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padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-family: 微软雅黑; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px none;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 2px 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">导读<span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section><section style="margin: -1em 0px 0px; padding: 1em 10px 5px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 6px solid rgb(193, 193, 193);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px none;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: left; line-height: 1.8;"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; white-space: pre-wrap;">很多人将中国制造竞争力下跌归咎于劳动力成本走高。如果这个逻辑正确，那德国和瑞士这种劳动力成本奇高的国家早就不应该有大规模工业生产了，这两个国家劳动力成本比美国都高出20%到30%，但恰恰是他们在制造业的金字塔顶端游刃有余。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.6921348314606741" data-s="300,640" data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4OjetW7ZdqY4skruwia07MFLqVYDyHDO6L0bAXhIL996ALGcYibOOxywMg/640?" data-type="jpeg" data-w="445" _width="auto" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4OjetW7ZdqY4skruwia07MFLqVYDyHDO6L0bAXhIL996ALGcYibOOxywMg/640?tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;" alt="" /><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p><section data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="margin: 5px auto; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 2em;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 1px dashed rgb(31, 141, 235);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 7px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 141, 235);"> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; color: inherit; text-align: justify; font-family: inherit; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 22.4px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 25.6px;">高薪之下德国如何发展制造业</strong></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section></blockquote></section><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　多年前曾有位美国学者做过一个对比，发现当时中国工厂的工人薪资不足美国工人的1/20，同时生活成本是美国的一半。当美国工厂工人时薪23.32美元，另加雇主还要支付每小时8.47美元健康保险时，中国工人的时薪只有1.36美元，社保成本未知。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　以不足美国工人1/20的薪酬如何负担接近美国1/2的生活成本？这种严重的分配不均让中国工人薪酬上涨成为必然趋势。到2014年，中国劳动力成本已经和美国的差距几乎可以忽略，在美国每花费1美元的劳动力成本，在中国也大概需要96美分。这还并没有考虑到物流成本。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　很多人将中国制造竞争力下跌归咎于劳动力成本走高。如果这个逻辑正确，那德国和瑞士这种劳动力成本奇高的国家早就不应该有大规模工业生产了，这两个国家劳动力成本比美国都高出20%到30%，但恰恰是他们在制造业的金字塔顶端游刃有余。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　令人细思极恐的是，借助高度自动化和商业模式的改变，以后欧洲制造不仅会继续把控高端精密技术生产，还可能收复劳动密集型产业的部分江山。劳工价格本身对未来制造业而言，本身就已经不再是决胜要素。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.6820809248554913" data-s="300,640" data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4ORdFDZpBqSBbVwHJkh3HgguTK3zFfptcnDhCeMsoibYPBibRKoXZLRN8Q/640?" data-type="jpeg" data-w="519" _width="auto" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4ORdFDZpBqSBbVwHJkh3HgguTK3zFfptcnDhCeMsoibYPBibRKoXZLRN8Q/640?tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;" alt="" /><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p><section data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="margin: 5px auto; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 2em;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 1px dashed rgb(31, 141, 235);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 7px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 141, 235);"> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; color: inherit; text-align: justify; font-family: inherit; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 22.4px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 25.6px;">谁在反击中国制造？</strong></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section></blockquote></section><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">前段时间和一位中国企业家聊天，他在德国买了家高精机械企业，还在中国建了工厂，借力德国的技术和技师。私下里说到中国制造业的未来，他的观点是，中国很多工厂的自动化程度相当高，甚至已经实现“工业4.0”中的物联网概念。但他反问说，若是从机床开始质量就不行，即使实现了高度互联，产出的产品质量和性能能好得了么？说白了，“工业的母机”都不好，何谈下游？</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　他说，以往中国制造讲究“短平快”，中国工厂买中国制造的便宜机床，5年回收设备投入并赚钱，设备报废直接更新。但这几年开始，越来越多的中国厂家愿意买德国的机床，虽然价钱可能贵几倍，但产品质量得到提升，而且从机床的使用寿命来计算单位成本投资，反倒更合算。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　成功的欧洲制造企业在反击中国制造时，主要靠的是产品品质和技术创新，还有一种不浮躁的心理。这种制造业的短板不仅体现在金字塔顶端。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　制造业商业模式不断创新，工业生产的高度自动化，以及高附加值服务，让各种类型的制造企业对廉价劳工的依赖都在减少。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　1995年到2005年10年间，英国190年历史的制鞋品牌Clarks关闭了所有在英国的工厂，生产基地全部转移至海外，用第三方工厂。当时这家企业声称将生产基地转移到远东是生存下去的唯一路径。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　一二十年前，这样的例子不胜枚举。1949年由德国人创立的阿迪达斯品牌1993年就在德国关闭了最后一家工厂，彻底转向亚洲制造，尤其是中国和越南。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　还没到30年，自动化和机器人的技术进步已经让阿迪可以将产品线搬回德国，回归“德国制造”。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　阿迪达斯正在德国建一个4600平方米的“机器人工厂”，起名“速度工厂”（Speed factory），他们的技术合作方也是一家德国科技公司。这家工厂只有160名工人，明年却可以实现100万双鞋的年产能。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　他们很快将在美国建第二家机器人工厂，之后在欧洲各地还会陆续建成类似工厂。德国机器人鞋厂产出的阿迪运动鞋价格不会高于中国工厂。的确，阿迪达斯在亚洲的年产能3亿双鞋，相比而言目前德国工厂产量根本不足以取代亚<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 13px;">洲的100万工人的手工。但，也只是“暂时”不会取代而已。</span></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　阿迪达斯的老对手耐克也走的类似的迁徙之路。二三十年前耐克鞋厂先是<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 13px;">建在日本，韩国和中国台湾，之后转移到中国，很快就变成了泰国，印度尼西亚和越南。现在仅在印度尼西亚，耐克就有超过10万工人，工厂都在贫困偏远的地区，这些工人一周工作六天，只有大概21美元薪水。</span></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">　　即使劳工廉价到如此地步，耐克也在尝试做机器人工厂。因为单纯拼劳工成本，是没有底线可言的。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.6761229314420804" data-s="300,640" data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4Op23tc4NHGFwrs59Ha5KubibypyuE3icxz8K86SfJWZuSuCaUQicS7LfMA/640?" data-type="jpeg" data-w="423" _width="auto" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4Op23tc4NHGFwrs59Ha5KubibypyuE3icxz8K86SfJWZuSuCaUQicS7LfMA/640?tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;" alt="" /><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p><section data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="margin: 5px auto; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 2em;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 1px dashed rgb(31, 141, 235);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 7px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 141, 235);"> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; color: inherit; text-align: justify; font-family: inherit; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 22.4px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 25.6px;">Zara改变的服装企业模式</strong></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section></blockquote></section><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">中欧国际工商学院院长Pedro Nueno之前对新浪财经说：一家优质的制造业企业，劳工成本应该只占约两成，其他的成本包括原材料，物流，科技等。在中国生产，劳工成本或许低些，但物流成本很高。这种长供应链生产模式已经不能适应当今很多产业的需求了，从时尚产业到汽车产业都是如此。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">以Zara这一全球风靡的快时尚品牌为代表，他们从自行设计新产品，大规模生产，到店铺铺货整个过程只需要15天。甚至哈佛商业周刊都曾质疑这种模式是否太疯狂，因为这个行业以往的供应链可以拉得很长，设计师通常有几个月的时间来设计下一季的新款。虽然被质疑如此，Zara依然是全球最有盈利能力的服装企业之一，毛利率甚至可以达到同类企业的数倍。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">更重要的是，Zara改变了服装行业的商业模式，以创新能力和供应链管理为制胜关键，廉价生产当然重要，但没有以往那么重要。这一点对中国制造的冲击很大。“Zara们”选择将工厂设在离终端销售最近的地方，而不是最便宜的地方。因为假设一个全球性服装品牌生产基地都放在亚洲，那供应链太长，存货成本都远高于在劳动力上省下的成本。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">现在，越来越多的欧洲本地品牌开始重拾“欧洲制造”的概念。我看到一家名</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em;">为“Caroll”的法国女装品牌甚至在每条裙子商标上都放一个显著的夹页，注明这条裙子是“法国制造”，并加注“我们选择在法国制造这条裙子，支持法国纺织业，提供就业”。在现实操作中，这个品牌25%的产品在欧洲生产，11%在法国本土生产。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">抛去法国人的民族情结不谈，从商业逻辑而言，欧洲的现代纺织生产技艺也有近百年的历史，十分成熟，产品质量有保障。而且Caroll也是在选择拉近工厂与终端市场的距离——在欧洲销售的产品，大都在欧洲制造。这和Zara的商业逻辑切合。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.6754716981132075" data-s="300,640" data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4OSOJzKkb9micr0MEV2uhATn89FNeALlXqndyBfQOSc1bYr0TSyicpr2zQ/640?" data-type="jpeg" data-w="265" _width="auto" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3PE7rXJ1K6nDia0uqvjMkgFmsESmOMj4OSOJzKkb9micr0MEV2uhATn89FNeALlXqndyBfQOSc1bYr0TSyicpr2zQ/640?tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 1.6; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;" alt="" /><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p><section data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="margin: 5px auto; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 2em;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border: 1px dashed rgb(31, 141, 235);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 7px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 141, 235);"> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; color: inherit; text-align: justify; font-family: inherit; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 22.4px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 25.6px;">高薪之下如何发展制造业</strong></span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> </section></section></blockquote></section><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p> <span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">根据世界银行的统计数据，在过去10年，欧洲仅有德国和瑞士的工业增加值占GDP比例没有下跌：瑞士工业增加值占比GDP在过去20年都稳定在18%到20%之间。德国则是23%，超过英国和法国工业增加值占GDP比例的两倍。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">所谓“去工业化”的概念，在这德国，瑞士，以及瑞典和奥地利都是不存在的。在欧洲，制造业板块40%的工作都和服务产业相关，制造业的繁荣极大拉动了服务产业。宝马慕尼黑工厂引入一个人体力学隐形板凳，都是苏黎世一个创业两三年的公司的创造发明。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">德国和瑞士算是全球最高薪酬的两个国家，这其中，瑞士公司的挑战更大，他们货币坚挺，劳动力短缺，监管严格。但在工业领域占领高地的制胜法宝一直没有发生变化：创新，生产效率以及高附加值服务。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">有一家瑞士的管道生产商，他们工厂和总部都在瑞士，主营业务就是塑料管道。这个行业技术含量并不高，最强大的竞争对手都在中国。但这家瑞士管道厂以比中国制造高出一大截的价格，保证每年5%的纯利润率。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">秘诀在哪里？首先还是产品质量，他们甚至保证管道50年不渗漏；其次，他们将管道这个低技术含量产品作为一个“解决方案”推出，针对不同类型的工厂和厂房，都量身定做符合产业需求的管道安装方案，并在管道里装感应器，以对管道实现中央控制。这就让普通的塑料管道变身成了高附加值的高科技产品。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">就连“去工业化”最彻底的英国也在努力以“品质”在制造业领域抢回点失地。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">伦敦有一家几十年历史的手工自行车工坊Brompton，在过去几十年，受到中国大陆和台湾自行车厂商的冲击，英国只有两家自行车厂幸存。这家是幸存者之一，专业生产高端折叠自行车。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">至今，他们依然采用传统“铜焊技术”及“学徒制”，但技术很先进，是F1的飞轮储能技术。如是产出的自行车起步价785英镑，直到一两千英镑，甚至实现了自行车“定制生产”，顾客可以选择各个部件的颜色和设计方案。之前他们的折叠自行车80%出口到44个市场，发展最好的市场就是德国和南韩。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">这家工厂的劳工成本一点也不低，每名焊工年薪起步约3万英镑，需要培训至少18个月。工厂250名员工，创造2750万英镑年销售额，去年税前利润200万英镑。他们准备从明年开始大批量生产“电动”折叠自行车，中国被列为重要出口目标市场之一。</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; widows: 1; line-height: 1.75em; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">如Nueno所说：“作为优质的制造业企业，有自己的设计创新，他们完全有能力将工厂留在欧洲。”</span><span style="display:none">11RSMT技术网-China表面贴装技术-SMT表面贴装-SMT技术网【官网】</span></p> <p><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; widows: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); font-size: 12px; line-height: 25.6px; font-family: 微软雅黑; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">©文丨</span></span><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62); 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