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and Archbishop </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bishop_and_Archbishop-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Bishop and Archbishop subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Bishop_and_Archbishop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statements_on_persecution_of_the_church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statements_on_persecution_of_the_church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Statements on persecution of the church </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statements_on_persecution_of_the_church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_radio_sermons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_radio_sermons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Popular radio sermons </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_radio_sermons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Theology </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Theology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Theology subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Theology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spiritual_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spiritual_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Spiritual life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spiritual_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Assassination </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Assassination subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Funeral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funeral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Funeral </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funeral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Massacre_at_Romero's_funeral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massacre_at_Romero's_funeral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 Massacre at Romero's funeral </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Massacre_at_Romero's_funeral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 International reaction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Ireland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.2 United Kingdom </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3.1 Public reaction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3.2 Government response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Investigations_into_the_assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigations_into_the_assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Investigations into the assassination </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Investigations_into_the_assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 International recognition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sainthood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sainthood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Sainthood </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sainthood-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sainthood subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sainthood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Process_for_beatification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Process_for_beatification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Process for beatification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Process_for_beatification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beatification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beatification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Beatification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beatification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canonization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canonization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Canonization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canonization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homages_and_cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homages_and_cultural_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Homages and cultural references </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Homages_and_cultural_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Homages and cultural references subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Homages_and_cultural_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Institutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_and_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_and_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Television and film </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_and_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visual_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visual_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Visual arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visual_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Political writing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Óscar Romero</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" > 52 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88" title="أوسكار روميرو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوسكار روميرو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Romero" title="Oscar Romero – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Oscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="অস্কার রোমেরো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অস্কার রোমেরো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Оскар Рамера – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Оскар Рамера" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Оскар Рамэра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Оскар Рамэра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%81_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Όσκαρ Ρομέρο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όσκαρ Ρομέρο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero" title="Óscar Arnulfo Romero – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Óscar Arnulfo Romero" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88" title="اسکار رومرو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسکار رومرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4_%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%88%8C%ED%8F%AC_%EB%A1%9C%EB%A9%94%EB%A1%9C" title="오스카르 아르눌포 로메로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오스카르 아르눌포 로메로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Romero" title="Oscar Romero – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Oscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95" title="אוסקר רומרו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוסקר רומרו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Romero" title="Oscar Romero – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Oscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscharius_Romero" title="Anscharius Romero – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anscharius Romero" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero_(%C3%A9rsek)" title="Óscar Romero (érsek) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Óscar Romero (érsek)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Оскар Ромеро – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оскар Ромеро" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B" title="ഓസ്കാർ റൊമീറോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓസ്കാർ റൊമീറോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Romero" title="Oscar Romero – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Oscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88_(%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%89)" title="اوسكار روميرو (كاهن كاثوليكى) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوسكار روميرو (كاهن كاثوليكى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AD" title="オスカル・ロメロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オスカル・ロメロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B" title="ਆਸਕਰ ਰੋਮੇਰੋ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਸਕਰ ਰੋਮੇਰੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Romero" title="Oskar Romero – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oskar Romero" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE,_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE" title="Ромеро, Оскар Арнульфо – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ромеро, Оскар Арнульфо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Romero" title="Oscar Romero – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Oscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero" title="Óscar Arnulfo Romero – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Óscar Arnulfo Romero" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Оскар Арнулфо Ромеро – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оскар Арнулфо Ромеро" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B" title="ஆஸ்கார் ரொமெரோ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆஸ்கார் ரொமெரோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Оскар Арнульфо Ромеро – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Оскар Арнульфо Ромеро" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Óscar Romero" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%A2%85%E7%BD%97" title="奥斯卡·罗梅罗 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥斯卡·罗梅罗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archbishop of San Salvador from 1977 to 1980</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Paraguayan footballer, see <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero_(footballer)" title="Óscar Romero (footballer)">Óscar Romero (footballer)</a>. For the American soccer player, see <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Romero_(soccer)" title="Oscar Romero (soccer)">Oscar Romero (soccer)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <a href="/wiki/Romero" title="Romero">Romero</a> and the second or maternal family name is Galdámez.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;"><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div> <div style="display:inline" class="fn">Óscar Romero</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_San_Salvador" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of San Salvador">Archbishop of San Salvador</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_(colour).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg/220px-Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg/330px-Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg/440px-Monse%C3%B1or_Romero_%28colour%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="717" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Romero in 1978 on a visit to <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archdiocese</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_San_Salvador" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Salvador">San Salvador</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointed</th><td class="infobox-data">3 February 1977</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installed</th><td class="infobox-data">22 February 1977</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">24 March 1980</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Ch%C3%A1vez_y_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Luis Chávez y González">Luis Chávez y González</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Rivera_y_Damas" title="Arturo Rivera y Damas">Arturo Rivera y Damas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Auxiliary Bishop of San Salvador</li><li>Titular Bishop of Tambeae</li><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Santiago_de_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Santiago de María">Bishop of Santiago de María</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ordination</th><td class="infobox-data">4 April 1942</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecration</th><td class="infobox-data">25 April 1970 by <a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Prigione" title="Girolamo Prigione">Girolamo Prigione</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Óscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdámez</div> (1917-08-15)15 August 1917 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Barrios" title="Ciudad Barrios">Ciudad Barrios</a>, San Miguel, El Salvador</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">24 March 1980(1980-03-24) (aged 62) Chapel of Hospital de la Divina Providencia, <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador" title="San Salvador">San Salvador</a>, El Salvador</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Salvador_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="San Salvador Cathedral">Metropolitan Cathedral of San Salvador</a>, San Salvador</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Óscar Romero's signature"><img alt="Óscar Romero's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg/130px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg/195px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg/260px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="329" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coat of arms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Óscar Romero's coat of arms"><img alt="Óscar Romero's coat of arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1226" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Sainthood</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Feast day</th><td class="infobox-data">24 March</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Catholic Church</li><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Beatified</th><td class="infobox-data">23 May 2015 <a href="/wiki/Monumento_al_Divino_Salvador_del_Mundo" title="Monumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo">Plaza El Salvador de Mundo</a>, San Salvador, El Salvador by <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Amato" title="Angelo Amato">Angelo Amato</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Canonized</th><td class="infobox-data">14 October 2018 <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter's Square">Saint Peter's Square</a>, Vatican City by Pope Francis</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Attributes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_vestments" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal vestments">Episcopal vestments</a> <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_martyrdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown of martyrdom">Crown of martyrdom</a> <a href="/wiki/Martyr%27s_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Martyr's palm">Martyr's palm</a> <a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Patronage</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Christian communicators<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/The_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="The Americas">The Americas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_San_Salvador" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of San Salvador">Archdiocese of San Salvador</a></li><li>Persecuted Christians</li><li><a href="/wiki/Caritas_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Caritas International">Caritas International</a> (co-patron)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li></ul></div> <a href="/wiki/Cainta" title="Cainta">Cainta</a>, Rizal, Philippines (Quasi-Parish)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="font-weight:bold; background-color: #FFCF00 ;"> Ordination history</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; padding-left:2em; background-color:#eee">History</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #333; border-top: 3px solid #333">Priestly ordination</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">4 April 1942</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Place</th><td class="infobox-data">Rome, Italy</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #800080; border-top: 3px solid #800080">Episcopal consecration</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Principal consecrator</th><td class="infobox-data">Girolamo Prigione</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Co-consecrators</th><td class="infobox-data">Luis Chávez y González and Arturo Rivera y Damas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">21 June 1970</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Source(s):<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Óscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdámez (15 August 1917 – 24 March 1980) was a <a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">prelate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_El_Salvador" title="Catholic Church in El Salvador">Catholic Church in El Salvador</a>. He served as Auxiliary Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_San_Salvador" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Salvador">Archdiocese of San Salvador</a>, the Titular Bishop of Tambeae, as <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Santiago_de_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Santiago de María">Bishop of Santiago de María</a>, and finally as the fourth Archbishop of San Salvador. As archbishop, Romero spoke out against social injustice and violence amid the escalating conflict between the <a href="/wiki/Military_government" title="Military government">military government</a> and left-wing insurgents that led to the <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Civil_War" title="Salvadoran Civil War">Salvadoran Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> In 1980, Romero was shot by an assassin while celebrating <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a>. Though no one was ever convicted for the crime, investigations by the UN-created <a href="/wiki/Truth_Commission_for_El_Salvador" title="Truth Commission for El Salvador">Truth Commission for El Salvador</a> concluded that Major <a href="/wiki/Roberto_D%27Aubuisson" title="Roberto D'Aubuisson">Roberto D'Aubuisson</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Death_squads_in_El_Salvador" title="Death squads in El Salvador">death squad</a> leader and later founder of the right-wing <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Republican_Alliance" title="Nationalist Republican Alliance">Nationalist Republican Alliance</a> (ARENA) political party, had ordered the killing.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> In 1997, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> bestowed upon Romero the title of <a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God#Catholic_Church" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a>, and a cause for his <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatification</a> was opened by the church. The cause stalled, but was reopened by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> in 2012. Romero was declared a <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyr</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> on 3 February 2015, paving the way for his beatification on 23 May 2015. During Romero's beatification, Pope Francis declared that his "ministry was distinguished by his particular attention to the most poor and marginalized."<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Pope Francis <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonized</a> Romero on 14 October 2018. Seen as a social conservative at the time of his appointment as archbishop in 1977, Romero was deeply affected by the murder of his friend and fellow priest <a href="/wiki/Rutilio_Grande" title="Rutilio Grande">Rutilio Grande</a> and thereafter became an outspoken critic of the <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_in_El_Salvador" title="Military dictatorship in El Salvador">military government of El Salvador</a>. Hailed by supporters of <a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">liberation theology</a>, Romero, according to his biographer, "was not interested in liberation theology" but faithfully adhered to Catholic teachings on liberation and a <a href="/wiki/Preferential_option_for_the_poor" class="mw-redirect" title="Preferential option for the poor">preferential option for the poor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> desiring a <a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">social revolution</a> based on interior reform. Up to the end of his life, his spiritual life drew much from the spirituality of <a href="/wiki/Opus_Dei" title="Opus Dei">Opus Dei</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> In 2010, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> proclaimed 24 March as the "International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims" in recognition of Romero's role in defense of human rights. Romero actively denounced violations of the human rights of the most vulnerable people and defended the principles of protecting lives, promoting human dignity and opposing all forms of violence. Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Escobar_Alas" title="José Luis Escobar Alas">José Luis Escobar Alas</a>, one of Romero's successors as Archbishop of San Salvador, asked Pope Francis to proclaim Romero a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctor of the Church</a>, which is an acknowledgement from the church that his religious teachings were orthodox and had a significant impact on its philosophy and theology.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Latin American church groups often proclaim Romero an unofficial <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="The Americas">the Americas</a> and El Salvador; Catholics in El Salvador often refer to him as San Romero, as well as Monseñor Romero. Outside of Catholicism, Romero is honored by other <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christian denominations</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>, through the Calendar in <a href="/wiki/Common_Worship" title="Common Worship">Common Worship</a>, as well as in at least one <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_liturgical_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran liturgical calendar">Lutheran liturgical calendar</a>. Romero is also one of the ten 20th-century martyrs depicted in statues above the Great West Door of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> in London. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MOAR_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/MOAR_3.jpg/170px-MOAR_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/MOAR_3.jpg/255px-MOAR_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/MOAR_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Romero in 1941</figcaption></figure> Óscar Romero was born on 15 August 1917<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> to Santos Romero and Guadalupe de Jesús Galdámez in <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Barrios" title="Ciudad Barrios">Ciudad Barrios</a> in the <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_Department_(El_Salvador)" title="San Miguel Department (El Salvador)">San Miguel department</a> of <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> On 11 May 1919, at the age of one, Romero was baptized into the Catholic Church by the priest Cecilio Morales.<a href="#cite_note-Brockman1989-13">[13]</a> Romero entered the local public school, which offered only grades one through three. When finished with public school, Romero was privately tutored by a teacher, Anita Iglesias,<a href="#cite_note-Brockman1982-14">[14]</a> until the age of thirteen.<a href="#cite_note-Brockman2005-15">[15]</a> During this time Romero's father trained him in carpentry.<a href="#cite_note-Royal2000-16">[16]</a> Romero showed exceptional proficiency as an apprentice. His father wanted to offer his son the skill of a trade, because in El Salvador studies seldom led to employment,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> however, Romero broached the idea of studying for the priesthood, which did not surprise those who knew him.<a href="#cite_note-liberators-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Priesthood">Priesthood</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Priesthood">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Romero,_Vatican_City,_1942,_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg/170px-Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg/255px-Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg/340px-Romero%2C_Vatican_City%2C_1942%2C_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Romero in 1942 at <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">the Vatican</a>.</figcaption></figure> Romero entered the <a href="/wiki/Minor_seminary" title="Minor seminary">minor seminary</a> in San Miguel at the age of thirteen. He left the seminary for three months to return home when his mother became ill after the birth of her eighth child; during this time he worked with two of his brothers in a gold mine near Ciudad Barrios.<a href="#cite_note-liberators-18">[18]</a> After graduation, he enrolled in the national <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a> in San Salvador. He completed his studies at the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian University">Gregorian University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, where he received a <a href="/wiki/Licentiate_in_Theology" title="Licentiate in Theology">Licentiate in Theology</a> cum laude in 1941, but had to wait a year to be ordained because he was younger than the required age.<a href="#cite_note-wright-19">[19]</a> He was <a href="/wiki/Holy_Orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Orders">ordained</a> in Rome on 4 April 1942.<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-un-20">[20]</a> His family could not attend his ordination because of travel restrictions due to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kell-bio-21">[21]</a> Romero remained in Italy to obtain a doctoral degree in theology, specializing in <a href="/wiki/Ascetical_theology" title="Ascetical theology">ascetical theology</a> and Christian perfection according to <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_la_Puente" title="Luis de la Puente">Luis de la Puente</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wright-19">[19]</a> Before finishing, in 1943 at the age of 26, he was summoned back home from Italy by his bishop. He traveled home with a good friend, Father Valladares, who was also doing doctoral work in Rome. On the route home, they made stops in Spain and Cuba, where they were detained by the Cuban police, likely for having come from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy#Fascist_regime_(1922–1943)" title="Kingdom of Italy">Fascist Italy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and were placed in a series of internment camps. After several months in prison, Valladares became sick and <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer">Redemptorist</a> priests helped to have the two transferred to a hospital. From the hospital they were released from Cuban custody and sailed on to Mexico, then traveled overland to El Salvador.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Romero was first assigned to serve as a <a href="/wiki/Parish_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish priest">parish priest</a> in <a href="/wiki/Anamor%C3%B3s" title="Anamorós">Anamorós</a>, but then moved to <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel,_El_Salvador" title="San Miguel, El Salvador">San Miguel</a> where he worked for over 20 years.<a href="#cite_note-un-20">[20]</a> He promoted various apostolic groups, started an <a href="/wiki/Alcoholics_Anonymous" title="Alcoholics Anonymous">Alcoholics Anonymous</a> group, helped in the construction of San Miguel's cathedral, and supported devotion to <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Peace" title="Our Lady of Peace">Our Lady of Peace</a>. He was later appointed rector of the inter-diocesan seminary in <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador" title="San Salvador">San Salvador</a>. Emotionally and physically exhausted by his work in San Miguel, Romero took a retreat in January 1966 where he visited a priest for confession and a psychiatrist. He was diagnosed by the psychiatrist as having <a href="/wiki/Obsessive-compulsive_personality_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder">obsessive-compulsive personality disorder</a> and by priests with <a href="/wiki/Scrupulosity" title="Scrupulosity">scrupulosity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In 1966, he was chosen to be Secretary of the Bishops Conference for El Salvador. He also became the director of the archdiocesan newspaper Orientación, which became fairly conservative while he was editor, defending the traditional Magisterium of the Catholic Church.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bishop_and_Archbishop">Bishop and Archbishop</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bishop and Archbishop">edit</a>]</div> On 25 April 1970, Romero was appointed an <a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">auxiliary bishop</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_San_Salvador" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Salvador">Archdiocese of San Salvador</a> and as the titular bishop of Tambeae.<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a> He was consecrated on 21 June by <a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Prigione" title="Girolamo Prigione">Girolamo Prigione</a>, titular Archbishop of Lauriacum.<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a> On 15 October 1974, he was appointed Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Santiago_de_Mar%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Santiago de María">Diocese of Santiago de María</a>, a poor, rural region.<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-un-20">[20]</a> On 3 February 1977, Romero was appointed Archbishop of San Salvador, assuming the position on 22 February.<a href="#cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">[3]</a> While this appointment was welcomed by the government, many priests were disappointed, especially those openly supportive of <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxist</a> ideology. The progressive priests feared that his conservative reputation would negatively affect <a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">liberation theology</a>'s commitment to the poor.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg/170px-Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg/255px-Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg/340px-Mural_Oscar_Romero_UES.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>A mural of Óscar Romero</figcaption></figure> On 12 March 1977, <a href="/wiki/Rutilio_Grande" title="Rutilio Grande">Rutilio Grande</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuit</a> priest and personal friend of Romero who had been creating self-reliance groups among the poor, was assassinated. His death had a profound impact on Romero, who later stated: "When I looked at Rutilio lying there dead I thought, 'If they have killed him for doing what he did, then I too have to walk the same path.'"<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Romero urged the government to investigate, but they ignored his request. Furthermore, the censored press remained silent.<a href="#cite_note-infed.org-30">[30]</a> Tension was noted by the closure of schools and the lack of Catholic priests invited to participate in government. In response to Grande's murder, Romero revealed an activism that had not been evident earlier, speaking out against poverty, social injustice, assassinations and torture.<a href="#cite_note-Eaton-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> On 15 October 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_Junta_of_El_Salvador" title="Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador">Revolutionary Government Junta</a> (JRG) came to power amidst a wave of human rights abuses by paramilitary right-wing groups and the government, in an escalation of violence that would become the <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Civil_War" title="Salvadoran Civil War">Salvadoran Civil War</a>. Romero criticized the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> for giving military aid to the new government and wrote an open letter to President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in February 1980, warning that increased US military aid would "undoubtedly sharpen the injustice and the political repression inflicted on the organized people, whose struggle has often been for their most basic human rights." This letter was then sent, via telegram, from the U.S. embassy in El Salvador to Washington D.C.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Carter did not directly respond to the letter; instead, <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Cyrus Vance</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_(U.S._state_government)" title="Secretary of state (U.S. state government)">Secretary of State</a>, wrote a telegram back to the U.S. embassy. The telegram carried a very contradictory message, both stating that the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> will not interfere but will respond to the Revolutionary Government Junta's requests. It is unknown if Archbishop Romero received the telegram.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> On 11 May 1979, Romero met with <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> and unsuccessfully attempted to obtain a Vatican condemnation of the Salvadoran military regime for committing human rights violations and its support of <a href="/wiki/Death_squads_in_El_Salvador" title="Death squads in El Salvador">death squads</a>, and expressed his frustration in working with clergy who cooperated with the government. He was encouraged by Pope John Paul II to maintain episcopal unity as a top priority.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-infed.org-30">[30]</a> As a result of his humanitarian efforts, Romero began to be noticed internationally. In February 1980, he was given an honorary doctorate by the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Catholic University of Louvain</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statements_on_persecution_of_the_church">Statements on persecution of the church</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Statements on persecution of the church">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg/170px-Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg/255px-Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg/340px-Oscar_Romero_by_puigreixach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="1091" /></a><figcaption>Óscar Romero (pastel) by J. Puig Reixach (2013)</figcaption></figure> Romero denounced the persecution of members of the Catholic Church who had worked on behalf of the poor:<a href="#cite_note-Louvaine-37">[37]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">In less than three years, more than fifty priests have been attacked, threatened, calumniated. Six are already martyrs—they were murdered. Some have been tortured and others expelled [from the country]. Nuns have also been persecuted. The archdiocesan radio station and educational institutions that are Catholic or of a Christian inspiration have been attacked, threatened, intimidated, even bombed. Several parish communities have been raided. If all this has happened to persons who are the most evident representatives of the Church, you can guess what has happened to ordinary Christians, to the campesinos, catechists, lay ministers, and to the ecclesial base communities. There have been threats, arrests, tortures, murders, numbering in the hundreds and thousands.... But it is important to note why [the Church] has been persecuted. Not any and every priest has been persecuted, not any and every institution has been attacked. That part of the church has been attacked and persecuted that put itself on the side of the people and went to the people's defense. Here again we find the same key to understanding the persecution of the church: the poor.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Óscar Romero, Speech at the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Université catholique de Louvain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, 2 February 1980.</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popular_radio_sermons">Popular radio sermons</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Popular radio sermons">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg/220px-O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg/330px-O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg/440px-O.Romero_1979_autographed_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Romero in 1979.</figcaption></figure> By the time of his death, Romero had gained an enormous following among Salvadorans. He did this largely through broadcasting his weekly sermons across El Salvador<a href="#cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">[38]</a> on the church's station, YSAX, "except when it was bombed off the air."<a href="#cite_note-diary-39">[39]</a> In these sermons, he listed disappearances, tortures, murders, and much more each Sunday.<a href="#cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">[38]</a> This was followed by an hour-long speech on radio the following day. On the importance of these broadcasts, one writer noted that "the archbishop's Sunday sermon was the main source in El Salvador about what was happening. It was estimated to have the largest listenership of any programme in the country."<a href="#cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">[38]</a> According to listener surveys, 73% of the rural population and 47% of the urban listened regularly.<a href="#cite_note-diary-39">[39]</a> Similarly, his diocesan weekly paper Orientación carried lists of cases of torture and repression every week.<a href="#cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theology">Theology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Theology">edit</a>]</div> According to Jesús Delgado, his biographer and <a href="/wiki/Postulator" title="Postulator">postulator</a> of the cause for his canonization, Romero agreed with the Catholic vision of liberation theology and not with the materialist vision: "A journalist once asked him: 'Do you agree with Liberation Theology' And Romero answered: "Yes, of course. However, there are two theologies of liberation. One is that which sees liberation only as material liberation. The other is that of Paul VI. I am with Paul VI."<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Delgado said that Romero did not read the books on liberation theology which he received, and he gave the lowest priority to liberation theology among the topics that he studied.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Romero preached that "the most profound social revolution is the serious, supernatural, interior reform of a Christian."<a href="#cite_note-A._Romero_p._1-42">[42]</a> He also emphasized: "The liberation of Christ and of His Church is not reduced to the dimension of a purely temporal project. It does not reduce its objectives to an anthropocentric perspective: to a material well-being or only to initiatives of a political or social, economic or cultural order. Much less can it be a liberation that supports or is supported by violence."<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Romero expressed several times his disapproval of divisiveness in the church. In a sermon preached on 11 November 1979 he said: "the other day, one of the persons who proclaims liberation in a political sense was asked: 'For you, what is the meaning of the Church'?" He said that the activist "answered with these scandalous words: 'There are two churches, the church of the rich and the church of the poor. We believe in the church of the poor but not in the church of the rich.'" Romero declared, "Clearly these words are a form of demagogy and I will never admit a division of the Church." He added, "There is only one Church, the Church that Christ preached, the Church to which we should give our whole hearts. There is only one Church, a Church that adores the living God and knows how to give relative value to the goods of this earth."<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spiritual_life">Spiritual life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Spiritual life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg/220px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg/330px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg/440px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_Paul_VI_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> and Romero, 1978</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg/220px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg/330px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg/440px-%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero_with_Pope_John_Paul_II_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II" class="mw-redirect" title="John Paul II">John Paul II</a> and Romero, 1979</figcaption></figure> Romero noted in his diary on 4 February 1943: "In recent days the Lord has inspired in me a great desire for holiness. I have been thinking of how far a soul can ascend if it lets itself be possessed entirely by God." Commenting on this passage, James R. Brockman, Romero's biographer and author of Romero: A Life, said that "All the evidence available indicates that he continued on his quest for holiness until the end of his life. But he also matured in that quest."<a href="#cite_note-spirjourn-46">[46]</a> According to Brockman, Romero's spiritual journey had some of these characteristics: <ul><li>love for the Church of Rome, shown by his episcopal motto, "to be of one mind with the Church," a phrase he took from <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">St. Ignatius</a>' <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Exercises" title="Spiritual Exercises">Spiritual Exercises</a>;</li> <li>a tendency to make a very deep <a href="/wiki/Examination_of_conscience" title="Examination of conscience">examination of conscience</a>;</li> <li>an emphasis on sincere <a href="/wiki/Piety" title="Piety">piety</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortification_in_Roman_Catholic_teaching" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortification in Roman Catholic teaching">mortification</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">penance</a> through his duties;</li> <li>providing protection for his <a href="/wiki/Chastity" title="Chastity">chastity</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_direction" title="Spiritual direction">spiritual direction</a>;</li> <li>"being one with the Church incarnated in this people which stands in need of liberation";</li> <li>eagerness for contemplative prayer and finding God in others;</li> <li>fidelity to the <a href="/wiki/Will_of_God" title="Will of God">will of God</a>;</li> <li>self-offering to <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>.</li></ul> Romero was a strong advocate of the spiritual charism of <a href="/wiki/Opus_Dei" title="Opus Dei">Opus Dei</a>. He received weekly spiritual direction from a priest of the Opus Dei movement.<a href="#cite_note-cruxnow.com-47">[47]</a> In 1975 he wrote in support of the cause of canonization of Opus Dei's founder, "Personally, I owe deep gratitude to the priests involved with the Work, to whom I have entrusted with much satisfaction the spiritual direction of my own life and that of other priests."<a href="#cite_note-Opus_Dei_archives-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assassination">Assassination</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Assassination">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assassination_of_Oscar_Romero.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Assassination_of_Oscar_Romero.jpg/220px-Assassination_of_Oscar_Romero.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c6/Assassination_of_Oscar_Romero.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption>Photo that appeared in <a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a> on 7 November 2009 with the information that the state of <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> recognized its responsibility in the crime.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></figcaption></figure> On 23 March 1980, Archbishop Romero delivered a sermon in which he called on Salvadoran soldiers, as <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>, to obey God's higher order and to stop carrying out the government's repression and violations of basic <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-kell-bio-21">[21]</a> Romero spent 24 March in a recollection organized by Opus Dei,<a href="#cite_note-auto-8">[8]</a> a monthly gathering of priest friends led by <a href="/wiki/Fernando_S%C3%A1enz_Lacalle" title="Fernando Sáenz Lacalle">Fernando Sáenz Lacalle</a>. On that day they reflected on the priesthood.<a href="#cite_note-romereports.com-52">[52]</a> That evening, Romero celebrated <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a><a href="#cite_note-Gómez2003-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-Settimba2009-54">[54]</a> at a small chapel at Hospital de la Divina Providencia (Divine Providence Hospital),<a href="#cite_note-nytimesmurder-55">[55]</a> a church-run hospital specializing in oncology and care for the terminally ill.<a href="#cite_note-wapomurder-56">[56]</a> Romero finished his sermon, stepped away from the <a href="/wiki/Lectern" title="Lectern">lectern</a>, and took a few steps to stand at the center of the altar.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-51">[51]</a> As Romero finished speaking, a red car came to a stop on the street in front of the chapel. A gunman emerged from the vehicle, stepped to the door of the chapel, and fired one, or possibly two, shots. Romero was struck in the heart, and the vehicle sped off.<a href="#cite_note-nytimesmurder-55">[55]</a> He died at the Chapel of Hospital de la Divina Providencia in San Salvador. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funeral">Funeral</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Funeral">edit</a>]</div> Romero was buried in the <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="San Salvador Cathedral">Metropolitan Cathedral of San Salvador</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Requiem_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Requiem Mass">Funeral Mass</a> on 30 March 1980 in San Salvador was attended by more than 250,000 mourners from all over the world. Viewing this attendance as a protest, <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> priest <a href="/wiki/John_Dear" title="John Dear">John Dear</a> has said, "Romero's funeral was the largest demonstration in Salvadoran history, some say in the history of <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>."<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> At the funeral, <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a> <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Corripio_y_Ahumada" title="Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada">Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada</a>, speaking as the personal delegate of Pope John Paul II, eulogized Romero as a "beloved, peacemaking man of God," and stated that "his blood will give fruit to brotherhood, love and peace."<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Massacre_at_Romero's_funeral">Massacre at Romero's funeral</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Massacre at Romero's funeral">edit</a>]</div> During the ceremony, smoke bombs exploded on the streets near the cathedral and subsequently there were rifle shots that came from surrounding buildings, including the <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_(El_Salvador)" title="National Palace (El Salvador)">National Palace</a>. Many people were killed by gunfire and in the stampede of people running away from the explosions and gunfire. Official sources reported 31 overall casualties, while journalists claimed that between 30 and 50 died.<a href="#cite_note-Morozzo-59">[59]</a> Some witnesses claimed it was government security forces who threw bombs into the crowd, and army sharpshooters, dressed as civilians, who fired into the chaos from the balcony or roof of the National Palace. However, there are contradictory accounts about the course of the events and one historian, Roberto Morozzo della Rocca, stated that "probably, one will never know the truth about the interrupted funeral."<a href="#cite_note-Morozzo-59">[59]</a> As the gunfire continued, Romero's body was buried in a crypt beneath the sanctuary. Even after the burial, people continued to line up to pay homage to the assassinated prelate.<a href="#cite_note-kell-bio-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-kell-chron-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-requiem-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-40killed-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_reaction">International reaction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: International reaction">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ireland">Ireland</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ireland">edit</a>]</div> All sections of Irish political and religious life condemned his assassination, with the Minister for Foreign Affairs <a href="/wiki/Brian_Lenihan_Snr" title="Brian Lenihan Snr">Brian Lenihan</a> "expressing shock and revulsion at the murder of Dr Romero,"<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> while the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3caire" title="Trócaire">Trócaire</a> charity, Bishop <a href="/wiki/Eamon_Casey" class="mw-redirect" title="Eamon Casey">Eamon Casey</a>, revealed that he had received a letter from Romero that very day.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-64">[64]</a> The previous October, parliamentarians had given their support to the nomination of Romero for the Nobel Peace Prize.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-64">[64]</a> In March each year since the 1980s, the Irish–El Salvador Support Committee holds a mass in honour of Romero.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United Kingdom">edit</a>]</div> In October 1978, 119 British parliamentarians had nominated Romero for the Nobel Prize for Peace. In this they were supported by 26 members of the United States Congress.<a href="#cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">[38]</a> When news of the assassination was reported in March 1980, the new <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Runcie" title="Robert Runcie">Robert Runcie</a>, was about to be enthroned in <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>. On hearing of Romero's death, one writer observed that Runcie "departed from the ancient traditions to decry the murder of Archbishop Óscar Romero in El Salvador."<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Public_reaction">Public reaction</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Public reaction">edit</a>]</div> The United States public's reaction to Archbishop Romero's death was symbolized through the "martyrdom of Romero" as an inspiration to end US military aid to El Salvador. In December 1980 the <a href="/wiki/International_Longshore_and_Warehouse_Union" title="International Longshore and Warehouse Union">International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union</a> refused to deliver military equipment destined for the Salvadoran government. The leader of the union, Jim Herman, was known as a supporter of Romero and denounced his death.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> On 24 March 1984 a protest was held in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a> where around 3,000 people, organized by 20 November Coalition, protested US intervention in El Salvador, using the anniversary of the Archbishop's death and his face as a symbol.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> On 24 March 1990, 10,000 people marched in front of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> to denounce the military aid that was still flowing from the United States to the Salvadoran government. Protestors carried a bust of the archbishop and quoted some of his speeches, in addition to the event being held on the anniversary of his death. Noted figures <a href="/wiki/Ed_Asner" title="Ed Asner">Ed Asner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Casolo" title="Jennifer Casolo">Jennifer Casolo</a> participated in the event.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Government_response">Government response</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Government response">edit</a>]</div> On 25 March 1980, US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Cyrus Vance</a> revealed that the White House would continue to fund the Salvadoran government and provide it military aid, in spite of the pleas of Romero and his death immediately prior to this announcement.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> On 31 March 1983, <a href="/wiki/Roberto_D%27Aubuisson" title="Roberto D'Aubuisson">Roberto D'Aubuisson</a> was allowed entry to the United States by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">State Department</a> after deeming him not barred from entry any longer. When asked about D'Aubuisson's association with the assassination of Romero, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a> responded that "the allegations have not been substantiated."<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In November 1993, documents by the Department of State, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> were released after pressure by Congress increased. The 12,000 documents revealed that the administrations of <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> knew of the assassinations conducted by D'Aubuisson, including that of Romero, yet still worked with him despite this.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Investigations_into_the_assassination">Investigations into the assassination</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Investigations into the assassination">edit</a>]</div> No one has ever been prosecuted for the assassination, or confessed to it to police. The gunman was not identified until 2000.<a href="#cite_note-elfaro-73">[73]</a> Immediately following the assassination, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Napole%C3%B3n_Duarte" title="José Napoleón Duarte">José Napoleón Duarte</a>, the newly appointed <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(El_Salvador)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (El Salvador)">foreign minister of El Salvador</a>, actively promulgated a "blame on both sides" propaganda trope in order to provide cover for the lack of official inquiry into the assassination plot.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Subsequent investigations by the United Nations and other international bodies have established that the four assassins were members of a death squad led by D'Aubuisson.<a href="#cite_note-scarend-75">[75]</a> Revelations of the D'Aubuisson plot came to light in 1984 when US ambassador <a href="/wiki/Robert_White_(ambassador)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert White (ambassador)">Robert White</a> testified before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> that "there was sufficient evidence" to convict D'Aubuisson of planning and ordering Romero's assassination.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In 1993, an official <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> report identified D'Aubuisson as the man who ordered the killing.<a href="#cite_note-Morozzo-59">[59]</a> D'Aubuisson had strong connections to the <a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicaraguan National Guard">Nicaraguan National Guard</a> and to its offshoot the <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_of_September_Legion" title="Fifteenth of September Legion">Fifteenth of September Legion</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> and had also planned to overthrow the government in a coup. Later, he founded the political party <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Republican_Alliance" title="Nationalist Republican Alliance">Nationalist Republican Alliance</a> (ARENA), and organized death squads that systematically carried out politically motivated assassinations and other human rights abuses in El Salvador. Álvaro Rafael Saravia, a former captain in the <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Air_Force" title="Salvadoran Air Force">Salvadoran Air Force</a>, was chief of security for D'Aubuisson and an active member of these death squads. In 2003 a United States human rights organization, the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Justice_and_Accountability" title="Center for Justice and Accountability">Center for Justice and Accountability</a>, filed a civil action against Saravia. In 2004, he was found liable by a <a href="/wiki/US_District_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="US District Court">US District Court</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Alien_Tort_Claims_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Alien Tort Claims Act">Alien Tort Claims Act</a> (ATCA) (28 U.S.C. § 1350) for aiding, conspiring, and participating in the assassination of Romero. Saravia was ordered to pay $10 million for <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> pursuant to the ATCA;<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> he has since gone into hiding.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> On 24 March 2010–the thirtieth anniversary of Romero's death–Salvadoran President <a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Funes" title="Mauricio Funes">Mauricio Funes</a> offered an official state apology for Romero's assassination. Speaking before Romero's family, representatives of the Catholic Church, diplomats, and government officials, Funes said those involved in the assassination "unfortunately acted with the protection, collaboration, or participation of state agents."<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> A 2000 article by Tom Gibb, then a correspondent with The Guardian and later with the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, attributes the murder to a detective of the Salvadoran National Police named Óscar Pérez Linares, acting on the orders of D'Aubuisson. The article cites an anonymous former death squad member who claimed he had been assigned to guard a house in San Salvador used by a unit of three counter-guerrilla operatives directed by D'Aubuisson. The guard, whom Gibb identified as "Jorge," purported to have witnessed Linares fraternizing with the group, which was nicknamed the "Little Angels," and to have heard them praise Linares for the killing. The article furthermore attributes full knowledge of the assassination to the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> as far back as 1983.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-scarend-75">[75]</a> The article reports that both Linares and the Little Angels commander, who Jorge identified as "El Negro Mario," were killed by a CIA-trained Salvadoran special police unit in 1986; the unit had been assigned to investigate the murders. In 1983, U.S. Lt. Col. <a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">Oliver North</a>, aide to then-Vice President George H.W. Bush, is alleged to have personally requested the Salvadoran military to "remove" Linares and several others from their service. Three years later they were pursued and extrajudicially killed – Linares after being found in neighboring Guatemala. The article cites another source in the Salvadoran military as saying "they knew far too much to live."<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In a 2010 article for the Salvadoran online newspaper <a href="/wiki/El_Faro_(digital_newspaper)" title="El Faro (digital newspaper)">El Faro</a>,<a href="#cite_note-elfaro-73">[73]</a> Saravia was interviewed from a mountain hideout.<a href="#cite_note-elfaro-73">[73]</a> He named D'Aubuisson as giving the assassination order to him over the phone,<a href="#cite_note-elfaro-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> and said that he and his cohorts drove the assassin to the chapel and paid him 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_col%C3%B3n" title="Salvadoran colón">Salvadoran colónes</a> after the event.<a href="#cite_note-elfaro-73">[73]</a> In April 2017, however, in the wake of the overruling of a civil war <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> law the previous year, a judge in El Salvador, Rigoberto Chicas, allowed the case against the escaped Saravia's alleged role in the murder of Romero to be reopened. On 23 October 2018, days after Romero's canonization, Judge Chicas issued a new arrest warrant for him, and Interpol and the National Police are charged with finding his hideout and apprehending him.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetabletwarrant-85">[85]</a> As both D'Aubuisson and Linares had already died, they could not be prosecuted. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_recognition">International recognition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: International recognition">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg/220px-Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg/330px-Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg/440px-Monse%C3%B1orRomero.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1931" data-file-height="2898" /></a><figcaption>Romero's tomb as seen in 2021.</figcaption></figure> During his first visit to El Salvador in 1983, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> entered the cathedral in San Salvador and prayed at Romero's tomb, despite opposition from the government and from some within the church who strongly opposed liberation theology. Afterwards, the Pope praised Romero as a "zealous and venerated pastor who tried to stop violence." John Paul II also asked for dialogue between the government and opposition to end El Salvador's civil war.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> On 7 May 2000, in Rome's Colosseum during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Jubilee" title="Great Jubilee">Jubilee Year</a> celebrations, Pope John Paul II commemorated 20th century martyrs. Of the several categories of martyrs, the seventh consisted of Christians who were killed for defending their brethren in the Americas. Despite the opposition of some social conservatives within the church, John Paul II insisted that Romero be included. He asked the organizers of the event to proclaim Romero "that great witness of the Gospel."<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> On 21 December 2010, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 24 March as the International Day for the Right to the Truth concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims which recognizes, in particular, the important work and values of Romero.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> On 22 March 2011, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> visited Romero's tomb during an official visit to El Salvador.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Irish President <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a> visited the cathedral and tomb of Romero on 25 October 2013 during a state visit to El Salvador.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Famed linguist <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a> speaks highly of Romero's social work, and refers often to his murder.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In 2014, El Salvador's main international airport was named after him, becoming <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador_International_Airport" title="El Salvador International Airport">Monseñor Óscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdámez International Airport</a>, and later, San Óscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdámez International Airport in 2018 after his canonization.<a href="#cite_note-name_change_2018-94">[94]</a> Romero is <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">remembered</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Episcopal_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)">Episcopal Church</a> on 24 March.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sainthood">Sainthood</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sainthood">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Process_for_beatification">Process for beatification</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Process for beatification">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_(17393112443).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg/220px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg/330px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg/440px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2817393112443%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Savior of the World Plaza at the beatification</figcaption></figure> Romero's sainthood cause at the Vatican was opened in 1993, but the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Service" title="Catholic News Service">Catholic News Service</a> reported that it "was delayed for years as the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith studied his writings, amid wider debate over whether he had been killed for his faith or for political reasons."<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> In March 2005, <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Paglia" title="Vincenzo Paglia">Vincenzo Paglia</a>, the Vatican official in charge of the process, announced that Romero's cause had cleared a theological audit by the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, at the time headed by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (later elected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>) and that beatification could follow within six months.<a href="#cite_note-cwnews-98">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> died within weeks of those remarks. Predictably, the transition of the new pontiff slowed down the work of canonizations and beatifications. Pope Benedict instituted changes that had the overall effect of reining in the Vatican's so-called "factory of saints."<a href="#cite_note-timeproxy-99">[99]</a> In an October 2005 interview, Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva_Martins" title="José Saraiva Martins">José Saraiva Martins</a>, the Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, was asked if Paglia's predictions of a clearance for Romero's beatification remained on track. Saraiva responded, "Not as far as I know today,"<a href="#cite_note-saraiva-100">[100]</a> In November 2005, the Jesuit magazine <a href="/wiki/La_Civilt%C3%A0_Cattolica" title="La Civiltà Cattolica">La Civiltà Cattolica</a> signaled that Romero's beatification was still "years away."<a href="#cite_note-cn-0506300-101">[101]</a> Although Benedict XVI had always been a fierce critic of liberation theology, Paglia reported in December 2012 that the Pope had informed him of the decision to "unblock" the cause and allow it to move forward.<a href="#cite_note-catholicnews.com-102">[102]</a> However, no progress was made before Benedict's resignation in February 2013. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> was elected in March 2013, and in September 2013, Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Gerhard Ludwig Müller">Gerhard Ludwig Müller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prefect" title="Prefect">Prefect</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, stated that the Vatican doctrinal office has been "given the greenlight" to pursue sainthood for Romero.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beatification">Beatification</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Beatification">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_(18010267052).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg/220px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg/330px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg/440px-BEATIFICACI%C3%93N_DE_MONSE%C3%91OR_OSCAR_ARNULFO_ROMERO_%2818010267052%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatification</a> celebration on 23 May 2015 in San Salvador</figcaption></figure> On 18 August 2014, Pope Francis said that "[t]he process [of beatification of Romero] was at the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, blocked for 'prudential reasons', so they said. Now it is unblocked." Francis stated that "There are no doctrinal problems and it is very important that [the beatification] is done quickly."<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The beatification signaled Francis' affirmation of Romero's work with the poor and as a major change in the direction of the church since he was elected.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In January 2015, an advisory panel to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Causes of Saints">Congregation for the Causes of Saints</a> voted unanimously to recognize Romero as a martyr, and the cardinals who were voting members of the Congregation unanimously recommended to Francis that he be beatified as a martyr (a martyr can be beatified without recognition of a miracle).<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Paglia" title="Vincenzo Paglia">Vincenzo Paglia</a>, the postulator (chief promoter) of the causes of saints, said that Romero's assassination at the altar was intended "to strike the Church that flowed from the Second Vatican Council" and that the motive for his murder "was not caused by motives that were simply political, but by hatred for a faith that, imbued with charity, would not be silent in the face of the injustices that relentlessly and cruelly slaughtered the poor and their defenders."<a href="#cite_note-catholicnews.com-102">[102]</a> On 3 February 2015, Francis received Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Amato" title="Angelo Amato">Angelo Amato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prefect#Catholic_Church" title="Prefect">Prefect</a> of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, in a private audience, and authorized Amato to promulgate (officially authorize) Romero's decree of martyrdom, meaning it had gained the Congregation's voting members and the Pope's approval. This cleared the way for the Pope to later set a date for his beatification.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The beatification of Romero was held in San Salvador on 23 May 2015 in the Plaza Salvador del Mundo under the <a href="/wiki/Monumento_al_Divino_Salvador_del_Mundo" title="Monumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo">Monumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo</a>. Amato presided over the ceremony on behalf of Francis, who in a letter to Archbishop of San Salvador <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Escobar_Alas" title="José Luis Escobar Alas">José Luis Escobar Alas</a> marked the occasion by calling Romero "a voice that continues to resonate."<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> An estimated 250,000 people attended the service,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> many watching on large television screens set up in the streets around the plaza.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canonization">Canonization</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Canonization">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._(44398703435).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg/220px-Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg/330px-Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg/440px-Ceremonia_de_Canonizaci%C3%B3n_de_Monse%C3%B1or_Romero._%2844398703435%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6720" data-file-height="4480" /></a><figcaption>Canonization Mass celebrated on 14 October 2018 in Saint Peter's Square.</figcaption></figure> Three miracles were submitted to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints in Rome in October 2016 that could have led to Romero's canonization. But each of these miracles was rejected after being investigated. A fourth (concerning the pregnant woman Cecilia Maribel Flores) was investigated in a diocesan process in San Salvador that was opened on 31 January 2017 and which concluded its initial investigation on 28 February before documentation was submitted to Rome via the apostolic nunciature. The CCS validated this on 7 April.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> On 11 August, Paglia celebrated the Romero Centenary Mass in <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Cathedral,_Southwark" title="St George's Cathedral, Southwark">St George's Cathedral, Southwark</a>,<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> in London, where the cross and relics of Romero are preserved.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Subsequently, medical experts issued unanimous approval to the presented miracle on 26 October with theologians also confirming their approval on 14 December. The CCS members likewise approved the case on 6 February 2018. Pope Francis approved this miracle on 6 March 2018, allowing for Romero to be canonized and the date was announced at a consistory of cardinals held on 19 May. The canonization was celebrated in Rome's Saint Peter's Square on 14 October 2018.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Previously, there had been hopes that Romero would be canonized during a possible papal visit to El Salvador on 15 August 2017 – the centennial of the late bishop's birth – or that he could be canonized in <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Day_2019" title="World Youth Day 2019">World Youth Day</a> in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Romero was the first Salvadoran to be raised to the altars; the first martyred archbishop of America, the first to be declared a martyr after the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>;<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> and the first native saint of <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>,<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Saint_Joseph_de_Betancur" title="Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur">Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur</a>, who did all his work for which he was canonized in the city of <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_los_Caballeros" title="Santiago de los Caballeros">Santiago de los Caballeros</a> of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, was from <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>,<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a>) Romero had already been included on the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church">Anglican Church</a>'s list of official saints<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> and on the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church">Lutheran Church</a>'s liturgical calendar.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Homages_and_cultural_references">Homages and cultural references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Homages and cultural references">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SalvadorDelMundo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/SalvadorDelMundo.jpg/170px-SalvadorDelMundo.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/SalvadorDelMundo.jpg/255px-SalvadorDelMundo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/SalvadorDelMundo.jpg/340px-SalvadorDelMundo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monumento_al_Divino_Salvador_del_Mundo" title="Monumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo">Monumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo</a> in Plaza Salvador del Mundo</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Institutions">Institutions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Institutions">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The Romero Centre in <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, Ireland, is today an important centre that "promotes Development Education, Arts, Crafts, and Awareness about El Salvador."<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Christian_Initiative_Romero" title="Christian Initiative Romero">Christian Initiative Romero</a> is a non-profit organization in Germany working in support of industrial law and human rights in Central American countries.<a href="#cite_note-Ci-RomeroAboutus-128">[128]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Romero_Institute" title="Romero Institute">Romero Institute</a>, a nonprofit law and public policy center in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz, California</a>, U.S., headed by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sheehan_(attorney)" title="Daniel Sheehan (attorney)">Daniel Sheehan</a>, was named after Archbishop Romero in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a></li> <li>In 1989 the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Catholic_District_School_Board" title="Toronto Catholic District School Board">Toronto Catholic District School Board</a> opened a secondary school in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Canada, named after Archbishop Óscar Romero called <a href="/wiki/St._Oscar_Romero_Catholic_Secondary_School" title="St. Oscar Romero Catholic Secondary School">St. Oscar Romero Catholic Secondary School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-About_Us-130">[130]</a></li> <li>St. Oscar Romero Catholic High School<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> in Edmonton, Canada, formerly known as Archbishop Oscar Romero, and as Blessed Oscar Romero throughout his canonization.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Oscar_Romero_Catholic_School" title="St Oscar Romero Catholic School">St Oscar Romero Catholic School</a>, a coeducational secondary school in <a href="/wiki/Worthing" title="Worthing">Worthing</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Sussex" title="West Sussex">West Sussex</a>, England.</li> <li>Romero Center Ministries in <a href="/wiki/Camden,_New_Jersey" title="Camden, New Jersey">Camden, New Jersey</a>, U.S., provides Catholic education and retreat experiences inspired by Archbishop Óscar Romero's prophetic witness. The mission of Romero Center Ministries is to "seek personal, communal, and societal transformation by living ministry as proclaimed in Christ's Gospel." The center hosts over 1,600 guests annually from high schools, colleges, and youth groups which participate in the Urban Challenge program.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_University_of_Scranton" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Scranton">The University of Scranton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scranton,_Pennsylvania" title="Scranton, Pennsylvania">Scranton, Pennsylvania</a>, renamed a plaza of four residence halls after him in 2018, the group of buildings in now known as Romero Plaza.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_El_Paso" title="University of Texas at El Paso">University of Texas at El Paso</a>’s Catholic <a href="/wiki/Newman_Center" title="Newman Center">Newman Center</a> named its Ministry Center after the Bishop in 2019<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ed.ac.uk/">University of Edinburgh</a> named <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.accom.ed.ac.uk/our-accommodation/fraser-court/">student accommodation</a> after the Archbishop, and unveiled a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/oscar-romero-plaque-edinburgh">memorial plaque</a>, in 1991.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television_and_film">Television and film</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Television and film">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The opening scene in the otherwise fictional spy film <a href="/wiki/S.A.S._%C3%A0_San_Salvador" title="S.A.S. à San Salvador">S.A.S. à San Salvador</a> (1983) shows a car carrying thugs through <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador" title="San Salvador">San Salvador</a> and stopping at a church inside which the main villain assassinates Óscar Romero.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a>'s 1986 film <a href="/wiki/Salvador_(film)" title="Salvador (film)">Salvador</a> depicts a fictionalized version of the assassination of Romero (played by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Ruiz" title="José Carlos Ruiz">José Carlos Ruiz</a>) in a pivotal scene.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Romero's assassination (with <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Enr%C3%ADquez" title="René Enríquez">René Enríquez</a> as Romero) was also featured in the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">television film</a> <a href="/wiki/Choices_of_the_Heart" title="Choices of the Heart">Choices of the Heart</a> about the life and death of American Catholic missionary <a href="/wiki/Jean_Donovan" title="Jean Donovan">Jean Donovan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li>The Archbishop's life is the basis of the 1989 film <a href="/wiki/Romero_(film)" title="Romero (film)">Romero</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Duigan" title="John Duigan">John Duigan</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Raul_Julia" title="Raul Julia">Raul Julia</a> as Romero. It was produced by Paulist Productions (a film company run by the <a href="/wiki/Paulist_Fathers" title="Paulist Fathers">Paulist Fathers</a>, a Roman Catholic society of priests). Timed for release ten years after Romero's death, it was the first Hollywood feature film ever to be financed by the order. The film received respectful, if less-than-enthusiastic, reviews. <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> typified the critics who acknowledged that "The film has a good heart, and the Julia performance is an interesting one, restrained and considered. ...The film's weakness is a certain implacable predictability."<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a></li> <li>In 2005, while at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley_Graduate_School_of_Journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism">UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism</a>, Daniel Freed,<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> an independent documentary filmmaker and frequent contributor to <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> and <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>, made a 30-minute film entitled The Murder of Monseñor<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> which not only documented Romero's assassination but also told the story of how Álvaro Rafael Saravia – whom a US District court found, in 2004, had personally organized the assassination – moved to the United States and lived for 25 years as a used car salesman in <a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto, California</a>, until he became aware of the pending legal action against him in 2003 and disappeared, leaving behind his drivers license and social security card, as well as his credit cards and his dog. In 2016 a 1993 law protecting the actions of the military during the Civil War was overruled by a Salvadoran high court and on 23 October 2018, another court ordered the arrest of Saravia.<a href="#cite_note-thetabletwarrant-85">[85]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Show" title="The Daily Show">The Daily Show</a> episode on 17 March 2010 showed clips from the Texas State Board of Education in which "a panel of experts" recommended including Romero in the state's history books,<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> but an amendment proposed by Patricia Hardy<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> to exclude Romero was passed on 10 March 2010. The clip of Ms. Hardy shows her arguing against including Romero because "I guarantee you most of you did not know who Oscar Romero was. ...I just happen to think it's not [important]."<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a></li> <li>A film about the Archbishop, Monseñor, the Last Journey of Óscar Romero, with the priest Robert Pelton serving as executive producer, had its United States premiere in 2010. This film won the Latin American Studies Association (LASA) Award for Merit in film, in competition with 25 other films. Pelton was invited to show the film throughout Cuba. It was sponsored by ecclesial and human rights groups from Latin America and from North America.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alma_Guillermoprieto" title="Alma Guillermoprieto">Alma Guillermoprieto</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a> describes the film as a "hagiography," and as "an astonishing compilation of footage" of the final three years of his life.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visual_arts">Visual arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Visual arts">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._James_the_Greater" class="mw-redirect" title="St. James the Greater">St. James the Greater</a> Catholic Church in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Town,_West_Virginia" title="Charles Town, West Virginia">Charles Town, West Virginia</a> is the first known Catholic Church in the United States to venerate St. Oscar Romero with a <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> window in its building. The project was led by the first Spanish priest of the Wheeling-Charleston Diocese, José Escalante, who is originally from El Salvador, as a gift to the Spanish community of the parish.</li> <li>John Roberts sculpted a statue of Óscar Romero that fills a prominent niche on the western facade of Westminster Abbey in London; it was unveiled in the presence of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom">Queen Elizabeth II</a> in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-abbey-145">[145]</a></li> <li>Joan Walsh-Smith sculpted a statue of Saint Óscar Romero at The Holy Cross College Ellenbrook Western Australia in 2017. The sculpture depicts their College Patron "walking his faith" on his journey with the poor in El Salvador.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="From the Gallery of 20th-century martyrs at Westminster Abbey – Mother Elizabeth of Russia, Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Archbishop Óscar Romero and Pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer"><img alt="From the Gallery of 20th-century martyrs at Westminster Abbey – Mother Elizabeth of Russia, Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., Archbishop Óscar Romero and Pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg/200px-Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg/300px-Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg/400px-Westminster_Abbey_C20th_martyrs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="398" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">From the Gallery of 20th-century martyrs at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princess_Elisabeth_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine_(1864%E2%80%931918)" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (1864–1918)">Mother Elizabeth of Russia</a>, Rev. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>, Archbishop Óscar Romero and Pastor <a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Bonhoeffer" title="Dietrich Bonhoeffer">Dietrich Bonhoeffer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frank Diaz Escalet, 1998, "Oscar Romero, Un Regalo De Dios Para El Mundo Entero;" acrylic on Masonite. This painting is in a private collection in Sacramento, California."><img alt="Frank Diaz Escalet, 1998, "Oscar Romero, Un Regalo De Dios Para El Mundo Entero;" acrylic on Masonite. This painting is in a private collection in Sacramento, California." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg/150px-Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg/225px-Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg/300px-Diaz_Unregalo_De_Dios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Frank Diaz Escalet, 1998, "Oscar Romero, Un Regalo De Dios Para El Mundo Entero;" acrylic on Masonite. This painting is in a private collection in Sacramento, California.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Violinist <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Ponty" title="Jean-Luc Ponty">Jean-Luc Ponty</a>'s album <a href="/wiki/Individual_Choice" title="Individual Choice">Individual Choice</a> has a song dedicated to Oscar Romero: "Eulogy to Oscar Romero".</li> <li>Singer <a href="/wiki/Billy_Bragg" title="Billy Bragg">Billy Bragg</a>, on "The Marching Song Of The Covert Battalions", from his 1990 EP, <a href="/wiki/The_Internationale_(album)" title="The Internationale (album)">The Internationale</a>, shouts Oscar Romero's surname after the line, "Away with nuns and bishops".</li> <li>Panamanian musician <a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Blades" title="Rubén Blades">Rubén Blades</a> dedicated a song to him named "<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Padre_Antonio_y_el_Monaguillo_Andr%C3%A9s" class="extiw" title="es:El Padre Antonio y el Monaguillo Andrés">El Padre Antonio y el Monaguillo Andrés</a>".<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a></li> <li>Welsh folk-singer <a href="/wiki/Dafydd_Iwan" title="Dafydd Iwan">Dafydd Iwan</a> released the song 'Oscar Romero' in his memory on his 1991 album 'Dal i Gredu'.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_writing">Political writing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Political writing">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>In their book <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_Consent" title="Manufacturing Consent">Manufacturing Consent</a> (1988), <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Herman" title="Edward S. Herman">Edward S. Herman</a> compared US media coverage of the murders of Romero and other Latin American clergy in US client states with coverage of the murder of Catholic priest <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Popie%C5%82uszko" title="Jerzy Popiełuszko">Jerzy Popiełuszko</a> in "enemy" Communist <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> to explain their <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_model" title="Propaganda model">propaganda model</a> hypothesis.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-Goodwin-149">[149]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/48px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/64px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/48px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/64px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/32px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/48px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/64px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:El_Salvador" title="Portal:El Salvador">El Salvador portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_activists" title="List of peace activists">List of peace activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsolved_murders_(20th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of unsolved murders (20th century)">List of unsolved murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misa_Campesina_Nicarag%C3%BCense" title="Misa Campesina Nicaragüense">Misa Campesina Nicaragüense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rother" title="Stanley Rother">Stanley Rother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Civil_War" title="Salvadoran Civil War">Salvadoran Civil War</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Catholic priests assassinated in El Salvador during and after Óscar Romero's time as archbishop (1977–1980):</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rutilio_Grande" title="Rutilio Grande">Rutilio Grande</a>: assassinated 12 March 1977</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Navarro" title="Alfonso Navarro">Alfonso Navarro</a>: assassinated 11 May 1977</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Barrera" title="Ernesto Barrera">Ernesto Barrera</a>: assassinated 28 November 1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavio_Ortiz" title="Octavio Ortiz">Octavio Ortiz</a>: assassinated 20 January 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Palacios_(priest)" title="Rafael Palacios (priest)">Rafael Palacios</a>: assassinated 20 June 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Mac%C3%ADas" title="Napoleón Macías">Napoleón Macías</a>: assassinated 4 August 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Mart%C3%ADn-Bar%C3%B3" title="Ignacio Martín-Baró">Ignacio Martín-Baró</a>: assassinated 16 November 1989</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segundo_Montes" title="Segundo Montes">Segundo Montes</a>: assassinated 16 November 1989</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Ellacur%C3%ADa" title="Ignacio Ellacuría">Ignacio Ellacuría</a>: assassinated 16 November 1989</li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/1980_murders_of_U.S._missionaries_in_El_Salvador" title="1980 murders of U.S. missionaries in El Salvador">Murder of U.S. missionaries in El Salvador on 2 December 1980</a>: three <a href="/wiki/Religious_Sisters" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Sisters">Religious Sisters</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">lay</a> worker:</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maura_Clarke" title="Maura Clarke">Maura Clarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryknoll" title="Maryknoll">Maryknoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Donovan" title="Jean Donovan">Jean Donovan</a>, lay missionary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ita_Ford" title="Ita Ford">Ita Ford</a>, Maryknoll</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Kazel" title="Dorothy Kazel">Dorothy Kazel</a>, Ursuline nun</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=https%3A%2F%2Fofsdemexico.wordpress.com%2F2015%2F03%2F13%2F%25e2%2580%258boscar-romero-patrono-de-los-comunicadores-cristianos%2F&edit-text=&act=url">"Oscar Romero, patron of Christian communicators? (in Spanish)"</a>. Aleteia. 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Retrieved 18 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Romero+co-patrono+di+Caritas+Internationalis&rft.pub=Avvenire&rft.date=2015-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avvenire.it%2FChiesa%2FPagine%2Fromero-patrona-caritas-internationalis-rodrigues-maradiaga.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-catholic-heirarchy-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholic-heirarchy_3-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bromeroy.html">"Archbishop St. Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdamez †"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org" title="Catholic-Hierarchy.org">Catholic-Hierarchy.org</a>. Retrieved 10 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic-Hierarchy.org&rft.atitle=Archbishop+St.+Oscar+Arnulfo+Romero+y+Galdamez+%E2%80%A0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-hierarchy.org%2Fbishop%2Fbromeroy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZraick2018" class="citation news cs1">Zraick, Karen (13 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/13/world/europe/oscar-arnulfo-romero-saint-canonization.html">"Óscar Romero, Archbishop Killed While Saying Mass, Will Be Named a Saint on Sunday"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 9 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%C3%93scar+Romero%2C+Archbishop+Killed+While+Saying+Mass%2C+Will+Be+Named+a+Saint+on+Sunday&rft.date=2018-10-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Zraick&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F10%2F13%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Foscar-arnulfo-romero-saint-canonization.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrockett2005" class="citation book cs1">Brockett, Charles D. (21 February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a1_PgauRgLwC&pg=PA240">Political Movements and Violence in Central America</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521600552" title="Special:BookSources/9780521600552"><bdi>9780521600552</bdi></a>. Retrieved 19 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Movements+and+Violence+in+Central+America&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005-02-21&rft.isbn=9780521600552&rft.aulast=Brockett&rft.aufirst=Charles+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da1_PgauRgLwC%26pg%3DPA240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archivioradiovaticana.va/storico/2015/05/23/pope_francis_letter_for_the_beatification_of_%C3%83%C2%B3scar_romero/en-1146203">"Pope Francis sends letter for the beatification of Óscar Romero"</a>. www.archivioradiovaticana.va.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.archivioradiovaticana.va&rft.atitle=Pope+Francis+sends+letter+for+the+beatification+of+%C3%93scar+Romero&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archivioradiovaticana.va%2Fstorico%2F2015%2F05%2F23%2Fpope_francis_letter_for_the_beatification_of_%25C3%2583%25C2%25B3scar_romero%2Fen-1146203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/31552/archbishop-romero-had-no-interest-in-liberation-theology-says-secretary">"Archbishop Romero had no interest in liberation theology, says secretary"</a>. Catholic News Agency.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Romero+had+no+interest+in+liberation+theology%2C+says+secretary&rft.pub=Catholic+News+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F31552%2Farchbishop-romero-had-no-interest-in-liberation-theology-says-secretary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opusdei.us/en-us/article/oscar-romero-and-st-josemaria/">"Oscar Romero and St. Josemaria"</a>. Opus Dei.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oscar+Romero+and+St.+Josemaria&rft.pub=Opus+Dei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opusdei.us%2Fen-us%2Farticle%2Foscar-romero-and-st-josemaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2013/03/oscar-romeros-exaggerating-critics">"Oscar Romero's Exaggerating Critics | Filip Mazurczak"</a>. First Things. 7 March 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=First+Things&rft.atitle=Oscar+Romero%27s+Exaggerating+Critics+%7C+Filip+Mazurczak&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstthings.com%2Fweb-exclusives%2F2013%2F03%2Foscar-romeros-exaggerating-critics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181015213657/http://www.catholicnews.com/services/englishnews/2018/salvadoran-archbishop-asks-pope-to-make-romero-doctor-of-the-church.cfm">"Salvadoran archbishop asks pope to make Romero 'doctor of the church'"</a>. 20 March 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnews.com/services/englishnews/2018/salvadoran-archbishop-asks-pope-to-make-romero-doctor-of-the-church.cfm">the original</a> on 15 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salvadoran+archbishop+asks+pope+to+make+Romero+%27doctor+of+the+church%27&rft.date=2019-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnews.com%2Fservices%2Fenglishnews%2F2018%2Fsalvadoran-archbishop-asks-pope-to-make-romero-doctor-of-the-church.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdward_S._MihalkaninRobert_F._Gorman2009" class="citation book cs1">Edward S. Mihalkanin; Robert F. Gorman (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2GOGV41Rc6wC&pg=PA220">The A to Z of Human Rights and Humanitarian Organizations</a>. <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarecrow Press">Scarecrow Press</a>. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0810868748" title="Special:BookSources/978-0810868748"><bdi>978-0810868748</bdi></a> – via books.google.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+A+to+Z+of+Human+Rights+and+Humanitarian+Organizations&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0810868748&rft.au=Edward+S.+Mihalkanin&rft.au=Robert+F.+Gorman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2GOGV41Rc6wC%26pg%3DPA220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMario_Bencastro1996" class="citation book cs1">Mario Bencastro (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P2XVHycXikcC&pg=PA181">A Shot in the Cathedral</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arte_P%C3%BAblico_Press" title="Arte Público Press">Arte Público Press</a>. p. 182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1558851641" title="Special:BookSources/978-1558851641"><bdi>978-1558851641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Shot+in+the+Cathedral&rft.pages=182&rft.pub=Arte+P%C3%BAblico+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1558851641&rft.au=Mario+Bencastro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP2XVHycXikcC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brockman1989-13"><a href="#cite_ref-Brockman1989_13-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_R._Brockman1989" class="citation book cs1">James R. Brockman (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romerolife0000broc">Romero: A Life</a>. Orbis Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780883446522" title="Special:BookSources/9780883446522"><bdi>9780883446522</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romero%3A+A+Life&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=9780883446522&rft.au=James+R.+Brockman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fromerolife0000broc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brockman1982-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Brockman1982_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_R._Brockman1982" class="citation book cs1">James R. Brockman (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KWhaAAAAMAAJ">The Word Remains: A Life of Oscar Romero</a>. Orbis Books. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88344-364-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88344-364-4"><bdi>978-0-88344-364-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Word+Remains%3A+A+Life+of+Oscar+Romero&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-88344-364-4&rft.au=James+R.+Brockman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKWhaAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brockman2005-15"><a href="#cite_ref-Brockman2005_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_R._Brockman2005" class="citation book cs1">James R. Brockman (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dYLZAAAAMAAJ&q=Romero+Anita+Iglesias">Romero: A Life</a>. Orbis Books. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57075-599-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57075-599-6"><bdi>978-1-57075-599-6</bdi></a>. <q>The office was in the Romero home on the plaza, and the Romero children delivered letters and telegrams in the town. ... After that his parents sent him to study under a teacher named Anita Iglesias until he was twelve or thirteen.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romero%3A+A+Life&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-57075-599-6&rft.au=James+R.+Brockman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdYLZAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DRomero%2BAnita%2BIglesias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Royal2000-16"><a href="#cite_ref-Royal2000_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Royal2000" class="citation book cs1">Robert Royal (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7cxsAAAAIAAJ&q=father+Santos,+had+been+training+Romero+in+carpentry.">The Catholic martyrs of the twentieth century: a comprehensive world history</a>. Crossroad Pub. p. 279. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8245-1846-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8245-1846-2"><bdi>978-0-8245-1846-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+martyrs+of+the+twentieth+century%3A+a+comprehensive+world+history&rft.pages=279&rft.pub=Crossroad+Pub.&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8245-1846-2&rft.au=Robert+Royal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7cxsAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dfather%2BSantos%2C%2Bhad%2Bbeen%2Btraining%2BRomero%2Bin%2Bcarpentry.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Wright, Scott (26 February 2015). "Family". Oscar Romero and the Communion of Saints: A Biography. Orbis Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60833-247-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60833-247-2">978-1-60833-247-2</a>. "Most children never had the opportunity or the means to even consider [a vocation such as a priesthood]. At least that was his father's belief, and for that reason, he sent his son to learn a trade." Retrieved 27 December 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-liberators-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-liberators_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-liberators_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams,_Jerome_R.2010" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Jerome R. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/liberatorspatrio00adam_0">Liberators, Patriots and Leaders of Latin America: 32 Biographies</a>. McFarland & Company, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786455522" title="Special:BookSources/9780786455522"><bdi>9780786455522</bdi></a>. Retrieved 27 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liberators%2C+Patriots+and+Leaders+of+Latin+America%3A+32+Biographies&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780786455522&rft.au=Adams%2C+Jerome+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fliberatorspatrio00adam_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wright-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wright_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_19-1">b</a> Wright, Scott (26 February 2015). "Family". Oscar Romero and the Communion of Saints: A Biography. Orbis Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60833-247-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60833-247-2">978-1-60833-247-2</a>. Retrieved 27 December 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-un-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-un_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-un_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-un_20-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/events/righttotruthday/romero.shtml">"Biography of Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero – International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, 24 March"</a>. United Nations.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Archbishop+Oscar+Arnulfo+Romero+%E2%80%93+International+Day+for+the+Right+to+the+Truth+Concerning+Gross+Human+Rights+Violations+and+for+the+Dignity+of+Victims%2C+24+March&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fevents%2Frighttotruthday%2Fromero.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kell-bio-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kell-bio_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kell-bio_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kell-bio_21-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216120437/http://kellogg.nd.edu/romero/pdfs/Biography.pdf">"Romero biography"</a> (PDF). Kellogg Institute, Notre Dame University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kellogg.nd.edu/romero/pdfs/Biography.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 16 February 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kellogg+Institute%2C+Notre+Dame+University&rft.atitle=Romero+biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkellogg.nd.edu%2Fromero%2Fpdfs%2FBiography.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Italy had signed <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">an armistice with the Allies</a> two weeks earlier, but the ship on which they sailed had recently been suspected of espionage. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMort2009" class="citation book cs1">Mort, Terry (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mg4eXqsXLhoC&q=Marqu%C3%A9s+de+Comillas">The Hemingway Patrols: Ernest Hemingway and His Hunt for U-Boats</a>. Scribner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781416597902" title="Special:BookSources/9781416597902"><bdi>9781416597902</bdi></a>. Retrieved 27 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hemingway+Patrols%3A+Ernest+Hemingway+and+His+Hunt+for+U-Boats&rft.pub=Scribner&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781416597902&rft.aulast=Mort&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmg4eXqsXLhoC%26q%3DMarqu%25C3%25A9s%2Bde%2BComillas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://polycarpi.blogspot.com/2015/12/oscar-romeros-odyssey-in-cuba.html">"Oscar Romero's Odyssey in Cuba"</a>. Supermartyrio: The Martyrdom Files. 21 December 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Supermartyrio%3A+The+Martyrdom+Files&rft.atitle=Oscar+Romero%27s+Odyssey+in+Cuba&rft.date=2015-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolycarpi.blogspot.com%2F2015%2F12%2Foscar-romeros-odyssey-in-cuba.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarke2014" class="citation book cs1">Clarke, Kevin (2014). Oscar Romero: Love Must Win Out. Liturgical Press. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-3757-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-3757-9"><bdi>978-0-8146-3757-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oscar+Romero%3A+Love+Must+Win+Out&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Liturgical+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-8146-3757-9&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaller2011" class="citation book cs1">Schaller, George (2011). Congregants Of Silence. Lulu. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-105-19762-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-105-19762-8"><bdi>978-1-105-19762-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Congregants+Of+Silence&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Lulu&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-105-19762-8&rft.aulast=Schaller&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913131031/http://followingjesus.org/oscar-romero/">"Óscar Romero"</a>. following Jesus. 14 March 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://followingjesus.org/oscar-romero/">the original</a> on 13 September 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=following+Jesus&rft.atitle=%C3%93scar+Romero&rft.date=2016-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffollowingjesus.org%2Foscar-romero%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/a-day-to-remember-archbishop-%C3%B3scar-romero-1.3186365">"A day to remember Archbishop Óscar Romero"</a>. The Irish Times. Retrieved 1 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=A+day+to+remember+Archbishop+%C3%93scar+Romero&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fopinion%2Fa-day-to-remember-archbishop-%25C3%25B3scar-romero-1.3186365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGarry" class="citation news cs1">McGarry, Patsy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/religion-and-beliefs/oscar-romero-one-time-conservative-who-became-a-nation-s-social-martyr-1.3657423">"Oscar Romero: one-time conservative who became a nation's social martyr"</a>. The Irish Times. Retrieved 1 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Oscar+Romero%3A+one-time+conservative+who+became+a+nation%27s+social+martyr&rft.aulast=McGarry&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fsocial-affairs%2Freligion-and-beliefs%2Foscar-romero-one-time-conservative-who-became-a-nation-s-social-martyr-1.3657423&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_A._Hayes_(Chaplain)Tombs,_David2001" class="citation book cs1">Michael A. Hayes (Chaplain); Tombs, David (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJc83fZHD8EC&pg=PA48">Truth and memory: the Church and human rights in El Salvador and Guatemala</a>. Gracewing Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85244-524-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85244-524-2"><bdi>978-0-85244-524-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truth+and+memory%3A+the+Church+and+human+rights+in+El+Salvador+and+Guatemala&rft.pub=Gracewing+Publishing&rft.date=2001-04&rft.isbn=978-0-85244-524-2&rft.au=Michael+A.+Hayes+%28Chaplain%29&rft.au=Tombs%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJc83fZHD8EC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-infed.org-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-infed.org_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-infed.org_30-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infed.org/thinkers/oscar_romero.htm">"infed.org – Oscar Romero of El Salvador: informal adult education in a context of violence"</a>. infed.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=infed.org&rft.atitle=infed.org+%E2%80%93+Oscar+Romero+of+El+Salvador%3A+informal+adult+education+in+a+context+of+violence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infed.org%2Fthinkers%2Foscar_romero.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eaton-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Eaton_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton1991" class="citation thesis cs1">Eaton, Helen-May (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/116/">The impact of the Archbishop Oscar Romero's alliance with the struggle for liberation of the Salvadoran people: A discussion of church-state relations (El Salvador)</a> (M.A. thesis). <a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University" title="Wilfrid Laurier University">Wilfrid Laurier University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+impact+of+the+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero%27s+alliance+with+the+struggle+for+liberation+of+the+Salvadoran+people%3A+A+discussion+of+church-state+relations+%28El+Salvador%29&rft.degree=M.A.&rft.inst=Wilfrid+Laurier+University&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Helen-May&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholars.wlu.ca%2Fetd%2F116%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_A._Hayes_(Chaplain)Tombs,_David2001" class="citation book cs1">Michael A. Hayes (Chaplain); Tombs, David (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJc83fZHD8EC&pg=PA48">Truth and memory: the Church and human rights in El Salvador and Guatemala</a>. Gracewing Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85244-524-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85244-524-2"><bdi>978-0-85244-524-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truth+and+memory%3A+the+Church+and+human+rights+in+El+Salvador+and+Guatemala&rft.pub=Gracewing+Publishing&rft.date=2001-04&rft.isbn=978-0-85244-524-2&rft.au=Michael+A.+Hayes+%28Chaplain%29&rft.au=Tombs%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJc83fZHD8EC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191112230835/https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB339/doc04.pdf">"Text of Archbishop's Letter to President Carter"</a> (PDF). National Security Archive. 19 February 1980. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB339/doc04.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Security+Archive&rft.atitle=Text+of+Archbishop%27s+Letter+to+President+Carter&rft.date=1980-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB339%2Fdoc04.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVance1980" class="citation web cs1">Vance, Cyrus (1 March 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200323133021/https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB339/doc05.pdf">"Reply to Archbishop's Letter to President Carter"</a> (PDF). The National Security Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB339/doc05.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+Security+Archive&rft.atitle=Reply+to+Archbishop%27s+Letter+to+President+Carter&rft.date=1980-03-01&rft.aulast=Vance&rft.aufirst=Cyrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB339%2Fdoc05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-beatification-of-oscar-romero">"The Beatification of Óscar Romero"</a>. The New Yorker. 19 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Beatification+of+%C3%93scar+Romero&rft.date=2015-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fnews%2Fnews-desk%2Fthe-beatification-of-oscar-romero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/11/the-martyr-and-the-pope/570835/">"What Óscar Romero's Canonization Says About Pope Francis"</a>. The Atlantic. November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=What+%C3%93scar+Romero%27s+Canonization+Says+About+Pope+Francis&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2018%2F11%2Fthe-martyr-and-the-pope%2F570835%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Louvaine-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Louvaine_37-0">^</a> Oscar Romero, Voice of the Voiceless: The Four Pastoral Letters and Other Statements (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1985), pp. 177–187. </li> <li id="cite_note-Peadar_Kirby_1980-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peadar_Kirby_1980_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peadar_Kirby_1980_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peadar_Kirby_1980_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peadar_Kirby_1980_38-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peadar_Kirby_1980_38-4">e</a> Peadar Kirby, 'A Thoroughgoing Reformer', 26 March 1980, The Irish Times </li> <li id="cite_note-diary-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-diary_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-diary_39-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308030706/http://www.romerotrust.org.uk/index.php?nuc=content&id=60">"A Shepherd's Diary, Foreword"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romerotrust.org.uk/index.php?nuc=content&id=60">the original</a> on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Shepherd%27s+Diary%2C+Foreword.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.romerotrust.org.uk%2Findex.php%3Fnuc%3Dcontent%26id%3D60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/archbishop-oscar-romero-pastor-and-martyr">"Archbishop Oscar Romero: Pastor and Martyr – ZENIT – English"</a>. 4 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Oscar+Romero%3A+Pastor+and+Martyr+%E2%80%93+ZENIT+%E2%80%93+English&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zenit.org%2Fen%2Farticles%2Farchbishop-oscar-romero-pastor-and-martyr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> .Jesús DELGADO, "La cultura de monseñor Romero," [Archbishop Romero's Culture] in Óscar Romero un Obispo entre la guerra fría y la revolución, Editorial San Pablo, Madrid, 2003. </li> <li id="cite_note-A._Romero_p._1-42"><a href="#cite_ref-A._Romero_p._1_42-0">^</a> O. A. Romero, La Más Profunda Revolución Social [The Most Profound Social Revolution], DIARIO DE ORIENTE, No. 30867 – p. 1, 28 August 1973. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> 6 August 1976 Sermon </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150523131802/http://site.adital.com.br/site/noticia.php?lang=PT&cod=55011">"Adital – Comblin: Bastão de Deus que fustiga os acomodados"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://site.adital.com.br/site/noticia.php?lang=PT&cod=55011">the original</a> on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adital+%E2%80%93+Comblin%3A+Bast%C3%A3o+de+Deus+que+fustiga+os+acomodados&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsite.adital.com.br%2Fsite%2Fnoticia.php%3Flang%3DPT%26cod%3D55011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romerotrust.org.uk/homilies/188/188_pdf.pdf">"Three Christian Forces for Liberation, 11 November 1979 Sermon"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 17 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spirituality+Today&rft.atitle=The+Spiritual+Journey+of+Oscar+Romero&rft.au=James+Brockman%2C+S.J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiritualitytoday.org%2Fspir2day%2F904242brock.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cruxnow.com-47"><a href="#cite_ref-cruxnow.com_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204132413/http://www.cruxnow.com/church/2015/02/03/pope-declares-oscar-romero-hero-to-liberation-theology-a-martyr/">"Pope declares Oscar Romero, hero to liberation theology, a martyr"</a>. 3 February 2015. 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Retrieved 15 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Opus+Dei+%E2%80%93+Oscar+Romero&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opusdei.us%2Fen-us%2Farticle%2Foscar-romero-and-st-josemaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gloria.tv/media/a8cg2iuDpt4">"Archbishop Oscar Romero: Letter to the Pope on Escriva's death"</a>. 5 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Oscar+Romero%3A+Letter+to+the+Pope+on+Escriva%27s+death&rft.date=2015-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgloria.tv%2Fmedia%2Fa8cg2iuDpt4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdiciones_El_País2009" class="citation news cs1">Ediciones El País (7 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/Salvador/hace/responsable/crimen/arzobispo/Romero/elpepuint/20091107elpepuint_8/Tes">"El Salvador hace justicia a monseñor Óscar Romero"</a>. EL PAÍS.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EL+PA%C3%8DS&rft.atitle=El+Salvador+hace+justicia+a+monse%C3%B1or+%C3%93scar+Romero&rft.date=2009-11-07&rft.au=Ediciones+El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elpais.com%2Farticulo%2Finternacional%2FSalvador%2Fhace%2Fresponsable%2Fcrimen%2Farzobispo%2FRomero%2Felpepuint%2F20091107elpepuint_8%2FTes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_51-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulian_Miglierini2010" class="citation news cs1">Julian Miglierini (24 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8580840.stm">"El Salvador marks Archbishop Oscar Romero's murder"</a>. BBC News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=El+Salvador+marks+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero%27s+murder&rft.date=2010-03-24&rft.au=Julian+Miglierini&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8580840.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-romereports.com-52"><a href="#cite_ref-romereports.com_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romereports.com/2015/02/03/the-final-hours-of-monsignor-romero">"The final hours of Monsignor Romero"</a>. 3 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+final+hours+of+Monsignor+Romero&rft.date=2015-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.romereports.com%2F2015%2F02%2F03%2Fthe-final-hours-of-monsignor-romero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gómez2003-53"><a href="#cite_ref-Gómez2003_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayra_Gómez2003" class="citation book cs1">Mayra Gómez (2 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dC6CrsZs97UC&pg=PA110">Human Rights in Cuba, El Salvador, and Nicaragua: A Sociological Perspective on Human Rights Abuse</a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-94649-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-94649-0"><bdi>978-0-415-94649-0</bdi></a>. <q>The following day, Archbishop Oscar Romero was shot dead in front of a full congregation as he was delivering mass (AI ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Rights+in+Cuba%2C+El+Salvador%2C+and+Nicaragua%3A+A+Sociological+Perspective+on+Human+Rights+Abuse&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2003-10-02&rft.isbn=978-0-415-94649-0&rft.au=Mayra+G%C3%B3mez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdC6CrsZs97UC%26pg%3DPA110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Settimba2009-54"><a href="#cite_ref-Settimba2009_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Settimba2009" class="citation book cs1">Henry Settimba (1 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W1sWc4hERKsC&pg=PA223">Testing Times: Globalisation and Investing Theology in East Africa</a>. AuthorHouse. p. 223. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4678-9899-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4678-9899-7"><bdi>978-1-4678-9899-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Testing+Times%3A+Globalisation+and+Investing+Theology+in+East+Africa&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.isbn=978-1-4678-9899-7&rft.au=Henry+Settimba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW1sWc4hERKsC%26pg%3DPA223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimesmurder-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimesmurder_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimesmurder_55-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1980/03/25/archives/salvador-archbishop-assassinated-by-sniper-while-officiating-at.html">"Salvador Archbishop Assassinated By Sniper While Officiating at Mass"</a>. The New York Times. 25 March 1980. pp. 1, 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Salvador+Archbishop+Assassinated+By+Sniper+While+Officiating+at+Mass&rft.pages=1%2C+8&rft.date=1980-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1980%2F03%2F25%2Farchives%2Fsalvador-archbishop-assassinated-by-sniper-while-officiating-at.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wapomurder-56"><a href="#cite_ref-wapomurder_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Salvadoran Archbishop Assassinated". 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Retrieved 12 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Magazine&rft.atitle=El+Salvador%3A+Something+Vile+in+This+Land&rft.date=1980-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C923959%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morozzo-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morozzo_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morozzo_59-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morozzo_59-2">c</a> Morozzo p. 351–352, 354, 364 </li> <li id="cite_note-kell-chron-60"><a href="#cite_ref-kell-chron_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216120438/http://kellogg.nd.edu/romero/PDF%27s/Chronology.pdf">"Chronology"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 17 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chronology+of+the+Salvadoran+Civil+War%2C+Kellogg+Institute%2C+University+of+Notre+Dame&rft.atitle=Chronology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkellogg.nd.edu%2Fromero%2FPDF%2527s%2FChronology.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-requiem-61"><a href="#cite_ref-requiem_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2005" class="citation news cs1">Walsh, Maurice (23 March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/file_on_4/4376733.stm">"Requiem for Romero"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 17 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Requiem+for+Romero&rft.date=2005-03-23&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Ffile_on_4%2F4376733.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40killed-62"><a href="#cite_ref-40killed_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Dickey" class="citation news cs1">Christopher Dickey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081023173314/http://www.creighton.edu/CollaborativeMinistry/romero-wp-3-31-80.html">"40 Killed in San Salvador: 40 Killed at Rites For Slain Prelate; Bombs, Bullets Disrupt Archbishop's Funeral"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> Foreign Service. pp. A1. 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Los Angeles Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=3%2C000+in+L.A.+Protest+El+Salvador+Election%3A+Coalition+of+Political+and+Religious+Groups+March+Downtown.&rft.date=1984-03-25&rft.aulast=Reza&rft.aufirst=H.G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeamish1990" class="citation news cs1">Beamish, Rita (24 March 1990). "10,000 Protest U.S. Policy in Central America". Associated Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=10%2C000+Protest+U.S.+Policy+in+Central+America&rft.date=1990-03-24&rft.aulast=Beamish&rft.aufirst=Rita&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnutson1980" class="citation news cs1">Knutson, Lawrence (25 March 1980). "U.S. Still Plans Military Aid to El Salvador". Associated Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+Still+Plans+Military+Aid+to+El+Salvador&rft.date=1980-03-25&rft.aulast=Knutson&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnutson1983" class="citation news cs1">Knutson, Lawrence (6 April 1983). "Salvadoran Rightist Leader Issued Visa". Associated Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Salvadoran+Rightist+Leader+Issued+Visa&rft.date=1983-04-06&rft.aulast=Knutson&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrauss1993" class="citation news cs1">Krauss, Clifford (9 November 1993). "U.S., Aware of Killings, Worked With Salvador's Rightists, Papers Suggest". The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.%2C+Aware+of+Killings%2C+Worked+With+Salvador%27s+Rightists%2C+Papers+Suggest&rft.date=1993-11-09&rft.aulast=Krauss&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-elfaro-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elfaro_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-elfaro_73-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-elfaro_73-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-elfaro_73-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-elfaro_73-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2010" class="citation news cs1">O'Connor, Anne-Marie (6 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/05/AR2010040503234.html?wpisrc=nl_cuzhead">"Participant in 1980 assassination of Romero in El Salvador provides new details"</a>. Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Participant+in+1980+assassination+of+Romero+in+El+Salvador+provides+new+details&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Anne-Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2010%2F04%2F05%2FAR2010040503234.html%3Fwpisrc%3Dnl_cuzhead&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> New York Times, "5,000 in San Salvador Take Part in a March for Murdered Prelate", 27 March 1980. </li> <li id="cite_note-scarend-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scarend_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-scarend_75-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/mar/23/features11.g21">"The killing of Archbishop Oscar Romero was one of the most notorious crimes of the cold war. Was the CIA to blame?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London. 22 March 2000. Retrieved 13 August 2015. <q>in mid-1983, an unusually detailed CIA report, quoting a senior Salvadoran police source, named Linares as a member of a four-man National Police squad which murdered Romero. Other Salvadoran officers said the same thing. And the man who drove the car which took the killer to the church also picked out a photo-fit of Linares."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+killing+of+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero+was+one+of+the+most+notorious+crimes+of+the+cold+war.+Was+the+CIA+to+blame%3F&rft.date=2000-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftheguardian%2F2000%2Fmar%2F23%2Ffeatures11.g21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNordland1984" class="citation news cs1">Nordland, Rod (23 March 1984). "How 2 rose to vie for El Salvador's presidency". Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia, PA. p. A1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=How+2+rose+to+vie+for+El+Salvador%27s+presidency&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=1984-03-23&rft.aulast=Nordland&rft.aufirst=Rod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebb1999" class="citation book cs1">Webb, Gary (1999). <a href="/wiki/Dark_Alliance_(book)" title="Dark Alliance (book)">Dark Alliance</a>. <a href="/wiki/Seven_Stories_Press" title="Seven Stories Press">Seven Stories Press</a>. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-888363-93-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-888363-93-7"><bdi>978-1-888363-93-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dark+Alliance&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Seven+Stories+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-888363-93-7&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Doe v. Rafael Saravia, 348 F. Supp. 2d 1112 (E.D. Cal. 2004). The documentation from the case provides an account of the events leading up, and subsequent, to Romero's death. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cja.org/what-we-do/litigation/doe-v-saravia/">"Doe v. Saravia (Assassination of Archbishop Oscar Romero) – CJA"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doe+v.+Saravia+%28Assassination+of+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero%29+%E2%80%93+CJA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcja.org%2Fwhat-we-do%2Flitigation%2Fdoe-v-saravia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8586560.stm">"Official El Salvador apology for Oscar Romero's murder"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 25 March 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2010. <q>The archbishop, he said, was a victim of right-wing death squads "who unfortunately acted with the protection, collaboration or participation of state agents."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Official+El+Salvador+apology+for+Oscar+Romero%27s+murder&rft.date=2010-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F8586560.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/mar/23/features11.g21">"The killing of Archbishop Oscar Romero was one of the most notorious crimes of the cold war. Was the CIA to blame?"</a>. The Guardian. 23 March 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+killing+of+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero+was+one+of+the+most+notorious+crimes+of+the+cold+war.+Was+the+CIA+to+blame%3F&rft.date=2000-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftheguardian%2F2000%2Fmar%2F23%2Ffeatures11.g21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibb2000" class="citation web cs1">Gibb, Tom (22 March 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/mar/23/features11.g21">"The killing of Archbishop Oscar Romero was one of the most notorious crimes of the cold war. Was the CIA to blame?"</a>. The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+killing+of+Archbishop+Oscar+Romero+was+one+of+the+most+notorious+crimes+of+the+cold+war.+Was+the+CIA+to+blame%3F&rft.date=2000-03-22&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftheguardian%2F2000%2Fmar%2F23%2Ffeatures11.g21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> Anne-Marie O'Connor. "Participant in 1980 assassination of Romero in El Salvador provides new details," Washington Post, 6 April 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/39720/arrest-warrant-issued-for-alleged-killer-of-saint-oscar-romero">"Arrest warrant issued for alleged killer of Saint Oscar Romero"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arrest+warrant+issued+for+alleged+killer+of+Saint+Oscar+Romero&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F39720%2Farrest-warrant-issued-for-alleged-killer-of-saint-oscar-romero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thetabletwarrant-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thetabletwarrant_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thetabletwarrant_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuidos2018" class="citation web cs1">Guidos, Rhina (25 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181026005239/https://thetablet.org/judge-orders-arrest-of-longtime-suspect-in-st-romeros-killing/">"Judge Orders Arrest of Longtime Suspect in St. Romero's 1980 Killing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Tablet" title="The Tablet">The Tablet</a>. Tablet Publishing Company. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thetablet.org/judge-orders-arrest-of-longtime-suspect-in-st-romeros-killing/">the original</a> on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tablet&rft.atitle=Judge+Orders+Arrest+of+Longtime+Suspect+in+St.+Romero%27s+1980+Killing&rft.date=2018-10-25&rft.aulast=Guidos&rft.aufirst=Rhina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthetablet.org%2Fjudge-orders-arrest-of-longtime-suspect-in-st-romeros-killing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_D._Newpower,_M.M.Stephen_T._DeMott,_M.M.1983" class="citation web cs1">Paul D. Newpower, M.M. & Stephen T. DeMott, M.M. (June 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130202131427/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/JohnPaulII/3-CentralAmerica-1983.asp">"Pope John Paul II in Central America: What Did His Trip Accomplish?"</a>. St. Anthony Messenger. United States. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/JohnPaulII/3-CentralAmerica-1983.asp">the original</a> on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013. <q>The pontiff went on to proclaim Archbishop Romero as "a zealous and venerated pastor who tried to stop violence. I ask that his memory be always respected, and let no ideological interest try to distort his sacrifice as a pastor given over to his flock." The right-wing groups did not want to hear that. They portray Romero as one who stirred the poor to violence. The other papal gesture that drew diverse reactions in El Salvador and rankled the Reagan administration was the pope's use of the word dialogue in talking about steps toward ending the civil war. A month before John Paul II journeyed to Central America, U.S. government representatives visited the Vatican and El Salvador to persuade church officials to have the pope mention elections rather than dialogue.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St.+Anthony+Messenger&rft.atitle=Pope+John+Paul+II+in+Central+America%3A+What+Did+His+Trip+Accomplish%3F&rft.date=1983-06&rft.au=Paul+D.+Newpower%2C+M.M.&rft.au=Stephen+T.+DeMott%2C+M.M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americancatholic.org%2FFeatures%2FJohnPaulII%2F3-CentralAmerica-1983.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> Dziwisz, Stanislaw Life with Karol: My Forty-Year Friendship with the Man Who Became Pope , p. 217–218, Doubleday Religion, 2008 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0385523742" title="Special:BookSources/0385523742">0385523742</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/events/righttotruthday/">"International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, 24 March"</a>. www.un.org. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. Retrieved 22 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=International+Day+for+the+Right+to+the+Truth+Concerning+Gross+Human+Rights+Violations+and+for+the+Dignity+of+Victims%2C+24+March&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fevents%2Frighttotruthday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/events/righttotruthday/">"International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, 24 March"</a>. www.un.org. Retrieved 15 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=International+Day+for+the+Right+to+the+Truth+Concerning+Gross+Human+Rights+Violations+and+for+the+Dignity+of+Victims%2C+24+March&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fevents%2Frighttotruthday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/mundo/noticias/2011/03/110322_obama_el_salvador_final_jrg.shtml">"Obama en El Salvador: una visita cargada de simbolismo"</a>. BBC MUNDO. 22 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011. <q>El Salvador fue la etapa más llena de simbolismo de la gira por América Latina del presidente de Estados Unidos, Barack Obama.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obama+en+El+Salvador%3A+una+visita+cargada+de+simbolismo&rft.pub=BBC+MUNDO&rft.date=2011-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fmundo%2Fnoticias%2F2011%2F03%2F110322_obama_el_salvador_final_jrg.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131217060145/http://www.president.ie/engagements/week-beginning-monday-21-october-2013/">"Coinní Poiblí ag an Uachtarán Mícheál D. Ó hUigínn don tseachtain dar tús 21 Deireadh Fómhair, 2013"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Death+Comes+for+the+Archbishop&rft.volume=LVII&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=41-42&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.aulast=Guillermoprieto&rft.aufirst=Alma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2Farchives%2F2010%2Fmay%2F27%2Fdeath-comes-archbishop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-abbey-145"><a href="#cite_ref-abbey_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/people/oscar-romero">"Westminster Abbey: Oscar Romero"</a>. 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Retrieved 11 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smith+Sculptors&rft.atitle=Religious+Sculptures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsculptors.com%2FReligious_Sculptures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/internacional/imagen-de-san-oscar-arnulfo-romero-presente-en-la-coronacion-del-rey-carlos-iii-nota/">"Este es el único santo latino presente en la coronación del Rey Carlos III: El sacerdote inspiró a Rubén Blades y su imagen está en la Abadía de Westminster"</a>. 4 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Este+es+el+%C3%BAnico+santo+latino+presente+en+la+coronaci%C3%B3n+del+Rey+Carlos+III%3A+El+sacerdote+inspir%C3%B3+a+Rub%C3%A9n+Blades+y+su+imagen+est%C3%A1+en+la+Abad%C3%ADa+de+Westminster&rft.date=2023-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniverso.com%2Fnoticias%2Finternacional%2Fimagen-de-san-oscar-arnulfo-romero-presente-en-la-coronacion-del-rey-carlos-iii-nota%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermanChomsky2002" class="citation book cs1">Herman, Edward S.; Chomsky, Noam (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manufacturingcon00herm_197">Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media</a> (2nd ed.). Pantheon Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manufacturingcon00herm_197/page/n96">37</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0375714499" title="Special:BookSources/0375714499"><bdi>0375714499</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manufacturing+Consent%3A+The+Political+Economy+of+the+Mass+Media&rft.pages=37&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Pantheon+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0375714499&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=Edward+S.&rft.au=Chomsky%2C+Noam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanufacturingcon00herm_197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goodwin-149"><a href="#cite_ref-Goodwin_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeff_Goodwin1994" class="citation journal cs1">Jeff Goodwin (March 1994). "Review: What's Right (and Wrong) about Left Media Criticism? Herman and Chomsky's Propaganda Model". Sociological Forum. 9 (1): 101–111. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01507710">10.1007/BF01507710</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/684944">684944</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143939984">143939984</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sociological+Forum&rft.atitle=Review%3A+What%27s+Right+%28and+Wrong%29+about+Left+Media+Criticism%3F+Herman+and+Chomsky%27s+Propaganda+Model&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=101-111&rft.date=1994-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143939984%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F684944%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01507710&rft.au=Jeff+Goodwin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%93scar+Romero" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Romero&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Óscar Romero at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Óscar Arnulfo Romero">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" class="extiw" title="q:Óscar Romero">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romerotrust.org.uk/">The Archbishop Romero Trust</a>, based in London <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romerotrust.org.uk/documents/books/Ashepherdsdiary.pdf">Archbishop Oscar Romero: A Shepherd's Diary</a>. Archbishop Romero's diary in English. It covers the time between 31 March 1978 and 20 March 1980.</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/CollaborativeMinistry/romero.html">Remembering Archbishop Oscar Romero</a> (several contemporary and memorial articles) from the Collaborative Ministry Office at <a href="/wiki/Creighton_University" title="Creighton University">Creighton University</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB339/index.htm">Learn from History: 31st Anniversary of the Assassination of Archbishop Oscar Romero</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Archive" title="National Security Archive">National Security Archive</a>, Electronic Briefing Book No. 339</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cja.org/what-we-do/litigation/doe-v-saravia/">Assassination of Archbishop Oscar Romerto: Doe v. Saravia</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Justice_and_Accountability" title="Center for Justice and Accountability">Center for Justice and Accountability</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elfaro.net/es/201003/noticias/1416/">How we killed Archbishop Romero</a> (2010), interviews with Captain Álvaro Rafael Saravia and others from <a href="/wiki/El_Faro_(digital_newspaper)" title="El Faro (digital newspaper)">El Faro</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/st-oscar-romero">St Oscar Romero statue</a> at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienO/Oscar_Romero.html">Óscar Romero</a>" in the <a href="/wiki/%C3%96kumenisches_Heiligenlexikon" title="Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon">Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Raval_Cruces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Raval Cruces (page does not exist)">Francisco R. Cruces</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">— TITULAR — Bishop of Tambeae 5 April 1970 – 15 October 1974 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ang%C3%A9lico_S%C3%A2ndalo_Bernardino" title="Angélico Sândalo Bernardino">A. S. Bernardino</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Jos%C3%A9_Castro_y_Ram%C3%ADrez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco José Castro y Ramírez (page does not exist)">Francisco Ramírez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Santiago_de_Mar%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Santiago de María">Bishop of Santiago de María</a> 15 October 1974 – 3 February 1977 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Rivera_Damas" class="mw-redirect" title="Arturo Rivera Damas">Arturo Rivera</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Ch%C3%A1vez_y_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Luis Chávez y González">Luis Chávez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_San_Salvador" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of San Salvador">Archbishop of San Salvador</a> 3 February 1977 – 24 March 1980 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q293455#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q293455#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118602438">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79136465">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118874155">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118874155">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01020715">Japan</a></li><li>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/VIAV089786">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36571855">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1299093">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118602438.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118602438">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026669498">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10581363">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6mp9534">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Óscar_Romero&oldid=1258734942">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Óscar_Romero&oldid=1258734942</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%C3%93scar_Arnulfo_Romero" title="Category:Óscar Arnulfo Romero">Óscar Arnulfo Romero</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1917_births" title="Category:1917 births">1917 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980_crimes_in_El_Salvador" 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