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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Micheil+Saakasjvili" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Micheil+Saakasjvili" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Micheil+Saakasjvili" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" 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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Jonge_jaren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jonge_jaren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Jonge jaren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jonge_jaren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politicus_onder_Sjevardnadze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politicus_onder_Sjevardnadze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Politicus onder Sjevardnadze</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politicus_onder_Sjevardnadze-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Politicus onder Sjevardnadze-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politicus_onder_Sjevardnadze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rozenrevolutie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rozenrevolutie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rozenrevolutie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rozenrevolutie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidentschap:_eerste_termijn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidentschap:_eerste_termijn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Presidentschap: eerste termijn</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presidentschap:_eerste_termijn-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Presidentschap: eerste termijn-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Presidentschap:_eerste_termijn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Territoriale_hereniging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territoriale_hereniging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Territoriale hereniging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territoriale_hereniging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Op_bezoek_in_Nederland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Op_bezoek_in_Nederland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Op bezoek in Nederland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Op_bezoek_in_Nederland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontevreden_bevolking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontevreden_bevolking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ontevreden bevolking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontevreden_bevolking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidentschap:_tweede_termijn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidentschap:_tweede_termijn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Presidentschap: tweede termijn</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presidentschap:_tweede_termijn-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Presidentschap: tweede termijn-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Presidentschap:_tweede_termijn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Russisch-Georgische Oorlog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oekraïne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oekraïne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Oekraïne</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oekraïne-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Oekraïne-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oekraïne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gouverneur_in_Odessa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gouverneur_in_Odessa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Gouverneur in Odessa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gouverneur_in_Odessa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intrekking_Oekraïens_staatsburgerschap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intrekking_Oekraïens_staatsburgerschap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Intrekking Oekraïens staatsburgerschap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intrekking_Oekraïens_staatsburgerschap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verblijf_in_Nederland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verblijf_in_Nederland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Verblijf in Nederland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verblijf_in_Nederland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-corruptie-adviseur_voor_Zelensky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-corruptie-adviseur_voor_Zelensky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Anti-corruptie-adviseur voor Zelensky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-corruptie-adviseur_voor_Zelensky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arrestatie_in_Georgië" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrestatie_in_Georgië"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Arrestatie in Georgië</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrestatie_in_Georgië-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referenties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Micheil Saakasjvili</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 109 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-109" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">109 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Atjehs" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atjehs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakasjwili" title="Micheil Saakasjwili – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Micheil Saakasjwili" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ميخائيل ساكاشفيلي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميخائيل ساكاشفيلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mije%C3%ADl_Saakashvili" title="Mijeíl Saakashvili – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mijeíl Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixeil_Saaka%C5%9Fvili" title="Mixeil Saakaşvili – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mixeil Saakaşvili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="میخائیل ساکاشویلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میخائیل ساکاشویلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Міхаіл Саакашвілі – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міхаіл Саакашвілі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Міхэіл Саакашвілі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міхэіл Саакашвілі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михаил Саакашвили – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Михаил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mic%27hail_Saakachvili" title="Mic'hail Saakachvili – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mic'hail Saakachvili" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Sakaixvili" title="Mikheil Sakaixvili – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mikheil Sakaixvili" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Michail Saakašvili – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Michail Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakasjvili" title="Mikheil Saakasjvili – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mikheil Saakasjvili" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakaschwili" title="Micheil Saakaschwili – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Micheil Saakaschwili" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AE%CE%BB_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Μιχαήλ Σαακασβίλι – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιχαήλ Σαακασβίλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%A5eil_Saaka%C5%9Dvili" title="Miĥeil Saakaŝvili – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Miĥeil Saakaŝvili" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADjeil_Saakashvili" title="Míjeil Saakashvili – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Míjeil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Mihheil Saakašvili – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mihheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakaxvili" title="Mikheil Saakaxvili – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mikheil Saakaxvili" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Extremeens" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A2%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="میخیل ساآکاشویلی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میخیل ساآکاشویلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Mikheil Saakašvili – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mikheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakachvili" title="Mikheil Saakachvili – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mikheil Saakachvili" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakaschwili" title="Micheil Saakaschwili – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Micheil Saakaschwili" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Friulisch" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99" title="מיכאיל סאקשווילי – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיכאיל סאקשווילי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Miheil Saakašvili – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Miheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheil_Szaakasvili" title="Miheil Szaakasvili – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Miheil Szaakasvili" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%A5%D5%AB%D5%AC_%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Միխեիլ Սաակաշվիլի – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միխեիլ Սաակաշվիլի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%AC_%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Միխայիլ Սահակաշվիլի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Միխայիլ Սահակաշվիլի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Saakashvili" title="Mikhail Saakashvili – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikhail Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Saakasvili" title="Mihail Saakasvili – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mihail Saakasvili" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saak%27ashvili" title="Mikheil Saak'ashvili – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mikheil Saak'ashvili" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%98%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA" title="ミヘイル・サアカシュヴィリ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミヘイル・サアカシュヴィリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Saakashvili" title="Mikhail Saakashvili – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mikhail Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მიხეილ სააკაშვილი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მიხეილ სააკაშვილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михаил Саакашвили – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Михаил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%B9%B4%EC%8A%88%EB%B9%8C%EB%A6%AC" title="미헤일 사카슈빌리 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미헤일 사카슈빌리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakaschwili" title="Micheil Saakaschwili – Kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Micheil Saakaschwili" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AExe%C3%AEl_Saaka%C5%9Fv%C3%AEl%C3%AE" title="Mîxeîl Saakaşvîlî – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mîxeîl Saakaşvîlî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Michael Saakašvili – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Michael Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakaschwili" title="Micheil Saakaschwili – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Micheil Saakaschwili" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saak%27ashvili" title="Mikheil Saak'ashvili – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mikheil Saak'ashvili" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheilas_Saaka%C5%A1vilis" title="Micheilas Saakašvilis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Micheilas Saakašvilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Letgaals" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Letgaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheils_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Miheils Saakašvili – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Miheils Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михайила Саакашвили – Moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Михайила Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakachvili" title="Mikheil Saakachvili – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mikheil Saakachvili" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михаил Саакашвили – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Михаил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михаил Саакашвили – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Михаил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="मिखाइल साकाश्विली – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मिखाइल साकाश्विली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakasjvili" title="Mikheil Saakasjvili – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mikheil Saakasjvili" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakasjvili" title="Mikheil Saakasjvili – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mikheil Saakasjvili" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B_%D1%84%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82" title="Саакашвили, Михаил Николозы фырт – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Саакашвили, Михаил Николозы фырт" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakaszwili" title="Micheil Saakaszwili – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Micheil Saakaszwili" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mijeil_Saakashvili" title="Mijeil Saakashvili – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mijeil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Kirundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Kirundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheil_Saaka%C8%99vili" title="Miheil Saakașvili – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Miheil Saakașvili" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Aroemeens" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aroemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Саакашвили, Михаил Николаевич – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саакашвили, Михаил Николаевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Mihail Saakašvili – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mihail Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Micheil Saakašvili – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Micheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Miheil Saakašvili – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Miheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Samoaans" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Mikheil Saakašvili – Inari-Samisch" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Mikheil Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari-Samisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Sakashvili" title="Mihail Sakashvili – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mihail Sakashvili" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михеил Сакашвили – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Михеил Сакашвили" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Sranantongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranantongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micheil_Saakasjvili" title="Micheil Saakasjvili – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Micheil Saakasjvili" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="மிக்கைல் சாக்கஷ்விலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிக்கைல் சாக்கஷ்விலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михаил Саакашвили – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Михаил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="มีเคอิล ซาคัชวีลี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มีเคอิล ซาคัชวีลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixail_Saaka%C5%A1vili" title="Mixail Saakašvili – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mixail Saakašvili" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miheil_Saaka%C5%9Fvili" title="Miheil Saakaşvili – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Miheil Saakaşvili" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Михеил Саакашвили – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Михеил Саакашвили" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Міхеіл Саакашвілі – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міхеіл Саакашвілі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixail_Saakashvili" title="Mixail Saakashvili – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mixail Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E5%8D%A1%E4%BB%80%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%A9" title="米哈伊尔·萨卡什维利 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="米哈伊尔·萨卡什维利" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მიხეილ სააკაშვილი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მიხეილ სააკაშვილი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99" title="מיכאיל סאקאשווילי – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיכאיל סאקאשווילי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili – Zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Mikheil Saakashvili" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%8D%A1%E4%BB%80%E7%B6%AD%E5%88%A9" title="米哈伊爾·薩卡什維利 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="米哈伊爾·薩卡什維利" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%8D%A1%E4%BB%80%E7%B6%AD%E5%88%A9" title="薩卡什維利 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="薩卡什維利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" 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encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Micheil Saakasjvili </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:President_of_Georgia_Mikheil_Saakashvili_in_Tbilisi,_March_22,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Micheil Saakasjvili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/President_of_Georgia_Mikheil_Saakashvili_in_Tbilisi%2C_March_22%2C_2008.jpg/266px-President_of_Georgia_Mikheil_Saakashvili_in_Tbilisi%2C_March_22%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/President_of_Georgia_Mikheil_Saakashvili_in_Tbilisi%2C_March_22%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="440" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboren </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/21_december" title="21 december">21 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgi%C3%AB" title="Georgië">Georgië</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Politieke partij </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nationale_Beweging" title="Verenigde Nationale Beweging">Verenigde Nationale Beweging</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Partner </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Roelofs" title="Sandra Roelofs">Sandra Roelofs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Handtekening </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Handtekening"><img alt="Handtekening" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg/128px-Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg/192px-Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg/256px-Mikheil_Saakashvili_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="70" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3">3e <a href="/wiki/President_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="President van Georgië">President van Georgië</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2">25 januari 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Einde termijn </th> <td colspan="2">25 november 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> (wnd.) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2">Nino Boerdzjanadze (wnd.) </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3">3e President van Georgië </th></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2">20 januari 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Einde termijn </th> <td colspan="2">17 november 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2">Nino Boerdzjanadze (wnd.) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Giorgi_Margvelasjvili" title="Giorgi Margvelasjvili">Giorgi Margvelasjvili</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Politiek" title="Portaal:Politiek">Politiek</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Micheil Saakasjvili</b> (<a href="/wiki/Georgisch" title="Georgisch">Georgisch</a>: <span lang="ka" title="Georgisch">მიხეილ სააკაშვილი</span>) (<a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/21_december" title="21 december">21 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a>) is een <a href="/wiki/Georgi%C3%AB" title="Georgië">Georgisch</a>-<a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïens</a> politicus. Hij was van 2004 tot 2013 de <a href="/wiki/President_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="President van Georgië">president van Georgië</a> namens zijn partij de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nationale_Beweging" title="Verenigde Nationale Beweging">Verenigde Nationale Beweging</a>. Saakasjvili was oppositieleider tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Rozenrevolutie" title="Rozenrevolutie">Rozenrevolutie</a> in november 2003, toen president <a href="/wiki/Edoeard_Sjevardnadze" title="Edoeard Sjevardnadze">Sjevardnadze</a> tot aftreden werd gedwongen. </p><p>In 2015-2016 was Saakasjvili gouverneur van de Oekraïense regio <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Odessa" title="Oblast Odessa">Odessa</a> en 2020-2021 was hij hoofd van het uitvoerend comité van de Nationale Hervormingsraad, een adviesorgaan van de Oekraïense president <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Zelensky</a>. In de nacht voor de Georgische gemeenteraadsverkiezingen van oktober 2021 dook Saakasjvili plotseling op <a href="/wiki/Batoemi" title="Batoemi">Batoemi</a>. Hij werd daags daarna gearresteerd en gevangengezet vanwege illegale grensoverschrijding en de lopende aanklachten tegen hem. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jonge_jaren">Jonge jaren</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Jonge jaren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Jonge jaren"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saakasjvili studeerde Internationaal recht in Oekraïne en aan het <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internationaal_Instituut_voor_de_Mensenrechten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internationaal Instituut voor de Mensenrechten (de pagina bestaat niet)">Internationaal Instituut voor de Mensenrechten</a> in <a href="/wiki/Straatsburg" title="Straatsburg">Straatsburg</a>. Tijdens een <a href="/wiki/Rechten_van_de_mens" title="Rechten van de mens">mensenrechtencursus</a> in Frankrijk ontmoette hij zijn latere echtgenote, de Nederlandse <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Roelofs" title="Sandra Roelofs">Sandra Roelofs</a> uit <a href="/wiki/Terneuzen_(stad)" title="Terneuzen (stad)">Terneuzen</a>. Het paar vertrok naar <a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a> waar Saakasjvili rechten studeerde aan de <a href="/wiki/Columbia-universiteit" title="Columbia-universiteit">Columbia-universiteit</a>. Vervolgens werkte hij in de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten" title="Verenigde Staten">Verenigde Staten</a> als <a href="/wiki/Jurist" title="Jurist">jurist</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politicus_onder_Sjevardnadze">Politicus onder Sjevardnadze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Politicus onder Sjevardnadze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Politicus onder Sjevardnadze"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1995 verhuisde Saakasjvili naar Georgië, waar hij lid werd van het <a href="/wiki/Parlement_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="Parlement van Georgië">parlement van Georgië</a> voor de <a href="/wiki/Burgerunie_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="Burgerunie van Georgië">Burgerunie</a>, de partij van <a href="/wiki/Edoeard_Sjevardnadze" title="Edoeard Sjevardnadze">Edoeard Sjevardnadze</a>. In 2000 werd Saakasjvili minister van Justitie. Na acht maanden presenteerde hij in 2001 een wetsontwerp om de in Georgië wijdverbreide corruptie aan te pakken. Politici zouden worden gedwongen opgave te doen van hun inkomsten. Sjevardnadze wees het voorstel van de hand. Uit protest hiertegen bood Saakasjvili zijn ontslag aan. Later dat jaar formeerde hij zijn eigen partij waarmee hij uiteindelijk oppositieleider werd. </p><p>In juni 2002 won Saakasjvili met zijn partij de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen in <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>. De tweede grote winnaar was de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgische_Arbeiderspartij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgische Arbeiderspartij (de pagina bestaat niet)">Georgische Arbeiderspartij</a> onder leiding van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjalva_Natelasjvili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjalva Natelasjvili (de pagina bestaat niet)">Sjalva Natelasjvili</a>. De twee partijen kwamen een samenwerking in de raad (<i>sakreboelo</i>) overeen. Saakasjvili weigerde echter in te gaan op het voorstel van Natelasjvili om zijn parlementszetel op te geven in ruil voor het voorzitterschap van de raad van Tbilisi.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rozenrevolutie">Rozenrevolutie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Rozenrevolutie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Rozenrevolutie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:2OP_42.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2OP_42.JPG/260px-2OP_42.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2OP_42.JPG/390px-2OP_42.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2OP_42.JPG/520px-2OP_42.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili tijdens de protesten in november 2003.</figcaption></figure> <p>Voor de <a href="/wiki/Georgische_parlementsverkiezingen_2003" title="Georgische parlementsverkiezingen 2003">parlementsverkiezingen van 2003</a> voerde Saakasjvili campagne onder de leus <i>Georgië zonder Sjevardnadze</i>. Deze verkiezingen verliepen frauduleus, wat ontaardde in wekenlange protesten. Toen president Sjevardnadze het parlement op 22 november 2003 wilde inzegenen, ondanks een boycot door een deel van de oppositie, protesteerden buiten duizenden voor een "bloedeloze revolutie" en eisten het vertrek van Sjevardnadze. Demonstranten onder leiding van Micheil Saakasjvili, die een rode roos droeg, drongen het parlement binnen en onderbraken de openingsspeech van Sjevardnadze. </p><p>De president werd in de chaos door zijn beveiliging weggevoerd uit het parlement. In de avond van 23 november 2003 nam president Edoeard Sjevardnadze ontslag na een gesprek met Saakasjvili en <a href="/wiki/Zoerab_Zjvania" title="Zoerab Zjvania">Zoerab Zjvania</a> en was er sprake van de <a href="/wiki/Rozenrevolutie" title="Rozenrevolutie">Rozenrevolutie</a>. Parlementsvoorzitter <a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> werd waarnemend president, omdat de grondwet bepaalt dat de parlementsvoorzitter deze rol vervult bij ontslag van de president. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidentschap:_eerste_termijn">Presidentschap: eerste termijn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Presidentschap: eerste termijn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Presidentschap: eerste termijn"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Sandra_Roelofs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sandra_Roelofs.jpg/260px-Sandra_Roelofs.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sandra_Roelofs.jpg/390px-Sandra_Roelofs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sandra_Roelofs.jpg/520px-Sandra_Roelofs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>Het gezin Saakasjvili krijgt de felicitaties van <a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> bij de inhuldiging van Micheil Saakasjvili als president.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bij de <a href="/wiki/Georgische_presidentsverkiezingen_2004" title="Georgische presidentsverkiezingen 2004">presidentsverkiezingen van 4 januari 2004</a> werd Saakasjvili met ruim 96% van de stemmen verkozen tot de nieuwe <a href="/wiki/President_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="President van Georgië">president van Georgië</a>, bij een opkomst van 88%. Hij was op dat moment met een leeftijd van 36 jaar het jongste staatshoofd in Europa.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op 25 januari 2004 werd hij ingezegend. Op 28 maart 2004 werd de <a href="/wiki/Georgische_parlementsverkiezingen_2004" title="Georgische parlementsverkiezingen 2004">parlementsverkiezing</a> overgedaan, die werd gewonnen door de partij van Saakasjvili die op deze manier ook een parlementaire dekking had voor zijn hervormingsagenda. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territoriale_hereniging">Territoriale hereniging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Territoriale hereniging" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Territoriale hereniging"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Als president kreeg Saakasjvili te maken met problemen rond de afscheidingsgebieden van het land. Een van zijn belangrijkste verkiezingsbeloften was de eenheid van het land weer te herstellen. Hij wist de autonome republiek <a href="/wiki/Adzjari%C3%AB" title="Adzjarië">Adzjarië</a> in mei 2004 zonder geweld weer onder centraal gezag te plaatsen, zonder de autonomie van het gebied af te schaffen, maar de problemen met <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Osseti%C3%AB" title="Zuid-Ossetië">Zuid-Ossetië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Abchazi%C3%AB" title="Abchazië">Abchazië</a> werden niet opgelost. Na het herstel van het gezag over Adzjarië liepen de spanningen rond Abchazië en Zuid-Ossetië op. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg/260px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg/390px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg/520px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Mikheil_Saakashvili-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili en de Russische president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Poetin" title="Vladimir Poetin">Vladimir Poetin</a> hadden een gespannen relatie.</figcaption></figure> <p>Saakasjvili probeerde een eind te maken aan de smokkel vanuit Rusland via Zuid-Ossetië, een grens die door de centrale autoriteiten niet gecontroleerd werd, waardoor het veel douane-inkomsten misliep. Dit viel samen met de corruptie-aanpak, een ander groot speerpunt van Saakasjvili. In de zomer van 2004 escaleerden de spanningen rond Zuid-Ossetië met een mislukte poging het Georgische gezag te herstellen. In Abchazië wist Georgië de <a href="/wiki/Kodorivallei" title="Kodorivallei">Kodorivallei</a> onder controle te krijgen. Rusland was nadrukkelijk betrokken bij het tegenhouden van Saakasjvili's ambities ten aanzien van de twee afscheidingsgebieden, maar ook de pro-westerse en hervormingsgezinde koers zinde Moskou niet. De spanningen met Rusland liepen verder op, waarbij Saakasjvili Rusland regelmatig beschuldigde van provocerende acties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Op_bezoek_in_Nederland">Op bezoek in Nederland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Op bezoek in Nederland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Op bezoek in Nederland"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Op 4 mei 2005 bezochten Saakasjvili en zijn eega <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Roelofs" title="Sandra Roelofs">Sandra Roelofs</a> het eiland <a href="/wiki/Texel" title="Texel">Texel</a> in het kader van de 60e herdenking van de '<a href="/wiki/Opstand_van_de_Georgi%C3%ABrs" title="Opstand van de Georgiërs">Opstand van de Georgiërs</a>', een opstand van de Georgische soldaten van het <a href="/wiki/822e_Georgische_bataljon" title="822e Georgische bataljon">822e Georgische bataljon</a> van de Wehrmacht in het voorjaar van 1945 tegen de <a href="/wiki/Nazi-Duitsland" title="Nazi-Duitsland">Duitse</a> bezetter van het eiland.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ontevreden_bevolking">Ontevreden bevolking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ontevreden bevolking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ontevreden bevolking"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi,_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg/260px-Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg/390px-Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg/520px-Demonstrations_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia._7_November_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption>Het neerslaan van de demonstraties in november 2007 bleven Saakasjvili achtervolgen.</figcaption></figure> <p>In november 2007 braken grote protesten uit onder de bevolking tegen zijn beleid, waarbij hem vooral vriendjespolitiek, corruptie en te veel economische hervormingen werden verweten. De hervormingen zouden volgens tegenstanders tot meer armoede hebben geleid. Op 7 november riep Saakasjvili de <a href="/wiki/Noodtoestand" title="Noodtoestand">noodtoestand</a> uit, nadat het beëindigen van een demonstratie in Tbilisi door de politie was uitgelopen op rellen. Hij liet twee kritische tv-stations sluiten. Bij de onrust vielen meer dan 500 gewonden. Saakasjvili verklaarde dat Rusland achter de protesten zat. </p><p>Deze dag is zijn politieke nalatenschap blijven achtervolgen en de latere <a href="/wiki/Georgische_Droom" title="Georgische Droom">Georgische Droom</a>-regering heeft hem ook voor deze dag laten vervolgen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Als gevolg van de afloop van de demonstratie en de kritiek die hij kreeg, besloot Saakasjvili <a href="/wiki/Georgische_presidentsverkiezingen_2008" title="Georgische presidentsverkiezingen 2008">vervroegde presidentsverkiezingen</a> uit te schrijven, die op 5 januari 2008 werden gehouden. Grondwettelijk moest hij aftreden nadat hij door zijn partij tot kandidaat was gekozen. Hierdoor werd voor de tweede maal in vier jaar parlementsvoorzitter <a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> waarnemend president en staatshoofd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidentschap:_tweede_termijn">Presidentschap: tweede termijn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Presidentschap: tweede termijn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Presidentschap: tweede termijn"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi,_Georgia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg/260px-Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg/390px-Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg/520px-Den_Oudsten_B88_bus_in_Tbilisi%2C_Georgia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili schreef vervroegde verkiezingen uit en stelde zich opnieuw verkiesbaar als president.</figcaption></figure> <p>Saakasjvili won de <a href="/wiki/Georgische_presidentsverkiezingen_2008" title="Georgische presidentsverkiezingen 2008">presidentsverkiezingen</a> minder overtuigend met 53,5 procent van de stemmen. Hij wendde daarmee wel een verwachte tweede stemronde af. De oppositie was het niet met de uitslag eens en bestempelde de verkiezingsgang als frauduleus en intimiderend. Deze conclusie werd niet gedeeld door internationale waarnemers, die stelden dat de verkiezingen over het algemeen eerlijk waren verlopen. Tijdens de vervroegde <a href="/wiki/Georgische_parlementsverkiezingen_2008" title="Georgische parlementsverkiezingen 2008">parlementsverkiezingen in mei 2008</a> won zijn partij een grote meerderheid. In april 2008 kreeg Georgië van de <a href="/wiki/Noord-Atlantische_Verdragsorganisatie" title="Noord-Atlantische Verdragsorganisatie">NAVO</a> een "open deur" uitnodiging om op termijn lid te worden. Het NAVO-lidmaatschap was een van de belangrijkste speerpunten van Saakasjvili om het land te beschermen tegen Russische agressie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog">Russisch-Georgische Oorlog</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Russisch-Georgische Oorlog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Russisch-Georgische Oorlog"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog" title="Russisch-Georgische Oorlog">Russisch-Georgische Oorlog</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Na de westerse erkenning van de onafhankelijkheid van <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> in de winter van 2008 en de NAVO-uitnodiging aan Georgië, liepen de spanningen rond de Georgische afscheidingsgebieden snel op. Rusland had het Westen en Georgië al meermaals gewaarschuwd dat het bij de westerse erkenning van Kosovo de Georgische afscheidingsgebieden zou gaan erkennen. De spanningen rond <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Osseti%C3%AB" title="Zuid-Ossetië">Zuid-Ossetië</a> escaleerden in de eerste dagen van augustus, waarbij separatisten etnisch-Georgische dorpen in Zuid-Ossetië beschoten. Op de late avond van 7 augustus 2008 begon de Georgische krijgsmacht een operatie tot "herstel van de constitutionele orde in Zuid-Ossetië". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Russian_army_in_Georgia,_2008_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg/260px-Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg/390px-Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg/520px-Russian_army_in_Georgia%2C_2008_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2464" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>De Russische inval in 2008.</figcaption></figure> <p>Enkele uren later reden Russische troepen, die paraat stonden aan de Russisch-Zuid-Osseetse grens, het gebied in via de <a href="/wiki/Roki-tunnel" title="Roki-tunnel">Roki-tunnel</a> en was de <a href="/wiki/Russisch-Georgische_Oorlog" title="Russisch-Georgische Oorlog">Russisch-Georgische Oorlog</a> een feit. De oorlog verliep dramatisch voor Georgië, dat na vijf dagen het laatste stuk controle over Zuid-Ossetië en Abchazië kwijtraakte. Rusland erkende twee weken later de onafhankelijkheid van de twee zelfverklaarde republieken en stationeerde er duizenden manschappen. Aanvankelijk werd Saakasjvili door bondgenoten verweten zich mee te hebben laten sleuren in de Zuid-Osseetse provocaties.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In november 2013 werd Saakasjvili als president opgevolgd door <a href="/wiki/Giorgi_Margvelasjvili" title="Giorgi Margvelasjvili">Giorgi Margvelasjvili</a>. Sindsdien bracht hij zijn tijd vooral door in de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten" title="Verenigde Staten">Verenigde Staten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïne</a>. In eigen land werd Saakasjvili vervolgd in verband met de invallen bij de tv-zenders en het neerslaan van de anti-regeringsdemonstraties in november 2007, waarvoor hij vijf tot acht jaar gevangenisstraf kon krijgen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oekraïne"><span id="Oekra.C3.AFne"></span>Oekraïne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Oekraïne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Oekraïne"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gouverneur_in_Odessa">Gouverneur in Odessa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Gouverneur in Odessa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Gouverneur in Odessa"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_(17751569379).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg/260px-EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg/390px-EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg/520px-EPP_EaP_Leaders%27_Meeting_-_21_May_%2817751569379%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili werd door president <a href="/wiki/Petro_Porosjenko" title="Petro Porosjenko">Porosjenko</a> benoemd als gouverneur van <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Odessa" title="Oblast Odessa">Odessa</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Op 30 mei 2015 werd Saakasjvili door de <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïense</a> president <a href="/wiki/Petro_Porosjenko" title="Petro Porosjenko">Petro Porosjenko</a> geïnstalleerd als <a href="/wiki/Gouverneur" title="Gouverneur">gouverneur</a> van de regio <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Odessa" title="Oblast Odessa">Odessa</a>. Tegelijkertijd verkreeg hij het Oekraïense staatsburgerschap.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In december 2015 maakten de Georgische autoriteiten bekend dat Saakasjvili per presidentieel decreet het Georgische staatsburgerschap was afgenomen, vanwege het aannemen van de Oekraïense nationaliteit.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Op 7 november 2016 trad Saakasjvili terug als gouverneur van Odessa. Hij zei dat onder president Porosjenko het bestrijden van corruptie een onmogelijke taak was en dat hij constant werd tegengewerkt bij zijn pogingen hervormingen door te voeren.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na zijn ontslag begon hij de partij <i>Beweging voor Nieuwe Krachten</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intrekking_Oekraïens_staatsburgerschap"><span id="Intrekking_Oekra.C3.AFens_staatsburgerschap"></span>Intrekking Oekraïens staatsburgerschap</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Intrekking Oekraïens staatsburgerschap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Intrekking Oekraïens staatsburgerschap"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terwijl Saakasjvili in de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten" title="Verenigde Staten">Verenigde Staten</a> was, werd op 26 juli 2017 zijn Oekraïens staatsburgerschap ontnomen, waardoor hij formeel <a href="/wiki/Staatloosheid" title="Staatloosheid">staatloos</a> werd.<sup id="cite_ref-khpg_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khpg-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reuters_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De beslissing kwam per <a href="/wiki/Decreet_(staatsrecht)" title="Decreet (staatsrecht)">decreet</a> van president Porosjenko zelf en zou gebaseerd zijn op fraude door Saakasjvili bij zijn aanvraag van de Oekraïense nationaliteit. Saakasjvili sprak van een politiek gemotiveerde beslissing en zei zich te zullen verzetten tegen de maatregel.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reuters_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hij ondernam diverse pogingen om vanuit Polen de grens met Oekraïne over te steken, wat uiteindelijk op 10 september 2017 lukte toen hij door honderden aanhangers geholpen werd.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uiteindelijk werd Saakasjvili op 12 februari 2018 alsnog het land uitgezet naar Polen.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verblijf_in_Nederland">Verblijf in Nederland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Verblijf in Nederland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Verblijf in Nederland"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg/260px-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg/390px-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg/520px-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili keert in 2019 weer terug in Oekraïne.</figcaption></figure> <p>Na zijn uitzetting uit Oekraïne reisde Saakasjvili als statenloos burger naar Nederland, dat in december 2017 zich al bereid had getoond de oud-president op te nemen.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vanwege zijn Nederlandse echtgenote kreeg hij een <a href="/wiki/Verblijfsvergunning" title="Verblijfsvergunning">verblijfsvergunning</a> op basis van <a href="/wiki/Gezinshereniging" title="Gezinshereniging">gezinshereniging</a>. In Nederland zette hij zijn activiteiten voor de Oekraïense oppositie voort, tot hij in voorjaar 2019 weer naar Oekraïne terugkeerde om voor president Zelensky te gaan werken.<sup id="cite_ref-nrc_20190528_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nrc_20190528-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-corruptie-adviseur_voor_Zelensky">Anti-corruptie-adviseur voor Zelensky</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Anti-corruptie-adviseur voor Zelensky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=14" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Anti-corruptie-adviseur voor Zelensky"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eind mei 2019 kreeg Saakasjvili het Oekraïens staatsburgerschap terug van de eerder die maand aangetreden president <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Zelensky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nrc_20190528_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nrc_20190528-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saakasjvili ging vervolgens voor president Zelensky werken als hoofd van het uitvoerend comité van de Nationale Hervormingsraad, een presidentieel adviesorgaan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arrestatie_in_Georgië"><span id="Arrestatie_in_Georgi.C3.AB"></span>Arrestatie in Georgië</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Arrestatie in Georgië" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=15" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Arrestatie in Georgië"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg/260px-Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg/390px-Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg/520px-Anti-opposition_banner_2021_Georgian_local_elections.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Saakasjvili centraal op een anti-oppositie billboard boven de straten van <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> tijdens de campagne naar de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen van 2021.</figcaption></figure> <p>Op 2 oktober 2021 werd Saakasjvili gearresteerd, nadat hij voor het eerst sinds 2013 naar Georgië was teruggekeerd door clandestien de grens te passeren. Met zijn aankomst vlak voor de gemeentelijke verkiezingen hoopte hij die naar de hand te zetten van de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nationale_Beweging" title="Verenigde Nationale Beweging">Verenigde Nationale Beweging</a>, zijn partij waar hij nog altijd bij betrokken was en die de belangrijkste oppositie was tegen de regerende <a href="/wiki/Georgische_Droom" title="Georgische Droom">Georgische Droom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na zijn arrestatie werd hij in staat van beschuldiging gesteld wegens illegale grensoverschrijding en werden de lopende zaken tegen hem opgepakt.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uit protest tegen het gevangenschap, dat hij als politiek gemotiveerd beschouwde, ging Saakasjvili vijftig dagen in hongerstaking. Dit schaadde zijn gezondheid en na aandringen van de Georgische ombudspersoon en internationale actoren werd hij in de loop van 2022 overgeplaatst naar een privékliniek. In 2022 en 2023 werd de roep om amnestie of een transfer naar het buitenland vanwege zijn verslechterde gezondheid steeds luider, ook vanuit de Europese Unie. Deze laatste stelde ook dat de Europese relatie van het land onder druk zou komen te staan mocht Saakasjvili in gevangenschap en door nalatigheid van de autoriteiten komen te overlijden.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties">Referenties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Referenties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&action=edit&section=16" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Referenties"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2002"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://civil.ge/archives/101865">Saakashvili, Natelashvili Agree to Cooperate in City Council</a>. <i>Civil Georgia</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2002-06-13">13 juni 2002</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2004"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://civil.ge/archives/105041">CEC Announced Final Results of Presidential Polls</a>. <i>Civil Georgia</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2004-01-15">15 januari 2004</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2005"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texelditweekend.nl/nieuws/laatste-nieuwsberichten/256531/hoog-presidentieel-bezoek-bij-herdenking-op-texel">Hoog presidentieel bezoek bij herdenking op Texel</a>. <i>Texel Dit Weekend</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2005-05-04">4 mei 2005</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2005"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://civil.ge/archives/107961">Saakashvili Visits Netherlands</a>. <i>Civil Georgia</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2005-05-04">4 mei 2005</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2021"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oc-media.org/features/the-2007-crackdown-saakashvilis-greatest-mistake/">The 2007 crackdown — Saakashvili's greatest mistake?</a>. <i>Open Caucasus Media</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-12-17">17 december 2021</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2021"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/the-2008-russo-georgian-war-putins-green-light/">The 2008 Russo-Georgian War: Putin’s green light</a>. <i>Atlantic Council</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-08-07">7 augustus 2021</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2024-08-10">10 augustus 2024</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2015"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rd.nl/artikel/615715-saakasjvili-wil-meer-toeristen-in-odessa">Saakasjvili wil meer toeristen in Odessa</a>. <i>Reformatorisch Dagblad</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-05-30">30 mei 2015</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2015"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demorgen.be/nieuws/georgie-ontneemt-ex-president-saakasjvili-staatsburgerschap~bbca226f/">Georgië ontneemt ex-president Saakasjvili staatsburgerschap</a>. <i>De Morgen</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-12-04">4 december 2015</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2016"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/oekraiense-gouverneur-saakasjvili-neemt-ontslag-hervormen-onmogelijk-onder-porosjenko~bd699173/">Oekraïense gouverneur Saakasjvili neemt ontslag: 'Hervormen onmogelijk onder Porosjenko'</a>. <i>de Volkskrant</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-11-07">7 november 2016</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-khpg-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-khpg_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2017"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://khpg.org/en/1501103024">Poroshenko strips political opponent Mikheil Saakashvili of his Ukrainian citizenship</a>. <i>Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-07-27">27 juli 2017</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2017"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-ukraine-saakashvili-citizenship-fear/saakashvili-says-lost-ukraine-citizenship-due-to-presidents-fear-of-opposition-idUKKBN1AC1J5">Saakashvili says lost Ukraine citizenship due to president's fear of opposition</a>. <i>Reuters</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-07-27">27 juli 2017</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2017"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demorgen.be/nieuws/georgische-ex-president-saakasjvili-riskeert-statenloos-te-worden~b63d87de/">Georgische ex-president Saakasjvili riskeert statenloos te worden</a>. <i>De Morgen</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-07-27">27 juli 2017</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2017"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/ukriane-saakashvili-return-krakovets-citizenship/28726741.html">Saakashvili Defies Border Blockade To Force Entry Into Ukraine, Heads For Lviv</a>. <i>Radio Free Europe RFE/RL</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-09-10">10 september 2017</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2018"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/mikheil-saakashvili-deported-ukraine/">Ex-Georgian President Saakashvili deported from Ukraine</a>. <i>Politico</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-02-12">12 februari 2018</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2024-08-10">10 augustus 2024</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2018"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nos.nl/artikel/2217162-michail-saakasjvili-vestigt-zich-in-nederland-na-uitzetting-oekraine.html">Michail Saakasjvili vestigt zich in Nederland na uitzetting Oekraïne</a>. <i>NOS</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-02-14">14 februari 2018</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nrc_20190528-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nrc_20190528_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nrc_20190528_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2019"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2019/05/28/saakasjvili-krijgt-oekraiens-staatsburgerschap-terug-a3961909">Saakasjvili krijgt Oekraïens staatsburgerschap terug</a>. <i>NRC</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-05-28">28 mei 2019</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2019"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48437792">Georgia ex-leader Saakashvili has Ukrainian citizenship restored</a>. <i>BBC</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-05-28">28 mei 2019</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2021"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Frans">(<span>fr</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/europe/20211002-g%C3%A9orgie-%C3%A9lections-municipales-au-lendemain-de-l-arrestation-de-mikhe%C3%AFl-saakachvili">Géorgie: élections municipales au lendemain de l'arrestation de Mikheïl Saakachvili</a>. <i>Radio France International</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-10-02">2 oktober 2021</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2021"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/micheil-saakasjvili-politicus-vol-zelfoverschatting-denkt-op-de-terugweg-te-zijn-naar-de-macht-in-georgie~b443ed12/">Micheil Saakasjvili: politicus vol zelfoverschatting denkt op de terugweg te zijn naar de macht in Georgië</a>. <i>de Volkskrant</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-10-08">8 oktober 2021</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2023"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trouw.nl/buitenland/vastzittende-ex-president-van-georgie-is-middelpunt-van-een-politieke-krachtmeting~b5f6b88c/">Vastzittende ex-president van Georgië is middelpunt van een politieke krachtmeting</a>. <i>Trouw</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-01-12">12 januari 2023</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2021"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://civil.ge/archives/449120">Saakashvili Faces Additional Charges</a>. <i>Civil Georgia</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-10-20">20 oktober 2021</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2023"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/georgia-mikheil-saakashvili-former-president-denied-release-on-health-grounds-court-rules/">Georgia keeps former leader Saakashvili locked up</a>. <i>Politico</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-02">2 maart 2023</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-03-09">9 maart 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <table class="toccolours opvolging" style="text-align:center; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:-0.5em; width:100%; clear:both; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="voorganger" width="30%"><b>Voorganger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> (waarnemend) </td> <td class="lijst" width="40%"><b><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_staatshoofden_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="Lijst van staatshoofden van Georgië">President van Georgië</a><br /><a href="/wiki/25_januari" title="25 januari">25 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> - <a href="/wiki/25_november" title="25 november">25 november</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a></b> </td> <td class="volgende" width="30%"><b>Opvolger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> (waarnemend) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="voorganger" width="30%"><b>Voorganger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Nino_Boerdzjanadze" title="Nino Boerdzjanadze">Nino Boerdzjanadze</a> (waarnemend) </td> <td class="lijst" width="40%"><b><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_staatshoofden_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="Lijst van staatshoofden van Georgië">President van Georgië</a><br /><a href="/wiki/25_januari" title="25 januari">25 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> - <a href="/wiki/17_november" title="17 november">17 november</a> <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a></b> </td> <td class="volgende" width="30%"><b>Opvolger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Giorgi_Margvelasjvili" title="Giorgi Margvelasjvili">Giorgi Margvelasjvili</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mikheil_Saakashvili#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mikheil Saakashvili">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mikheil_Saakashvili#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&oldid=68440148">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Micheil_Saakasjvili&oldid=68440148</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:President_van_Georgi%C3%AB" title="Categorie:President van Georgië">President van Georgië</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Georgisch_minister" title="Categorie:Georgisch minister">Georgisch minister</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Georgisch_parlementslid" title="Categorie:Georgisch parlementslid">Georgisch parlementslid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Oekra%C3%AFens_politicus" title="Categorie:Oekraïens politicus">Oekraïens politicus</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 27 nov 2024 om 12:45.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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