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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Advisory_Referendum_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advisory_Referendum_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Advisory Referendum Act</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advisory_Referendum_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Association_Agreement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_Agreement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Association Agreement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_Agreement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Request" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Request"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Request</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Request-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Initial_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Initial reactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Opinion polling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reactions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reactions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dutch_Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dutch_Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Dutch Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dutch_Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Academia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukrainian_authorities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukrainian_authorities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Ukrainian authorities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukrainian_authorities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dutch_press" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dutch_press"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Dutch press</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dutch_press-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nederlandenes_folkeafstemning_om_EU%27s_samarbejdsaftale_med_Ukraine" title="Nederlandenes folkeafstemning om EU's samarbejdsaftale med Ukraine – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nederlandenes folkeafstemning om EU's samarbejdsaftale med Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referendum_in_den_Niederlanden_%C3%BCber_das_Assoziierungsabkommen_zwischen_der_Europ%C3%A4ischen_Union_und_der_Ukraine" title="Referendum in den Niederlanden über das Assoziierungsabkommen zwischen der Europäischen Union und der Ukraine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Referendum in den Niederlanden über das Assoziierungsabkommen zwischen der Europäischen Union und der Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refer%C3%A9ndum_en_los_Pa%C3%ADses_Bajos_sobre_el_Acuerdo_de_Asociaci%C3%B3n_entre_Ucrania_y_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Europea" title="Referéndum en los Países Bajos sobre el Acuerdo de Asociación entre Ucrania y la Unión Europea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Referéndum en los Países Bajos sobre el Acuerdo de Asociación entre Ucrania y la Unión Europea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rendum_n%C3%A9erlandais_sur_l%27accord_d%27association_entre_l%27Ukraine_et_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Référendum néerlandais sur l'accord d'association entre l'Ukraine et l'Union européenne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Référendum néerlandais sur l'accord d'association entre l'Ukraine et l'Union européenne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%8D%9C%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C_%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98-%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD_%EC%97%B0%ED%95%A9_%ED%98%91%EB%A0%A5_%ED%98%91%EC%A0%95_%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%ED%88%AC%ED%91%9C" title="네덜란드 우크라이나-유럽 연합 협력 협정 국민투표 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="네덜란드 우크라이나-유럽 연합 협력 협정 국민투표" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referendum_Perjanjian_Asosiasi_Ukraina-Uni_Eropa_di_Belanda_2016" title="Referendum Perjanjian Asosiasi Ukraina-Uni Eropa di Belanda 2016 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Referendum Perjanjian Asosiasi Ukraina-Uni Eropa di Belanda 2016" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nederlands_referendum_over_de_Associatieovereenkomst_tussen_de_Europese_Unie_en_Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Nederlands referendum over de Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en Oekraïne – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nederlands referendum over de Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkeavstemningen_i_Nederland_om_assosieringsavtalen_mellom_EU_og_Ukraina_i_2016" title="Folkeavstemningen i Nederland om assosieringsavtalen mellom EU og Ukraina i 2016 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Folkeavstemningen i Nederland om assosieringsavtalen mellom EU og Ukraina i 2016" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Референдум в Нидерландах об ассоциации между Европейским союзом и Украиной – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Референдум в Нидерландах об ассоциации между Европейским союзом и Украиной" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkomr%C3%B6stningen_i_Nederl%C3%A4nderna_om_EU:s_samarbetsavtal_med_Ukraina" title="Folkomröstningen i Nederländerna om EU:s samarbetsavtal med Ukraina – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Folkomröstningen i Nederländerna om EU:s samarbetsavtal med Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%96_%D0%84%D0%A1" title="Консультативний референдум Нідерландів щодо асоціації України і ЄС – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Консультативний референдум Нідерландів щодо асоціації України і ЄС" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21117876#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1159459382">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data>table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data{width:calc(100% - 20px);overflow:auto}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:24em"><caption class="infobox-title">2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1150407293">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile"><hr /></span><span class="mobile"></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:10%;" class="noprint"></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:80%;" class=""><b>6 April 2016<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-04-06</span>)</span></b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:10%;" class="noprint"></td> </tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1150407293"><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile"><hr /></span><span class="mobile"></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="display:inline-block;border-style: solid;padding: 3px;border-color: #A2A9B1;border-width: 2px;background-color: #FEFEFE;color: black;margin: 3px;width: calc(100% - 16px);max-width: 24em;">Are you for or against the Approval Act of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine?</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#efefef;">Results</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:25em; margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#EEEEEE"> <th style="width: 50%;"><div style="float:left;">Choice</div> </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 25%">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 25%">% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">For </td> <td style="text-align: right;margin-right: 0.5em">1,571,874 </td> <td style="text-align: right;margin-right: 0.5em"><span data-sort-value="7001382115186819956♠" style="display:none"></span>38.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Against </td> <td style="text-align: right;margin-right: 0.5em"><b>2,509,395</b> </td> <td style="text-align: right;margin-right: 0.5em"><b><span data-sort-value="7001610022138689273♠" style="display:none"></span>61.00%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Blank votes </td> <td style="text-align: right;">32,344 </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span data-sort-value="6999786267449077003♠" style="display:none"></span>0.79% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#EEEEEE"> <td style="text-align: left">Valid votes </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4,113,613 </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span data-sort-value="7001990846931060289♠" style="display:none"></span>99.08% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#EEEEEE"> <td style="text-align: left">Invalid votes </td> <td style="text-align: right;">38,000 </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span data-sort-value="6999915306893971090♠" style="display:none"></span>0.92% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#EEEEEE"> <td style="text-align: left"><b>Total votes</b> </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><b>4,151,613</b> </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><b>100.00%</b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#EEEEEE"> <td style="text-align: left"><span class="nowrap">Eligible to vote/turnout</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">12,862,658 </td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span data-sort-value="7001322764781587133♠" style="display:none"></span>32.28% </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td 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which has effect when a simple majority votes "Against" and turnout is at least 30%.</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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[The seven arrows stand for the seven provinces of the Union of Utrecht.] The shield is crowned with the (Dutch) royal crown and supported by two lions Or armed and langued gules. They stand on a scroll Azure with the text (Or) "Je Maintiendrai" (French for "I will maintain".)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg/150px-State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg/225px-State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg/300px-State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="595" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Netherlands" title="Constitution of the Netherlands">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter_for_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands">Charter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wet_Algemene_Bepalingen" title="Wet Algemene Bepalingen">Wet Algemene Bepalingen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Netherlands" title="Human rights in the Netherlands">Human rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Monarchy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">King</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Willem-Alexander_of_the_Netherlands" title="Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands">Willem-Alexander</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands">Council of Ministers</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_Plenipotentiary_(Netherlands)" title="Minister Plenipotentiary (Netherlands)">Ministers Plenipotentiary</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_Plenipotentiary_of_Aruba" title="Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba">Aruba</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_Plenipotentiary_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_Plenipotentiary_of_Sint_Maarten" title="Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten">St. Maarten</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Netherlands" title="Cabinet of the Netherlands">Cabinet</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of the Netherlands">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Dick_Schoof" title="Dick Schoof">Dick Schoof</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Deputy Prime Ministers</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Fleur_Agema" title="Fleur Agema">Fleur Agema</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Hermans" title="Sophie Hermans">Sophie Hermans</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eddy_van_Hijum" title="Eddy van Hijum">Eddy van Hijum</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mona_Keijzer" title="Mona Keijzer">Mona Keijzer</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_the_Netherlands" title="Ministries of the Netherlands">Ministries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">States General</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Netherlands)" title="Senate (Netherlands)">Senate</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_(Netherlands)" title="President of the Senate (Netherlands)">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Anthonie_Bruijn" title="Jan Anthonie Bruijn">Jan Anthonie Bruijn</a></dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_Senate_of_the_Netherlands,_2023%E2%80%932027" title="Template:Members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2023–2027">Current membership</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Historic_composition_of_the_Senate_of_the_Netherlands" title="Historic composition of the Senate of the Netherlands">Historic composition</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">House of Representatives</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)">Speaker</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Bosma" title="Martin Bosma">Martin Bosma</a></dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Netherlands,_2023%E2%80%93present" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, 2023–present">Current membership</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Historic_composition_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Netherlands" title="Historic composition of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands">Historic composition</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_committees_of_the_States_General_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary committees of the States General of the Netherlands">Parliamentary committees</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_the_Netherlands" title="Judiciary of the Netherlands">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Netherlands" title="Supreme Court of the Netherlands">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Council_of_State_(Netherlands)" title="High Council of State (Netherlands)">High Councils of State</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Council_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Council of State">Council of State</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Court_of_Audit" class="mw-redirect" title="Netherlands Court of Audit">Court of Audit</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Ombudsman" title="National Ombudsman">National Ombudsman</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2010_Dutch_general_election" title="2010 Dutch general election">2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Dutch_general_election" title="2012 Dutch general election">2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Dutch_general_election" title="2017 Dutch general election">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Dutch_general_election" title="2021 Dutch general election">2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_general_election" title="2023 Dutch general election">2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Dutch_general_election" title="Next Dutch general election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Provincial: <a href="/wiki/2011_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2011 Dutch provincial elections">2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2015 Dutch provincial elections">2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2019 Dutch provincial elections">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2023 Dutch provincial elections">2023</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Municipal: <a href="/wiki/2010_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2010 Dutch municipal elections">2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2014 Dutch municipal elections">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2018 Dutch municipal elections">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2022 Dutch municipal elections">2022</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>European: <a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1999 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1999</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2004</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2024</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Netherlands" title="Referendums in the Netherlands">Referendums</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Referendums: <a href="/wiki/2005_Dutch_European_Constitution_referendum" title="2005 Dutch European Constitution referendum">2005</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_Intelligence_and_Security_Services_Act_referendum" title="2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum">2018</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of political parties in the Netherlands">Political parties</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_politicians" title="Category:Dutch politicians">Politicians</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Local government</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_politics_in_the_Netherlands" title="Provincial politics in the Netherlands">Provincial politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_board_(Netherlands)" title="Water board (Netherlands)">Water boards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_politics_in_the_Netherlands" title="Municipal politics in the Netherlands">Municipal politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BES_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="BES islands">BES islands</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Netherlands" title="Foreign relations of the Netherlands">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Netherlands)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd>Minister: <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Veldkamp" title="Caspar Veldkamp">Caspar Veldkamp</a><hr /></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of diplomatic missions of the Netherlands">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of diplomatic missions in the Netherlands">in the Netherlands</a><hr /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_nationality_law" title="Dutch nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_passport" title="Dutch passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Dutch_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Dutch citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_the_Schengen_Area" title="Visa policy of the Schengen Area">Visa policy of the Schengen Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands_in_the_Caribbean" title="Visa policy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean">Visa policy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_Netherlands" title="Corruption in the Netherlands">Corruption in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Nederlandsche_Bank" title="De Nederlandsche Bank">De Nederlandsche Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Netherlands" title="Law of the Netherlands">Law of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Netherlands_(1900%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Netherlands (1900–present)">Modern history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Republicanism in the Netherlands">Republicanism in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Economic_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Economic Council">Social Economic Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_Netherlands" title="Template:Politics of the Netherlands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_Netherlands" title="Template talk:Politics of the Netherlands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_Netherlands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the Netherlands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An <a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Netherlands" title="Referendums in the Netherlands">advisory referendum</a> on the approval of the <a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement">Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement</a> was held in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> on 6 April 2016. The referendum question was: "Are you for or against the Approval Act of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine?"<sup id="cite_ref-Visser_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visser-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With a turnout of 32.28%, the threshold for a valid referendum was met. 61% of the votes cast were against the Approval Act, and 38.2% in favour. This accounted for 19.5% of eligible voters voting against and 12.2% voting in favour. As the Act was rejected, the <a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">States General</a> has to enact a follow-up law to either repeal the Act or put it into effect after all. The referendum is the first since the enactment of the Advisory Referendum Act (<i>Wet raadgevend referendum</i>) on 1 July 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the <a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_tapping_law_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Dutch tapping law referendum">Dutch tapping law referendum</a> in 2018 to be the second.<sup id="cite_ref-Trouw_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trouw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decision to hold a referendum was made after more than 427,000 valid requests were received within six weeks, more than the required number of 300,000 requests. The referendum was suspensory and non-binding, and following the rejection the Government had to propose "zo spoedig mogelijk" (English: <span lang="en">as soon as possible/at the earliest convenience</span>) a new act to either gain parliamentary approval for either retraction of the approval act or for its entry into force. The government secured an additional agreement between the 28 <a href="/wiki/Member_States_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Member States of the European Union">Member States of the European Union</a> addressing what were according to the government the concerns of the no-vote in December 2016. The additional agreement did not change the association agreement and neither Ukraine nor the European Union or Euratom were parties to the additional agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-addendum_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-addendum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the approval of the additional agreement, a new law was passed approving the Association Agreement in May 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-eerstekamer1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eerstekamer1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> enabling the Netherlands to deposit its instrument of ratification on 15 June 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-agreement_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agreement-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The association agreement entered into force on 1 September 2017. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advisory_Referendum_Act">Advisory Referendum Act</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Advisory Referendum Act"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Netherlands" title="Referendums in the Netherlands">Referendums in the Netherlands</a></div> <p>In the Netherlands, before the Advisory Referendum Act's repeal in 2018, most types of <a href="/wiki/Primary_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary legislation">primary laws</a> could be subjected to a suspensory, non-binding referendum after <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proclamation" title="Proclamation">proclamation</a>. The request procedure of a referendum consists of two stages. For the initial request, 10,000 requests have to be received within four weeks after proclamation of the law. After the requirements for this stage are met, 300,000 requests have to be received within six weeks after the completion of the initial request. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Association_Agreement">Association Agreement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Association Agreement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement">Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement</a></div> <p>The Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement is a <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">treaty</a> between the European Union (EU), <a href="/wiki/Euratom" title="Euratom">Euratom</a>, their 28 <a href="/wiki/Member_States_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Member States of the European Union">Member States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> that establishes a political and economic association between the parties. The parties committed to co-operate and converge economic policy, legislation, and regulation across a broad range of areas, including equal rights for workers, steps towards <a href="/wiki/Visa_(document)" class="mw-redirect" title="Visa (document)">visa</a>-free movement of people, the exchange of information and staff in the area of justice, the modernisation of Ukraine's energy infrastructure, and access to the <a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a>. The parties committed to regular <a href="/wiki/Summit_(meeting)" title="Summit (meeting)">summit meetings</a>, and meetings among <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine">ministers</a>, other officials, and experts. The agreement furthermore establishes a <a href="/wiki/Deep_and_Comprehensive_Free_Trade_Area" title="Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area">Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area</a> between the parties. The agreement enters into force upon ratification by all parties, but parts of the agreement are already applied provisionally. </p><p>The Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement Approval Act was voted upon in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">House of Representatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Senate_(Netherlands)" title="Senate (Netherlands)">Senate</a> in 2015. <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">People's Party for Freedom and Democracy</a> (VVD), <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">Labour Party</a> (PvdA), <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">Democrats 66</a> (D66), <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">Christian Democratic Appeal</a> (CDA), <a href="/wiki/ChristianUnion" class="mw-redirect" title="ChristianUnion">ChristianUnion</a> (CU), <a href="/wiki/GreenLeft" class="mw-redirect" title="GreenLeft">GreenLeft</a> (GL), <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Political_Party" title="Reformed Political Party">Reformed Political Party</a> (SGP), <a href="/wiki/50PLUS" title="50PLUS">50PLUS</a>, Group <a href="/wiki/Tunahan_Kuzu" title="Tunahan Kuzu">Kuzu</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A7uk_%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk" title="Selçuk Öztürk">Öztürk</a> and independent MPs Houwers, Klein and Van Vliet voted in favour. <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Socialist Party (Netherlands)">Socialist Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom" title="Party for Freedom">Party for Freedom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Groep_Bontes/Van_Klaveren" class="mw-redirect" title="Groep Bontes/Van Klaveren">Groep Bontes/Van Klaveren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">Party for the Animals</a> voted against. The parties voted correspondingly in the Senate and the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Senate_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Senate Group">Independent Senate Group</a> voted in favour. The Act received royal assent on 8 July 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Netherlands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> published a decision in the <i><a href="/wiki/Staatscourant" title="Staatscourant">Staatscourant</a></i> on the same day, at which point the law became eligible for a referendum.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pending its entry into force, specific parts of the Agreement have been <a href="/wiki/Provisional_application_(treaty)" title="Provisional application (treaty)">applied provisionally</a> since 1 November 2014<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1 January 2016 (<a href="/wiki/Deep_and_Comprehensive_Free_Trade_Area" title="Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area">Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-European_Commission_Trade_Ukraine_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-European_Commission_Trade_Ukraine-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Netherlands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> <a href="/wiki/Bert_Koenders" title="Bert Koenders">Bert Koenders</a>, this concerns about 70% of the Agreement, covering exclusive competence of the European Union.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Request">Request</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Request"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/GeenPeil" title="GeenPeil">GeenPeil</a>, a cooperation between the website <a href="/wiki/GeenStijl" title="GeenStijl">GeenStijl</a> and the organisations Burgercomité EU and <a href="/wiki/Forum_voor_Democratie" class="mw-redirect" title="Forum voor Democratie">Forum voor Democratie</a>, organised the campaign to collect the required signatures. They deployed a web application to collect, print and deliver the signatures to the Dutch Electoral Council (<i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Kiesraad</i></span></i>). Burgercomité EU is an organisation run by <a href="/wiki/Pepijn_van_Houwelingen" title="Pepijn van Houwelingen">Pepijn van Houwelingen</a>, Arjan van Dixhoorn, and Beata Supheert. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th>Stage</th> <th>Required</th> <th>Received</th> <th>Valid </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Preliminary requests<sup id="cite_ref-prelim_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prelim-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>10,000</td> <td>14,441</td> <td>13,480 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Definitive requests</td> <td>300,000</td> <td>472,849</td> <td>427,939 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On 14 October 2015, the Electoral Council held that both stages had been completed.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An appeal was lodged with the adjudicative division of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Netherlands)" title="Council of State (Netherlands)">Council of State</a>, challenging the use of the web application to collect the signatures. On 26 October, the Council held that the claimant had no <a href="/wiki/Standing_(law)" title="Standing (law)">legal standing</a> and dismissed the appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Referendum Committee announced on 29 October that the referendum would be held on 6 April 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Visser_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visser-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Initial_reactions">Initial reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Initial reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In response to parliamentary questions, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rutte" title="Mark Rutte">Mark Rutte</a> said that he would await the course of the referendum and its result to decide how to move forward.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A majority in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">House of Representatives</a>, with the exception of VVD and D66, subsequently declared that they would respect the outcome of the referendum if the turnout exceeded 30% even if it is not binding.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A March 2016 survey found that 72% of Ukrainians wanted the Dutch to vote "yes", 13% wanted them to vote "no" and 15% were undecided.<sup id="cite_ref-Politico160329_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Politico160329-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Sweden)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bildt" title="Carl Bildt">Carl Bildt</a>, "Were the European Union to turn its back on Ukraine and tear up the agreement – which is what the 'No' side in the Dutch debate wants – there is little doubt that this would encourage further Russian destabilisation of and aggression against Ukraine."<sup id="cite_ref-Bildt160405_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bildt160405-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> said that it is "in the interest of the United States, of the Netherlands, of the EU to help ensure that Ukraine becomes a democratic and economically stable country."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaign">Campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>For a 'For' vote </th> <th>No official party position </th> <th>For a 'Against' vote </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VVD" class="mw-redirect" title="VVD">VVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">PvdA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">CDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">Democrats 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GroenLinks" title="GroenLinks">GroenLinks</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChristianUnion" class="mw-redirect" title="ChristianUnion">ChristianUnion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Political_Party" title="Reformed Political Party">SGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50PLUS" title="50PLUS">50PLUS</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">Party for the Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom" title="Party for Freedom">Party for Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Socialist Party (Netherlands)">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoorNederland" title="VoorNederland">VoorNederland</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The government strategy for its campaign included the advice to call the Association Agreement a "cooperation agreement ("<i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">samenwerkingsverdrag</i></span></i>") instead of an association agreement and to highlight trade as a key component of the agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Robert_van_Voren" title="Robert van Voren">Robert van Voren</a>, proponents of the referendum were able to "accumulate four times the maximum campaign subsidy they were allowed to receive from the Dutch Government". He said that a businessman supporting the "no" campaign had been granted <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>50,000 and organisers of the referendum had received funds for campaigns "against", "in favour" and "neutral", but the latter two were "so cleverly written that they too evoked an "against" feeling".<sup id="cite_ref-VDU160406_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VDU160406-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Open_Society_Foundations" title="Open Society Foundations">Open Society Foundations</a>, a non-profit organization led by American billionaire <a href="/wiki/George_Soros" title="George Soros">George Soros</a>, announced to the <a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting" title="Nederlandse Omroep Stichting">NOS</a> that it would spend <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>200,000 on a "yes" campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2016, the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> began investigating the use of a European subsidy to buy a full-page advertisement in <i><a href="/wiki/De_Telegraaf" title="De Telegraaf">De Telegraaf</a></i> to gather signatures in favour of holding the referendum.<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph160406_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph160406-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Farage" title="Nigel Farage">Nigel Farage</a> said he had helped arrange financing for the advertisement.<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph160406_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph160406-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polling">Opinion polling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Opinion polling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date(s) conducted </th> <th style="background:green; color:white; width:9%;">For </th> <th style="background:#dc241f; color:white; width:9%;">Against </th> <th style="background:silver;">Undecided </th> <th>Sample </th> <th>Conducted by </th></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-04-01">30 March–1 April 2016 </td> <td>25% </td> <td style="background:pink;">40% </td> <td>13% undecided, 11% leaning for, 12% leaning against </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004272530000000000♠">27,253</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/EenVandaag" title="EenVandaag">EenVandaag</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-03-28">25–28 March 2016 </td> <td>36% </td> <td style="background:pink;">47% </td> <td>18% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003238200000000000♠">2,382</span> </td> <td><i>I&O Research</i><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-03-20">13–20 March 2016 </td> <td>40% </td> <td style="background:pink;">60% </td> <td data-sort-value="0">N/A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003300000000000000♠">3,000</span>+<sup id="cite_ref-PeilStudyDesign_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PeilStudyDesign-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>Peil.nl</i><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-03-07">4–7 March 2016 </td> <td>33% </td> <td style="background:pink;">44% </td> <td>23% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003251000000000000♠">2,510</span> </td> <td><i>I&O Research</i><sup id="cite_ref-IOMarch_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOMarch-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-02-25">21–25 February 2016 </td> <td>19% </td> <td style="background:pink;">30% </td> <td>22% undecided, 14% leaning for, 15% leaning against </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004296500000000000♠">29,650</span> </td> <td><i>EenVandaag</i><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-02-08">29 January–8 February 2016 </td> <td>32% </td> <td style="background:pink;">38% </td> <td>30% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003238800000000000♠">2,388</span> </td> <td><i>I&O Research</i><sup id="cite_ref-IOFebruary_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOFebruary-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-02-07">1–7 February 2016 </td> <td>40% </td> <td style="background:pink;">60% </td> <td data-sort-value="0">N/A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003300000000000000♠">3,000</span>+<sup id="cite_ref-PeilStudyDesign_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PeilStudyDesign-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>Peil.nl</i><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2016-01-21">12–21 January 2016 </td> <td>31% </td> <td style="background:pink;">38% </td> <td>31% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003255000000000000♠">2,550</span> </td> <td><i>I&O Research</i><sup id="cite_ref-IOJanuary_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOJanuary-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2015-12-28">18–28 December 2015 </td> <td>13% </td> <td style="background:pink;">51% </td> <td>13% leaning for, 23% leaning against </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004271510000000000♠">27,151</span> </td> <td><i>EenVandaag</i><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="2015-12-20">3–20 December 2015 </td> <td>25% </td> <td style="background:pink;">41% </td> <td>34% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003349000000000000♠">3,490</span> </td> <td><i>I&O Research</i><sup id="cite_ref-IOJanuary_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOJanuary-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Referendums under the Advisory Referendum Act are not binding. To be valid, a turnout of at least 30% of eligible voters is required and a simple majority (over 50%) defines the result.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the event of a valid vote against the Act, the States General has to enact a new law either to repeal the Act or to provide for its entry into force. As long as the Approval Act has not entered into force, the instrument of ratification cannot be deposited by the Netherlands, as a result of which the agreement as a whole cannot enter into force.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The referendum was valid: the turnout was roughly 32.3%, and the treaty was rejected with 61% of voters voting against it, and 38.2% of voters voting for it.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 November 2016, Stichting KiezersOnderzoek Nederland, an independent academic organisation,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> published a report on the referendum results, which had been anticipated by the Dutch Government. Amongst other things, the organisation investigated the opponents' motives for voting against. According to the report, for the largest group of "against" voters (34.1%), <a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Ukraine" title="Corruption in Ukraine">corruption in Ukraine</a> was the predominant motive. For the second-largest group, it was the 'fear of <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Ukraine membership of the EU</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2023 study found that euroskepticism or support for the EU was a strong predictor of how individuals voted in the referendum. Views on the EU were a stronger predictor of vote choice than concerns about Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dutch_Government">Dutch Government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dutch Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rutte responded that if the turnout was above 30 percent with such a large margin of victory for the "No" camp, then his sense was that ratification could not simply go ahead. The leader of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Rutte_cabinet" title="Second Rutte cabinet">coalition</a> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">Labour Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diederik_Samsom" title="Diederik Samsom">Diederik Samsom</a>, also felt that they could not ratify the treaty in this fashion.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dutch Government campaigned in favour of the agreement. Rutte said that it is good for the European Union and the Netherlands and not to be seen as a first step to Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">EU membership</a>, saying: "We are a trading nation. We live by free trade agreements and Ukraine is another example of this [...] People who are inclined to vote No think it's a first step to EU membership. It has nothing to do with accession."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academia">Academia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Academia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sijbren de Jong, writing in the <i><a href="/wiki/EU_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="EU Observer">EU Observer</a></i>, said that the referendum was "curious": "It is a treaty of the kind the EU has with many countries: think Moldova, Jordan, Chile, and many others. [...] Interestingly, not a soul raised a finger back when these agreements were negotiated."<sup id="cite_ref-EUO160404_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUO160404-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing for the <i><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a></i>, Jan Germen Janmaat and <a href="/wiki/Taras_Kuzio" title="Taras Kuzio">Taras Kuzio</a> reported that the treaty's opponents were using "stereotypes, half-truths and demeaning propaganda" against Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-KP160406_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KP160406-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Janmaat and Kuzio said that the no campaign "repeats <a href="/wiki/Russian_disinformation" title="Russian disinformation">Russian disinformation</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-KP160406_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KP160406-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and De Jong said that their arguments show "immediate parallels" with the Russian state media's portrayal of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-EUO160404_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUO160404-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Umland" title="Andreas Umland">Andreas Umland</a> called the result of the referendum "a propaganda triumph for Putin", "a lasting embarrassment for the Dutch nation", and "a public humiliation of millions of Ukrainians who, during the last years, have been fighting both peacefully and, <a href="/wiki/War_in_the_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="War in the Donbas">on eastern Ukrainian battlefields</a>, with arms for their national liberation and European integration."<sup id="cite_ref-KP160407_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KP160407-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opponents of the agreement, such as writer <a href="/wiki/Leon_de_Winter" title="Leon de Winter">Leon de Winter</a>, said that it goes well beyond the trade agreement and includes also political and military support.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">Party for the Animals</a> said that support for Ukraine was "problematic", calling it "the most corrupt country on the European continent".<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukrainian_authorities">Ukrainian authorities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ukrainian authorities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a>, "the true goal of the Dutch referendum [was] to attack Europe's unity".<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This view was echoed by <a href="/wiki/Anne_Applebaum" title="Anne Applebaum">Anne Applebaum</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i> who cited the Dutch referendum as a good example of how Russian influence actually works in a Western European election, though she did not know how much the referendum was influenced by Russian propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The European Commission proposed granting visa-free travel to Ukrainians despite the Dutch referendum vote against an EU-Ukraine agreement, arguing that "It may look as if we're ignoring the Dutch voters, but we have to keep our word to Ukraine".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 November 2016, it was announced that a ninety-day visa free period might eventually be granted for Ukrainian citizens with a <a href="/wiki/Biometric_passport" title="Biometric passport">biometric passport</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Schengen_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Schengen area">Schengen area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dutch_press">Dutch press</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Dutch press"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an interview with the Burgercomité EU, the members admitted they didn't really care about Ukraine at all, but are against the political system of the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the referendum journalists started investigating the people of this organization and found out founding member Pepijn van Houwelingen had published a book under a pseudonym. <a href="/wiki/NRC_Handelsblad" class="mw-redirect" title="NRC Handelsblad">NRC Handelsblad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Dagelijkse_Standaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Dagelijkse Standaard (page does not exist)">De Dagelijkse Standaard</a> and <a href="/wiki/De_Groene_Amsterdammer" title="De Groene Amsterdammer">De Groene Amsterdammer</a> raised questions about the political motives of van Houwelingen, since, according to them, the book romanticized <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascism</a>, repression and <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dutch government established several main points that in their opinion were the reason for the vote against the treaty. The government negotiated with the other EU member states about an addendum and clarification to the treaty to remove these objections.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was concluded in December 2016 by all EU member states with the following points:<sup id="cite_ref-addendum_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-addendum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>no establishment of EU candidate status to Ukraine through this agreement</li> <li>no guarantees of military aid or security guarantees to Ukraine</li> <li>no freedom of Ukrainians to reside or work in the EU</li> <li>no increases of bilateral financial support to Ukraine based on the agreement</li> <li>the goal to work towards reduction of corruption in Ukraine, and (as a last resort) to suspend the Agreement if not enough progress is made.</li></ol> <p>The addendum was approved by the EU member states, but not by the European Union or Ukraine. Afterwards, a new ratification act was submitted to parliament. In February 2017, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives of the Netherlands">House of Representatives</a> passed the agreement with 89 votes in favour and 55 against.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2017 the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate of the Netherlands">Senate</a> passed the agreement with 50 votes in favour and 25 against. This meant that the agreement was accepted by the Dutch parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-eerstekamer1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eerstekamer1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Netherlands subsequently deposited its instrument of ratification in June 2017, thus finalising its ratification period. The addendum entered into force upon the deposit of the instrument of ratification. After the deposit, the European Union and Euratom did so as well, allowing for entry into force of the agreement on 1 September 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-agreement_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agreement-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The referendum was not an issue in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Dutch_general_election" title="2017 Dutch general election">Dutch general election in March 2017</a>, except for <a href="/wiki/Forum_for_Democracy_(Netherlands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forum for Democracy (Netherlands)">Forum for Democracy</a> which used the issue in the campaign and that went from zero to two seats in the parliament and supported a "no" vote.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 17">Malaysia Airlines Flight 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Netherlands–Ukraine relations">Netherlands–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Visser-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Visser_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visser_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVisser2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Visser, Jeroen (29 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/referendum-eu-verdrag-met-oekraine-is-6-april~a4173657/">"Referendum EU-verdrag met Oekraïne is op 6 april"</a> [Referendum for the EU treaty with Ukraine on 6 April]. <i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">De Volkskrant</a></i> (in Dutch). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204130138/http://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/referendum-eu-verdrag-met-oekraine-is-6-april~a4173657/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2016</span>. <q>Bent u voor of tegen de wet tot goedkeuring van de Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en Oekraïne? <b>[TRANS]</b> Are you for or against the ratification of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=De+Volkskrant&rft.atitle=Referendum+EU-verdrag+met+Oekra%C3%AFne+is+op+6+april&rft.date=2015-10-29&rft.aulast=Visser&rft.aufirst=Jeroen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.volkskrant.nl%2Fbinnenland%2Freferendum-eu-verdrag-met-oekraine-is-6-april~a4173657%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420124635/https://www.kiesraad.nl/en/news/advisory-referendum-act-force">"Advisory Referendum Act in force"</a>. <i>Dutch Electoral Council</i>. 22 July 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kiesraad.nl/en/news/advisory-referendum-act-force">the original</a> on 20 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dutch+Electoral+Council&rft.atitle=Advisory+Referendum+Act+in+force&rft.date=2015-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kiesraad.nl%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fadvisory-referendum-act-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trouw-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Trouw_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trouw.nl/democratie/nederland-gaat-stemmen-over-sleepwet-~a41048fb/">"Nederland gaat stemmen over 'sleepwet'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Trouw</i>. 1 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Brussels: consilium.europa.eu. European Council. 15 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=European+Council+Conclusions+on+Ukraine+%2815+December+2016%29&rft.place=Brussels&rft.pub=consilium.europa.eu&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consilium.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fmeetings%2Feuropean-council%2F2016%2F12%2F15-euco-conclusions-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eerstekamer1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eerstekamer1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eerstekamer1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eerstekamer.nl/wetsvoorstel/34669_regeling_inwerkingtreding?zoekrol=vgh5mt4dsdk1">"34.669 - Regeling inwerkingtreding van de goedkeuring Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie met Oekraïne"</a> [34.669 - Scheme implementation of the endorsement of the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community with Ukraine] (in Dutch). Senate (Eerste Kamer) of the Dutch Parliament. 28 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=34.669+-+Regeling+inwerkingtreding+van+de+goedkeuring+Associatieovereenkomst+tussen+de+Europese+Unie+en+de+Europese+Gemeenschap+voor+Atoomenergie+met+Oekra%C3%AFne&rft.pub=Senate+%28Eerste+Kamer%29+of+the+Dutch+Parliament&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eerstekamer.nl%2Fwetsvoorstel%2F34669_regeling_inwerkingtreding%3Fzoekrol%3Dvgh5mt4dsdk1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eerstekamer.nl/behandeling/20170614/publicatie_wet/document3/f=/vkf1bw0sscyb.pdf">"236 - Wet van 31 mei 2017 tot regeling van de inwerkingtreding van de wet van 8 juli 2015, houdende goedkeuring van de op 27 juni 2014 te Brussel tot stand gekomen Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie en haar lidstaten, enerzijds, en Oekraïne, anderzijds (Stb. 2015, 315)"</a> [236 - Act of 31 May 2017 for the entry into force of the Law of 8 July 2015, approving the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and its Member States, of 27 June 2014, on the one part, and Ukraine, on the other part (Stb. 2015, 315)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). Senate (Eerste Kamer) of the Dutch Parliament. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=236+-+Wet+van+31+mei+2017+tot+regeling+van+de+inwerkingtreding+van+de+wet+van+8+juli+2015%2C+houdende+goedkeuring+van+de+op+27+juni+2014+te+Brussel+tot+stand+gekomen+Associatieovereenkomst+tussen+de+Europese+Unie+en+de+Europese+Gemeenschap+voor+Atoomenergie+en+haar+lidstaten%2C+enerzijds%2C+en+Oekra%C3%AFne%2C+anderzijds+%28Stb.+2015%2C+315%29&rft.pub=Senate+%28Eerste+Kamer%29+of+the+Dutch+Parliament&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eerstekamer.nl%2Fbehandeling%2F20170614%2Fpublicatie_wet%2Fdocument3%2Ff%3D%2Fvkf1bw0sscyb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agreement-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-agreement_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-agreement_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/agreements-conventions/agreement/?aid=2014045">"Agreement details"</a>. <i>Council of the European Union</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Senate (Eerste Kamer) of the Dutch Parliament. 18 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=34.116%3A+Goedkeuring+Associatieovereenkomst+tussen+de+Europese+Unie+en+de+Europese+Gemeenschap+voor+Atoomenergie+met+Oekra%C3%AFne&rft.pub=Senate+%28Eerste+Kamer%29+of+the+Dutch+Parliament&rft.date=2014-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eerstekamer.nl%2Fwetsvoorstel%2F34116_goedkeuring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/stcrt-2015-20054.html">"Referendabiliteitsbesluit inzake de wet houdende goedkeuring van de op 27 juni 2014 te Brussel tot stand gekomen Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie en haar lidstaten, enerzijds, en Oekraïne, anderzijds"</a> [Referendum decision on the law approving the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and its Member States on the one part, and Ukraine on the other part, of 27 June 2014] (in Dutch). zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl. 10 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.partijvoordedieren.nl/zeg-nee-tegen-het-associatieverdrag-met-oekraine">the original</a> on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organisator+Oekra%C3%AFnereferendum+blijkt+te+dromen+over+fascisme+en+onderdrukking&rft.pub=dagelijksestandaard.nl&rft.date=2016-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dagelijksestandaard.nl%2F2016%2F04%2Forganisator-oekrainereferendum-blijkt-te-dromen-over-fascisme-en-onderdrukking%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFogteloo2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fogteloo, Margreet (4 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.groene.nl/artikel/met-open-vizier">"Met open vizier?"</a> [With open sight?] (in Dutch). groene.nl<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Met+open+vizier%3F&rft.pub=groene.nl&rft.date=2016-05-04&rft.aulast=Fogteloo&rft.aufirst=Margreet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.groene.nl%2Fartikel%2Fmet-open-vizier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeeperkorn2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Peeperkorn, Marc (15 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkskrant.nl/politiek/rutte-vindt-toch-nog-geitenpaadje-oekrainedeal-tekst-met-verklaring-ligt-klaar~a4434325/">"Rutte vindt toch nog 'geitenpaadje' Oekraïnedeal: tekst met verklaring ligt klaar"</a> [Rutte still finds a "goat track" for the Ukraine deal: text of statement is ready]. <i>Volkskrant.nl</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Volkskrant.nl&rft.atitle=Rutte+vindt+toch+nog+%27geitenpaadje%27+Oekra%C3%AFnedeal%3A+tekst+met+verklaring+ligt+klaar&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft.aulast=Peeperkorn&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.volkskrant.nl%2Fpolitiek%2Frutte-vindt-toch-nog-geitenpaadje-oekrainedeal-tekst-met-verklaring-ligt-klaar~a4434325%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/wetsvoorstellen/detail?id=2017Z01353&dossier=34669">"Wetsvoorstel 34669: Regeling van de inwerkingtreding van de wet van 8 juli 2015, houdende goedkeuring van de op 27 juni 2014 te Brussel tot stand gekomen Associatieovereenkomst tussen de Europese Unie en de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie en haar lidstaten, enerzijds, en Oekraïne, anderzijds (Stb. 2015, 315)"</a> [Bill 34669: Arrangement of entry into force of the Law of 8 July 2015, approving the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and its Member States, on the one part, and the Ukraine, of 27 June 2014, on the other part ( Stb. 2015, 315)] (in Dutch). House of Representatives of the Netherlands. 27 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wetsvoorstel+34669%3A+Regeling+van+de+inwerkingtreding+van+de+wet+van+8+juli+2015%2C+houdende+goedkeuring+van+de+op+27+juni+2014+te+Brussel+tot+stand+gekomen+Associatieovereenkomst+tussen+de+Europese+Unie+en+de+Europese+Gemeenschap+voor+Atoomenergie+en+haar+lidstaten%2C+enerzijds%2C+en+Oekra%C3%AFne%2C+anderzijds+%28Stb.+2015%2C+315%29&rft.pub=House+of+Representatives+of+the+Netherlands&rft.date=2017-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tweedekamer.nl%2Fkamerstukken%2Fwetsvoorstellen%2Fdetail%3Fid%3D2017Z01353%26dossier%3D34669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmeets2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Smeets, Hubert (17 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2017/03/17/hoe-het-anti-kiev-kamp-alsnog-dramatisch-verloor-7406886-a1550746">"Hoe het anti-Kiev-kamp alsnog dramatisch verloor"</a> [How the anti-Kiev camp still lost dramatically] (in Dutch). nrc.nl<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hoe+het+anti-Kiev-kamp+alsnog+dramatisch+verloor&rft.pub=nrc.nl&rft.date=2017-03-17&rft.aulast=Smeets&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrc.nl%2Fnieuws%2F2017%2F03%2F17%2Fhoe-het-anti-kiev-kamp-alsnog-dramatisch-verloor-7406886-a1550746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2016+Dutch+Ukraine%E2%80%93European+Union+Association+Agreement+referendum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dutch_Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_Association_Agreement_referendum" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum">Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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href="/wiki/Third_Rutte_cabinet" title="Third Rutte cabinet">Third Rutte cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Rutte_cabinet" title="Fourth Rutte cabinet">Fourth Rutte cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Mark_Rutte" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Mark Rutte">International trips</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_Rutte_2015_(1)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mark_Rutte_2015_%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Mark_Rutte_2015_%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mark_Rutte_2015_%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Mark_Rutte_2015_%281%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_childcare_benefits_scandal" title="Dutch childcare benefits scandal">Dutch childcare benefits scandal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Dutch%E2%80%93Turkish_diplomatic_incident" title="2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident">2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 17">Malaysia Airlines Flight 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_Intelligence_and_Security_Services_Act_referendum" title="2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum">2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands">COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic">European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frugal_Four" title="Frugal Four">Frugal Four</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Netherlands&#124;link=Netherlands_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_Netherlands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dutch_elections" title="Template:Dutch elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dutch_elections" title="Template talk:Dutch elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Netherlands&#124;link=Netherlands_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_Netherlands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Elections</a> and <a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Netherlands" title="Referendums in the Netherlands">referendums</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_Dutch_general_election" title="1848 Dutch general election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1850_Dutch_general_election" title="1850 Dutch general election">1850</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1852_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1852 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1853_Dutch_general_election" title="1853 Dutch general election">1853</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1854_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1854 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1854</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1856 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1858_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1858 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1858</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Dutch_general_election" title="1860 Dutch general election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1862_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1862 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1862</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1864_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1864 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=June_1866_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="June 1866 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1866 (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1866_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="October 1866 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1866 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Dutch_general_election" title="1868 Dutch general election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1869_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1869 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Dutch_general_election" title="1871 Dutch general election">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1873_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1873 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1873</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1875_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1875 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_Dutch_general_election" title="1877 Dutch general election">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1879_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1879 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1879</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1881_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1881 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_Dutch_general_election" title="1883 Dutch general election">1883</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1884_Dutch_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1884 Dutch general election (page does not exist)">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Dutch_general_election" title="1886 Dutch general election">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Dutch_general_election" title="1887 Dutch general election">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Dutch_general_election" title="1888 Dutch general election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Dutch_general_election" title="1891 Dutch general election">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Dutch_general_election" title="1894 Dutch general election">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1897_Dutch_general_election" title="1897 Dutch general election">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Dutch_general_election" title="1901 Dutch general election">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Dutch_general_election" title="1905 Dutch general election">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Dutch_general_election" title="1909 Dutch general election">1909</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Dutch_general_election" title="1913 Dutch general election">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Dutch_general_election" title="1917 Dutch general election">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Dutch_general_election" title="1918 Dutch general election">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Dutch_general_election" title="1922 Dutch general election">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Dutch_general_election" title="1925 Dutch general election">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Dutch_general_election" title="1929 Dutch general election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Dutch_general_election" title="1933 Dutch general election">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Dutch_general_election" title="1937 Dutch general election">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Dutch_general_election" title="1946 Dutch general election">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Dutch_general_election" title="1948 Dutch general election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Dutch_general_election" title="1952 Dutch general election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Dutch_general_election" title="1956 Dutch general election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Dutch_general_election" title="1959 Dutch general election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Dutch_general_election" title="1963 Dutch general election">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Dutch_general_election" title="1967 Dutch general election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Dutch_general_election" title="1971 Dutch general election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Dutch_general_election" title="1972 Dutch general election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Dutch_general_election" title="1977 Dutch general election">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Dutch_general_election" title="1981 Dutch general election">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Dutch_general_election" title="1982 Dutch general election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Dutch_general_election" title="1986 Dutch general election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Dutch_general_election" title="1989 Dutch general election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Dutch_general_election" title="1994 Dutch general election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Dutch_general_election" title="1998 Dutch general election">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Dutch_general_election" title="2002 Dutch general election">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Dutch_general_election" title="2003 Dutch general election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Dutch_general_election" title="2006 Dutch general election">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Dutch_general_election" title="2010 Dutch general election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Dutch_general_election" title="2012 Dutch general election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Dutch_general_election" title="2017 Dutch general election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Dutch_general_election" title="2021 Dutch general election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_general_election" title="2023 Dutch general election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Dutch_general_election" title="Next Dutch general election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States-Provincial" class="mw-redirect" title="States-Provincial">Provincial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1946_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1946 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1962_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1962 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1974_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1974 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1978_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1978 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_Dutch_provincial_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 Dutch provincial elections (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2007 Dutch provincial elections">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2011 Dutch provincial elections">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2015 Dutch provincial elections">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2019 Dutch provincial elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_provincial_elections" title="2023 Dutch provincial elections">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council_(Netherlands)" title="Municipal council (Netherlands)">Municipal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982_Dutch_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982 Dutch municipal elections (page does not exist)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1986_Dutch_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1986 Dutch municipal elections (page does not exist)">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_Dutch_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 Dutch municipal elections (page does not exist)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1994_Dutch_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1994 Dutch municipal elections (page does not exist)">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_Dutch_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 Dutch municipal elections (page does not exist)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2002 Dutch municipal elections">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2006 Dutch municipal elections">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2010 Dutch municipal elections">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2014 Dutch municipal elections">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2018 Dutch municipal elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Dutch_municipal_elections" title="2022 Dutch municipal elections">2022</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_board_(Netherlands)" title="Water board (Netherlands)">Water board</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_Dutch_water_board_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 Dutch water board elections (page does not exist)">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2015_Dutch_water_board_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2015 Dutch water board elections (page does not exist)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Dutch_water_board_elections" title="2019 Dutch water board elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_water_board_elections" title="2023 Dutch water board elections">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_colleges_for_the_Senate" title="Electoral colleges for the Senate">Electoral college</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Dutch_electoral_college_elections" title="2019 Dutch electoral college elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_electoral_college_elections" title="2023 Dutch electoral college elections">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Island_council_(Netherlands)" title="Island council (Netherlands)">Island council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Dutch_island_council_elections" title="2011 Dutch island council elections">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Dutch_island_council_elections" title="2015 Dutch island council elections">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Dutch_island_council_elections" title="2019 Dutch island council elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Sint_Eustatius_island_council_election" title="2020 Sint Eustatius island council election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dutch_island_council_elections" title="2023 Dutch island council elections">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1979 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1984 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1989 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1994 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1999 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Netherlands" title="Referendums in the Netherlands">Referendums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1797_Batavian_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1797 Batavian Republic constitutional referendum">1797</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1798_Batavian_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1798 Batavian Republic constitutional referendum">1798</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1801_Batavian_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1801 Batavian Republic constitutional referendum">1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1805_Batavian_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1805 Batavian Republic constitutional referendum">1805</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Dutch_European_Constitution_referendum" title="2005 Dutch European Constitution referendum">2005</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Dutch_Intelligence_and_Security_Services_Act_referendum" title="2018 Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum">2018</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Dutch_Senate_elections" title="Template:Dutch Senate elections">Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Aruban_elections" title="Template:Aruban elections">Elections and referendums in Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cura%C3%A7ao_elections" title="Template:Curaçao elections">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sint_Maarten_elections" title="Template:Sint Maarten elections">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Netherlands_Antilles_elections" title="Template:Netherlands Antilles elections">Netherlands Antilles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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