statue-of-unity/article67479662.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=PM+flags+off+Gujarat%27s+first+heritage+train%2C+which+will+bring+tourists+to+Statue+of+Unity&rft.date=2023-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fother-states%2Fpm-flags-off-gujarats-first-heritage-train-which-will-bring-tourists-to-statue-of-unity%2Farticle67479662.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndtvprofit.com/business/irctc-indian-railways-ticket-reservation-5-online-rules-to-know-about-waitlisted-tickets-1955796">"Indian Railways Reservation Rules: 5 Things To Know About Waitlisted Tickets"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a>. 30 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240109154537/https://www.ndtvprofit.com/business/irctc-indian-railways-ticket-reservation-5-online-rules-to-know-about-waitlisted-tickets-1955796">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=Indian+Railways+Reservation+Rules%3A+5+Things+To+Know+About+Waitlisted+Tickets&rft.date=2018-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtvprofit.com%2Fbusiness%2Firctc-indian-railways-ticket-reservation-5-online-rules-to-know-about-waitlisted-tickets-1955796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tatkal-ticket-booking-charges-timings-cancellation-and-more/articleshow/63095041.cms">"Tatkal Ticket Booking: Charges, timings, cancellation and more"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a>. 2 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612105406/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tatkal-ticket-booking-charges-timings-cancellation-and-more/articleshow/63095041.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Tatkal+Ticket+Booking%3A+Charges%2C+timings%2C+cancellation+and+more&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Findia-business%2Ftatkal-ticket-booking-charges-timings-cancellation-and-more%2Farticleshow%2F63095041.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/traffic_comm/Comm-Cir2K12/ID_Proof_AC_Class_CC_4_2012.pdf">Provision for carrying proof</a> (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190712084141/http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/traffic_comm/Comm-Cir2K12/ID_Proof_AC_Class_CC_4_2012.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Provision+for+carrying+proof&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianrailways.gov.in%2Frailwayboard%2Fuploads%2Fdirectorate%2Ftraffic_comm%2FComm-Cir2K12%2FID_Proof_AC_Class_CC_4_2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/buy-suburban-train-tickets-via-app/article33712431.ece">"Buy suburban train tickets via app"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 1 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231226091808/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/buy-suburban-train-tickets-via-app/article33712431.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Buy+suburban+train+tickets+via+app&rft.date=2021-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2Fchennai%2Fbuy-suburban-train-tickets-via-app%2Farticle33712431.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVivek_Narayanan2012" class="citation news cs1">Vivek Narayanan (8 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article3394846.ece">"Wait for ticket gets painful"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511203206/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article3394846.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Wait+for+ticket+gets+painful&rft.date=2012-05-08&rft.au=Vivek+Narayanan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2Fchennai%2Farticle3394846.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,268&dcd=8532&did=15771820428170372B05269DDBB2851DEA3EB8F9D77E2">"Tourist Tickets introduced in Chennai Suburban"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern Railway zone</a>, Indian Railways. 24 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231226091811/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,268&dcd=8532&did=15771820428170372B05269DDBB2851DEA3EB8F9D77E2">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tourist+Tickets+introduced+in+Chennai+Suburban&rft.pub=Southern+Railway+zone%2C+Indian+Railways&rft.date=2019-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsr.indianrailways.gov.in%2Fview_detail.jsp%3Flang%3D0%26id%3D0%2C4%2C268%26dcd%3D8532%26did%3D15771820428170372B05269DDBB2851DEA3EB8F9D77E2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoshiI._M._D._Little1996" class="citation book cs1">Joshi, V; I. M. D. Little (17 October 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r31MYIrISFMC&q=indian+rail&pg=PA184">"Industrial Policy and Factor Markets"</a>. India's Economic Reforms, 1991–2001. US: Oxford University Press. p. 184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-1982-9078-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-1982-9078-0"><bdi>978-0-1982-9078-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240331170339/https://books.google.com/books?id=r31MYIrISFMC&q=indian+rail&pg=PA184#v=snippet&q=indian%20rail&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 25 June 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Industrial+Policy+and+Factor+Markets&rft.btitle=India%27s+Economic+Reforms%2C+1991%E2%80%932001&rft.place=US&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996-10-17&rft.isbn=978-0-1982-9078-0&rft.aulast=Joshi&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=I.+M.+D.+Little&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr31MYIrISFMC%26q%3Dindian%2Brail%26pg%3DPA184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-make-in-india-ge-to-supply-1000-diesel-locomotives-to-indian-railways-set-up-plant-in-bihar-2143977">"Make in India: GE to supply 1,000 diesel locomotives to Indian Railways; set up plant in Bihar"</a>. DNA India. 20 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240313215610/https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-make-in-india-ge-to-supply-1000-diesel-locomotives-to-indian-railways-set-up-plant-in-bihar-2143977">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024. <q>India's railways...offers some of the world's cheapest fares...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Make+in+India%3A+GE+to+supply+1%2C000+diesel+locomotives+to+Indian+Railways%3B+set+up+plant+in+Bihar&rft.date=2018-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fbusiness%2Freport-make-in-india-ge-to-supply-1000-diesel-locomotives-to-indian-railways-set-up-plant-in-bihar-2143977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?id=0,2,281,877">"Concession Rules"</a>. Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230718095039/https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?id=0,2,281,877">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Concession+Rules&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianrailways.gov.in%2Frailwayboard%2Fview_section.jsp%3Fid%3D0%2C2%2C281%2C877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSP_2016-17/Annual_Report_Accounts_Eng/2.pdf">Indian Railways White Paper 2016</a> (PDF) (Report). 25 February 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180226032211/http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSP_2016-17/Annual_Report_Accounts_Eng/2.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 26 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Indian+Railways+White+Paper+2016&rft.date=2018-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianrailways.gov.in%2Frailwayboard%2Fuploads%2Fdirectorate%2Fstat_econ%2FIRSP_2016-17%2FAnnual_Report_Accounts_Eng%2F2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/Railways%20Presentation.pdf">Vision and Plans: Indian Railways</a> (PDF) (Report). 25 February 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171118230400/http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/Railways%20Presentation.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Vision+and+Plans%3A+Indian+Railways&rft.date=2018-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianrailways.gov.in%2FRailways%2520Presentation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pib.nic.in/release/rel_print_page1.asp?relid=949">"Road-Rail Synergy System"</a> (Press release). Indian Railways. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605172834/http://pib.nic.in/release/rel_print_page1.asp?relid=949">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Road-Rail+Synergy+System&rft.pub=Indian+Railways&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpib.nic.in%2Frelease%2Frel_print_page1.asp%3Frelid%3D949&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Data-172">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Data_172-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Data_172-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loksabhadocs.nic.in/Refinput/New_Reference_Notes/English/15112019_160240_102120367.pdf">Indian Railways safety performance</a> (PDF) (Report). <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>. November 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Indian+Railways+safety+performance&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft.date=2019-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Floksabhadocs.nic.in%2FRefinput%2FNew_Reference_Notes%2FEnglish%2F15112019_160240_102120367.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy-politics/story/first-time-in-166-years-indian-railways-reports-zero-passenger-deaths-in-fy19-241448-2019-12-24">"First time in 166 years, Indian Railways reports zero passenger deaths in FY20"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Today_(India)" title="Business Today (India)">Business Today</a>. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Today&rft.atitle=First+time+in+166+years%2C+Indian+Railways+reports+zero+passenger+deaths+in+FY20&rft.date=2019-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstoday.in%2Flatest%2Feconomy-politics%2Fstory%2Ffirst-time-in-166-years-indian-railways-reports-zero-passenger-deaths-in-fy19-241448-2019-12-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/313-passengers-four-employees-died-in-40-train-accidents-in-2023-24-says-rti-reply/article68642890.ece">"313 passengers, four employees died in 40 train accidents in 2023-24, says RTI reply"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 14 September 2024. Retrieved 1 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=313+passengers%2C+four+employees+died+in+40+train+accidents+in+2023-24%2C+says+RTI+reply&rft.date=2024-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fkerala%2F313-passengers-four-employees-died-in-40-train-accidents-in-2023-24-says-rti-reply%2Farticle68642890.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndian+Railways" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Aguiar, Marian. Tracking Modernity: India's Railway and the Culture of Mobility (University of Minnesota Press; 2011) 226 pages; draws on literature, film, and other realms to explore the role of the railway in the Indian imagination. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0816665613/">excerpt and text search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bear" title="Laura Bear">Bear, Linda</a>. Lines of the Nation: Indian Railway Workers, Bureaucracy, and the Intimate Historical Self (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0231140029/">excerpt and text search</a></li> <li>Hurd, John, and Ian J. Kerr. India’s Railway History: A Research Handbook (Brill: 2012), 338pp</li> <li>Kerr, Ian J. Railways in Modern India (2001) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0195648285">excerpt and text search</a></li> <li>Kerr, Ian J. Engines of Change: The Railroads That Made India (2006)</li> <li>Kumar, Sudhir, and Shagun Mehrotra. Bankruptcy to Billions: How the Indian Railways Transformed Itself (2009)</li> <li>Macpherson, W. J. "Investment in Indian Railways, 1845-1875." Economic History Review, 8#2, 1955, pp. 177–186 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2590986">online</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Railways&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Indian_Railways" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indian Railways</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_organisational_structure" title="Indian Railways organisational structure">Authority</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Bhavan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail Bhavan">Rail Bhavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Railway_Board" title="Chairperson of the Railway Board">Railway Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Modernisation_of_Workshops" title="Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops">Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops</a> (COFMOW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Railway_Electrification" title="Central Organisation for Railway Electrification">Central Organisation for Railway Electrification</a> (CORE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Railway_Information_Systems" title="Centre for Railway Information Systems">Centre for Railway Information Systems</a> (CRIS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_of_Railway_Safety" title="Commission of Railway Safety">Commission of Railway Safety</a> (CRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_Corporation_of_India" title="Container Corporation of India">Container Corporation of India</a> (CCI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India">Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India</a> (DFCCIL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_of_India_Limited" title="High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited">High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited</a> (HSRI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Catering_and_Tourism_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation">Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation</a> (IRCTC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Finance_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Finance Corporation">Indian Railway Finance Corporation</a> (IRFC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railway_Stations_Development_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Stations Development Corporation">Indian Railway Stations Development Corporation</a> (IRSDC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ircon_International" title="Ircon International">Ircon International</a> (IRCON)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">Konkan Railway Corporation</a> (KRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Railway_Vikas_Corporation" title="Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation">Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation</a> (MRVC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_Limited" title="National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited">National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited</a> (NHSRCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_Amenities_Committee" title="Passenger Amenities Committee">Passenger Amenities Committee</a> (PAC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_India_Technical_and_Economic_Service" title="Rail India Technical and Economic Service">Rail India Technical and Economic Service</a> (RITES)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Land_Development_Authority" title="Rail Land Development Authority">Rail Land Development Authority</a> (RLDA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Vikas_Nigam" title="Rail Vikas Nigam">Rail Vikas Nigam</a> (RVNL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RailTel" title="RailTel">RailTel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">Railway Protection Force</a> (RPF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Recruitment_Control_Board" title="Railway Recruitment Control Board">Railway Recruitment Control Board</a> (RRCB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railways_Sports_Promotion_Board" title="Railways Sports Promotion Board">Railways Sports Promotion Board</a> (RSPB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_Design_and_Standards_Organisation" title="Research Design and Standards Organisation">Research Design and Standards Organisation</a> (RDSO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">Zones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Railway_zone" title="Central Railway zone">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Central_Railway_zone" title="East Central Railway zone">East Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_Railway_zone" title="East Coast Railway zone">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Railway_zone" title="Eastern Railway zone">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Railway,_Kolkata" title="Metro Railway, Kolkata">Kolkata Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone" title="North Central Railway zone">North Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="North Eastern Railway zone">North Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Frontier_Railway_zone" title="Northeast Frontier Railway zone">Northeast Frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Railway_zone" title="South Central Railway zone">South Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_Railway_zone" title="South Coast Railway zone">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_East_Central_Railway_zone" title="South East Central Railway zone">South East Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="South Eastern Railway zone">South Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Railway_zone" title="South Western Railway zone">South Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Central_Railway_zone" title="West Central Railway zone">West Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Railway_zone" title="Western Railway zone">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rolling_stock_of_India" title="Category:Rolling stock of India">Rolling stock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_coaching_stock" title="Indian Railways coaching stock">Coaching Stock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHB_coach" title="LHB coach">LHB coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejas-Rajdhani_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Tejas-Rajdhani Express">Tejas coach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainsets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Amrit Bharat (trainset)">Amrit Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_units_of_India" title="Multiple units of India">Multiple units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E5_and_H5_Series_Shinkansen#Export_to_India" title="E5 and H5 Series Shinkansen">Shinkansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">Vande Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(sleeper_trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (sleeper trainset)">Vande Bharat Sleeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Locomotives_of_India" title="Locomotives of India">Locomotives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagon_numbering_system_in_India" title="Wagon numbering system in India">Wagon Numbering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rolling_stock_manufacturers_of_India" title="Category:Rolling stock manufacturers of India">Manufacturing units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banaras_Locomotive_Works" title="Banaras Locomotive Works">Banaras Locomotive Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BEML_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="BEML Limited">BEML Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Heavy_Electricals_Limited" title="Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited">Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Wagon_and_Engineering" title="Bharat Wagon and Engineering">Bharat Wagon and Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braithwaite_%26_Co." title="Braithwaite & Co.">Braithwaite & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burn_Standard_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn Standard Company">Burn Standard Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Locomotive_Works" title="Chittaranjan Locomotive Works">Chittaranjan Locomotive Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Locomotive_Factory,_Marhowrah" title="Diesel Locomotive Factory, Marhowrah">Diesel Locomotive Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Locomotive_Factory,_Madhepura" title="Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura">Electric Locomotive Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latur_railway_station#Marathwada_Railway_Coach_Factory" title="Latur railway station">Marathwada Rail Coach Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patiala_Locomotive_Works" title="Patiala Locomotive Works">Patiala Locomotive Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory (Kapurthala)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonipat#Industrial_estates" title="Sonipat">Rail Coach Factory (Sonipat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Factory" title="Rail Wheel Factory">Rail Wheel Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Plant,_Bela" title="Rail Wheel Plant, Bela">Rail Wheel Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titagarh_Wagons" class="mw-redirect" title="Titagarh Wagons">Titagarh Wagons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_depots_in_India" title="Category:Railway depots in India">Railway depots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">Diesel Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Abu_Road" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Abu Road">Abu Road</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Alambagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Alambagh (page does not exist)">Alambagh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Andal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Andal (page does not exist)">Andal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bandra (page does not exist)">Bandra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bardhaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bardhaman (page does not exist)">Bardhaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bhagat_Ki_Kothi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bhagat Ki Kothi">Bhagat Ki Kothi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bokaro_Steel_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bokaro Steel City (page does not exist)">Bokaro Steel City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bondamunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bondamunda (page does not exist)">Bondamunda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Coonoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Coonoor (page does not exist)">Coonoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ernakulam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ernakulam">Ernakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Erode" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Erode">Erode</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gandhidham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gandhidham (page does not exist)">Gandhidham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Golden_Rock" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Golden Rock">Golden Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gonda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gonda (page does not exist)">Gonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gooty" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gooty">Gooty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Guntakal" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Guntakal">Guntakal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Howrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Howrah (page does not exist)">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Hubli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Hubli (page does not exist)">Hubli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Itarsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Itarsi">Itarsi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Izzatnagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Izzatnagar (page does not exist)">Izzatnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Jamalpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Jamalpur (page does not exist)">Jamalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Jhansi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Jhansi (page does not exist)">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kalka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kalka (page does not exist)">Kalka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kalyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kalyan">Kalyan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kazipet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kazipet (page does not exist)">Kazipet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kharagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kharagpur (page does not exist)">Kharagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Krishnarajapuram" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Krishnarajapuram">Krishnarajapuram </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kurla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kurla (page does not exist)">Kurla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ludhiana" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ludhiana">Ludhiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Lumding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Lumding (page does not exist)">Lumding</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Malda_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Malda Town (page does not exist)">Malda Town</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Mhow" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Mhow">Mhow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Motibagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Motibagh (page does not exist)">Motibagh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Mughalsarai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Mughalsarai (page does not exist)">Mughalsarai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_New_Guwahati_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, New Guwahati City (page does not exist)">New Guwahati City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_New_Katani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, New Katani (page does not exist)">New Katani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Patratu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Patratu (page does not exist)">Patratu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Pratapnagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Pratapnagar (page does not exist)">Pratapnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Pune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Pune (page does not exist)">Pune</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Raipur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Raipur (page does not exist)">Raipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ratlam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ratlam">Ratlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Sabarmati" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Sabarmati">Sabarmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Samastipur" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Samastipur">Samastipur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Shakurbasti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Shakurbasti (page does not exist)">Shakurbasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Siliguri" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Siliguri">Siliguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Tondiarpet" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Tondiarpet">Tondiarpet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Tughlakabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Tughlakabad (page does not exist)">Tughlakabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Vatva" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Vatva">Vatva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Vijayawada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Vijayawada (page does not exist)">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Visakhapatnam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">Electric Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ajni" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ajni">Ajni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Angul" title="Electric Loco Shed, Angul">Angul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Arakkonam" title="Electric Loco Shed, Arakkonam">Arakkonam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Asansol" title="Electric Loco Shed, Asansol">Asansol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Barauni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Barauni (page does not exist)">Barauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bhilai" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bhilai">Bhilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bhusawal" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bhusawal">Bhusawal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bilaspur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bilaspur (page does not exist)">Bilaspur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bokaro_Steel_City" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bokaro Steel City">Bokaro Steel City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bondamunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bondamunda (page does not exist)">Bondamunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Erode" title="Electric Loco Shed, Erode">Erode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ghaziabad" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ghaziabad">Ghaziabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Gomoh" title="Electric Loco Shed, Gomoh">Gomoh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Gorakhpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Gorakhpur (page does not exist)">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Guntakal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Guntakal (page does not exist)">Guntakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Howrah" title="Electric Loco Shed, Howrah">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ispat_Nagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ispat Nagar (page does not exist)">Ispat Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Itarsi" title="Electric Loco Shed, Itarsi">Itarsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Jhansi" title="Electric Loco Shed, Jhansi">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kalyan" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kalyan">Kalyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kanpur" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kanpur">Kanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Katni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Katni (page does not exist)">Katni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kazipet" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kazipet">Kazipet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Khanalampura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Khanalampura (page does not exist)">Khanalampura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Lallaguda" title="Electric Loco Shed, Lallaguda">Lallaguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ludhiana" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ludhiana">Ludhiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Mughalsarai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Mughalsarai (page does not exist)">Mughalsarai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Nagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Nagpur (page does not exist)">Nagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Rourkela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Rourkela (page does not exist)">Rourkela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Royapuram" title="Electric Loco Shed, Royapuram">Royapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Saharanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Saharanpur (page does not exist)">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Saiyedpur_Bhitri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Saiyedpur Bhitri (page does not exist)">Saiyedpur Bhitri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Tatanagar" title="Electric Loco Shed, Tatanagar">Tatanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Tuglakabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Loco Shed, Tuglakabad">Tughlakabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Vadodara" title="Electric Loco Shed, Vadodara">Vadodara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Valsad" title="Electric Loco Shed, Valsad">Valsad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Vijayawada" title="Electric Loco Shed, Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Visakhapatnam" title="Electric Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">Steam Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Coonoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rewari_Railway_Heritage_Museum" title="Rewari Railway Heritage Museum">Rewari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple Unit">Multiple Unit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diesel_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Multiple Unit">DEMU/DMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Bangalore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Bangalore (page does not exist)">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Budgam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Budgam (page does not exist)">Budgam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Gondia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Gondia (page does not exist)">Gondia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Jalandhar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Jalandhar (page does not exist)">Jalandhar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Jamalpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Jamalpur (page does not exist)">Jamalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Motibagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Motibagh (page does not exist)">Motibagh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Shakurbasti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Shakurbasti (page does not exist)">Shakurbasti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Vijayawada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Vijayawada (page does not exist)">Vijayawada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electric_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Multiple Unit">EMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Avadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Avadi (page does not exist)">Avadi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Bandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Bandel (page does not exist)">Bandel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Barasat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Barasat (page does not exist)">Barasat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Ghaziabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Ghaziabad (page does not exist)">Ghaziabad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Howrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Howrah (page does not exist)">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kalwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kalwa (page does not exist)">Kalwa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kandivali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kandivali (page does not exist)">Kandivali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kharagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kharagpur (page does not exist)">Kharagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kurla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kurla (page does not exist)">Kurla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Mumbai_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Mumbai Central (page does not exist)">Mumbai Central</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Narkeldanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Narkeldanga (page does not exist)">Narkeldanga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Panskura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Panskura (page does not exist)">Panskura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Ranaghat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Ranaghat (page does not exist)">Ranaghat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Saharanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Saharanpur (page does not exist)">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Sanpada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Sanpada (page does not exist)">Sanpada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Sonarpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Sonarpur (page does not exist)">Sonarpur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Tambaram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Tambaram (page does not exist)">Tambaram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Tikiapara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Tikiapara (page does not exist)">Tikiapara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Velachery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Velachery (page does not exist)">Velachery</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Virar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Virar (page does not exist)">Virar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MEMU" title="MEMU">MEMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Asansol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Asansol (page does not exist)">Asansol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Bhilai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Bhilai (page does not exist)">Bhilai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Kanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Kanpur (page does not exist)">Kanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_MEMU_Shed" title="Kollam MEMU Shed">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Palakkad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Palakkad (page does not exist)">Palakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Rajahmundry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Rajahmundry (page does not exist)">Rajahmundry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Vadodara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Vadodara (page does not exist)">Vadodara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kolkata_Metro_depots_and_yards" title="List of Kolkata Metro depots and yards">Kolkata Metro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noapara_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Noapara depot">Noapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tollygunge_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Tollygunge depot">Tollygunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Garia_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="New Garia depot">New Garia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Park depot">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joka_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Joka depot">Joka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Main_railway_lines_of_India" title="Category:Main railway lines of India">Main</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Central%E2%80%93Bangalore_City_line" title="Chennai Central–Bangalore City line">Chennai–Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Allahabad%E2%80%93Mumbai_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Howrah–Allahabad–Mumbai line">Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Nagpur%E2%80%93Mumbai_line" title="Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line">Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="Howrah–Chennai main line">Howrah–Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Delhi_main_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Howrah–Delhi main line">Howrah–Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Gaya%E2%80%93Delhi_line" title="Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line">Howrah–Gaya–Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Chennai_line" title="Mumbai–Chennai line">Mumbai–Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Chennai main line">New Delhi–Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Mumbai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Mumbai main line">New Delhi–Mumbai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High-speed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Ahmedabad_high-speed_rail_corridor" title="Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor">Mumbai–Ahmedabad</a> (Under construction)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suburban_rail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban rail in India">Suburban</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Mass_Rapid_Transit_System" title="Chennai Mass Rapid Transit System">Chennai MRTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Suburban_Railway" title="Chennai Suburban Railway">Chennai Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Suburban_Railway" title="Delhi Suburban Railway">Delhi Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pune_Suburban_Railway" title="Pune Suburban Railway">Pune Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_Multi-Modal_Transport_System" title="Hyderabad Multi-Modal Transport System">Hyderabad MMTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Suburban_Railway" title="Kolkata Suburban Railway">Kolkata Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Mumbai Suburban</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">Mountain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_Railway" title="Darjeeling Himalayan Railway">Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalka-Shimla_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalka-Shimla Railway">Kalka-Shimla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Nilgiri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Named_passenger_trains_of_India" title="Category:Named passenger trains of India">Passenger trains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">Semi-High speed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_Express" title="Amrit Bharat Express">Amrit Bharat Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duronto_Express" title="Duronto Express">Duronto Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatimaan_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatimaan Express">Gatimaan Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejas_Express" title="Tejas Express">Tejas Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(Sleeper)_Express" title="Vande Bharat (Sleeper) Express">Vande Bharat (Sleeper) Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AC_Express_(Indian_Railways)" title="AC Express (Indian Railways)">AC Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Decker_Express" title="Double Decker Express">AC Double Decker Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humsafar_Express" title="Humsafar Express">Humsafar Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uday_Express" title="Uday Express">Uday Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Express_trains_in_India" title="Express trains in India">Express</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antyodaya_Express" title="Antyodaya Express">Antyodaya Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garib_Rath_Express" title="Garib Rath Express">Garib Rath Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercity_Express_(Indian_Railways)" title="Intercity Express (Indian Railways)">Intercity Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Sadharan_Express" title="Jan Sadharan Express">Jan Sadharan Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Shatabdi_Express" title="Jan Shatabdi Express">Jan Shatabdi Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahamana_Express" title="Mahamana Express">Mahamana Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampark_Kranti_Express" title="Sampark Kranti Express">Sampark Kranti Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvidha_Express" title="Suvidha Express">Suvidha Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajya_Rani_Express" title="Rajya Rani Express">Rajya Rani Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivek_Express" title="Vivek Express">Vivek Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuva_Express" title="Yuva Express">Yuva Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_rail_trains_in_India" title="Luxury rail trains in India">Luxury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deccan_Odyssey" title="Deccan Odyssey">Deccan Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Queen_(locomotive)" title="Fairy Queen (locomotive)">Fairy Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Chariot" title="Golden Chariot">Golden Chariot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahaparinirvan_Express" title="Mahaparinirvan Express">Mahaparinirvan Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharajas%27_Express" title="Maharajas' Express">Maharajas' Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_on_Wheels" title="Palace on Wheels">Palace on Wheels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramayana_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramayana Express">Ramayana Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Orient" title="Royal Orient">Royal Orient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Rajasthan_on_Wheels" title="Royal Rajasthan on Wheels">Royal Rajasthan on Wheels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_on_Wheels" title="Village on Wheels">Village on Wheels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lifeline_Express" title="Lifeline Express">Lifeline Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ribbon_Express" title="Red Ribbon Express">Red Ribbon Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Express" title="Science Express">Science Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slow_and_fast_passenger_trains_in_India" title="Slow and fast passenger trains in India">Passenger trains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vande_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Vande Metro">Vande Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_stations_in_India" title="Category:Railway stations in India">Stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Categorization_of_Indian_Railway_stations_by_commercial_importance" title="Categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Chennai" title="Railway stations in Chennai">Chennai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennai Central">Chennai Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_Egmore_railway_station" title="Chennai Egmore railway station">Chennai Egmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambaram_railway_station" title="Tambaram railway station">Tambaram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_stations_in_Delhi" title="List of railway stations in Delhi">Delhi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Junction_railway_station" title="Delhi Junction railway station">Delhi Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazrat_Nizamuddin_railway_station" title="Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station">Hazrat Nizamuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi_railway_station" title="New Delhi railway station">New Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_stations_in_Kolkata" title="Category:Railway stations in Kolkata">Kolkata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howrah_railway_station" title="Howrah railway station">Howrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah_railway_station" title="Howrah railway station">Howrah South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealdah_railway_station" title="Sealdah railway station">Sealdah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Mumbai" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway stations in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dadar_railway_station" title="Dadar railway station">Dadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Junction_railway_station" title="Kalyan Junction railway station">Kalyan Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Central_railway_station" title="Mumbai Central railway station">Mumbai Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_CSMT" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai CSMT">Mumbai CSMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokmanya_Tilak_Terminus" title="Lokmanya Tilak Terminus">Mumbai LTT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panvel_railway_station" title="Panvel railway station">Panvel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad_Junction_railway_station" title="Ahmedabad Junction railway station">Ahmedabad Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur_Junction_railway_station" title="Gorakhpur Junction railway station">Gorakhpur Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSR_Bengaluru_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="KSR Bengaluru railway station">KSR Bengaluru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patna_Junction_railway_station" title="Patna Junction railway station">Patna Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pune_Junction_railway_station" title="Pune Junction railway station">Pune Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secunderabad_Junction_railway_station" title="Secunderabad Junction railway station">Secunderabad Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_railway_station" title="Surat railway station">Surat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thane_railway_station" title="Thane railway station">Thane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayawada_Junction_railway_station" title="Vijayawada Junction railway station">Vijayawada Jn.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam_railway_station" title="Visakhapatnam railway station">Visakhapatnam Jn.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_junction_stations_in_India" title="Category:Railway junction stations in India">Junctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rapid_transit_stations_in_India" title="Category:Rapid transit stations in India">Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Centralised_Training_Institutes_of_the_Indian_Railways" title="Centralised Training Institutes of the Indian Railways">Training institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Civil_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering</a> (IRICEN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Electrical_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering</a> (IRICEE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Mechanical_and_Electrical_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering</a> (IRIMEE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Signal_Engineering_and_Telecommunications" title="Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications">Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications</a> (IRISET)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Railways_Track_Machine_Training_Centre" title="Indian Railways Track Machine Training Centre">Indian Railways Track Machine Training Centre</a> (IRTMTC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Indian_Railways" title="National Academy of Indian Railways">National Academy of Indian Railways</a> (NAIR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rail_and_Transportation_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rail and Transportation Institute">National Rail and Transportation Institute</a> (NRTI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagjivan_Ram_Railway_Protection_Force_Academy" title="Jagjivan Ram Railway Protection Force Academy">Jagjivan Ram Railway Protection Force Academy</a> (JRRPFA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_in_Indian_Railways" title="Category:Trade unions in Indian Railways">Trade unions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Railwaymen%27s_Federation" title="All India Railwaymen's Federation">All India Railwaymen's Federation</a> (AIRF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Station_Masters%27_Association" title="All India Station Masters' Association">All India Station Masters' Association</a> (AISMA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation_Employees_Union" title="Konkan Railway Corporation Employees Union">Konkan Railway Corporation Employees Union</a> (KRCEU)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_accidents_and_incidents_in_India" title="List of railway accidents and incidents in India">Accidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-collision_device" title="Anti-collision device">Anti-collision device</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kavach_(train_protection_system)" title="Kavach (train protection system)">Kavach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_rail_transport_in_India" title="Future of rail transport in India">Future</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Quadrilateral" title="Diamond Quadrilateral">Diamond Quadrilateral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India#History" title="Rail transport in India">History of Rail Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_vehicle_board" class="mw-redirect" title="Last vehicle board">Last vehicle board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_budget_of_India" title="Railway budget of India">Railway budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_schools_in_India" title="Railway schools in India">Railway schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_Warning_System_(India)" title="Train Warning System (India)">Train Warning System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_rail_transit_in_India" title="Urban rail transit in India">Urban Rail Transit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_Railways" title="Category:Indian Railways">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rail_transport_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rail_transport_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Asia">Rail transport in Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Afghanistan" title="Rail transport in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Azerbaijan" title="Rail transport in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Bahrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Bhutan" title="Rail transport in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Brunei" title="Rail transport in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Cambodia" title="Rail transport in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_China" title="Rail transport in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Indonesia" title="Rail transport in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Israel" title="Rail transport in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Japan" title="Rail transport in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Jordan" title="Rail transport in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_North_Korea" title="Rail transport in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_South_Korea" title="Rail transport in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Kyrgyzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Laos" title="Rail transport in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Lebanon" title="Rail transport in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Malaysia" title="Rail transport in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Mongolia" title="Rail transport in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Myanmar" title="Rail transport in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Russia" title="Rail transport in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rail transport in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Singapore" title="Rail transport in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Tajikistan" title="Rail transport in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Thailand" title="Rail transport in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Turkey" title="Rail transport in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Turkmenistan" title="Rail transport in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Rail transport in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Uzbekistan" title="Rail transport in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Vietnam" title="Rail transport in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rail_transport_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rail transport in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rail_transport_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rail transport in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Taiwan" title="Rail transport in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Hong_Kong" title="Rail transport in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transport_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transport_in_India" title="Template:Transport in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transport_in_India" title="Template talk:Transport in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transport_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transport in India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transport_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_India" title="Roads in India">Road</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Road_Transport_and_Highways" title="Ministry of Road Transport and Highways">Ministry of Road Transport and Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highways_Authority_of_India" title="National Highways Authority of India">National Highways Authority of India</a> (NHAI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highways_Development_Project" title="National Highways Development Project">National Highways Development Project</a> (NHDP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highways_and_Infrastructure_Development_Corporation_Limited" title="National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited">National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited</a> (NHIDCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressways_of_India" title="Expressways of India">Expressways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_highways_of_India" title="National highways of India">National highways</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_highways_in_India" title="List of national highways in India">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_highways_in_India" title="State highways in India">State highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bus_rapid_transit_systems_in_India" title="List of bus rapid transit systems in India">Bus rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Vehicles_Act" title="Motor Vehicles Act">Motor Vehicles Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Vehicles_Act,_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor Vehicles Act, 1988">1988</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_collisions_in_India" title="Traffic collisions in India">Traffic collisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Ports_Authority_of_India" title="Land Ports Authority of India">Land Ports Authority of India</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/40px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/60px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/80px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indian Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India">Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_of_India_Limited" title="High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited">High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_Limited" title="National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited">National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">High-speed rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_rail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban rail in India">Suburban rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapid transit in India">Rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_rail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Light rail in India">Light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monorail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Monorail in India">Monorail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Trams in India">Tram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_lines_in_India" title="List of railway lines in India">List of railway lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_stations_in_India" title="List of railway stations in India">List of railway stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railways_Act,_1989" title="Railways Act, 1989">Railways Act, 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_accidents_and_incidents_in_India" title="List of railway accidents and incidents in India">Rail accidents and incidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_India" title="Aviation in India">Air</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Aviation_(India)" title="Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)">Ministry of Civil Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Civil_Aviation_(India)" title="Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India)">Directorate General of Civil Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airports_Authority_of_India" title="Airports Authority of India">Airports Authority of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_India" title="List of airlines of India">List of airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_India" title="List of airports in India">List of airports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_transport_in_India" title="Water transport in India">Water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Ports,_Shipping_and_Waterways" title="Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways">Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_Corporation_of_India" title="Shipping Corporation of India">Shipping Corporation of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Waterways_Authority_of_India" title="Inland Waterways Authority of India">Inland Waterways Authority of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_waterways_in_India" title="List of national waterways in India">List of national waterways in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_India" title="List of ports in India">List of ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Waterways_Act,_2016" title="National Waterways Act, 2016">National Waterways Act, 2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Transport in Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Eluru" title="Transport in Eluru">Eluru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Vijayawada" title="Transport in Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Visakhapatnam" title="Transport in Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Karnataka" title="Transport in Karnataka">Karnataka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bangalore" title="Transport in Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Mangalore" title="Transport in Mangalore">Mangalore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kerala#Transportation" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kochi" title="Transport in Kochi">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kollam" title="Transport in Kollam">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Thiruvananthapuram" title="Transport in Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Thrissur" title="Transport in Thrissur">Thrissur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Maharashtra" title="Transport in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_Mumbai" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transport in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Nagpur" title="Transport in Nagpur">Nagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Pune" title="Transport in Pune">Pune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Transport in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Chennai" title="Transport in Chennai">Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Coimbatore" title="Transport in Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Madurai" title="Transport in Madurai">Madurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Tiruchirappalli" title="Transport in Tiruchirappalli">Tiruchirappalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telangana#Transport" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hyderabad" title="Transport in Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal#Transport" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Darjeeling" title="Transport in Darjeeling">Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kolkata" title="Transport in Kolkata">Kolkata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh#Transport" title="Arunachal Pradesh">AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam#Transport" title="Assam">AS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bihar" title="Transport in Bihar">BR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh#Transport" title="Chhattisgarh">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa#Transport" title="Goa">GA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarat#Transport" title="Gujarat">GJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana#Transport" title="Haryana">HR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Transport in Himachal Pradesh">HP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">JK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand#Transport" title="Jharkhand">JH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh#Transport" title="Madhya Pradesh">MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipur#Transport" title="Manipur">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalaya#Transport" title="Meghalaya">ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizoram#Transport" title="Mizoram">MZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaland#Transport" title="Nagaland">NL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha#Transport" title="Odisha">OD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India#Transport" title="Punjab, India">PB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan#Transport" title="Rajasthan">RJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim#Transport" title="Sikkim">SK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura#Transport" title="Tripura">TR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh#Transport" title="Uttar Pradesh">UP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand#Transport" title="Uttarakhand">UT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Union territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands#Transport" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">AN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh#Transport" title="Chandigarh">CH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli#Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli">DN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daman_and_Diu#Transport" title="Daman and Diu">DD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Delhi" title="Transport in Delhi">DL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep#Transport" title="Lakshadweep">LD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)#Transport" title="Puducherry (union territory)">PY</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Transport_Office" title="Regional Transport Office">Regional Transport Office</a> (RTO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Regional_Transport_Office_districts_in_India" title="List of Regional Transport Office districts in India">List of RTOs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_India" title="Vehicle registration plates of India">Licence plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_licence_in_India" title="Driving licence in India">Driving licence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_signs_in_India" title="Road signs in India">Road signs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_limits_in_India" title="Speed limits in India">Speed limits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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